1
|
Štěpánová S, Kašička V. Determination of physicochemical parameters of (bio)molecules and (bio)particles by capillary electromigration methods. J Sep Sci 2024; 47:e2400174. [PMID: 38867483 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202400174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
The review provides an overview of recent developments and applications of capillary electromigration (CE) methods for the determination of important physicochemical parameters of various (bio)molecules and (bio)particles. These parameters include actual and limiting (absolute) ionic mobilities, effective electrophoretic mobilities, effective charges, isoelectric points, electrokinetic potentials, hydrodynamic radii, diffusion coefficients, relative molecular masses, acidity (ionization) constants, binding constants and stoichiometry of (bio)molecular complexes, changes of Gibbs free energy, enthalpy and entropy and rate constants of chemical reactions and interactions, retention factors and partition and distribution coefficients. For the determination of these parameters, the following CE methods are employed: zone electrophoresis in a free solution or in sieving media, isotachophoresis, isoelectric focusing, affinity electrophoresis, electrokinetic chromatography, and electrochromatography. In the individual sections, the procedures for the determination of the above parameters by the particular CE methods are described.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sille Štěpánová
- Electromigration methods, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Václav Kašička
- Electromigration methods, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Boclinville A, Vandevenne M, Ambroggio E, Thelen N, Thiry M, Jacobs N, Brans A, Fillet M, Servais AC. Interaction studies between human papillomavirus virus-like particles and laminin 332 by affinity capillary electrophoresis assisted by bio-layer interferometry. Talanta 2024; 270:125602. [PMID: 38199121 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.125602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) interacts, in vitro, with laminin 332 (LN332), a key component of the extracellular matrix. In this study, we performed bio-layer interferometry (BLI) and affinity capillary electrophoresis (ACE) to investigate the binding properties of this interaction. Virus-like particles (VLPs), composed of the HPV16 L1 major capsid protein, were used as HPV model and LN332 as the VLPs binding partner. Using BLI, we quantitatively determined the kinetics of the interaction, via the measurement of VLP binding and release from LN332 immobilized onto the surface of aminopropylsilane biosensors. We found an averaged kon of 1.74 x 104 M-1s-1 and an averaged koff of 1.50 x 10-4 s-1. Furthermore, an ACE method was developed to study the interaction under physiological conditions, where the interactants are moving freely in solution, without any fluorescence labeling. Specifically, a constant amount of HPV16-VLPs was preincubated with increasing LN332 concentrations and then the samples were injected in the capillary electrophoresis instrument. A shift in the migration time of the HPV16-VLP/LN332 complexes, carrying an increasing number of LN332 molecules bound per VLP, was observed. The mobility of the complexes was found to decrease with increasing LN332 concentrations in the sample. It was used to quantify stability constant. From BLI and ACE approaches, we reported an apparent equilibrium dissociation constant in the nanomolar range (8.89 nM and 17.7 nM, respectively) for the complex between HPV16-VLPs and LN332.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aurore Boclinville
- Laboratory for the Analysis of Medicines (LAM), Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM), University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Marylène Vandevenne
- InBioS - Centre for Protein Engineering, Département des Sciences de La Vie, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Ernesto Ambroggio
- InBioS - Centre for Protein Engineering, Département des Sciences de La Vie, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Nicolas Thelen
- Cellular and Tissular Biology, GIGA-Neurosciences, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Marc Thiry
- Cellular and Tissular Biology, GIGA-Neurosciences, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Nathalie Jacobs
- Cellular and Molecular Immunology, GIGA-Research, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Alain Brans
- InBioS - Centre for Protein Engineering, Département des Sciences de La Vie, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Marianne Fillet
- Laboratory for the Analysis of Medicines (LAM), Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM), University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Anne-Catherine Servais
- Laboratory for the Analysis of Medicines (LAM), Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM), University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Deng L, Fu Q, Zhang Y, Shui F, Tang J, Wu J, Zeng J. Study of molecular interactions by nonequilibrium capillary electrophoresis of equilibrium mixtures: Originations, developments, and applications. Electrophoresis 2023; 44:1664-1673. [PMID: 37621032 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202300166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Molecular interactions play a vital role in regulating various physiological and biochemical processes in vivo. Kinetic capillary electrophoresis (KCE) is an analytical platform that offers significant advantages in studying the thermodynamic and kinetic parameters of molecular interactions. It enables the simultaneous analysis of these parameters within an interaction pattern and facilitates the screening of binding ligands with predetermined kinetic parameters. Nonequilibrium capillary electrophoresis of equilibrium mixtures (NECEEM) was the first proposed KCE method, and it has found widespread use in studying molecular interactions involving proteins/aptamers, proteins/small molecules, and peptides/small molecules. The successful applications of NECEEM have demonstrated its promising potential for further development and broader application. However, there has been a dearth of recent reviews on NECEEM. To address this gap, our study provides a comprehensive description of NECEEM, encompassing its origins, development, and applications from 2015 to 2022. The primary focus of the applications section is on aptamer selection and screening of small-molecule ligands. Furthermore, we discuss important considerations in NECEEM experimental design, such as buffer suitability, detector selection, and protein adsorption. By offering this thorough review, we aim to contribute to the understanding, advancement, and wider utilization of NECEEM as a valuable tool for studying molecular interactions and facilitating the identification of potential ligands and targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Deng
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Qifeng Fu
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Yujie Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Fan Shui
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Jia Tang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Jianming Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, P. R. China
- School of Basic Medical Science, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Jing Zeng
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wang Y, Adeoye DI, Ogunkunle EO, Wei IA, Filla RT, Roper MG. Affinity Capillary Electrophoresis: A Critical Review of the Literature from 2018 to 2020. Anal Chem 2020; 93:295-310. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c04526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yao Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, 95 Chieftain Way, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - Damilola I. Adeoye
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, 95 Chieftain Way, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - Emmanuel O. Ogunkunle
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, 95 Chieftain Way, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - I-An Wei
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, 95 Chieftain Way, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - Robert T. Filla
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, 95 Chieftain Way, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - Michael G. Roper
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, 95 Chieftain Way, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Combination of phase-solubility method and capillary zone electrophoresis to determine binding constants of cyclodextrins with practically water-insoluble compounds. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2018; 160:12-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2018.07.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Revised: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
6
|
Miyabe K. Moment analysis for reaction kinetics of intermolecular interactions. Electrophoresis 2018; 39:3032-3039. [PMID: 30156042 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201800218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Moment equations were developed on the basis of the principle of relativity for analyzing elution peak profiles measured by ACE to analytically determine the association (ka ) and dissociation (kd ) rate constants of intermolecular interactions. Basic equations representing the mass balance, mass transfer rate, and reaction kinetics in ACE system in a Galilean coordinate system S were transformed to those in another coordinate system S', which imaginarily moved with respect to S. Moment equations for ACE peaks in S' in the time domain were derived from the analytical solution of the modified basic equations in the Laplace domain. Moment equations for ACE peaks in S were derived from those in S' by the inverse Galilean transformation. The moment equations were used for analyzing some ACE data previously published to determine ka and kd values. It was demonstrated that the moment equations were effective for extracting the information about affinity kinetics of intermolecular interactions from the elution peak profiles measured by ACE. The moment equations were also used to discuss the influence of mass transfer and reaction kinetics on ACE peak profiles. Some results of the numerical calculations are also indicated in Supporting Information.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kanji Miyabe
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Rikkyo University, Toshima-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Suzuki N, Kinoshita M, Miyabe K. Kinetic Study of Chiral Intermolecular Interactions by Moment Analysis Based on Affinity Capillary Electrophoresis. Anal Chem 2018; 90:11048-11053. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b02823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nozomu Suzuki
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1 Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
| | - Mariko Kinoshita
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1 Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
| | - Kanji Miyabe
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1 Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Frontal analysis capillary electrophoresis: recent advances and future perspectives. Bioanalysis 2018; 10:1143-1159. [DOI: 10.4155/bio-2018-0051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The developments on frontal analysis capillary electrophoresis (FACE) from 2012 to 2017 to study interactions of simple and complex systems are reviewed. Most research papers focused on therapeutic drug-related studies; however, other studies include chemical sensing, drug delivery, inhibitor screening and capillary coating. New ligand–substrate systems such as template-molecularly imprinted polymer systems were reported. Comparison of FACE with other analytical techniques used to investigate binding interaction, and the determination of binding parameters using different isotherm models are also covered. In 2017, eight research papers were reported including new detection by ESI–MS. Future research direction of FACE may include high sensitivity detection and throughput screening of drugs, natural products and biomarkers for clinical diagnosis.
Collapse
|
9
|
Suzuki N, Miyabe K. Evaluation of Migration Time and Variance for Accurate Kinetic Studies Based on Affinity Capillary Electrophoresis. Anal Chem 2017; 89:10487-10495. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b02598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nozomu Suzuki
- Department of Chemistry,
College of Science, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1 Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
| | - Kanji Miyabe
- Department of Chemistry,
College of Science, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1 Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Farcaş E, Pochet L, Crommen J, Servais AC, Fillet M. Capillary electrophoresis in the context of drug discovery. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2017; 144:195-212. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Revised: 02/04/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
|
11
|
Huang Y, Yang Z, Xu H, Zhang P, Gao Z, Li H. Insulin enhances the peroxidase activity of heme by forming heme-insulin complex: Relevance to type 2 diabetes mellitus. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 102:1009-1015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.04.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Revised: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
12
|
Bettonville V, Nicol JTJ, Furst T, Thelen N, Piel G, Thiry M, Fillet M, Jacobs N, Servais AC. Quantitation and biospecific identification of virus-like particles of human papillomavirus by capillary electrophoresis. Talanta 2017; 175:325-330. [PMID: 28841998 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2017.07.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Revised: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Capillary electrophoresis (CE) for HPV-VLP quantitation is a very interesting alternative technique compared to those currently used in viral analysis, such as SDS-PAGE, Western blot or protein assay that are destructive and semi-quantitative or non specific. In this study, the quantitative performance of the CE method was evaluated. A main issue in virus quantitation is the absence of reference material. Therefore, the concentration of a HPV16-VLP sample produced in the laboratory was determined using ELISA with Gardasil®, after adjuvant dissolution, as reference material and conformational H16.V5 antibody. HPV16-VLP concentration was found to influence particles electrophoretic mobility until a plateau was reached for concentrations ≤ 50µgml-1. As zeta potential is directly proportional to the electrophoretic mobility, it was measured at different HPV-VLP concentrations and the results were in complete accordance with the measured electrophoretic mobilities. The concentration dependence of the electrophoretic mobility could be explained by an overlap of the electrical double layers of adjacent particles. The HPV16-VLP peak identity was demonstrated unequivocally by the study of HPV16-VLP/H16.V5 antibody complex formation using affinity CE. Finally, the CE method was successfully validated following the ICH Q2R1 guidelines. To overcome the sample heterogeneity issue, a well-designed sample preparation was used. Considering sample complexity, validation results were satisfactory with maximum repeatability and intermediate precision RSD of 12.2% and a maximum relative bias of 1.4%.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Virginie Bettonville
- Laboratory for the Analysis of Medicines (LAM), Dept. of Pharmaceutical Sciences, CIRM, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Jérôme T J Nicol
- Cellular and Molecular Immunology, GIGA-Research University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Tania Furst
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Dept. of Pharmaceutical Sciences, CIRM, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Nicolas Thelen
- Cellular and Tissular Biology, GIGA-Neurosciences, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Géraldine Piel
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Dept. of Pharmaceutical Sciences, CIRM, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Marc Thiry
- Cellular and Tissular Biology, GIGA-Neurosciences, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Marianne Fillet
- Laboratory for the Analysis of Medicines (LAM), Dept. of Pharmaceutical Sciences, CIRM, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Nathalie Jacobs
- Cellular and Molecular Immunology, GIGA-Research University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Anne-Catherine Servais
- Laboratory for the Analysis of Medicines (LAM), Dept. of Pharmaceutical Sciences, CIRM, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Mukhitov N, Yi L, Schrell AM, Roper MG. Optimization of a microfluidic electrophoretic immunoassay using a Peltier cooler. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1367:154-60. [PMID: 25263064 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.09.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2014] [Revised: 09/12/2014] [Accepted: 09/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Successful analysis of electrophoretic affinity assays depends strongly on the preservation of the affinity complex during separations. Elevated separation temperatures due to Joule heating promotes complex dissociation leading to a reduction in sensitivity. Affinity assays performed in glass microfluidic devices may be especially prone to this problem due to poor heat dissipation due to the low thermal conductivity of glass and the large amount of bulk material surrounding separation channels. To address this limitation, a method to cool a glass microfluidic chip for performing an affinity assay for insulin was achieved by a Peltier cooler localized over the separation channel. The Peltier cooler allowed for rapid stabilization of temperatures, with 21°C the lowest temperature that was possible to use without producing detrimental thermal gradients throughout the device. The introduction of cooling improved the preservation of the affinity complex, with even passive cooling of the separation channel improving the amount of complex observed by 2-fold. Additionally, the capability to thermostabilize the separation channel allowed for utilization of higher separation voltages than what was possible without temperature control. Kinetic CE analysis was utilized as a diagnostic of the affinity assay and indicated that optimal conditions were at the highest separation voltage, 6 kV, and the lowest separation temperature, 21°C, leading to 3.4% dissociation of the complex peak during the separation. These optimum conditions were used to generate a calibration curve and produced 1 nM limits of detection, representing a 10-fold improvement over non-thermostated conditions. This methodology of cooling glass microfluidic devices for performing robust and high sensitivity affinity assays on microfluidic systems should be amenable in a number of applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Mukhitov
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, 95 Chieftain Way, Dittmer Building, Tallahassee, FL 32306, United States
| | - Lian Yi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, 95 Chieftain Way, Dittmer Building, Tallahassee, FL 32306, United States
| | - Adrian M Schrell
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, 95 Chieftain Way, Dittmer Building, Tallahassee, FL 32306, United States
| | - Michael G Roper
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, 95 Chieftain Way, Dittmer Building, Tallahassee, FL 32306, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Deng B, Lin Y, Wang C, Li F, Wang Z, Zhang H, Li XF, Le XC. Aptamer binding assays for proteins: the thrombin example--a review. Anal Chim Acta 2014; 837:1-15. [PMID: 25000852 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2014.04.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 257] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2014] [Revised: 04/26/2014] [Accepted: 04/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Experimentally selected single-stranded DNA and RNA aptamers are able to bind to specific target molecules with high affinity and specificity. Many analytical methods make use of affinity binding between the specific targets and their aptamers. In the development of these methods, thrombin is the most frequently used target molecule to demonstrate the proof-of-principle. This paper critically reviews more than one hundred assays that are based on aptamer binding to thrombin. This review focuses on homogeneous binding assays, electrochemical aptasensors, and affinity separation techniques. The emphasis of this review is placed on understanding the principles and unique features of the assays. The principles of most assays for thrombin are applicable to the determination of other molecular targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Deng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2G3, Canada
| | - Yanwen Lin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Chuan Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2G3, Canada
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2G3, Canada
| | - Zhixin Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2G3, Canada
| | - Hongquan Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2G3, Canada
| | - Xing-Fang Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2G3, Canada
| | - X Chris Le
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2G3, Canada; Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2G2, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Dvořák M, Svobodová J, Beneš M, Gaš B. Applicability and limitations of affinity capillary electrophoresis and vacancy affinity capillary electrophoresis methods for determination of complexation constants. Electrophoresis 2013; 34:761-7. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201200581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2012] [Revised: 11/29/2012] [Accepted: 11/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Dvořák
- Faculty of Science, Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry; Charles University in Prague; Prague; Czech Republic
| | - Jana Svobodová
- Faculty of Science, Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry; Charles University in Prague; Prague; Czech Republic
| | - Martin Beneš
- Faculty of Science, Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry; Charles University in Prague; Prague; Czech Republic
| | - Bohuslav Gaš
- Faculty of Science, Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry; Charles University in Prague; Prague; Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
|
17
|
Ye F, Xie Y, Jensen H, Larsen SW, Yaghmur A, Larsen C, Østergaard J. Interaction of Amino Acid and Dipeptide β-Naphthylamide Derivatives with Hyaluronic Acid and Human Serum Albumin Studied by Capillary Electrophoresis Frontal Analysis. Chromatographia 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-012-2369-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
18
|
Franzen U, Østergaard J. Physico-chemical characterization of liposomes and drug substance–liposome interactions in pharmaceutics using capillary electrophoresis and electrokinetic chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1267:32-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2012] [Revised: 07/02/2012] [Accepted: 07/06/2012] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
|
19
|
Kiessig S, Stettler A, Fuhrimann S, Schwarz MA. Affinity Capillary Electrophoresis as a Tool to Characterize Intermolecular Interactions. Supramol Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/9780470661345.smc035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
20
|
Espada A, Molina-Martin M. Capillary electrophoresis and small molecule drug discovery: a perfect match? Drug Discov Today 2012; 17:396-404. [PMID: 22387356 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2012.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2011] [Revised: 12/19/2011] [Accepted: 02/10/2012] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Capillary electrophoresis (CE) is an analytical technique based on the separation of the analytes within a capillary owing to their different electrophoretic mobilities. It is widely used in pharmaceutical analyses owing to its versatility and high separation power. However, its penetration into the drug discovery scene has been relatively limited until recent years. Several factors have contributed to this low implementation, including the maturity of liquid chromatography, the scarcity of experienced CE practitioners, and certain limitations intrinsic to the technique. Recently, instrumental improvements and the growing demand for analytical information have lead to a continuously expanding range of routine electrophoretic applications throughout pharmaceutical discovery and development. In this article we review CE fundamentals, review well-established CE methodologies in drug discovery of small molecules and discuss trends that, in our opinion, might emerge in the coming years.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alfonso Espada
- Analytical Technologies Department, Centro de Investigación Lilly SA, Avda de la Industria 30, 28108-Alcobendas, Madrid, Spain
| | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Cheng CI, Chang YP, Chu YH. Biomolecular interactions and tools for their recognition: focus on the quartz crystal microbalance and its diverse surface chemistries and applications. Chem Soc Rev 2012; 41:1947-71. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cs15168a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
22
|
de Jong S, Krylov SN. Pressure-based approach for the analysis of protein adsorption in capillary electrophoresis. Anal Chem 2011; 84:453-8. [PMID: 22107082 DOI: 10.1021/ac2030333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Protein adsorption to inner capillary walls creates a major obstacle in all applications of capillary electrophoresis involving protein samples. The problem is especially severe in kinetic capillary electrophoresis (KCE) techniques, which are used to study protein-ligand interactions at physiological conditions and, thus, cannot utilize extreme pH. A variety of coatings exist to reduce protein adsorption in CE, each expressing a unique surface chemistry that interacts with individual proteins differently. Here we introduce a simple pressure-based method for the qualitative assessment of protein adsorption that can facilitate the direct antiadhesive ranking of several coatings toward a protein of interest. In this approach, a short plug of the protein is injected into a capillary and propagated through with a pressure low enough to ensure adequate Taylor dispersion. The experiment is performed with a nonmodified commercial instrument in a pseudo-two-detector approach. The two detectors are mimicked by using two different distances from the capillary inlet to a single detector. If the peak area and shape do not change with changing distance, the protein does not adsorb appreciably, while a decreasing peak area with increasing distance infers inner surface adsorption. The magnitude change of the peak area between the two distances along with the overall peak shape is used to gauge the extent of protein adsorption. By using this method, we ranked antiadhesive properties of different wall chemistries for a series of proteins. The described method will be useful for optimizing protein analysis by CE and, in particular, for KCE experiments that investigate how proteins interact with their respective ligands.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie de Jong
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Research on Biomolecular Interactions, York University, Toronto, Ontario M3J 1P3, Canada
| | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Yuan C, Yi L, Yang Z, Deng Q, Huang Y, Li H, Gao Z. Amyloid beta–heme peroxidase promoted protein nitrotyrosination: relevance to widespread protein nitration in Alzheimer’s disease. J Biol Inorg Chem 2011; 17:197-207. [DOI: 10.1007/s00775-011-0842-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2011] [Accepted: 08/31/2011] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
|
24
|
Pedersen JT, Østergaard J, Rozlosnik N, Gammelgaard B, Heegaard NHH. Cu(II) mediates kinetically distinct, non-amyloidogenic aggregation of amyloid-beta peptides. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:26952-63. [PMID: 21642429 PMCID: PMC3143654 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.220863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2011] [Revised: 05/30/2011] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Cu(II) ions are implicated in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer disease by influencing the aggregation of the amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide. Elucidating the underlying Cu(II)-induced Aβ aggregation is paramount for understanding the role of Cu(II) in the pathology of Alzheimer disease. The aim of this study was to characterize the qualitative and quantitative influence of Cu(II) on the extracellular aggregation mechanism and aggregate morphology of Aβ(1-40) using spectroscopic, microelectrophoretic, mass spectrometric, and ultrastructural techniques. We found that the Cu(II):Aβ ratio in solution has a major influence on (i) the aggregation kinetics/mechanism of Aβ, because three different kinetic scenarios were observed depending on the Cu(II):Aβ ratio, (ii) the metal:peptide stoichiometry in the aggregates, which increased to 1.4 at supra-equimolar Cu(II):Aβ ratio; and (iii) the morphology of the aggregates, which shifted from fibrillar to non-fibrillar at increasing Cu(II):Aβ ratios. We observed dynamic morphological changes of the aggregates, and that the formation of spherical aggregates appeared to be a common morphological end point independent on the Cu(II) concentration. Experiments with Aβ(1-42) were compatible with the conclusions for Aβ(1-40) even though the low solubility of Aβ(1-42) precluded examination under the same conditions as for the Aβ(1-40). Experiments with Aβ(1-16) and Aβ(1-28) showed that other parts than the Cu(II)-binding His residues were important for Cu(II)-induced Aβ aggregation. Based on this study we propose three mechanistic models for the Cu(II)-induced aggregation of Aβ(1-40) depending on the Cu(II):Aβ ratio, and identify key reaction steps that may be feasible targets for preventing Cu(II)-associated aggregation or toxicity in Alzheimer disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeppe T. Pedersen
- From the Department of Pharmaceutics and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jesper Østergaard
- From the Department of Pharmaceutics and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Noemi Rozlosnik
- the Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology, Technical University of Denmark, Ørsted plads, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark, and
| | - Bente Gammelgaard
- From the Department of Pharmaceutics and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Niels H. H. Heegaard
- the Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunology, Statens Serum Institut, Artillerivej 5, DK-2300 Copenhagen, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Yang L, Tucker IG, Østergaard J. Effects of bile salts on propranolol distribution into liposomes studied by capillary electrophoresis. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2011; 56:553-9. [PMID: 21784594 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2011.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2011] [Revised: 05/31/2011] [Accepted: 06/24/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to study the effect of four different bile salts, cholate (C), deoxycholate (DC), taurocholate (TC), monoketocholate (MKC), on the membrane binding of a cationic model drug, propranolol, using capillary electrophoresis. The apparent distribution coefficient of propranolol in a buffer/liposome system, in the absence and presence of various concentrations of the bile salts, was measured using capillary electrophoresis frontal analysis. At bile salt concentrations which did not disrupt the liposomes, the bile salts increased the apparent distribution coefficient of propranolol in a concentration-dependent manner, to various extents (DC>C>TC>MKC). The mechanisms for these increases were inferred from studies of ion pairing between bile salts and propranolol using mobility shift affinity capillary electrophoresis and from zeta potential measurements. The bile salts ion-paired with propranolol to different extents as indicated by the estimated complexation constants (K range: 30-58 M(-1)). This was found to have a minor effect on the membrane distribution of propranolol only. The major effect is proposed to be due to the insertion of bile salt into the liposomal membranes leading to a more negatively charged membrane surface thereby providing stronger electrostatic interactions with the positively charged propranolol.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Yang
- School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Franzen U, Vermehren C, Jensen H, Østergaard J. Physicochemical characterization of a PEGylated liposomal drug formulation using capillary electrophoresis. Electrophoresis 2011; 32:738-48. [PMID: 21365657 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201000552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2010] [Revised: 12/21/2010] [Accepted: 12/27/2010] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
In this work, the applicability of using CE to perform a physicochemical characterization of a PEGylated liposomal drug formulation of the anti-cancer agent oxaliplatin was examined. Characterization of the liposomal drug formulation using CE instrumentation encompassed: determination of the electrophoretic mobilities, size determination by Taylor dispersion analysis and interaction studies. Electrophoretic mobilities determined by CE were compared with the results obtained by laser Doppler electrophoresis, which were found to be subject to larger variation. Average hydrodynamic diameters of the liposome preparations, as determined by Taylor dispersion analysis, were in the range of 61-84 nm and were compared with the results obtained by dynamic light scattering. Interactions between oxaliplatin (and paracetamol) and the PEGylated liposome were non-detectable by CE frontal analysis as well as by liposome electrokinetic chromatography. In contrast, for the more lipophilic compound propranolol, apparent liposome-aqueous phase distribution coefficients (D(lip) ) were successfully determined by both electrokinetic chromatography (log D(lip) =2.10) and by CE frontal analysis (log D(lip) =2.14). It is envisioned that CE and capillary-based techniques, including Taylor dispersion analysis, will be useful tools for the characterization of nanoparticulate (e.g. liposomal) drug formulations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ulrik Franzen
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Improvement of a capillary electrophoresis/frontal analysis (CE/FA) method for determining binding constants: Discussion on relevant parameters. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2010; 53:1288-97. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2010.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2010] [Revised: 07/05/2010] [Accepted: 07/18/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
28
|
Musheev MU, Filiptsev Y, Okhonin V, Krylov SN. Electric Field Destabilizes Noncovalent Protein−DNA Complexes. J Am Chem Soc 2010; 132:13639-41. [DOI: 10.1021/ja105754h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael U. Musheev
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Research on Biomolecular Interactions, York University, Toronto, Ontario, M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Yuri Filiptsev
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Research on Biomolecular Interactions, York University, Toronto, Ontario, M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Victor Okhonin
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Research on Biomolecular Interactions, York University, Toronto, Ontario, M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Sergey N. Krylov
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Research on Biomolecular Interactions, York University, Toronto, Ontario, M3J 1P3, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Vuignier K, Schappler J, Veuthey JL, Carrupt PA, Martel S. Drug-protein binding: a critical review of analytical tools. Anal Bioanal Chem 2010; 398:53-66. [PMID: 20454782 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-010-3737-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 271] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2010] [Revised: 04/08/2010] [Accepted: 04/08/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The extent of drug binding to plasma proteins, determined by measuring the free active fraction, has a significant effect on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of a drug. It is therefore highly important to estimate drug-binding ability to these macromolecules in the early stages of drug discovery and in clinical practice. Traditionally, equilibrium dialysis is used, and is presented as the reference method, but it suffers from many drawbacks. In an attempt to circumvent these, a vast array of different methods has been developed. This review focuses on the most important approaches used to characterize drug-protein binding. A description of the principle of each method with its inherent strengths and weaknesses is outlined. The binding affinity ranges, information accessibility, material consumption, and throughput are compared for each method. Finally, a discussion is included to help users choose the most suitable approach from among the wealth of methods presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karine Vuignier
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, Quai E-Ansermet 30, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Moeller EH, Holst B, Nielsen LH, Pedersen PS, Østergaard J. Stability, liposome interaction, and in vivo pharmacology of ghrelin in liposomal suspensions. Int J Pharm 2010; 390:13-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2009.05.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2009] [Revised: 05/26/2009] [Accepted: 05/29/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
31
|
Study of nobiletin binding to bovine serum albumin by capillary electrophoresis-frontal analysis and circular dichroism. Biomed Chromatogr 2010; 24:1023-8. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.1403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
32
|
|
33
|
Østergaard J, Moeller EH. Ghrelin-liposome interactions: Characterization of liposomal formulations of an acylated 28-amino acid peptide using CE. Electrophoresis 2010; 31:339-45. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.200900394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
34
|
Østergaard J, Jensen H. Simultaneous Evaluation of Ligand Binding Properties and Protein Size by Electrophoresis and Taylor Dispersion in Capillaries. Anal Chem 2009; 81:8644-8. [DOI: 10.1021/ac901419x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jesper Østergaard
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henrik Jensen
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Kalish H, Phillips TM. Application of immunoaffinity capillary electrophoresis to the measurements of secreted cytokines by cultured astrocytes. J Sep Sci 2009; 32:1605-12. [PMID: 19472286 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200900047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The ability of the central nervous system (CNS) to act in conjunction with the immune system has been of great interest to both neurobiologists and immunologists. Previous studies have shown that astrocytes can be stimulated, by various peptides, to act as immune regulators within the CNS and release cytokines and chemokines. However, the regulatory mechanism of astrocytes is still poorly understood. Our present study describes a micro-device capable of monitoring the growth and stimulation of 20 astrocytes by vasoactive intestinal peptide. A microdialysis needle was used to collect the secretion by products, which were analyzed by immunoaffinity capillary electrophoresis (ICE) for the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, IL-1alpha, IL-1beta, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha; hemopoietic cytokines, IL-3, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF), granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF); and chemokines; regulated upon activation normal T-cell expression sequence (RANTES), macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1alpha and MIP-1beta. Vasoactive intestinal peptide stimulated astrocytes showed an almost immediate release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, with an increase over baseline ranging from 3 to 15 fold, while no substantial increase over baseline was observed for hemopoietic cytokines. This system demonstrates the ability to isolate individual cells in a closely controlled environment and identify and quantify their analytes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heather Kalish
- Ultramicro Immunodiagnostics Section, Laboratory of Bioengineering and Physical Science, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Franzen U, Jorgensen L, Larsen C, Heegaard NHH, Østergaard J. Determination of liposome-buffer distribution coefficients of charged drugs by capillary electrophoresis frontal analysis. Electrophoresis 2009; 30:2711-9. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.200900013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
37
|
|
38
|
Østergaard J, Jensen H, Holm R. Use of correction factors in mobility shift affinity capillary electrophoresis for weak analyte - ligand interactions. J Sep Sci 2009; 32:1712-21. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200900062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
39
|
Giovannoli C, Baggiani C, Anfossi L, Giraudi G. Aptamers and molecularly imprinted polymers as artificial biomimetic receptors in affinity capillary electrophoresis and electrochromatography. Electrophoresis 2008; 29:3349-65. [PMID: 18646281 DOI: 10.1002/elps.200800004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Artificial biomimetic receptors, such as aptamers and molecular-imprinted polymers, show antibody-like properties which are due to molecular recognition phenomena characterized by high affinity and selectivity. These binding features have made them suitable in all those application fields in which selective recognition is required. Thus, it is not surprising that they are finding applications in affinity CE as well. Recently, a variety of ACE methods have shown themselves to be suitable tools to provide a detailed quantitative characterization of the thermodynamic and kinetic aspects of binding. At the same time, affinity CE can exploit the peculiarities of these binding interactions to set up CE-based analytical tools for the separation and the determination of specific target molecules in microscale formats. This review will provide a detailed description of affinity CE methods recently reported in the literature and related to these topics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Giovannoli
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Torino, Via Giuria 5, Torino, Italy.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Chen Z, Weber SG. Determination of binding constants by affinity capillary electrophoresis, electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and phase-distribution methods. Trends Analyt Chem 2008; 27:738-748. [PMID: 19802330 PMCID: PMC2600677 DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2008.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Many methods for determining intermolecular interactions have been described in the literature in the past several decades. Chief among them are methods based on spectroscopic changes, particularly those based on absorption or nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) [especially proton NMR ((1)H NMR)]. Recently, there have been put forward several new methods that are particularly adaptable, use very small quantities of material, and do not place severe requirements on the spectroscopic properties of the binding partners. This review covers new developments in affinity capillary electrophoresis, electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) and phasetransfer methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Stephen G. Weber
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Recent applications of capillary electrophoresis–mass spectrometry (CE–MS): CE performing functions beyond separation. Anal Chim Acta 2008; 627:3-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2008.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2008] [Revised: 04/02/2008] [Accepted: 04/08/2008] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
42
|
Østergaard J, Jorgensen L, Engelbrecht Thomsen A, Weng Larsen S, Larsen C, Jensen H. Drug-liposome distribution phenomena studied by capillary electrophoresis-frontal analysis. Electrophoresis 2008; 29:3320-4. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.200700757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
43
|
Liu S, Wang H, Song M, Yin J, Jiang G. Study of protein binding and micellar partition of highly hydrophobic molecules in a single system using capillary electrophoresis. Electrophoresis 2008; 29:3038-46. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.200800016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
|
44
|
Kanayama N, Takarada T, Kimura A, Shibata H, Maeda M. Affinity capillary electrophoretic DNA separation using PEG-oligodeoxyribonucleotide block copolymers: relationship between peak resolution and affinity strength. J Sep Sci 2008; 31:837-44. [PMID: 18300210 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200700521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Capillary electrophoretic separation of chemically synthesized ssDNA and a single-base-substituted one (normal and mutant ssDNA, respectively) was demonstrated using a PEG-oligodeoxyribonucleotide block copolymer (PEG-b-ODN) as an affinity ligand. When the base sequence of PEG-b-ODN was designed to be complementary to part of normal ssDNA including the base-substituted site, the electrophoretic mobility of normal ssDNA significantly decreased whereas that of mutant ssDNA slightly changed. Resolution of the separation strongly depended on the ODN length of the copolymer, the capillary temperature, and the Mg2+ concentration in the running buffer, indicating that the retardation of migration of normal ssDNA was induced by the reversible hybridization with PEG-b-ODN. It was found that the dissociation constant (K(d)) of the duplex between normal ssDNA and the affinity probe ODN should be smaller than 10(-6) M to achieve the good peak separation. In addition, we calculated the mobility of the complex (mu(C)) between normal ssDNA and PEG-b-ODN using a two-state model. The base sequence of affinity probe ODN appropriate to achieve the sufficient resolution will be predicted on the basis of the mu(C) and K(d )values.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Kanayama
- Bioengineering Laboratory, RIKEN, Saitama, Japan. Fax: +81-48-462-4658
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Pedersen JT, Østergaard J, Houen G, Heegaard NHH. Affinity capillary electrophoresis for identification and investigation of human Gc-globulin (vitamin D-binding protein) and its isoforms interacting with G-actin. Electrophoresis 2008; 29:1723-33. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.200700618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
46
|
Holm R, Hartvig RA, Nicolajsen HV, Westh P, Østergaard J. Characterization of the complexation of tauro- and glyco-conjugated bile salts with γ-cyclodextrin and 2-hydroxypropyl-γ-cyclodextrin using affinity capillary electrophoresis. J INCL PHENOM MACRO 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/s10847-008-9409-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
47
|
Zhang H, Li XF, Le XC. Tunable aptamer capillary electrophoresis and its application to protein analysis. J Am Chem Soc 2007; 130:34-5. [PMID: 18072778 DOI: 10.1021/ja0778747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A tunable aptamer electrophoretic assay enables highly sensitive fluorescence detection of multiple proteins and protein isomers. The electrophoretic mobility of proteins is tuned with DNA aptamers binding to the target proteins. Fluorescently labeled aptamers of varying nucleotide lengths serve as both charge modulators for capillary electrophoresis separation and as fluorescent affinity probes for ultrasensitive laser-induced fluorescence detection. Simultaneous determination of pM levels of human immunodeficiency virus reverse transcriptase, thrombin, human immunoglobulin E, and two isomers of platelet-derived growth factor in dilute human serum demonstrates the potential applications of this assay to biomarker development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongquan Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2G3
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Deryabina MA, Hansen SH, Jensen H. Molecular Interactions in Lipophilic Environments Studied by Electrochemistry at Interfaces between Immiscible Electrolyte Solutions. Anal Chem 2007; 80:203-8. [DOI: 10.1021/ac071276t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria A. Deryabina
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Steen H. Hansen
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henrik Jensen
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Munson MS, Meacham JM, Locascio LE, Ross D. Counterflow Rejection of Adsorbing Proteins for Characterization of Biomolecular Interactions by Temperature Gradient Focusing. Anal Chem 2007; 80:172-8. [DOI: 10.1021/ac701900m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew S. Munson
- Biochemical Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899
| | - J. Mark Meacham
- Biochemical Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899
| | - Laurie E. Locascio
- Biochemical Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899
| | - David Ross
- Biochemical Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Jensen H, Ostergaard J, Thomsen AE, Hansen SH. CE frontal analysis based on simultaneous UV and contactless conductivity detection: A general setup for studying noncovalent interactions. Electrophoresis 2007; 28:322-7. [PMID: 17203508 DOI: 10.1002/elps.200600365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
CE frontal analysis (CE-FA) has been established as a powerful tool to study noncovalent interactions between macromolecules and small molecules such as drug substances or pharmaceutical excipients. However, when using traditional commercial CE instrumentation, a serious drawback is related to the fact that only UV-active compounds can be studied. In recent years, contactless conductivity detection has become an attractive alternative to UV detection in CE due to its high versatility. In this study, we combine contactless conductivity detection and UV detection in a highly versatile setup for profiling noncovalent interactions between low-molecular-weight molecules and macromolecules. In the case of molecules having a chromophore the setup allows determination of binding constants using two independent detectors. The new contactless conductivity detection cell is compatible with commercial CE instrumentation and is therefore easily implemented in any analysis laboratory with CE expertise.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Henrik Jensen
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Analytical Chemistry, The Danish University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|