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Baba Y, Azuma N, Saito Y, Takahashi K, Matsui R, Takara T. Effect of Intake of Bifidobacteria and Dietary Fiber on Resting Energy Expenditure: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind, Parallel-Group Comparison Study. Nutrients 2024; 16:2345. [PMID: 39064788 PMCID: PMC11279889 DOI: 10.3390/nu16142345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis GCL2505 in combination with inulin has been shown to have several health benefits, including an improvement in the intestinal microbiota and a reduction in human visceral fat. Previous studies have suggested that the visceral fat reduction of GCL2505 and inulin may be achieved by improving daily energy expenditure. This parallel, placebo-controlled, randomized, double-blind study was conducted to evaluate the effects of GCL2505 and inulin on resting energy expenditure (REE) in overweight or mildly obese Japanese adults (n = 44). Participants ingested 1 × 1010 colony forming units of GCL2505 and 5.0 g of inulin daily for 4 weeks. REE score at week 4 was set as the primary endpoint. At week 4, the REE score of the GCL2505 and inulin group was significantly higher than that of the placebo group, with a difference of 84.4 kcal/day. In addition, fecal bifidobacteria counts were significantly increased in the GCL2505 and inulin group. Our results indicated that the intake of GCL2505 and inulin improves energy balance, which is known to be a major factor of obesity, by modulating the microbiota in the gut. This is the first report to demonstrate the effects of probiotics and dietary fiber on REE in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhei Baba
- Dairy Business Division, Ezaki Glico Co., Ltd., 4-6-5 Utajima, Nishiyodogawa-ku, Osaka 555-8502, Japan
| | - Naoki Azuma
- R&D Laboratory, Ezaki Glico Co., Ltd., 4-6-5 Utajima, Nishiyodogawa-ku, Osaka 555-8502, Japan; (N.A.); (Y.S.); (K.T.); (R.M.)
| | - Yasuo Saito
- R&D Laboratory, Ezaki Glico Co., Ltd., 4-6-5 Utajima, Nishiyodogawa-ku, Osaka 555-8502, Japan; (N.A.); (Y.S.); (K.T.); (R.M.)
| | - Kazuma Takahashi
- R&D Laboratory, Ezaki Glico Co., Ltd., 4-6-5 Utajima, Nishiyodogawa-ku, Osaka 555-8502, Japan; (N.A.); (Y.S.); (K.T.); (R.M.)
| | - Risa Matsui
- R&D Laboratory, Ezaki Glico Co., Ltd., 4-6-5 Utajima, Nishiyodogawa-ku, Osaka 555-8502, Japan; (N.A.); (Y.S.); (K.T.); (R.M.)
| | - Tsuyoshi Takara
- Medical Corporation Seishinkai Takara Clinic, 9F Taisei Bldg., 2-3-2 Higashi-gotanda, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-0022, Japan;
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2
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Azuma N, Saito Y, Nishijima T, Aoki R, Nishihira J. Effect of daily ingestion of Bifidobacterium and dietary fiber on vascular endothelial function: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group comparison study. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2023; 88:86-96. [PMID: 37849220 DOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbad148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis GCL2505 (GCL2505) improves the intestinal microbiota and reduces human visceral fat. This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study was conducted to examine the effects of inulin, a prebiotic dietary fiber, and GCL2505 on vascular endothelial function in healthy subjects (n = 60). The test drink contained 2.0 g/100 g inulin and 1.0 × 1010 colony-forming units/100 g GCL2505 and was consumed daily for 12 weeks. Flow-mediated dilation was set as the primary endpoint. Subgroup analysis of vascular endothelial function demonstrated a significant increase in the change of flow-mediated dilation (%) from weeks 0 to 12 in the GCL2505 and inulin group (n = 24) compared with the placebo group (n = 23), while an improving trend in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 were confirmed. Our results indicated that the test drink had a positive effect on vascular endothelial function and related blood parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Azuma
- R&D Laboratory, Ezaki Glico Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Yasuo Saito
- R&D Laboratory, Ezaki Glico Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Nishijima
- Mechanism-based Research Laboratory, Ezaki Glico Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Ryo Aoki
- Mechanism-based Research Laboratory, Ezaki Glico Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Jun Nishihira
- Department of Medical Management and Informatics, Hokkaido Information University, Hokkaido, Japan
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3
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Baba Y, Saito Y, Kadowaki M, Azuma N, Tsuge D. Effect of Continuous Ingestion of Bifidobacteria and Inulin on Reducing Body Fat: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Parallel-Group Comparison Study. Nutrients 2023; 15:5025. [PMID: 38140284 PMCID: PMC10745352 DOI: 10.3390/nu15245025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis GCL2505 has been shown to have several positive health effects, including improved defecation frequency and reduced visceral fat. It is known that combined intake of GCL2505 and inulin increases the total number of bifidobacteria compared with ingestion of GCL2505 alone. This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study was conducted to confirm that consumption of GCL2505 and inulin reduces abdominal fat (n = 120). Participants consumed a test beverage containing 1 × 1010 colony-forming units of GCL2505 per 100 g and 2.0 g of inulin per 100 g for 12 weeks. A change in the visceral fat area (VFA) was set as the primary endpoint. There were significant reductions in VFA and total fat area. The intervention significantly increased the total number of bifidobacteria and affected the levels of several lipid markers. Regression analysis of bifidobacteria and measured parameters showed that total bifidobacteria correlated with VFA and body mass index (BMI), while endogenous bifidobacteria and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis correlated only with BMI, suggesting that increases in both contributed to the decrease in VFA. These results suggest that combined intake of GCL2505 and inulin improves the intestinal environment and reduces abdominal fat in association with the SCFA-mediated pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhei Baba
- Dairy Business Division, Ezaki Glico Co., Ltd., 4-6-5 Utajima, Nishiyodogawa-Ku, Osaka 555-8502, Japan
| | - Yasuo Saito
- R&D Laboratory, Ezaki Glico Co., Ltd., 4-6-5 Utajima, Nishiyodogawa-Ku, Osaka 555-8502, Japan; (Y.S.); (M.K.); (N.A.)
| | - Mei Kadowaki
- R&D Laboratory, Ezaki Glico Co., Ltd., 4-6-5 Utajima, Nishiyodogawa-Ku, Osaka 555-8502, Japan; (Y.S.); (M.K.); (N.A.)
| | - Naoki Azuma
- R&D Laboratory, Ezaki Glico Co., Ltd., 4-6-5 Utajima, Nishiyodogawa-Ku, Osaka 555-8502, Japan; (Y.S.); (M.K.); (N.A.)
| | - Daisuke Tsuge
- Shinagawa Season Terrace Health Care Clinic, Shinagawa Season Terrace (5F), 1-2-70 Konan, Minato-Ku, Tokyo 108-0075, Japan;
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Azuma N, Mawatari T, Saito Y, Tsukamoto M, Sampei M, Iwama Y. Effect of Continuous Ingestion of Bifidobacteria and Dietary Fiber on Improvement in Cognitive Function: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. Nutrients 2023; 15:4175. [PMID: 37836458 PMCID: PMC10574581 DOI: 10.3390/nu15194175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis GCL2505 has been shown to have some positive effects on health, including improved defecation frequency and reduced visceral fat. These effects are thought to be due to GCL2505's unique ability to reach the intestine in a viable form and proliferate after a single intake. This leads to an increased number of intestinal bifidobacteria. This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study was conducted to confirm that intake of GCL2505 and inulin (a prebiotic) improve cognitive function (n = 80). Participants consumed test drinks containing 1 × 1010 colony-forming units of GCL2505 per 100 g and 2.0 g of inulin per 100 g for 12 weeks. The change in cognitive function assessment scores was set as the primary endpoint. There were significant improvements in scores in the neurocognitive index domain, which is an assessment of overall cognitive function, in addition to overall attention, cognitive flexibility, and executive function domains. The intervention significantly increased the number of fecal bifidobacteria and affected the levels of several inflammatory markers. These results suggest that intake of GCL2505 and inulin improves cognitive function by improving the intestinal environment and alleviating inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Azuma
- R&D Laboratory, Ezaki Glico Co., Ltd., 4-6-5, Utajima, Nishiyodogawa-Ku, Osaka 555-8502, Japan; (T.M.); (Y.S.); (M.T.); (M.S.)
| | - Takashi Mawatari
- R&D Laboratory, Ezaki Glico Co., Ltd., 4-6-5, Utajima, Nishiyodogawa-Ku, Osaka 555-8502, Japan; (T.M.); (Y.S.); (M.T.); (M.S.)
| | - Yasuo Saito
- R&D Laboratory, Ezaki Glico Co., Ltd., 4-6-5, Utajima, Nishiyodogawa-Ku, Osaka 555-8502, Japan; (T.M.); (Y.S.); (M.T.); (M.S.)
| | - Masashi Tsukamoto
- R&D Laboratory, Ezaki Glico Co., Ltd., 4-6-5, Utajima, Nishiyodogawa-Ku, Osaka 555-8502, Japan; (T.M.); (Y.S.); (M.T.); (M.S.)
| | - Masatoshi Sampei
- R&D Laboratory, Ezaki Glico Co., Ltd., 4-6-5, Utajima, Nishiyodogawa-Ku, Osaka 555-8502, Japan; (T.M.); (Y.S.); (M.T.); (M.S.)
| | - Yoshitaka Iwama
- Nihonbashi Cardiology Clinic, Kyodo Bldg. #201, 13-4 Nihonbashi Kodenmacho, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo 103-0001, Japan;
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Ojha S, Patil N, Jain M, Kole C, Kaushik P. Probiotics for Neurodegenerative Diseases: A Systemic Review. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11041083. [PMID: 37110506 PMCID: PMC10140855 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11041083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders (ND) are a group of conditions that affect the neurons in the brain and spinal cord, leading to their degeneration and eventually causing the loss of function in the affected areas. These disorders can be caused by a range of factors, including genetics, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices. Major pathological signs of these diseases are protein misfolding, proteosomal dysfunction, aggregation, inadequate degradation, oxidative stress, free radical formation, mitochondrial dysfunctions, impaired bioenergetics, DNA damage, fragmentation of Golgi apparatus neurons, disruption of axonal transport, dysfunction of neurotrophins (NTFs), neuroinflammatory or neuroimmune processes, and neurohumoral symptoms. According to recent studies, defects or imbalances in gut microbiota can directly lead to neurological disorders through the gut-brain axis. Probiotics in ND are recommended to prevent cognitive dysfunction, which is a major symptom of these diseases. Many in vivo and clinical trials have revealed that probiotics (Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium bifidum, and Lactobacillus casei, etc.) are effective candidates against the progression of ND. It has been proven that the inflammatory process and oxidative stress can be modulated by modifying the gut microbiota with the help of probiotics. As a result, this study provides an overview of the available data, bacterial variety, gut-brain axis defects, and probiotics' mode of action in averting ND. A literature search on particular sites, including PubMed, Nature, and Springer Link, has identified articles that might be pertinent to this subject. The search contains the following few groups of terms: (1) Neurodegenerative disorders and Probiotics OR (2) Probiotics and Neurodegenerative disorders. The outcomes of this study aid in elucidating the relationship between the effects of probiotics on different neurodegenerative disorders. This systematic review will assist in discovering new treatments in the future, as probiotics are generally safe and cause mild side effects in some cases in the human body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandhya Ojha
- Cell & Developmental Biology Laboratory, Centre of Research for Development, Parul University, Vadodara 391760, India
- Department of Life Sciences, Parul Institute of Applied Sciences, Parul University, Vadodara 391760, India
| | - Nil Patil
- Cell & Developmental Biology Laboratory, Centre of Research for Development, Parul University, Vadodara 391760, India
- Department of Life Sciences, Parul Institute of Applied Sciences, Parul University, Vadodara 391760, India
| | - Mukul Jain
- Cell & Developmental Biology Laboratory, Centre of Research for Development, Parul University, Vadodara 391760, India
- Department of Life Sciences, Parul Institute of Applied Sciences, Parul University, Vadodara 391760, India
| | | | - Prashant Kaushik
- Instituto de Conservacióny Mejora de la Agrodiversidad Valenciana, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain
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6
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Zhou Q, Qu Z, Wang N, Liu H, Yang H, Wang H. Miao sour soup influences serum lipid via regulation of high‐fat diet‐induced intestinal flora in obese rats. Food Sci Nutr 2022; 11:2232-2242. [PMID: 37181324 PMCID: PMC10171530 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is associated with the gut microbiota and has been shown to cause gut microbiota disturbances. Our previous studies have demonstrated that Miao sour soup (SS) contains abundant short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) which can be used as energy substrates of intestinal flora to selectively stimulate their growth and reproduction. Therefore, we explored whether the intestinal microbiota of rats with high-fat diet-induced obesity could be restored to normal by SS intervention. Male obese rats were divided into five groups randomly after successful modeling of obese rats: normal diet, high-fat diet (HDF), HFD + SS, HFD with antibiotic, and HFD with antibiotic + SS. After 12 weeks of intervention, the weight and serum lipid of obese rats decreased. Furthermore, 16S rRNA analysis showed an imbalance and a decrease in the abundance and diversity of intestinal flora in obese rats, which improved after SS intervention. At the phylum level, Firmicutes increased while Proteobacteria decreased. The composition of the intestinal flora recovered at the genus level, inhibiting the reproduction of pathogenic bacteria, while the levels of SCFA-producing bacteria such as Blautia and Lactococcus and the levels of SCFAs in cecal contents increased. In addition, SS reduced the levels of TNF-α and IL-6 in the intestinal mucosa of obese rats, increased the contents of PYY and GLP-1 in colon tissue, and increased the expression of tight junction protein Occludin and ZO-1 in the intestinal epithelium. Taken together, SS can regulate the intestinal flora of obese rats and improve the intestinal flora to facilitate weight loss and lipid reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Zhou
- School of Public Health, the Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education Guizhou Medical University Guiyang China
- Guizhou provincial Center For Disease Control And Prevention Guiyang China
| | - Zihan Qu
- School of Public Health, the Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education Guizhou Medical University Guiyang China
| | - Nanlan Wang
- School of Public Health, the Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education Guizhou Medical University Guiyang China
| | - Huijuan Liu
- School of Public Health, the Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education Guizhou Medical University Guiyang China
| | - Hongmei Yang
- School of Public Health, the Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education Guizhou Medical University Guiyang China
| | - Huiqun Wang
- School of Public Health, the Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education Guizhou Medical University Guiyang China
- Guizhou Food Nutrition and Health Engineering Research Center Guiyang China
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7
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Kon R, Ikarashi N, Onuma K, Yasukawa Z, Ozeki M, Sakai H, Kamei J. Effect of partially hydrolyzed guar gum on the expression of aquaporin-3 in the colon. Food Sci Nutr 2022; 11:1127-1133. [PMID: 36789055 PMCID: PMC9922137 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the development of functional foods targeting gastrointestinal disorders has been in progress. Partially hydrolyzed guar gum (PHGG), which is a water-soluble dietary fiber, is known to have a constipation-improving effect. However, many aspects of the mechanism remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the role of aquaporin-3 (AQP3), which regulates the water content of feces in ameliorative effect of PHGG on constipation. Rats were allowed to freely consume a normal diet or a diet containing 5% PHGG for 14 days, and defecation parameters were measured. We also analyzed the expression levels of genes involved in water transport in the colon. The defecation frequency and volume of rats treated with PHGG were not different from those from the control group, but the fecal water content was significantly increased, and soft stools were observed. The expressions of claudin-1, tight junction protein-1, and cadherin-1, which are involved in tight junctions or adherens junctions, were almost the same in the PHGG-treated group and the control group. The expression level of AQP3 in the colon was significantly decreased in the PHGG-treated group. In this study, PHGG decreased the colonic AQP3 expression, thereby suppressing water transport from the luminal side to the vascular side and improving constipation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Risako Kon
- Department of Biomolecular PharmacologyHoshi UniversityTokyoJapan
| | | | - Kazuhiro Onuma
- Department of Biomolecular PharmacologyHoshi UniversityTokyoJapan
| | - Zenta Yasukawa
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of NutritionKanazawa Gakuin UniversityIshikawaJapan
| | | | - Hiroyasu Sakai
- Department of Biomolecular PharmacologyHoshi UniversityTokyoJapan
| | - Junzo Kamei
- Advanced Research Institute for Health ScienceJuntendo UniversityTokyoJapan
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Lu Y, Zhang J, Zhou X, Guan M, Zhang Z, Liang X, Tong L, Yi H, Gong P, Bai L, Zhou H, Liu T, Zhang L. The edible Lactobacillus paracasei X11 with Konjac glucomannan promotes intestinal motility in zebrafish. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2021; 33:e14196. [PMID: 34337833 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.14196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Constipation is a gastrointestinal symptom with high incidence rate and large number of patients. It is becoming one of the urgent medical problems. Poor intestinal motility is one of the important causes of constipation. Current drug treatments for constipation are associated with many side effects; thus, it is necessary to study more effective treatment methods and potential mechanism. METHODS A zebrafish model of intestinal motility obstruction was established by loperamide hydrochloride to evaluate the effect of probiotic, food ingredients, and combination on intestinal peristalsis according to intestinal peristalsis frequency counts. The gastrointestinal survival ability of the best probiotics was evaluated by surface hydrophobicity, self-aggregation, acid and bile salt tolerance, and gastrointestinal transit tolerance. Interactions between probiotics and food ingredients were studied in vivo and in vitro. The expression of 5-HT was detected by ELISA and fluorescence immunoassay, and 5-HT related genes were detected by RT-PCR. KEY RESULTS We obtained the probiotics, food ingredients, and combination that effectively promoted intestinal peristalsis, X11 and YRL577, P. persica and KGM, KGM + X11, respectively. Both KGM and P. persica promoted colonization of probiotics in vivo. KGM + X11 could effectively promote the increase in 5-HT synthesis in zebrafish via up-regulating gene expression of TPH-1, TPH-2, and 5-HTR and down-regulating gene expression of SERT. The specific in-depth mechanism needs further study. CONCLUSIONS AND INFERENCES The combinations of KGM with X11 effectively promoted intestinal peristalsis. We provide a theoretical basis for new modalities that can promote intestinal peristalsis and alleviate constipation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youyou Lu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Junxue Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | | | - Meiyu Guan
- Qingdao Central Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Xi Liang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Lingjun Tong
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Huaxi Yi
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Pimin Gong
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Lu Bai
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Hui Zhou
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Tongjie Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Lanwei Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
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Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Recombinant Bifidobacterium bifidum BGN4 Expressing Antioxidant Enzymes. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9030595. [PMID: 33805797 PMCID: PMC7998161 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9030595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Bifidobacterium bifidum BGN4-SK (BGN4-SK), a recombinant strain which was constructed from B. bifidum BGN4 (BGN4) to produce superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase, was analyzed to determine its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties in vitro. Culture conditions were determined to maximize the SOD and catalase activities of BGN4-SK. The viability, intracellular radical oxygen species (ROS) levels, intracellular antioxidant enzyme activities, and pro-inflammatory cytokine levels were determined to evaluate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of BGN4-SK in human intestinal epithelial cells (HT-29) and murine macrophage cells (RAW 264.7). Antioxidant enzymes (SOD and catalase) were produced at the highest levels when BGN4-SK was cultured for 24 h in a medium containing 500 μM MnSO4 and 30 μM hematin, with glucose as the carbon source. The viability and intracellular antioxidant enzyme activities of H2O2-stimulated HT-29 treated with BGN4-SK were significantly higher (p < 0.05) than those of cells treated with BGN4. The intracellular ROS levels of H2O2-stimulated HT-29 cells treated with BGN4-SK were significantly lower (p < 0.05) than those of cells treated with BGN4. BGN4-SK more significantly suppressed the production of interleukin (IL)-6 (p < 0.05), tumor necrosis factor-α (p < 0.01), and IL-8 (p < 0.05) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated HT-29 and LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells compared to BGN4. These results suggest that BGN4-SK may have enhanced antioxidant activities against oxidative stress in H2O2-stimulated HT-29 cells and enhanced anti-inflammatory activities in LPS-stimulated HT-29 and RAW 264.7 cells.
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10
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Bai X, Shen L, Gao X, Yu Z, Sakandar HA, Kwok LY, Sun Z. Differential structures and enterotype-like clusters of Bifidobacterium responses to probiotic fermented milk consumption across subjects using a Bifidobacterium-target procedure. Food Res Int 2020; 140:109839. [PMID: 33648165 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The health-promoting attributes of bifidobacteria have piqued interest of researchers worldwide. However, scant published studies are available pertinent to bifidobacteria in microbiota/metagenomics datasets due to its intrinsic low abundance and limitations of detection methods. In this work, we designed a procedure to optimize the detection of the bifidobacterial population in complex biological samples with single-molecule real-time sequencing (SMRT) technology, including one primer pair designated as Bif-6 and a Bifidobacterium-specific database. The optimized procedure detected 14 bifidobacterial species/subspecies in ten human stool samples (2024 sequences per sample) and eight breast milk samples (3473 sequences per sample), respectively. Furthermore, by using the optimized procedure of SMRT, we investigated the effect of a 4-week-intervention of probiotic fermented milk (PFM; 200 g/day) on the gut bifidobacteria population of adults. The results showed that consuming PFM changed the structure and enterotype-like clusters of Bifidobacterium. After the consumption of PFM, the level of gut Bifidobacterium animalis increased significantly, replacing several originally dominating taxa in some subjects, including B. catenulatum, B. breve, and B. bifidum. On the other hand, B. adolescentis was, unaffectedly, the representative species in subjects having an original enterotype-like cluster of B. adolescentis. In conclusion, our work designed a procedure for detecting the bifidobacterial population in complex samples. By applying the currently designed procedure, we found that the PFM intervention changed the bifidobacterial enterotype-like cluster of some subjects, and such change was dependent on the basal bifidobacterial population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoye Bai
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Huhhot 010018, China
| | - Lingling Shen
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Huhhot 010018, China
| | - Xu Gao
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Huhhot 010018, China
| | - Zhongjie Yu
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Huhhot 010018, China
| | - Hafiz Arbab Sakandar
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Huhhot 010018, China
| | - Lai-Yu Kwok
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Huhhot 010018, China
| | - Zhihong Sun
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Huhhot 010018, China.
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11
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Shastry RP, Rekha PD. Bacterial cross talk with gut microbiome and its implications: a short review. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2020; 66:15-24. [PMID: 32949007 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-020-00821-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Human gut microbiota exists in a complicated symbiotic relationship which postulates to impact health and disease conditions on the host. Interestingly, the gut microbiome shows different mechanisms to regulate host physiology and metabolism including cell-to-cell communications. But microbiota imbalance is characterized to change in the host normal functioning and lead to the development and progression of major human diseases. Therefore, the direct cross talk through the microbial metabolites or peptides suggests the evidence of host health and disease. Recent reports highlight the adaptation signals/small molecules promoting microbial colonization which allows modulating immunity of host and leads to pathogen colonization. Moreover, quorum sensing peptides are also evident in the involvement of host disease conditions. Here, we review the current understanding of the gut microbiota cross talk with mammalian cells through metabolites and peptides. These studies are providing insight into the prediction of signature molecules which significantly provide information for the understanding of the interaction for precision medicine applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh P Shastry
- Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), University Road, Deralakatte, Mangalore, 575018, India.
| | - P D Rekha
- Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), University Road, Deralakatte, Mangalore, 575018, India
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12
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Wang G, Yang S, Sun S, Si Q, Wang L, Zhang Q, Wu G, Zhao J, Zhang H, Chen W. Lactobacillus rhamnosus Strains Relieve Loperamide-Induced Constipation via Different Pathways Independent of Short-Chain Fatty Acids. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:423. [PMID: 32974216 PMCID: PMC7466723 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.00423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing researches have confirmed the relationship between slow-transit constipation and gut microbiota dysbiosis. Many population and animal experiments have identified probiotics as effectors for the relief of constipation symptoms, but the specific mechanism remains unclear. In this intervention study, Lactobacillus rhamnosus strains isolated from five different sources were administered to mice with loperamide-induced constipation, and the impacts of these strains on constipation-related indicators were evaluated. All five strains of L. rhamnosus were found to improve constipation to various degrees. However, contrary to previous studies, the abilities of L. rhamnosus strains to improve constipation symptoms were not associated with the levels of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in the colon. The effects of different strains of L. rhamnosus on constipation relief were associated with different aspects of the GI tract, including gastrointestinal regulatory peptides, neurotransmitters, neurotrophic factors, and gut microbiota. The findings of this study demonstrate that L. rhamnosus strains can alleviate constipation-related symptoms via different pathways independent of SCFAs regulation. This study yields a new perspective for clinical use of probiotics to better improve constipation symptoms, by combining strains with different mechanisms for alleviation of constipation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Shurong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Shanshan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Qian Si
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Linlin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Qiuxiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Gaojue Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Wuxi Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jianxin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,International Joint Research Laboratory for Probiotics, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,(Yangzhou) Institute of Food Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,(Yangzhou) Institute of Food Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Yangzhou, China.,National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,Wuxi Translational Medicine Research Center and Jiangsu Translational Medicine Research Institute Wuxi Branch, Wuxi, China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,Beijing Innovation Centre of Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
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13
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Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis GCL2505 modulates host energy metabolism via the short-chain fatty acid receptor GPR43. Sci Rep 2020; 10:4158. [PMID: 32139755 PMCID: PMC7057994 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-60984-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), which are metabolites derived from the fermentation of dietary fibre by the gut microbiota, are important for host metabolic health. There is interest in probiotics for their beneficial effects on metabolic disorders, such as obesity, but the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. In this study, we evaluated whether Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis GCL2505 (GCL2505), a probiotic strain capable of proliferating and increasing SCFA levels in the gut, exerts anti-metabolic syndrome effects via the SCFA receptor G protein-coupled receptor 43 (GPR43). A GCL2505 treatment suppressed body fat accumulation, improved glucose tolerance, and enhanced systemic fatty acid oxidation in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed wild type (WT) mice, whereas these effects were not observed in HFD-fed Gpr43 knockout (Gpr43−/−) mice. Caecal and plasma acetate levels were elevated by GCL2505 in WT and Gpr43−/− mice, but the negative correlation between plasma acetate levels and body fat accumulation was observed only in WT mice. We further demonstrated that GCL2505 suppressed insulin signalling in the adipose tissue via GPR43. These results suggested that increases in SCFA levels in response to GCL2505 enhance host energy expenditure, which decreases fat accumulation via activated GPR43.
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14
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Liu Z, Subbaraj A, Fraser K, Jia H, Chen W, Day L, Roy NC, Young W. Human milk and infant formula differentially alters the microbiota composition and functional gene relative abundance in the small and large intestines in weanling rats. Eur J Nutr 2019; 59:2131-2143. [DOI: 10.1007/s00394-019-02062-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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15
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Anzawa D, Mawatari T, Tanaka Y, Yamamoto M, Genda T, Takahashi S, Nishijima T, Kamasaka H, Suzuki S, Kuriki T. Effects of synbiotics containing Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis GCL2505 and inulin on intestinal bifidobacteria: A randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover study. Food Sci Nutr 2019; 7:1828-1837. [PMID: 31139397 PMCID: PMC6526661 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.1033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
A number of studies have shown the bifidogenic effects of either probiotic bifidobacteria or inulin, and this bifidogenic shift in the composition of the colonic microbiota is likely the basis for their positive impact on human health. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of synbiotics containing the probiotic bacterium Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis (B. lactis) GCL2505 and inulin on the levels of intestinal bifidobacteria compared with B. lactis GCL2505 alone. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial was carried out involving 60 healthy subjects with a tendency for constipation using fermented milk containing B. lactis GCL2505 and inulin (synbiotic), only B. lactis GCL2505 (probiotic), and placebo. Fecal samples were collected at the end of each 2-week intervention period, and the bifidobacterial count was analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR. The numbers of total bifidobacteria and B. lactis in feces were significantly increased during the probiotic and synbiotic intake periods compared with the placebo intake period. Furthermore, the numbers of total bifidobacteria and endogenous bifidobacteria were significantly higher in the synbiotic intake period compared with the probiotic intake period, while there was no difference in the number of B. lactis. These results suggested that the synbiotics containing B. lactis GCL2505 and inulin had a greater effect on the number of bifidobacteria than a drink containing probiotics alone and could be useful for the improvement of the intestinal environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Anzawa
- Institute of Health SciencesEzaki Glico Co., Ltd.OsakaJapan
| | | | | | - Mio Yamamoto
- Institute of Health SciencesEzaki Glico Co., Ltd.OsakaJapan
| | - Tomomi Genda
- Institute of Health SciencesEzaki Glico Co., Ltd.OsakaJapan
| | | | | | | | - Satoru Suzuki
- Shinagawa Season Terrace Health Care ClinicTokyoJapan
| | - Takashi Kuriki
- Institute of Health SciencesEzaki Glico Co., Ltd.OsakaJapan
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16
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Park MJ, Park MS, Ji GE. Improvement of electroporation-mediated transformation efficiency for a Bifidobacterium strain to a reproducibly high level. J Microbiol Methods 2018; 159:112-119. [PMID: 30529116 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2018.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Bifidobacteria are representative probiotics which are defined as live microorganisms that confer a health benefit on the host. Because of their safety and healthfulness when applied to humans, bifidobacteria are suitable as genetically engineered bacteria for applications to benefit human physiology and pathology. However, molecular biological studies of bifidobacteria have been limited due to insufficient genetic tools including effective transformation methods. The aim of this study is to improve the electroporation-mediated transformation efficiency of bifidobacteria to a reproducibly high level. The crucial factors that determine electroporation efficiency are the restriction-modification system, together with the cell wall and cell membrane structure of the bacteria. We optimized the bifidobacterial electroporation conditions by focusing on these factors as well as the amount of plasmid DNA used, the electrical parameters and the bacterial growth phase. As a result, the electroporation efficiency of B. bifidum BGN4 drastically and consistently increased from 103 to 105 CFU / μg DNA. The most significant factor for increasing the electroporation efficiency was the cell wall weakening mediated by NaCl, which improved the electroporation frequency by 20 times. Because the optimized electrotransformation conditions reported here should be widely applicable to other Bifidobacterium species, these could promote the extensive genetic manipulation of the various Bifidobacterium species in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Ju Park
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Research Institute of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Myeong Soo Park
- Research Center, BIFIDO Co., Ltd, Hongcheon 205-804, Republic of Korea; Department of Hotel Culinary Arts, Yeonsung University, Anyang 430-749, Republic of Korea.
| | - Geun Eog Ji
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Research Institute of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea; Research Center, BIFIDO Co., Ltd, Hongcheon 205-804, Republic of Korea.
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17
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Aoki R, Kamikado K, Suda W, Takii H, Mikami Y, Suganuma N, Hattori M, Koga Y. A proliferative probiotic Bifidobacterium strain in the gut ameliorates progression of metabolic disorders via microbiota modulation and acetate elevation. Sci Rep 2017; 7:43522. [PMID: 28252037 PMCID: PMC5333160 DOI: 10.1038/srep43522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota is an important contributor to the worldwide prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS), which includes obesity and diabetes. The anti-MS effects exerted by Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. lactis GCL2505 (BlaG), a highly proliferative Bifidobacterium strain in the gut, and B. longum ssp. longum JCM1217T (BloJ) were comparatively examined. BlaG treatment reduced visceral fat accumulation and improved glucose tolerance, whereas BloJ had no effect on these parameters. Gut microbial analysis revealed that BlaG exerted stronger effects on the overall bacterial structure of the gut microbiota than BloJ, including enrichment of the genus Bifidobacterium. The levels of acetate and glucagon-like peptide-1 were increased by BlaG treatment in both the gut and plasma, but not by BloJ treatment. Correlation analysis suggested that the elevation of gut acetate levels by BlaG treatment plays a pivotal role in the BlaG-induced anti-MS effects. These findings indicated that BlaG, a highly viable and proliferative probiotic, improves metabolic disorders by modulating gut microbiota, which results in the elevation of SCFAs, especially acetate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Aoki
- Institute of Health Sciences, Ezaki Glico Co., Ltd., Nishiyodogawa, Osaka 555-8502, Japan.,Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - Kohei Kamikado
- Institute of Health Sciences, Ezaki Glico Co., Ltd., Nishiyodogawa, Osaka 555-8502, Japan
| | - Wataru Suda
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8561, Japan.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Takii
- Institute of Health Sciences, Ezaki Glico Co., Ltd., Nishiyodogawa, Osaka 555-8502, Japan
| | - Yumiko Mikami
- Institute of Health Sciences, Ezaki Glico Co., Ltd., Nishiyodogawa, Osaka 555-8502, Japan
| | - Natsuki Suganuma
- Institute of Health Sciences, Ezaki Glico Co., Ltd., Nishiyodogawa, Osaka 555-8502, Japan
| | - Masahira Hattori
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8561, Japan.,Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Koga
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Kanagawa 259-1143, Japan
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18
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Dalziel JE, Anderson RC, Peters JS, Lynch AT, Spencer NJ, Dekker J, Roy NC. Promotility Action of the Probiotic Bifidobacterium lactis HN019 Extract Compared with Prucalopride in Isolated Rat Large Intestine. Front Neurosci 2017; 11:20. [PMID: 28184185 PMCID: PMC5266733 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2017.00020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Attention is increasingly being focussed on probiotics as potential agents to restore or improve gastrointestinal (GI) transit. Determining mechanism of action would support robust health claims. The probiotic bacterium Bifidobacterium lactis HN019 reduces transit time, but its mechanisms of action and effects on motility patterns are poorly understood. The aim of this study was to investigate changes in GI motility induced by an extract of HN019 on distinct patterns of colonic motility in isolated rat large intestine, compared with a known promotility modulator, prucalopride. The large intestines from male Sprague Dawley rats (3–6 months) were perfused with Kreb's buffer at 37°C in an oxygenated tissue bath. Isometric force transducers recorded changes in circular muscle activity at four independent locations assessing contractile propagation between the proximal colon and the rectum. HN019 extract was perfused through the tissue bath and differences in tension and frequency quantified relative to pre-treatment controls. Prucalopride (1 μM) increased the frequency of propagating contractions (by 75 ± 26%) in the majority of preparations studied (10/12), concurrently decreasing the frequency of non-propagating contractions (by 50 ± 11%). HN019 extract had no effect on contractile activity during exposure (n = 8). However, following wash out, contraction amplitude of propagating contractions increased (by 55 ± 18%) in the distal colon, while the frequency of non-propagating proximal contractions decreased by 57 ± 7%. The prokinetic action of prucalopride increased the frequency of synchronous contractions along the length of colon, likely explaining increased colonic rate of transit in vivo. HN019 extract modified motility patterns in a different manner by promoting propagating contractile amplitude and inhibiting non-propagations, also demonstrating prokinetic activity consistent with the reduction of constipation by B. lactis HN019 in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie E Dalziel
- Food Nutrition and Health Team, Food and Bio-based Products Group, AgResearch Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Rachel C Anderson
- Food Nutrition and Health Team, Food and Bio-based Products Group, AgResearchPalmerston North, New Zealand; Riddet Institute, Massey UniversityPalmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Jason S Peters
- Food Nutrition and Health Team, Food and Bio-based Products Group, AgResearch Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Amy T Lynch
- Food Nutrition and Health Team, Food and Bio-based Products Group, AgResearch Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Nick J Spencer
- Discipline of Human Physiology, Flinders University, School of Medicine Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - James Dekker
- Fonterra Research and Development Centre Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Nicole C Roy
- Food Nutrition and Health Team, Food and Bio-based Products Group, AgResearchPalmerston North, New Zealand; Riddet Institute, Massey UniversityPalmerston North, New Zealand
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19
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Takahashi S, Anzawa D, Takami K, Ishizuka A, Mawatari T, Kamikado K, Sugimura H, Nishijima T. Effect of Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. lactis GCL2505 on visceral fat accumulation in healthy Japanese adults: a randomized controlled trial. BIOSCIENCE OF MICROBIOTA FOOD AND HEALTH 2016; 35:163-171. [PMID: 27867803 PMCID: PMC5107634 DOI: 10.12938/bmfh.2016-002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. lactis GCL2505 (B. lactis GCL2505) is able to survive passage through the
intestine and then proliferate, leading to an increase in the amount of gut bifidobacteria. In the present study, we evaluated the impact of B.
lactis GCL2505 on abdominal visceral fat storage in overweight and mildly obese Japanese adults. This clinical study was a double-blind, randomized,
placebo-controlled, parallel-group comparative trial performed for 12 weeks. Healthy Japanese subjects (N=137) with body mass indices ranging from 23 to 30
kg/m2 consumed either fermented milk containing B. lactis GCL2505 or a placebo every day, and then visceral and subcutaneous
abdominal fat areas were measured by computed tomography as the primary endpoints. The number of fecal bifidobacteria was also measured. Visceral fat area, but
not subcutaneous fat area, was significantly reduced from baseline at 8 and 12 weeks in the GCL2505 group, compared with the placebo group. The total number of
fecal bifidobacteria was significantly increased in the GCL2505 group. These results indicate that B. lactis GCL2505 reduces abdominal visceral
fat, a key factor associated with metabolic disorders. This finding suggests that this probiotic strain can potentially serve as a specific functional food to
achieve visceral fat reduction in overweight or mildly obese individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shota Takahashi
- Institute of Health Sciences, Ezaki Glico Co., Ltd., 2-14-1 Musashino, Akishima-shi, Tokyo 196-0021, Japan
| | - Daisuke Anzawa
- Institute of Health Sciences, Ezaki Glico Co., Ltd., 2-14-1 Musashino, Akishima-shi, Tokyo 196-0021, Japan
| | - Kazuyo Takami
- Institute of Health Sciences, Ezaki Glico Co., Ltd., 2-14-1 Musashino, Akishima-shi, Tokyo 196-0021, Japan
| | - Akihiro Ishizuka
- Institute of Health Sciences, Ezaki Glico Co., Ltd., 2-14-1 Musashino, Akishima-shi, Tokyo 196-0021, Japan
| | - Takashi Mawatari
- Institute of Health Sciences, Ezaki Glico Co., Ltd., 2-14-1 Musashino, Akishima-shi, Tokyo 196-0021, Japan
| | - Kohei Kamikado
- Institute of Health Sciences, Ezaki Glico Co., Ltd., 4-6-5 Utajima Nishiyodogawa, Osaka 555-8502, Japan
| | - Haruhi Sugimura
- Medical Corporation Shinkokai C'est lavie Shimbashi Clinic, 2-39-3 Nishishimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-0003, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Nishijima
- Institute of Health Sciences, Ezaki Glico Co., Ltd., 2-14-1 Musashino, Akishima-shi, Tokyo 196-0021, Japan
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