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Yu Q, Wang G, Shao Z, Sun Y, Yang Z. Changes in life history parameters and expression of key genes of Brachionus plicatilis exposed to a combination of organic and inorganic ultraviolet filters. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 358:142213. [PMID: 38697570 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
The increasing use of ultraviolet filters has become an emerging contaminant on the coast, posing potential ecological risks. Rotifers are essential components of marine ecosystems, serving as an association between primary producers and higher-level consumers. These organisms frequently encounter ultraviolet filters in coastal waters. This study aimed to assess the comprehensive effects of organic ultraviolet filters, specifically 2-ethylhexyl-4-methoxycinnamate (EHMC), and inorganic ultraviolet filters, namely, titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs), on the rotifer Brachionus plicatilis. We exposed B. plicatilis to multiple combinations of different concentrations of EHMC and TiO2 NPs to observe changes in life history parameters and the expression of genes related to reproduction and antioxidant responses. Our findings indicated that increased EHMC concentrations significantly delayed the age at first reproduction, reduced the total offspring, and led to considerable alterations in the expression of genes associated with reproduction and stress. Exposure to TiO2 NPs resulted in earlier reproduction and decreased total offspring, although these changes were not synchronised in gene expression. The two ultraviolet filters had a significant interaction on the age at first reproduction and the total offspring of rotifer, with these interactions extending to the first generation. This research offers new insights into the comprehensive effects of different types of ultraviolet filters on rotifers by examining life history parameters and gene expression related to reproduction and stress, highlighting the importance of understanding the impacts of sunscreen products on zooplankton health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Gongyuan Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Zhihao Shao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yunfei Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Zhou Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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2
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Moro H, Raldúa D, Barata C. Developmental defects in cognition, metabolic and cardiac function following maternal exposures to low environmental levels of selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors and tributyltin in Daphnia magna. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 917:170463. [PMID: 38290680 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Aquatic organisms are exposed to low concentrations of neuro-active chemicals, many of them acting also as neuroendocrine disruptors that can be hazardous during earlier embryonic stages. The present study aims to assess how exposure early in live to environmental low concentrations of two selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), fluoxetine and sertraline, and tributyltin (TBT) affected cognitive, metabolic and cardiac responses in the model aquatic crustacean Daphnia magna. To that end, newly brooded females were exposed for an entire reproductive cycle (3-4 days) and the response of collected juveniles in the first, second and third consecutive broods, which were exposed, respectively, as embryos, provisioned and un-provisioned egg stages, was monitored. Pre-exposure to the selected SSRIs during embryonic and egg developmental stages altered the swimming behaviour of D. magna juveniles to light in a similar way reported elsewhere by serotonergic compounds while TBT altered cognition disrupting multiple neurological signalling routes. The studied compounds also altered body size, the amount of storage lipids in lipid droplets, heart rate, oxygen consumption rates and the transcription of related serotonergic, dopaminergic and lipid metabolic genes in new-born individuals, mostly pre-exposed during their embryonic and provisioning egg stages. The obtained cognitive, cardiac and metabolic defects in juveniles developed from exposed sensitive pre-natal stages align with the "Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DoHAD)" paradigm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Moro
- Institute for Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Demetrio Raldúa
- Institute for Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlos Barata
- Institute for Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18, 08034 Barcelona, Spain.
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3
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de Paula VDCS, Gomes MF, Martins LRR, Yamamoto FY, de Freitas AM. Acute toxicity characterization of organic UV-filters and chronic exposure revealing multigenerational effects in DAPHNIA MAGNA. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2022; 31:1413-1425. [PMID: 36264527 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-022-02598-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Organic ultraviolet (UV) filters have often been detected in aquatic ecosystems in concentrations ranging from ng/L to μg/L. However, both their acute and chronic effects on aquatic organisms have been insufficiently explored. This study aimed to evaluate acute toxicity of some of the main UV filters used worldwide (2-ethylhexyl,4-methoxycinnamate/EHMC, avobenzone/AVO, benzophenone-3/BP-3, and octocrylene/OC), in three aquatic organisms (Artemia salina, Desmodesmus subspicatus, and Daphnia magna), and to further investigate multigenerational effects in D. magna. After acute toxicity was confirmed, daphnids were chronically exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations of UV filters for two consecutive generations (F0 and F1), and reproductive endpoints, as well as catalase (CAT) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activities, were assessed. EHMC showed the most toxic potential, with the lowest EC50 values for the three organisms. On the other hand, reproductive delays and a decrease in the reproduction rate were observed in the F1 generation exposed to AVO (4.4 µg/L), BP-3 (0.17 µg/L), EHMC (0.2 µg/L), and MIX. An increase of the CAT activity in organisms exposed to BP-3 and EHMC suggested induction of the antioxidant system. Although no reproductive effect was observed in the first generation, toxic effects obtained in the F1 revealed the importance of multigenerational studies and the potential harm of UV filters to the life cycle of D. magna, even at environmentally relevant concentrations. This emphasizes the need for further studies considering these levels of exposure and more realistic experimental designs to better understand their potential risks. Environmentally relevant concentrations of Organic UV filters are not lethal to aquatic organisms, however may affect reproductive parameters in Daphnia magna though multigenerational exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinícius de C S de Paula
- Laboratory of Ecotoxicology, Department of Chemistry and Biology, Federal University of Technology-Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Monike F Gomes
- Laboratory of Ecotoxicology, Department of Chemistry and Biology, Federal University of Technology-Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Lucia Regina R Martins
- Multiuser Laboratory of Environmental Analysis, Federal University of Technology-Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Flávia Y Yamamoto
- Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, São Vicente, Brazil
| | - Adriane Martins de Freitas
- Laboratory of Ecotoxicology, Department of Chemistry and Biology, Federal University of Technology-Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.
- Multiuser Laboratory of Environmental Analysis, Federal University of Technology-Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.
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Maggio SA, Jenkins JJ. Multi- and Trans-Generational Effects on Daphnia Magna of Chlorpyrifos Exposures. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2022; 41:1054-1065. [PMID: 34964987 DOI: 10.1002/etc.5283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Chlorpyrifos, a broad-spectrum neurotoxic organophosphate insecticide, is subject to atmospheric and hydrolytic transport from application sites to aquatic ecosystems. Across the landscape, concentrations in surface water can vary spatially and temporally according to seasonal use practices. Standardized bioassays can provide a screening-level understanding of aquatic receptor acute and chronic toxicity. However, these bioassays do not address ecologically relevant exposure patterns that may impact fitness and survival within and across generations. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the utility of a second-tier, screening-level methodology employing Daphnia magna multi- and transgenerational bioassays spanning four generations to investigate the effect of variable chronic chlorpyrifos exposure. The multigenerational assay consisted of continuous chlorpyrifos exposure across four consecutive 21-day bioassays using progeny from the previous assay for each successive generation. In the transgenerational assay, only the parent (F0) generation was exposed. For both assays, survival and reproduction were assessed across treatments and generations. Results indicated that (1) following continuous chlorpyrifos exposure at ecologically relevant concentrations to four generations of D. magna, the highest treatment showed an apparent tolerance response for both survival and reproductive success in the F3 generation, and (2) chlorpyrifos exposure to the F0 generation did not result in treatment effects in the unexposed F1, F2, and F3 generations in the apical endpoints of survival and reproduction. Employing a suite of acute and chronic bioassays, including chronic exposures spanning multiple generations, allows for a more robust screening-level evaluation of the potential impact of chlorpyrifos on aquatic receptors for variable periods of exposure. Environ Toxicol Chem 2022;41:1054-1065. © 2021 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie A Maggio
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - Jeffrey J Jenkins
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
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Rodríguez-Miguel A, Hernández-Zamora M, Martínez-Jerónimo L, Martínez-Jerónimo F. Exposure to sublethal concentrations of the glyphosate-based herbicide Faena® increases sensitivity in the progeny of the American cladoceran Daphnia exilis (Herrick, 1895). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:38094-38105. [PMID: 33725304 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13259-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The use of herbicides has increased over the last decades. Glyphosate is the most widely used herbicide commercialized in more than 750 formulations. While information about glyphosate's toxicity on different non-target aquatic organisms has been vastly documented, we know little about the transgenerational effects in aquatic biota. This study determined the cross-generation effects produced by the glyphosate-based herbicide Faena® on the American cladoceran Daphnia exilis. Measured endpoints were survival, reproductive responses, metabolic biomarkers, and the size of neonates. D. exilis was exposed to glyphosate concentrations of 2.09, 2.49, and 3.15 (mg L-1) (as content in Faena®) during 21 days starting from neonates, at 25°C, 16:8 photoperiod, fed with 8 × 105 cells mL-1 of Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata. The LC50 was 4.22 mg L-1. Survival, accumulated progeny, and the number of clutches in the parental generation (P1) were significantly higher than those observed in the first generation (F1). Exposure to the herbicide completely inhibited reproduction in the F1. The size of the neonates varied among treatments and broods in P1; nevertheless, neonate size (body and total lengths, as well as body width) was significantly affected in F1. Toxic effects on the survival and reproduction of D. exilis were significantly increased in the F1 exposed to Faena®. Results warn about the augmented effect on progeny where parents were exposed to this herbicide. Multigenerational adverse effects could be expected in freshwater zooplankton exposed to Faena®. The frequently claimed low toxicity of glyphosate must be revised to control the indiscriminate use of this herbicide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alma Rodríguez-Miguel
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Laboratorio de Hidrobiología Experimental, Prol. Carpio y Plan de Ayala s/n, Col. Santo Tomás, 11340, Mexico City, CDMX, Mexico
| | - Miriam Hernández-Zamora
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Laboratorio de Hidrobiología Experimental, Prol. Carpio y Plan de Ayala s/n, Col. Santo Tomás, 11340, Mexico City, CDMX, Mexico
| | - Laura Martínez-Jerónimo
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Laboratorio de Hidrobiología Experimental, Prol. Carpio y Plan de Ayala s/n, Col. Santo Tomás, 11340, Mexico City, CDMX, Mexico
| | - Fernando Martínez-Jerónimo
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Laboratorio de Hidrobiología Experimental, Prol. Carpio y Plan de Ayala s/n, Col. Santo Tomás, 11340, Mexico City, CDMX, Mexico.
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6
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Sun D, Chen Q, Zhu B, Zhao H, Duan S. Multigenerational reproduction and developmental toxicity, and HPG axis gene expression study on environmentally-relevant concentrations of nonylphenol in zebrafish. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 764:144259. [PMID: 33387771 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Nonylphenol (NP) is a toxic xenobiotic compound, which is persistent in the aquatic environment and is extremely toxic to aquatic organisms. Although the exact molecular mechanisms of its toxic effect are well understood, the multigenerational reproduction and multigenerational - gene expression changes caused by NP still remain unclear. The following work investigated the effect of NP on four consecutive generations of zebrafish by examining their growth and several reproductive parameters, the degree of gonad damage, and the expression of related reproduction related genes. The results showed that high concentrations (20 and 200 μg·L-1) of NP could decrease growth and induce gonad damage in zebrafish. In addition, gnrh2 and gnrh3 genes were up-regulated, and fshβ and lhβ genes were downregulated in the hypothalamus in male zebrafish; while in female fish, the fshβ and lhβ were upregulated in P and F1 generations, and then down-regulated in the F2 generation. Meanwhile, the cyp19a1a gene was downregulated in the gonad of male fish, while the genes of fshr, lhr and esr showed a downward trend in females. Compared to P generation, F2 generation was more tolerant to higher NP concentrations (20 and 200 μg·L-1), as was also more sensitive to lower concentrations of NP (2 μg·L-1). Consequently, stress and damage caused by environmentally-relevant concentrations of aquatic pollutants in a vertebrate model were measured and predicted. Prevention and control measures can be actively and effectively proposed, which might be transversal to other exposed organisms, including humans. After several generations, typical transgenerational genetic phenomena might occur, which should be addressed by further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Sun
- College of Chemistry and Environment, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; Department of Ecology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Qi Chen
- Department of Ecology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Bo Zhu
- School of Life Science and Engineering, State Defense Key Laboratory of the Nuclear Waste and Environmental Security, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Environment, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China.
| | - Shunshan Duan
- Department of Ecology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
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7
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Liu S, Zeng P, Li X, Thuyet DQ, Fan W. Effect of chronic toxicity of the crystalline forms of TiO 2 nanoparticles on the physiological parameters of Daphnia magna with a focus on index correlation analysis. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 181:292-300. [PMID: 31201961 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The widespread use of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (NPs) and their inevitable release into aquatic environments have caused great concerns about their ecotoxicity. However, the chronic toxicity to TiO2 NPs of aquatic organisms has not been fully understood. In particular, research is lacking on the influence of the crystalline forms of TiO2 NPs on their mechanisms of toxicity. This study investigated the chronic toxicity (i.e., 21-day toxicity tests) of 5 types of TiO2 NPs with various percentages of crystalline forms on Daphnia magna. Results revealed that the crystalline form composed of 80% anatase and 20% rutile (i.e., the M1 form) had the highest energy band gap (i.e., Eg, the energy interval between the valence band edge and the conduction band edge) and caused maximal D. magna mortality compared with other crystalline forms. The crystalline form comprising 100% rutile (i.e., the R-S form) had the lowest Eg and exhibited a minimal effect on the physiological parameters of D. magna. Moreover, in a suitable environment without TiO2 NPs, D. magna progenies could recover to a normal physiological level (e.g., the mortalities of D. magna progenies were lower than those of parental D. magna that were exposed to TiO2 NPs at a concentration of 0.5 mg/L). Correlation analysis revealed that the body length, time of first brood, and number of neonates in the first brood of D. magna were negatively correlated with titanium accumulation in vivo. Furthermore, the indices of Ti accumulation and the product of Eg and Ti accumulation (i.e., Eg × Ti accumulation) were positively correlated (p < 0.05) with D. magna mortality, thus indicating that crystalline forms with a high Eg may cause severe toxicity to aquatic organisms at the same TiO2 bioaccumulation level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Liu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Space and Environment, Beihang University, Beijing, 10191, China; Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Pei Zeng
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Space and Environment, Beihang University, Beijing, 10191, China
| | - Xiaomin Li
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Space and Environment, Beihang University, Beijing, 10191, China
| | - Dang Quoc Thuyet
- Institute of Agricultural Machinery, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 1-40-2 Nisshin, Kita-ku, Saitama City, Saitama, 331-8537, Japan
| | - Wenhong Fan
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Space and Environment, Beihang University, Beijing, 10191, China; Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China.
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Melo A, Ferreira C, Ferreira IMPLVO, Mansilha C. Acute and chronic toxicity assessment of haloacetic acids using Daphnia magna. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2019; 82:977-989. [PMID: 31607230 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2019.1676959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Haloacetic acids (HAAs) are undesirable disinfection by-products (DBPs), released into aquatic ecosystems from various anthropogenic and natural sources. The aim of this study was to examine the ecological risk of exposure to three HAAs commonly detected in water, such as monobromoacetic acid (MBA), monochloroacetic acid (MCA), and trichloroacetic acid (TCA), in in vivo acute and chronic toxicity tests using Daphnia magna as a model. Acute tests showed that MBA was the most toxic of these compounds followed by MCA and TCA as evidenced by immobilization. Aquatic organisms in natural conditions might be exposed simultaneously to numerous compounds; thus, binary mixtures of selected HAAs and a ternary mixture of these were tested. Concentration addition (CA) and independent action (IA) models were used for a predictive assessment of mixture toxicity. Data demonstrated that CA appeared to be the most reliable indicator for HAAs binary and ternary mixtures suggestive of an additive behavior. Median effective concentration (EC50) values from the mixed exposure tests were significantly lower than results obtained from single tests for all three HAAs where an increase of toxicity greater than 50%. Multigenerational chronic tests were also performed exposing daphnids to the ternary mixture of HAAs. A markedly decreased sexual maturity and number of offspring and broods per daphnid especially in the second generation were noted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armindo Melo
- Departamento de Saúde Ambiental, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, 4000-055 Porto, Portugal
- LAQV/REQUIMTE - Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Cláudia Ferreira
- Departamento de Saúde Ambiental, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, 4000-055 Porto, Portugal
| | - Isabel M P L V O Ferreira
- LAQV/REQUIMTE/Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Laboratório de Bromatologia e Hidrologia, Faculdade de Farmácia - Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Catarina Mansilha
- Departamento de Saúde Ambiental, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, 4000-055 Porto, Portugal
- LAQV/REQUIMTE - Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
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9
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Marchand PA, Dimier-Vallet C, Vidal R. Biorational substitution of piperonyl butoxide in organic production: effectiveness of vegetable oils as synergists for pyrethrums. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:29936-29942. [PMID: 29273980 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-1057-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Piperonyl butoxide is a semi-synthetic synergist for natural pyrethrum and synthetic pyrethroid insecticides in phytochemicals and biocides. As such it is used in large quantities for crop treatments, stored grain protection, disinfestation of grain storage facilities and indoor uses. Piperonyl butoxide is consequently a regular contaminant in stored grains, and subsequently in corresponding cereal food products and meat via feed uses. Therefore it is regularly monitored and its MRL is ongoing a reassessment. It is also considered as a possible human carcinogen and a suspected endocrine disruptor. For all these reasons and considerations most of the countries have already banned its use in Organic Farming as France in 2017. Thus, ecological substitution of with biorational and sustainable solutions is required. Vegetable oils have been described as exhibiting similar potency and synergistic effects. We have reviewed the literature and have proceeded to ecotoxicological efficacy tests in order to determine the best and most durable substitution candidates. Sesame and rape seed oil were determined to be the most efficient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrice A Marchand
- Institut Technique de l'Agriculture Biologique (ITAB), 149 rue de Bercy, F-75595, Paris Cedex 12, France.
| | - Claire Dimier-Vallet
- Syndicat National des Transformateurs de Produits Naturels et de Culture Biologique (Synabio), 16 Rue Montbrun, F-75014, Paris, France
| | - Rodolphe Vidal
- Institut Technique de l'Agriculture Biologique (ITAB), 149 rue de Bercy, F-75595, Paris Cedex 12, France
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Jeremias G, Barbosa J, Marques SM, De Schamphelaere KAC, Van Nieuwerburgh F, Deforce D, Gonçalves FJM, Pereira JL, Asselman J. Transgenerational Inheritance of DNA Hypomethylation in Daphnia magna in Response to Salinity Stress. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:10114-10123. [PMID: 30113818 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b03225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Epigenetic mechanisms have been found to play important roles in environmental stress response and regulation. These can, theoretically, be transmitted to future unexposed generations, yet few studies have shown persisting stress-induced transgenerational effects, particularly in invertebrates. Here, we focus on the aquatic microcrustacean Daphnia, a parthenogenetic model species, and its response to salinity stress. Salinity is a serious threat to freshwater ecosystems and a relevant form of environmental perturbation affecting freshwater ecosystems. We exposed one generation of D. magna to high levels of salinity (F0) and found that the exposure provoked specific methylation patterns that were transferred to the three consequent nonexposed generations (F1, F2, and F3). This was the case for the hypomethylation of six protein-coding genes with important roles in the organisms' response to environmental change: DNA damage repair, cytoskeleton organization, and protein synthesis. This suggests that epigenetic changes in Daphnia are particularly targeted to genes involved in coping with general cellular stress responses. Our results highlight that epigenetic marks are affected by environmental stressors and can be transferred to subsequent unexposed generations. Epigenetic marks could therefore prove to be useful indicators of past or historic pollution in this parthenogenetic model system. Furthermore, no life history costs seem to be associated with the maintenance of hypomethylation across unexposed generations in Daphnia following a single stress exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme Jeremias
- Department of Biology , University of Aveiro , 3810-193 , Aveiro , Portugal
| | - João Barbosa
- Department of Biology , University of Aveiro , 3810-193 , Aveiro , Portugal
| | - Sérgio M Marques
- Department of Biology , University of Aveiro , 3810-193 , Aveiro , Portugal
- CESAM (Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies) , University of Aveiro , 3810-193 , Aveiro , Portugal
| | - Karel A C De Schamphelaere
- Laboratory for Environmental Toxicology and Aquatic Ecology (GhEnToxLab) , Ghent University , 9000 , Ghent , Belgium
| | | | - Dieter Deforce
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology , Ghent University , 9000 , Ghent , Belgium
| | - Fernando J M Gonçalves
- Department of Biology , University of Aveiro , 3810-193 , Aveiro , Portugal
- CESAM (Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies) , University of Aveiro , 3810-193 , Aveiro , Portugal
| | - Joana Luísa Pereira
- Department of Biology , University of Aveiro , 3810-193 , Aveiro , Portugal
- CESAM (Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies) , University of Aveiro , 3810-193 , Aveiro , Portugal
| | - Jana Asselman
- Laboratory for Environmental Toxicology and Aquatic Ecology (GhEnToxLab) , Ghent University , 9000 , Ghent , Belgium
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11
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Castro BB, Freches AR, Rodrigues M, Nunes B, Antunes SC. Transgenerational Effects of Toxicants: An Extension of the Daphnia 21-day Chronic Assay? ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2018; 74:616-626. [PMID: 29368034 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-018-0507-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The assessment of transgenerational effects should be incorporated in standard chronic toxicity protocols for the sake of a realistic extrapolation of contaminant effects to the population level. We propose a simple add-on to the standard 21-day chronic Daphnia magna assay, allowing the assessment of the reproductive performance of the offspring (F1 generation) born from the first clutch of the parental (F0) generation. The extended generational assay was performed simultaneously with the standard reproduction assay. With this design, we evaluated the lethal, reproductive, and transgenerational effects of four widespread and extensively used substances: a biocide/anti-fouling (copper sulphate), an industrial oxidizing agent (potassium dichromate), a pharmaceutical (paracetamol), and a quaternary ammonium compound (benzalkonium chloride). Benzalkonium chloride was the most toxic in terms of lethality, whereas paracetamol, copper sulphate, and potassium dichromate caused deleterious effects in the reproductive performance of exposed D. magna. Adverse effects in the fitness of the daughter (F1) generation were observed in the case of maternal exposure to paracetamol and copper sulphate, although they were not very pronounced. These findings highlight the usefulness of our approach and reinforce the view-shared by other authors-of the need for a generalised formal assessment of the transgenerational effects of pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- B B Castro
- Departamento de Biologia, CBMA (Centro de Biologia Molecular e Ambiental), Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, Portugal
| | - A R Freches
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - M Rodrigues
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - B Nunes
- Departamento de Biologia, CESAM (Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar), Universidade de Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - S C Antunes
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
- CIIMAR (Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
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12
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Giraudo M, Dubé M, Lépine M, Gagnon P, Douville M, Houde M. Multigenerational effects evaluation of the flame retardant tris(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate (TBOEP) using Daphnia magna. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2017; 190:142-149. [PMID: 28711770 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2017.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Revised: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Tris(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate (TBOEP) is an organophosphate ester used as substitute following the phase-out of brominated flamed retardants. Because of its high production volume and its use in a broad range of applications, this chemical is now frequently detected in the environment and biota. However, limited information is available on the long-term effects of TBOEP in aquatic organisms. In this study, Daphnia magna were exposed over three 21d generations to an environmentally relevant concentration of TBOEP (10μg/L) and effects were evaluated at the gene transcription, protein, and life-history (i.e., survival, reproduction and growth) levels. Chronic exposure to TBEOP did not impact survival or reproduction of D. magna but affected the growth output. The mean number of molts was also found to be lower in daphnids exposed to the chemical compared to control for a given generation, however there were no significant differences over the three generations. Molecular responses indicated significant differences in the transcription of genes related to growth, molting, ecdysteroid and juvenile hormone signaling, proteolysis, oxidative stress, and oxygen transport within generations. Levels of mRNA were also found to be significantly different for genes known to be involved in endocrine-mediated mechanisms such as reproduction and growth between generations F0, F1, and F2, indicating effects of parental exposure on offspring. Transcription results were supported by protein analyses with the significant decreased in catalase (CAT) activity in F1 generation, following the decreased transcription of cat in the parental generation. Taken together, these multi-biological level results suggest long-term potential endocrine disruption effects of TBOEP in D. magna exposed to an environmentally relevant concentration. This study highlights the importance of using chronic and multigenerational biological evaluation to assess risks of emerging chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maeva Giraudo
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, Aquatic Contaminants Research Division, Water Science and Technology Directorate,105 McGill Street, Montreal, QC, H2Y 2E7, Canada
| | - Maxime Dubé
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, Aquatic Contaminants Research Division, Water Science and Technology Directorate,105 McGill Street, Montreal, QC, H2Y 2E7, Canada
| | - Mélanie Lépine
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, Aquatic Contaminants Research Division, Water Science and Technology Directorate,105 McGill Street, Montreal, QC, H2Y 2E7, Canada
| | - Pierre Gagnon
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, Aquatic Contaminants Research Division, Water Science and Technology Directorate,105 McGill Street, Montreal, QC, H2Y 2E7, Canada
| | - Mélanie Douville
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, Aquatic Contaminants Research Division, Water Science and Technology Directorate,105 McGill Street, Montreal, QC, H2Y 2E7, Canada
| | - Magali Houde
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, Aquatic Contaminants Research Division, Water Science and Technology Directorate,105 McGill Street, Montreal, QC, H2Y 2E7, Canada.
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13
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Barata C, Campos B, Rivetti C, LeBlanc GA, Eytcheson S, McKnight S, Tobor-Kaplon M, de Vries Buitenweg S, Choi S, Choi J, Sarapultseva EI, Coutellec MA, Coke M, Pandard P, Chaumot A, Quéau H, Delorme N, Geffard O, Martínez-Jerónimo F, Watanabe H, Tatarazako N, Lopes I, Pestana JLT, Soares AMVM, Pereira CM, De Schamphelaere K. Validation of a two-generational reproduction test in Daphnia magna: An interlaboratory exercise. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 579:1073-1083. [PMID: 27908627 PMCID: PMC5488698 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.11.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Revised: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Effects observed within one generation disregard potential detrimental effects that may appear across generations. Previously we have developed a two generation Daphnia magna reproduction test using the OECD TG 211 protocol with a few amendments, including initiating the second generation with third brood neonates produced from first generation individuals. Here we showed the results of an inter-laboratory calibration exercise among 12 partners that aimed to test the robustness and consistency of a two generation Daphnia magna reproduction test. Pyperonyl butoxide (PBO) was used as a test compound. Following experiments, PBO residues were determined by TQD-LC/MS/MS. Chemical analysis denoted minor deviations of measured PBO concentrations in freshly prepared and old test solutions and between real and nominal concentrations in all labs. Other test conditions (water, food, D. magna clone, type of test vessel) varied across partners as allowed in the OECD test guidelines. Cumulative fecundity and intrinsic population growth rates (r) were used to estimate "No observed effect concentrations "NOEC using the solvent control as the control treatment. EC10 and EC-50 values were obtained regression analyses. Eleven of the twelve labs succeeded in meeting the OECD criteria of producing >60 offspring per female in control treatments during 21days in each of the two consecutive generations. Analysis of variance partitioning of cumulative fecundity indicated a relatively good performance of most labs with most of the variance accounted for by PBO (56.4%) and PBO by interlaboratory interactions (20.2%), with multigenerational effects within and across PBO concentrations explaining about 6% of the variance. EC50 values for reproduction and population growth rates were on average 16.6 and 20.8% lower among second generation individuals, respectively. In summary these results suggest that the proposed assay is reproducible but cumulative toxicity in the second generation cannot reliably be detected with this assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Barata
- Department of Environmental chemistry, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA, CSIC), Jordi Girona 18, 08017, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Bruno Campos
- Department of Environmental chemistry, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA, CSIC), Jordi Girona 18, 08017, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Claudia Rivetti
- Department of Environmental chemistry, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA, CSIC), Jordi Girona 18, 08017, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gerald A LeBlanc
- Toxicology Program, Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Box 7633, Raleigh NC 27695-7633, 850 Main Campus Drive, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA
| | - Stephanie Eytcheson
- Toxicology Program, Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Box 7633, Raleigh NC 27695-7633, 850 Main Campus Drive, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA
| | - Stephanie McKnight
- Toxicology Program, Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Box 7633, Raleigh NC 27695-7633, 850 Main Campus Drive, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA
| | - Marysia Tobor-Kaplon
- Charles River Laboratories Den Bosch B.V., Dept. of Discovery and Environmental Sciences, Hambakenwetering 7, 5231, DD's-Hertogenbosch, Netherlands
| | - Selinda de Vries Buitenweg
- Charles River Laboratories Den Bosch B.V., Dept. of Discovery and Environmental Sciences, Hambakenwetering 7, 5231, DD's-Hertogenbosch, Netherlands
| | - Suhyon Choi
- Environmental Systems Toxicology Lab., School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, 163, Seoulsiripdae-ro, Dondaemun-gu, Seoul, 02504, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinhee Choi
- Environmental Systems Toxicology Lab., School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, 163, Seoulsiripdae-ro, Dondaemun-gu, Seoul, 02504, Republic of Korea
| | - Elena I Sarapultseva
- National Research Nuclear University "MEPhI", Kashirskoe Highway, 31, Moscow 115409, Russian Federation
| | | | - Maïra Coke
- U3E, Unité d'Ecologie et d'Ecotoxicologie Aquatique, INRA, 35042 Rennes, France
| | - Pascal Pandard
- INERIS, Direction des Risques Chroniques, Unité EXES, Parc technologique ALATA, BP, 2, 60 550 Verneuil en Halatte, France
| | - Arnaud Chaumot
- IRSTEA, UR MALY, Laboratoire d'écotoxicologie, F-69616 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Hervé Quéau
- IRSTEA, UR MALY, Laboratoire d'écotoxicologie, F-69616 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Nicolas Delorme
- IRSTEA, UR MALY, Laboratoire d'écotoxicologie, F-69616 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Olivier Geffard
- IRSTEA, UR MALY, Laboratoire d'écotoxicologie, F-69616 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Fernando Martínez-Jerónimo
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Lab. de Hidrobiología Experimental, Prol. Carpio esq. Plan de Ayala S/N, Col. Santo Tomas, México, D. F. 11340, Mexico
| | - Haruna Watanabe
- National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan
| | - Norihisa Tatarazako
- National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan
| | - Isabel Lopes
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - João L T Pestana
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Amadeu M V M Soares
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Cecilia Manuela Pereira
- Ghent University (UGent), Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology (GhEnToxLab), Coupure Links 653, B9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Karel De Schamphelaere
- Ghent University (UGent), Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology (GhEnToxLab), Coupure Links 653, B9000 Gent, Belgium
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14
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Bjergager MBA, Dalhoff K, Kretschmann A, Nørgaard KB, Mayer P, Cedergreen N. Determining lower threshold concentrations for synergistic effects. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2017; 182:79-90. [PMID: 27875797 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2016.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Revised: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 10/23/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Though only occurring rarely, synergistic interactions between chemicals in mixtures have long been a point of focus. Most studies analyzing synergistic interactions used unrealistically high chemical concentrations. The aim of the present study is to determine the threshold concentration below which proven synergists cease to act as synergists towards the aquatic crustacean Daphnia magna. To do this, we compared several approaches and test-setups to evaluate which approach gives the most conservative estimate for the lower threshold for synergy for three known azole synergists. We focus on synergistic interactions between the pyrethroid insecticide, alpha-cypermethrin, and one of the three azole fungicides prochloraz, propiconazole or epoxiconazole measured on Daphnia magna immobilization. Three different experimental setups were applied: A standard 48h acute toxicity test, an adapted 48h test using passive dosing for constant chemical exposure concentrations, and a 14-day test. Synergy was defined as occuring in mixtures where either EC50 values decreased more than two-fold below what was predicted by concentration addition (horizontal assessment) or as mixtures where the fraction of immobile organisms increased more than two-fold above what was predicted by independent action (vertical assessment). All three tests confirmed the hypothesis of the existence of a lower azole threshold concentration below which no synergistic interaction was observed. The lower threshold concentration, however, decreased with increasing test duration from 0.026±0.013μM (9.794±4.897μgL-1), 0.425±0.089μM (145.435±30.46μgL-1) and 0.757±0.253μM (249.659±83.44μgL-1) for prochloraz, propiconazole and epoxiconazole in standard 48h toxicity tests to 0.015±0.004μM (5.651±1.507μgL-1), 0.145±0.025μM (49.619±8.555μgL-1) and 0.122±0.0417μM (40.236±13.75μgL-1), respectively, in the 14-days tests. Testing synergy in relation to concentration addition provided the most conservative values. The threshold values for the vertical assessments in tests where the two could be compared were in general 1.2 to 4.7 fold higher than the horizontal assessments. Using passive dosing rather than dilution series or spiking did not lower the threshold significantly. Below the threshold for synergy, slight antagony could often be observed. This is most likely due to induction of enzymes active in metabolization of alpha-cypermethrin. The results emphasize the importance of test duration when assessing synergy, but also show that azole concentrations within the typically monitored range of up to 0.5μgL-1 are not likely to cause severe synergy concerning Daphnia magna immobilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maj-Britt Andersen Bjergager
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
| | - Kristoffer Dalhoff
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
| | - Andreas Kretschmann
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
| | - Katrine Banke Nørgaard
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Philipp Mayer
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Building 115, Denmark.
| | - Nina Cedergreen
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
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