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Liu J, Geraghty JR, Schram S, Cropper HC, Lei J, Loeb JA, Song F. Prevention of Alzheimer Pathology by Blocking Neuregulin Signaling on Microglia. eNeuro 2023; 10:ENEURO.0422-23.2023. [PMID: 37903620 PMCID: PMC10644371 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0422-23.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Plaque formation, microglial activation, and synaptic loss are pathologic hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease; however, removing plaques has had little clinical benefit. Here, we show that neuregulin-1, a glial growth factor, induces inflammatory cytokines and promotes phagocytic activity in vitro and augments microglial activation and plaque formation in 5XFAD Alzheimer's mice. Brain-specific targeting of neuregulin-1 by intraventricular delivery of a novel neuregulin-1 fusion protein antagonist, GlyB4, significantly alters microglial morphology and function to a nonpathogenic morphology in early-stage 5XFAD mice and prevents plaques from forming. Once plaques have already formed, GlyB4 reduces new plaque formation and prevents synaptic loss. Selective, targeted disruption of neuregulin-1 signaling on brain microglia with GlyB4 could be a novel "upstream" approach to slow or stop disease progression in Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianguo Liu
- Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation, The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612
| | - Joseph R Geraghty
- Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation, The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612
| | - Sarah Schram
- Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation, The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612
| | - Haley C Cropper
- Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation, The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612
| | - Justin Lei
- Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation, The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612
| | - Jeffrey A Loeb
- Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation, The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612
| | - Fei Song
- Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation, The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612
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Chen O, Luo X, Ji RR. Macrophages and microglia in inflammation and neuroinflammation underlying different pain states. MEDICAL REVIEW (2021) 2023; 3:381-407. [PMID: 38283253 PMCID: PMC10811354 DOI: 10.1515/mr-2023-0034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Pain is a main symptom in inflammation, and inflammation induces pain via inflammatory mediators acting on nociceptive neurons. Macrophages and microglia are distinct cell types, representing immune cells and glial cells, respectively, but they share similar roles in pain regulation. Macrophages are key regulators of inflammation and pain. Macrophage polarization plays different roles in inducing and resolving pain. Notably, macrophage polarization and phagocytosis can be induced by specialized pro-resolution mediators (SPMs). SPMs also potently inhibit inflammatory and neuropathic pain via immunomodulation and neuromodulation. In this review, we discuss macrophage signaling involved in pain induction and resolution, as well as in maintaining physiological pain. Microglia are macrophage-like cells in the central nervous system (CNS) and drive neuroinflammation and pathological pain in various inflammatory and neurological disorders. Microglia-produced inflammatory cytokines can potently regulate excitatory and inhibitory synaptic transmission as neuromodulators. We also highlight sex differences in macrophage and microglial signaling in inflammatory and neuropathic pain. Thus, targeting macrophage and microglial signaling in distinct locations via pharmacological approaches, including immunotherapies, and non-pharmacological approaches will help to control chronic inflammation and chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ouyang Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Center for Translational Pain Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Xin Luo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Center for Translational Pain Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ru-Rong Ji
- Department of Anesthesiology, Center for Translational Pain Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Neurobiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
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3
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Kim K, Nan G, Kim L, Kwon M, Lee KH, Cha M, Lee BH. Insular cortex stimulation alleviates neuropathic pain via ERK phosphorylation in neurons. CNS Neurosci Ther 2023; 29:1636-1648. [PMID: 36806498 PMCID: PMC10173725 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS The clinical use of brain stimulation is attractive for patients who have side effects or tolerance. However, studies on insular cortex (IC) stimulation are lacking in neuropathic pain. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of IC stimulation (ICS) on neuropathic pain and to determine how ICS modulates pain. METHODS Changes in pain behaviors were observed following ICS with various parameters in neuropathic rats. Western blotting was performed to assess molecular changes in the expression levels of phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (pERK), neurons, astrocytes, and microglia between experimental groups. Immunohistochemistry was performed to investigate the colocalization of pERK with different cell types. RESULTS The most effective pain-relieving effect was induced at 50 Hz-120 μA in single trial of ICS and it maintained 4 days longer after the termination of repetitive ICS. The expression levels of pERK, astrocytes, and microglia were increased in neuropathic rats. However, after ICS, the expression levels of pERK were decreased, and colocalization of pERK and neurons was reduced in layers 2-3 of the IC. CONCLUSION These results indicated that ICS attenuated neuropathic pain by the regulation of pERK in neurons located in layers 2-3 of the IC. This preclinical study may enhance the potential use of ICS and identify the therapeutic mechanisms of ICS in neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyeongmin Kim
- Department of Physiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Guanghai Nan
- Department of Physiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Leejeong Kim
- Department of Physiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Minjee Kwon
- Department of Nursing, Kyungil University, Gyeongsan, Korea
| | - Kyung Hee Lee
- Department of Dental Hygiene, Division of Health Science, Dongseo University, Busan, Korea
| | - Myeounghoon Cha
- Department of Physiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Bae Hwan Lee
- Department of Physiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Microglial Cannabinoid CB 2 Receptors in Pain Modulation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032348. [PMID: 36768668 PMCID: PMC9917135 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Pain, especially chronic pain, can strongly affect patients' quality of life. Cannabinoids ponhave been reported to produce potent analgesic effects in different preclinical pain models, where they primarily function as agonists of Gi/o protein-coupled cannabinoid CB1 and CB2 receptors. The CB1 receptors are abundantly expressed in both the peripheral and central nervous systems. The central activation of CB1 receptors is strongly associated with psychotropic adverse effects, thus largely limiting its therapeutic potential. However, the CB2 receptors are promising targets for pain treatment without psychotropic adverse effects, as they are primarily expressed in immune cells. Additionally, as the resident immune cells in the central nervous system, microglia are increasingly recognized as critical players in chronic pain. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that the expression of CB2 receptors is significantly increased in activated microglia in the spinal cord, which exerts protective consequences within the surrounding neural circuitry by regulating the activity and function of microglia. In this review, we focused on recent advances in understanding the role of microglial CB2 receptors in spinal nociceptive circuitry, highlighting the mechanism of CB2 receptors in modulating microglia function and its implications for CB2 receptor- selective agonist-mediated analgesia.
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Cui Y, Hu C, Niu C, He M, Qiu X, Yao Q, Tian W, Xu Q. Electroacupuncture attenuates spared nerve injury-induced neuropathic pain possibly by promoting the progression of AMPK/mTOR-mediated autophagy in spinal microglia. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2022; 10:1278. [PMID: 36618785 PMCID: PMC9816825 DOI: 10.21037/atm-22-5273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Background Neuropathic pain (NP) is a syndrome that arises from central or peripheral nerve injury, which manifests primarily as hyperalgesia, spontaneous pain, and allodynia. The recent trend has exhibited a shift towards the development of therapies for managing NP. Activation of autophagy is involved in the function of the glial cells, which may be implicated further to attenuate pain. Methods In this study, the analgesic effects of electroacupuncture (EA) were evaluated among NP rats developed using spared nerve injury (SNI). Acupuncture treatment or EA was carried out after 7 days of SNI at two acupoints, i.e., the Zusanli (ST36) and Huantiao (GB30). Results The application of EA was found to attenuate mechanical hyperalgesia. The marker protein for microglial cells (CD11b) alone, without either the astrocyte marker or neuronal marker, was co-expressed with the autophagy indicator p62, as illustrated with immunofluorescence staining. Western blotting demonstrated that the expression levels of p62, Beclin-1, and LC3-II/LC3-I were elevated in the spinal cords of rats in the SNI group compared to the control levels. EA treatment resulted in reduced expression of p62, while the expressions of Beclin-1 and LC3-II/LC3-I were increased. The electron microscopy results indicated that EA could induce autophagy progression in the microglia of the spinal dorsal horn in SNI rats. Furthermore, we explored the causal relationship between EA-induced inhibition of NP and increased autophagic levels in microglia using the AMPK inhibitor compound C, and found that the mechanism of EA-induced analgesia may contribute to the promotion of AMPK/mTOR-mediated autophagy in spinal microglia. Conclusions Our work showed that the analgesic impact of EA is partly related to AMPK/mTOR pathway activation and autophagy induction in microglial cells, providing a potential therapeutic target for NP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaomei Cui
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Cheng Hu
- Department of Pain Management, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Cong Niu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Menglin He
- The First Clinical College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xizi Qiu
- The First Clinical College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiang Yao
- The First Clinical College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Weiqian Tian
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Qian Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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6
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Xu Q, Niu C, Li J, Hu C, He M, Qiu X, Yao Q, Tian W, Zhang M. Electroacupuncture alleviates neuropathic pain caused by spared nerve injury by promoting AMPK/mTOR-mediated autophagy in dorsal root ganglion macrophage. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2022; 10:1341. [PMID: 36660615 PMCID: PMC9843338 DOI: 10.21037/atm-22-5920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Background Dorsal root ganglia (DRG) plays an important role in mediating the peripheral sensation transduction through the primary afferent neurons in pain research. Neuropathic pain (NP) is a syndrome of hyperalgesia, spontaneous pain and allodynia caused by central or peripheral nerve injury. Recent trends of study are turning towards the development of therapies for the management of NP. Activation of autophagy in glial cells in the spinal cord has been reported to be associated with attenuation of NP, but the autophagic process in DRG is rarely studied. Methods The analgesic effect of electroacupuncture (EA) was evaluated in NP-induced rats developed using spared nerve injury (SNI). Acupuncture or EA was performed after 7 days of SNI at Zusanli (ST36) and Huantiao (GB30) acupoints. Then, the activation status of autophagy process in DRGs of rats treated with SNI and EA were investigated, and the possible mechanism of the analgesic effect of EA were explored. Results Application of EA has been found to reduce mechanical hyperalgesia. Autophagy indicator p62 was colocalized with the marker proteins for macrophages (CD11b), but not with NeuN (marker protein for neurons) or GFAP (marker protein for satellite glial cells), as shown by immunofluorescence. Western blots results indicate that the expression levels of p62, Beclin-1 and LC3-II in the L4-L6 DRG of rats in the SNI group were increased, compared with that in the control group. EA treatment resulted in decreased expression of p62 and increased expression of Beclin-1 and LC3-II/LC3-I. Furthermore, we explored the causal relationship between EA-induced suppression of NP and increased levels of autophagy in DRG using electron microscopy and the AMPK (AMP-activated protein kinase) inhibitor compound C. Conclusions SNI achieved a significant upregulation of autophagy levels in DRG macrophages. Furthermore, EA attenuated NP, which may contribute to the promotion of AMPK/mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin)-mediated autophagy in DRG macrophages. Therefore, this strategy provides a new target for therapeutic intervention of NP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Cong Niu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, The Second Hospital of Chinese Medicine in Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiajing Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Cheng Hu
- Department of Pain Management, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Menglin He
- The First Clinical Medical School, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xizi Qiu
- The First Clinical Medical School, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiang Yao
- The First Clinical Medical School, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Weiqian Tian
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Minhao Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital and Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China;,Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
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7
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de Blank PMK, Gross AM, Akshintala S, Blakeley JO, Bollag G, Cannon A, Dombi E, Fangusaro J, Gelb BD, Hargrave D, Kim A, Klesse LJ, Loh M, Martin S, Moertel C, Packer R, Payne JM, Rauen KA, Rios JJ, Robison N, Schorry EK, Shannon K, Stevenson DA, Stieglitz E, Ullrich NJ, Walsh KS, Weiss BD, Wolters PL, Yohay K, Yohe ME, Widemann BC, Fisher MJ. MEK inhibitors for neurofibromatosis type 1 manifestations: Clinical evidence and consensus. Neuro Oncol 2022; 24:1845-1856. [PMID: 35788692 PMCID: PMC9629420 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noac165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The wide variety of clinical manifestations of the genetic syndrome neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) are driven by overactivation of the RAS pathway. Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase inhibitors (MEKi) block downstream targets of RAS. The recent regulatory approvals of the MEKi selumetinib for inoperable symptomatic plexiform neurofibromas in children with NF1 have made it the first medical therapy approved for this indication in the United States, the European Union, and elsewhere. Several recently published and ongoing clinical trials have demonstrated that MEKi may have potential benefits for a variety of other NF1 manifestations, and there is broad interest in the field regarding the appropriate clinical use of these agents. In this review, we present the current evidence regarding the use of existing MEKi for a variety of NF1-related manifestations, including tumor (neurofibromas, malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors, low-grade glioma, and juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia) and non-tumor (bone, pain, and neurocognitive) manifestations. We discuss the potential utility of MEKi in related genetic conditions characterized by overactivation of the RAS pathway (RASopathies). In addition, we review practical treatment considerations for the use of MEKi as well as provide consensus recommendations regarding their clinical use from a panel of experts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter M K de Blank
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati and Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Andrea M Gross
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Jaishri O Blakeley
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Ashley Cannon
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Eva Dombi
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Jason Fangusaro
- Children's Hospital of Atlanta, Emory University and the Aflac Cancer Center, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Bruce D Gelb
- Department of Pediatrics and Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Darren Hargrave
- Department of Oncology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, UK
| | - AeRang Kim
- Center for Neuroscience and Behavioral Medicine and Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Laura J Klesse
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology/Oncology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Mignon Loh
- Benioff Children's Hospital, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Staci Martin
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Christopher Moertel
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Roger Packer
- Center for Neuroscience and Behavioral Medicine and Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Jonathan M Payne
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Katherine A Rauen
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Jonathan J Rios
- Center for Pediatric Bone Biology and Translational Research, Scottish Rite for Children, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Nathan Robison
- Children's Center for Cancer and Blood Diseases, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Elizabeth K Schorry
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati and Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Kevin Shannon
- Benioff Children's Hospital, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - David A Stevenson
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Medical Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Elliot Stieglitz
- Benioff Children's Hospital, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Nicole J Ullrich
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Karin S Walsh
- Center for Neuroscience and Behavioral Medicine and Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Brian D Weiss
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati and Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Pamela L Wolters
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Kaleb Yohay
- Department of Neurology and Pediatrics, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Marielle E Yohe
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Brigitte C Widemann
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Michael J Fisher
- Division of Oncology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Neuregulin-1/ErbB4 upregulates acetylcholine receptors via Akt/mTOR/p70S6K: a study in a rat model of obstetric brachial plexus palsy and in vitro. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2022; 54:1648-1657. [PMID: 36331297 PMCID: PMC9828288 DOI: 10.3724/abbs.2022158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In obstetric brachial plexus palsy (OBPP), the operative time window for nerve reconstruction of the intrinsic muscles of the hand (IMH) is much shorter than that of biceps. The reason is that the atrophy of IMH becomes irreversible more quickly than that of biceps. A previous study confirmed that the motor endplates of denervated intrinsic muscles of the forepaw (IMF) were destabilized, while those of denervated biceps remained intact. However, the specific molecular mechanism of regulating the self-repair of motor endplates is still unknown. In this study, we use a rat model of OBPP with right C5-C6 rupture plus C7-C8-T1 avulsion and left side as a control. Bilateral IMF and biceps are harvested at 5 weeks postinjury to assess relative protein and mRNA expression. We also use L6 skeletal myoblasts to verify the effects of signaling pathways regulating acetylcholine receptor (AChR) protein synthesis in vitro. The results show that in the OBPP rat model, the protein and mRNA expression levels of NRG-1/ErbB4 and phosphorylation of Akt/mTOR/p70S6K are lower in denervated IMF than in denervated biceps. In L6 myoblasts stimulated with NRG-1, overexpression and knockdown of ErbB4 lead to upregulation and downregulation of AChR subunit protein synthesis and Akt/mTOR/p70S6K phosphorylation, respectively. Inhibition of mTOR abolishes protein synthesis of AChR subunits elevated by NRG-1/ErbB4. Our findings suggest that in the OBPP rat model, lower expression of AChR subunits in the motor endplates of denervated IMF is associated with downregulation of NRG-1/ErbB4 and phosphorylation of Akt/mTOR/p70S6K. NRG-1/ErbB4 can promote protein synthesis of the AChR subunits in L6 myoblasts via phosphorylation of Akt/mTOR/p70S6K.
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Pricope CV, Tamba BI, Stanciu GD, Cuciureanu M, Neagu AN, Creanga-Murariu I, Dobrovat BI, Uritu CM, Filipiuc SI, Pricope BM, Alexa-Stratulat T. The Roles of Imaging Biomarkers in the Management of Chronic Neuropathic Pain. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13038. [PMID: 36361821 PMCID: PMC9657736 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic neuropathic pain (CNP) affects around 10% of the general population and has a significant social, emotional, and economic impact. Current diagnosis techniques rely mainly on patient-reported outcomes and symptoms, which leads to significant diagnostic heterogeneity and subsequent challenges in management and assessment of outcomes. As such, it is necessary to review the approach to a pathology that occurs so frequently, with such burdensome and complex implications. Recent research has shown that imaging methods can detect subtle neuroplastic changes in the central and peripheral nervous system, which can be correlated with neuropathic symptoms and may serve as potential markers. The aim of this paper is to review available imaging methods used for diagnosing and assessing therapeutic efficacy in CNP for both the preclinical and clinical setting. Of course, further research is required to standardize and improve detection accuracy, but available data indicate that imaging is a valuable tool that can impact the management of CNP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cosmin Vasilica Pricope
- Advanced Research and Development Center for Experimental Medicine (CEMEX), Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Department of Pharmacology, Clinical Pharmacology and Algesiology, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Bogdan Ionel Tamba
- Advanced Research and Development Center for Experimental Medicine (CEMEX), Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Department of Pharmacology, Clinical Pharmacology and Algesiology, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Gabriela Dumitrita Stanciu
- Advanced Research and Development Center for Experimental Medicine (CEMEX), Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Magdalena Cuciureanu
- Department of Pharmacology, Clinical Pharmacology and Algesiology, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Anca Narcisa Neagu
- Laboratory of Animal Histology, Faculty of Biology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, Carol I bvd. No. 22, 700505 Iasi, Romania
| | - Ioana Creanga-Murariu
- Advanced Research and Development Center for Experimental Medicine (CEMEX), Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Bogdan-Ionut Dobrovat
- Department of Radiology, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Iasi, 16 University Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Cristina Mariana Uritu
- Advanced Research and Development Center for Experimental Medicine (CEMEX), Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Silviu Iulian Filipiuc
- Advanced Research and Development Center for Experimental Medicine (CEMEX), Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Bianca-Mariana Pricope
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Interdisciplinarity, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Teodora Alexa-Stratulat
- Advanced Research and Development Center for Experimental Medicine (CEMEX), Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Medical Oncology-Radiotherapy Department, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania
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10
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NS5806 inhibits ERK activation to attenuate pain induced by peripheral nerve injury. Neurosci Lett 2022; 790:136890. [PMID: 36181963 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2022.136890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Neuropathic pain is a serious health problem, but optimal drug treatments remain lacking. It has been known that the compound NS5806 is a Kv4.3 activator, which increases Kv4.3-mediated K+ current to reduce neuronal excitability. In this study, we investigated the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying the analgesic effect of NS5806 in neuropathic pain induced by peripheral nerve injury. Using lumbar (L)5/L6 spinal nerve ligation (SNL) in rats, we found that, without changing the basal nociception, the analgesic effect of NS5806 (220 μg/kg) peaked at 4 h and lasted for 8 h after intraperitoneal injection. Multiple doses of NS5806 reduced not only SNL-upregulated proinflammatory mediators in the DRG and spinal cord on day 1 and day 4 after L5/L6 SNL, but also SNL-evoked expansion of DRG macrophages and spinal microglia on day 4. Furthermore, at 10 min after L5 SNL, NS5806 pretreatment for 4 h suppressed SNL-induced phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (pERK) in both Kv4.3+ and Kv4.3- neurons in the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) and superficial spinal dorsal horn, indicating that the action of NS5806 is not restricted to Kv4.3+ neurons. In vitro kinase activity assays revealed that NS5806 weakly inhibited ERK2, MEK1, MEK2, and c-Raf in the ERK pathway. Since NS5806 and the ERK pathway inhibitors have similar antinociceptive characteristics, this study suggests that NS5806 also acts as an ERK pathway inhibitor to attenuate neuropathic pain.
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11
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Wang H, Chen W, Dong Z, Xing G, Cui W, Yao L, Zou WJ, Robinson HL, Bian Y, Liu Z, Zhao K, Luo B, Gao N, Zhang H, Ren X, Yu Z, Meixiong J, Xiong WC, Mei L. A novel spinal neuron connection for heat sensation. Neuron 2022; 110:2315-2333.e6. [PMID: 35561677 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2022.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Heat perception enables acute avoidance responses to prevent tissue damage and maintain body thermal homeostasis. Unlike other modalities, how heat signals are processed in the spinal cord remains unclear. By single-cell gene profiling, we identified ErbB4, a transmembrane tyrosine kinase, as a novel marker of heat-sensitive spinal neurons in mice. Ablating spinal ErbB4+ neurons attenuates heat sensation. These neurons receive monosynaptic inputs from TRPV1+ nociceptors and form excitatory synapses onto target neurons. Activation of ErbB4+ neurons enhances the heat response, while inhibition reduces the heat response. We showed that heat sensation is regulated by NRG1, an activator of ErbB4, and it involves dynamic activity of the tyrosine kinase that promotes glutamatergic transmission. Evidence indicates that the NRG1-ErbB4 signaling is also engaged in hypersensitivity of pathological pain. Together, these results identify a spinal neuron connection consisting of ErbB4+ neurons for heat sensation and reveal a regulatory mechanism by the NRG1-ErbB4 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongsheng Wang
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Wenbing Chen
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Zhaoqi Dong
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Guanglin Xing
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Wanpeng Cui
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Lingling Yao
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Wen-Jun Zou
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Heath L Robinson
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Yaoyao Bian
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Zhipeng Liu
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Kai Zhao
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Bin Luo
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Nannan Gao
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Hongsheng Zhang
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Xiao Ren
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Zheng Yu
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - James Meixiong
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience and Medical Scientist Training Program, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Wen-Cheng Xiong
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Lin Mei
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
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12
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Tadokoro T, Bravo-Hernandez M, Agashkov K, Kobayashi Y, Platoshyn O, Navarro M, Marsala S, Miyanohara A, Yoshizumi T, Shigyo M, Krotov V, Juhas S, Juhasova J, Nguyen D, Kupcova Skalnikova H, Motlik J, Studenovska H, Proks V, Reddy R, Driscoll SP, Glenn TD, Kemthong T, Malaivijitnond S, Tomori Z, Vanicky I, Kakinohana M, Pfaff SL, Ciacci J, Belan P, Marsala M. Precision spinal gene delivery-induced functional switch in nociceptive neurons reverses neuropathic pain. Mol Ther 2022; 30:2722-2745. [PMID: 35524407 PMCID: PMC9372322 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2022.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Second-order spinal cord excitatory neurons play a key role in spinal processing and transmission of pain signals to the brain. Exogenously-induced change in developmentally-imprinted excitatory neurotransmitter phenotype of these neurons to inhibitory has not yet been achieved. Here we use a subpial dorsal horn-targeted delivery of AAV (adeno-associated virus) vector(s) encoding GABA (gamma-Aminobutyric acid,) synthesizing-releasing inhibitory machinery in mice with neuropathic pain. Treated animals showed a progressive and complete reversal of neuropathic pain (tactile and brush-evoked pain behavior) which persisted for minimum 2.5 months post-treatment. The mechanism of this treatment effect results from the switch of excitatory to preferential inhibitory neurotransmitter phenotype in dorsal horn nociceptive neurons and a resulting increase in inhibitory activity in regional spinal circuitry after peripheral nociceptive stimulation. No detectable side effects (such as sedation, motor weakness or loss of normal sensation) were seen between 2-13 months post-treatment in naive adult mice, pigs and non-human primates. The use of this treatment approach may represent a potent and safe treatment modality in patients suffering from spinal cord- or peripheral nerve-injury induced neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Tadokoro
- Neuroregeneration Laboratory, Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, University of Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan; Neurgain Technologies, 9620 Towne Centre Drive, Suite 100, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Mariana Bravo-Hernandez
- Neuroregeneration Laboratory, Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Kirill Agashkov
- Departments of Sensory Signaling and Molecular Biophysics, Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Yoshiomi Kobayashi
- Neuroregeneration Laboratory, Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Oleksandr Platoshyn
- Neuroregeneration Laboratory, Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Michael Navarro
- Neuroregeneration Laboratory, Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Silvia Marsala
- Neuroregeneration Laboratory, Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Neurgain Technologies, 9620 Towne Centre Drive, Suite 100, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Atsushi Miyanohara
- Neuroregeneration Laboratory, Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Vector Core Laboratory, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Tetsuya Yoshizumi
- Neuroregeneration Laboratory, Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Michiko Shigyo
- Neuroregeneration Laboratory, Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Volodymyr Krotov
- Departments of Sensory Signaling and Molecular Biophysics, Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Stefan Juhas
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Rumburská 89, 277 21 Liběchov, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Juhasova
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Rumburská 89, 277 21 Liběchov, Czech Republic
| | - Duong Nguyen
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Rumburská 89, 277 21 Liběchov, Czech Republic
| | - Helena Kupcova Skalnikova
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Rumburská 89, 277 21 Liběchov, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Motlik
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Rumburská 89, 277 21 Liběchov, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Studenovska
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Department of Biomaterials and Bioanalogous Systems, Heyrovsky Square 2,162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimir Proks
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Department of Biomaterials and Bioanalogous Systems, Heyrovsky Square 2,162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Rajiv Reddy
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain Medicine, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Shawn P Driscoll
- Gene Expression Laboratory and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Thomas D Glenn
- Gene Expression Laboratory and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Taratorn Kemthong
- National Primate Research Center of Thailand, Chulalongkorn University, Kaengkhoi District, Saraburi 18110, Thailand
| | - Suchinda Malaivijitnond
- National Primate Research Center of Thailand, Chulalongkorn University, Kaengkhoi District, Saraburi 18110, Thailand
| | - Zoltan Tomori
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Experimental Physics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Ivo Vanicky
- Institute of Neurobiology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Kosice, Slovakia
| | | | - Samuel L Pfaff
- Gene Expression Laboratory and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Joseph Ciacci
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Pavel Belan
- Departments of Sensory Signaling and Molecular Biophysics, Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, Kyiv, Ukraine; Kyiv Academic University, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Martin Marsala
- Neuroregeneration Laboratory, Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Institute of Neurobiology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Kosice, Slovakia.
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13
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Xu MX, Zhao GL, Hu X, Zhou H, Li SY, Li F, Miao Y, Lei B, Wang Z. P2X7/P2X4 Receptors Mediate Proliferation and Migration of Retinal Microglia in Experimental Glaucoma in Mice. Neurosci Bull 2022; 38:901-915. [PMID: 35254644 PMCID: PMC9352844 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-022-00833-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Microglia are involved in the inflammatory response and retinal ganglion cell damage in glaucoma. Here, we investigated how microglia proliferate and migrate in a mouse model of chronic ocular hypertension (COH). In COH retinas, the microglial proliferation that occurred was inhibited by the P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) blocker BBG or P2X7R knockout, but not by the P2X4R blocker 5-BDBD. Treatment of primary cultured microglia with BzATP, a P2X7R agonist, mimicked the effects of cell proliferation and migration in COH retinas through the intracellular MEK/ERK signaling pathway. Transwell migration assays showed that the P2X4R agonist CTP induced microglial migration, which was completely blocked by 5-BDBD. In vivo and in vitro experiments demonstrated that ATP, released from activated Müller cells through connexin43 hemichannels, acted on P2X7R to induce microglial proliferation, and acted on P2X4R/P2X7R (mainly P2X4R) to induce microglial migration. Our results suggest that inhibiting the interaction of Müller cells and microglia may attenuate microglial proliferation and migration in glaucoma.
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14
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Hankerd K, McDonough KE, Wang J, Tang SJ, Chung JM, La JH. Postinjury stimulation triggers a transition to nociplastic pain in mice. Pain 2022; 163:461-473. [PMID: 34285154 PMCID: PMC8669020 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Acute injury-induced pain can transition to chronic nociplastic pain, which predominantly affects women. To facilitate studies on the underlying mechanisms of nociplastic pain, we developed a mouse model in which postinjury thermal stimulation (intermittent 40°C water immersion for 10 minutes at 2 hours postcapsaicin) prolongs capsaicin (ie, experimental injury)-induced transient mechanical hypersensitivity outside of the injury area. Although capsaicin injection alone induced mechanical and thermal hypersensitivity that resolved in ∼7 days (slower recovery in females), the postinjury stimulation prolonged capsaicin-induced mechanical, but not thermal, hypersensitivity up to 3 weeks in both sexes. When postinjury stimulation was given at a lower intensity (30°C) or at later time points (40°C at 1-3 days postcapsaicin), chronification of mechanical hypersensitivity occurred only in females. Similar chronification could be induced by a different postinjury stimulation modality (vibration of paw) or with a different injury model (plantar incision). Notably, the 40°C postinjury stimulation did not prolong capsaicin-induced inflammation in the hind paw, indicating that the prolonged mechanical hypersensitivity in these mice arises without clear evidence of ongoing injury, reflecting nociplastic pain. Although morphine and gabapentin effectively alleviated this persistent mechanical hypersensitivity in both sexes, sexually dimorphic mechanisms mediated the hypersensitivity. Specifically, ongoing afferent activity at the previously capsaicin-injected area was critical in females, whereas activated spinal microglia were crucial in males. These results demonstrate that postinjury stimulation of the injured area can trigger the transition from transient pain to nociplastic pain more readily in females, and sex-dependent mechanisms maintain the nociplastic pain state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kali Hankerd
- Department of Neuroscience, Cell Biology, and Anatomy, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
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15
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van den Hoogen NJ, Harding EK, Davidson CED, Trang T. Cannabinoids in Chronic Pain: Therapeutic Potential Through Microglia Modulation. Front Neural Circuits 2022; 15:816747. [PMID: 35069129 PMCID: PMC8777271 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2021.816747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic pain is a complex sensory, cognitive, and emotional experience that imposes a great personal, psychological, and socioeconomic burden on patients. An estimated 1.5 billion people worldwide are afflicted with chronic pain, which is often difficult to treat and may be resistant to the potent pain-relieving effects of opioid analgesics. Attention has therefore focused on advancing new pain therapies directed at the cannabinoid system because of its key role in pain modulation. Endocannabinoids and exogenous cannabinoids exert their actions primarily through Gi/o-protein coupled cannabinoid CB1 and CB2 receptors expressed throughout the nervous system. CB1 receptors are found at key nodes along the pain pathway and their activity gates both the sensory and affective components of pain. CB2 receptors are typically expressed at low levels on microglia, astrocytes, and peripheral immune cells. In chronic pain states, there is a marked increase in CB2 expression which modulates the activity of these central and peripheral immune cells with important consequences for the surrounding pain circuitry. Growing evidence indicate that interventions targeting CB1 or CB2 receptors improve pain outcomes in a variety of preclinical pain models. In this mini-review, we will highlight recent advances in understanding how cannabinoids modulate microglia function and its implications for cannabinoid-mediated analgesia, focusing on microglia-neuron interactions within the spinal nociceptive circuitry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nynke J. van den Hoogen
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Comparative Biology and Experimental Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Erika K. Harding
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Comparative Biology and Experimental Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Chloé E. D. Davidson
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Comparative Biology and Experimental Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Tuan Trang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Comparative Biology and Experimental Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- *Correspondence: Tuan Trang
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16
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Piotrowska A, Ciapała K, Pawlik K, Kwiatkowski K, Rojewska E, Mika J. Comparison of the Effects of Chemokine Receptors CXCR2 and CXCR3 Pharmacological Modulation in Neuropathic Pain Model- In Vivo and In Vitro Study. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222011074. [PMID: 34681732 PMCID: PMC8538855 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222011074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent findings have highlighted the roles of CXC chemokine family in the mechanisms of neuropathic pain. Our studies provide evidence that single/repeated intrathecal administration of CXCR2 (NVP-CXCR2-20) and CXCR3 ((±)-NBI-74330) antagonists explicitly attenuated mechanical/thermal hypersensitivity in rats after chronic constriction injury of the sciatic nerve. After repeated administration, both antagonists showed strong analgesic activity toward thermal hypersensitivity; however, (±)-NBI-74330 was more effective at reducing mechanical hypersensitivity. Interestingly, repeated intrathecal administration of both antagonists decreased the mRNA and/or protein levels of pronociceptive interleukins (i.e., IL-1beta, IL-6, IL-18) in the spinal cord, but only (±)-NBI-74330 decreased their levels in the dorsal root ganglia after nerve injury. Furthermore, only the CXCR3 antagonist influenced the spinal mRNA levels of antinociceptive factors (i.e., IL-1RA, IL-10). Additionally, antagonists effectively reduced the mRNA levels of pronociceptive chemokines; NVP-CXCR2-20 decreased the levels of CCL2, CCL6, CCL7, and CXCL4, while (±)-NBI-74330 reduced the levels of CCL3, CCL6, CXCL4, and CXCL9. Importantly, the results obtained from the primary microglial and astroglial cell cultures clearly suggest that both antagonists can directly affect the release of these ligands, mainly in microglia. Interestingly, NVP-CXCR2-20 induced analgesic effects after intraperitoneal administration. Our research revealed important roles for CXCR2 and CXCR3 in nociceptive transmission, especially in neuropathic pain.
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MESH Headings
- Acetamides/pharmacology
- Acetamides/therapeutic use
- Analgesics/pharmacology
- Analgesics/therapeutic use
- Animals
- Astrocytes/cytology
- Astrocytes/drug effects
- Astrocytes/metabolism
- Behavior, Animal/drug effects
- Cells, Cultured
- Chemokine CCL3/genetics
- Chemokine CCL3/metabolism
- Down-Regulation/drug effects
- Ganglia, Spinal/metabolism
- Ganglia, Spinal/pathology
- Interleukin-1beta/genetics
- Interleukin-1beta/metabolism
- Interleukin-6/genetics
- Interleukin-6/metabolism
- Male
- Microglia/cytology
- Microglia/drug effects
- Microglia/metabolism
- Neuralgia/chemically induced
- Neuralgia/drug therapy
- Neuralgia/pathology
- Pyrimidines/pharmacology
- Pyrimidines/therapeutic use
- Rats
- Rats, Wistar
- Receptors, CXCR3/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, CXCR3/metabolism
- Receptors, Interleukin-8B/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Interleukin-8B/metabolism
- Spinal Cord/metabolism
- Spinal Cord/pathology
- Stress, Mechanical
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17
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Hammond BP, Manek R, Kerr BJ, Macauley MS, Plemel JR. Regulation of microglia population dynamics throughout development, health, and disease. Glia 2021; 69:2771-2797. [PMID: 34115410 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The dynamic expansions and contractions of the microglia population in the central nervous system (CNS) to achieve homeostasis are likely vital for their function. Microglia respond to injury or disease but also help guide neurodevelopment, modulate neural circuitry throughout life, and direct regeneration. Throughout these processes, microglia density changes, as does the volume of area that each microglia surveys. Given that microglia are responsible for sensing subtle alterations to their environment, a change in their density could affect their capacity to mobilize rapidly. In this review, we attempt to synthesize the current literature on the ligands and conditions that promote microglial proliferation across development, adulthood, and neurodegenerative conditions. Microglia display an impressive proliferative capacity during development and in neurodegenerative diseases that is almost completely absent at homeostasis. However, the appropriate function of microglia in each state is critically dependent on density fluctuations that are primarily induced by proliferation. Proliferation is a natural microglial response to insult and often serves neuroprotective functions. In contrast, inappropriate microglial proliferation, whether too much or too little, often precipitates undesirable consequences for nervous system health. Thus, fluctuations in the microglia population are tightly regulated to ensure these immune cells can execute their diverse functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brady P Hammond
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Rupali Manek
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Bradley J Kerr
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Anesthesiology & Pain Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Matthew S Macauley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jason R Plemel
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Division of Neurology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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18
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Prado J, Westerink RHS, Popov-Celeketic J, Steen-Louws C, Pandit A, Versteeg S, van de Worp W, Kanters DHAJ, Reedquist KA, Koenderman L, Hack CE, Eijkelkamp N. Cytokine receptor clustering in sensory neurons with an engineered cytokine fusion protein triggers unique pain resolution pathways. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2009647118. [PMID: 33836560 PMCID: PMC7980471 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2009647118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
New therapeutic approaches to resolve persistent pain are highly needed. We tested the hypothesis that manipulation of cytokine receptors on sensory neurons by clustering regulatory cytokine receptor pairs with a fusion protein of interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-10 (IL4-10 FP) would redirect signaling pathways to optimally boost pain-resolution pathways. We demonstrate that a population of mouse sensory neurons express both receptors for the regulatory cytokines IL-4 and IL-10. This population increases during persistent inflammatory pain. Triggering these receptors with IL4-10 FP has unheralded biological effects, because it resolves inflammatory pain in both male and female mice. Knockdown of both IL4 and IL10 receptors in sensory neurons in vivo ablated the IL4-10 FP-mediated inhibition of inflammatory pain. Knockdown of either one of the receptors prevented the analgesic gain-of-function of IL4-10 FP. In vitro, IL4-10 FP inhibited inflammatory mediator-induced neuronal sensitization more effectively than the combination of cytokines, confirming its superior activity. The IL4-10 FP, contrary to the combination of IL-4 and IL-10, promoted clustering of IL-4 and IL-10 receptors in sensory neurons, leading to unique signaling, that is exemplified by activation of shifts in the cellular kinome and transcriptome. Interrogation of the potentially involved signal pathways led us to identify JAK1 as a key downstream signaling element that mediates the superior analgesic effects of IL4-10 FP. Thus, IL4-10 FP constitutes an immune-biologic that clusters regulatory cytokine receptors in sensory neurons to transduce unique signaling pathways required for full resolution of persistent inflammatory pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Prado
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584 EA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Remco H S Westerink
- Neurotoxicology Research Group, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CM Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jelena Popov-Celeketic
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584 EA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Cristine Steen-Louws
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584 EA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Aridaman Pandit
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584 EA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Sabine Versteeg
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584 EA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Wouter van de Worp
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584 EA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Deon H A J Kanters
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584 EA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Kris A Reedquist
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584 EA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Leo Koenderman
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584 EA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - C Erik Hack
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584 EA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Niels Eijkelkamp
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584 EA Utrecht, The Netherlands;
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19
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Weiss BD, Wolters PL, Plotkin SR, Widemann BC, Tonsgard JH, Blakeley J, Allen JC, Schorry E, Korf B, Robison NJ, Goldman S, Vinks AA, Emoto C, Fukuda T, Robinson CT, Cutter G, Edwards L, Dombi E, Ratner N, Packer R, Fisher MJ. NF106: A Neurofibromatosis Clinical Trials Consortium Phase II Trial of the MEK Inhibitor Mirdametinib (PD-0325901) in Adolescents and Adults With NF1-Related Plexiform Neurofibromas. J Clin Oncol 2021; 39:797-806. [PMID: 33507822 PMCID: PMC8078274 DOI: 10.1200/jco.20.02220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) frequently develop plexiform neurofibromas (PNs), which can cause significant morbidity. We performed a phase II trial of the MAPK/ERK kinase inhibitor, mirdametinib (PD-0325901), in patients with NF1 and inoperable PNs. The primary objective was response rate based on volumetric magnetic resonance imaging analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Bruce Korf
- University of Alabama-Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | | | | | | | - Chie Emoto
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, OH
| | | | | | - Gary Cutter
- University of Alabama-Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | | | - Eva Dombi
- NCI, Center for Cancer Research, Bethesda, MD
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20
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Ou GY, Lin WW, Zhao WJ. Neuregulins in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:662474. [PMID: 33897409 PMCID: PMC8064692 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.662474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), are typically characterized by progressive neuronal loss and neurological dysfunctions in the nervous system, affecting both memory and motor functions. Neuregulins (NRGs) belong to the epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like family of extracellular ligands and they play an important role in the development, maintenance, and repair of both the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS) through the ErbB signaling pathway. They also regulate multiple intercellular signal transduction and participate in a wide range of biological processes, such as differentiation, migration, and myelination. In this review article, we summarized research on the changes and roles of NRGs in neurodegenerative diseases, especially in AD. We elaborated on the structural features of each NRG subtype and roles of NRG/ErbB signaling networks in neurodegenerative diseases. We also discussed the therapeutic potential of NRGs in the symptom remission of neurodegenerative diseases, which may offer hope for advancing related treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guan-yong Ou
- Center for Neuroscience, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Wen-wen Lin
- Center for Neuroscience, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Wei-jiang Zhao
- Center for Neuroscience, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Cell Biology Department, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- *Correspondence: Wei-jiang Zhao
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21
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Ho IHT, Chan MTV, Wu WKK, Liu X. Spinal microglia-neuron interactions in chronic pain. J Leukoc Biol 2020; 108:1575-1592. [PMID: 32573822 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.3mr0520-695r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Current deficiency in our understanding of acute-to-chronic pain transition remains a hurdle for developing effective treatments against chronic pain. Whereas neurocentric mechanisms alone are insufficient to provide satisfactory explanation for such transition, neuro-immune crosstalk has attracted attention in recent pain research. In contrast to brain microglia, spinal microglia are activated immediately in various pain states. The fast-responsive enrichment and activation of spinal microglia among different pain conditions have highlighted the crucial role of neuroinflammation caused by microglia-neuron crosstalk in pain initiation. Recent studies have revealed spinal microglia-neuron interactions are also involved in chronic pain maintenance, albeit, with different anatomic distribution, cellular and molecular mechanisms, and biologic functions. Delineating the exact temporal discrepancies of spinal microglia distribution and functions along acute-to-chronic pain transition may provide additional mechanistic insights for drug development to prevent deterioration of acute pain into the chronic state. This narrative review summerizes the longitudinal alterations of spinal microglia-neuron interactions in the initiation of pain hypersensitivity, acute-to-chronic pain progression, and chronic pain maintenance, followed by an overview of current clinical translation of preclinical studies on spinal microglia. This review highlights the crucial role of the interaction between spinal microglia and neighboring neurons in the initiation and maintenance of pain hypersensitivity, in relation to the release of cytokines, chemokines, and neuroactive substances, as well as the modulation of synaptic plasticity. Further exploration of the uncharted functions of spinal microglia-neuron crosstalk may lead to the design of novel drugs for preventing acute-to-chronic pain transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Idy H T Ho
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR.,Peter Hung Pain Research Institute, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Matthew T V Chan
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR.,Peter Hung Pain Research Institute, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR
| | - William K K Wu
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR.,Peter Hung Pain Research Institute, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR.,State Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, LKS Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Xiaodong Liu
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR.,Peter Hung Pain Research Institute, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR
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22
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Hu X, Li R, Wu Y, Li Y, Zhong X, Zhang G, Kang Y, Liu S, Xie L, Ye J, Xiao J. Thermosensitive heparin-poloxamer hydrogel encapsulated bFGF and NGF to treat spinal cord injury. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:8166-8178. [PMID: 32515141 PMCID: PMC7348165 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The application of growth factors (GFs) for treating chronic spinal cord injury (SCI) has been shown to promote axonal regeneration and functional recovery. However, direct administration of GFs is limited by their rapid degradation and dilution at the injured sites. Moreover, SCI recovery is a multifactorial process that requires multiple GFs to participate in tissue regeneration. Based on these facts, controlled delivery of multiple growth factors (GFs) to lesion areas is becoming an attractive strategy for repairing SCI. Presently, we developed a GFs‐based delivery system (called GFs‐HP) that consisted of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), nerve growth factor (NGF) and heparin‐poloxamer (HP) hydrogel through self‐assembly mode. This GFs‐HP was a kind of thermosensitive hydrogel that was suitable for orthotopic administration in vivo. Meanwhile, a 3D porous structure of this hydrogel is commonly used to load large amounts of GFs. After single injection of GFs‐HP into the lesioned spinal cord, the sustained release of NGF and bFGF from HP could significantly improve neuronal survival, axon regeneration, reactive astrogliosis suppression and locomotor recovery, when compared with the treatment of free GFs or HP. Moreover, we also revealed that these neuroprotective and neuroregenerative effects of GFs‐HP were likely through activating the phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase and protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt) and mitogen‐activated protein kinase/extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (MAPK/ERK) signalling pathways. Overall, our work will provide an effective therapeutic strategy for SCI repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Hu
- Department of Anesthesia, The First Affiliated Hospital, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China.,Molecular Pharmacology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Anesthesia, The First Affiliated Hospital, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China.,Molecular Pharmacology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanqing Wu
- The Institute of Life Sciences, Engineering Laboratory of Zhejiang Province for Pharmaceutical Development of Growth Factors, Biomedical Collaborative Innovation Center of Wenzhou, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Anesthesia, The First Affiliated Hospital, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Xingfeng Zhong
- Department of Anesthesia, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Guanyinsheng Zhang
- Department of Anesthesia, The First Affiliated Hospital, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Yanmin Kang
- Department of Anesthesia, The First Affiliated Hospital, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Shuhua Liu
- Department of Anesthesia, The First Affiliated Hospital, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Ling Xie
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Junming Ye
- Department of Anesthesia, The First Affiliated Hospital, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Jian Xiao
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,The Institute of Life Sciences, Engineering Laboratory of Zhejiang Province for Pharmaceutical Development of Growth Factors, Biomedical Collaborative Innovation Center of Wenzhou, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
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23
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Schram S, Loeb JA, Song F. Disease propagation in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS): an interplay between genetics and environment. J Neuroinflammation 2020; 17:175. [PMID: 32505190 PMCID: PMC7276078 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-020-01849-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive, fatal disease affecting the neuromuscular system. While there have been a number of important genetic discoveries, there are no therapeutics capable of stopping its insidious progression. Lessons from clinical histories reveal that ALS can start focally at a single limb, but then segmentally spread up and down the spinal cord as well as in the motor cortex and cortex of frontal and temporal lobes until respiratory muscles fail. With or without a clear genetic etiology, often there is no explanation as to why it starts in one region of the body versus another. Similarly, once the disease starts the mechanisms by which the neurodegenerative process spreads are not known. Here, we summarize recent work in animal models that support the hypothesis that critical environmental contributions, such as a nerve injury, can initiate the disease process. We also propose that pathological axoglial signaling by the glial growth factor neuregulin-1 leads to the slow propagation of neuroinflammation resulting in neurodegeneration up and down the spinal cord and that locally applied drugs that block neuregulin-1 signaling could slow or halt the spread of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Schram
- Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation, University of Illinois at Chicago, NPI North Bldg., Room 657, M/C 796, 912 S. Wood Street, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Jeffrey A Loeb
- Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation, University of Illinois at Chicago, NPI North Bldg., Room 657, M/C 796, 912 S. Wood Street, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.
| | - Fei Song
- Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation, University of Illinois at Chicago, NPI North Bldg., Room 657, M/C 796, 912 S. Wood Street, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.
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24
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Shin N, Shin HJ, Yi Y, Beom J, Lee W, Lee CH, Kim DW. p66shc siRNA-Encapsulated PLGA Nanoparticles Ameliorate Neuropathic Pain Following Spinal Nerve Ligation. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12051014. [PMID: 32365512 PMCID: PMC7284875 DOI: 10.3390/polym12051014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
p66shc, a member of the shc adaptor protein family, has been shown to participate in regulation of mitochondrial homeostasis, apoptosis, and autophagosome formation. The present study was performed to investigate whether p66shc siRNA-encapsulated poly(d,l-lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles (p66shc siRNA-PLGA NPs) can attenuate spinal nerve ligation (SNL)-induced neuropathic pain in rats. The SNL-induced pain behavior was decreased in the p66shc siRNA-PLGA NP-treated group compared with the scrambled siRNA-PLGA NP-treated group. In the L5 spinal cord of the p66shc siRNA-PLGA NP-treated group, expression levels of phosphorylated p66shc, cleaved caspase-3, p62, and PINK1, as well as microglial activation, were also decreased. In addition, p66shc knockdown using p66shc siRNA reduced the expression levels of cleaved caspase-3, p62, and PINK1, as well as proinflammatory mediators in the H2O2-treated HT22 neuronal cells. These results suggest that downregulation of p66shc expression in the spinal cord using p66shc siRNA-PLGA NPs could reduce the SNL-induced neuropathic pain by attenuating the SNL-induced aberrant autophagic, mitophagic, and neuroinflammatory processes in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nara Shin
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
- Department of Anatomy, Brain Research Institute, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
| | - Hyo Jung Shin
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
- Department of Anatomy, Brain Research Institute, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
| | - Yoonyoung Yi
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Hallym University and Gangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul 05355, Korea
| | - Jaewon Beom
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam 13620, Korea
| | - Wonhyung Lee
- Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon 35015, Korea
| | - Choong-Hyun Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea
- Correspondence: (C.-H.L.); (D.W.K.); Tel.: +82-41-550-1441 (C.-H.L.); +82-42-580-8201 (D.W.K.); Fax: +82-41-559-7899 (C.-H.L.); +82-42-586-4800 (D.W.K.)
| | - Dong Woon Kim
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
- Department of Anatomy, Brain Research Institute, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
- Correspondence: (C.-H.L.); (D.W.K.); Tel.: +82-41-550-1441 (C.-H.L.); +82-42-580-8201 (D.W.K.); Fax: +82-41-559-7899 (C.-H.L.); +82-42-586-4800 (D.W.K.)
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25
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Gene therapy for overexpressing Neuregulin 1 type I in skeletal muscles promotes functional improvement in the SOD1 G93A ALS mice. Neurobiol Dis 2020; 137:104793. [PMID: 32032731 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2020.104793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disorder affecting motoneurons (MNs), with no effective treatment currently available. The molecular mechanisms that are involved in MN death are complex and not fully understood, with partial contributions of surrounding glial cells and skeletal muscle to the disease. Neuregulin 1 (NRG1) is a trophic factor highly expressed in MNs and neuromuscular junctions. Recent studies have suggested a crucial role of the isoform I (NRG1-I) in the collateral reinnervation process in skeletal muscle, and NRG1-III in the preservation of MNs in the spinal cord, opening a window for developing novel therapies for neuromuscular diseases like ALS. In this study, we overexpressed NRG1-I widely in the skeletal muscles of the SOD1G93A transgenic mouse. The results show that NRG1 gene therapy activated the survival pathways in muscle and spinal cord, increasing the number of surviving MNs and neuromuscular junctions and reducing the astroglial reactivity in the spinal cord of the treated SOD1G93A mice. Furthermore, NRG1-I overexpression preserved motor function and delayed the onset of clinical disease. In summary, our data indicates that NRG1 plays an important role on MN survival and muscle innervation in ALS, and that viral-mediated overexpression of NRG1 isoforms may be considered as a promising approach for ALS treatment.
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26
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Goncalves MB, Moehlin J, Clarke E, Grist J, Hobbs C, Carr AM, Jack J, Mendoza-Parra MA, Corcoran JPT. RARβ Agonist Drug (C286) Demonstrates Efficacy in a Pre-clinical Neuropathic Pain Model Restoring Multiple Pathways via DNA Repair Mechanisms. iScience 2019; 20:554-566. [PMID: 31655065 PMCID: PMC6833472 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2019.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuropathic pain (NP) is associated with profound gene expression alterations within the nociceptive system. DNA mechanisms, such as epigenetic remodeling and repair pathways have been implicated in NP. Here we have used a rat model of peripheral nerve injury to study the effect of a recently developed RARβ agonist, C286, currently under clinical research, in NP. A 4-week treatment initiated 2 days after the injury normalized pain sensation. Genome-wide and pathway enrichment analysis showed that multiple mechanisms persistently altered in the spinal cord were restored to preinjury levels by the agonist. Concomitant upregulation of DNA repair proteins, ATM and BRCA1, the latter being required for C286-mediated pain modulation, suggests that early DNA repair may be important to prevent phenotypic epigenetic imprints in NP. Thus, C286 is a promising drug candidate for neuropathic pain and DNA repair mechanisms may be useful therapeutic targets to explore.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria B Goncalves
- The Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, King's College London, Guy's Campus, London SE1 1UL, UK.
| | - Julien Moehlin
- Génomique Métabolique, Genoscope, Institut François Jacob, CEA, CNRS, Univ Evry, Université Paris-Saclay, 91057 Evry, France
| | - Earl Clarke
- The Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, King's College London, Guy's Campus, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - John Grist
- The Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, King's College London, Guy's Campus, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Carl Hobbs
- The Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, King's College London, Guy's Campus, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Antony M Carr
- Genome Damage and Stability Centre, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9RQ, UK
| | - Julian Jack
- The Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, King's College London, Guy's Campus, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Marco Antonio Mendoza-Parra
- Génomique Métabolique, Genoscope, Institut François Jacob, CEA, CNRS, Univ Evry, Université Paris-Saclay, 91057 Evry, France.
| | - Jonathan P T Corcoran
- The Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, King's College London, Guy's Campus, London SE1 1UL, UK.
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27
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Cao S, Zhang D, Yuan J, Liu C, Zhou W, Zhang L, Yu S, Qin B, Li Y, Deng W. MicroRNA And Circular RNA Expression In Affected Skin Of Patients With Postherpetic Neuralgia. J Pain Res 2019; 12:2905-2913. [PMID: 31695480 PMCID: PMC6802488 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s221615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanisms of postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) are still not clear. Transcripts such as microRNA (miRNA) and circular RNA (circRNA) in the affected skin may take part in the initiation and development of this neuropathic pain; however, their expression profiles in skins of PHN patients have not been reported. The PHN affected skin and the mirror skin were collected and subjected to miRNA and circRNA microarray, and expression profiles were comparatively analyzed. There were 317 differently expressed miRNAs in PHN affected skin compared with mirror skin (fold change ≥2.0), and 13 of them showed fold change >10 in the PHN skin. Only one circRNA, hsa_circRNA_405463 showed fold change >2 in PHN skin, however, 31 circRNAs with fold change ≥1.5. To evaluate functions of differential miRNAs, their target mRNAs were predicted and bioinformatics analyses including gene ontology, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway were conducted. Target mRNAs significantly (P<0.05) enriched in 85 pathways, such as FoxO, AMPK, MAPK and pathway. These data reported for the first time that miRNA and circRNA differentially expressed in the PHN skin and these transcripts with abnormal expression could be potential targets to treat PHN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Cao
- Department of Pain Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, People's Republic of China.,Guizhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Organ Protection, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, People's Republic of China
| | - Dexin Zhang
- Department of Pain Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Yuan
- Department of Pain Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, People's Republic of China.,Guizhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Organ Protection, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengxi Liu
- Guizhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Organ Protection, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjing Zhou
- Guizhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Organ Protection, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Guizhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Organ Protection, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, People's Republic of China
| | - Shouyang Yu
- Guizhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Organ Protection, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, People's Republic of China
| | - Bangyong Qin
- Department of Pain Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Pain Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenwen Deng
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, People's Republic of China
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28
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Chen G, Zhang YQ, Qadri YJ, Serhan CN, Ji RR. Microglia in Pain: Detrimental and Protective Roles in Pathogenesis and Resolution of Pain. Neuron 2019; 100:1292-1311. [PMID: 30571942 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2018.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 466] [Impact Index Per Article: 93.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The previous decade has seen a rapid increase in microglial studies on pain, with a unique focus on microgliosis in the spinal cord after nerve injury and neuropathic pain. Numerous signaling molecules are altered in microglia and contribute to the pathogenesis of pain. Here, we discuss how microglial signaling regulates spinal cord synaptic plasticity in acute and chronic pain conditions with different degrees and variations of microgliosis. We highlight that microglial mediators such as pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines are powerful neuromodulators that regulate synaptic transmission and pain via neuron-glial interactions. We also reveal an emerging role of microglia in the resolution of pain, in part via specialized pro-resolving mediators including resolvins, protectins, and maresins. We also discuss a possible role of microglia in chronic itch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
| | - Yu-Qiu Zhang
- Institute of Neurobiology, Institutes of Brain Science and State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yawar J Qadri
- Center for Translational Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Charles N Serhan
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Hale Transformative Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ru-Rong Ji
- Center for Translational Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Neurobiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
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29
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Cebulla CM, Kim B, George V, Heisler-Taylor T, Hamadmad S, Reese AY, Kothari SS, Kusibati R, Wilson H, Abdel-Rahman MH. Oral Selumetinib Does Not Negatively Impact Photoreceptor Survival in Murine Experimental Retinal Detachment. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2019; 60:349-357. [PMID: 30682205 PMCID: PMC6348998 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.18-25405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (MAPK/ERK) signaling is neuroprotective in some retinal damage models but its role in neuronal survival during retinal detachment (RD) is unclear. In addition, serous RDs are a prevalent side effect of MEK inhibitors (MEKi), blocking MAPK/ERK signaling for treatment of certain cancers. We tested the hypothesis that MEKi treatment in experimental RD would increase photoreceptor death. Methods The MEKi selumetinib was delivered daily to C57BL/6 mice at a clinically relevant dose (10 mg/mL) starting 1 day prior to creating RD with subretinal hyaluronic acid injection. Photoreceptor TUNEL and outer nuclear layer (ONL) thickness were analyzed. Phospho-ERK1/2 (pERK) distribution, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) accumulation, and Iba-1 (microglia/macrophages) were evaluated with immunofluorescence. Results pERK accumulated in the Müller glia in detached retinas, but this was effectively blocked by selumetinib. Selumetinib did not induce serous RDs at day 1 and did not increase TUNEL positive photoreceptors or further decrease ONL thickness compared to controls. Retinal gliosis was not altered, but selumetinib did block the increase in intraretinal microglia/macrophage Iba-1 fluorescence intensity and acquisition of amoeboid morphology. Conclusions MAPK/ERK is neuroprotective in some retinal damage models; in RD, selumetinib blocked Müller pERK accumulation and changed the retinal microglia/macrophage phenotype but did not alter photoreceptor survival. This is consistent with the relatively good visual acuity seen in patients developing transient retinal detachments on MEK inhibitor therapy. Compensation by other neuroprotective pathways in the retina during retinal detachment may occur in the presence of MEK inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colleen M Cebulla
- Havener Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, United States
| | - Bongsu Kim
- Havener Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, United States
| | - Valerie George
- Havener Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, United States
| | - Tyler Heisler-Taylor
- Havener Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, United States.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University College of Engineering, Columbus, Ohio, United States
| | - Sumaya Hamadmad
- Havener Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, United States
| | - Alana Y Reese
- Havener Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, United States
| | - Shaili S Kothari
- Havener Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, United States
| | - Rania Kusibati
- Havener Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, United States
| | - Hailey Wilson
- Havener Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, United States
| | - Mohamed H Abdel-Rahman
- Havener Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, United States.,Division of Human Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, United States
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Kataria H, Alizadeh A, Karimi-Abdolrezaee S. Neuregulin-1/ErbB network: An emerging modulator of nervous system injury and repair. Prog Neurobiol 2019; 180:101643. [PMID: 31229498 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2019.101643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2019] [Revised: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Neuregulin-1 (Nrg-1) is a member of the Neuregulin family of growth factors with essential roles in the developing and adult nervous system. Six different types of Nrg-1 (Nrg-1 type I-VI) and over 30 isoforms have been discovered; however, their specific roles are not fully determined. Nrg-1 signals through a complex network of protein-tyrosine kinase receptors, ErbB2, ErbB3, ErbB4 and multiple intracellular pathways. Genetic and pharmacological studies of Nrg-1 and ErbB receptors have identified a critical role for Nrg-1/ErbB network in neurodevelopment including neuronal migration, neural differentiation, myelination as well as formation of synapses and neuromuscular junctions. Nrg-1 signaling is best known for its characterized role in development and repair of the peripheral nervous system (PNS) due to its essential role in Schwann cell development, survival and myelination. However, our knowledge of the impact of Nrg-1/ErbB on the central nervous system (CNS) has emerged in recent years. Ongoing efforts have uncovered a multi-faceted role for Nrg-1 in regulating CNS injury and repair processes. In this review, we provide a timely overview of the most recent updates on Nrg-1 signaling and its role in nervous system injury and diseases. We will specifically highlight the emerging role of Nrg-1 in modulating the glial and immune responses and its capacity to foster neuroprotection and remyelination in CNS injury. Nrg-1/ErbB network is a key regulatory pathway in the developing nervous system; therefore, unraveling its role in neuropathology and repair can aid in development of new therapeutic approaches for nervous system injuries and associated disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hardeep Kataria
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Regenerative Medicine Program, Spinal Cord Research Centre, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Arsalan Alizadeh
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Regenerative Medicine Program, Spinal Cord Research Centre, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Soheila Karimi-Abdolrezaee
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Regenerative Medicine Program, Spinal Cord Research Centre, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
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Microglial BDNF, PI3K, and p-ERK in the Spinal Cord Are Suppressed by Pulsed Radiofrequency on Dorsal Root Ganglion to Ease SNI-Induced Neuropathic Pain in Rats. Pain Res Manag 2019; 2019:5948686. [PMID: 31182984 PMCID: PMC6512068 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5948686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Background Pulsed radiofrequency (PRF) on the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) has been applied to alleviate neuropathic pain effectively, yet the mechanisms underlying pain reduction owing to this treatment are not clarified completely. The activated microglia, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), and phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p-ERK) in the spinal cord were demonstrated to be involved in developing neuropathic pain. Also, it has been just known that PRF on DRG inhibits the microglial activation in nerve injury rats. Here, we aim to investigate whether PRF treatment could regulate the levels of BDNF, PI3K, and p-ERK in the spinal cord of rats with spared nerve injury (SNI) via suppressing the spinal microglia activation to ease neuropathic pain. Methods The rats with SNI were intrathecally treated with minocycline (specific microglia inhibitor) or same volume of dimethyl sulfoxide once daily, beginning from 1 h before nerve transection to 7 days. PRF was applied adjacent to the L4-L5 DRG of rats with SNI at 45 V for 6 min on the seventh postoperative day, whereas the free-PRF rats were treated without PRF. The withdrawal thresholds were studied, and the spinal levels of ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 (Iba1), BDNF, PI3K, and p-ERK were calculated by western blot analysis, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, and immunofluorescence. Results The paw withdrawal mechanical threshold and paw withdrawal thermal latency decreased in the ipsilateral hind paws after SNI, and the spinal levels of Iba1, BDNF, PI3K, and p-ERK increased on day 21 after SNI compared with baseline (P < 0.01). An intrathecal injection of minocycline led to the reversal of SNI-induced allodynia and increase in levels of Iba1, BDNF, PI3K, and p-ERK. Withdrawal thresholds recovered partially after a single PRF treatment for 14 days, and SNI-induced microglia hyperactivity, BDNF upregulation, and PI3K and ERK phosphorylation in the spinal cord reduced on D14 due to the PRF procedure. Conclusion Microglial BDNF, PI3K, and p-ERK in the spinal cord are suppressed by the therapy of PRF on DRG to ease SNI-induced neuropathic pain in rats.
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Schram S, Chuang D, Schmidt G, Piponov H, Helder C, Kerns J, Gonzalez M, Song F, Loeb JA. Mutant SOD1 prevents normal functional recovery through enhanced glial activation and loss of motor neuron innervation after peripheral nerve injury. Neurobiol Dis 2019; 124:469-478. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2018.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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Salvany S, Casanovas A, Tarabal O, Piedrafita L, Hernández S, Santafé M, Soto-Bernardini MC, Calderó J, Schwab MH, Esquerda JE. Localization and dynamic changes of neuregulin-1 at C-type synaptic boutons in association with motor neuron injury and repair. FASEB J 2019; 33:7833-7851. [PMID: 30912977 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201802329r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
C-type synaptic boutons (C-boutons) provide cholinergic afferent input to spinal cord motor neurons (MNs), which display an endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-related subsurface cistern (SSC) adjacent to their postsynaptic membrane. A constellation of postsynaptic proteins is clustered at C-boutons, including M2 muscarinic receptors, potassium channels, and σ-1 receptors. In addition, we previously found that neuregulin (NRG)1 is associated with C-boutons at postsynaptic SSCs, whereas its ErbB receptors are located in the presynaptic compartment. C-bouton-mediated regulation of MN excitability has been implicated in MN disease, but NRG1-mediated functions and the impact of various pathologic conditions on C-bouton integrity have not been studied in detail. Here, we investigated changes in C-boutons after electrical stimulation, pharmacological treatment, and peripheral nerve axotomy. SSC-linked NRG1 clusters were severely disrupted in acutely stressed MNs and after tunicamycin-induced ER stress. In axotomized MNs, C-bouton loss occurred in concomitance with microglial recruitment and was prevented by the ER stress inhibitor salubrinal. Activated microglia displayed a positive chemotaxis to C-boutons. Analysis of transgenic mice overexpressing NRG1 type I and type III isoforms in MNs indicated that NRG1 type III acts as an organizer of SSC-like structures, whereas NRG1 type I promotes synaptogenesis of presynaptic cholinergic terminals. Moreover, MN-derived NRG1 signals may regulate the activity of perineuronal microglial cells. Together, these data provide new insights into the molecular and cellular pathology of C-boutons in MN injury and suggest that distinct NRG1 isoform-mediated signaling functions regulate the complex matching between pre- and postsynaptic C-bouton elements.-Salvany, S., Casanovas, A., Tarabal, O., Piedrafita, L., Hernández, S., Santafé, M., Soto-Bernardini, M. C., Calderó, J., Schwab, M. H., Esquerda, J. E. Localization and dynamic changes of neuregulin-1 at C-type synaptic boutons in association with motor neuron injury and repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Salvany
- Unitat de Neurobiologia Cellular, Departament de Medicina Experimental, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Lleida-Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida (IRBLLEIDA), Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Anna Casanovas
- Unitat de Neurobiologia Cellular, Departament de Medicina Experimental, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Lleida-Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida (IRBLLEIDA), Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Olga Tarabal
- Unitat de Neurobiologia Cellular, Departament de Medicina Experimental, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Lleida-Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida (IRBLLEIDA), Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Lídia Piedrafita
- Unitat de Neurobiologia Cellular, Departament de Medicina Experimental, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Lleida-Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida (IRBLLEIDA), Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Sara Hernández
- Unitat de Neurobiologia Cellular, Departament de Medicina Experimental, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Lleida-Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida (IRBLLEIDA), Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Manuel Santafé
- Unitat d'Histologia i Neurobiologia (UHN), Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Catalonia, Spain
| | - María Clara Soto-Bernardini
- Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica (TEC), Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología (CIB), Escuela de Biología, Cartago, Costa Rica
| | - Jordi Calderó
- Unitat de Neurobiologia Cellular, Departament de Medicina Experimental, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Lleida-Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida (IRBLLEIDA), Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Markus H Schwab
- Institute of Cellular Neurophysiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Center for Systems Neuroscience (ZSN), University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Josep E Esquerda
- Unitat de Neurobiologia Cellular, Departament de Medicina Experimental, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Lleida-Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida (IRBLLEIDA), Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
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A new hypothesis for the pathophysiology of complex regional pain syndrome. Med Hypotheses 2018; 119:41-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2018.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Revised: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Wang ZQ, Xiu DH, Liu GF, Jiang JL. Overexpression of Neuregulin-1 (NRG-1) Gene Contributes to Surgical Repair of Brachial Plexus Injury After Contralateral C7 Nerve Root Transfer in Rats. Med Sci Monit 2018; 24:5779-5787. [PMID: 30121695 PMCID: PMC6111774 DOI: 10.12659/msm.908144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Surgeons usually transfer the contralateral C7 to the median nerve on the injured side via a nerve graft to recover sensation and movement in a paralyzed hand. The purpose of our study was to determine whether NRG-1 affects the recovery of nerve function in brachial plexus injury after contralateral C7 nerve root transfer in a rat model. Material/Methods An injury model of left brachial plexus and contralateral C7 nerve root transfer was established. Four weeks after the operation, NRG-1 expression was examined by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis. The diameter rate differences of the healthy limb and affected limb were estimated. The postoperative mass of the left latissimus dorsi, triceps, extensor carpi radialis brevis, and musculus extensor digitorum were examined. The number of nerve fibers and typical area of the affected side were assessed. Postoperative left motor nerve conduction velocity (MNCV) and motor nerve action potential (MNAP) were tested by use of a biological information recording and collecting system. Results Eukaryotic expression plasmid of pcDNA4/myc/A-NRG-1 was successfully constructed, and NRG-1 was overexpressed. Compared with the model group, the NRG-1 group had a lower rate of differences of the limbs; higher mass of left latissimus dorsi, triceps, extensor carpi radialis brevis, and musculus extensor digitorum; more nerve fibers and larger typical area in the affected side, left MNCV, and MNAP; and wider CSA of the left triceps. Conclusions These results demonstrated that NRG-1 can promote recovery of nerve function in brachial plexus injury after contralateral C7 nerve root transfer in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zong-Qiang Wang
- Medical Department, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China (mainland)
| | - Dian-Hui Xiu
- Department of Radiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China (mainland)
| | - Gui-Feng Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China (mainland)
| | - Jin-Lan Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China (mainland).,Scientific Research Center, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China (mainland)
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Li R, Li Y, Wu Y, Zhao Y, Chen H, Yuan Y, Xu K, Zhang H, Lu Y, Wang J, Li X, Jia X, Xiao J. Heparin-Poloxamer Thermosensitive Hydrogel Loaded with bFGF and NGF Enhances Peripheral Nerve Regeneration in Diabetic Rats. Biomaterials 2018; 168:24-37. [PMID: 29609091 PMCID: PMC5935004 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.03.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Revised: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral nerve injury (PNI) is a major burden to society with limited therapeutic options, and novel biomaterials have great potential for shifting the current paradigm of treatment. With a rising prevalence of chronic illnesses such as diabetes mellitus (DM), treatment of PNI is further complicated, and only few studies have proposed therapies suitable for peripheral nerve regeneration in DM. To provide a supportive environment to restore structure and/or function of nerves in DM, we developed a novel thermo-sensitive heparin-poloxamer (HP) hydrogel co-delivered with basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and nerve growth factor (NGF) in diabetic rats with sciatic nerve crush injury. The delivery vehicle not only had a good affinity for large amounts of growth factors (GFs), but also controlled their release in a steady fashion, preventing degradation in vitro. In vivo, compared with HP hydrogel alone or direct GFs administration, GFs-HP hydrogel treatment is more effective at facilitating Schwann cell (SC) proliferation, leading to an increased expression of nerve associated structural proteins, enhanced axonal regeneration and remyelination, and improved recovery of motor function (all p < 0.05). Our mechanistic investigation also revealed that these neuroprotective and neuroregenerative effects of the GFs-HP hydrogel may be associated with activations of phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase and protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt), janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (JAK/STAT3), and mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (MAPK/ERK) signaling pathways. Our work provides a promising therapy option for peripheral nerve regeneration in patients with DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Li
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Yiyang Li
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Yanqing Wu
- The Institute of Life Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Yingzheng Zhao
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Huanwen Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Ke Xu
- The Institute of Life Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Hongyu Zhang
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Yingfeng Lu
- Department of Peripheral Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Peripheral Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
| | - Xiaokun Li
- The Institute of Life Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Xiaofeng Jia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Orthopaedics, Anatomy Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
| | - Jian Xiao
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China.
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Hei Y, Chen R, Yi X, Wei L, Long Q, Liu W. The Expression of Hippocampal NRG1/ErbB4 Correlates With Neuronal Apoptosis, but Not With Glial Activation During Chronic Cerebral Hypoperfusion. Front Aging Neurosci 2018; 10:149. [PMID: 29875654 PMCID: PMC5974051 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2018.00149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Permanent bilateral common carotid occlusion (2VO) is well-established to investigate the chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH)-induced cognitive deficits. Besides, previous studies suggested that disturbance of Neuregulin1 (NRG1)/ErbB4 signaling is associated with cognitive impairments, as well as neuronal apoptosis and neuroinflammation in CNS. However, the expression pattern of hippocampal NRG1/ErbB4 has not been systematically investigated during CCH. Here, we aim to investigate the temporal changes of hippocampal NRG1/ErbB4 during CCH and their possible relationship with neuronal apoptosis and glial activation. Morris water maze (MWM) and Radial arm water maze (RAWM) tests were used to analyze cognitive impairment in 2VO rats at 28 days post-surgery, and Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA), western blotting and immunostaining were performed at different time points (24 h, 7 days, 14 days, 28 days) to detect the expression pattern of NRG1/ErbB4 and the distribution of ErbB4. Neuronal nuclei (NeuN), NeuN/TUNEL, Iba1 and GFAP immunostaining and caspase activity in hippocampal CA1 subarea were assessed during CCH as well. We found that the expression of NRG1 and phosphorylated ErbB4 (pErbB4)/ErbB4 changed in a time-dependent manner (up-regulated in the acute phase and then decreased in the chronic phase of CCH). Besides, ErbB4-expressed neurons and selective types of GABAergic cells decreased after CCH, but the distribution pattern of ErbB4 remained unchanged. In addition, the expression of hippocampal NRG1/ErbB4 positively correlated with the level of neuronal apoptosis (both NeuN/TUNEL immunostaining and caspase-3 activity), but not with glial activation according to Pearson’s correlation. These findings indicated that hippocampal NRG1/ErbB4 may be involved in the pathogenesis of CCH, especially neuronal apoptosis during CCH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Hei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Rong Chen
- Department of Neurology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xicai Yi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lizhou Wei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qianfa Long
- Department of Neurosurgery, Institute of Mini-invasive Neurosurgery and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Weiping Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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Georgieva M, Leeson-Payne A, Dumitrascuta M, Rajnicek A, Malcangio M, Huang W. A refined rat primary neonatal microglial culture method that reduces time, cost and animal use. J Neurosci Methods 2018; 304:92-102. [PMID: 29705403 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2018.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Primary microglial cultures have been used extensively to facilitate the development of therapeutic strategies for a variety of CNS disorders including neurodegeneration and neuropathic pain. However, existing techniques for culturing these cells are slow and costly. NEW METHOD Here, we report a refined protocol based on our previously published methods described by Clark et al., which reduces in the time, reagents and the number of animals used for each culture whilst yielding high number and excellent quality microglial cells. RESULTS Our refined protocol offers an isolation of >96% microglia from a mixed glial culture after only four days of incubation. It results in a high yield of microglia, in excess of one million cells per cortex with predominantly resting morphology and a low level of cell activation. COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHOD(S) Compared to conventional procedures our refined protocol requires only one third of the time to prepare high quality microglial cultures, cuts the cost more than four-fold, and significantly reduces the number of animals used per culture. CONCLUSION Our consistent, reliable, and time/cost effective microglial culture protocol is crucial for efficient in vitro screening of potential therapeutics. By dramatically reducing the culture time from 2 weeks to just 4 days and increasing the laboratory research output it has implications for the Reduction, Refinement and Replacement policies endorsed by many government funding agencies and animal research regulatory bodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marieta Georgieva
- The University of Aberdeen, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences & Nutrition, Institute of Medical Sciences, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, Scotland, AB25, 2ZD, United Kingdom.
| | - Alasdair Leeson-Payne
- The University of Aberdeen, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences & Nutrition, Institute of Medical Sciences, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, Scotland, AB25, 2ZD, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Dumitrascuta
- The University of Aberdeen, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences & Nutrition, Institute of Medical Sciences, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, Scotland, AB25, 2ZD, United Kingdom
| | - Ann Rajnicek
- The University of Aberdeen, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences & Nutrition, Institute of Medical Sciences, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, Scotland, AB25, 2ZD, United Kingdom
| | - Marzia Malcangio
- King's College London, Wolfson Centre for Age Related Diseases, WW 2.22, Wolfson Wing, Hodgkin Building, Guy's, London, United Kingdom
| | - Wenlong Huang
- The University of Aberdeen, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences & Nutrition, Institute of Medical Sciences, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, Scotland, AB25, 2ZD, United Kingdom
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Allender E, Deol H, Schram S, Maheras KJ, Gow A, Simpson EH, Song F. Neuregulin1 modulation of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). J Neuroimmunol 2018. [PMID: 29534847 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2018.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Neuregulin1 (NRG1) is a differentiation factor that regulates glial development, survival, synaptogenesis, axoglial interactions, and microglial activation. We previously reported that a targeted NRG1 antagonist (HBD-S-H4) given intrathecally, reduces inflammatory microglial activation in a spinal cord pain model and a neurodegenerative disease mouse model in vivo, suggesting that it may have effects in neuroninflammatory and neuronal disorders. We hypothesized that expression of HBD-S-H4 in the central nervous system (CNS) could reduce disease severity in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a widely used animal model for multiple sclerosis (MS). In the present study, we generated tetO-HBD-S-H4, a single transgenic (Tg) mouse line in, which the fusion protein in expressed in the brain, resulting in reduction of disease severity in both male and female mice when compared to sex- and age-matched wild type littermates. We also generated GFAP-tTA:tetO-HBD-S-H4 double Tg mice, which express this fusion protein in the brain and the spinal cord, they displayed sex differences in the reduction of disease severity. In healthy mice, expression of HBD-S-H4 in the CNS does not result in any significant neurological or other overt phenotypes. In myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)-induced EAE, female double Tg mice show delayed disease onset and reduced disease severity compared to male double Tg as well as wild type littermates. In male double Tg mice, the levels of HBD-S-H4 gene expression negatively correlates with disease severity and increased microglia associated genes' expression. In conclusion, expression of neuregulin antagonist in the brain and spinal cord protects females but not males, suggesting a complex interplay between NRG1 and sex difference in EAE that may be associated with microglia-mediated inflammation. This study provides important information for understanding the heterogeneity of disease pathology and the therapeutic potential of targeting microglial activation in male and female MS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise Allender
- Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation, University of Illinois at Chicago, United States
| | | | - Sarah Schram
- Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation, University of Illinois at Chicago, United States
| | | | - Alexander Gow
- The Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, United States; Carman and Ann Adams Department of Pediatrics, United States; Department of Neurology, Wayne State University, Detroit, United States
| | | | - Fei Song
- Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation, University of Illinois at Chicago, United States.
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Alizadeh A, Santhosh KT, Kataria H, Gounni AS, Karimi-Abdolrezaee S. Neuregulin-1 elicits a regulatory immune response following traumatic spinal cord injury. J Neuroinflammation 2018; 15:53. [PMID: 29467001 PMCID: PMC5822667 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-018-1093-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Spinal cord injury (SCI) triggers a robust neuroinflammatory response that governs secondary injury mechanisms with both degenerative and pro-regenerative effects. Identifying new immunomodulatory therapies to promote the supportive aspect of immune response is critically needed for the treatment of SCI. We previously demonstrated that SCI results in acute and permanent depletion of the neuronally derived Neuregulin-1 (Nrg-1) in the spinal cord. Increasing the dysregulated level of Nrg-1 through acute intrathecal Nrg-1 treatment enhanced endogenous cell replacement and promoted white matter preservation and functional recovery in rat SCI. Moreover, we identified a neuroprotective role for Nrg-1 in moderating the activity of resident astrocytes and microglia following injury. To date, the impact of Nrg-1 on immune response in SCI has not yet been investigated. In this study, we elucidated the effect of systemic Nrg-1 therapy on the recruitment and function of macrophages, T cells, and B cells, three major leukocyte populations involved in neuroinflammatory processes following SCI. Methods We utilized a clinically relevant model of moderately severe compressive SCI in female Sprague-Dawley rats. Nrg-1 (2 μg/day) or saline was delivered subcutaneously through osmotic mini-pumps starting 30 min after SCI. We conducted flow cytometry, quantitative real-time PCR, and immunohistochemistry at acute, subacute, and chronic stages of SCI to investigate the effects of Nrg-1 treatment on systemic and spinal cord immune response as well as cytokine, chemokine, and antibody production. Results We provide novel evidence that Nrg-1 promotes a pro-regenerative immune response after SCI. Bioavailability of Nrg-1 stimulated a regulatory phenotype in T and B cells and augmented the population of M2 macrophages in the spinal cord and blood during the acute and chronic stages of SCI. Importantly, Nrg-1 fostered a more balanced microenvironment in the injured spinal cord by attenuating antibody deposition and expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines while upregulating pro-regenerative mediators. Conclusion We provide the first evidence of a significant regulatory role for Nrg-1 in neuroinflammation after SCI. Importantly, the present study establishes the promise of systemic Nrg-1 treatment as a candidate immunotherapy for traumatic SCI and other CNS neuroinflammatory conditions. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12974-018-1093-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arsalan Alizadeh
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Spinal Cord Research Centre, University of Manitoba, 629-Basic Medical Sciences Building, 745 Bannatyne Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3E 0J9, Canada
| | - Kallivalappil T Santhosh
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Spinal Cord Research Centre, University of Manitoba, 629-Basic Medical Sciences Building, 745 Bannatyne Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3E 0J9, Canada
| | - Hardeep Kataria
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Spinal Cord Research Centre, University of Manitoba, 629-Basic Medical Sciences Building, 745 Bannatyne Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3E 0J9, Canada
| | - Abdelilah S Gounni
- Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Soheila Karimi-Abdolrezaee
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Spinal Cord Research Centre, University of Manitoba, 629-Basic Medical Sciences Building, 745 Bannatyne Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3E 0J9, Canada.
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Oncogenic function and clinical implications of SLC3A2-NRG1 fusion in invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma of the lung. Oncotarget 2018; 7:69450-69465. [PMID: 27626312 PMCID: PMC5342490 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The neuregulin 1 (NRG1) fusion is a recently identified novel driver oncogene in invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma of the lung (IMA). After identification of a case of SLC3A2-NRG1 in a patient with IMA, we verified this fusion gene in a cohort of 59 patients with IMA. Targeted cancer panel sequencing and RT-PCR identified the possible coexistence of other driver oncogenes. Among 59 IMAs, we found 16 NRG1 fusions (13 SLC3A2-NRG1 and 3 CD74-NRG1). Of 16 patients with NRG1 fusions, concurrent KRAS codon 12 mutations were found in 10 cases. We also found concurrent NRAS Q61L mutation and EML4-ALK fusion in additional two cases with NRG1 fusions. When comparing overall survival (OS) according to the presence of NRG1 fusions showed that patients harboring NRG1 fusions had significantly inferior OS than those without NRG1 fusions (hazard ratio = 0.286; 95% confidence interval, .094 to .865). Ectopic expression of the SLC3A2-NRG1 fusion in lung cancer cells increased cell migration, proliferation and tumor growth in vitro and in xenograft models, suggesting oncogenic function for the fusion protein. We found that the SLC3A2-NRG1 fusion promoted ERBB2-ERBB3 phosphorylation and heteroduplex formation and activated the downstream PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway through paracrine signaling. These findings suggested that the SLC3A2-NRG1 fusion was a driver in IMA with an important prognostic impact. SLC3A2-NRG1 should be considered a therapeutic target for patients with IMA.
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Microglia in neuropathic pain: cellular and molecular mechanisms and therapeutic potential. Nat Rev Neurosci 2018; 19:138-152. [DOI: 10.1038/nrn.2018.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 365] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Fu PC, Tang RH, Yu ZY, Xie MJ, Wang W, Luo X. The Rho-associated kinase inhibitors Y27632 and fasudil promote microglial migration in the spinal cord via the ERK signaling pathway. Neural Regen Res 2018; 13:677-683. [PMID: 29722320 PMCID: PMC5950678 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.230294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Rho-associated kinase (ROCK) is a key regulatory protein involved in inflammatory secretion in microglia in the central nervous system. Our previous studies showed that ROCK inhibition enhances phagocytic activity in microglia through the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathway, but its effect on microglial migration was unknown. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the effects of the ROCK inhibitors Y27632 and fasudil on the migratory activity of primary cultured microglia isolated from the spinal cord, and we examined the underlying mechanisms. The microglia were treated with Y27632, fasudil and/or the ERK inhibitor U0126. Cellular morphology was observed by immunofluorescence. Transwell chambers were used to assess cell migration. ERK levels were measured by in-cell western blot assay. Y27632 and fasudil increased microglial migration, and the microglia were irregularly shaped and had many small processes. These inhibitors also upregulated the levels of phosphorylated ERK protein. The ERK inhibitor U0126 suppressed these effects of Y27632 and fasudil. These findings suggest that the ROCK inhibitors Y27632 and fasudil promote microglial migration in the spinal cord through the ERK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Cai Fu
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Rong-Hua Tang
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Zhi-Yuan Yu
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education of China, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Min-Jie Xie
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education of China, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education of China, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xiang Luo
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
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Liu J, Allender E, Wang J, Simpson EH, Loeb JA, Song F. Slowing disease progression in the SOD1 mouse model of ALS by blocking neuregulin-induced microglial activation. Neurobiol Dis 2017; 111:118-126. [PMID: 29278738 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2017.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Revised: 11/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
There are no effective treatments to slow disease progression in ALS. We previously reported that neuregulin (NRG) receptors are constitutively activated on microglia in the ventral horns in both ALS patients and SOD1 mice and in the corticospinal tracts of ALS patients, and that NRG receptor activation occurs prior to significant clinical disease onset in SOD1 mice. Here, we hypothesize that blocking NRG signaling on microglia would slow disease progression in SOD1 mice using a targeted NRG antagonist (HBD-S-H4). Recombinant HBD-S-H4 directly delivered into the central nervous system (CNS) through implanted intracerebroventricular cannulas showed no signs of toxicity and significantly inhibited NRG receptor activation on microglia resulting in reduced microglial activation and motor neuron loss. The treatment also resulted in a delay in disease onset and an increase in survival. The therapeutic effect was dose-dependent that varied as a function of genetic background in two different strains of SOD1 mice. As a complementary drug delivery approach, transgenic mice expressing HBD-S-H4 driven by an astrocytic promoter (GFAP) had slower disease progression in a dose dependent manner, based on the level of HBD-S-H4 expression. These studies provide mechanistic insights into how NRG signaling on microglia may lead to disease progression and demonstrate the utility of a humanized fusion protein that blocks NRG as a novel therapeutic for human ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianguo Liu
- Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL 60612, United States
| | - Elise Allender
- Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL 60612, United States
| | - Jiajing Wang
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, United States
| | - Eleanor H Simpson
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, United States
| | - Jeffrey A Loeb
- Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL 60612, United States
| | - Fei Song
- Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL 60612, United States.
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Yan T, Zhang F, Sun C, Sun J, Wang Y, Xu X, Shi J, Shi G. miR-32-5p-mediated Dusp5 downregulation contributes to neuropathic pain. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 495:506-511. [PMID: 29108992 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated that microRNAs (miRNAs) play important roles in the pathogenesis of neuropathic pain. In the present study, we found that miR-32-5p was significantly upregulated in rats after spinal nerve ligation (SNL), specifically in the spinal microglia of rats with SNL. Functional assays showed that knockdown of miR-32-5p greatly suppressed mechanical allodynia and heat hyperalgesia, and decreased inflammatory cytokine (IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-6) protein expression in rats after SNL. Similarly, miR-32-5p knockdown alleviated cytokine production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated spinal microglial cells, whereas its overexpression had the opposite effect. Mechanistic investigations revealed Dual-specificity phosphatase 5 (Dusp5) as a direct target of miR-32-5p, which is involved in the miR-32-5p-mediated effects on neuropathic pain and neuroinflammation. We demonstrated for the first time that miR-32-5p promotes neuroinflammation and neuropathic pain development through regulation of Dusp5. Our findings highlight a novel contribution of miR-32-5p to the process of neuropathic pain, and suggest possibilities for the development of novel therapeutic options for neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingfei Yan
- Department of Spine Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Fuguo Zhang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Taizhou First People's Hospital, Taizhou 318020, China
| | - Chenxi Sun
- Department of Spine Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Jingchuan Sun
- Department of Spine Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Ximing Xu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Jiangang Shi
- Department of Spine Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Guodong Shi
- Department of Spine Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China.
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Noxious, but not innocuous, thermal stimuli evoke pERK expression in dorsal horn neurons after spared nerve injury in adult rats. Neurosci Lett 2017. [PMID: 28636927 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2017.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Noxious stimulation of sensory afferents evokes phosphorylated extracellular signal regulated kinase (pERK) expression in spinal cord neurons. This study investigated the expression of pERK in the dorsal horn neurons in response to innocuous and noxious cold stimuli in naïve versus spared nerve injury (SNI) rats. Noxious cold or hot stimuli (0 or 45°C) elicited pERK expression in laminae I-II whereas cooling stimuli from 32°C to 25, 15 or 5°C produced no or little pERK expression in dorsal horn neurons. Five days after SNI, a time when these animals showed heat hyperalgesia, cold and mechanical hypersensitivity, only noxious heat stimuli produced a significant increase in pERK expression compared to naïve rats in spinal cord neurons. Thus, pERK cannot be used as an activity marker for neurons responding to cooling stimuli or cold allodynia; however, these results confirm the role of pERK as an activity marker for heat hyperalgesia.
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Alizadeh A, Dyck SM, Kataria H, Shahriary GM, Nguyen DH, Santhosh KT, Karimi-Abdolrezaee S. Neuregulin-1 positively modulates glial response and improves neurological recovery following traumatic spinal cord injury. Glia 2017; 65:1152-1175. [DOI: 10.1002/glia.23150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Revised: 03/12/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arsalan Alizadeh
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology; Spinal Cord Research Centre, University of Manitoba; Winnipeg Manitoba R3E 0J9 Canada
| | - Scott M. Dyck
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology; Spinal Cord Research Centre, University of Manitoba; Winnipeg Manitoba R3E 0J9 Canada
| | - Hardeep Kataria
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology; Spinal Cord Research Centre, University of Manitoba; Winnipeg Manitoba R3E 0J9 Canada
| | - Ghazaleh M. Shahriary
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology; Spinal Cord Research Centre, University of Manitoba; Winnipeg Manitoba R3E 0J9 Canada
| | - Dung H. Nguyen
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology; Spinal Cord Research Centre, University of Manitoba; Winnipeg Manitoba R3E 0J9 Canada
| | - Kallivalappil T. Santhosh
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology; Spinal Cord Research Centre, University of Manitoba; Winnipeg Manitoba R3E 0J9 Canada
| | - Soheila Karimi-Abdolrezaee
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology; Spinal Cord Research Centre, University of Manitoba; Winnipeg Manitoba R3E 0J9 Canada
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Sun W, Zhang L, Li R. Overexpression of miR-206 ameliorates chronic constriction injury-induced neuropathic pain in rats via the MEK/ERK pathway by targeting brain-derived neurotrophic factor. Neurosci Lett 2017; 646:68-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2016.12.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2016] [Revised: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Zhao H, Alam A, Chen Q, Eusman M, Pal A, Eguchi S, Wu L, Ma D. The role of microglia in the pathobiology of neuropathic pain development: what do we know? Br J Anaesth 2017; 118:504-516. [DOI: 10.1093/bja/aex006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023] Open
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Newton VL, Guck JD, Cotter MA, Cameron NE, Gardiner NJ. Neutrophils Infiltrate the Spinal Cord Parenchyma of Rats with Experimental Diabetic Neuropathy. J Diabetes Res 2017; 2017:4729284. [PMID: 28293643 PMCID: PMC5331287 DOI: 10.1155/2017/4729284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 01/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinal glial cell activation and cytokine secretion have been implicated in the etiology of neuropathic pain in a number of experimental models, including diabetic neuropathy. In this study, streptozotocin- (STZ-) induced diabetic rats were either untreated or treated with gabapentin (50 mg/kg/day by gavage for 2 weeks, from 6 weeks after STZ). At 8 weeks after STZ, hypersensitivity was confirmed in the untreated diabetic rats as a reduced response threshold to touch, whilst mechanical thresholds in gabapentin-treated diabetic rats were no different from controls. Diabetes-associated thermal hypersensitivity was also ameliorated by gabapentin. We performed a cytokine profiling array in lumbar spinal cord samples from control and diabetic rats. This revealed an increase in L-selectin, an adhesion molecule important for neutrophil transmigration, in the spinal cord of diabetic rats but not diabetic rats treated with gabapentin. Furthermore, we found an increase in the number of neutrophils present in the parenchyma of the spinal cord, which was again ameliorated in gabapentin-treated diabetic rats. Therefore, we suggest that dysregulated spinal L-selectin and neutrophil infiltration into the spinal cord could contribute to the pathogenesis of painful diabetic neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria L. Newton
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Gastroenterology, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Jonathan D. Guck
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Gastroenterology, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Mary A. Cotter
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | | | - Natalie J. Gardiner
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Gastroenterology, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
- *Natalie J. Gardiner:
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