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Pawlak M, Kemp J, Bray S, Chenji S, Noel M, Birnie KA, MacMaster FP, Miller JV, Kopala-Sibley DC. Macrostructural Brain Morphology as Moderator of the Relationship Between Pandemic-Related Stress and Internalizing Symptomology During COVID-19 in High-Risk Adolescents. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY. COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING 2024:S2451-9022(24)00190-3. [PMID: 39019399 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2024.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 06/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND According to person-by-environment models, individual differences in traits may moderate the association between stressors and the development of psychopathology; however, findings in the literature have been inconsistent and little literature has examined adolescent brain structure as a moderator of the effects of stress on adolescent internalizing symptoms. The COVID-19 pandemic presented a unique opportunity to examine the associations between stress, brain structure, and psychopathology. Given links of cortical morphology with adolescent depression and anxiety, the present study investigated whether cortical morphology moderates the relationship between stress from the COVID-19 pandemic on the development of internalizing symptoms in familial high-risk adolescents. METHODS Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, 72 adolescents (27M) completed a measure of depressive and anxiety symptoms and underwent magnetic resonance imaging. T1-weighted images were acquired to assess cortical thickness and surface area. Approximately 6-8 months after COVID-19 was declared a global pandemic, adolescents reported their depressive and anxiety symptoms and pandemic-related stress. RESULTS Adjusting for pre-pandemic depressive and anxiety symptoms and stress, increased pandemic-related stress was associated with increased depressive but not anxiety symptoms. This relationship was moderated by cortical thickness and surface area in the anterior cingulate and cortical thickness in the medial orbitofrontal cortex such that increased stress was only associated with increased depressive and anxiety symptoms among adolescents with lower cortical surface area and higher cortical thickness in these regions. CONCLUSIONS Results further our understanding of neural vulnerabilities to the associations between stress and internalizing symptoms in general, and during the COVID-19 pandemic in particular.
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Affiliation(s)
- McKinley Pawlak
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Alberta Children Hospital Research Institute (ACHRI), University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research and Education, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada,.
| | - Jennifer Kemp
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research and Education, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Signe Bray
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Child and Adolescent Imaging Research (CAIR) Program, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Alberta Children Hospital Research Institute (ACHRI), University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Dept. of Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Dept. of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Sneha Chenji
- Dept. of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Melanie Noel
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Alberta Children Hospital Research Institute (ACHRI), University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Dept. of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Kathryn A Birnie
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Alberta Children Hospital Research Institute (ACHRI), University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Dept. of Anesthesiology, Perioperative, and Pain Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research and Education, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada,; Dept. of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Frank P MacMaster
- Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada; IWK Health, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Jillian Vinall Miller
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Alberta Children Hospital Research Institute (ACHRI), University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Dept. of Anesthesiology, Perioperative, and Pain Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Daniel C Kopala-Sibley
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Alberta Children Hospital Research Institute (ACHRI), University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Dept. of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research and Education, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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Ge MJ, Chen G, Zhang ZQ, Yu ZH, Shen JX, Pan C, Han F, Xu H, Zhu XL, Lu YP. Chronic restraint stress induces depression-like behaviors and alterations in the afferent projections of medial prefrontal cortex from multiple brain regions in mice. Brain Res Bull 2024; 213:110981. [PMID: 38777132 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2024.110981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) forms output pathways through projection neurons, inversely receiving adjacent and long-range inputs from other brain regions. However, how afferent neurons of mPFC are affected by chronic stress needs to be clarified. In this study, the effects of chronic restraint stress (CRS) on the distribution density of mPFC dendrites/dendritic spines and the projections from the cortex and subcortical brain regions to the mPFC were investigated. METHODS In the present study, C57BL/6 J transgenic (Thy1-YFP-H) mice were subjected to CRS to establish an animal model of depression. The infralimbic (IL) of mPFC was selected as the injection site of retrograde AAV using stereotactic technique. The effects of CRS on dendrites/dendritic spines and afferent neurons of the mPFC IL were investigaed by quantitatively assessing the distribution density of green fluorescent (YFP) positive dendrites/dendritic spines and red fluorescent (retrograde AAV recombinant protein) positive neurons, respectively. RESULTS The results revealed that retrograde tracing virus labeled neurons were widely distributed in ipsilateral and contralateral cingulate cortex (Cg1), second cingulate cortex (Cg2), prelimbic cortex (PrL), infralimbic cortex, medial orbital cortex (MO), and dorsal peduncular cortex (DP). The effects of CRS on the distribution density of mPFC red fluorescence positive neurons exhibited regional differences, ranging from rostral to caudal or from top to bottom. Simultaneously, CRS resulted a decrease in the distribution density of basal, proximal and distal dendrites, as well as an increase in the loss of dendritic spines of the distal dendrites in the IL of mPFC. Furthermore, varying degrees of red retrograde tracing virus fluorescence signals were observed in other cortices, amygdala, hippocampus, septum/basal forebrain, hypothalamus, thalamus, mesencephalon, and brainstem in both ipsilateral and contralateral brain. CRS significantly reduced the distribution density of red fluorescence positive neurons in other cortices, hippocampus, septum/basal forebrain, hypothalamus, and thalamus. Conversely, CRS significantly increased the distribution density of red fluorescence positive neurons in amygdala. CONCLUSION Our results suggest a possible mechanism that CRS leads to disturbances in synaptic plasticity by affecting multiple inputs to the mPFC, which is characterized by a decrease in the distribution density of dendrites/dendritic spines in the IL of mPFC and a reduction in input neurons of multiple cortices to the IL of mPFC as well as an increase in input neurons of amygdala to the IL of mPFC, ultimately causing depression-like behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Jun Ge
- College of Life Science, Anhui Normal University, No. 1 Beijing East Road, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Geng Chen
- College of Life Science, Anhui Normal University, No. 1 Beijing East Road, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Zhen-Qiang Zhang
- College of Life Science, Anhui Normal University, No. 1 Beijing East Road, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Zong-Hao Yu
- College of Life Science, Anhui Normal University, No. 1 Beijing East Road, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Jun-Xian Shen
- College of Life Science, Anhui Normal University, No. 1 Beijing East Road, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Chuan Pan
- College of Life Science, Anhui Normal University, No. 1 Beijing East Road, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Fei Han
- College of Life Science, Anhui Normal University, No. 1 Beijing East Road, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Hui Xu
- College of Life Science, Anhui Normal University, No. 1 Beijing East Road, Wuhu 241000, China; Anhui College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 18 Wuxiashan West Road, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Xiu-Ling Zhu
- College of Life Science, Anhui Normal University, No. 1 Beijing East Road, Wuhu 241000, China; Department of Anatomy, Wannan Medical College, No. 22 Wenchang West Road, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Ya-Ping Lu
- College of Life Science, Anhui Normal University, No. 1 Beijing East Road, Wuhu 241000, China.
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Hare MM, Barber A, Shaffer SA, Deligiannidis KM. Bidirectional associations between perinatal allopregnanolone and depression severity with postpartum gray matter volume in adult women. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2024. [PMID: 38923502 DOI: 10.1111/acps.13723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Perinatal depression (PND) is a debilitating condition affecting maternal well-being and child development. Allopregnanolone (ALLO) is important to perinatal neuroplasticity, however its relationship with depression severity and postpartum structural brain volume is unknown. METHOD We examined perinatal temporal dynamics and bidirectional associations between ALLO and depression severity and the association between these variables and postpartum gray matter volume, using a random intercept cross-lagged panel model. RESULTS We identified a unidirectional predictive relationship between PND severity and ALLO concentration, suggesting greater depression severity early in the perinatal period may contribute to subsequent changes in ALLO concentration (β = 0.26, p = 0.009), while variations in ALLO levels during the perinatal period influences the development and severity of depressive symptoms later in the postpartum period (β = 0.38, p = 0.007). Antepartum depression severity (Visit 2, β = 0.35, p = 0.004), ALLO concentration (Visit 2, β = 0.37, p = 0.001), and postpartum depression severity (Visit 3, β = 0.39, p = 0.031), each predicted the right anterior cingulate volume. Antepartum ALLO concentration (Visit 2, β = 0.29, p = 0.001) predicted left suborbital sulcus volume. Antepartum depression severity (Visit 1, β = 0.39, p = 0.006 and Visit 2, β = 0.48, p < 0.001) predicted the right straight gyrus volume. Postpartum depression severity (Visit 3, β = 0.36, p = 0.001) predicted left middle-posterior cingulate volume. CONCLUSION These results provide the first evidence of bidirectional associations between perinatal ALLO and depression severity with postpartum gray matter volume.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan M Hare
- Center for Children and Families, Department of Psychology, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Anita Barber
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Psychiatry Research, Zucker Hillside Hospital, Northwell Health, Glen Oaks, New York, USA
- The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, New York, USA
| | - Scott A Shaffer
- The Mass Spectrometry Facility, UMass Chan Medical School, Shrewsbury, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kristina M Deligiannidis
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Psychiatry Research, Zucker Hillside Hospital, Northwell Health, Glen Oaks, New York, USA
- The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, New York, USA
- Departments of Psychiatry, Molecular Medicine and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, New York, USA
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Liu Q, Davey D, Jimmy J, Ajilore O, Klumpp H. Network Analysis of Behavioral Activation/Inhibition Systems and Brain Volume in Individuals With and Without Major Depressive Disorder or Social Anxiety Disorder. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY. COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING 2024; 9:551-560. [PMID: 37659443 PMCID: PMC10904669 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2023.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social anxiety disorder (SAD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) are characterized by behavioral abnormalities in motivational systems, namely the behavioral inhibition system (BIS) and behavioral activation system (BAS). Limited studies indicate brain volume in regions that support emotion, learning/memory, reward, and cognitive functions relate to BIS/BAS. To increase understanding of BIS/BAS, the current study used a network approach. METHODS Patients with SAD (n = 59), patients with MDD (n = 64), and healthy control participants (n = 36) completed a BIS/BAS questionnaire and structural magnetic resonance imaging scans; volumetric regions of interest comprised cortical and limbic structures based on previous BIS/BAS studies. A Bayesian Gaussian graphical model was used for each diagnostic group, and groups were compared. Among network metrics, bridge centrality was of primary interest. Analysis of variance evaluated BIS/BAS behaviors between groups. RESULTS Bridge centrality showed hippocampus positively related to BAS, but not to BIS, in the MDD group; no findings were observed in the SAD or control groups. Yet, network density (i.e., overall strength of relationships between variables) and degree centrality (i.e., overall relationship between one variable to all other variables) showed that cortical (e.g., precuneus, medial orbitofrontal) and subcortical (e.g., amygdala, hippocampus) regions differed between diagnostic groups. Analysis of variance results showed BAS was lower in the MDD/SAD groups compared with the control group, while BIS was higher in the SAD group relative to the MDD group, which in turn was higher than the control group. CONCLUSIONS Preliminary findings indicate that network-level aberrations may underlie motivational abnormalities in MDD and SAD. Evidence of BIS/BAS differences builds on previous work that points to shared and distinct motivational differences in internalizing psychopathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qimin Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Delaney Davey
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.
| | - Jagan Jimmy
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Olusola Ajilore
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Heide Klumpp
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
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Qiu J, Gu W, Zhang Y, Wang L, Shen J. Alterations of the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation induced by repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation combined with antidepressants treatment for major depressive disorder. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2024; 340:111792. [PMID: 38484532 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2024.111792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
We investigated the neuroimaging changes and clinical efficacy of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) combined with antidepressants in major depressive disorder (MDD) patients. We scanned 35 patients with MDD and 27 healthy controls (HC) with resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) before and after treatment. We analyzed amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) and the correlation with clinical variables. The rate of significant efficacy after treatment was higher in the combination treatment group than in the antidepressant group, although not statistically significant. At baseline, ALFF increased in the left middle temporal, brain stem, and left cerebellum and decreased in the right anterior cingulate (ACC), right orbital frontal cortex (OFC), and right caudate. ALFF increased in the left fusiform and decreased in the right lingual gyrus, left middle occipital gyrus, and left superior occipital gyrus after antidepressants. ALFF increased in the right ACC, right OFC, and right rectus after combination treatment. ALFF changes in the right ACC/OFC were negatively correlated with HAMD changes. After treatment, abnormal activity in some brain regions normalized, but these regions differed between the two treatment groups. rTMS combined with antidepressants therapy may improve MDD symptoms by improving neuronal activity levels in the right ACC and right OFC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Qiu
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China; Department of Radiology, Soochow University Affiliated Guangji Hospital, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Weiguo Gu
- Department of Radiology, Soochow University Affiliated Guangji Hospital, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Soochow University Affiliated Guangji Hospital, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Radiology, Soochow University Affiliated Guangji Hospital, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Junkang Shen
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China; Institute of Imaging Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Matte Bon G, Kraft D, Comasco E, Derntl B, Kaufmann T. Modeling brain sex in the limbic system as phenotype for female-prevalent mental disorders. Biol Sex Differ 2024; 15:42. [PMID: 38750598 PMCID: PMC11097569 DOI: 10.1186/s13293-024-00615-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sex differences exist in the prevalence and clinical manifestation of several mental disorders, suggesting that sex-specific brain phenotypes may play key roles. Previous research used machine learning models to classify sex from imaging data of the whole brain and studied the association of class probabilities with mental health, potentially overlooking regional specific characteristics. METHODS We here investigated if a regionally constrained model of brain volumetric imaging data may provide estimates that are more sensitive to mental health than whole brain-based estimates. Given its known role in emotional processing and mood disorders, we focused on the limbic system. Using two different cohorts of healthy subjects, the Human Connectome Project and the Queensland Twin IMaging, we investigated sex differences and heritability of brain volumes of limbic structures compared to non-limbic structures, and subsequently applied regionally constrained machine learning models trained solely on limbic or non-limbic features. To investigate the biological underpinnings of such models, we assessed the heritability of the obtained sex class probability estimates, and we investigated the association with major depression diagnosis in an independent clinical sample. All analyses were performed both with and without controlling for estimated total intracranial volume (eTIV). RESULTS Limbic structures show greater sex differences and are more heritable compared to non-limbic structures in both analyses, with and without eTIV control. Consequently, machine learning models performed well at classifying sex based solely on limbic structures and achieved performance as high as those on non-limbic or whole brain data, despite the much smaller number of features in the limbic system. The resulting class probabilities were heritable, suggesting potentially meaningful underlying biological information. Applied to an independent population with major depressive disorder, we found that depression is associated with male-female class probabilities, with largest effects obtained using the limbic model. This association was significant for models not controlling for eTIV whereas in those controlling for eTIV the associations did not pass significance correction. CONCLUSIONS Overall, our results highlight the potential utility of regionally constrained models of brain sex to better understand the link between sex differences in the brain and mental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Matte Bon
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Tübingen Center for Mental Health, University of Tübingen, Calwerstraße 14, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Dominik Kraft
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Tübingen Center for Mental Health, University of Tübingen, Calwerstraße 14, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Erika Comasco
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Birgit Derntl
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Tübingen Center for Mental Health, University of Tübingen, Calwerstraße 14, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
- German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), Partner Site Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Tobias Kaufmann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Tübingen Center for Mental Health, University of Tübingen, Calwerstraße 14, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.
- German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), Partner Site Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
- Centre for Precision Psychiatry, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
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Cai J, Li Y, Liu X, Zheng Y, Zhong D, Xue C, Zhang J, Zheng Z, Jin R, Li J. Genetic evidence suggests a genetic association between major depressive disorder and reduced cortical gray matter volume: A Mendelian randomization study and mediation analysis. J Affect Disord 2024; 351:738-745. [PMID: 38163566 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.12.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies have suggested an association between major depressive disorder (MDD) and abnormal brain structure. However, it is unclear whether MDD affects cortical gray matter volume, a common indicator of cognitive function. We aimed to determine whether MDD was associated with decreased cortical gray matter volume (GMV) through a Mendelian randomization (MR) study. METHODS We obtained summary genetic data from a study conducted by the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium, which recruited a total of 480,359 participants (135,458 cases and 344,901 controls). Genetic tools-single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)-of MDD were extracted from the study and their effects on gray matter volumes of the cortex and total brain were evaluated in a large cohort from the UK Biobank (n = 8427). The effects of the SNPs were pooled using inverse variance weighted (IVW) analysis and further tested in several sensitivity analyses. We tested whether C-reactive protein (CRP) levels and interleukin-6 signaling were the mediators of the effects using a multivariate MR model. RESULTS Thirty-three SNPs were identified and adopted as genetic tools for predicting MDD. IVW analysis showed that MDD was associated with lower overall GMV (beta value -0.106, 95%CI -0.188 to -0.023, p = 0.011) in the frontal pole (left frontal pole, -0.152, 95%CI -0.177 to -0.127, p = 0.013; right frontal pole, -0.133, 95%CI -0.253 to -0.013, p = 0.028). Multivariate and mediation analysis showed that interleukin-6 was an important mediator of GMV reduction. Reverse causality analysis found no evidence that total GMV affected the risk of MDD, but showed that increased left precuneus cortex volume and left posterior cingulate cortex volume were associated with increased risk of MDD. LIMITATIONS Potential pleiotropic effects and overestimation of real-world effects. Key assumptions for MR analysis may not be satisfactorily met. CONCLUSION MDD was associated with a reduced GMV, and interleukin-6 might be a mediator of GMV reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jixi Cai
- School of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China; Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China (Airport) Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuxi Li
- School of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaobo Liu
- School of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yaling Zheng
- Department of Rehabilitative Medicine, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Dongling Zhong
- School of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Chen Xue
- School of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiaming Zhang
- Center for Neurological Function Test and Neuromodulation, West China Xiamen Hospital, Sichuan University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Zhong Zheng
- Center for Neurological Function Test and Neuromodulation, West China Xiamen Hospital, Sichuan University, Xiamen, Fujian, China; Neurobiological Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Rongjiang Jin
- School of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Juan Li
- School of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China; Affiliated Rehabilitation Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine/Sichuan provincial BAYI rehabilitation center (Sichuan provincial rehabilitation hospital), China.
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Engler-Chiurazzi E. B cells and the stressed brain: emerging evidence of neuroimmune interactions in the context of psychosocial stress and major depression. Front Cell Neurosci 2024; 18:1360242. [PMID: 38650657 PMCID: PMC11033448 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2024.1360242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The immune system has emerged as a key regulator of central nervous system (CNS) function in health and in disease. Importantly, improved understanding of immune contributions to mood disorders has provided novel opportunities for the treatment of debilitating stress-related mental health conditions such as major depressive disorder (MDD). Yet, the impact to, and involvement of, B lymphocytes in the response to stress is not well-understood, leaving a fundamental gap in our knowledge underlying the immune theory of depression. Several emerging clinical and preclinical findings highlight pronounced consequences for B cells in stress and MDD and may indicate key roles for B cells in modulating mood. This review will describe the clinical and foundational observations implicating B cell-psychological stress interactions, discuss potential mechanisms by which B cells may impact brain function in the context of stress and mood disorders, describe research tools that support the investigation of their neurobiological impacts, and highlight remaining research questions. The goal here is for this discussion to illuminate both the scope and limitations of our current understanding regarding the role of B cells, stress, mood, and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Engler-Chiurazzi
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neurology, Clinical Neuroscience Research Center, Tulane Brain Institute, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States
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Herzberg MP, DeJoseph ML, Luby J, Barch DM. Threat experiences moderate the link between hippocampus volume and depression symptoms prospectively in adolescence. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2024; 66:101359. [PMID: 38447469 PMCID: PMC10925924 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2024.101359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Identifying neuroimaging risk markers for depression has been an elusive goal in psychopathology research. Despite this, smaller hippocampal volume has emerged as a potential risk marker for depression, with recent research suggesting this association is moderated by family income. The current pre-registered study aimed to replicate and extend these findings by examining the moderating role of family income and three dimensions of environmental experience on the link between hippocampus volume and later depression. Data were drawn from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study and were comprised of 6693 youth aged 9-10 years at baseline. Results indicated that psychosocial threat moderated the association between right hippocampus volume and depression symptoms two years later, such that a negative association was evident in low-threat environments (std. beta=0.15, 95% CI [0.05, 0.24]). This interaction remained significant when baseline depression symptoms were included as a covariate, though only in youth endorsing 1 or more depression symptoms at baseline (β = 0.13, 95% CI = [0.03, 0.22]). These results suggest that hippocampus volume may not be a consistent correlate of depression symptoms in high risk environments and emphasize the importance of including measures of environmental heterogeneity when seeking risk markers for depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max P Herzberg
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.
| | - Meriah L DeJoseph
- Graduate School of Education, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Joan Luby
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Deanna M Barch
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA; Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA; Department of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
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Cichocki AC, Zinbarg RE, Craske MG, Chat IKY, Young KS, Bookheimer SY, Nusslock R. Transdiagnostic symptom of depression and anxiety associated with reduced gray matter volume in prefrontal cortex. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2024; 339:111791. [PMID: 38359709 PMCID: PMC10938645 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2024.111791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Dimensional models of psychopathology may provide insight into mechanisms underlying comorbid depression and anxiety and improve specificity and sensitivity of neuroanatomical findings. The present study is the first to examine neural structure alterations using the empirically derived Tri-level Model. Depression and anxiety symptoms of 269 young adults were assessed using the Tri-level Model dimensions: General Distress (transdiagnostic depression and anxiety symptoms), Anhedonia-Apprehension (relatively specific depression symptoms), and Fears (specific anxiety symptoms). Using structural MRI, gray matter volumes were extracted for emotion generation (amygdala, nucleus accumbens) and regulation (orbitofrontal, ventrolateral, and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex) regions, often implicated in depression and anxiety. Each Tri-level symptom was regressed onto each region of interest, separately, adjusting for relevant covariates. General Distress was significantly associated with smaller gray matter volumes in bilateral orbitofrontal cortex and ventrolateral prefrontal cortex, independent of Anhedonia-Apprehension and Fears symptom dimensions. These results suggests that prefrontal alterations are associated with transdiagnostic dysphoric mood common across depression and anxiety, rather than unique symptoms of these disorders. Additionally, no regions of interest were associated with Anhedonia-Apprehension or Fears, highlighting the importance of studying transdiagnostic features of depression and anxiety. This has implications for understanding mechanisms of and interventions for depression and anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna C Cichocki
- Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Swift Hall, 2029 Sheridan Road, Evanston IL 60208, United States.
| | - Richard E Zinbarg
- Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Swift Hall, 2029 Sheridan Road, Evanston IL 60208, United States; The Family Institute at Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States
| | - Michelle G Craske
- Department of Psychology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Iris K-Y Chat
- Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Swift Hall, 2029 Sheridan Road, Evanston IL 60208, United States
| | - Katherine S Young
- Department of Psychology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Susan Y Bookheimer
- Department of Psychology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Robin Nusslock
- Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Swift Hall, 2029 Sheridan Road, Evanston IL 60208, United States
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11
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Sacca V, Chai-Zhang TC, Hodges S, Amores J, Guler S, Todorova N, McDonald CM, Ge T, Kong J. Morphological changes of the limbic system associated with acute and chronic low-back pain: A UK biobank imaging study. Eur J Pain 2024; 28:608-619. [PMID: 38009393 PMCID: PMC10947961 DOI: 10.1002/ejp.2206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low back pain (LBP) is a major public health issue that influences physical and emotional factors integral to the limbic system. This study aims to investigate the association between LBP and brain morphometry alterations as the duration of LBP increases (acute vs. chronic). METHODS We used the UK Biobank data to investigate the morphological features of the limbic system in acute LBP (N = 115), chronic LBP (N = 243) and controls (N = 358), and tried to replicate our findings with an independent dataset composed of 45 acute LBP participants evaluated at different timepoints throughout 1 year from the OpenPain database. RESULTS We found that in comparison with chronic LBP and pain-free controls, acute LBP was associated with increased volumes of the nucleus accumbens, amygdala, hippocampus, and thalamus, and increased grey matter volumes in the hippocampus and posterior cingulate gyrus. In the replication cohort, we found non-significantly larger hippocampus and thalamus volumes in the 3-month visit (acute LBP) compared to the 1-year visit (chronic LBP), with similar effect sizes as the UK Biobank dataset. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that acute LBP is associated with dramatic morphometric increases in the limbic system and mesolimbic pathway, which may reflect an active brain response and self-regulation in the early stage of LBP. SIGNIFICANCE Our study suggests that LBP in the acute phase is associated with the brain morphometric changes (increase) in some limbic areas, indicating that the acute phase of LBP may represent a crucial stage of self-regulation and active response to the disease's onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Sacca
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, United States
| | - Thalia Celeste Chai-Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, United States
| | - Sierra Hodges
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, United States
| | - Judith Amores
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, United States
| | - Seyhmus Guler
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, United States
| | - Nevyana Todorova
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, United States
| | - Caroline Merritt McDonald
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, United States
| | - Tian Ge
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, United States
| | - Jian Kong
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, United States
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12
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Liu N, Sun H, Yang C, Li X, Gao Z, Gong Q, Zhang W, Lui S. The difference in volumetric alternations of the orbitofrontal-limbic-striatal system between major depressive disorder and anxiety disorders: A systematic review and voxel-based meta-analysis. J Affect Disord 2024; 350:65-77. [PMID: 38199394 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.01.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major depressive disorder (MDD) and anxiety disorders (ANX) are psychiatric disorders with high mutual comorbidity rates that might indicate some shared neurobiological pathways between them, but they retain diverse phenotypes that characterize themselves specifically. However, no consistent evidence exists for common and disorder-specific gray matter volume (GMV) alternations between them. METHODS A systematic review and meta-analysis on voxel-based morphometry studies of patients with MDD and ANX were performed. The effect of comorbidity was explicitly controlled during disorder-specific analysis and particularly investigated in patient with comorbidity. RESULTS A total of 45 studies with 54 datasets comprising 2196 patients and 2055 healthy participants met the inclusion criteria. Deficits in the orbitofrontal cortex, striatum, and limbic regions were found in MDD and ANX. The disorder-specific analyses showed decreased GMV in the bilateral anterior cingulate cortex, right striatum, hippocampus, and cerebellum in MDD, while decreased GMV in the left striatum, amygdala, insula, and increased cerebellar volume in ANX. A totally different GMV alternation pattern was shown involving bilateral temporal and parietal gyri and left fusiform gyrus in patients with comorbidity. LIMITATIONS Owing to the design of included studies, only partial patients in the comorbid group had a secondary comorbidity diagnosis. CONCLUSION Patients with MDD and ANX shared a structural disruption in the orbitofrontal-limbic-striatal system. The disorder-specific effects manifested their greatest severity in distinct lateralization and directionality of these changes that differentiate MDD from ANX. The comorbid group showed a totally different GMV alternation pattern, possibly suggesting another illness subtype that requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naici Liu
- Department of Radiology, and Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Hui Sun
- Department of Radiology, and Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Chengmin Yang
- Department of Radiology, and Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Xing Li
- Department of Radiology, and Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Ziyang Gao
- Department of Radiology, and Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiyong Gong
- Department of Radiology, and Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China; Department of Radiology, West China Xiamen Hospital of Sichuan University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- Department of Radiology, and Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China.
| | - Su Lui
- Department of Radiology, and Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China.
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13
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Bremshey S, Groß J, Renken K, Masseck OA. The role of serotonin in depression-A historical roundup and future directions. J Neurochem 2024. [PMID: 38477031 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.16097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Depression is one of the most common psychiatric disorders worldwide, affecting approximately 280 million people, with probably much higher unrecorded cases. Depression is associated with symptoms such as anhedonia, feelings of hopelessness, sleep disturbances, and even suicidal thoughts. Tragically, more than 700 000 people commit suicide each year. Although depression has been studied for many decades, the exact mechanisms that lead to depression are still unknown, and available treatments only help a fraction of patients. In the late 1960s, the serotonin hypothesis was published, suggesting that serotonin is the key player in depressive disorders. However, this hypothesis is being increasingly doubted as there is evidence for the influence of other neurotransmitters, such as noradrenaline, glutamate, and dopamine, as well as larger systemic causes such as altered activity in the limbic network or inflammatory processes. In this narrative review, we aim to contribute to the ongoing debate on the involvement of serotonin in depression. We will review the evolution of antidepressant treatments, systemic research on depression over the years, and future research applications that will help to bridge the gap between systemic research and neurotransmitter dynamics using biosensors. These new tools in combination with systemic applications, will in the future provide a deeper understanding of the serotonergic dynamics in depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svenja Bremshey
- Synthetic Biology, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
- Neuropharmacology, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Juliana Groß
- Synthetic Biology, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Kim Renken
- Synthetic Biology, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
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14
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Young JJ, Chan AHW, Jette N, Bender HA, Saad AE, Saez I, Panov F, Ghatan S, Yoo JY, Singh A, Fields MC, Marcuse LV, Mayberg HS. Elevated phase amplitude coupling as a depression biomarker in epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav 2024; 152:109659. [PMID: 38301454 PMCID: PMC10923038 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2024.109659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Depression is prevalent in epilepsy patients and their intracranial brain activity recordings can be used to determine the types of brain activity that are associated with comorbid depression. We performed case-control comparison of spectral power and phase amplitude coupling (PAC) in 34 invasively monitored drug resistant epilepsy patients' brain recordings. The values of spectral power and PAC for one-minute segments out of every hour in a patient's study were correlated with pre-operative assessment of depressive symptoms by Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI). We identified an elevated PAC signal (theta-alpha-beta phase (5-25 Hz)/gamma frequency (80-100 Hz) band) that is present in high BDI scores but not low BDI scores adult epilepsy patients in brain regions implicated in primary depression, including anterior cingulate cortex, amygdala and orbitofrontal cortex. Our results showed the application of PAC as a network-specific, electrophysiologic biomarker candidate for comorbid depression and its potential as treatment target for neuromodulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- James J Young
- Departments of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA.
| | - Andy Ho Wing Chan
- Departments of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA.
| | - Nathalie Jette
- Departments of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA.
| | - Heidi A Bender
- Weill Cornell Medicine, Department of Neurological Surgery, 525 East 68th Street, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Adam E Saad
- Departments of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA.
| | - Ignacio Saez
- Departments of Neurocience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
| | - Fedor Panov
- Departments of Neurosurgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA.
| | - Saadi Ghatan
- Departments of Neurosurgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA.
| | - Ji Yeoun Yoo
- Departments of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA.
| | - Anuradha Singh
- Departments of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA.
| | - Madeline C Fields
- Departments of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA.
| | - Lara V Marcuse
- Departments of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA.
| | - Helen S Mayberg
- Departments of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Departments of Neurosurgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Center for Advanced Circuit Therapeutics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
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15
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Hao W, Dai X, Wei M, Li S, Peng M, Xue Q, Lin H, Wang H, Song P, Wang Y. Efficacy of transcranial photobiomodulation in the treatment for major depressive disorder: A TMS-EEG and pilot study. PHOTODERMATOLOGY, PHOTOIMMUNOLOGY & PHOTOMEDICINE 2024; 40:e12957. [PMID: 38470033 DOI: 10.1111/phpp.12957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major depressive disorder (MDD) was a prevalent mental condition that may be accompanied by decreased excitability of left frontal pole (FP) and abnormal brain connections. An 820 nm tPBM can induce an increase in stimulated cortical excitability. The purpose of our study was to establish how clinical symptoms and time-varying brain network connectivity of MDD were affected by transcranial photobiomodulation (tPBM). METHODS A total of 11 patients with MDD received 820 nm tPBM targeting the left FP for 14 consecutive days. The severity of symptoms was evaluated by neuropsychological assessments at baseline, after treatment, 4-week and 8-week follow-up; 8-min transcranial magnetic stimulation combined electroencephalography (TMS-EEG) was performed for five healthy controls and five patients with MDD before and after treatment, and time-varying EEG network was analyzed using the adaptive-directed transfer function. RESULTS All of scales scores in the 11 patients decreased significantly after 14-day tPBM (p < .01) and remained at 8-week follow-up. The time-varying brain network analysis suggested that the brain regions with enhanced connection information outflow in MDD became gradually more similar to healthy controls after treatment. CONCLUSIONS This study showed that tPBM of the left FP could improve symptoms of patients with MDD and normalize the abnormal network connections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wensi Hao
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuromodulation, Beijing, China
- Center of Epilepsy, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaona Dai
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuromodulation, Beijing, China
- Center of Epilepsy, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Min Wei
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuromodulation, Beijing, China
| | - Siran Li
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Mao Peng
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Xue
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hua Lin
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Huicong Wang
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuromodulation, Beijing, China
| | - Penghui Song
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuromodulation, Beijing, China
- Center of Epilepsy, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Center for sleep and consciousness disorders, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuping Wang
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuromodulation, Beijing, China
- Center of Epilepsy, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Center for sleep and consciousness disorders, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Hebei Hospital of Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Neuromedical Technology Innovation Center of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
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16
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Toffanin T, Cattarinussi G, Ghiotto N, Lussignoli M, Pavan C, Pieri L, Schiff S, Finatti F, Romagnolo F, Folesani F, Nanni MG, Caruso R, Zerbinati L, Belvederi Murri M, Ferrara M, Pigato G, Grassi L, Sambataro F. Effects of electroconvulsive therapy on cortical thickness in depression: a systematic review. Acta Neuropsychiatr 2024:1-15. [PMID: 38343196 DOI: 10.1017/neu.2024.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is one of the most studied and validated available treatments for severe or treatment-resistant depression. However, little is known about the neural mechanisms underlying ECT. This systematic review aims to critically review all structural magnetic resonance imaging studies investigating longitudinal cortical thickness (CT) changes after ECT in patients with unipolar or bipolar depression. METHODS We performed a search on PubMed, Medline, and Embase to identify all available studies published before April 20, 2023. A total of 10 studies were included. RESULTS The investigations showed widespread increases in CT after ECT in depressed patients, involving mainly the temporal, insular, and frontal regions. In five studies, CT increases in a non-overlapping set of brain areas correlated with the clinical efficacy of ECT. The small sample size, heterogeneity in terms of populations, comorbidities, and ECT protocols, and the lack of a control group in some investigations limit the generalisability of the results. CONCLUSIONS Our findings support the idea that ECT can increase CT in patients with unipolar and bipolar depression. It remains unclear whether these changes are related to the clinical response. Future larger studies with longer follow-up are warranted to thoroughly address the potential role of CT as a biomarker of clinical response after ECT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Toffanin
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, Institute of Psychiatry, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giulia Cattarinussi
- Department of Neuroscience (DNS), University of Padova, Padua, Italy
- Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Kings College London, London, UK
| | - Niccolò Ghiotto
- Department of Neuroscience (DNS), University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Chiara Pavan
- Department of Neuroscience (DNS), University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Luca Pieri
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Sami Schiff
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Francesco Finatti
- Department of Neuroscience (DNS), University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Francesca Romagnolo
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, Institute of Psychiatry, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Federica Folesani
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, Institute of Psychiatry, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Maria Giulia Nanni
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, Institute of Psychiatry, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Rosangela Caruso
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, Institute of Psychiatry, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Luigi Zerbinati
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, Institute of Psychiatry, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Martino Belvederi Murri
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, Institute of Psychiatry, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Maria Ferrara
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, Institute of Psychiatry, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giorgio Pigato
- Department of Psychiatry, Padova University Hospital, Padua, Italy
| | - Luigi Grassi
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, Institute of Psychiatry, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Fabio Sambataro
- Department of Neuroscience (DNS), University of Padova, Padua, Italy
- Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
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17
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Coffman C, Feczko E, Larsen B, Tervo-Clemmens B, Conan G, Lundquist JT, Houghton A, Moore LA, Weldon K, McCollum R, Perrone AJ, Fayzullobekova B, Madison TJ, Earl E, Dominguez OM, Fair DA, Basu S. Heritability estimation of subcortical volumes in a multi-ethnic multi-site cohort study. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.11.575231. [PMID: 38260520 PMCID: PMC10802572 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.11.575231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Heritability of regional subcortical brain volumes (rSBVs) describes the role of genetics in middle and inner brain development. rSBVs are highly heritable in adults but are not characterized well in adolescents. The Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development study (ABCD), taken over 22 US sites, provides data to characterize the heritability of subcortical structures in adolescence. In ABCD, site-specific effects co-occur with genetic effects which can bias heritability estimates. Existing methods adjusting for site effects require additional steps to adjust for site effects and can lead to inconsistent estimation. We propose a random-effect model-based method of moments approach that is a single step estimator and is a theoretically consistent estimator even when sites are imbalanced and performs well under simulations. We compare methods on rSBVs from ABCD. The proposed approach yielded heritability estimates similar to previous results derived from single-site studies. The cerebellum cortex and hippocampus were the most heritable regions (> 50%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Coffman
- Division of Biostatistics, University of Minnesota, 100 Church Street SE, Minneapolis, 55455-0213, MN, USA
| | - Eric Feczko
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, 100 Church Street SE, Minneapolis, 55455-0213, MN, USA
- Masonic Institue for the Devloping Brain, University of Minnesota, 2025 East River Parkway, Minneapolis, 55414, MN, USA
| | - Bart Larsen
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, 100 Church Street SE, Minneapolis, 55455-0213, MN, USA
- Masonic Institue for the Devloping Brain, University of Minnesota, 2025 East River Parkway, Minneapolis, 55414, MN, USA
| | - Brenden Tervo-Clemmens
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, 100 Church Street SE, Minneapolis, 55455-0213, MN, USA
- Masonic Institue for the Devloping Brain, University of Minnesota, 2025 East River Parkway, Minneapolis, 55414, MN, USA
| | - Gregory Conan
- Masonic Institue for the Devloping Brain, University of Minnesota, 2025 East River Parkway, Minneapolis, 55414, MN, USA
| | - Jacob T. Lundquist
- Masonic Institue for the Devloping Brain, University of Minnesota, 2025 East River Parkway, Minneapolis, 55414, MN, USA
| | - Audrey Houghton
- Masonic Institue for the Devloping Brain, University of Minnesota, 2025 East River Parkway, Minneapolis, 55414, MN, USA
| | - Lucille A. Moore
- Masonic Institue for the Devloping Brain, University of Minnesota, 2025 East River Parkway, Minneapolis, 55414, MN, USA
| | - Kimberly Weldon
- Masonic Institue for the Devloping Brain, University of Minnesota, 2025 East River Parkway, Minneapolis, 55414, MN, USA
| | - Rae McCollum
- Masonic Institue for the Devloping Brain, University of Minnesota, 2025 East River Parkway, Minneapolis, 55414, MN, USA
| | - Anders J. Perrone
- Masonic Institue for the Devloping Brain, University of Minnesota, 2025 East River Parkway, Minneapolis, 55414, MN, USA
| | - Begim Fayzullobekova
- Masonic Institue for the Devloping Brain, University of Minnesota, 2025 East River Parkway, Minneapolis, 55414, MN, USA
| | - Thomas J. Madison
- Masonic Institue for the Devloping Brain, University of Minnesota, 2025 East River Parkway, Minneapolis, 55414, MN, USA
| | - Eric Earl
- Masonic Institue for the Devloping Brain, University of Minnesota, 2025 East River Parkway, Minneapolis, 55414, MN, USA
| | - Oscar Miranda Dominguez
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, 100 Church Street SE, Minneapolis, 55455-0213, MN, USA
- Masonic Institue for the Devloping Brain, University of Minnesota, 2025 East River Parkway, Minneapolis, 55414, MN, USA
| | - Damien A. Fair
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, 100 Church Street SE, Minneapolis, 55455-0213, MN, USA
- Masonic Institue for the Devloping Brain, University of Minnesota, 2025 East River Parkway, Minneapolis, 55414, MN, USA
| | - Saonli Basu
- Division of Biostatistics, University of Minnesota, 100 Church Street SE, Minneapolis, 55455-0213, MN, USA
- Masonic Institue for the Devloping Brain, University of Minnesota, 2025 East River Parkway, Minneapolis, 55414, MN, USA
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18
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van de Weijer MP, Vermeulen J, Schrantee A, Munafò MR, Verweij KJH, Treur JL. The potential role of gray matter volume differences in the association between smoking and depression: A narrative review. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2024; 156:105497. [PMID: 38100958 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Tobacco use and major depression are both leading contributors to the global burden of disease and are also highly comorbid. Previous research indicates bi-directional causality between tobacco use and depression, but the mechanisms that underlie this causality are unclear, especially for the causality from tobacco use to depression. Here we narratively review the available evidence for a potential causal role of gray matter volume in the association. We summarize the findings of large existing neuroimaging meta-analyses, studies in UK Biobank, and the Enhancing NeuroImaging Genetics through MetaAnalysis (ENIGMA) consortium and assess the overlap in implicated brain areas. In addition, we review two types of methods that allow us more insight into the causal nature of associations between brain volume and depression/smoking: longitudinal studies and Mendelian Randomization studies. While the available evidence suggests overlap in the alterations in brain volumes implicated in tobacco use and depression, there is a lack of research examining the underlying pathophysiology. We conclude with recommendations on (genetically-informed) causal inference methods useful for studying these associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margot P van de Weijer
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Jentien Vermeulen
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Anouk Schrantee
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marcus R Munafò
- School of Psychological Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, the United Kingdom
| | - Karin J H Verweij
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jorien L Treur
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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19
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Zhang Y, Yang Y, Li H, Feng Q, Ge W, Xu X. Investigating the Potential Mechanisms and Therapeutic Targets of Inflammatory Cytokines in Post-stroke Depression. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:132-147. [PMID: 37592185 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03563-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Post-stroke depression (PSD) affects approximately one-third of stroke survivors, severely impacting general recovery and quality of life. Despite extensive studies, the exact mechanisms underlying PSD remain elusive. However, emerging evidence implicates proinflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and interleukin-18, play critical roles in PSD development. These cytokines contribute to PSD through various mechanisms, including hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis dysfunction, neurotransmitter alterations, neurotrophic factor changes, gut microbiota imbalances, and genetic predispositions. This review is aimed at exploring the role of cytokines in stroke and PSD while identifying their potential as specific therapeutic targets for managing PSD. A more profound understanding of the mechanisms regulating inflammatory cytokine expression and anti-inflammatory cytokines like interleukin-10 in PSD may facilitate the development of innovative interventions to improve outcomes for stroke survivors experiencing depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutong Zhang
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Yuehua Yang
- Department of Neurology, Suzhou Yongding Hospital, Suzhou, 215028, China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Qian Feng
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Wei Ge
- Department of Neurology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221600, China.
| | - Xingshun Xu
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China.
- Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China.
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20
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Brock J, Basu N, Schlachetzki JCM, Schett G, McInnes IB, Cavanagh J. Immune mechanisms of depression in rheumatoid arthritis. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2023; 19:790-804. [PMID: 37923863 DOI: 10.1038/s41584-023-01037-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
Depression is a common and disabling comorbidity in rheumatoid arthritis that not only decreases the likelihood of remission and treatment adherence but also increases the risk of disability and mortality in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Compelling data that link immune mechanisms to major depressive disorder indicate possible common mechanisms that drive the pathology of the two conditions. Preclinical evidence suggests that pro-inflammatory cytokines, which are prevalent in rheumatoid arthritis, have various effects on monoaminergic neurotransmission, neurotrophic factors and measures of synaptic plasticity. Neuroimaging studies provide insight into the consequences of inflammation on the brain (for example, on neural connectivity), and clinical trial data highlight the beneficial effects of immune modulation on comorbid depression. Major depressive disorder occurs more frequently in patients with rheumatoid arthritis than in the general population, and major depressive disorder also increases the risk of a future diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis, further highlighting the link between rheumatoid arthritis and major depressive disorder. This Review focuses on interactions between peripheral and central immunobiological mechanisms in the context of both rheumatoid arthritis and major depressive disorder. Understanding these mechanisms will provide a basis for future therapeutic development, not least in depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Brock
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Neil Basu
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | | | - Georg Schett
- Department of Internal Medicine 3-Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Iain B McInnes
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Jonathan Cavanagh
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
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21
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Belge JB, van Eijndhoven P, Mulders PCR. Mechanism of Action of ECT in Depression. Curr Top Behav Neurosci 2023. [PMID: 37962811 DOI: 10.1007/7854_2023_450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) remains the most potent antidepressant treatment available for patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). ECT is highly effective, achieving a response rate of 70-80% and a remission rate of 50-60% even in treatment-resistant patients. The underlying mechanisms of ECT are not fully understood, although several hypotheses have been proposed, including the monoamine hypothesis, anticonvulsive hypothesis, neuroplastic effects, and immunomodulatory properties. In this paper, we provide an overview of magnetic resonance imaging evidence that addresses the neuroplastic changes that occur after ECT at the human systems level and elaborate further on ECTs potent immunomodulatory properties. Despite a growing body of evidence that suggests ECT may normalize many of the structural and functional changes in the brain associated with severe depression, there is a lack of convergence between neurobiological changes and the robust clinical effects observed in depression. This may be due to sample sizes used in ECT studies being generally small and differences in data processing and analysis pipelines. Collaborations that acquire large datasets, such as the GEMRIC consortium, can help translate ECT's clinical efficacy into a better understanding of its mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Baptiste Belge
- Department of Psychiatry, Collaborative Antwerp Psychiatric Research Institute (CAPRI), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium.
- Department of Psychiatry, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Philip van Eijndhoven
- Department of Psychiatry, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Centre for Medical Neuroscience, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter C R Mulders
- Department of Psychiatry, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Centre for Medical Neuroscience, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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22
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Vecera CM, C. Courtes A, Jones G, Soares JC, Machado-Vieira R. Pharmacotherapies Targeting GABA-Glutamate Neurotransmission for Treatment-Resistant Depression. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1572. [PMID: 38004437 PMCID: PMC10675154 DOI: 10.3390/ph16111572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) is a term used to describe a particular type of major depressive disorder (MDD). There is no consensus about what defines TRD, with various studies describing between 1 and 4 failures of antidepressant therapies, with or without electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). That is why TRD is such a growing concern among clinicians and researchers, and it explains the necessity for investigating novel therapeutic targets beyond conventional monoamine pathways. An imbalance between two primary central nervous system (CNS) neurotransmitters, L-glutamate and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), has emerged as having a key role in the pathophysiology of TRD. In this review, we provide an evaluation and comprehensive review of investigational antidepressants targeting these two systems, accessing their levels of available evidence, mechanisms of action, and safety profiles. N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonism has shown the most promise amongst the glutamatergic targets, with ketamine and esketamine (Spravato) robustly generating responses across trials. Two specific NMDA-glycine site modulators, D-cycloserine (DCS) and apimostinel, have also generated promising initial safety and efficacy profiles, warranting further investigation. Combination dextromethorphan-bupropion (AXS-05/Auvelity) displays a unique mechanism of action and demonstrated positive results in particular applicability in subpopulations with cognitive dysfunction. Currently, the most promising GABA modulators appear to be synthetic neurosteroid analogs with positive GABAA receptor modulation (such as brexanolone). Overall, advances in the last decade provide exciting perspectives for those who do not improve with conventional therapies. Of the compounds reviewed here, three are approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA): esketamine (Spravato) for TRD, Auvelity (dextromethorphan-bupropion) for major depressive disorder (MDD), and brexanolone (Zulresso) for post-partum depression (PPD). Notably, some concerns have arisen with esketamine and brexanolone, which will be detailed in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney M. Vecera
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA
| | - Alan C. Courtes
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA
| | - Gregory Jones
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA
| | - Jair C. Soares
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA
| | - Rodrigo Machado-Vieira
- John S. Dunn Behavioral Sciences Center at UTHealth Houston, 5615 H.Mark Crosswell Jr St, Houston, TX 77021, USA
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23
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Zhang X, Cheng B, Yang X, Suo X, Pan N, Chen T, Wang S, Gong Q. Emotional intelligence mediates the protective role of the orbitofrontal cortex spontaneous activity measured by fALFF against depressive and anxious symptoms in late adolescence. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2023; 32:1957-1967. [PMID: 35737106 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-022-02020-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
As a stable personality construct, trait emotional intelligence (TEI) refers to a battery of perceived emotion-related skills that make individuals behave effectively to adapt to the environment and maintain well-being. Abundant evidence has consistently shown that TEI is important for the outcomes of many mental health issues, particularly depression and anxiety. However, the neural substrates involved in TEI and the underlying neurobehavioral mechanism of how TEI reduces depression and anxiety symptoms remain largely unknown. Herein, resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging and a group of behavioral measures were applied to examine these questions among a large sample comprising 231 general adolescent students aged 16-20 years (52% female). Whole-brain correlation analysis and prediction analysis demonstrated that TEI was negatively linked with spontaneous activity (measured with the fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations) in the bilateral medial orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), a critical site implicated in emotion-related processes. Furthermore, structural equation modeling analysis found that TEI mediated the link of OFC spontaneous activity to depressive and anxious symptoms. Collectively, the current findings present new evidence for the neurofunctional bases of TEI and suggest a potential "brain-personality-symptom" pathway for alleviating depressive and anxious symptoms among students in late adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Zhang
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
- Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bochao Cheng
- Department of Radiology, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xun Yang
- School of Public Affairs, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xueling Suo
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
- Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Nanfang Pan
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
- Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Taolin Chen
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
- Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Song Wang
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
- Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China.
- Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Qiyong Gong
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
- Department of Radiology, West China Xiamen Hospital of Sichuan University, Xiamen, China.
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24
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Kelsall NC, Wang Y, Gameroff MJ, Cha J, Posner J, Talati A, Weissman MM, van Dijk MT. Differences in White Matter Structural Networks in Family Risk of Major Depressive Disorder and Suicidality: A Connectome Analysis. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.09.07.23295211. [PMID: 37732277 PMCID: PMC10508803 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.07.23295211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Background Depression and suicide are leading global causes of disability and death and are highly familial. Family and individual history of depression are associated with neurobiological differences including decreased white matter connectivity; however, this has only been shown for individual regions. We use graph theory models to account for the network structure of the brain with high levels of specialization and integration and examine whether they differ by family history of depression or of suicidality within a three-generation longitudinal family study with well-characterized clinical histories. Methods Clinician interviews across three generations were used to classify family risk of depression and suicidality. Then, we created weighted network models using 108 cortical and subcortical regions of interest for 96 individuals using diffusion tensor imaging derived fiber tracts. Global and local summary measures (clustering coefficient, characteristic path length, and global and local efficiencies) and network-based statistics were utilized for group comparison of family history of depression and, separately, of suicidality, adjusted for personal psychopathology. Results Clustering coefficient (connectivity between neighboring regions) was lower in individuals at high family risk of depression and was associated with concurrent clinical symptoms. Network-based statistics showed hypoconnected subnetworks in individuals with high family risk of depression and of suicidality, after controlling for personal psychopathology. These subnetworks highlighted cortical-subcortical connections including between the superior frontal cortex, thalamus, precuneus, and putamen. Conclusions Family history of depression and of suicidality are associated with hypoconnectivity between subcortical and cortical regions, suggesting brain-wide impaired information processing, even in those personally unaffected.
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25
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Mattoni M, Hopman HJ, Dadematthews A, Chan SSM, Olino TM. Specificity of associations between parental psychopathology and offspring brain structure. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2023; 334:111684. [PMID: 37499380 PMCID: PMC10530479 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2023.111684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Multiple forms of parental psychopathology have been associated with differences in subcortical brain volume. However, few studies have considered the role of comorbidity. Here, we examine if alterations in child subcortical brain structure are specific to parental depression, anxiety, mania, or alcohol/substance use parental psychopathology, common across these disorders, or altered by a history of multiple disorders. We examined 6581 children aged 9 to 10 years old from the ABCD study with no history of mental disorders. We found several significant interactions such that the effects of a parental history of depression, anxiety, and substance use problems on amygdala and striatal volumes were moderated by comorbid parental history of another disorder. Interactions tended to suggest smaller volumes in the presence of a comorbid disorder. However, effect sizes were small, and no associations remained significant after correcting for multiple comparisons. Results suggest that associations between familial risk for psychopathology and offspring brain structure in 9-10-year-olds are modest, and relationships that do exist tend to implicate the amygdala and striatal regions and are moderated by a comorbid parental psychopathology history. Several methodological factors, including controlling for intracranial volume and other forms of parental psychopathology and excluding child psychopathology, likely contribute to inconsistencies in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Mattoni
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Helene J Hopman
- Department of Psychiatry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR China
| | | | - Sandra S M Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Thomas M Olino
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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26
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Bashford-Largo J, R Blair RJ, Blair KS, Dobbertin M, Dominguez A, Hatch M, Bajaj S. Identification of structural brain alterations in adolescents with depressive symptomatology. Brain Res Bull 2023; 201:110723. [PMID: 37536609 PMCID: PMC10451038 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2023.110723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Depressive symptoms can emerge as early as childhood and may lead to adverse situations in adulthood. Studies have examined structural brain alternations in individuals with depressive symptoms, but findings remain inconclusive. Furthermore, previous studies have focused on adults or used a categorical approach to assess depression. The current study looks to identify grey matter volumes (GMV) that predict depressive symptomatology across a clinically concerning sample of adolescents. METHODS Structural MRI data were collected from 338 clinically concerning adolescents (mean age = 15.30 SD=2.07; mean IQ = 101.01 SD=12.43; 132 F). Depression symptoms were indexed via the Mood and Feelings Questionnaire (MFQ). Freesurfer was used to parcellate the brain into 68 cortical regions and 14 subcortical regions. GMV was extracted from all 82 brain areas. Multiple linear regression was used to look at the relationship between MFQ scores and region-specific GMV parameter. Follow up regressions were conducted to look at potential effects of psychiatric diagnoses and medication intake. RESULTS Our regression analysis produced a significant model (R2 = 0.446, F(86, 251) = 2.348, p < 0.001). Specifically, there was a negative association between GMV of the left parahippocampal (B = -0.203, p = 0.005), right rostral anterior cingulate (B = -0.162, p = 0.049), and right frontal pole (B = -0.147, p = 0.039) and a positive association between GMV of the left bank of the superior temporal sulcus (B = 0.173, p = 0.029). Follow up analyses produced results proximal to the main analysis. CONCLUSIONS Altered regional brain volumes may serve as biomarkers for the development of depressive symptoms during adolescence. These findings suggest a homogeneity of altered cortical structures in adolescents with depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannah Bashford-Largo
- Multimodal Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory (MCNL), Center for Neurobehavioral Research, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE, USA; Center for Brain, Biology, and Behavior, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA.
| | - R James R Blair
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Centre, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Karina S Blair
- Multimodal Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory (MCNL), Center for Neurobehavioral Research, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE, USA
| | - Matthew Dobbertin
- Multimodal Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory (MCNL), Center for Neurobehavioral Research, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE, USA; Child and Adolescent Inpatient Psychiatric Unit, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE, USA
| | - Ahria Dominguez
- Multimodal Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory (MCNL), Center for Neurobehavioral Research, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE, USA
| | - Melissa Hatch
- Multimodal Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory (MCNL), Center for Neurobehavioral Research, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE, USA
| | - Sahil Bajaj
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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27
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Kaneko T, Nakamura T, Ryokawa A, Washizuka S, Kitoh Y, Fujinaga Y. Connective differences between patients with depression with and without ASD: A case-control study. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0289735. [PMID: 37582068 PMCID: PMC10427005 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0289735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Researchers find it difficult to distinguish between depression with ASD (Depress-wASD) and without ASD (Depression) in adult patients. We aimed to clarify the differences in brain connectivity between patients with depression with ASD and without ASD. METHODS From April 2017 to February 2019, 22 patients with suspected depression were admitted to the hospital for diagnosis or follow-up and met the inclusion criteria. The diagnosis was determined according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5 by skilled psychiatrists. The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D), Young Mania Raging Scale (YMRS), Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview, Parent-interview ASD Rating Scale-Text Revision (PARS-TR), and Autism-Spectrum Quotient-Japanese version (AQ-J) were used to assess the patients' background and help with diagnosis. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) was performed using the 3-T-MRI system. rs-fMRI was processed using the CONN functional connectivity toolbox. Voxel-based morphometry was performed using structural images. RESULTS No significant difference was observed between the Depress-wASD and Depression groups using the HAM-D, YMRS, AQ-J, Intelligence Quotient (IQ), and verbal IQ results. rs-fMRI for the Depress-wASD group indicated a positive connection between the salience network (SN) and right supramarginal gyrus (SMG) and a negative connection between the SN and hippocampus and para-hippocampus than that for the Depression group. No significant structural differences were observed between the groups. CONCLUSIONS We identified differences in the SN involving the SMG and hippocampal regions between the Depress-wASD and Depression groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoki Kaneko
- Department of Radiology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Nagano, Japan
| | - Toshinori Nakamura
- Department of Psychology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Nagano, Japan
| | - Akiko Ryokawa
- Department of Psychology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Nagano, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Washizuka
- Department of Psychology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Nagano, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kitoh
- Department of Radiology, Shinshu University Hospital, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Yasunari Fujinaga
- Department of Radiology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Nagano, Japan
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28
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Wu Y, Zhao K, Chen Y, Wu L, Qiu F, Yuan Y, Shen G, Wang K, Kang Y, Jiang Y, Wang W, Chen L, Liu Y, Pan X, Wang F, Xie L. The interaction between the major vault protein rs4788186 polymorphism, alcohol dependence, and depression among male Chinese problem drinkers. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1111712. [PMID: 37547216 PMCID: PMC10402753 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1111712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is the second most prevalent mental disorder and might be related to depression. Major vault protein (MVP) is a cytoplasmic protein related to vesicle transport. The present study aimed to investigate the interaction between a genetic variant (MVP rs4788186) and depression in adult male Han Chinese with AUD during withdrawal. Methods All participants (N = 435) were diagnosed with AUD. Alcohol dependence level was measured using the Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test, and depression was measured using the self-rating depression scale. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood and genotyped. Results Hierarchical regression analysis identified an interaction between MVP rs4788186 and alcohol dependence level for depression (β = -0.17, p < 0.05). Then, a region of significance test was performed to interpret the interaction effect. Re-parameterized regression models revealed that the interaction between MVP rs4788186 and alcohol problem severity fit the strong differential susceptibility model (R2 = 0.08, p < 0.001), suggesting that the AA homozygotes would be more likely subjects with the G allele to experience major depression symptoms. Conclusion Carriers of the AA homozygote of MVP rs4788186 may be more susceptible to severe alcohol problems and higher levels of depression during withdrawal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyu Wu
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Affiliated Wenzhou Kangning Hospital, Wenzhou, China
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ke Zhao
- Lishui Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, China
| | - Yingjie Chen
- Cixi Biomedical Research Institute, Wenzhou Medical University, Ningbo, China
| | - Liujun Wu
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Affiliated Wenzhou Kangning Hospital, Wenzhou, China
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Cixi Biomedical Research Institute, Wenzhou Medical University, Ningbo, China
- Applied Psychology (Ningbo) Research Center, Wenzhou Medical University, Ningbo, China
| | - Feng Qiu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yuying Yuan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Guanghui Shen
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Affiliated Wenzhou Kangning Hospital, Wenzhou, China
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Kexin Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Affiliated Wenzhou Kangning Hospital, Wenzhou, China
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yimin Kang
- Key Laboratory of Psychosomatic Medicine, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Huhhot, China
| | - Yongsheng Jiang
- The Affiliated Xiangshan Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Ningbo, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Affiliated Wenzhou Kangning Hospital, Wenzhou, China
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Li Chen
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Affiliated Wenzhou Kangning Hospital, Wenzhou, China
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yanlong Liu
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Affiliated Wenzhou Kangning Hospital, Wenzhou, China
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xuebo Pan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Fan Wang
- Beijing Hui-Long-Guan Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Longteng Xie
- The Affiliated Xiangshan Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Ningbo, China
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Zhang S, She S, Qiu Y, Li Z, Wu X, Hu H, Zheng W, Huang R, Wu H. Multi-modal MRI measures reveal sensory abnormalities in major depressive disorder patients: A surface-based study. Neuroimage Clin 2023; 39:103468. [PMID: 37473494 PMCID: PMC10372163 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2023.103468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multi-modal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measures are supposed to be able to capture different brain neurobiological aspects of major depressive disorder (MDD). A fusion analysis of structural and functional modalities may better reveal the disease biomarker specific to the MDD disease. METHODS We recruited 30 MDD patients and 30 matched healthy controls (HC). For each subject, we acquired high-resolution brain structural images and resting-state fMRI (rs-fMRI) data using a 3 T MRI scanner. We first extracted the brain morphometric measures, including the cortical volume (CV), cortical thickness (CT), and surface area (SA), for each subject from the structural images, and then detected the structural clusters showing significant between-group differences in each measure using the surface-based morphology (SBM) analysis. By taking the identified structural clusters as seeds, we performed seed-based functional connectivity (FC) analyses to determine the regions with abnormal FC in the patients. Based on a logistic regression model, we performed a classification analysis by selecting these structural and functional cluster-wise measures as features to distinguish the MDD patients from the HC. RESULTS The MDD patients showed significantly lower CV in a cluster involving the right superior temporal gyrus (STG) and middle temporal gyrus (MTG), and lower SA in three clusters involving the bilateral STG, temporal pole gyrus, and entorhinal cortex, and the left inferior temporal gyrus, and fusiform gyrus, than the controls. No significant difference in CT was detected between the two groups. By taking the above-detected clusters as seeds to perform the seed-based FC analysis, we found that the MDD patients showed significantly lower FC between STG/MTG (CV's cluster) and two clusters located in the bilateral visual cortices than the controls. The logistic regression model based on the structural and functional features reached a classification accuracy of 86.7% (p < 0.001) between MDD and controls. CONCLUSION The present study showed sensory abnormalities in MDD patients using the multi-modal MRI analysis. This finding may act as a disease biomarker distinguishing MDD patients from healthy individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shufei Zhang
- School of Psychology, Center for the Study of Applied Psychology, Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science of Guangdong Province, Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Shenglin She
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510370, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Mental Disorders, Guangzhou 510370, China
| | - Yidan Qiu
- School of Psychology, Center for the Study of Applied Psychology, Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science of Guangdong Province, Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Zezhi Li
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510370, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Mental Disorders, Guangzhou 510370, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wu
- School of Psychology, Center for the Study of Applied Psychology, Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science of Guangdong Province, Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Huiqing Hu
- School of Psychology, Center for the Study of Applied Psychology, Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science of Guangdong Province, Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Wei Zheng
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510370, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Mental Disorders, Guangzhou 510370, China
| | - Ruiwang Huang
- School of Psychology, Center for the Study of Applied Psychology, Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science of Guangdong Province, Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China.
| | - Huawang Wu
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510370, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Mental Disorders, Guangzhou 510370, China.
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Sobolewska-Nowak J, Wachowska K, Nowak A, Orzechowska A, Szulc A, Płaza O, Gałecki P. Exploring the Heart-Mind Connection: Unraveling the Shared Pathways between Depression and Cardiovascular Diseases. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1903. [PMID: 37509542 PMCID: PMC10377477 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11071903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Civilization diseases are defined as non-communicable diseases that affect a large part of the population. Examples of such diseases are depression and cardiovascular disease. Importantly, the World Health Organization warns against an increase in both of these. This narrative review aims to summarize the available information on measurable risk factors for CVD and depression based on the existing literature. The paper reviews the epidemiology and main risk factors for the coexistence of depression and cardiovascular disease. The authors emphasize that there is evidence of a link between depression and cardiovascular disease. Here, we highlight common risk factors for depression and cardiovascular disease, including obesity, diabetes, and physical inactivity, as well as the importance of the prevention and treatment of CVD in preventing depression and other mental disorders. Conversely, effective treatment of CVD can also help prevent depression and improve mental health outcomes. It seems advisable to introduce screening tests for depression in patients treated for cardiac reasons. Importantly, in patients treated for mood disorders, it is worth controlling CVD risk factors, for example, by checking blood pressure and pulse during routine visits. It is also worth paying attention to the mental condition of patients with CVD. This study underlines the importance of interdisciplinary co-operation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Katarzyna Wachowska
- Department of Adult Psychiatry, Medical Univeristy of Lodz, 90-419 Lodz, Poland
| | - Artur Nowak
- Department of Immunopathology, Medical Univeristy of Lodz, 90-419 Lodz, Poland
| | - Agata Orzechowska
- Department of Adult Psychiatry, Medical Univeristy of Lodz, 90-419 Lodz, Poland
| | - Agata Szulc
- Psychiatric Clinic of the Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Olga Płaza
- Psychiatric Clinic of the Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Gałecki
- Department of Adult Psychiatry, Medical Univeristy of Lodz, 90-419 Lodz, Poland
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Corrigan M, O'Rourke A, Moran B, Fletcher J, Harkin A. Inflammation in the pathogenesis of depression: a disorder of neuroimmune origin. Neuronal Signal 2023; 7:NS20220054. [PMID: 37457896 PMCID: PMC10345431 DOI: 10.1042/ns20220054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
There are several hypotheses concerning the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms of major depression, which centre largely around adaptive changes in neuronal transmission and plasticity, neurogenesis, and circuit and regional connectivity. The immune and endocrine systems are commonly implicated in driving these changes. An intricate interaction of stress hormones, innate immune cells and the actions of soluble mediators of immunity within the nervous system is described as being associated with the symptoms of depression. Bridging endocrine and immune processes to neurotransmission and signalling within key cortical and limbic brain circuits are critical to understanding depression as a disorder of neuroimmune origins. Emergent areas of research include a growing recognition of the adaptive immune system, advances in neuroimaging techniques and mechanistic insights gained from transgenic animals. Elucidation of glial-neuronal interactions is providing additional avenues into promising areas of research, the development of clinically relevant disease models and the discovery of novel therapies. This narrative review focuses on molecular and cellular mechanisms that are influenced by inflammation and stress. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of our current understanding of depression as a disorder of neuroimmune origin, focusing on neuroendocrine and neuroimmune dysregulation in depression pathophysiology. Advances in current understanding lie in pursuit of relevant biomarkers, as the potential of biomarker signatures to improve clinical outcomes is yet to be fully realised. Further investigations to expand biomarker panels including integration with neuroimaging, utilising individual symptoms to stratify patients into more homogenous subpopulations and targeting the immune system for new treatment approaches will help to address current unmet clinical need.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myles Corrigan
- Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
- Transpharmation Ireland, Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Aoife M. O'Rourke
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biosciences Institute, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Barry Moran
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biosciences Institute, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jean M. Fletcher
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biosciences Institute, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Andrew Harkin
- Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
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Canjels LPW, Alers RJ, van de Ven V, Hurks PPM, Gerretsen SC, Brandt Y, Kooi ME, Jansen JFA, Backes WH, Ghossein-Doha C, Spaanderman MEA. Cerebral volume is unaffected after pre-eclampsia. ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY 2023; 62:115-121. [PMID: 36730173 DOI: 10.1002/uog.26172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Pre-eclampsia has been associated with cardiovascular, cerebrovascular and/or psychological complaints. Signs of altered brain morphology and more white-matter hyperintensities (WMHs) during and shortly after pre-eclampsia have been observed in some, but not all, studies. We compared volumes of cerebral structures and the number of WMHs between formerly pre-eclamptic women and those with normotensive gestational history and assessed the effect of age on brain volumes. METHODS Structural 7-Tesla magnetic resonance imaging of the brain was performed in 59 formerly pre-eclamptic women (aged 37 ± 6 years, 0.5-16 years postpartum) and 20 women with a history of normotensive pregnancy (aged 39 ± 5 years, 1-18 years postpartum). Fazekas scores were obtained to assess WMH load. Volumes of the whole brain, gray and white matter, brain lobes, and ventricular and pericortical cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) spaces were calculated after semiautomatic segmentation. Group differences were analyzed using ANCOVA and Bayes factors. Results were adjusted for age, educational attainment, presence of current hypertension and total intracranial volume. The effect of age on cerebral volumes was analyzed using linear regression analysis. RESULTS No changes in global and local brain volumes were observed between formerly pre-eclamptic and control women. Also, no difference in WMH load was observed. Independent of pre-eclamptic history, gray-matter volume significantly decreased with age, while ventricular and pericortical CSF space volumes significantly increased with age. CONCLUSIONS Volumetric changes of the cerebrum are age-related but are independent of pre-eclamptic history in the first two decades after childbirth. No evidence of greater WMH load after pre-eclampsia was found. © 2023 The Authors. Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- L P W Canjels
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- School for Oncology and Developmental Biology (GROW), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - R J Alers
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- School for Oncology and Developmental Biology (GROW), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - V van de Ven
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - P P M Hurks
- Department of Neuropsychology and Psychopharmacology, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - S C Gerretsen
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Y Brandt
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- School for Cardiovascular Diseases (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - M E Kooi
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- School for Cardiovascular Diseases (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - J F A Jansen
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNS), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - W H Backes
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- School for Cardiovascular Diseases (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNS), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - C Ghossein-Doha
- School for Oncology and Developmental Biology (GROW), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- School for Cardiovascular Diseases (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Cardiology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - M E A Spaanderman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- School for Oncology and Developmental Biology (GROW), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Bansal R, Hellerstein DJ, Sawardekar S, Chen Y, Peterson BS. A randomized controlled trial of desvenlafaxine-induced structural brain changes in the treatment of persistent depressive disorder. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2023; 331:111634. [PMID: 36996664 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2023.111634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
The anatomical changes that antidepressant medications induce in the brain and through which they exert their therapeutic effects remain largely unknown. We randomized 61 patients with Persistent Depressive Disorder (PDD) to receive either desvenlafaxine or placebo in a 12-week trial and acquired anatomical MRI scans in 42 of those patients at baseline before randomization and immediately at the end of the trial. We also acquired MRIs once in 39 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. We assessed whether the serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, desvenlafaxine, differentially changed cortical thickness during the trial compared with placebo. Patients relative to controls at baseline had thinner cortices across the brain. Although baseline thickness was not associated with symptom severity, thicker baseline cortices predicted greater reduction in symptom severity in those treated with desvenlafaxine but not placebo. We did not detect significant treatment-by-time effects on cortical thickness. These findings suggest that baseline thickness may serve as predictive biomarkers for treatment response to desvenlafaxine. The absence of treatment-by-time effects may be attributable either to use of insufficient desvenlafaxine dosing, a lack of desvenlafaxine efficacy in treating PDD, or the short trial duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Bansal
- Institute for the Developing Mind, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine at the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
| | - David J Hellerstein
- Depression Evaluation Service, Division of Clinical Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA; New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Siddhant Sawardekar
- Institute for the Developing Mind, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA
| | - Ying Chen
- Depression Evaluation Service, Division of Clinical Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA; New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Bradley S Peterson
- Institute for the Developing Mind, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Keck School of Medicine at the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA 90033, USA
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Afridi R, Suk K. Microglial Responses to Stress-Induced Depression: Causes and Consequences. Cells 2023; 12:1521. [PMID: 37296642 PMCID: PMC10252665 DOI: 10.3390/cells12111521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic stress is a major risk factor for various psychiatric diseases, including depression; it triggers various cellular and structural changes, resulting in the alteration of neurocircuitry and subsequent development of depression. Accumulating evidence suggests that microglial cells orchestrate stress-induced depression. Preclinical studies of stress-induced depression revealed microglial inflammatory activation in regions of the brain that regulate mood. Although studies have identified several molecules that trigger inflammatory responses in microglia, the pathways that regulate stress-induced microglial activation remain unclear. Understanding the exact triggers that induce microglial inflammatory activation can help find therapeutic targets in order to treat depression. In the current review, we summarize the recent literature on possible sources of microglial inflammatory activation in animal models of chronic stress-induced depression. In addition, we describe how microglial inflammatory signaling affects neuronal health and causes depressive-like behavior in animal models. Finally, we propose ways to target the microglial inflammatory cascade to treat depressive disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruqayya Afridi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
- Brain Korea 21 four KNU Convergence Educational Program of Biomedical Sciences for Creative Future Talents, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41940, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoungho Suk
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
- Brain Korea 21 four KNU Convergence Educational Program of Biomedical Sciences for Creative Future Talents, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41940, Republic of Korea
- Brain Science and Engineering Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
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Zhang H, Sun H, Li J, Fan Y, Jülich ST, Lei X. Subtypes of insomnia revealed by the heterogeneity of neuroanatomical patterns: a structural MRI study. Biol Psychol 2023; 180:108591. [PMID: 37230291 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2023.108591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The current conflicting neuroimaging findings of insomnia disorder (ID) may be attributed to heterogeneity in ID. The present study aims to clarify the high heterogeneity in ID and examine the objective neurobiological subtypes of ID by using a novel machine learning method based on gray matter volumes (GMVs). We recruited 56 patients with ID and 73 healthy controls (HCs). The T1-weighted anatomical images were obtained for each participant. We investigated whether the ID has higher interindividual heterogeneity in GMVs. Then, we used a heterogeneous machine learning algorithm by discriminative analysis (HYDRA) to identify subtypes of ID with features of brain regional GMVs. We found that patients with ID have higher interindividual variability than HCs. HYDRA identified two distinct and reliable neuroanatomical subtypes of ID. Two subtypes showed significantly different aberrance in GMVs compared with HCs. Specifically, subtype 1 exhibited widespread decreased GMVs in some brain regions, including the right inferior temporal gyrus, left superior temporal gyrus, left precuneus, right middle cingulate, and right supplementary motor area. Subtype 2 only demonstrated increased GMVs in the right superior temporal gyrus. Additionally, the GMVs of altered brain regions in subtype 1 were significantly correlated with daytime functioning, but in subtype 2, they were significantly correlated with sleep disturbance. These results explain conflicting neuroimaging findings and propose a potential objective neurobiological classification contributing to ID's precise clinical diagnosis and treatment. DATA AND CODE AVAILABILITY: The source and means of obtaining the data used in the study have been described fully in the Methods and Materials section. The codes and data in this study are available upon a reasonable request to the corresponding author.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haobo Zhang
- Sleep and NeuroImaging Center, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Haonan Sun
- Sleep and NeuroImaging Center, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Jiaqi Li
- Sleep and NeuroImaging Center, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Yuhan Fan
- Sleep and NeuroImaging Center, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Simon Theodor Jülich
- Sleep and NeuroImaging Center, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Xu Lei
- Sleep and NeuroImaging Center, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, 400715, China.
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Förster K, Grotegerd D, Dohm K, Lemke H, Enneking V, Meinert S, Redlich R, Heindel W, Bauer J, Kugel H, Suslow T, Ohrmann P, Carballedo A, O'Keane V, Fagan A, Doolin K, McCarthy H, Kanske P, Frodl T, Dannlowski U. Association of hospitalization with structural brain alterations in patients with affective disorders over nine years. Transl Psychiatry 2023; 13:170. [PMID: 37202406 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-023-02452-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Repeated hospitalizations are a characteristic of severe disease courses in patients with affective disorders (PAD). To elucidate how a hospitalization during a nine-year follow-up in PAD affects brain structure, a longitudinal case-control study (mean [SD] follow-up period 8.98 [2.20] years) was conducted using structural neuroimaging. We investigated PAD (N = 38) and healthy controls (N = 37) at two sites (University of Münster, Germany, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland). PAD were divided into two groups based on the experience of in-patient psychiatric treatment during follow-up. Since the Dublin-patients were outpatients at baseline, the re-hospitalization analysis was limited to the Münster site (N = 52). Voxel-based morphometry was employed to examine hippocampus, insula, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and whole-brain gray matter in two models: (1) group (patients/controls)×time (baseline/follow-up) interaction; (2) group (hospitalized patients/not-hospitalized patients/controls)×time interaction. Patients lost significantly more whole-brain gray matter volume of superior temporal gyrus and temporal pole compared to HC (pFWE = 0.008). Patients hospitalized during follow-up lost significantly more insular volume than healthy controls (pFWE = 0.025) and more volume in their hippocampus compared to not-hospitalized patients (pFWE = 0.023), while patients without re-hospitalization did not differ from controls. These effects of hospitalization remained stable in a smaller sample excluding patients with bipolar disorder. PAD show gray matter volume decline in temporo-limbic regions over nine years. A hospitalization during follow-up comes with intensified gray matter volume decline in the insula and hippocampus. Since hospitalizations are a correlate of severity, this finding corroborates and extends the hypothesis that a severe course of disease has detrimental long-term effects on temporo-limbic brain structure in PAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Förster
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
- Clinical Psychology and Behavioral Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Dominik Grotegerd
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Katharina Dohm
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Hannah Lemke
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Verena Enneking
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Susanne Meinert
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
- Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Ronny Redlich
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
- Department of Psychology, University of Halle, Halle, Germany
| | - Walter Heindel
- Department of Radiology, University of Münster and University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Jochen Bauer
- Department of Radiology, University of Münster and University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Harald Kugel
- Department of Radiology, University of Münster and University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Thomas Suslow
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Angela Carballedo
- Department of Psychiatry & Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Veronica O'Keane
- Department of Psychiatry & Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Andrew Fagan
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Kelly Doolin
- Department of Psychiatry & Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Hazel McCarthy
- Department of Psychiatry & Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Philipp Kanske
- Clinical Psychology and Behavioral Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Thomas Frodl
- Department of Psychiatry & Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, University Hospital Aachen, RWTH University Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Udo Dannlowski
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
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Mi W, Di X, Wang Y, Li H, Xu X, Li L, Wang H, Wang G, Zhang K, Tian F, Luo J, Yang C, Zhou Y, Xie S, Zhong H, Wu B, Yang D, Chen Z, Li Y, Chen J, Lv S, Yi Q, Jiang Z, Tian J, Zhang H. A phase 3, multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial to verify the efficacy and safety of ansofaxine (LY03005) for major depressive disorder. Transl Psychiatry 2023; 13:163. [PMID: 37164957 PMCID: PMC10171157 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-023-02435-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is the most prevalent form of depression and is becoming a great challenge for public health and medical practice. Although first-line antidepressants offer therapeutic benefits, about 35% of depressed patients are not adequately treated, creating a substantial unmet medical need. A multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled phase 3 clinical trial was conducted in patients with MDD in China to assess the efficacy and safety of ansofaxine (LY03005), a potential triple reuptake inhibitor of serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine. Eligible 588 MDD patients were included and randomly assigned (1:1:1) to 8-week treatment with ansofaxine 80 mg/day(n = 187), ansofaxine 160 mg/day(n = 186), or placebo(n = 185). The primary efficacy endpoint was the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) total score change from baseline to the end of the study. Safety indexes included adverse events, vital signs, physical examination, laboratory tests, 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG), and evaluation of suicide tendency and sexual function. Significant differences were found in mean changes in MADRS total score at week 8 in the two ansofaxine groups (80 mg, -20.0; 160 mg, -19.9) vs. placebo (-14.6; p < 0.0001). All doses of ansofaxine were generally well-tolerated. Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) were reported by 137 (74.46%) patients in ansofaxine 80 mg group, 144 (78.26%) patients in ansofaxine 160 mg and 125 (67.93%) patients in the placebo group. The incidence of treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) was 59.2% (109 patients), 65.22% (120 patients) in the 80, 160 mg ansofaxine groups, and 45.11% (83 patients) in the placebo group. The initial results of this trial indicate that ansofaxine at both the 80 mg/day and 160 mg/day was effective and safe in adult patients with MDD. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04853407.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weifeng Mi
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing, China
| | - Xiaolan Di
- Beijing Huilongguan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yiming Wang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Huafang Li
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiufeng Xu
- First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Lehua Li
- Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Huaning Wang
- First Affiliated Hospital of the Fourth Military Medical University of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Xi'an, China
| | | | - Kerang Zhang
- First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Feng Tian
- Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jiong Luo
- Beijing Anding Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chanjuan Yang
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | | | - Hua Zhong
- Huzhou Third Municipal Hospital, Huzhou, China
| | - Bin Wu
- Xi 'an Mental Health Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Dong Yang
- Hunan Brain Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Zhenhua Chen
- Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi Li
- Wuhan Mental Health Center, Wuhan, China
| | | | - Shuyun Lv
- The Fourth People Hospital of Urumqi, Urumqi, China
| | - Qizhong Yi
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Zhiwei Jiang
- Beijing KeyTech Statistical Technology Co., Ltd, Beijing, China
| | | | - Hongyan Zhang
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing, China.
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Watts R, Rader L, Grant J, Filippi CG. Genetic and Environmental Contributions to Subcortical Gray Matter Microstructure and Volume in the Developing Brain. Behav Genet 2023; 53:208-218. [PMID: 37129746 PMCID: PMC10154259 DOI: 10.1007/s10519-023-10142-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Using baseline (ages 9-10) and two-year follow-up (ages 11-12) data from monozygotic and dizygotic twins enrolled in the longitudinal Adolescent Brain Cognitive DevelopmentSM Study, we investigated the genetic and environmental contributions to microstructure and volume of nine subcortical gray matter regions. Microstructure was assessed using diffusion MRI data analyzed using restriction spectrum imaging (RSI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) models. The highest heritability estimates (estimate [95% confidence interval]) for microstructure were found using the RSI model in the pallidum (baseline: 0.859 [0.818, 0.889], follow-up: 0.835 [0.787, 0.871]), putamen (baseline: 0.859 [0.819, 0.889], follow-up: 0.874 [0.838, 0.902]), and thalamus (baseline: 0.855 [0.814, 0.887], follow-up: 0.819 [0.769, 0.857]). For volumes the corresponding regions were the caudate (baseline: 0.831 [0.688, 0.992], follow-up: 0.848 [0.701, 1.011]) and putamen (baseline: 0.906 [0.875, 0.914], follow-up: 0.906 [0.885, 0.923]). The subcortical regions displayed high genetic stability (rA = 0.743-1.000) across time and exhibited unique environmental correlations (rE = 0.194-0.610). Individual differences in both gray matter microstructure and volumes can be largely explained by additive genetic effects in this sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Watts
- Department of Psychology, Yale University, 2 Hillhouse Avenue, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
| | - Lydia Rader
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Justin Grant
- Department of Radiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
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Linli Z, Rolls ET, Zhao W, Kang J, Feng J, Guo S. Smoking is associated with lower brain volume and cognitive differences: A large population analysis based on the UK Biobank. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2023; 123:110698. [PMID: 36528239 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2022.110698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The evidence about the association of smoking with both brain structure and cognitive functions remains inconsistent. Using structural magnetic resonance imaging from the UK Biobank (n = 33,293), we examined the relationships between smoking status, dosage, and abstinence with total and 166 regional brain gray matter volumes (GMV). The relationships between the smoking parameters with cognitive function, and whether this relationship was mediated by brain structure, were then investigated. Smoking was associated with lower total and regional GMV, with the extent depending on the frequency of smoking and on whether smoking had ceased: active regular smokers had the lowest GMV (Cohen's d = -0.362), and former light smokers had a slightly smaller GMV (Cohen's d = -0.060). The smaller GMV in smokers was most evident in the thalamus. Higher lifetime exposure (i.e., pack-years) was associated with lower total GMV (β = -311.84, p = 8.35 × 10-36). In those who ceased smoking, the duration of abstinence was associated with a larger total GMV (β = 139.57, p = 2.36 × 10-08). It was further found that reduced cognitive function was associated with smoker parameters and that the associations were partially mediated by brain structure. This is the largest scale investigation we know of smoking and brain structure, and these results are likely to be robust. The findings are of associations between brain structure and smoking, and in the future, it will be important to assess whether brain structure influences smoking status, or whether smoking influences brain structure, or both.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeqiang Linli
- MOE-LCSM, School of Mathematics and Statistics, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, PR China; Key Laboratory of Applied Statistics and Data Science, Hunan Normal University, College of Hunan Province, Changsha, PR China; School of Mathematics and Statistics, Guangdong University of Foreign Studies, Guangzhou, PR China.
| | - Edmund T Rolls
- Oxford Centre for Computational Neuroscience, Oxford, UK; Department of Computer Science, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Wei Zhao
- MOE-LCSM, School of Mathematics and Statistics, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, PR China; Key Laboratory of Applied Statistics and Data Science, Hunan Normal University, College of Hunan Province, Changsha, PR China
| | - Jujiao Kang
- Centre for Computational Systems Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Jianfeng Feng
- Department of Computer Science, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK; Centre for Computational Systems Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China.
| | - Shuixia Guo
- MOE-LCSM, School of Mathematics and Statistics, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, PR China; Key Laboratory of Applied Statistics and Data Science, Hunan Normal University, College of Hunan Province, Changsha, PR China.
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Butterfield RD, Silk JS. The Role of Neural Self-Referential Processes Underlying Self-Concept in Adolescent Depression: A Comprehensive Review and Proposed Neurobehavioral Model. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2023; 149:105183. [PMID: 37076056 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
There is growing knowledge about how self-concept develops in adolescence and contributes to the onset of depression, but researchers have only recently begun investigating the neural mechanisms that underlie self-referential cognition in adolescents with and without depression. This paper reviews task-related functional neuroimaging (fMRI) research on self-referential neural processing in both healthy and depressed adolescents (Mage range = 12-18 years), with a focus on elucidating brain activation that may subserve adolescent self-perception and related associations with depression. Drawing on conclusions from the affective neuroscience literature and developmental theory, we propose a neurobehavioral model and future research recommendations to address how social factors might shape self-referential neural processes and self-concept in ways that confer risk for depression. We review the operationalization of self-concept, developmental theory (i.e., symbolic interactionism) on self-concept development, and the role of self-concept in adolescent depression. We then review empirical studies assessing neural activation during healthy and depressed adolescents' processing of self-relevant information, and the limited studies assessing links between social factors and neural self-referential processing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jennifer S Silk
- University of Pittsburgh, Department of Psychology and Psychiatry
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Markov DD, Dolotov OV, Grivennikov IA. The Melanocortin System: A Promising Target for the Development of New Antidepressant Drugs. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076664. [PMID: 37047638 PMCID: PMC10094937 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Major depression is one of the most prevalent mental disorders, causing significant human suffering and socioeconomic loss. Since conventional antidepressants are not sufficiently effective, there is an urgent need to develop new antidepressant medications. Despite marked advances in the neurobiology of depression, the etiology and pathophysiology of this disease remain poorly understood. Classical and newer hypotheses of depression suggest that an imbalance of brain monoamines, dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPAA) and immune system, or impaired hippocampal neurogenesis and neurotrophic factors pathways are cause of depression. It is assumed that conventional antidepressants improve these closely related disturbances. The purpose of this review was to discuss the possibility of affecting these disturbances by targeting the melanocortin system, which includes adrenocorticotropic hormone-activated receptors and their peptide ligands (melanocortins). The melanocortin system is involved in the regulation of various processes in the brain and periphery. Melanocortins, including peripherally administered non-corticotropic agonists, regulate HPAA activity, exhibit anti-inflammatory effects, stimulate the levels of neurotrophic factors, and enhance hippocampal neurogenesis and neurotransmission. Therefore, endogenous melanocortins and their analogs are able to complexly affect the functioning of those body’s systems that are closely related to depression and the effects of antidepressants, thereby demonstrating a promising antidepressant potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitrii D. Markov
- National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, Kurchatov Sq. 2, 123182 Moscow, Russia
| | - Oleg V. Dolotov
- National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, Kurchatov Sq. 2, 123182 Moscow, Russia
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - Igor A. Grivennikov
- National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, Kurchatov Sq. 2, 123182 Moscow, Russia
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42
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Ma Z, Feng D, Rui W, Wang Z. Baicalin attenuates chronic unpredictable mild stress-induced hippocampal neuronal apoptosis through regulating SIRT1/PARP1 signaling pathway. Behav Brain Res 2023; 441:114299. [PMID: 36642102 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2023.114299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Baicalin (BA), a flavonoid glycoside extracts from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, has been reported to exert antidepressant effects. Emerging evidence indicates that neuronal apoptosis plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of depression. Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP1) is established as a key regulator of the cellular apoptosis. In the present study, we explored whether BA exerts antidepressant effects by regulating PARP1 signaling pathway and elucidated the underlying mechanisms. We found that administration of BA (30 mg/kg, 60 mg/kg) alleviated chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS)-induced depressive-like behaviors by increasing sucrose consumption in sucrose preference test (SPT), improving activity status in open field test (OFT) and reducing rest time in tail suspension test (TST). Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining and Nissl staining showed that BA ameliorated CUMS-induced neuronal damage in the hippocampus. Moreover, BA significantly upregulated anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2, downregulated pro-apoptotic protein Bax and cleaved-caspase-3 after CUMS in hippocampal of mice. Intriguingly, western blot and immunohistochemistry (IHC) results showed that the protein level of PARP1 was significantly increased in hippocampal tissue after CUMS, which was reversed by BA treatment. In primary hippocampal neurons (PHNs), BA abrogated the neuronal apoptosis caused by PARP1 overexpression. Meanwhile, BA significantly increased the protein level of SIRT1, SIRT1 inhibitor (EX-527) treatment reversed the effect of BA on reducing the protein level of PARP1 and neuronal apoptosis in CUMS-induced mice. Overall, our results indicated that BA attenuated the CUMS-induced hippocampal neuronal apoptosis through regulating the SIRT1/PARP1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongxuan Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Dingding Feng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangsu Health Vocational College, Nanjing 211800, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenjuan Rui
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 150 Ji Mo Road, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Zhiqing Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China.
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Pang F, Yang Y, Huang S, Yang Z, Zhu Z, Liao D, Guo X, Zhou M, Li Y, Tang C. Electroacupuncture Alleviates Depressive-like Behavior by Modulating the Expression of P2X7/NLRP3/IL-1β of Prefrontal Cortex and Liver in Rats Exposed to Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress. Brain Sci 2023; 13:brainsci13030436. [PMID: 36979246 PMCID: PMC10046261 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13030436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Depression is a complex clinical disorder associated with poor outcomes. Electroacupuncture (EA) has been demonstrated to have an important role in both clinical and pre-clinical depression investigations. Evidence has suggested that the P2X7 receptor (P2X7R), NLRP3, and IL-1β play an important role in depressive disorder. Our study is aimed at exploring the role of EA in alleviating depression-like behaviors in rats. We therefore investigated the effects of EA on the prefrontal cortex and liver of rats subjected to chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) through behavior tests, transmission electron microscopy, Nissl staining, HE staining, immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. Five weeks after exposure to CUMS, Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats showed depression-like behavior. Three weeks after treatment with brilliant blue G (BBG) or EA, depressive symptoms were significantly improved. Liver cells and microglia showed regular morphology and orderly arrangement in the BBG and EA groups compared with the CUMS group. Here we show that EA downregulated P2X7R/NLRP3/IL-1β expression and relieved depression-like behavior. In summary, our findings demonstrated the efficacy of EA in alleviating depression-like behaviors induced by CUMS in rats. This suggests that EA may serve as an adjunctive therapy in clinical practice, and that P2X7R may be a promising target for EA intervention on the liver–brain axis in treatment of depression.
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Protective Role and Functional Engineering of Neuropeptides in Depression and Anxiety: An Overview. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:bioengineering10020258. [PMID: 36829752 PMCID: PMC9952193 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10020258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Behavioral disorders, such as anxiety and depression, are prevalent globally and touch children and adults on a regular basis. Therefore, it is critical to comprehend how these disorders are affected. It has been demonstrated that neuropeptides can influence behavior, emotional reactions, and behavioral disorders. This review highlights the majority of the findings demonstrating neuropeptides' behavioral role and functional engineering in depression and anxiety. Gut-brain peptides, hypothalamic releasing hormone peptides, opioid peptides, and pituitary hormone peptides are the four major groups of neuropeptides discussed. Some neuropeptides appear to promote depression and anxiety-like symptoms, whereas others seem to reduce it, all depending on the receptors they are acting on and on the brain region they are localized in. The data supplied here are an excellent starting point for future therapy interventions aimed at treating anxiety and depression.
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Sun N, Liu M, Liu P, Zhang A, Yang C, Liu Z, Li J, Li G, Wang Y, Zhang K. Abnormal cortical-striatal-thalamic-cortical circuit centered on the thalamus in MDD patients with somatic symptoms: Evidence from the REST-meta-MDD project. J Affect Disord 2023; 323:71-84. [PMID: 36395992 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Somatic symptoms are common comorbidities of major depressive disorder (MDD), and negatively impact the course and severity of the disease. In order to enrich the understanding of the pathological mechanism and clarify the neurobiological basis of somatic symptoms in depression, we attempted to explore the changes of brain structure and function in a large sample between depression with and without somatic symptoms. METHODS Structure magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data were collected from 342 patients with somatic symptoms (SD), 208 patients without somatic symptoms (NSD), and 510 healthy controls (HCs) based on the REST-meta-MDD project. We analyzed the whole brain VBM maps of the three groups, and combined with weight degree centrality (DC) index, we investigated whether the brain regions with gray matter volume (GMV) and gray matter density (GMD) abnormalities in MDD patients with somatic symptoms had corresponding brain functional abnormalities. RESULTS Between depression with and without somatic symptoms, we found that there are extensive GMV and GMD differences involving cortical regions such as the temporal lobe, occipital lobe, and insula, as well as subcortical brain regions such as thalamus and striatum. The comparison results of weight DC signals of GMV and GMD abnormal clusters between the SD and NSD groups were basically consistent with the GMV and GMD abnormal clusters. CONCLUSION The results indicate that the structure and function of cortical-striatal-thalamic-cortical (CSTC) circuit centered on the thalamus were abnormal in MDD patients with somatic symptoms. This may be the neurobiological basis of somatic symptoms in MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Sun
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China; Department of Mental Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
| | - Min Liu
- Department of Psychosomatic, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Penghong Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
| | - Aixia Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
| | - Chunxia Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
| | - Zhifen Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China; Department of Mental Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
| | - Jianying Li
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
| | - Gaizhi Li
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
| | - Yanfang Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
| | - Kerang Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China.
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Abstract
Treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD) including treatment-resistant depression (TRD) remains a major unmet need. Although there are several classes of dissimilar antidepressant drugs approved for MDD, the current drugs have either limited efficacy or are associated with undesirable side effects and withdrawal symptoms. The efficacy and side effects of antidepressant drugs are mainly attributed to their actions on different monoamine neurotransmitters (serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine). Development of new antidepressants with novel targets beyond the monoamine pathways may fill the unmet need in treatment of MDD and TRD. The recent approval of intranasal Esketamine (glutamatergic agent) in conjunction with an oral antidepressant for the treatment of adult TRD patients was the first step toward expanding beyond the monoamine targets. Several other glutamatergic (AXS-05, REL-1017, AV-101, SLS-002, AGN24175, and PCN-101) and GABAergic (brexanolone, zuranolone, and ganaxolone) drugs are currently in different stages of clinical development for MDD, TRD and other indications. The renaissance of psychedelic drugs and the emergence of preliminary positive clinical trial results with psilocybin, Ayahuasca, 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT), and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) may pave the way towards establishing this class of drugs as effective therapies for MDD, TRD and other neuropsychiatric disorders. Going beyond the monoamine targets appears to be an effective strategy to develop novel antidepressant drugs with superior efficacy, safety, and tolerability for the improved treatment of MDD and TRD.
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Miola A, Meda N, Perini G, Sambataro F. Structural and functional features of treatment-resistant depression: A systematic review and exploratory coordinate-based meta-analysis of neuroimaging studies. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2023; 77:252-263. [PMID: 36641802 DOI: 10.1111/pcn.13530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES A third of people suffering from major depressive disorder do not experience a significant improvement in their symptoms even after adequate treatment with two different antidepressant medications. This common condition, termed treatment-resistant depression (TRD), severely affects the quality of life of millions of people worldwide, causing long-lasting interpersonal problems and social costs. Given its epidemiological and clinical relevance and the little consensus on whether the neurobiological underpinnings of TRD differ from treatment-sensitive depression (TSD), we sought to highlight the convergent morphometric and functional neuroimaging correlates of TRD. METHODS We systematically reviewed the published literature on structural and resting-state functional neuroimaging of TRD compared to TSD and healthy controls (HC) and performed exploratory coordinate-based meta-analyses (CBMA) of significant results separately for each modality and multimodally ("all-effects"). CBMAs were also performed for each direction and combining both directions of group contrasts. RESULTS Out of the initial 1929 studies, only eight involving 555 participants (189 patients with TRD, 156 with TSD, and 210 HC) were included. In all-effects CBMA, precentral/superior frontal gyrus showed a significant difference between TRD and HC. Functional and structural imaging meta-analyses did not yield statistically significant results. A marginally significant cluster of altered intrinsic activity was found between TRD and HC in the cerebellum/pons. CONCLUSIONS Frontal, cerebellar, and brainstem functions can be involved in the pathophysiology of TRD. However, the design and heterogeneity of the (scarce) published literature hinder the generalizability of the findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Miola
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,Casa di Cura Parco dei Tigli, Padova, Italy
| | - Nicola Meda
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Giulia Perini
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,Casa di Cura Parco dei Tigli, Padova, Italy
| | - Fabio Sambataro
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,Padova University Hospital, Padova, Italy
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Hung CI, Wu CT, Chao YP. Differences in gray matter volumes of subcortical nuclei between major depressive disorder with and without persistent depressive disorder. J Affect Disord 2023; 321:161-166. [PMID: 36272460 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to compare the differences in gray matter volumes (GMVs) of subcortical nuclei between major depressive disorder (MDD) patients with and without persistent depressive disorder (PDD) at long-term follow-up. METHODS 114 and 94 subjects with MDD, including 48 and 41 with comorbid PDD, were enrolled to undergo high-resolution T1-weighted imaging at first (FIP) and second (three years later, SIP) investigation points, respectively. FreeSurfer was used to extract the GMVs of seven subcortical nuclei, and Generalized Estimating Equation models were employed to estimate the differences in GMVs of subcortical nuclei between the two subgroups. RESULTS The PDD subgroup had a significantly greater depressive severity and a higher percentage of patients undergoing pharmacotherapy at the FIP as compared with the non-PDD subgroup. These differences became insignificant at the SIP. The PDD subgroup had a significantly (p < 0.003) smaller GMV in the right putamen at the SIP and in the right nucleus accumbens (NAc) at the FIP and SIP as compared with the non-PDD subgroup. After controlling for clinical variables, PDD was independently associated with smaller GMVs in the right putamen and NAc. LIMITATIONS Imaging was not performed at baseline and pharmacotherapy was not controlled at the FIP and SIP. CONCLUSIONS MDD with PDD was associated with smaller GMVs in the right putamen and NAc as compared with MDD without PDD. Whether the two regions are biomarkers related to a poor prognosis and the chronicity of depression requires further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-I Hung
- Department of Psychiatry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan; College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Te Wu
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ping Chao
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
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Li P, Yin F, Zhao Y, Liu Y, Zhang R, Wang J, Lu W, Wang Q, Zhang J. Total sugar intake is associated with higher prevalence of depressive symptoms in obese adults. Front Public Health 2023; 10:1069162. [PMID: 36711384 PMCID: PMC9880186 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1069162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The existing literature has repeatedly assessed the association between sugar-sweetened beverages and depressive symptoms, but studies of the association of total dietary sugar with depressive symptoms and of this association in obese adults are scarce. Thus, the purpose of this cross-sectional study was to assess the association between total sugar consumption and depressive symptoms in the study population and then in the population stratified by body mass index. Methods This study was conducted in a nationally representative sample of 16,009 adults from the 2011-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey in the US. Total sugar intake was assessed by 24 h dietary recalls, and depressive symptoms were assessed by the nine-item Patient Health Questionnaire. Logistic regression models were used to evaluate the association between total sugar consumption and depressive symptoms. Results Total sugar intake was positively associated with higher prevalence of depressive symptoms, and the adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval) of depressive symptoms for the highest vs. lowest quintile of total sugar intake was 1.56 (1.18, 2.05). In stratified analysis, we found a positive association between total sugar intake and depressive symptoms in adults with body mass index ≥30 kg/m2 (P for trend = 0.013), whereas no association was found in normal weight or overweight adults. Conclusions A higher intake of total sugar was associated with increased odds of clinically relevant depressive symptoms among obese adults. Further studies are necessary to confirm the role of total sugar in depressive symptoms among obese adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Li
- Department of Nutrition, First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Fuzai Yin
- Department of Endocrinology, First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Yanru Zhao
- Department of Nutrition, First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Yali Liu
- Health Management Centre, First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Ru Zhang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Jia Wang
- Department of Nutrition, First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Wenqi Lu
- Department of Nutrition, First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Qingsheng Wang
- Department of Cardiology, First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, China,*Correspondence: Jing Zhang ✉
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50
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Bonnekoh LM, Seidenbecher S, Knigge K, Hünecke AK, Metzger CD, Tempelmann C, Kanowski M, Kaufmann J, Meyer-Lotz G, Schlaaff K, Dobrowolny H, Tozzi L, Gescher DM, Steiner J, Kirschbaum C, Frodl T. Long-term cortisol stress response in depression and comorbid anxiety is linked with reduced N-acetylaspartate in the anterior cingulate cortex. World J Biol Psychiatry 2023; 24:34-45. [PMID: 35332851 DOI: 10.1080/15622975.2022.2058084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Major Depression (MDD) and anxiety disorders are stress-related disorders that share pathophysiological mechanisms. There is evidence for alterations of glutamate-glutamine, N-acetylaspartate (NAA) and GABA in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), a stress-sensitive region affected by hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA). The aim was to investigate metabolic alterations in the ACC and whether hair cortisol, current stress or early life adversity predict them. METHODS We investigated 22 patients with MDD and comorbid anxiety disorder and 23 healthy controls. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy was performed with voxels placed in pregenual (pg) and dorsal (d) ACC in 3 T. Analysis of hair cortisol was performed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). RESULTS The N-acetylaspartate/Creatin ratio (NAA/Cr) was reduced in patients in both pgACC (p = .040) and dACC (p = .016). A significant interactive effect of diagnosis and cortisol on both pg-NAA/Cr (F = 5.00, p = .033) and d-NAA/Cr (F = 7.86, p = .009) was detected, whereby in controls cortisol was positively correlated with d-NAA/Cr (r = 0.61, p = .004). CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest a relationship between NAA metabolism in ACC and HPA axis activity as represented by long-term cortisol output.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda M Bonnekoh
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.,Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Stephanie Seidenbecher
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Katrin Knigge
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Anne-Kathrin Hünecke
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Coraline D Metzger
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Claus Tempelmann
- Department of Neurology, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany.,Center of Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS), Otto von Guericke Universität Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Martin Kanowski
- Department of Neurology, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Jörn Kaufmann
- Department of Neurology, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Gabriela Meyer-Lotz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Konstantin Schlaaff
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany.,Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Henrik Dobrowolny
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Leonardo Tozzi
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Dorothee M Gescher
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University RWTH, Aachen, Germany
| | - Johann Steiner
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany.,Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Clemens Kirschbaum
- Department of Psychology, Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany
| | - Thomas Frodl
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany.,Center of Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS), Otto von Guericke Universität Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University RWTH, Aachen, Germany
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