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Brodsky K, Káňová K, Konvalinková D, Slámová K, Pelantová H, Valentová K, Bojarová P, Křen V, Petrásková L. Bacterial Aryl Sulfotransferases in Selective and Sustainable Sulfation of Biologically Active Compounds using Novel Sulfate Donors. CHEMSUSCHEM 2022; 15:e202201253. [PMID: 35832026 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202201253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Regioselective sulfation of bioactive compounds is a vital and scarcely studied topic in enzyme-catalyzed transformations and metabolomics. The major bottleneck of enzymatic sulfation consists in finding suitable sulfate donors. In this regard, 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate (PAPS)-independent aryl sulfotransferases using aromatic sulfate donors are a favored choice due to their cost-effectiveness. This work presents a unique study of five sulfate donors differing in their leaving group pKa values with a new His-tagged construct of aryl sulfotransferase from Desulfitobacterium hafniense (DhAST-tag). DhAST-tag was purified to homogeneity and biochemically characterized. Two new donors (3-nitrophenyl sulfate and 2-nitrophenyl sulfate) were synthesized. The kinetic parameters of these and other commercial sulfates (4-nitrophenyl, 4-methylumbelliferyl, and phenyl) revealed large differences with respect to the structure of the leaving group. These donors were screened for the sulfation of selected flavonoids (myricetin, chrysin) and phenolic acids (gallate, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate). The donor impact on the sulfation regioselectivity and yield was assessed. The obtained regioselectively sulfated compounds are authentic human metabolites required as standards in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katerina Brodsky
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ 142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 3, CZ 16628, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Kristýna Káňová
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ 142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Dorota Konvalinková
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ 142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Kristýna Slámová
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ 142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Helena Pelantová
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ 142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Valentová
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ 142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Pavla Bojarová
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ 142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimír Křen
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ 142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Petrásková
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ 142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic
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Li C, Dai T, Chen J, Chen M, Liang R, Liu C, Du L, McClements DJ. Modification of flavonoids: methods and influences on biological activities. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:10637-10658. [PMID: 35687361 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2083572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Flavonoids are important active ingredients in plant-based food, which have many beneficial effects on health. But the low solubility, poor oral bioavailability, and inferior stability of many flavonoids may limit their applications in the food, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical industries. Structural modification can overcome these shortcomings to improve and extend the application of flavonoids. The study of how to modify flavonoids and the influence of various modifications on biological activity have drawn great interest in the current literature. In this review, the working principles and operating conditions of modification methods were summarized along with their potential and limitations in terms of operational safety, cost, and productivity. The influence of various modifications on biological activities and the structure-activity relationships of flavonoids derivatives were discussed and highlighted, which may give guidance for the synthesis of highly effective active agents. In addition, the safety of flavonoids derivatives is reviewed, and future research directions of flavonoid modification research are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changhong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Taotao Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Agro-food Science and Technology Research Institute, Nanning, China
| | - Jun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Mingshun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Ruihong Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Chengmei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Liqing Du
- China Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, South Subtropical Crop Research Institute, Zhanjiang China
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3
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Sulfated Phenolic Substances: Preparation and Optimized HPLC Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105743. [PMID: 35628552 PMCID: PMC9147169 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Sulfation is an important reaction in nature, and sulfated phenolic compounds are of interest as standards of mammalian phase II metabolites or pro-drugs. Such standards can be prepared using chemoenzymatic methods with aryl sulfotransferases. The aim of the present work was to obtain a large library of sulfated phenols, phenolic acids, flavonoids, and flavonolignans and optimize their HPLC (high performance liquid chromatography) analysis. Four new sulfates of 2,3,4-trihydroxybenzoic acid, catechol, 4-methylcatechol, and phloroglucinol were prepared and fully characterized using MS (mass spectrometry), 1H, and 13C NMR. The separation was investigated using HPLC with PDA (photodiode-array) detection and a total of 38 standards of phenolics and their sulfates. Different stationary (monolithic C18, C18 Polar, pentafluorophenyl, ZICpHILIC) and mobile phases with or without ammonium acetate buffer were compared. The separation results were strongly dependent on the pH and buffer capacity of the mobile phase. The developed robust HPLC method is suitable for the separation of enzymatic sulfation reaction mixtures of flavonoids, flavonolignans, 2,3-dehydroflavonolignans, phenolic acids, and phenols with PDA detection. Moreover, the method is directly applicable in conjunction with mass detection due to the low flow rate and the absence of phosphate buffer and/or ion-pairing reagents in the mobile phase.
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Supikova K, Kosinova A, Vavrusa M, Koplikova L, François A, Pospisil J, Zatloukal M, Wever R, Hartog A, Gruz J. Sulfated phenolic acids in plants. PLANTA 2022; 255:124. [PMID: 35562552 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-022-03902-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Sulfated phenolic acids are widely occurring metabolites in plants, including fruits, vegetables and crops. The untargeted UHPLC-QTOF-MS metabolomics of more than 50 samples from plant, fungi and algae lead to the discovery of a small group of sulfated metabolites derived from phenolic acids. These compounds were detected in land plants for the first time. In this study, zosteric acid, 4-(sulfooxy)benzoic acid, 4-(sulfoooxy)phenylacetic acid, ferulic acid 4-sulfate and/or vanillic acid 4-sulfate were detected in a number of edible species/products, including oat (Avena sativa L.), wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.), carrot (Daucus carota subsp. Sativus Hoffm.), broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. Italica Plenck), celery (Apium graveolens L.), cabbage (Brassica oleracea convar. sabauda L.), banana tree (Musa tropicana L.), pineapple fruit (Ananas comosus L.), radish bulb (Raphanus sativus L.) and olive oil (Olea europaea L.). The structural identification of sulfated compounds was performed by comparing retention times and mass spectral data to those of synthesized standards. In addition to above-mentioned compounds, isoferulic acid 3-sulfate and caffeic acid 4-sulfate were putatively identified in celery bulb (Apium graveolens L.) and broccoli floret (Brassica oleracea var. Italica Plenck), respectively. While sulfated phenolic acids were quantified in concentrations ranging from 0.34 to 22.18 µg·g-1 DW, the corresponding non-sulfated acids were mostly undetected or present at lower concentrations. The subsequent analysis of oat symplast and apoplast showed that they are predominantly accumulated in the symplast (> 70%) where they are supposed to be biosynthesized by sulfotransferases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klara Supikova
- Department of Experimental Biology, Palacky University, Slechtitelu 27, 78371, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Andrea Kosinova
- Department of Experimental Biology, Palacky University, Slechtitelu 27, 78371, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Vavrusa
- Department of Experimental Biology, Palacky University, Slechtitelu 27, 78371, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Koplikova
- Department of Experimental Biology, Palacky University, Slechtitelu 27, 78371, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Anja François
- Institute of Pharmacy/Pharmacognosy, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Jiri Pospisil
- Department of Chemical Biology, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, and Faculty of Science, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Marek Zatloukal
- Department of Chemical Biology, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Ron Wever
- Van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, Universiteit Van Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Aloysius Hartog
- Van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, Universiteit Van Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jiri Gruz
- Department of Experimental Biology, Palacky University, Slechtitelu 27, 78371, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
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Alfieri ML, Panzella L, Amorati R, Cariola A, Valgimigli L, Napolitano A. Role of Sulphur and Heavier Chalcogens on the Antioxidant Power and Bioactivity of Natural Phenolic Compounds. Biomolecules 2022; 12:90. [PMID: 35053239 PMCID: PMC8774257 DOI: 10.3390/biom12010090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The activity of natural phenols is primarily associated to their antioxidant potential, but is ultimately expressed in a variety of biological effects. Molecular scaffold manipulation of this large variety of compounds is a currently pursued approach to boost or modulate their properties. Insertion of S/Se/Te containing substituents on phenols may increase/decrease their H-donor/acceptor ability by electronic and stereo-electronic effects related to the site of substitution and geometrical constrains. Oxygen to sulphur/selenium isosteric replacement in resveratrol or ferulic acid leads to an increase in the radical scavenging activity with respect to the parent phenol. Several chalcogen-substituted phenols inspired by Vitamin E and flavonoids have been prepared, which in some cases prove to be chain-breaking antioxidants, far better than the natural counterparts. Conjugation of catechols with biological thiols (cysteine, glutathione, dihydrolipoic acid) is easily achieved by addition to the corresponding ortho-quinones. Noticeable examples of compounds with potentiated antioxidant activities are the human metabolite 5-S-cysteinyldopa, with high iron-induced lipid peroxidation inhibitory activity, due to strong iron (III) binding, 5-S-glutathionylpiceatannol a most effective inhibitor of nitrosation processes, and 5-S-lipoylhydroxytyrosol, and its polysulfides that proved valuable oxidative-stress protective agents in various cellular models. Different methodologies have been used for evaluation of the antioxidant power of these compounds against the parent compounds. These include kinetics of inhibition of lipid peroxidation alkylperoxyl radicals, common chemical assays of radical scavenging, inhibition of the OH• mediated hydroxylation/oxidation of model systems, ferric- or copper-reducing power, scavenging of nitrosating species. In addition, computational methods allowed researchers to determine the Bond Dissociation Enthalpy values of the OH groups of chalcogen modified phenolics and predict the best performing derivative. Finally, the activity of Se and Te containing compounds as mimic of glutathione peroxidase has been evaluated, together with other biological activities including anticancer action and (neuro)protective effects in various cellular models. These and other achievements are discussed and rationalized to guide future development in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Laura Alfieri
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Cintia 21, I-80126 Naples, Italy; (M.L.A.); (L.P.)
| | - Lucia Panzella
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Cintia 21, I-80126 Naples, Italy; (M.L.A.); (L.P.)
| | - Riccardo Amorati
- Department of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician”, University of Bologna, Via S. Giacomo 11, I-40126 Bologna, Italy; (R.A.); (A.C.)
| | - Alice Cariola
- Department of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician”, University of Bologna, Via S. Giacomo 11, I-40126 Bologna, Italy; (R.A.); (A.C.)
| | - Luca Valgimigli
- Department of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician”, University of Bologna, Via S. Giacomo 11, I-40126 Bologna, Italy; (R.A.); (A.C.)
| | - Alessandra Napolitano
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Cintia 21, I-80126 Naples, Italy; (M.L.A.); (L.P.)
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Contente ML, Annunziata F, Cannazza P, Donzella S, Pinna C, Romano D, Tamborini L, Barbosa FG, Molinari F, Pinto A. Biocatalytic Approaches for an Efficient and Sustainable Preparation of Polyphenols and Their Derivatives. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:13669-13681. [PMID: 34762407 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c05088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Many sectors of industry, such as food, cosmetics, nutraceuticals, and pharmaceuticals, have increased their interest in polyphenols due to their beneficial properties. These molecules are widely found in Nature (plants) and can be obtained through direct extraction from vegetable matrices. Polyphenols introduced through the diet may be metabolized in the human body via different biotransformations leading to compounds having different bioactivities. In this context, enzyme-catalyzed reactions are the most suitable approach to produce modified polyphenols that not only can be studied for their bioactivity but also can be labeled as green, natural products. This review aims to give an overview of the potential of biocatalysis as a powerful tool for the modification of polyphenols to enhance their bioaccessibility, bioavailability, biological activity or modification of their physicochemical properties. The main polyphenol transformations occurring during their metabolism in the human body have been also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Letizia Contente
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Annunziata
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (DISFARM), University of Milan, via Mangiagalli 25, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Pietro Cannazza
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Donzella
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Cecilia Pinna
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Diego Romano
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Lucia Tamborini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (DISFARM), University of Milan, via Mangiagalli 25, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Francisco Geraldo Barbosa
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Sciences Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza-CE 60455-970, Brazil
| | - Francesco Molinari
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Pinto
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
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7
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Microbial Conjugation Studies of Licochalcones and Xanthohumol. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22136893. [PMID: 34206985 PMCID: PMC8268106 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22136893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbial conjugation studies of licochalcones (1-4) and xanthohumol (5) were performed by using the fungi Mucor hiemalis and Absidia coerulea. As a result, one new glucosylated metabolite was produced by M. hiemalis whereas four new and three known sulfated metabolites were obtained by transformation with A. coerulea. Chemical structures of all the metabolites were elucidated on the basis of 1D-, 2D-NMR and mass spectroscopic data analyses. These results could contribute to a better understanding of the metabolic fates of licochalcones and xanthohumol in mammalian systems. Although licochalcone A 4'-sulfate (7) showed less cytotoxic activity against human cancer cell lines compared to its substrate licochalcone A, its activity was fairly retained with the IC50 values in the range of 27.35-43.07 μM.
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Emeline CB, Ludovic D, Laurent V, Catherine L, Kruse I, Erwan AG, Florian W, Philippe P. Induction of Phlorotannins and Gene Expression in the Brown Macroalga Fucus vesiculosus in Response to the Herbivore Littorina littorea. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:185. [PMID: 33810577 PMCID: PMC8067260 DOI: 10.3390/md19040185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Mechanisms related to the induction of phlorotannin biosynthesis in marine brown algae remain poorly known. Several studies undertaken on fucoid species have shown that phlorotannins accumulate in the algae for several days or weeks after being exposed to grazing, and this is measured by direct quantification of soluble phenolic compounds. In order to investigate earlier inducible responses involved in phlorotannin metabolism, Fucus vesiculosus was studied between 6 and 72 h of grazing by the sea snail Littorina littorea. In this study, the quantification of soluble phenolic compounds was complemented by a Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) approach applied on genes that are potentially involved in either the phlorotannin metabolism or stress responses. Soluble phlorotannin levels remained stable during the kinetics and increased significantly only after 12 h in the presence of grazers, compared to the control, before decreasing to the initial steady state for the rest of the kinetics. Under grazing conditions, the expression of vbpo, cyp450 and ast6 genes was upregulated, respectively, at 6 h, 12 h and 24 h, and cyp450 gene was downregulated after 72 h. Interestingly, the pksIII gene involved in the synthesis of phloroglucinol was overexpressed under grazing conditions after 24 h and 72 h. This study supports the hypothesis that phlorotannins are able to provide an inducible chemical defense under grazing activity, which is regulated at different stages of the stress response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Creis Bendelac Emeline
- Integrative Biology of Marine Models (LBI2M), CNRS, Sorbonne Université, UMR 8227, Station Biologique, Place Georges Teissier, 29680 Roscoff, Brittany, France; (C.B.E.); (D.L.); (V.L.); (L.C.)
- International Research Laboratory IRL 3614, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, PUC, UACH, Evolutionary Biology and Ecology of Algae, EBEA, Station Biologique, 29680 Roscoff, Brittany, France
| | - Delage Ludovic
- Integrative Biology of Marine Models (LBI2M), CNRS, Sorbonne Université, UMR 8227, Station Biologique, Place Georges Teissier, 29680 Roscoff, Brittany, France; (C.B.E.); (D.L.); (V.L.); (L.C.)
| | - Vallet Laurent
- Integrative Biology of Marine Models (LBI2M), CNRS, Sorbonne Université, UMR 8227, Station Biologique, Place Georges Teissier, 29680 Roscoff, Brittany, France; (C.B.E.); (D.L.); (V.L.); (L.C.)
| | - Leblanc Catherine
- Integrative Biology of Marine Models (LBI2M), CNRS, Sorbonne Université, UMR 8227, Station Biologique, Place Georges Teissier, 29680 Roscoff, Brittany, France; (C.B.E.); (D.L.); (V.L.); (L.C.)
| | - Inken Kruse
- Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research (GEOMAR), Düsternbrooker Weg 20, 24105 Kiel, Germany; (I.K.); (W.F.)
| | - Ar Gall Erwan
- Laboratoire des Sciences de l’Environnement Marin, UBO European Institute for Marine Studies IUEM, University of Brest—Western Brittany, UMR 6539 LEMAR, Technopôle Brest Iroise, Rue Dumont d’Urville, 29280 Plouzané, Brittany, France
| | - Weinberger Florian
- Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research (GEOMAR), Düsternbrooker Weg 20, 24105 Kiel, Germany; (I.K.); (W.F.)
| | - Potin Philippe
- Integrative Biology of Marine Models (LBI2M), CNRS, Sorbonne Université, UMR 8227, Station Biologique, Place Georges Teissier, 29680 Roscoff, Brittany, France; (C.B.E.); (D.L.); (V.L.); (L.C.)
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Rashid GMM, Bugg TDH. Enhanced biocatalytic degradation of lignin using combinations of lignin-degrading enzymes and accessory enzymes. Catal Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cy00431j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Combinations of lignin-oxidizing enzymes and accessory enzymes show enhanced activity for product formation from polymeric lignin.
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10
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Káňová K, Petrásková L, Pelantová H, Rybková Z, Malachová K, Cvačka J, Křen V, Valentová K. Sulfated Metabolites of Luteolin, Myricetin, and Ampelopsin: Chemoenzymatic Preparation and Biophysical Properties. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:11197-11206. [PMID: 32910657 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c03997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Authentic standards of food flavonoids are important for human metabolic studies. Their isolation from biological materials is impracticable; however, they can be prepared in vitro. Twelve sulfated metabolites of luteolin, myricetin, and ampelopsin were obtained with arylsulfotransferase from Desulfitobacterium hafniense and fully characterized by high-performance liquid chromatography, MS, and NMR. The compounds were tested for their ability to scavenge 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid), and N,N-dimethyl-p-phenylenediamine radicals, to reduce ferric ions and Folin-Ciocalteu reagent, and to inhibit tert-butyl hydroperoxide-induced lipid peroxidation of rat liver microsomes. The activity differed considerably even between monosulfate isomers. The parent compounds and myricetin-3'-O-sulfate were the most active while other compounds displayed significantly lower activity, particularly luteolin sulfates. No mutagenic activity of the parent compounds and their main metabolites was observed; only myricetin showed minor pro-mutagenicity. The prepared sulfated metabolites are now available as authentic standards for future in vitro and in vivo metabolic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristýna Káňová
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, CZ 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Petrásková
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Helena Pelantová
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Rybková
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, Chittussiho 10, CZ 710 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Malachová
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, Chittussiho 10, CZ 710 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Cvačka
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, CZ-16610 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimír Křen
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Valentová
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
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11
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Goh F, Zhang MM, Lim TR, Low KN, Nge CE, Heng E, Yeo WL, Sirota FL, Crasta S, Tan Z, Ng V, Leong CY, Zhang H, Lezhava A, Chen SL, Hoon SS, Eisenhaber F, Eisenhaber B, Kanagasundaram Y, Wong FT, Ng SB. Identification and engineering of 32 membered antifungal macrolactone notonesomycins. Microb Cell Fact 2020; 19:71. [PMID: 32192516 PMCID: PMC7081687 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-020-01328-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Notonesomycin A is a 32-membered bioactive glycosylated macrolactone known to be produced by Streptomyces aminophilus subsp. notonesogenes 647-AV1 and S. aminophilus DSM 40186. In a high throughput antifungal screening campaign, we identified an alternative notonesomycin A producing strain, Streptomyces sp. A793, and its biosynthetic gene cluster. From this strain, we further characterized a new more potent antifungal non-sulfated analogue, named notonesomycin B. Through CRISPR–Cas9 engineering of the biosynthetic gene cluster, we were able to increase the production yield of notonesomycin B by up to 18-fold as well as generate a strain that exclusively produces this analogue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Falicia Goh
- Bioinformatics Institute, A*STAR, 30 Biopolis Street, #07-01 Matrix, Singapore, 138671, Singapore.,Biotransformation Innovation Platform, A*STAR, 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos Level 4, Singapore, 138673, Singapore
| | - Mingzi M Zhang
- Metabolic Engineering, Functional Molecules & Polymers, Institute of Chemical and Engineering Sciences, A*STAR, 31 Biopolis Way, Nanos #01-01, Singapore, 138669, Singapore.,Institute of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Tian Ru Lim
- Bioinformatics Institute, A*STAR, 30 Biopolis Street, #07-01 Matrix, Singapore, 138671, Singapore
| | - Kia Ngee Low
- Bioinformatics Institute, A*STAR, 30 Biopolis Street, #07-01 Matrix, Singapore, 138671, Singapore
| | - Choy Eng Nge
- Bioinformatics Institute, A*STAR, 30 Biopolis Street, #07-01 Matrix, Singapore, 138671, Singapore
| | - Elena Heng
- Molecular Engineering Laboratory, Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, A*STAR, 31 Biopolis Way, Nanos, Singapore, 138669, Singapore
| | - Wan Lin Yeo
- Metabolic Engineering, Functional Molecules & Polymers, Institute of Chemical and Engineering Sciences, A*STAR, 31 Biopolis Way, Nanos #01-01, Singapore, 138669, Singapore
| | - Fernanda L Sirota
- Bioinformatics Institute, A*STAR, 30 Biopolis Street, #07-01 Matrix, Singapore, 138671, Singapore
| | - Sharon Crasta
- Bioinformatics Institute, A*STAR, 30 Biopolis Street, #07-01 Matrix, Singapore, 138671, Singapore
| | - Zann Tan
- Bioinformatics Institute, A*STAR, 30 Biopolis Street, #07-01 Matrix, Singapore, 138671, Singapore
| | - Veronica Ng
- Bioinformatics Institute, A*STAR, 30 Biopolis Street, #07-01 Matrix, Singapore, 138671, Singapore
| | - Chung Yan Leong
- Bioinformatics Institute, A*STAR, 30 Biopolis Street, #07-01 Matrix, Singapore, 138671, Singapore
| | - Huibin Zhang
- Genome Institute of Singapore, A*STAR, 60 Biopolis Street, Genome #02-01, Singapore, 138672, Singapore
| | - Alexander Lezhava
- Genome Institute of Singapore, A*STAR, 60 Biopolis Street, Genome #02-01, Singapore, 138672, Singapore
| | - Swaine L Chen
- Genome Institute of Singapore, A*STAR, 60 Biopolis Street, Genome #02-01, Singapore, 138672, Singapore.,Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 1E Kent Ridge Road, NUHS Tower Block, Level 10, Singapore, 119228, Singapore
| | - Shawn S Hoon
- Molecular Engineering Laboratory, Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, A*STAR, 31 Biopolis Way, Nanos, Singapore, 138669, Singapore
| | - Frank Eisenhaber
- Bioinformatics Institute, A*STAR, 30 Biopolis Street, #07-01 Matrix, Singapore, 138671, Singapore.,School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University (NTU), 50 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637553, Singapore
| | - Birgit Eisenhaber
- Bioinformatics Institute, A*STAR, 30 Biopolis Street, #07-01 Matrix, Singapore, 138671, Singapore
| | | | - Fong T Wong
- Molecular Engineering Laboratory, Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, A*STAR, 31 Biopolis Way, Nanos, Singapore, 138669, Singapore.
| | - Siew Bee Ng
- Bioinformatics Institute, A*STAR, 30 Biopolis Street, #07-01 Matrix, Singapore, 138671, Singapore.
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12
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Ji Y, Islam S, Cui H, Dhoke GV, Davari MD, Mertens AM, Schwaneberg U. Loop engineering of aryl sulfotransferase B for improving catalytic performance in regioselective sulfation. Catal Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cy00063a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Loop engineering of aryl sulfotransferase B improves catalytic performance in regioselective sulfation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Ji
- Lehrstuhl für Biotechnologie
- RWTH Aachen University
- 52074 Aachen
- Germany
| | - Shohana Islam
- Lehrstuhl für Biotechnologie
- RWTH Aachen University
- 52074 Aachen
- Germany
- DWI – Leibniz-Institut für Interaktive Materialien e.V
| | - Haiyang Cui
- Lehrstuhl für Biotechnologie
- RWTH Aachen University
- 52074 Aachen
- Germany
| | - Gaurao V. Dhoke
- Lehrstuhl für Biotechnologie
- RWTH Aachen University
- 52074 Aachen
- Germany
| | - Mehdi D. Davari
- Lehrstuhl für Biotechnologie
- RWTH Aachen University
- 52074 Aachen
- Germany
| | - Alan M. Mertens
- Lehrstuhl für Biotechnologie
- RWTH Aachen University
- 52074 Aachen
- Germany
| | - Ulrich Schwaneberg
- Lehrstuhl für Biotechnologie
- RWTH Aachen University
- 52074 Aachen
- Germany
- DWI – Leibniz-Institut für Interaktive Materialien e.V
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13
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Zhou Z, Li Q, Xu R, Wang B, Du G, Kang Z. Secretory expression of the rat aryl sulfotransferases IV with improved catalytic efficiency by molecular engineering. 3 Biotech 2019; 9:246. [PMID: 31168439 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-019-1781-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The rat aryl sulfotransferases IV (AST IV) has been used to catalyze 3'-phosphoadenosine-5'-phosphate (PAP) into the sulfuryl group donor 3'-phosphoadenosine-5'-phosphosulfate (PAPS) in biotechnological production of glycosaminoglycans. The performance of native AST IV is not satisfying due to the lower catalytic activity with substrate PAP. In the present study, we achieved secretory expression of the AST IV and improved its catalytic efficiency by molecular engineering. Fusion with signal peptides Cex, YebF and PelB allow for secretory expression of AST IV and the secreted AST IV yield reached 4.21 ± 0.23 U/mL, 8.67 ± 0.34 U/mL and 21.35 ± 0.87 U/mL, respectively. Modification of PelB further increased the secretory expression by more than fourfold, to 89.67 ± 1.34 U/mL. On this basis, molecular evolution of the predicted PAP-binding pocket gate loop was performed and a positive mutant L89S/E90L with higher activity was identified. Considering the importance of the sites Leu89 and Glu90, we performed site-saturation mutagenesis and found the mutant L89M/E90Q with much higher PAP affinity (K m= 0.46 ± 0.02 mM) and catalytic efficiency (k cat/K m = 1816.32 ± 12.72/s/M). The secretory expression of the AST IV variant L89M/E90Q with higher catalytic efficiency should facilitate the studies on biosynthesis of sulfated polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengxiong Zhou
- 1The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122 China
- 2The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122 China
| | - Qing Li
- 1The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122 China
- 2The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122 China
| | - Ruirui Xu
- 1The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122 China
- 2The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122 China
| | - Bingbing Wang
- 1The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122 China
- 2The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122 China
| | - Guocheng Du
- 1The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122 China
- 2The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122 China
| | - Zhen Kang
- 1The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122 China
- 2The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122 China
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14
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Directed aryl sulfotransferase evolution toward improved sulfation stoichiometry on the example of catechols. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:3761-3771. [PMID: 30830250 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-09688-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Sulfation is an important way for detoxifying xenobiotics and endobiotics including catechols. Enzymatic sulfation occurs usually with high chemo- and/or regioselectivity under mild reaction conditions. In this study, a two-step p-NPS-4-AAP screening system for laboratory evolution of aryl sulfotransferase B (ASTB) was developed in 96-well microtiter plates to improve the sulfate transfer efficiency toward catechols. Increased transfer efficiency and improved sulfation stoichiometry are achieved through the two-step screening procedure in a one-pot reaction. In the first step, the p-NPS assay is used (detection of the colorimetric by-product, p-nitrophenol) to determine the apparent ASTB activity. The sulfated product, 3-chlorocatechol-1-monosulfate, is quantified by the 4-aminoantipyrine (4-AAP) assay in the second step. Comparison of product formation to p-NPS consumption ensures successful directed evolution campaigns of ASTB. Optimization yielded a coefficient of variation below 15% for the two-step screening system (p-NPS-4-AAP). In total, 1760 clones from an ASTB-SeSaM library were screened toward the improved sulfation activity of 3-chlorocatechol. The turnover number (kcat = 41 ± 2 s-1) and catalytic efficiency (kcat/KM = 0.41 μM-1 s-1) of the final variant ASTB-M5 were improved 2.4- and 2.3-fold compared with ASTB-WT. HPLC analysis confirmed the improved sulfate stoichiometry of ASTB-M5 with a conversion of 58% (ASTB-WT 29%; two-fold improvement). Mass spectrometry (MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) confirmed the chemo- and regioselectivity, which yielded exclusively 3-chlorocatechol-1-monosulfate. For all five additionally investigated catechols, the variant ASTB-M5 achieved an improved kcat value of up to 4.5-fold and sulfate transfer efficiency was also increased (up to 2.3-fold).
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15
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Islam S, Mate DM, Martínez R, Jakob F, Schwaneberg U. A robust protocol for directed aryl sulfotransferase evolution toward the carbohydrate building block GlcNAc. Biotechnol Bioeng 2018; 115:1106-1115. [PMID: 29288579 DOI: 10.1002/bit.26535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Revised: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial aryl sulfotransferases (AST) utilize p-nitrophenylsulfate (pNPS) as a phenolic donor to sulfurylate typically a phenolic acceptor. Interest in aryl sulfotransferases is growing because of their broad variety of acceptors and cost-effective sulfuryl-donors. For instance, aryl sulfotransferase A (ASTA) from Desulfitobacterium hafniense was recently reported to sulfurylate d-glucose. In this study, a directed evolution protocol was developed and validated for aryl sulfotransferase B (ASTB). Thereby the well-known pNPS quantification system was advanced to operate efficiently as a continuous screening system in 96-well MTP format with a true coefficient of variation of 14.3%. A random mutagenesis library (SeSaM library) of ASTB was screened (1,760 clones) to improve sulfurylation of the carbohydrate building block N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc). The beneficial variant ASTB-V1 (Val579Asp) showed an up to 3.4-fold increased specific activity toward GlcNAc when compared to ASTB-WT. HPLC- and MS-analysis confirmed ASTB-V1's increased GlcNAc monosulfurylation (2.4-fold increased product formation) representing the validation of the first successful directed evolution round of an AST for a saccharide substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shohana Islam
- DWI-Leibniz-Institut für Interaktive Materialien e.V., Aachen, Germany
| | - Diana M Mate
- DWI-Leibniz-Institut für Interaktive Materialien e.V., Aachen, Germany
| | - Ronny Martínez
- Lehrstuhl für Biotechnologie, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Felix Jakob
- DWI-Leibniz-Institut für Interaktive Materialien e.V., Aachen, Germany
| | - Ulrich Schwaneberg
- DWI-Leibniz-Institut für Interaktive Materialien e.V., Aachen, Germany.,Lehrstuhl für Biotechnologie, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
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16
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Valentová K, Káňová K, Di Meo F, Pelantová H, Chambers CS, Rydlová L, Petrásková L, Křenková A, Cvačka J, Trouillas P, Křen V. Chemoenzymatic Preparation and Biophysical Properties of Sulfated Quercetin Metabolites. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18112231. [PMID: 29068411 PMCID: PMC5713201 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18112231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Revised: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Sulfated quercetin derivatives are important authentic standards for metabolic studies. Quercetin-3′-O-sulfate, quercetin-4′-O-sulfate, and quercetin-3-O-sulfate as well as quercetin-di-O-sulfate mixture (quercetin-7,3′-di-O-sulfate, quercetin-7,4′-di-O-sulfate, and quercetin-3′,4′-di-O-sulfate) were synthetized by arylsulfotransferase from Desulfitobacterium hafniense. Purified monosulfates and disulfates were fully characterized using MS and NMR and tested for their 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2′-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS+) and N,N-dimethyl-p-phenylenediamine (DMPD) radical scavenging, Folin-Ciocalteau reduction (FCR), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and anti-lipoperoxidant activities in rat liver microsomes damaged by tert-butylhydroperoxide. Although, as expected, the sulfated metabolites were usually less active than quercetin, they remained still effective antiradical and reducing agents. Quercetin-3′-O-sulfate was more efficient than quercetin-4′-O-sulfate in DPPH and FCR assays. In contrast, quercetin-4′-O-sulfate was the best ferric reductant and lipoperoxidation inhibitor. The capacity to scavenge ABTS+• and DMPD was comparable for all substances, except for disulfates, which were the most efficient. Quantum calculations and molecular dynamics simulations on membrane models supported rationalization of free radical scavenging and lipid peroxidation inhibition. These results clearly showed that individual metabolites of food bioactives can markedly differ in their biological activity. Therefore, a systematic and thorough investigation of all bioavailable metabolites with respect to native compounds is needed when evaluating food health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kateřina Valentová
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ-14220 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Kristýna Káňová
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ-14220 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Florent Di Meo
- INSERM U850, Univ. Limoges, School of Pharmacy, 2 rue du Docteur Marcland, F-87025 Limoges, France.
| | - Helena Pelantová
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ-14220 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | | | - Lenka Rydlová
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ-14220 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Lucie Petrásková
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ-14220 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Alena Křenková
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ-14220 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Josef Cvačka
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, CZ-16610 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Patrick Trouillas
- INSERM U850, Univ. Limoges, School of Pharmacy, 2 rue du Docteur Marcland, F-87025 Limoges, France.
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, tř. 17. listopadu 12, CZ-77146 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - Vladimír Křen
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ-14220 Prague, Czech Republic.
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17
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Almeida AF, Santos CN, Ventura MR. Synthesis of New Sulfated and Glucuronated Metabolites of Dietary Phenolic Compounds Identified in Human Biological Samples. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:6460-6466. [PMID: 28198187 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b05629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
(Poly)phenols are a large group of dietary compounds present in fruits and vegetables; their consumption is associated with health beneficial effects. After ingestion, (poly)phenols suffer extensive metabolization, and the identification of their metabolites is an emerging area, because these metabolites are considered the effective bioactive molecules in the human organism. However, a lack of commercially available standards has hampered the study of metabolite bioactivity and the exact structural confirmation in biological samples. New (poly)phenol metabolites previously identified in human samples after the intake of berry juice were chemically synthesized. Efficient chemical reactions were performed with moderate to excellent yields and selectivities. These new compounds could be used as standard chemicals for confirmation of the structure of metabolites in biological samples and will also allow mechanistic studies in cellular models.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Filipa Almeida
- Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Universidade Nova de Lisboa Instituto de Tecnologia Quimica e Biologica , Apartado 12, 2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal
- Instituto de Tecnologia Quı́mica e Biológica António Xavier, NOVA-Universidade Nova de Lisboa , Av. da República, 2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Cláudia N Santos
- Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Universidade Nova de Lisboa Instituto de Tecnologia Quimica e Biologica , Apartado 12, 2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal
- Instituto de Tecnologia Quı́mica e Biológica António Xavier, NOVA-Universidade Nova de Lisboa , Av. da República, 2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - M Rita Ventura
- Instituto de Tecnologia Quı́mica e Biológica António Xavier, NOVA-Universidade Nova de Lisboa , Av. da República, 2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal
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18
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Prinsen P, Narani A, Hartog AF, Wever R, Rothenberg G. Dissolving Lignin in Water through Enzymatic Sulfation with Aryl Sulfotransferase. CHEMSUSCHEM 2017; 10:2267-2273. [PMID: 28425669 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201700376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Revised: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We introduce the concept of using site-specific sulfation of various lignins for increasing their aqueous solubility and thereby their processability. Using p-nitrophenylsulfate as a sulfate source and an aryl sulfotransferase enzyme as catalyst, lignins are easily sulfated at ambient conditions. We demonstrate the specific sulfation of phenolic hydroxyl groups on five different lignins: Indulin AT (Kraft softwood), Protobind 1000 (mixed wheat straw/Sarkanda grass soda) and three organosolv lignins. The reaction proceeds smoothly and the increase in solubility is visible to the naked eye. We then examine the reaction kinetics, and show that these are easily monitored qualitatively and quantitatively using UV/Vis spectroscopy. The UV/Vis results are validated with 31 P NMR spectroscopy of the lignin phenol groups after derivatization with phosphorylation reagent II. In general, the results are more significant with organosolv lignins, as Kraft and soda lignins are produced from aqueous lignocellulose extraction processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pepijn Prinsen
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, P.O. Box 94157, 1090GD, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anand Narani
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, P.O. Box 94157, 1090GD, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Aloysius F Hartog
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, P.O. Box 94157, 1090GD, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ron Wever
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, P.O. Box 94157, 1090GD, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gadi Rothenberg
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, P.O. Box 94157, 1090GD, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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19
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Sulfation made easy: A new versatile donor for enzymatic sulfation by a bacterial arylsulfotransferase. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2016.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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20
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Tasnádi G, Lukesch M, Zechner M, Jud W, Hall M, Ditrich K, Baldenius K, Hartog AF, Wever R, Faber K. Exploiting Acid Phosphatases in the Synthesis of Phosphorylated Monoalcohols and Diols. European J Org Chem 2015. [PMCID: PMC4736442 DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201501306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A set of phosphatases was evaluated for their potential to catalyze the regio‐ and stereoselective phosphorylation of alcohols using a high‐energy inorganic phosphate donor, such as di‐, tri‐ and polyphosphate. Parameters such as type and amount of phosphate donor and pH of the reaction were investigated in order to minimize the thermodynamically favored hydrolysis of the phosphate donor and the formed phosphate ester. Diols were monophosphorylated with high selectivities. This biocatalytic phosphorylation method provides selectively activated and/or protected synthetic intermediates for further chemical and/or enzymatic transformations and is applicable to a large scale (6.86 g) in a flow setup with immobilized phosphatase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gábor Tasnádi
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology, c/o Department of Chemistry, Organic & Bioorganic Chemistry, University of Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Michael Lukesch
- Department of Chemistry, Organic & Bioorganic Chemistry, University of Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28, 8010 Graz, Austria, http://biocatalysis.uni‐graz.at
| | - Michaela Zechner
- Department of Chemistry, Organic & Bioorganic Chemistry, University of Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28, 8010 Graz, Austria, http://biocatalysis.uni‐graz.at
| | - Wolfgang Jud
- Department of Chemistry, Organic & Bioorganic Chemistry, University of Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28, 8010 Graz, Austria, http://biocatalysis.uni‐graz.at
| | - Mélanie Hall
- Department of Chemistry, Organic & Bioorganic Chemistry, University of Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28, 8010 Graz, Austria, http://biocatalysis.uni‐graz.at
| | - Klaus Ditrich
- White Biotechnology Research Biocatalysis, BASF SE, Carl‐Bosch‐Strasse 38, 67056 Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Kai Baldenius
- White Biotechnology Research Biocatalysis, BASF SE, Carl‐Bosch‐Strasse 38, 67056 Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Aloysius F. Hartog
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ron Wever
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kurt Faber
- Department of Chemistry, Organic & Bioorganic Chemistry, University of Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28, 8010 Graz, Austria, http://biocatalysis.uni‐graz.at
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21
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Hartog AF, Wever R. Substrate Engineering and its Synthetic Utility in the Sulfation of Primary Aliphatic Alcohol Groups by a Bacterial Arylsulfotransferase. Adv Synth Catal 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201500482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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22
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Roubalová L, Purchartová K, Papoušková B, Vacek J, Křen V, Ulrichová J, Vrba J. Sulfation modulates the cell uptake, antiradical activity and biological effects of flavonoids in vitro: An examination of quercetin, isoquercitrin and taxifolin. Bioorg Med Chem 2015; 23:5402-9. [PMID: 26260337 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2015.07.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Revised: 07/24/2015] [Accepted: 07/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Quercetin 3'-O-sulfate is one of the main metabolites of the natural flavonoid quercetin in humans. This study was designed to prepare quercetin 3'-O-sulfate (1), isoquercitrin 4'-O-sulfate (2) and taxifolin 4'-O-sulfate (3) by the sulfation of quercetin, isoquercitrin (quercetin 3-O-glucoside) and taxifolin (2,3-dihydroquercetin) using the arylsulfate sulfotransferase from Desulfitobacterium hafniense, and to examine the effect of sulfation on selected biological properties of the flavonoids tested. We found that flavonoid sulfates 1-3 were weaker DPPH radical scavengers than the corresponding nonsulfated flavonoids, and that 1-3, unlike quercetin, did not induce the expression of either heme oxygenase-1 in RAW264.7 cells or cytochrome P450 1A1 in HepG2 cells. In both cell types, the cell uptake of compounds 1-3 was much lower than that of quercetin, but comparable to that of the glycoside isoquercitrin. Moreover, HPLC/MS metabolic profiling in HepG2 cells showed that flavonoid sulfates 1-3 were metabolized to a limited extent compared to the nonsulfated compounds. We conclude that sulfation of the tested flavonoids reduces their antiradical activity, and affects their cell uptake and biological activity in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lenka Roubalová
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University, Hněvotínská 3, Olomouc 77515, Czech Republic; Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University, Hněvotínská 3, Olomouc 77515, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Purchartová
- Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Vídeňská 1083, Prague 14220, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Papoušková
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 17 listopadu 12, Olomouc 77146, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Vacek
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University, Hněvotínská 3, Olomouc 77515, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimír Křen
- Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Vídeňská 1083, Prague 14220, Czech Republic
| | - Jitka Ulrichová
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University, Hněvotínská 3, Olomouc 77515, Czech Republic; Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University, Hněvotínská 3, Olomouc 77515, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Vrba
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University, Hněvotínská 3, Olomouc 77515, Czech Republic; Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University, Hněvotínská 3, Olomouc 77515, Czech Republic.
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23
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Purchartová K, Valentová K, Pelantová H, Marhol P, Cvačka J, Havlíček L, Křenková A, Vavříková E, Biedermann D, Chambers CS, Křen V. Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Aryl Sulfotransferases: Sulfation of Quercetin and Its Derivatives. ChemCatChem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201500298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kateřina Purchartová
- Institute of Microbiology; Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic; Vídeňská 1083 14220 Prague Czech Republic
- Department of Biochemistry; Faculty of Science; Charles University in Prague; Albertov 6 12843 Prague Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Valentová
- Institute of Microbiology; Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic; Vídeňská 1083 14220 Prague Czech Republic
| | - Helena Pelantová
- Institute of Microbiology; Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic; Vídeňská 1083 14220 Prague Czech Republic
| | - Petr Marhol
- Institute of Microbiology; Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic; Vídeňská 1083 14220 Prague Czech Republic
| | - Josef Cvačka
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry; Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic; Flemingovo nám. 2 16610 Prague Czech Republic
| | - Libor Havlíček
- Institute of Experimental Botany; Isotope Laboratory; Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic; Vídeňská 1083 14220 Prague Czech Republic
| | - Alena Křenková
- Institute of Microbiology; Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic; Vídeňská 1083 14220 Prague Czech Republic
| | - Eva Vavříková
- Institute of Microbiology; Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic; Vídeňská 1083 14220 Prague Czech Republic
| | - David Biedermann
- Institute of Microbiology; Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic; Vídeňská 1083 14220 Prague Czech Republic
| | - Christopher S. Chambers
- Institute of Microbiology; Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic; Vídeňská 1083 14220 Prague Czech Republic
| | - Vladimír Křen
- Institute of Microbiology; Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic; Vídeňská 1083 14220 Prague Czech Republic
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