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Britt KC, Boateng ACO, Sebu J, Oh H, Lekwauwa R, Massimo L, Doolittle B. The association between religious beliefs and values with inflammation among Middle-age and older adults. Aging Ment Health 2024; 28:1343-1350. [PMID: 38553253 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2024.2335390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
Objectives: Dimensions of religion and spirituality are associated with better emotional, physical, and cognitive health. However, the underlying physiological mechanisms are not well known. We investigated the relationship between dimensions of religion and spirituality with levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), a biomarker of systematic inflammation, in middle-aged and older adults in the United States.Methods: In this descriptive longitudinal study using secondary data, we used proportional odds models of the generalized estimating equation (GEE) to assess the association between religious beliefs and values and religious service attendance with CRP levels from respondents (n = 2,385) aged 50 years and older in the Health and Retirement Study from 2006 to 2014.Results: Middle-aged to older adults who reported higher religious beliefs and values had lower levels of CRP, controlling for age, sex, education, marital status, race, household income, and health, such as hypertension, diabetes, cancer, and body mass index (BMI).Conclusion: Religious beliefs and values are associated with lower CRP levels among middle-aged and older adults in the U.S. This study adds to the understanding of biological processes underlying the relationship between dimensions of religion and spirituality with better cognitive and physical health, potentially through inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Carroll Britt
- University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Spirituality & Health Hub, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Augustine C O Boateng
- University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Spirituality & Health Hub, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Joshua Sebu
- Spirituality & Health Hub, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Hayoung Oh
- Spirituality & Health Hub, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | - Lauren Massimo
- University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Saunders N, Stephenson Z. Reviewing the use of the Brief Religious Coping Scale (Brief RCOPE) across diverse cultures and populations. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2024:10.1007/s10943-024-02119-z. [PMID: 39240399 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-024-02119-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/25/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024]
Abstract
To discern the religious coping methods which individuals employ when confronting life stressors, Pargament devised the Religious Coping Scale (RCOPE) in 1997. Subsequently, in 1998, Pargament et al. formulated an abbreviated iteration, the Brief RCOPE, intended for both research and practical application. The Brief RCOPE has been found to be a reliable and valid measure, however much of the research looking into the psychometric properties of this measure has been conducted in the United States. The aim of the current review was to draw together findings from studies which have investigated the reliability and/or validity of the measure amongst populations outside of the United States. A narrative approach was adopted, involving searches of academic databases using keywords and the application of specific inclusion criteria. It was found that the reliability of the measure has been demonstrated across a number of countries, and across a range of different religions. The measure has also demonstrated good convergent, construct and concurrent validity in diverse cultures. The findings from this review suggest that the Brief RCOPE can be used in a range of diverse religions and cultures. However, more research is needed to ascertain the accuracy of the measure with other religions and cultures and with those in minority groups.
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Daştan B, Kulakaç N. The impact of surgical intervention on religious coping, psychological well-being, and pain levels in older adult patients: A quasi-experimental study. Geriatr Nurs 2024; 59:426-430. [PMID: 39141950 DOI: 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2024.07.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 07/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to determine the impact of surgical intervention on religious coping, psychological well-being, and pain levels in older adult patients. METHOD The data of the study, which used a one-group pretest-posttest quasi-experimental design without a control group, was collected between July 1, 2023, - January 30, 2024. Data collection involved the use of a Personal Information Form, the Religious Coping Scale, the Psychological Well-Being Scale, and the Visual Analog Scale. RESULTS The results revealed a significant increase in psychological well-being and positive religious coping after surgical intervention compared to presurgical levels (p < 0.001). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that male gender, younger age, enhanced psychological well-being, and positive religious coping were identified as factors contributing to a reduction in postsurgical pain levels. CONCLUSION The study's results indicate that surgical intervention serves as a significant variable influencing psychological well-being and religious coping among older adult patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Buket Daştan
- Bayburt University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing, Bayburt, Turkey.
| | - Nurşen Kulakaç
- Gümüşhane University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing, Gümüşhane, Turkey
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Shon C, Kim J. The factors related to depressive symptoms in urban older adults in South Korea: a study based on the Seoul Aging Survey. BMC Geriatr 2024; 24:644. [PMID: 39090560 PMCID: PMC11293004 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-024-05241-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aims to comprehensively examine the determinants of depression among urban older adults in Seoul, utilizing the social-ecological model to address multifaceted influences. METHODS A comprehensive analysis was conducted using data from the 2022 Seoul Aging Survey, which surveyed 2,914 individuals aged 65 and above. A multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors contributing to depressive symptoms, including socio-demographic characteristics, health behaviors and status, research accessibility, social support, and environmental influences. RESULTS This study revealed that poor subjective health (OR = 1.47) and the presence of multiple chronic diseases (OR = 1.59) significantly increased the risk of depressive symptoms among urban older adults. From a social support standpoint, living alone was associated with a higher risk of depression (OR = 1.66), low food security (OR = 2.56), and low digital competency (OR = 2.70) were all significant predictors of depressive symptoms. Additionally, a lack of engagement with cultural facilities (OR = 2.15) was identified as a critical environmental factor contributing to depression. CONCLUSIONS The findings underscore the need for comprehensive policy and practical interventions aimed at preventing chronic disease, enhancing social support networks, improving digital literacy, ensuring food security, and expanding access to healthcare and cultural facilities. Such measures are crucial in mitigating depression among urban older adults, thereby enhancing their overall well-being and quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changwoo Shon
- Graduate School of Public Health, Inje University, Busanjin-gu, Busan, 47392, Korea
| | - Junghyun Kim
- School of Rehabilitation and Welfare, Hankyoung National University, Pyeongtaek-si, Gyeonggi-do, 17738, Korea.
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Tutzer F, Schurr T, Frajo-Apor B, Pardeller S, Plattner B, Schmit A, Conca A, Fronthaler M, Haring C, Holzner B, Huber M, Marksteiner J, Miller C, Perwanger V, Pycha R, Schmidt M, Sperner-Unterweger B, Hofer A. Relevance of spirituality and perceived social support to mental health of people with pre-existing mental health disorders during the COVID-19 pandemic: a longitudinal investigation. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2024; 59:1437-1448. [PMID: 38112803 PMCID: PMC11291591 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-023-02590-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic and related measures have negatively impacted mental health worldwide. The main objective of the present longitudinal study was to investigate mental health in people living in Tyrol (Austria) and South Tyrol (Italy) during the COVID-19 pandemic and to report the prevalence of psychological distress among individuals with versus those without pre-existing mental health disorders (MHD) in the long-term (summer 2020-winter 2022). Here, we specifically focus on the relevance of spirituality and perceived social support in this regard. METHODS 161 individuals who had been diagnosed with MHD and 446 reference subjects participated in this online survey. Electronic data capture was conducted using the Computer-based Health Evaluation System and included both sociodemographic and clinical aspects as well as standardized questionnaires on psychological distress, spirituality, and the perception of social support. RESULTS The prevalence of psychological distress was significantly higher in individuals with MHD (36.6% vs. 12.3%) and remained unchanged among both groups over time. At baseline, the perception of social support was significantly higher in healthy control subjects, whereas the two groups were comparable in regards of the subjective relevance of faith. Reference subjects indicated significantly higher spiritual well-being in terms of the sense of meaning in life and peacefulness, which mediated in large part the between-group difference of psychological distress at follow-up. Notably, both faith and the perception of social support did not prove to be relevant in this context. CONCLUSIONS These findings point to a consistently high prevalence of psychological distress among people suffering from MHD and underscore the prominent role of meaning in life and peacefulness as a protective factor in times of crisis. Therapeutic strategies that specifically target spirituality may have a beneficial impact on mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Tutzer
- Division of Psychiatry I, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, Psychosomatics and Medical Psychology, Medical University Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Timo Schurr
- Division of Psychiatry I, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, Psychosomatics and Medical Psychology, Medical University Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Beatrice Frajo-Apor
- Division of Psychiatry I, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, Psychosomatics and Medical Psychology, Medical University Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Silvia Pardeller
- Division of Psychiatry I, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, Psychosomatics and Medical Psychology, Medical University Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Barbara Plattner
- Department of Psychiatry, General Hospital of Bolzano, Sanitary Agency of South Tyrol, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Anna Schmit
- Division of Psychiatry I, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, Psychosomatics and Medical Psychology, Medical University Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Andreas Conca
- Department of Psychiatry, General Hospital of Bolzano, Sanitary Agency of South Tyrol, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Martin Fronthaler
- Therapy Center Bad Bachgart, Sanitary Agency of South Tyrol, Rodengo, Italy
| | - Christian Haring
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy B, State Hospital Hall in Tyrol, Hall in Tyrol, Austria
| | - Bernhard Holzner
- Division of Psychiatry I, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, Psychosomatics and Medical Psychology, Medical University Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Markus Huber
- Department of Psychiatry, General Hospital of Brunico, Sanitary Agency of South Tyrol, Brunico, Italy
| | - Josef Marksteiner
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy A, State Hospital Hall in Tyrol, Hall in Tyrol, Austria
| | - Carl Miller
- Department of Psychiatry, County Hospital Kufstein, Kufstein, Austria
| | - Verena Perwanger
- Department of Psychiatry, General Hospital of Merano, Sanitary Agency of South Tyrol, Merano, Italy
| | - Roger Pycha
- Department of Psychiatry, General Hospital of Bressanone, Sanitary Agency of South Tyrol, Bressanone, Italy
| | - Martin Schmidt
- Department of Psychiatry, County Hospital Lienz, Lienz, Austria
| | - Barbara Sperner-Unterweger
- Division of Psychiatry II, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, Psychosomatics and Medical Psychology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Alex Hofer
- Division of Psychiatry I, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, Psychosomatics and Medical Psychology, Medical University Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
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Corrêa Matias Pereira C, Najafi Moghaddam Gilani V, Nazif-Munoz JI. A brief research report of suicide rates in the Brazilian elderly over a 12-year period: the lack of association of the " Setembro Amarelo" campaign for suicide prevention. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1354030. [PMID: 39119072 PMCID: PMC11306183 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1354030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives Aiming to disseminate information related to suicide prevention in Brazil, the "Setembro Amarelo" campaign has been conducted since 2015. The objective of this study is to assess the association between this campaign and elderly suicide rates over a 12-year period. Methods Data were gathered from the Mortality Information System and the Notifiable Diseases Information System, established by public institutions in Brazil. An interrupted time-series framework was applied to assess the association between the "Setembro Amarelo" campaign and suicide mortality rates in the elderly population (60 et plus) in the southeastern region of Brazil. We consider three monthly outcomes: all suicides, suicides in males and suicide in females. We operationalize the campaign assuming three effects: short-term, declining and sustained. The period of analysis was from 2011-2022. Results The suicide-mortality rate over time has remained stable; the average rate in the pre-campaign period was 0.028 and increased slightly to 0.035. Regardless of the campaign's operationalization and the outcome used, results show no significant associations between the campaign and elderly suicide rates. The campaign was associated with non-significant decreased effects of 15% (P=0.532) in the short term, and 16% (P=0.446) assuming the campaign was sustained. Conclusions There is a lack of association between the campaign and suicide rates, among the elderly in Brazil's southeastern region. As suicide is complex and multifactorial, more research is needed. The campaign, while raising awareness and reducing stigma, may not reduce suicides. To reduce the suicide rate in the elderly requires addressing social, economic and cultural factors, multisectoral interventions, and upholding basic human rights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Corrêa Matias Pereira
- Service sur les dépendances, Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Longueuil, QC, Canada
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Al-Hammouri MM. The Role of Dominant Spiritual and Religious Coping Modality on Psychological Predictors Among Nursing Students. J Holist Nurs 2024:8980101241255160. [PMID: 38772631 DOI: 10.1177/08980101241255160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
Purpose: The current study aimed to examine the role of the dominant spiritual and religious coping modality on health-related variables and determinants, including stress overload, mindfulness, and impulsivity, among nursing students. Methods: A cross-sectional design was used to achieve the study goal. The authors recruited 1199 nursing students. The results showed that the mean for positive spiritual and religious coping was higher compared to negative spiritual and religious coping. Results: In the current study, 73.3% of nursing students predominantly used positive spiritual and religious coping compared to 17.6% in the neutral group and 9.1% in the negative spiritual and religious coping group. Positive spiritual and religious coping was positively correlated with mindfulness and stress overload and negatively correlated with impulsivity. According to the ANOVA results, students with positive spiritual and religious coping tended to have a significantly higher stress overload, higher mindfulness, and lower impulsivity compared to the neutral and negative spiritual and coping groups. Negative spiritual and religious coping group significantly differed from the neutral groups only in terms of impulsivity. Conclusion: The current study's findings help nursing students by determining dominant spiritual and religious coping modalities and provide valuable information in directing counseling efforts. Results and implications were discussed.
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Haney AM, Lane SP. Religious Coping Is Differentially Associated with Physiological and Subjective Distress Indicators: Comparing Cortisol and Self-Report Patterns. Behav Med 2023:1-9. [PMID: 37964623 PMCID: PMC11093886 DOI: 10.1080/08964289.2023.2277926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Use of religious coping in response to life stress is associated with improved mental and physical health outcomes. The aim of this study was to examine the influence of religious coping on conscious self-reported and non-conscious physiological stress responses to an acute, real-world stressor to better understand how this benefit may be conferred. This study examined the trajectory of subjective distress and cortisol patterns leading up to and following a stressful college exam using daily diary and ambulatory saliva samples, respectively (N students = 246). Religious coping was not significantly associated with subjective reports of distress. However, prior to the exam, greater use of religious coping was associated with an ostensibly more adaptive accelerated return to a cortisol baseline. This protective effect was no longer significant when the exam was over, suggesting that religious coping acts as a protective buffer against physiological stress responses rather than aiding in subjective recovery from stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison M. Haney
- Department of Community Health and Health Behavior, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York
| | - Sean P. Lane
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri
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Rezaeipandari H, Morowatisharifabad MA, Shaghaghi A. Religious and Spiritual Coping Elements in Dealing with Chronic Diseases: A Qualitative Exploration of the Perspectives of Older Iranian Zoroastrians. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2023; 62:3017-3041. [PMID: 36991287 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-023-01797-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Religiosity is a desirable alternative coping strategy for many people when facing negative life events including age-related infirmities and stressors. Religious coping mechanisms (RCMs) have been investigated meagerly with regard to religious minorities around the world and, to the best of current knowledge, no study has been conducted on Iranian Zorostrians to explore their religious coping mechanisms in dealing with age-related chronic diseases. This qualitative research, therefore, was aimed to canvas perceptions about RCMs that are utilized by Iranian Zoroastrian older adults to deal with chronic diseases in the city of Yazd, Iran. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with purposefully selected fourteen Zoroastrian older patients and four Zoroastrian priests in 2019. The main extracted themes included performing certain religious behaviors and having sincere religion-based beliefs as employed mechanisms for better coping with their chronic diseases. Prevalent dilemmas/barriers with mitigating impact on the coping capacities in dealing with a persistent illness was another predominant identified theme. Identification of RCMs that religious and ethnic minorities are using to better confront diverse life events, such as chronic diseases, could pave the path to expand new approaches in planing sustainable disease management and proactive quality of life improvement initiatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Rezaeipandari
- Department of Aging Health, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Elderly Health Research Center, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Morowatisharifabad
- Department of Aging Health, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Elderly Health Research Center, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Abdolreza Shaghaghi
- Health Education and Promotion Department, Faculty of Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Golgasht Ave., Tabriz, 5166614711, Iran.
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Petrarca YM, Tedrus GMAS. Risk of suicide and religious or spiritual beliefs in Brazilian adult patients with epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav 2023; 147:109414. [PMID: 37716329 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2023.109414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
In epilepsy, suicidal behavior is higher compared with the general population. OBJECTIVE To assess the relationship between suicide risk, religiosity or spirituality, and clinical variables in adult patients with epilepsy (PWE). METHODOLOGY The data from the suicide module of the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) were related to scores on the Brief Multidimensional Measure of Religiousness/Spirituality (BMMRS-P) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), as well as clinical variables in 96 adults PWE, with a significance level of p < 0.05. RESULTS The study included 49 patients with temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampal sclerosis (TLE-HS) and 47 cases of other epilepsies. The presence of suicide risk in the MINI was observed in 43 (44.7%) cases. Suicide risk was associated with an earlier age of epilepsy onset, higher seizure frequency, neurological abnormalities, and higher scores on the HADS-A and HADS-D scales. Suicide risk was low in 33 (76.7%) cases and moderate or high in 10 (23.2%) cases. Higher suicide risk was associated with higher education levels, focal structural epilepsy, use of ≥2 antiseizure medications, neurological abnormalities, anxiety, and dimensions such as daily spiritual experiences, religious or spiritual coping, organizational religiousness, and total score in the BMMRS-P. DISCUSSION A high number of patients with epilepsy exhibited suicide risk, with epilepsy-related variables, the presence of anxiety, and perceived lower belongingness and social support from religiosity or spirituality anxiety being associated with a higher risk. The social support provided by religiosity/spirituality may be a non-clinical factor associated with suicidal behavior. Suicide in epilepsy is associated with a complex interaction of multidimensional factors.
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Rashid MAUH, Muneeb SA, Manzoor MM, Fischer F. Religious coping, care burden and psychological distress among informal caregivers of COVID-19 patients: Results of a cross-sectional survey in Pakistan. Int J Soc Psychiatry 2023; 69:1369-1376. [PMID: 36951388 PMCID: PMC10037130 DOI: 10.1177/00207640231162277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a complex relationship between health and religiosity. People may use religion to cope with difficulties and uncertainties in their life - such as induced by the COVID-19 pandemic. AIMS The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between religious coping, care burden and psychological distress among caregivers during COVID-19 in Pakistan. METHOD We conducted a cross-sectional survey in Pakistan. We used the Religious Coping Scale (RCOPE), Care Burden Scale (CB), and Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) to measure psychological stress from 303 caregivers. Data were analyzed using a hierarchical linear regression model for each of the three outcome variables, which are depression, anxiety, and stress. This analysis allows to investigate whether adding variables significantly improves a model's ability to predict the criterion variable. RESULTS The findings reveal that emotional care burden, physical care burden, negative religious coping, and social care burden explain a significant amount of the variance of three components of psychological distress among caregivers. CONCLUSIONS Health experts, psychologists, and policymakers can make better strategies to combat pandemics like COVID-19 by incorporating religious coping methods.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Florian Fischer
- Institute of Public Health, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Bavarian Research Center for Digital Health and Social Care, Kempten University of Applied Sciences, Kempten, Germany
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Xue B, Luo C, Luo X. Attitudes toward dementia screening and influential factors in older adults in China. Psychogeriatrics 2023; 23:211-221. [PMID: 36457142 DOI: 10.1111/psyg.12918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dementia will likely be an ongoing concern for future generations, and according to the World Health Organization, two-thirds of dementia cases are missed diagnoses. We aimed to explore the attitudes of older adults toward dementia screening and the related influencing factors. METHODS A multicentre cross-sectional study was conducted. Data were collected using questionnaires between 2020 December and 2021 June from five provinces in China. The study included older adults aged 60 years or older, living in China. A sociodemographic questionnaire and the Perceptions Regarding Investigational Screening for Memory in Primary Care scale were used to assess attitudes toward and influencing factors of dementia screening. RESULTS A total of 279 participants completed the questionnaires. The results revealed housing status as a positive factor in the acceptance dimension, while high income was the primary positive factor in the benefits of screening dimension. Having religious beliefs, low income, and never participating in social activities were positive factors for the stigma dimension. Widowed marital status and participation in social activities were negative factors for the independence dimension, while having religious beliefs positively influenced the suffering dimension. CONCLUSIONS This study showed that participants held a relatively positive attitude toward dementia screening, although they had concerns about stigma and negative impact on independence. Further studies are required to develop intervention strategies to help older adults improve their attitudes and quality of life, promote cognitive health, and facilitate healthy ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Xue
- School of Nursing, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chang Luo
- School of Artificial Intelligence of Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xianwu Luo
- School of Nursing, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Szałachowski RR, Tuszyńska-Bogucka W. " Faith Is Not Enough?" Ego-Resiliency and Religiosity as Coping Resources with Pandemic Stress-Mediation Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:1942. [PMID: 36767306 PMCID: PMC9915372 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20031942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Based on the concepts of Pargament's adaptational functions of religiosity, Huber's centrality of religiosity, and Block's conceptualisation of ego-resiliency as psychosocial resources, a nonexperimental, moderated mediation project was designed for a group of 175 women and 57 men who voluntarily participated in an online study to determine whether and to what extent religiosity mediated or moderated the relationship between ego-resiliency and the severity of PTSD and depression during the COVID-19 epidemic. The analyses carried out showed that the studied variables, ego-resiliency and centrality of religiosity, were predictors of the intensity of some psychopathological reactions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic but were not connected via a mediation relationship. Therefore, one question remains open: what is the role of ego-resiliency and the nature of the stated immunogenic effect of the centrality of religiosity in dealing with the critical threat to mental health that is the COVID-19 pandemic?
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Vitorino LM, Granero Lucchetti AL, Lucchetti G. The role of spirituality and religiosity on the cognitive decline of community-dwelling older adults: a 4-year longitudinal study. Aging Ment Health 2022:1-8. [PMID: 36318500 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2022.2141195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aims to assess whether having religious beliefs, attending religious services and using spiritual-religious coping (SRC) are longitudinally associated with cognitive decline in community-dwelling older adults. METHODS A 4-year longitudinal study of 261 Brazilian older adults was conducted. Hierarchical adjusted linear regression models and logistic regression models were performed to evaluate the longitudinal effects of religious beliefs, church attendance and positive and negative SRC on cognitive decline. RESULTS The findings revealed that spiritual and religious beliefs at baseline could affect cognitive function in two different ways. When older adults use religiosity and spirituality (RS) in a functional positive manner, it results in better cognitive outcomes and a slower rate of decline. However, when used in a negative manner, it results in worse cognitive outcomes. CONCLUSION These results could help health care professionals address SRC among older adults, particularly those at a higher risk of cognitive decline. Considering that RS is very important for older adults, health care professionals should be aware of the beliefs of their patients and address RS in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciano Magalhães Vitorino
- School of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil.,Faculty of Medicine of Itajubá (FMIT), Itajubá, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Giancarlo Lucchetti
- School of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
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15
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Yüksel A, Bahadir-Yilmaz E, Karakoyun A. The Relationship between Alexithymia, Psychological Well-Being and Religious Coping in Fibromyalgia Patients in Turkey. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2022; 61:3909-3921. [PMID: 34085189 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-021-01294-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the relationship between alexithymia, psychological well-being, and religious coping in fibromyalgia patients. This study was planned as a descriptive and cross-sectional research design. The sample consisted of 175 fibromyalgia patients. Data were collected using the Toronto Alexithymia Scale-20, the Psychological Well-being Scale, and the Religious Coping Scale. Data were analyzed by Pearson's correlation test and Multiple Linear Regression analysis. A negative correlation was found between alexithymia and negative religious coping (r = - 0.377, p = 0.000). A positive correlation was found between psychological well-being and negative religious coping (r = 0.364, p = 0.000). The alexithymia was predicted by psychological well-being level (β = - 0.629), positive (β = 0.170) and negative (β = - 0.216) religious coping levels (p < 0.05). Negative and positive religious coping strategies can affect psychological well-being and expressive thinking in patients with FMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arzu Yüksel
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Psychiatric Nursing, Aksaray University, Aksaray, Turkey
| | - Emel Bahadir-Yilmaz
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Psychiatric Nursing, Giresun University, Giresun, 28340, Turkey.
| | - Ahmet Karakoyun
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Aksaray University, Aksaray, Turkey
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16
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Moussa S, Malaeb D, Obeid S, Hallit S. Correlates of Positivity Among a Sample of Lebanese University Students. Front Psychol 2022; 13:880437. [PMID: 35548518 PMCID: PMC9084318 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.880437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background People say it is hard to stay truly positive in Lebanon. Studies showed that 63% of Lebanese young adults are highly dissatisfied with their country. In fact, young adults are the most vulnerable population to stressors in Lebanon since their future is at stake and it is their time to shape their lives in a country that cripples them. This study aimed to assess factors (flourishing, religious coping, experiences in life, and the economic burden) associated with positivity among a sample of Lebanese university students despite the various stressors they are facing on top of the economic collapse and the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted between November and December 2021. A total of 333 participants (219 females and 114 males; mean age = 22.95 ± 4.79 years) was recruited through convenience sampling and snowball technique through several areas in Lebanon's governorates. A linear regression taking the positivity score as the dependent variable was adopted and all variables that showed a correlation > │0.24│ in absolute value were entered in the final model as independent. Results A linear regression taking the positivity score as the dependent variable showed that more positive experiences in life (Beta = 0.49; 95% CI 0.35-0.62), more flourishing (Beta = 0.10; 95% CI 0.05-0.14), living in rural area compared to urban (Beta = 3.06; 95% CI 2.02-4.11), and female gender (Beta = 1.56; 95% CI 0.50-2.61) were significantly associated with more positivity (Nagelkerke R 2 of the model = 45.8%). Conclusion This study demonstrated that the youth's positivity is strongly affected by age, gender, residency, and the country they live in that will both directly and indirectly shape their life experiences and their ability to flourish and prosper. Along with all the efforts done to help during this collapse and alleviate the stress that young adults are enduring, follow-up studies are still needed to determine accurate coping techniques that pushes these young adults to think positively in a country where negativity reigns and all else fails.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Moussa
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Balamand, Koura, Lebanon
| | - Diana Malaeb
- College of Pharmacy, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sahar Obeid
- Department of Social and Education Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Jbeil, Lebanon
| | - Souheil Hallit
- School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, Jounieh, Lebanon.,Department of Psychology, College of Humanities, Effat University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Research, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon
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17
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Desmet L, Dezutter J, Vandenhoeck A, Dillen A. Religious Coping Styles and Depressive Symptoms in Geriatric Patients: Understanding the Relationship through Experiences of Integrity and Despair. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19073835. [PMID: 35409519 PMCID: PMC8997691 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19073835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Older persons are often confronted with challenging events in their lives. Religion can offer them a way to deal with these challenges. The study of religious coping styles helps us to understand how people find support in their religion or wrestle with aspects of their religion when they are confronted with difficulties. Especially when older adults face illness and hospitalization, religious coping styles might be triggered. Despite the fact that the public role of religion, especially Christianity, is diminishing in West European societies, a large group of Belgian geriatric patients call themselves religious. Previous studies have shown that there is a link between positive/negative religious coping styles and the depressive symptoms that often occur in older adults. More recently, some scholars have emphasized that this relationship is more complex. Therefore, this paper investigates the role of one possible underlying mechanism between positive/negative religious coping styles and depressive symptoms in geriatric patients, namely the developmental process of integrity and despair as two factors within this mechanism. One hundred thirty-nine geriatric inpatients from three hospitals in Belgium who reported to feel religiously affiliated were involved in this study. Our results indicate that experiences of integrity and despair function as an explanatory pathway in the relationship between negative religious coping styles and depressive symptoms. Further, a direct link was found between both when accounting for experiences of integrity and despair. For positive religious coping styles, no direct or indirect relationship with depressive symptoms was found. In healthcare, geriatric caregivers need to be aware of the interaction between positive and negative religious coping styles, the developmental process of integrity and despair, and depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsy Desmet
- Faculty of Theology and Religious Studies, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (A.V.); (A.D.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Jessie Dezutter
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium;
| | - Anne Vandenhoeck
- Faculty of Theology and Religious Studies, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (A.V.); (A.D.)
| | - Annemie Dillen
- Faculty of Theology and Religious Studies, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (A.V.); (A.D.)
- Faculty of Theology, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa
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18
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Maier K, Konaszewski K, Skalski SB, Büssing A, Surzykiewicz J. Spiritual Needs, Religious Coping and Mental Wellbeing: A Cross-Sectional Study among Migrants and Refugees in Germany. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19063415. [PMID: 35329106 PMCID: PMC8956029 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19063415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
It has been widely proven that resettlement is associated with negative psychological effects (e.g., increased depression and symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder) among refugees. Therefore, there is an urgent need to improve the psychosocial functioning of migrants. This study assessed associations between negative dysfunctional appraisal (perceiving experiences as stressful), spiritual needs, religious coping and wellbeing. Data from paper-and-pencil questionnaires were collected from 744 refugees (69.8% male) aged 18–67 years (M = 27.99) with diverse backgrounds (including from Mashreq countries) who were resettled in Germany. Bootstrapping mediation analysis revealed that the relationship of dysfunctional appraisal and wellbeing among refugees is mediated by spiritual needs (i.e., existential and religious needs). Additionally, negative religious coping mediates the relationship between spiritual needs and wellbeing. The data obtained suggest the need for practitioners to focus on psychological interventions that strengthen spiritual needs in order to improve mental health among refugees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Maier
- Department of Educational Psychology in Social Work, Catholic University of Applied Sciences Munich, 80335 Munich, Germany;
| | - Karol Konaszewski
- Faculty of Education, University of Bialystok, 15328 Bialystok, Poland;
| | | | - Arndt Büssing
- Professorship Quality of Life, Spirituality and Coping, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, 58455 Herdecke, Germany;
| | - Janusz Surzykiewicz
- Faculty of Philosophy and Education, Katholische Universität Eichstätt-Ingolstadt, 85072 Eichstätt, Germany
- Faculty of Education, Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski University in Warsaw, 01938 Warsaw, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-8421-93-21683
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19
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The Role of Spirituality in Conceptualizations of Health Maintenance and Healthy Aging Among Latin American Immigrants. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2021; 29:1079-1088. [PMID: 34092458 PMCID: PMC8846417 DOI: 10.1016/j.jagp.2021.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We aimed to investigate ways in which spirituality was conceptualized in relationship to maintaining brain health and healthy aging in a cohort of older adults who immigrated to the United States from diverse regions of Latin America, in order to ultimately develop culturally-tailored brain health promotion approaches. DESIGN We conducted a qualitative study using semi-structured interviews. SETTING Participants were recruited from community centers and by a memory care center at a large academic medical center. PARTICIPANTS We interviewed 30 Spanish-speaking immigrants over age 60. Questions addressed perspectives about the brain, aging, and dementia. Interviews were coded for themes. MEASUREMENTS Thematic analysis was used to analyze participants' responses. RESULTS We identified 5 themes: (1) expressing gratitude to God for mental and physical health, (2) putting the onus of life and death in God's hands, (3) using church as a place to socialize and build community as an approach to leading a healthy lifestyle, (4) using prayer as nourishment for the soul and the brain, and (5) gaining inner-peace and calm, and thus maintaining a healthy life, due to a connection with God. CONCLUSION The incorporation of customized spiritual interventions may be a mechanism by which to increase the effectiveness of brain health promotion efforts.
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20
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Coping and Life Satisfaction in Colombian Older Adults. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182010584. [PMID: 34682330 PMCID: PMC8536184 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182010584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Effective coping strategies facilitate older adults' optimal adaptation and contribute to their well-being. Problem-focused strategies are associated with active styles and enhance well-being. This study analyzes the role of coping strategies in Colombian older adults' subjective well-being (SWB) using structural equation modelling. Additionally, Confirmatory Factor Analyses of the Life Satisfaction Scale and Coping Strategies Questionnaires are performed. METHOD A cross-sectional study is conducted with 455 Colombian older adults, ranging from 65 to 92 years old. RESULTS The results show that problem-focused coping has a positive effect on SWB, whereas emotion-focused coping has a negative effect on SWB. CONCLUSIONS This article highlights the relationship between effective coping and life satisfaction by showing that problem-focused coping strategies are adaptative and enhance well-being during aging.
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21
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Boitrago SCODS, Souza ASO, Cunha PDO, Vieira MA, Caldeira AP, Carneiro JA, Costa FMD. Mortality in community-dwelling elderly: coefficient and associated factors. Rev Bras Enferm 2021; 74:e20200612. [PMID: 34259719 DOI: 10.1590/0034-7167-2020-0612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Analyze the coefficient, associated factors, and causes of mortality in community-dwelling elderly. METHOD Longitudinal and analytical study. Data collection, at baseline, was performed in the elderly's home. The first wave occurred after 42 months. Complementary data collection identified the cause of death. Variables analyzed: demographic, social, economic, and clinical. Logistic regression was used for data analysis. RESULTS The coefficient of mortality was 7.9%. The variables associated with mortality were longevity, inability to read, absence of religious practice, stroke, consultation, and hospitalization in the last 12 months. The main groups of primary causes of death were ill-defined and unspecified causes of mortality, respiratory system diseases, and neoplasms. CONCLUSION The coefficient of mortality in community-dwelling elderly was lower than national and international studies investigated.
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22
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Mefford LC, Phillips KD, Chung ML. Childhood Loss Experiences, Religiousness/Spirituality, and Hope as Predictors of Adult Life Satisfaction. Issues Ment Health Nurs 2021; 42:649-659. [PMID: 33052730 DOI: 10.1080/01612840.2020.1828514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this study was to explore how adaptive patterns of religiousness/spirituality and hope predict adult life satisfaction in adults, even if they had childhood loss experiences.Design and Methods Using a cross-sectional survey design with132 adult participants (mean age 33.8 ± 15.2, 82% female, 78% Caucasian) we estimated two hierarchical regression models to examine how dimensions of religiousness/spirituality (Brief Multidimensional Measure of Religiousness/Spirituality) and hope (Herth Hope Index) predicted adult life satisfaction (Satisfaction with Life Scale) after controlling for effects of adverse childhood experiences (Adverse Childhood Experiences Study Questionnaire) or chronic sorrow from childhood loss (Kendall Chronic Sorrow Instrument).Results When effects of adverse childhood experiences (ACE) were controlled, higher levels of hope (β = .416, p < .001) and forgiveness (β = .273, p = .023) and lower levels of religious/spiritual values/beliefs (β = -.298, p = .014) predicted higher levels of adult life satisfaction. ACE remained a significant predictor of adult life satisfaction in the final model. When controlling for effects of chronic sorrow, higher life satisfaction was predicted only by forgiveness (β = .379, p = .003), values/beliefs (β = -.354, p = .007), and hope (β = .357, p < .001), with chronic sorrow not a significant predictor of adult life satisfaction in the final model.Conclusion: Greater life satisfaction for adult survivors of childhood loss experiences could be promoted by interventions to enhance hope and foster forgiveness. These adult survivors may also need support as they engage with religious/spiritual struggle to reconcile their values and beliefs with childhood loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda C Mefford
- Lansing School of Nursing and Clinical Sciences, Bellarmine University, Louisville, Kentucky, USA.,College of Nursing, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Kenneth D Phillips
- College of Nursing, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA.,College of Nursing, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee, USA
| | - Misook L Chung
- College of Nursing, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA.,College of Nursing, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
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23
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Francis B, Ken CS, Han NY, Ariffin MAA, Md Yusuf MH, Wen LJ, Petrus CF, Chin BH, Gill JS, Sulaiman AH, Said MA. Religious Coping During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Gender, Occupational and Socio-economic Perspectives Among Malaysian Frontline Healthcare Workers. ALPHA PSYCHIATRY 2021; 22:194-199. [PMID: 36424939 PMCID: PMC9590630 DOI: 10.5152/alphapsychiatry.2021.21185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Objective At the dawn of the new decade of the 20th century, the world was taken aback by the scourge of the COVID-19 pandemic. The study aimed to study the nature of religious coping of frontline healthcare workers seen through the perspective of gender, socio-economic status, and occupation. Methods An online-based study was carried out among frontline healthcare workers involved in the care of COVID-19 patients (n = 200). Sociodemographic data form and the Brief Religious Coping scale were used in this study. Results There were more female healthcare workers (60.5%) and doctors (69.5% vs. 30.5%). Healthcare workers used more positive religious coping than negative religious coping (median score: 22 vs. 9). Positive religious coping was seen more in females (median score: 23 vs. 21, P = .015). Non-doctors applied positive coping more than doctors (median score: 26 vs. 21, P < .001). There were significant differences in positive religious coping scores across income groups, with the B40 group having the highest score (median score: 24). Post hoc pairwise comparison concluded that the B40 group had significantly higher positive religious coping scores than the M40 group. Conclusion Positive coping was utilized more among female healthcare workers, nondoctors, and the lowest socio-economic group. As prior literature has shown that positive religious coping is desirable and has superior mental health outcomes, our findings show that more effort should be channeled into enhancing positive religious coping, particularly among male healthcare workers, doctors, and the middle and high socio-economic group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedict Francis
- Department of Psychological Medicine, University Malaya Medical Centre,
Kuala Lumpur,
Malaysia
| | - Chow Soon Ken
- Department of Psychological Medicine, University Malaya Medical Centre,
Kuala Lumpur,
Malaysia
| | - Ng Yit Han
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, University Malaya Faculty of Medicine,
Kuala Lumpur,
Malaysia
| | | | | | - Lee Jia Wen
- Department of Anaesthesiology, University Malaya Faculty of Medicine,
Kuala Lumpur,
Malaysia
| | - Chiara Francine Petrus
- Department of General Medicine, Hospital Shah Alam,
Persiaran Kayangan, Shah Alam,
Malaysia
| | - Beh Hooi Chin
- Department of Primary Care Medicine, University Malaya Faculty of Medicine,
Kuala Lumpur,
Malaysia
| | - Jesjeet Singh Gill
- Department of Psychological Medicine, University Malaya Medical Centre,
Kuala Lumpur,
Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Hatim Sulaiman
- Department of Psychological Medicine, University Malaya Medical Centre,
Kuala Lumpur,
Malaysia
| | - Mas Ayu Said
- Centre for Epidemiology and Evidence-Based Practice, Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Malaya Faculty of Medicine,
Kuala Lumpur,
Malaysia
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24
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“Dies Irae?” The Role of Religiosity in Dealing with Psychological Problems Caused by The COVID-19 Pandemic—Studies on a Polish Sample. RELIGIONS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/rel12040267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Based on Huber’s centrality of religiosity concept, a non-experimental research project was designed in a group of 178 women and 72 men, voluntary participants in online studies, quarantined at home during the first weeks (the first wave) of the pandemic, to determine whether and to what extent religiosity, understood as a multidimensional construct, was a predictor of the worsening of PTSD and depression symptoms in the conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic. The study made use of CRS Huber’s scale to study the centrality of religiosity, Spitzer’s PHQ-9 to determine the severity of depression, and Weiss and Marmar’s IES-R to measure the symptoms of PTSD. Our study, which provided interesting and non-obvious insights into the relationship between the studied variables, did not fully explain the protective nature of religiosity in dealing with pandemic stress. Out of five components of religiosity understood in accordance with Huber’s concept (interest in religious issues, religious beliefs, prayer, religious experience, and cult), two turned out to contribute to modifications in the severity of psychopathological reactions of the respondents to stress caused by the pandemic during its first wave. A protective role was played by prayer, which inhibited the worsening of PTSD symptoms, whereas religious experience aggravated them. This means that in order to interpret the effect of religiosity on the mental functioning of the respondents in a time of crisis (the COVID-19 pandemic), we should not try to explain this effect in a simple and linear way, because religious life may not only bring security and solace, but also be a source of stress and an inner struggle.
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25
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Labrague LJ. Psychological resilience, coping behaviours and social support among health care workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review of quantitative studies. J Nurs Manag 2021; 29:1893-1905. [PMID: 33843087 PMCID: PMC8250179 DOI: 10.1111/jonm.13336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 218] [Impact Index Per Article: 72.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Aim To appraise and synthesize studies examining resilience, coping behaviours and social support among health care workers during the coronavirus pandemic. Background A wide range of evidence has shown that health care workers, currently on the frontlines in the fight against COVID‐19, are not spared from the psychological and mental health‐related consequences of the pandemic. Studies synthesizing the role of coping behaviours, resilience and social support in safeguarding the mental health of health care workers during the pandemic are largely unknown. Evaluation This is a systematic review with a narrative synthesis. A total of 31 articles were included in the review. Key Issues Health care workers utilized both problem‐centred and emotion‐centred coping to manage the stress associated with the coronavirus pandemic. Coping behaviours, resilience and social support were associated with positive mental and psychological health outcomes. Conclusion Substantial evidence supports the effectiveness of coping behaviours, resilience and social support to preserve psychological and mental health among health care workers during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Implications for Nursing Management In order to safeguard the mental health of health care workers during the pandemic, hospital and nursing administrators should implement proactive measures to sustain resilience in HCWs, build coping skills and implement creative ways to foster social support in health care workers through theory‐based interventions, supportive leadership and fostering a resilient work environment.
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26
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Choi NG, Sullivan JE, Marti CN, Kunik ME. Religious coping and acceptability and outcome of short-term psychotherapeutic treatments for depression among low-income homebound older adults. Aging Ment Health 2021; 25:431-438. [PMID: 31791141 PMCID: PMC7694875 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2019.1697204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine (1) correlates of religious coping, and (2) associations of religious coping at baseline with evaluation of treatment acceptability and depressive symptom severity outcomes of short-term psychotherapeutic depression treatments among 277 low-income homebound older adults (70% female; 41% non-Hispanic White, 30% African American, and 29% Hispanic) who participated in a treatment effectiveness trial. METHOD Religious coping was measured with a 2-item subscale of the Brief COPE. Treatment acceptability was measured with the 11-item Treatment Evaluation Inventory (TEI). Depressive symptoms were measured with the 24-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD). We used linear regression modeling to examine correlates of religious coping at baseline and to examine associations of religious coping with treatment acceptability and depression outcome at 12 weeks. RESULTS Being female and being African American predicted higher religious coping. Additionally, active coping, emotional support coping, and clergy consultation on depression were significantly associated with higher religious coping. Religious coping was not significantly associated with TEI and HAMD scores at 12 weeks. CONCLUSION The findings show that once these older adults participate in depression treatment, they find it highly acceptable and benefit from treatment, regardless of their religious coping, and that psychotherapeutic treatment is a highly acceptable and effective addition to those with religious-oriented coping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namkee G. Choi
- Corresponding author: 1925 San Jacinto Blvd, Austin, TX 78712; ; 512-232-9590
| | | | | | - Mark E Kunik
- Houston VA HSR&D Center for Innovations in Quality, Effectiveness and Safety, Michael E. Debakey VA Medical Center, Houston, TX, USA.,VA South Central Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
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27
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Shapiro E, Levine L, Kay A. A Jerusalem Synagogue Coping During the Coronavirus Pandemic: Challenges and Opportunities. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2021; 60:81-98. [PMID: 33389438 PMCID: PMC7778493 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-020-01131-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
A diverse Modern Orthodox synagogue in Jerusalem continued to serve its congregants and maintain community despite closures and restrictions during the coronavirus pandemic. Members were surveyed in April 2020. There were minorities of members who were experiencing mental health issues, especially those less acculturated and no one surveyed received any professional mental health help. About a quarter of the members said that regular check-ins were important but some said they were not receiving enough of them. Synagogues can potentially serve as coping resources for congregants both during periods of crisis as well as during regular periods of operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ephraim Shapiro
- Department of Health Systems Management, Ariel University, 4 Kiryat Hamada, 40700, Ariel, Israel.
| | - Livia Levine
- Department of Business Management, Jerusalem College of Technology, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Avi Kay
- Department of Business Management, Jerusalem College of Technology, Jerusalem, Israel
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28
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Kulakçı-Altıntaş H, Ayaz-Alkaya S. Adaptation difficulty and religious coping styles for the elderly in Turkey. Psychogeriatrics 2020; 20:865-870. [PMID: 32924245 DOI: 10.1111/psyg.12606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many physical and psychosocial changes occur in elderly people due to aging. These changes affect the adaptation, coping style, and quality of life of elderly people. This study was conducted to determine the adaptation difficulty to the process of aging and religious coping styles used by elderly people. METHODS The research was conducted as a cross-sectional type. The sample consisted of 505 elderly people from seven family health centres of a city in Turkey. Data were collected via a personal information form, the Assessment Scale of Adaptation Difficulty for the Elderly, and the Religious Coping Scale. RESULTS The adaptation difficulty for the elderly total mean score was 0.52 (SD = 0.56). The positive religious coping mean score was 23.49 (SD = 5.30), and the negative religious coping mean score was 7.88 (SD = 3.20). While there was a negative weak relationship between the adaptation difficulty for the elderly and the positive religious coping (r = -0.147, P = 0.001), there was no significant relation between the adaptation difficulty for the elderly and the negative religious coping (r = -0.028, P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The results revealed that adaptation difficulty to the process of aging is low, elderly people use positive coping strategies, and adaptation to old age increased as positive coping strategies were used. Factors that affect religious coping must be considered to improve the health of elderly people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hülya Kulakçı-Altıntaş
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Nursing Department, Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit University, Zonguldak, Turkey
| | - Sultan Ayaz-Alkaya
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Nursing Department, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
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Associations of religiosity, attitudes towards suicide and religious coping with suicidal ideation and suicide attempts in 11 muslim countries. Soc Sci Med 2020; 265:113390. [DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2020.113390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Spiritual Needs of Older Adults during Hospitalization: An Integrative Review. RELIGIONS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/rel11100529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A hospital admission presents various challenges for a patient which often result in high or intense spiritual needs. To provide the best possible care for older adults during hospitalization, it is essential to assess patients’ spiritual needs. However, little research has been done into the spiritual needs of geriatric patients. This article seeks insight into what is known in the literature on the spiritual needs of geriatric patients. This integrative review presents a summary of the articles on this topic. To select eligible studies, the PRISMA Flow Diagram was used. This resulted in ten articles that have been reviewed. Results show (1) a wide interest in researching spiritual needs, using different research designs. In addition, (2) four subcategories of spiritual needs can be distinguished: (a) the need to be connected with others or with God/the transcendent/the divine, (b) religious needs, (c) the need to find meaning in life, and (d) the need to maintain one’s identity. Moreover, results show that (3) assessing spiritual needs is required to provide the best possible spiritual care, and that (4) there are four reasons for unmet spiritual needs. Further research is needed on the definition of spiritual needs and to investigate older patients’ spiritual needs and the relation with their well-being, mental health and religious coping mechanisms, in order to provide the best spiritual care.
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Jacob B, Huynh TV, White A, Nwaesei AS, Lorys R, Barker W, Hall J, Bush L, Allen WL. Pharmacy and Nursing Students' Perceptions Regarding the Role of Spirituality in Professional Education and Practice. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL EDUCATION 2020; 84:ajpe7777. [PMID: 33012792 PMCID: PMC7523665 DOI: 10.5688/ajpe7777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Objective. To compare first-year student pharmacists and nursing students with respect to their spirituality and perceptions of the role of spirituality in professional education and practice. Methods. This was a five-year, cross-sectional study. All first-year student pharmacists and nursing students were invited to participate in the survey during the first week of the fall semester in 2012 through 2016. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. Results. A total of 1,084 students participated, including 735 student pharmacists and 349 nursing students. Significant differences in baseline demographics were noted between the groups. Students in both groups reported having frequent spiritual experiences. A significantly larger percentage of nursing students reported these experiences compared to student pharmacists. Furthermore, compared with student pharmacists, nursing students were more likely to anticipate that spirituality would play a role in their academic course work (76% vs 58%) and professional practice (90% vs 74%). Conclusion. Student pharmacists and nursing students reported having frequent spiritual experiences, and both groups anticipated that spirituality would be incorporated into their education and professional practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bobby Jacob
- Mercer University, College of Pharmacy, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Tuong-Vi Huynh
- Mercer University, College of Pharmacy, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Annesha White
- University of North Texas System, College of Pharmacy, Fort Worth, Texas
| | | | - Robyn Lorys
- Mercer University, College of Pharmacy, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Wesley Barker
- Mercer University, College of Professional Advancement, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Jeffrey Hall
- Mercer University, Tift College of Education, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Lucy Bush
- Mercer University, Tift College of Education, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - W. Loyd Allen
- Mercer University, McAfee School of Theology, Atlanta, Georgia
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Abstract
Utilizing Whall and associates' philosophical analysis method, the concept of spiritual coping was critically evaluated to determine the relevance of this concept to nursing science. Studies were included in the literature review if participants were 55 years and older, as this cohort has reported using more spiritual coping strategies than younger cohorts. Twenty-four articles were reviewed and revealed 3 recurrent themes: enhanced physical, psychological, and social well-being, resilience, and self-transcendence. Support for the relevance of spiritual coping to nursing science was found, as these themes were easily placed within the context of 3 postmodern philosophical approaches and multiple extant nursing theories.
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Hatefi M, Vaisi-Raygani A, Borji M, Tarjoman A. Investigating the Relationship between Religious Beliefs with Care Burden, Stress, Anxiety, and Depression in Caregivers of Patients with Spinal Cord Injuries. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2020; 59:1754-1765. [PMID: 31187306 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-019-00853-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is one of the most severe diseases associated with the central nervous system of the individuals, which can lead to disability in the patient. The aim of the present study was to determine the relationship between religious beliefs with CG, depression, anxiety and stress (DAS) in caregivers of patients with SCI in the city of Ilam, Iran. This is a descriptive-analytic article, and the study population were caregivers of patients with SCI. A sample size of 150 patients was selected according to previous studies. The questionnaires used for data collection included Religious Coping Questionnaire (RC), Caregiver Questionnaire (CG), and Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) Items. In this study, caregivers of patients with SCI were included in the study using convenience sampling method in Ilam city. The researchers identified patient caregivers who met the inclusion criteria. The research objectives were described for caregivers, and the questioners were initiated if caregivers were willing to participate in the study. Literate caregivers completed questionnaires through interviews, and trained questioners completed for illiterate caregivers in the same way (interviewing). Data were analyzed using spss 16 statistical software, and descriptive and analytical methods were used for statistical analysis. According to the findings, the mean (SD) of RC is 18.41 (2.73), negative RC is 7.05 (2.06), positive RC is 11.36 (1.89), stress is 10.78 (6.27), anxiety is 10.12 (5.58), depression is 10.50 (3.08), and CG is 78.16 (27.09). There is a significant relationship between RC levels with stress (P = 0.000, F = 40.565), anxiety (P = 0.000, F = 45.300), and CG (P = 0.000, F = 37.332), but there was no relationship between the RC level with depression status (P = 0.42, F = 0.634). Considering that religion can affect the level of CG, stress, and anxiety of the caregivers of the patients, it is suggested to provide necessary conditions to improve the health status of caregivers of patients with SCI by improving the religion status in patients and performing appropriate interventions in this regard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Hatefi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Aliakbar Vaisi-Raygani
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Kermanshah University of Medical Science, Kermanshah, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Milad Borji
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Kermanshah University of Medical Science, Kermanshah, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Asma Tarjoman
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Islamic Republic of Iran.
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de Campos RJDS, Lucchetti G, Lucchetti ALG, da Rocha Ribeiro TC, Chebli LA, Malaguti C, Gaburri PD, Pereira LMN, de Almeida JG, Chebli JMF. The Impact of Spirituality and Religiosity on Mental Health and Quality of Life of Patients with Active Crohn's Disease. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2020; 59:1273-1286. [PMID: 30911874 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-019-00801-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We aim to investigate the association among religious/spiritual coping (RSC), quality of life (QOL), and mental health in patients with active Crohn's disease (CD). This cross-sectional study included 102 patients with active CD. Religious and spiritual beliefs were common among patients, being positive RSC higher than negative RSC. Negative coping was associated with mood disorders (depressive or anxiety symptoms) through the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (β = 0.260, p < 0.01) but not with QOL (Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire) (β = - 0.105, p = NS) after adjustments. Positive coping and other religious/spiritual beliefs and behaviors were not associated with either QOL or mental health. This study suggests that a negative RSC is associated with worse mental health outcomes. This may detrimentally impact adaptations to deal with CD in the active phase, although patients generally tend to use more common positive strategies. These findings may increase the awareness of health professionals while dealing with spiritual beliefs in patients with CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Jacob Daniel Salomão de Campos
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, University Hospital, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, University of Juiz de Fora School of Medicine, Maria José Leal Street, 296, CEP 36036-247, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Giancarlo Lucchetti
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, School of Medicine, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | | | - Tarsila Campanha da Rocha Ribeiro
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, University Hospital, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, University of Juiz de Fora School of Medicine, Maria José Leal Street, 296, CEP 36036-247, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Liliana Andrade Chebli
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, University Hospital, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, University of Juiz de Fora School of Medicine, Maria José Leal Street, 296, CEP 36036-247, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Carla Malaguti
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, University Hospital, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, University of Juiz de Fora School of Medicine, Maria José Leal Street, 296, CEP 36036-247, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Pedro Duarte Gaburri
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, University Hospital, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, University of Juiz de Fora School of Medicine, Maria José Leal Street, 296, CEP 36036-247, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Lívia Maria Neiva Pereira
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, University Hospital, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, University of Juiz de Fora School of Medicine, Maria José Leal Street, 296, CEP 36036-247, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Juliana Garcia de Almeida
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, University Hospital, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, University of Juiz de Fora School of Medicine, Maria José Leal Street, 296, CEP 36036-247, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Julio Maria Fonseca Chebli
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, University Hospital, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, University of Juiz de Fora School of Medicine, Maria José Leal Street, 296, CEP 36036-247, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil.
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