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Erker TD, Arif Y, John JA, Embury CM, Kress KA, Springer SD, Okelberry HJ, McDonald KM, Picci G, Wiesman AI, Wilson TW. Neuromodulatory effects of parietal high-definition transcranial direct-current stimulation on network-level activity serving fluid intelligence. J Physiol 2024; 602:2917-2930. [PMID: 38758592 PMCID: PMC11178466 DOI: 10.1113/jp286004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Fluid intelligence (Gf) involves rational thinking skills and requires the integration of information from different cortical regions to resolve novel complex problems. The effects of non-invasive brain stimulation on Gf have been studied in attempts to improve Gf, but such studies are rare and the few existing have reached conflicting conclusions. The parieto-frontal integration theory of intelligence (P-FIT) postulates that the parietal and frontal lobes play a critical role in Gf. To investigate the suggested role of parietal cortices, we applied high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS) to the left and right parietal cortices of 39 healthy adults (age 19-33 years) for 20 min in three separate sessions (left active, right active and sham). After completing the stimulation session, the participants completed a logical reasoning task based on Raven's Progressive Matrices during magnetoencephalography. Significant neural responses at the sensor level across all stimulation conditions were imaged using a beamformer. Whole-brain, spectrally constrained functional connectivity was then computed to examine the network-level activity. Behaviourally, we found that participants were significantly more accurate following left compared to right parietal stimulation. Regarding neural findings, we found significant HD-tDCS montage-related effects in brain networks thought to be critical for P-FIT, including parieto-occipital, fronto-occipital, fronto-parietal and occipito-cerebellar connectivity during task performance. In conclusion, our findings showed that left parietal stimulation improved abstract reasoning abilities relative to right parietal stimulation and support both P-FIT and the neural efficiency hypothesis. KEY POINTS: Abstract reasoning is a critical component of fluid intelligence and is known to be served by multispectral oscillatory activity in the fronto-parietal cortices. Recent studies have aimed to improve abstract reasoning abilities and fluid intelligence overall through behavioural training, but the results have been mixed. High-definition transcranial direct-current stimulation (HD-tDCS) applied to the parietal cortices modulated task performance and neural oscillations during abstract reasoning. Left parietal stimulation resulted in increased accuracy and decreased functional connectivity between occipital regions and frontal, parietal, and cerebellar regions. Future studies should investigate whether HD-tDCS alters abstract reasoning abilities in those who exhibit declines in performance, such as healthy ageing populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tara D Erker
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, Nebraska, USA
| | - Yasra Arif
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, Nebraska, USA
| | - Jason A John
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, Nebraska, USA
| | - Christine M Embury
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, Nebraska, USA
| | - Kennedy A Kress
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, Nebraska, USA
| | - Seth D Springer
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, Nebraska, USA
- College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center (UNMC), Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Hannah J Okelberry
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, Nebraska, USA
| | - Kellen M McDonald
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, Nebraska, USA
- Department of Pharmacology & Neuroscience, Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Giorgia Picci
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, Nebraska, USA
- Department of Pharmacology & Neuroscience, Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Alex I Wiesman
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Tony W Wilson
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, Nebraska, USA
- Department of Pharmacology & Neuroscience, Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
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2
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Desvaux T, Danna J, Velay JL, Frey A. From gifted to high potential and twice exceptional: A state-of-the-art meta-review. APPLIED NEUROPSYCHOLOGY. CHILD 2024; 13:165-179. [PMID: 37665678 DOI: 10.1080/21622965.2023.2252950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Despite the abundant literature on intelligence and high potential individuals, there is still a lack of international consensus on the terminology and clinical characteristics associated to this population. It has been argued that unstandardized use of diagnosis tools and research methods make comparisons and interpretations of scientific and epidemiological evidence difficult in this field. If multiple cognitive and psychological models have attempted to explain the mechanisms underlying high potentiality, there is a need to confront new scientific evidence with the old, to uproot a global understanding of what constitutes the neurocognitive profile of high-potential in gifted individuals. Another particularly relevant aspect of applied research on high potentiality concerns the challenges faced by individuals referred to as "twice exceptional" in the field of education and in their socio-affective life. Some individuals have demonstrated high forms of intelligence together with learning, affective or neurodevelopmental disorders posing the question as to whether compensating or exacerbating psycho-cognitive mechanisms might underlie their observed behavior. Elucidating same will prove relevant to questions concerning the possible need for differential diagnosis tools, specialized educational and clinical support. A meta-review of the latest findings from neuroscience to developmental psychology, might help in the conception and reviewing of intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Desvaux
- CNRS, Laboratoire de Neurosciences Cognitives, Aix-Marseille University, UMR 7291, Marseille, France
| | - J Danna
- CLLE, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, France
| | - J-L Velay
- CNRS, Laboratoire de Neurosciences Cognitives, Aix-Marseille University, UMR 7291, Marseille, France
| | - A Frey
- CNRS, Laboratoire de Neurosciences Cognitives, Aix-Marseille University, UMR 7291, Marseille, France
- INSPE of Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
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3
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Penhale SH, Arif Y, Schantell M, Johnson HJ, Willett MP, Okelberry HJ, Meehan CE, Heinrichs‐Graham E, Wilson TW. Healthy aging alters the oscillatory dynamics and fronto-parietal connectivity serving fluid intelligence. Hum Brain Mapp 2024; 45:e26591. [PMID: 38401133 PMCID: PMC10893975 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Fluid intelligence (Gf) involves logical reasoning and novel problem-solving abilities. Often, abstract reasoning tasks like Raven's progressive matrices are used to assess Gf. Prior work has shown an age-related decline in fluid intelligence capabilities, and although many studies have sought to identify the underlying mechanisms, our understanding of the critical brain regions and dynamics remains largely incomplete. In this study, we utilized magnetoencephalography (MEG) to investigate 78 individuals, ages 20-65 years, as they completed an abstract reasoning task. MEG data was co-registered with structural MRI data, transformed into the time-frequency domain, and the resulting neural oscillations were imaged using a beamformer. We found worsening behavioral performance with age, including prolonged reaction times and reduced accuracy. MEG analyses indicated robust oscillations in the theta, alpha/beta, and gamma range during the task. Whole brain correlation analyses with age revealed relationships in the theta and alpha/beta frequency bands, such that theta oscillations became stronger with increasing age in a right prefrontal region and alpha/beta oscillations became stronger with increasing age in parietal and right motor cortices. Follow-up connectivity analyses revealed increasing parieto-frontal connectivity with increasing age in the alpha/beta frequency range. Importantly, our findings are consistent with the parieto-frontal integration theory of intelligence (P-FIT). These results further suggest that as people age, there may be alterations in neural responses that are spectrally specific, such that older people exhibit stronger alpha/beta oscillations across the parieto-frontal network during abstract reasoning tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha H. Penhale
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research HospitalNebraskaUSA
| | - Yasra Arif
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research HospitalNebraskaUSA
| | - Mikki Schantell
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research HospitalNebraskaUSA
- University of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNebraskaUSA
| | - Hallie J. Johnson
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research HospitalNebraskaUSA
| | - Madelyn P. Willett
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research HospitalNebraskaUSA
| | - Hannah J. Okelberry
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research HospitalNebraskaUSA
| | - Chloe E. Meehan
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research HospitalNebraskaUSA
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of NebraskaOmahaNebraskaUSA
| | - Elizabeth Heinrichs‐Graham
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research HospitalNebraskaUSA
- Department of Pharmacology and NeuroscienceCreighton UniversityOmahaNebraskaUSA
| | - Tony W. Wilson
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research HospitalNebraskaUSA
- Department of Pharmacology and NeuroscienceCreighton UniversityOmahaNebraskaUSA
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Litwińczuk MC, Muhlert N, Trujillo‐Barreto N, Woollams A. Impact of brain parcellation on prediction performance in models of cognition and demographics. Hum Brain Mapp 2024; 45:e26592. [PMID: 38339892 PMCID: PMC10831203 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Brain connectivity analysis begins with the selection of a parcellation scheme that will define brain regions as nodes of a network whose connections will be studied. Brain connectivity has already been used in predictive modelling of cognition, but it remains unclear if the resolution of the parcellation used can systematically impact the predictive model performance. In this work, structural, functional and combined connectivity were each defined with five different parcellation schemes. The resolution and modality of the parcellation schemes were varied. Each connectivity defined with each parcellation was used to predict individual differences in age, education, sex, executive function, self-regulation, language, encoding and sequence processing. It was found that low-resolution functional parcellation consistently performed above chance at producing generalisable models of both demographics and cognition. However, no single parcellation scheme showed a superior predictive performance across all cognitive domains and demographics. In addition, although parcellation schemes impacted the graph theory measures of each connectivity type (structural, functional and combined), these differences did not account for the out-of-sample predictive performance of the models. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that while high-resolution parcellations may be beneficial for modelling specific individual differences, partial voluming of signals produced by the higher resolution of the parcellation likely disrupts model generalisability.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nils Muhlert
- School of Health SciencesUniversity of ManchesterManchesterUK
| | | | - Anna Woollams
- School of Health SciencesUniversity of ManchesterManchesterUK
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Park CH, Durand-Ruel M, Moyne M, Morishita T, Hummel FC. Brain connectome correlates of short-term motor learning in healthy older subjects. Cortex 2024; 171:247-256. [PMID: 38043242 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2023.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
The motor learning process entails plastic changes in the brain, especially in brain network reconfigurations. In the current study, we sought to characterize motor learning by determining changes in the coupling behaviour between the brain functional and structural connectomes on a short timescale. 39 older subjects (age: mean (SD) = 69.7 (4.7) years, men:women = 15:24) were trained on a visually guided sequential hand grip learning task. The brain structural and functional connectomes were constructed from diffusion-weighted MRI and resting-state functional MRI, respectively. The association of motor learning ability with changes in network topology of the brain functional connectome and changes in the correspondence between the brain structural and functional connectomes were assessed. Motor learning ability was related to decreased efficiency and increased modularity in the visual, somatomotor, and frontoparietal networks of the brain functional connectome. Between the brain structural and functional connectomes, reduced correspondence in the visual, ventral attention, and frontoparietal networks as well as the whole-brain network was related to motor learning ability. In addition, structure-function correspondence in the dorsal attention, ventral attention, and frontoparietal networks before motor learning was predictive of motor learning ability. These findings indicate that, in the view of brain connectome changes, short-term motor learning is represented by a detachment of the brain functional from the brain structural connectome. The structure-function uncoupling accompanied by the enhanced segregation into modular structures over the core functional networks involved in the learning process may suggest that facilitation of functional flexibility is associated with successful motor learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Hyun Park
- Defitech Chair of Clinical Neuroengineering, Neuro-X Institute (NIX) and Brain Mind Institute (BMI), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Geneva, Switzerland; Defitech Chair for Clinical Neuroengineering, Neuro-X Institute (NIX) and Brain Mind Institute (BMI), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne EPFL Valais, Clinique Romande de Réadaptation Sion, Switzerland
| | - Manon Durand-Ruel
- Defitech Chair of Clinical Neuroengineering, Neuro-X Institute (NIX) and Brain Mind Institute (BMI), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Geneva, Switzerland; Defitech Chair for Clinical Neuroengineering, Neuro-X Institute (NIX) and Brain Mind Institute (BMI), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne EPFL Valais, Clinique Romande de Réadaptation Sion, Switzerland
| | - Maëva Moyne
- Defitech Chair of Clinical Neuroengineering, Neuro-X Institute (NIX) and Brain Mind Institute (BMI), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Geneva, Switzerland; Defitech Chair for Clinical Neuroengineering, Neuro-X Institute (NIX) and Brain Mind Institute (BMI), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne EPFL Valais, Clinique Romande de Réadaptation Sion, Switzerland; Clinical Neuroscience, University of Geneva Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Takuya Morishita
- Defitech Chair of Clinical Neuroengineering, Neuro-X Institute (NIX) and Brain Mind Institute (BMI), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Geneva, Switzerland; Defitech Chair for Clinical Neuroengineering, Neuro-X Institute (NIX) and Brain Mind Institute (BMI), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne EPFL Valais, Clinique Romande de Réadaptation Sion, Switzerland
| | - Friedhelm C Hummel
- Defitech Chair of Clinical Neuroengineering, Neuro-X Institute (NIX) and Brain Mind Institute (BMI), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Geneva, Switzerland; Defitech Chair for Clinical Neuroengineering, Neuro-X Institute (NIX) and Brain Mind Institute (BMI), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne EPFL Valais, Clinique Romande de Réadaptation Sion, Switzerland; Clinical Neuroscience, University of Geneva Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland.
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Liu M, Huang Q, Huang L, Ren S, Cui L, Zhang H, Guan Y, Guo Q, Xie F, Shen D. Dysfunctions of multiscale dynamic brain functional networks in subjective cognitive decline. Brain Commun 2024; 6:fcae010. [PMID: 38304005 PMCID: PMC10833653 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcae010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Subjective cognitive decline is potentially the earliest symptom of Alzheimer's disease, whose objective neurological basis remains elusive. To explore the potential biomarkers for subjective cognitive decline, we developed a novel deep learning method based on multiscale dynamical brain functional networks to identify subjective cognitive declines. We retrospectively constructed an internal data set (with 112 subjective cognitive decline and 64 healthy control subjects) to develop and internally validate the deep learning model. Conventional deep learning methods based on static and dynamic brain functional networks are compared. After the model is established, we prospectively collect an external data set (26 subjective cognitive decline and 12 healthy control subjects) for testing. Meanwhile, our method provides monitoring of the transitions between normal and abnormal (subjective cognitive decline-related) dynamical functional network states. The features of abnormal dynamical functional network states are quantified by network and variability metrics and associated with individual cognitions. Our method achieves an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.807 ± 0.046 in the internal validation data set and of 0.707 (P = 0.007) in the external testing data set, which shows improvements compared to conventional methods. The method further suggests that, at the local level, the abnormal dynamical functional network states are characterized by decreased connectivity strength and increased connectivity variability at different spatial scales. At the network level, the abnormal states are featured by scale-specifically altered modularity and all-scale decreased efficiency. Low tendencies to stay in abnormal states and high state transition variabilities are significantly associated with high general, language and executive functions. Overall, our work supports the deficits in multiscale brain dynamical functional networks detected by the deep learning method as reliable and meaningful neural alternation underpinning subjective cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mianxin Liu
- Shanghai Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Shanghai 200232, China
- School of Biomedical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials and Devices, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Qi Huang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine & PET Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Lin Huang
- Department of Gerontology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Shuhua Ren
- Department of Nuclear Medicine & PET Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Liang Cui
- Department of Gerontology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Han Zhang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials and Devices, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Yihui Guan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine & PET Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Qihao Guo
- Department of Gerontology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Fang Xie
- Department of Nuclear Medicine & PET Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Dinggang Shen
- School of Biomedical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials and Devices, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
- Shanghai United Imaging Intelligence Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200230, China
- Shanghai Clinical Research and Trial Center, Shanghai, 201210, China
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Yang J, Xu X, Sun M, Ruan Y, Sun C, Li W, Gao X. Towards an accurate autism spectrum disorder diagnosis: multiple connectome views from fMRI data. Cereb Cortex 2024; 34:bhad477. [PMID: 38100334 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhad477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Functional connectome has revealed remarkable potential in the diagnosis of neurological disorders, e.g. autism spectrum disorder. However, existing studies have primarily focused on a single connectivity pattern, such as full correlation, partial correlation, or causality. Such an approach fails in discovering the potential complementary topology information of FCNs at different connection patterns, resulting in lower diagnostic performance. Consequently, toward an accurate autism spectrum disorder diagnosis, a straightforward ambition is to combine the multiple connectivity patterns for the diagnosis of neurological disorders. To this end, we conduct functional magnetic resonance imaging data to construct multiple brain networks with different connectivity patterns and employ kernel combination techniques to fuse information from different brain connectivity patterns for autism diagnosis. To verify the effectiveness of our approach, we assess the performance of the proposed method on the Autism Brain Imaging Data Exchange dataset for diagnosing autism spectrum disorder. The experimental findings demonstrate that our method achieves precise autism spectrum disorder diagnosis with exceptional accuracy (91.30%), sensitivity (91.48%), and specificity (91.11%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yang
- College of Mathematics and Statistics, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China
- College of Information Science and Technology, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China
- Department of PET/MR, Shanghai Universal Medical Imaging Diagnostic Center, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Xiaowen Xu
- Tongji University School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200331, China
- Department of Medical Imaging, Tongji Hospital, Shanghai 430030, China
| | - Mingxiang Sun
- Department of PET/MR, Shanghai Universal Medical Imaging Diagnostic Center, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Yudi Ruan
- College of Information Science and Technology, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China
| | - Chenhao Sun
- Department of Radiology, Rugao Jian'an Hospital, Rugao 226561, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weikai Li
- College of Mathematics and Statistics, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China
- College of Information Science and Technology, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China
| | - Xin Gao
- Department of PET/MR, Shanghai Universal Medical Imaging Diagnostic Center, Shanghai 200444, China
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Dietz SM, Schantell M, Spooner RK, Sandal ME, Mansouri A, Arif Y, Okelberry HJ, John JA, Glesinger R, May PE, Heinrichs-Graham E, Case AJ, Zimmerman MC, Wilson TW. Elevated CRP and TNF-α levels are associated with blunted neural oscillations serving fluid intelligence. Brain Behav Immun 2023; 114:430-437. [PMID: 37716379 PMCID: PMC10591904 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2023.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Inflammatory processes help protect the body from potential threats such as bacterial or viral invasions. However, when such inflammatory processes become chronically engaged, synaptic impairments and neuronal cell death may occur. In particular, persistently high levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) have been linked to deficits in cognition and several psychiatric disorders. Higher-order cognitive processes such as fluid intelligence (Gf) are thought to be particularly vulnerable to persistent inflammation. Herein, we investigated the relationship between elevated CRP and TNF-α and the neural oscillatory dynamics serving Gf. METHODS Seventy adults between the ages of 20-66 years (Mean = 45.17 years, SD = 16.29, 21.4% female) completed an abstract reasoning task that probes Gf during magnetoencephalography (MEG) and provided a blood sample for inflammatory marker analysis. MEG data were imaged in the time-frequency domain, and whole-brain regressions were conducted using each individual's plasma CRP and TNF-α concentrations per oscillatory response, controlling for age, BMI, and education. RESULTS CRP and TNF-α levels were significantly associated with region-specific neural oscillatory responses. In particular, elevated CRP concentrations were associated with altered gamma activity in the right inferior frontal gyrus and right cerebellum. In contrast, elevated TNF-α levels scaled with alpha/beta oscillations in the left anterior cingulate and left middle temporal, and gamma activity in the left intraparietal sulcus. DISCUSSION Elevated inflammatory markers such as CRP and TNF-α were associated with aberrant neural oscillations in regions important for Gf. Linking inflammatory markers with regional neural oscillations may hold promise in identifying mechanisms of cognitive and psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M Dietz
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE, USA
| | - Mikki Schantell
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE, USA; College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center (UNMC), Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Rachel K Spooner
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE, USA; Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Megan E Sandal
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE, USA
| | - Amirsalar Mansouri
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE, USA
| | - Yasra Arif
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE, USA
| | - Hannah J Okelberry
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE, USA
| | - Jason A John
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE, USA
| | - Ryan Glesinger
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE, USA
| | - Pamela E May
- Department of Neurological Sciences, UNMC, Omaha, NE, USA
| | | | - Adam J Case
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Medical Physiology, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, College Station, TX, USA
| | | | - Tony W Wilson
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE, USA; College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center (UNMC), Omaha, NE, USA; Department of Pharmacology & Neuroscience, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, USA.
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9
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van 't Westende C, Twilhaar ES, Stam CJ, de Kieviet JF, van Elburg RM, Oosterlaan J, van de Pol LA. The influence of very preterm birth on adolescent EEG connectivity, network organization and long-term outcome. Clin Neurophysiol 2023; 154:49-59. [PMID: 37549613 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2023.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to explore differences in functional connectivity and network organization between very preterm born adolescents and term born controls and to investigate if these differences might explain the relation between preterm birth and adverse long-term outcome. METHODS Forty-seven very preterm born adolescents (53% males) and 54 controls (54% males) with matching age, sex and parental educational levels underwent high-density electroencephalography (EEG) at 13 years of age. Long-term outcome was assessed by Intelligence Quotient (IQ), motor, attentional functioning and academic performance. Two minutes of EEG data were analysed within delta, theta, lower alpha, upper alpha and beta frequency bands. Within each frequency band, connectivity was assessed using the Phase Lag Index (PLI) and Amplitude Envelope Correlation, corrected for volume conduction (AEC-c). Brain networks were constructed using the minimum spanning tree method. RESULTS Very preterm born adolescents had stronger beta PLI connectivity and less differentiated network organization. Beta AEC-c and differentiation of AEC-c based networks were negatively associated with long-term outcomes. EEG measures did not mediate the relation between preterm birth and outcomes. CONCLUSIONS This study shows that very preterm born adolescents may have altered functional connectivity and brain network organization in the beta frequency band. Alterations in measures of functional connectivity and network topologies, especially its differentiating characteristics, were associated with neurodevelopmental functioning. SIGNIFICANCE The findings indicate that EEG connectivity and network analysis is a promising tool for investigating underlying mechanisms of impaired functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- C van 't Westende
- Amsterdam UMC, Department of Child Neurology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - E S Twilhaar
- Université de Paris, CRESS, Obstetrical Perinatal and Pediatric Epidemiology Research Team, EPOPé, INSERM, INRAE, F-75004 Paris, France
| | - C J Stam
- Amsterdam UMC, Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - J F de Kieviet
- Amsterdam Rehabilitation Research Center, Reade, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - R M van Elburg
- Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of Pediatrics, Emma Children's Hospital Amsterdam UMC Follow-Me Program & Emma Neuroscience Group, Amsterdam Reproduction and Development Research Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam UMC, Department of Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - J Oosterlaan
- Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of Pediatrics, Emma Children's Hospital Amsterdam UMC Follow-Me Program & Emma Neuroscience Group, Amsterdam Reproduction and Development Research Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Rehabilitation Research Center, Reade, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - L A van de Pol
- Amsterdam UMC, Department of Child Neurology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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10
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Tillem S, Dotterer HL, Goetschius LG, Lopez-Duran N, Mitchell C, Monk CS, Hyde LW. Antisocial behavior is associated with reduced frontoparietal network efficiency in youth. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2023; 18:nsad026. [PMID: 37148314 PMCID: PMC10275549 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsad026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Youth antisocial behavior (AB) is associated with deficits in socioemotional processing, reward and threat processing and executive functioning. These deficits are thought to emerge from differences in neural structure, functioning and connectivity, particularly within the default, salience and frontoparietal networks. However, the relationship between AB and the organization of these networks remains unclear. To address this gap, the current study applied unweighted, undirected graph analyses to resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data in a cohort of 161 adolescents (95 female) enriched for exposure to poverty, a risk factor for AB. As prior work indicates that callous-unemotional (CU) traits may moderate the neurocognitive profile of youth AB, we examined CU traits as a moderator. Using multi-informant latent factors, AB was found to be associated with less efficient frontoparietal network topology, a network associated with executive functioning. However, this effect was limited to youth at low or mean levels of CU traits, indicating that these neural differences were specific to those high on AB but not CU traits. Neither AB, CU traits nor their interaction was significantly related to default or salience network topologies. Results suggest that AB, specifically, may be linked with shifts in the architecture of the frontoparietal network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott Tillem
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Hailey L Dotterer
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Leigh G Goetschius
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Nestor Lopez-Duran
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Colter Mitchell
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Christopher S Monk
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Luke W Hyde
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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11
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Khodaei M, Laurienti PJ, Dagenbach D, Simpson SL. Brain working memory network indices as landmarks of intelligence. NEUROIMAGE. REPORTS 2023; 3:100165. [PMID: 37425210 PMCID: PMC10327823 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynirp.2023.100165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Identifying the neural correlates of intelligence has long been a goal in neuroscience. Recently, the field of network neuroscience has attracted researchers' attention as a means for answering this question. In network neuroscience, the brain is considered as an integrated system whose systematic properties provide profound insights into health and behavioral outcomes. However, most network studies of intelligence have used univariate methods to investigate topological network measures, with their focus limited to a few measures. Furthermore, most studies have focused on resting state networks despite the fact that brain activation during working memory tasks has been linked to intelligence. Finally, the literature is still missing an investigation of the association between network assortativity and intelligence. To address these issues, here we employ a recently developed mixed-modeling framework for analyzing multi-task brain networks to elucidate the most critical working memory task network topological properties corresponding to individuals' intelligence differences. We used a data set of 379 subjects (22-35 y/o) from the Human Connectome Project (HCP). Each subject's data included composite intelligence scores, and fMRI during resting state and a 2-back working memory task. Following comprehensive quality control and preprocessing of the minimally preprocessed fMRI data, we extracted a set of the main topological network features, including global efficiency, degree, leverage centrality, modularity, and clustering coefficient. The estimated network features and subject's confounders were then incorporated into the multi-task mixed-modeling framework to investigate how brain network changes between working memory and resting state relate to intelligence score. Our results indicate that the general intelligence score (cognitive composite score) is associated with a change in the relationship between connection strength and multiple network topological properties, including global efficiency, leverage centrality, and degree difference during working memory as it is compared to resting state. More specifically, we observed a higher increase in the positive association between global efficiency and connection strength for the high intelligence group when they switch from resting state to working memory. The strong connections might form superhighways for a more efficient global flow of information through the brain network. Furthermore, we found an increase in the negative association between degree difference and leverage centrality with connection strength during working memory tasks for the high intelligence group. These indicate higher network resilience and assortativity along with higher circuit-specific information flow during working memory for those with a higher intelligence score. Although the exact neurobiological implications of our results are speculative at this point, our results provide evidence for the significant association of intelligence with hallmark properties of brain networks during working memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammadreza Khodaei
- Virginia Tech-Wake Forest University School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Paul J. Laurienti
- Virginia Tech-Wake Forest University School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Department of Radiology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Dale Dagenbach
- Department of Psychology, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Sean L. Simpson
- Virginia Tech-Wake Forest University School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
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12
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Anderson ED, Barbey AK. Investigating cognitive neuroscience theories of human intelligence: A connectome-based predictive modeling approach. Hum Brain Mapp 2023; 44:1647-1665. [PMID: 36537816 PMCID: PMC9921238 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Central to modern neuroscientific theories of human intelligence is the notion that general intelligence depends on a primary brain region or network, engaging spatially localized (rather than global) neural representations. Recent findings in network neuroscience, however, challenge this assumption, providing evidence that general intelligence may depend on system-wide network mechanisms, suggesting that local representations are necessary but not sufficient to account for the neural architecture of human intelligence. Despite the importance of this key theoretical distinction, prior research has not systematically investigated the role of local versus global neural representations in predicting general intelligence. We conducted a large-scale connectome-based predictive modeling study (N = 297), administering resting-state fMRI and a comprehensive cognitive battery to evaluate the efficacy of modern neuroscientific theories of human intelligence, including spatially localized theories (Lateral Prefrontal Cortex Theory, Parieto-Frontal Integration Theory, and Multiple Demand Theory) and recent global accounts (Process Overlap Theory and Network Neuroscience Theory). The results of our study demonstrate that general intelligence can be predicted by local functional connectivity profiles but is most robustly explained by global profiles of whole-brain connectivity. Our findings further suggest that the improved efficacy of global theories is not reducible to a greater strength or number of connections, but instead results from considering both strong and weak connections that provide the basis for intelligence (as predicted by the Network Neuroscience Theory). Our results highlight the importance of considering local neural representations in the context of a global information-processing architecture, suggesting future directions for theory-driven research on system-wide network mechanisms underlying general intelligence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan D Anderson
- Decision Neuroscience Laboratory, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, USA.,Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, USA.,Ball Aerospace and Technologies Corp, Broomfield, Colorado, USA.,Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio, USA
| | - Aron K Barbey
- Decision Neuroscience Laboratory, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, USA.,Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, USA.,Department of Psychology, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, USA
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13
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Hatlestad-Hall C, Bruña R, Liljeström M, Renvall H, Heuser K, Taubøll E, Maestú F, Haraldsen IH. Reliable evaluation of functional connectivity and graph theory measures in source-level EEG: How many electrodes are enough? Clin Neurophysiol 2023; 150:1-16. [PMID: 36972647 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2023.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Using EEG to characterise functional brain networks through graph theory has gained significant interest in clinical and basic research. However, the minimal requirements for reliable measures remain largely unaddressed. Here, we examined functional connectivity estimates and graph theory metrics obtained from EEG with varying electrode densities. METHODS EEG was recorded with 128 electrodes in 33 participants. The high-density EEG data were subsequently subsampled into three sparser montages (64, 32, and 19 electrodes). Four inverse solutions, four measures of functional connectivity, and five graph theory metrics were tested. RESULTS The correlation between the results obtained with 128-electrode and the subsampled montages decreased as a function of the number of electrodes. As a result of decreased electrode density, the network metrics became skewed: mean network strength and clustering coefficient were overestimated, while characteristic path length was underestimated. CONCLUSIONS Several graph theory metrics were altered when electrode density was reduced. Our results suggest that, for optimal balance between resource demand and result precision, a minimum of 64 electrodes should be utilised when graph theory metrics are used to characterise functional brain networks in source-reconstructed EEG data. SIGNIFICANCE Characterisation of functional brain networks derived from low-density EEG warrants careful consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ricardo Bruña
- Centre for Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Department of Radiology, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mia Liljeström
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University, Helsinki, Finland; BioMag Laboratory, HUS Medical Imaging Centre, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hanna Renvall
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University, Helsinki, Finland; BioMag Laboratory, HUS Medical Imaging Centre, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kjell Heuser
- Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Erik Taubøll
- Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Fernando Maestú
- Centre for Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Department of Experimental Psychology, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Spain
| | - Ira H Haraldsen
- Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; BrainSymph AS, Oslo, Norway
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14
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Tröndle M, Popov T, Pedroni A, Pfeiffer C, Barańczuk-Turska Z, Langer N. Decomposing age effects in EEG alpha power. Cortex 2023; 161:116-144. [PMID: 36933455 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2023.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Increasing life expectancy is prompting the need to understand how the brain changes during healthy aging. Research utilizing electroencephalography (EEG) has found that the power of alpha oscillations decrease from adulthood on. However, non-oscillatory (aperiodic) components in the data may confound results and thus require re-investigation of these findings. Thus, the present report analyzed a pilot and two additional independent samples (total N = 533) of resting-state EEG from healthy young and elderly individuals. A newly developed algorithm was utilized that allows the decomposition of the measured signal into periodic and aperiodic signal components. By using multivariate sequential Bayesian updating of the age effect in each signal component, evidence across the datasets was accumulated. It was hypothesized that previously reported age-related alpha power differences will largely diminish when total power is adjusted for the aperiodic signal component. First, the age-related decrease in total alpha power was replicated. Concurrently, decreases of the intercept and slope (i.e. exponent) of the aperiodic signal component were observed. Findings on aperiodic-adjusted alpha power indicated that this general shift of the power spectrum leads to an overestimation of the true age effects in conventional analyses of total alpha power. Thus, the importance of separating neural power spectra into periodic and aperiodic signal components is highlighted. However, also after accounting for these confounding factors, the sequential Bayesian updating analysis provided robust evidence that aging is associated with decreased aperiodic-adjusted alpha power. While the relation of the aperiodic component and aperiodic-adjusted alpha power to cognitive decline demands further investigation, the consistent findings on age effects across independent datasets and high test-retest reliabilities support that these newly emerging measures are reliable markers of the aging brain. Hence, previous interpretations of age-related decreases in alpha power are reevaluated, incorporating changes in the aperiodic signal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marius Tröndle
- Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Methods of Plasticity Research, Zurich, Switzerland; University Research Priority Program (URPP) Dynamics of Healthy Aging, Zurich, Switzerland; Neuroscience Center Zurich (ZNZ), Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Tzvetan Popov
- Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Methods of Plasticity Research, Zurich, Switzerland; University Research Priority Program (URPP) Dynamics of Healthy Aging, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Pedroni
- Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Methods of Plasticity Research, Zurich, Switzerland; University Research Priority Program (URPP) Dynamics of Healthy Aging, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christian Pfeiffer
- Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Methods of Plasticity Research, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Zofia Barańczuk-Turska
- Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Methods of Plasticity Research, Zurich, Switzerland; University Research Priority Program (URPP) Dynamics of Healthy Aging, Zurich, Switzerland; Institute of Mathematics, University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Langer
- Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Methods of Plasticity Research, Zurich, Switzerland; University Research Priority Program (URPP) Dynamics of Healthy Aging, Zurich, Switzerland; Neuroscience Center Zurich (ZNZ), Zurich, Switzerland
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15
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Thiele JA, Richter A, Hilger K. Multimodal Brain Signal Complexity Predicts Human Intelligence. eNeuro 2023; 10:ENEURO.0345-22.2022. [PMID: 36657966 PMCID: PMC9910576 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0345-22.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Spontaneous brain activity builds the foundation for human cognitive processing during external demands. Neuroimaging studies based on functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) identified specific characteristics of spontaneous (intrinsic) brain dynamics to be associated with individual differences in general cognitive ability, i.e., intelligence. However, fMRI research is inherently limited by low temporal resolution, thus, preventing conclusions about neural fluctuations within the range of milliseconds. Here, we used resting-state electroencephalographical (EEG) recordings from 144 healthy adults to test whether individual differences in intelligence (Raven's Advanced Progressive Matrices scores) can be predicted from the complexity of temporally highly resolved intrinsic brain signals. We compared different operationalizations of brain signal complexity (multiscale entropy, Shannon entropy, Fuzzy entropy, and specific characteristics of microstates) regarding their relation to intelligence. The results indicate that associations between brain signal complexity measures and intelligence are of small effect sizes (r ∼ 0.20) and vary across different spatial and temporal scales. Specifically, higher intelligence scores were associated with lower complexity in local aspects of neural processing, and less activity in task-negative brain regions belonging to the default-mode network. Finally, we combined multiple measures of brain signal complexity to show that individual intelligence scores can be significantly predicted with a multimodal model within the sample (10-fold cross-validation) as well as in an independent sample (external replication, N = 57). In sum, our results highlight the temporal and spatial dependency of associations between intelligence and intrinsic brain dynamics, proposing multimodal approaches as promising means for future neuroscientific research on complex human traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas A Thiele
- Department of Psychology I, University of Würzburg, Würzburg 97070, Germany
| | - Aylin Richter
- Department of Biology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg 97074, Germany
| | - Kirsten Hilger
- Department of Psychology I, University of Würzburg, Würzburg 97070, Germany
- Department of Psychology, Frankfurt University, Frankfurt am Main 60629, Germany
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16
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Zhang J, Yin M, Shu D, Liu D. The establishment of the general microexpression recognition ability and its relevant brain activity. Front Hum Neurosci 2022; 16:894702. [PMID: 36569473 PMCID: PMC9774033 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2022.894702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Microexpressions are very transitory expressions lasting about 1/25∼1/2 s, which can reveal people's true emotions they try to hide or suppress. The PREMERT (pseudorandom ecological microexpression recognition test) could test the individual's microexpression recognition ability with six microexpression Ms (the mean of accuracy rates of a microexpression type under six expression backgrounds), and six microexpression SDs (the standard deviation of accuracy rates of this microexpression type under six expression backgrounds), but it and other studies did not explore the general microexpression recognition ability (the GMERA) or could not test the GMERA effectively. Therefore, the current study put forward and established the GMERA with the behavioral data of the PREMERT. The spontaneous brain activity in the resting state is a stable index to measure individual cognitive characteristics. Therefore, the current study explored the relevant resting-state brain activity of the GMERA indicators to prove that GMERA is an individual cognitive characteristic from brain mechanisms with the neuroimaging data of the PREMERT. The results showed that (1) there was a three-layer hierarchical structure in human microexpression recognition ability: The GMERA (the highest layer); recognition of a type of microexpression under different expression backgrounds (the second layer); and recognition of a certain microexpression under a certain expression background (the third layer). A common factor GMERA was extracted from the six microexpression types recognition in PREMERT. Four indicators of the GMERA were calculated from six microexpression Ms and six microexpression SDs, such as GMERAL (level of GMERA), GMERAF (fluctuation of GMERA), GMERAB (background effect of GMERA), and GMERABF (fluctuation of GMERAB), which had good parallel-forms reliability, calibration validity, and ecological validity. The GMERA provided a concise and comprehensive overview of the individual's microexpression recognition ability. The PREMERT was proved as a good test to measure the GMERA. (2) ALFFs (the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations) in both eyes-closed and eyes-opened resting-states and ALFFs-difference could predict the four indicators of the GMERA. The relevant resting-state brain areas were some areas of the expression recognition network, the microexpression consciousness and attention network, and the motor network for the change from expression backgrounds to microexpression. (3) The relevant brain areas of the GMERA and different types of microexpression recognition belonged to the three cognitive processes, but the relevant brain areas of the GMERA were the "higher-order" areas to be more concise and critical than those of different types of microexpression recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianxin Zhang
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Microexpression Intelligent Sensing and Security Prevention and Control, Nanjing, China,School of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Ming Yin
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Microexpression Intelligent Sensing and Security Prevention and Control, Nanjing, China,Jiangsu Police Institute, Nanjing, China
| | - Deming Shu
- School of Education, Soochow University, Soochow, China,*Correspondence: Deming Shu,
| | - Dianzhi Liu
- School of Education, Soochow University, Soochow, China,*Correspondence: Deming Shu,
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17
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Wu B, Guo Y, Kang J. Bayesian Spatial Blind Source Separation via the Thresholded Gaussian Process. J Am Stat Assoc 2022; 119:422-433. [PMID: 38545331 PMCID: PMC10964322 DOI: 10.1080/01621459.2022.2123336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Blind source separation (BSS) aims to separate latent source signals from their mixtures. For spatially dependent signals in high dimensional and large-scale data, such as neuroimaging, most existing BSS methods do not take into account the spatial dependence and the sparsity of the latent source signals. To address these major limitations, we propose a Bayesian spatial blind source separation (BSP-BSS) approach for neuroimaging data analysis. We assume the expectation of the observed images as a linear mixture of multiple sparse and piece-wise smooth latent source signals, for which we construct a new class of Bayesian nonparametric prior models by thresholding Gaussian processes. We assign the vMF priors to mixing coefficients in the model. Under some regularity conditions, we show that the proposed method has several desirable theoretical properties including the large support for the priors, the consistency of joint posterior distribution of the latent source intensity functions and the mixing coefficients, and the selection consistency on the number of latent sources. We use extensive simulation studies and an analysis of the resting-state fMRI data in the Autism Brain Imaging Data Exchange (ABIDE) study to demonstrate that BSP-BSS outperforms the existing method for separating latent brain networks and detecting activated brain activation in the latent sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Wu
- Center for Applied Statistics, School of Statistics, Renmin University of China, Beijing, CN, 100872
| | - Ying Guo
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - Jian Kang
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
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18
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Wang L, Sheng A, Chang L, Zhou R. Improving fluid intelligence of children through working memory training: The role of inhibition control. Front Psychol 2022; 13:1025036. [PMID: 36507034 PMCID: PMC9732572 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1025036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Intelligence is strongly associated with working memory. Working memory training can improve fluid intelligence, but the underlying mechanism requires further investigation. Because inhibition control may play a key role in working memory training, this study investigated this process from an electrophysiological perspective. In total, 40 children aged 9 to 11 years were enrolled and randomly divided into a training group (n = 20) and a control group (n = 20). The training group received 20 days of working memory training, whereas the control group did not receive any training. Before and after the training period, all participants were tested using Raven's Standard Progressive Matrices (RSPM), and electrophysiological indicators were recorded while they performed go/no-go and Stroop tasks. The results revealed that relative to the control group, the training group had significantly improved RSPM scores in the test conducted after their training. For the go/no-go tasks, the training group exhibited a significant decrease in N2 amplitude, a significant increase in P3 amplitude, a significant decrease in theta band energy, and an improvement in response inhibition ability. No significant change was observed for the Stroop task. Correlation analysis revealed that an improvement in individual response inhibition can positively predict an improvement in fluid intelligence. These results suggest that working memory training enhances the fluid intelligence of children by enhancing their response inhibition ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Department of Psychology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ang Sheng
- Department of Psychology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lei Chang
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
| | - Renlai Zhou
- Department of Psychology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China,State Key Laboratory of Media Convergence Production Technology and Systems, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Renlai Zhou,
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19
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Menardi A, Momi D, Vallesi A, Barabási AL, Towlson EK, Santarnecchi E. Maximizing brain networks engagement via individualized connectome-wide target search. Brain Stimul 2022; 15:1418-1431. [PMID: 36252908 DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2022.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years, the possibility to noninvasively interact with the human brain has led to unprecedented diagnostic and therapeutic opportunities. However, the vast majority of approved interventions and approaches still rely on anatomical landmarks and rarely on the individual structure of networks in the brain, drastically reducing the potential efficacy of neuromodulation. OBJECTIVE Here we implemented a target search algorithm leveraging on mathematical tools from Network Control Theory (NCT) and whole brain connectomics analysis. By means of computational simulations, we aimed to identify the optimal stimulation target(s)- at the individual brain level- capable of reaching maximal engagement of the stimulated networks' nodes. RESULTS At the model level, in silico predictions suggest that stimulation of NCT-derived cerebral sites might induce significantly higher network engagement, compared to traditionally employed neuromodulation sites, demonstrating NCT to be a useful tool in guiding brain stimulation. Indeed, NCT allows us to computationally model different stimulation scenarios tailored on the individual structural connectivity profiles and initial brain states. CONCLUSIONS The use of NCT to computationally predict TMS pulse propagation suggests that individualized targeting is crucial for more successful network engagement. Future studies will be needed to verify such prediction in real stimulation scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Menardi
- Precision Neuroscience & Neuromodulation Program, Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Neuroscience & Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Davide Momi
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio", Chieti, Italy; Krembil Centre for Neuroinformatics, Centre for Addiction & Mental Health, Toronto, Canada
| | - Antonino Vallesi
- Department of Neuroscience & Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Albert-László Barabási
- Network Science Institute and Department of Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Network and Data Science, Central European University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Emma K Towlson
- Department of Computer Science, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Emiliano Santarnecchi
- Precision Neuroscience & Neuromodulation Program, Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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20
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Tillem S, Conley MI, Baskin-Sommers A. Conduct disorder symptomatology is associated with an altered functional connectome in a large national youth sample. Dev Psychopathol 2022; 34:1573-1584. [PMID: 33851904 PMCID: PMC8753609 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579421000237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Conduct disorder (CD), characterized by youth antisocial behavior, is associated with a variety of neurocognitive impairments. However, questions remain regarding the neural underpinnings of these impairments. To investigate novel neural mechanisms that may support these neurocognitive abnormalities, the present study applied a graph analysis to resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data collected from a national sample of 4,781 youth, ages 9-10, who participated in the baseline session of the Adolescent Brain Cognitive DevelopmentSM Study (ABCD Study®). Analyses were then conducted to examine the relationships among levels of CD symptomatology, metrics of global topology, node-level metrics for subcortical structures, and performance on neurocognitive assessments. Youth higher on CD displayed higher global clustering (β = .039, 95% CIcorrected [.0027 .0771]), but lower Degreesubcortical (β = -.052, 95% CIcorrected [-.0916 -.0152]). Youth higher on CD had worse performance on a general neurocognitive assessment (β = -.104, 95% CI [-.1328 -.0763]) and an emotion recognition memory assessment (β = -.061, 95% CI [-.0919 -.0290]). Finally, global clustering mediated the relationship between CD and general neurocognitive functioning (indirect β = -.002, 95% CI [-.0044 -.0002]), and Degreesubcortical mediated the relationship between CD and emotion recognition memory performance (indirect β = -.002, 95% CI [-.0046 -.0005]). CD appears associated with neuro-topological abnormalities and these abnormalities may represent neural mechanisms supporting CD-related neurocognitive disruptions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott Tillem
- Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - May I Conley
- Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
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21
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Tröndle M, Popov T, Dziemian S, Langer N. Decomposing the role of alpha oscillations during brain maturation. eLife 2022; 11:77571. [PMID: 36006005 PMCID: PMC9410707 DOI: 10.7554/elife.77571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Childhood and adolescence are critical stages of the human lifespan, in which fundamental neural reorganizational processes take place. A substantial body of literature investigated accompanying neurophysiological changes, focusing on the most dominant feature of the human EEG signal: the alpha oscillation. Recent developments in EEG signal-processing show that conventional measures of alpha power are confounded by various factors and need to be decomposed into periodic and aperiodic components, which represent distinct underlying brain mechanisms. It is therefore unclear how each part of the signal changes during brain maturation. Using multivariate Bayesian generalized linear models, we examined aperiodic and periodic parameters of alpha activity in the largest openly available pediatric dataset (N=2529, age 5-22 years) and replicated these findings in a preregistered analysis of an independent validation sample (N=369, age 6-22 years). First, the welldocumented age-related decrease in total alpha power was replicated. However, when controlling for the aperiodic signal component, our findings provided strong evidence for an age-related increase in the aperiodic-adjusted alpha power. As reported in previous studies, also relative alpha power revealed a maturational increase, yet indicating an underestimation of the underlying relationship between periodic alpha power and brain maturation. The aperiodic intercept and slope decreased with increasing age and were highly correlated with total alpha power. Consequently, earlier interpretations on age-related changes of total alpha power need to be reconsidered, as elimination of active synapses rather links to decreases in the aperiodic intercept. Instead, analyses of diffusion tensor imaging data indicate that the maturational increase in aperiodic-adjusted alpha power is related to increased thalamocortical connectivity. Functionally, our results suggest that increased thalamic control of cortical alpha power is linked to improved attentional performance during brain maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marius Tröndle
- Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Methods of Plasticity Research, Zurich, Switzerland.,University Research Priority Program (URPP) Dynamic of Healthy Aging, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Tzvetan Popov
- Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Methods of Plasticity Research, Zurich, Switzerland.,University Research Priority Program (URPP) Dynamic of Healthy Aging, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sabine Dziemian
- Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Methods of Plasticity Research, Zurich, Switzerland.,University Research Priority Program (URPP) Dynamic of Healthy Aging, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Langer
- Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Methods of Plasticity Research, Zurich, Switzerland.,University Research Priority Program (URPP) Dynamic of Healthy Aging, Zurich, Switzerland.,Neuroscience Center Zurich (ZNZ), University of Zurich & ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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22
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Shi M, Li Y, Sun J, Li X, Han Y, Liu Z, Qiu J. Intelligence Correlates with the Temporal Variability of Brain Networks. Neuroscience 2022; 504:56-62. [PMID: 35964835 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2022.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Intelligence is the ability to recognize and understand objective things, and use knowledge and experience to solve problems. Highly intelligent people show the ability to switch between different thought patterns and shift their mental focus. This suggests a link between intelligence and the dynamic interaction of brain networks. Thus, we investigated the relationships between resting-state dynamic brain network remodeling (temporal variability) and scores on the Wechsler Adult Intelligent Scale using a large dataset comprising 606 individuals. We found that performance intelligence was associated with greater temporal variability in the functional connectivity patterns of the dorsal attention network. High variability in these areas indicates flexible connectivity patterns, which may contribute to cognitive processes such as attention selection. In addition, performance intelligence was related to greater temporal variability in the functional connectivity patterns of the salience network. Thus, this study revealed a close relationship between performance intelligence and high variability in brain networks involved in attentional choice, spatial orientation, and cognitive control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manqing Shi
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China; Department of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu Li
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China; Department of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiangzhou Sun
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China; Department of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xinyi Li
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China; Department of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yurong Han
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China; Department of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zeqing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China; Department of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiang Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China; Department of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.
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23
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Lum JAG, Clark GM, Bigelow FJ, Enticott PG. Resting state electroencephalography (EEG) correlates with children's language skills: Evidence from sentence repetition. BRAIN AND LANGUAGE 2022; 230:105137. [PMID: 35576738 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandl.2022.105137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Spontaneous neural oscillatory activity reflects the brain's functional architecture and has previously been shown to correlate with perceptual, motor and executive skills. The current study used resting state electroencephalography to examine the relationship between spontaneous neural oscillatory activity and children's language skills. Participants in the study were 52 English-speaking children aged around 10-years. Language was assessed using a sentence repetition task. The main analysis revealed resting state theta power negatively correlated with this task. No significant correlations were found in the other studied frequency bands (delta, alpha, beta, gamma). As part of typical brain development, spontaneous theta power declines across childhood and adolescence. The negative correlation observed in this study may therefore be indicating children's language skills are related to the maturation of theta oscillations. More generally, the study provides further evidence that oscillatory activity in the developing brain, even at rest, is reliably associated with children's language skills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarrad A G Lum
- School of Psychology, Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.
| | - Gillian M Clark
- School of Psychology, Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Felicity J Bigelow
- School of Psychology, Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Peter G Enticott
- School of Psychology, Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
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24
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Oyefiade A, Moxon-Emre I, Beera K, Bouffet E, Taylor M, Ramaswamy V, Laughlin S, Skocic J, Mabbott D. Structural connectivity and intelligence in brain-injured children. Neuropsychologia 2022; 173:108285. [PMID: 35690116 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2022.108285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In children, higher general intelligence corresponds with better processing speed ability. However, the relationship between structural brain connectivity and processing speed in the context of intelligence is unclear. Furthermore, the impact of brain injury on this relationship is also unknown. Structural networks were constructed for 36 brain tumor patients (mean age: 13.45 ± 2.73, 58% males) and 35 typically developing children (13.30 ± 2.86, 51% males). Processing speed and general intelligence scores were acquired using standard batteries. The relationship between network properties, processing speed, and intelligence was assessed using a partial least squares analysis. Results indicated that structural networks in brain-injured children were less integrated (β = -.38, p = 0.001) and more segregated (β = 0.4, p = 0.0005) compared to typically developing children. There was an indirect effect of network segregation on general intelligence via processing speed, where greater network segregation predicted slower processing speed which in turn predicted worse general intelligence (GoF = 0.37). These findings provide the first evidence of relations between structural connectivity, processing speed, and intelligence in children. Injury-related disruption to the structural network may result in worse intelligence through impacts on information processing. Our findings are discussed in the context of a network approach to understanding brain-behavior relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeoye Oyefiade
- Neurosciences and Mental Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, CANADA; Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, CANADA
| | - Iska Moxon-Emre
- Neurosciences and Mental Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, CANADA
| | - Kiran Beera
- Neurosciences and Mental Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, CANADA
| | - Eric Bouffet
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, CANADA
| | - Michael Taylor
- Division of Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, CANADA
| | - Vijay Ramaswamy
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, CANADA
| | - Suzanne Laughlin
- Division of Radiology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, CANADA
| | - Jovanka Skocic
- Neurosciences and Mental Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, CANADA
| | - Donald Mabbott
- Neurosciences and Mental Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, CANADA; Division of Hematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, CANADA; Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, CANADA.
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25
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A benchmark for prediction of psychiatric multimorbidity from resting EEG data in a large pediatric sample. Neuroimage 2022; 258:119348. [PMID: 35659998 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.119348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Psychiatric disorders are among the most common and debilitating illnesses across the lifespan and begin usually during childhood and adolescence, which emphasizes the importance of studying the developing brain. Most of the previous pediatric neuroimaging studies employed traditional univariate statistics on relatively small samples. Multivariate machine learning approaches have a great potential to overcome the limitations of these approaches. On the other hand, the vast majority of existing multivariate machine learning studies have focused on differentiating between children with an isolated psychiatric disorder and typically developing children. However, this line of research does not reflect the real-life situation as the majority of children with a clinical diagnosis have multiple psychiatric disorders (multimorbidity), and consequently, a clinician has the task to choose between different diagnoses and/or the combination of multiple diagnoses. Thus, the goal of the present benchmark is to predict psychiatric multimorbidity in children and adolescents. For this purpose, we implemented two kinds of machine learning benchmark challenges: The first challenge targets the prediction of the seven most prevalent DSM-V psychiatric diagnoses for the available data set, of which each individual can exhibit multiple ones concurrently (i.e. multi-task multi-label classification). Based on behavioral and cognitive measures, a second challenge focuses on predicting psychiatric symptom severity on a dimensional level (i.e. multiple regression task). For the present benchmark challenges, we will leverage existing and future data from the biobank of the Healthy Brain Network (HBN) initiative, which offers a unique large-sample dataset (N = 2042) that provides a wide array of different psychiatric developmental disorders and true hidden data sets. Due to limited real-world practicability and economic viability of MRI measurements, the present challenge will permit only resting state EEG data and demographic information to derive predictive models. We believe that a community driven effort to derive predictive markers from these data using advanced machine learning algorithms can help to improve the diagnosis of psychiatric developmental disorders.
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26
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Sun Y, Xu Y, Lv J, Liu Y. Self- and Situation-Focused Reappraisal are not homogeneous: Evidence from behavioral and brain networks. Neuropsychologia 2022; 173:108282. [PMID: 35660514 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2022.108282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Reappraisal is an effective emotion regulation strategy which can be divided into self- and situation-focused subtypes. Previous studies have produced inconsistent findings on the moderating effects and neural mechanisms of reappraisal; thus, further research is necessary to clarify these inconsistencies. In this study, a total of 44 participants were recruited and randomly assigned to two groups. 23 participants were assigned to the self-focused group, while 21 participants were assigned to the situation-focused group. The participants' resting EEG data were collected for 6 minutes before the experiment began, followed by an emotional regulation task. During this task, participants were asked to view emotion-provoking images under four emotion regulation conditions (View, Watch, Increase, and Decrease). Late positive potential (LPP) was obtained when these emotional images were observed. LPP is an effective physiological indicator of emotion regulation, enabling this study to explore emotion regulation under different reappraisal strategies, as well as the functional connectivity and node efficiency within the brain. It was found that, in terms of the effect on emotion regulation, situation-focused reappraisal was significantly better than self-focused reappraisal at enhancing the valence of negative emotion, while self-focused reappraisal was significantly better than situation-focused reappraisal at increasing the arousal of negative emotion. In terms of neural mechanisms, multiple brain regions such as the anterior cingulate cortex, the frontal lobe, the parahippocampal gyrus, parts of the temporal lobe, and parts of the parietal lobe were involved in both reappraisal processes. In addition, there were some differences in brain regions associated with different forms of cognitive reappraisal. Self-focused reappraisal was associated with the posterior cingulate gyrus, fusiform gyrus, and lingual gyrus, and situation-focused reappraisal was associated with the parietal lobule, anterior central gyrus, and angular gyrus. In conclusion, this research demonstrates that self- and situation-focused reappraisal are not homogenous in terms of their effects and neural mechanisms and clarifies the uncertainties over their regulatory effects. Different types of reappraisal activate different brain regions when used, and the functional connectivity or node efficiency of these brain regions seems to be a suitable indicator for assessing the effects of different types of reappraisal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Sun
- School of Psychology, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, 116029, China
| | - Yuanyuan Xu
- School of Psychology, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, 116029, China
| | - Jiaojiao Lv
- School of Psychology, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, 116029, China; Department of Psychology, Shanxi Datong University, Datong, 037009, China
| | - Yan Liu
- School of Psychology, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, 116029, China.
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27
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Zhang L, Huang G, Liang Z, Li L, Zhang Z. Estimating scale-free dynamic effective connectivity networks from fMRI using group-wise spatial–temporal regularizations. Neurocomputing 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neucom.2022.02.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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28
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Dissociated brain functional connectivity of fast versus slow frequencies underlying individual differences in fluid intelligence: a DTI and MEG study. Sci Rep 2022; 12:4746. [PMID: 35304521 PMCID: PMC8933399 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-08521-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain network analysis represents a powerful technique to gain insights into the connectivity profile characterizing individuals with different levels of fluid intelligence (Gf). Several studies have used diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and slow-oscillatory resting-state fMRI (rs-fMRI) to examine the anatomical and functional aspects of human brain networks that support intelligence. In this study, we expand this line of research by investigating fast-oscillatory functional networks. We performed graph theory analyses on resting-state magnetoencephalographic (MEG) signal, in addition to structural brain networks from DTI data, comparing degree, modularity and segregation coefficient across the brain of individuals with high versus average Gf scores. Our results show that high Gf individuals have stronger degree and lower segregation coefficient than average Gf participants in a significantly higher number of brain areas with regards to structural connectivity and to the slower frequency bands of functional connectivity. The opposite result was observed for higher-frequency (gamma) functional networks, with higher Gf individuals showing lower degree and higher segregation across the brain. We suggest that gamma oscillations in more intelligent individuals might support higher local processing in segregated subnetworks, while slower frequency bands would allow a more effective information transfer between brain subnetworks, and stronger information integration.
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29
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Gregorich M, Melograna F, Sunqvist M, Michiels S, Van Steen K, Heinze G. Individual-specific networks for prediction modelling – A scoping review of methods. BMC Med Res Methodol 2022; 22:62. [PMID: 35249534 PMCID: PMC8898441 DOI: 10.1186/s12874-022-01544-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recent advances in biotechnology enable the acquisition of high-dimensional data on individuals, posing challenges for prediction models which traditionally use covariates such as clinical patient characteristics. Alternative forms of covariate representations for the features derived from these modern data modalities should be considered that can utilize their intrinsic interconnection. The connectivity information between these features can be represented as an individual-specific network defined by a set of nodes and edges, the strength of which can vary from individual to individual. Global or local graph-theoretical features describing the network may constitute potential prognostic biomarkers instead of or in addition to traditional covariates and may replace the often unsuccessful search for individual biomarkers in a high-dimensional predictor space. Methods We conducted a scoping review to identify, collate and critically appraise the state-of-art in the use of individual-specific networks for prediction modelling in medicine and applied health research, published during 2000–2020 in the electronic databases PubMed, Scopus and Embase. Results Our scoping review revealed the main application areas namely neurology and pathopsychology, followed by cancer research, cardiology and pathology (N = 148). Network construction was mainly based on Pearson correlation coefficients of repeated measurements, but also alternative approaches (e.g. partial correlation, visibility graphs) were found. For covariates measured only once per individual, network construction was mostly based on quantifying an individual’s contribution to the overall group-level structure. Despite the multitude of identified methodological approaches for individual-specific network inference, the number of studies that were intended to enable the prediction of clinical outcomes for future individuals was quite limited, and most of the models served as proof of concept that network characteristics can in principle be useful for prediction. Conclusion The current body of research clearly demonstrates the value of individual-specific network analysis for prediction modelling, but it has not yet been considered as a general tool outside the current areas of application. More methodological research is still needed on well-founded strategies for network inference, especially on adequate network sparsification and outcome-guided graph-theoretical feature extraction and selection, and on how networks can be exploited efficiently for prediction modelling. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12874-022-01544-6.
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30
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Arif Y, Spooner RK, Heinrichs-Graham E, Wilson TW. High-definition transcranial direct current stimulation modulates performance and alpha/beta parieto-frontal connectivity serving fluid intelligence. J Physiol 2021; 599:5451-5463. [PMID: 34783045 DOI: 10.1113/jp282387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Fluid intelligence (Gƒ) includes logical reasoning abilities and is an essential component of normative cognition. Despite the broad consensus that parieto-prefrontal connectivity is critical for Gƒ (e.g. the parieto-frontal integration theory of intelligence, P-FIT), the dynamics of such functional connectivity during logical reasoning remains poorly understood. Further, given the known importance of these brain regions for Gƒ, numerous studies have targeted one or both of these areas with non-invasive stimulation with the goal of improving Gƒ, but to date there remains little consensus on the overall stimulation-related effects. To examine this, we applied high-definition direct current anodal stimulation to the left and right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) of 24 healthy adults for 20 min in three separate sessions (sham, left, and right active). Following stimulation, participants completed a logical reasoning task during magnetoencephalography (MEG). Significant neural responses at the sensor-level were imaged using a beamformer, and peak task-induced activity was subjected to dynamic functional connectivity analyses to evaluate the impact of distinct stimulation montages on network activity. We found that participants responded faster following right DLPFC stimulation vs. sham. Moreover, our neural findings followed a similar trajectory of effects such that left parieto-frontal connectivity decreased following right and left DLPFC stimulation compared to sham, with connectivity following right stimulation being significantly correlated with the faster reaction times. Importantly, our findings are consistent with P-FIT, as well as the neural efficiency hypothesis (NEH) of intelligence. In sum, this study provides evidence for beneficial effects of right DLPFC stimulation on logical reasoning. KEY POINTS: Logical reasoning is an indispensable component of fluid intelligence and involves multispectral oscillatory activity in parietal and frontal regions. Parieto-frontal integration is well characterized in logical reasoning; however, its direct neural quantification and neuromodulation by brain stimulation remain poorly understood. High-definition transcranial direct current stimulation of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) had modulatory effects on task performance and neural interactions serving logical reasoning, with right stimulation showing beneficial effects. Right DLPFC stimulation led to a decrease in the response time (i.e. better task performance) and left parieto-frontal connectivity with a marginal positive association between behavioural and neural metrics. Other modes of targeted stimulation of DLPFC (e.g. frequency-specific) can be employed in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasra Arif
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Omaha, NE, USA.,Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences (Neuroscience), University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Rachel K Spooner
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Omaha, NE, USA.,Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences (Neuroscience), University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | | | - Tony W Wilson
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Omaha, NE, USA
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31
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Hilger K, Markett S. Personality network neuroscience: Promises and challenges on the way toward a unifying framework of individual variability. Netw Neurosci 2021; 5:631-645. [PMID: 34746620 PMCID: PMC8567832 DOI: 10.1162/netn_a_00198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We propose that the application of network theory to established psychological personality conceptions has great potential to advance a biologically plausible model of human personality. Stable behavioral tendencies are conceived as personality “traits.” Such traits demonstrate considerable variability between individuals, and extreme expressions represent risk factors for psychological disorders. Although the psychometric assessment of personality has more than hundred years tradition, it is not yet clear whether traits indeed represent “biophysical entities” with specific and dissociable neural substrates. For instance, it is an open question whether there exists a correspondence between the multilayer structure of psychometrically derived personality factors and the organizational properties of traitlike brain systems. After a short introduction into fundamental personality conceptions, this article will point out how network neuroscience can enhance our understanding about human personality. We will examine the importance of intrinsic (task-independent) brain connectivity networks and show means to link brain features to stable behavioral tendencies. Questions and challenges arising from each discipline itself and their combination are discussed and potential solutions are developed. We close by outlining future trends and by discussing how further developments of network neuroscience can be applied to personality research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten Hilger
- Department of Psychology I, Julius-Maximilians University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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32
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Conflict-Related Brain Activity after Individualized Cognitive Training in Preschoolers from Poor Homes. JOURNAL OF COGNITIVE ENHANCEMENT 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s41465-021-00223-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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33
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Recent developments, current challenges, and future directions in electrophysiological approaches to studying intelligence. INTELLIGENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intell.2021.101569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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34
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LUO SONG, CHEN RUI, YANG ZHENGTING, LI KUN. INTELLIGENCE LEVEL MIGHT BE PREDICTED BY THE CHARACTERISTICS OF EEG SIGNALS AT SPECIFIC FREQUENCIES AND BRAIN REGIONS. J MECH MED BIOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1142/s0219519421400479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The total energy the brain consumed and the intensities of information flows across different brain regions in an intellectual activity may help to explain an individual’s intelligence level. To verify this assumption, 43 students aged 18–25 were recruited as the research subjects. Their intelligence quotients (IQ) were scored by using Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS), while their electroencephalogram (EEG) signals were recorded simultaneously by using Neuroscan system. The total energy and distribution patterns of EEG signals were acquired in Curry 8.0. The intensities of information flow across different brain regions were measured by Phase Slope Index (PSI). 20 channels and 190 channel combinations were selected for data analysis. The results show that the IQ score negatively correlates to the EEG energy and positively correlates to the intensities of information flows at specific frequency bands in specific channel pairs, especially in some long distance (18–24[Formula: see text]cm) channel pairs.
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Affiliation(s)
- SONG LUO
- School of Life Sciences, Guizhou Normal University Guiyang 550025, P. R. China
| | - RUI CHEN
- School of Life Sciences, Guizhou Normal University Guiyang 550025, P. R. China
| | - ZHENGTING YANG
- School of Life Sciences, Guizhou Normal University Guiyang 550025, P. R. China
| | - KUN LI
- School of Life Sciences, Guizhou Normal University Guiyang 550025, P. R. China
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35
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Directed Connectivity Analysis of the Brain Network in Mathematically Gifted Adolescents. COMPUTATIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND NEUROSCIENCE 2021; 2020:4209321. [PMID: 32908474 PMCID: PMC7474739 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4209321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The neurocognitive characteristics of mathematically gifted adolescents are characterized by highly developed functional interactions between the right hemisphere and excellent cognitive control of the prefrontal cortex, enhanced frontoparietal cortex, and posterior parietal cortex. However, it is still unclear when and how these cortical interactions occur. In this paper, we used directional coherence analysis based on Granger causality to study the interactions between the frontal brain area and the posterior brain area in the mathematical frontoparietal network system during deductive reasoning tasks. Specifically, the scalp electroencephalography (EEG) signal was first converted into a cortical dipole source signal to construct a Granger causality network over the θ-band and γ-band ranges. We constructed the binary Granger causality network at the 40 pairs of cortical nodes in the frontal lobe and parietal lobe across the θ-band and the γ-band, which were selected as regions of interest (ROI). We then used graph theory to analyze the network differences. It was found that, in the process of reasoning tasks, the frontoparietal regions of the mathematically gifted show stronger working memory information processing at the θ-band. Additionally, in the middle and late stages of the conclusion period, the mathematically talented individuals have less information flow in the anterior and posterior parietal regions of the brain than the normal subjects. We draw the conclusion that the mathematically gifted brain frontoparietal network appears to have more “automated” information processing during reasoning tasks.
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36
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Pan G, Xiao L, Bai Y, Wilson TW, Stephen JM, Calhoun VD, Wang YP. Multiview Diffusion Map Improves Prediction of Fluid Intelligence With Two Paradigms of fMRI Analysis. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2021; 68:2529-2539. [PMID: 33382644 DOI: 10.1109/tbme.2020.3048594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To understand the association between brain networks and behaviors of an individual, most studies build predictive models based on functional connectivity (FC) from a single dataset with linear analysis techniques. Such approaches may fail to capture the nonlinear structure of brain networks and neglect the complementary information contained in FC networks (FCNs) from multiple datasets. To address this challenging issue, we use multiview dimensionality reduction to extract a coherent low-dimensional representation of the FCNs from resting-state and emotion identification task-based functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) datasets. METHODS We propose a scheme based on multiview diffusion map to extract intrinsic features while preserving the underlying geometric structure of high dimensional datasets. This method is robust to noise and small variations in the data. RESULTS After validation on the Philadelphia Neurodevelopmental Cohort data, the predictive model built from both resting-state and emotion identification task-based fMRI datasets outperforms the one using each individual fMRI dataset. In addition, the proposed model achieves better prediction performance than principal component analysis (PCA) and three other competing data fusion methods. CONCLUSION Our framework for combing multiple FCNs in one predictive model exhibits improved prediction performance. SIGNIFICANCE To our knowledge, we demonstrate a first application of multiview diffusion map to successfully fuse different types of fMRI data for predicting fluid intelligence (gF).
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Hatlestad-Hall C, Bruña R, Erichsen A, Andersson V, Syvertsen MR, Skogan AH, Renvall H, Marra C, Maestú F, Heuser K, Taubøll E, Solbakk AK, Haraldsen IH. The organization of functional neurocognitive networks in focal epilepsy correlates with domain-specific cognitive performance. J Neurosci Res 2021; 99:2669-2687. [PMID: 34173259 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Understanding and diagnosing cognitive impairment in epilepsy remains a prominent challenge. New etiological models suggest that cognitive difficulties might not be directly linked to seizure activity, but are rather a manifestation of a broader brain pathology. Consequently, treating seizures is not sufficient to alleviate cognitive symptoms, highlighting the need for novel diagnostic tools. Here, we investigated whether the organization of three intrinsic, resting-state functional connectivity networks was correlated with domain-specific cognitive test performance. Using individualized EEG source reconstruction and graph theory, we examined the association between network small worldness and cognitive test performance in 23 patients with focal epilepsy and 17 healthy controls, who underwent a series of standardized pencil-and-paper and digital cognitive tests. We observed that the specific networks robustly correlated with test performance in distinct cognitive domains. Specifically, correlations were evident between the default mode network and memory in patients, the central-executive network and executive functioning in controls, and the salience network and social cognition in both groups. Interestingly, the correlations were evident in both groups, but in different domains, suggesting an alteration in these functional neurocognitive networks in focal epilepsy. The present findings highlight the potential clinical relevance of functional brain network dysfunction in cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ricardo Bruña
- Center for Biomedical Technology, Technical University of Madrid, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Spain.,Department of Experimental Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Spain.,Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Aksel Erichsen
- Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Marte Roa Syvertsen
- Department of Neurology, Drammen Hospital, Vestre Viken Health Care Trust, Drammen, Norway
| | - Annette Holth Skogan
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, National Centre for Epilepsy, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Hanna Renvall
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University, Helsinki, Finland.,BioMag Laboratory, HUS Diagnostic Center, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki and Aalto, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Camillo Marra
- Department of Neuroscience, Fondazione Policlinico Agostino Gemelli, Rome, Italy
| | - Fernando Maestú
- Center for Biomedical Technology, Technical University of Madrid, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Spain.,Department of Experimental Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Spain.,Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Kjell Heuser
- Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Erik Taubøll
- Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anne-Kristin Solbakk
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,RITMO Centre for Interdisciplinary Studies in Rhythm, Time and Motion, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Neurosurgery, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Neuropsychology, Helgeland Hospital, Mosjøen, Norway
| | - Ira H Haraldsen
- Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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Fochesatto CF, Gaya ACA, Cristi-Montero C, Brand C, Dias AF, Ruschel Bandeira D, Marasca AR, Gaya AR. Association between physical fitness components and fluid intelligence according to body mass index in schoolchildren. APPLIED NEUROPSYCHOLOGY-CHILD 2021; 11:640-646. [PMID: 34043918 DOI: 10.1080/21622965.2021.1924718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Physical fitness is considered a protective factor for children's general health and has been related to enhanced cognitive functioning. However, it appears that cognition could be affected in children with overweight or obesity. The present study aimed to determine the relationship between physical fitness components and fluid intelligence in normal-weight and overweight/obese children. In this cross-sectional study, a total of 317 schoolchildren participated (165 boys, 52.05%), aged between six and 11 years old (1st to 5th grade), belonging to a public school in the south of Brazil. Psychologists evaluated fluid intelligence through the Raven's Colored Progressive Matrix Test. The physical fitness evaluation followed the procedures of the "Brazil Sports Project". Weight and height were measured to determine body mass index and generalized linear regression analyses were used with a 95% confidence interval. Our results showed that agility was inversely associated with fluid intelligence only in the overweight/obese group (β = -1.506; p = 0.01). Cardiorespiratory and muscular fitness were not associated with fluid intelligence. In conclusion, agility was the only physical fitness component related to fluid intelligence, and this relationship was found exclusively in overweight/obese schoolchildren.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Felin Fochesatto
- School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Adroaldo Cezar Araujo Gaya
- School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Carlos Cristi-Montero
- School of Physical Education, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaiso, Chile
| | - Caroline Brand
- Post-graduation Program in Health Promotion, Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul, Santa Cruz do Sul, Brazil
| | - Arieli Fernandes Dias
- School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Denise Ruschel Bandeira
- Post-graduation Program in Psychology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Aline Riboli Marasca
- Post-graduation Program in Psychology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Anelise Reis Gaya
- School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Shi J, Teng J, Du X, Li N. Multi-Modal Analysis of Resting-State fMRI Data in mTBI Patients and Association With Neuropsychological Outcomes. Front Neurol 2021; 12:639760. [PMID: 34079510 PMCID: PMC8165539 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.639760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Various cognitive disorders have been reported for mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) patients during the acute stage. This acute stage provides an opportunity for clinicians to optimize treatment protocols, which are based on the evaluation of brain structural connectivity. So far, most brain functional magnetic resonance imaging studies are focused on moderate to severe traumatic brain injuries (TBIs). In this study, we prospectively collected resting state data on 50 mTBI within 3 days of injury and 50 healthy volunteers and analyzed them using Amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF), Regional Homogeneity (ReHo), graph theory methods and behavior measure, to explore the dysfunctional brain regions in acute mTBI. In our study, a total of 50 patients suffering <3 days mTBI and 50 healthy subjects were tested in rs-fMRI, as well as under neuropsychological examinations including the Wechsler Intelligence Scale and Stroop Color and Word Test. The correlation analysis was conducted between graph theoretic parameters and neuropsychological results. For the mTBI group, the ReHo of the inferior temporal gyrus and the cerebellum superior are significantly lower than in the control group, and the ALFF of the left insula, the cerebellum inferior, and the middle occipital gyrus were significantly higher than in the control group, which implies the dysfunctionality usually observed in Parkinson's disease. Executive function disorder was significantly correlated with the global efficiencies of the dorsolateral superior frontal gyrus and the anterior cingulate cortex, which is consistent with the literature: the acute mTBI patients demonstrate abnormality in terms of motor speed, association, information processing speed, attention, and short-term memory function. Correlation analysis between the neuropsychological outcomes and the network efficiency for the mTBI group indicates that executive dysfunction might be caused by local brain changes. Our data support the idea that the cerebral internal network has compensatory reactions in response to sudden pathological and neurophysiological changes. In the future, multimode rs-fMRI analysis could be a valuable tool for evaluating dysfunctional brain regions after mTBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Shi
- Department of Spine Surgury, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jing Teng
- School of Control and Computer Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, China
| | - Xianping Du
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, United States
| | - Na Li
- Department of Radiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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40
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Is there a “g-neuron”? Establishing a systematic link between general intelligence (g) and the von Economo neuron. INTELLIGENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intell.2021.101540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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41
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Hatlestad-Hall C, Bruña R, Syvertsen MR, Erichsen A, Andersson V, Vecchio F, Miraglia F, Rossini PM, Renvall H, Taubøll E, Maestú F, Haraldsen IH. Source-level EEG and graph theory reveal widespread functional network alterations in focal epilepsy. Clin Neurophysiol 2021; 132:1663-1676. [PMID: 34044189 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2021.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The hypersynchronous neuronal activity associated with epilepsy causes widespread functional network disruptions extending beyond the epileptogenic zone. This altered network topology is considered a mediator for non-seizure symptoms, such as cognitive impairment. The aim of this study was to investigate functional network alterations in focal epilepsy patients with good seizure control and high quality of life. METHODS We compared twenty-two focal epilepsy patients and sixteen healthy controls on graph metrics derived from functional connectivity of source-level resting-state EEG. Graph metrics were calculated over a range of network densities in five frequency bands. RESULTS We observed a significantly increased small world index in patients relative to controls. On the local level, two left-hemisphere regions displayed a shift towards greater alpha band "hubness". The findings were not mediated by age, sex or education, nor by age of epilepsy onset, duration or focus lateralisation. CONCLUSIONS Widespread functional network alterations are evident in focal epilepsy, even in a cohort characterised by successful anti-seizure medication therapy and high quality of life. These findings might support the position that functional network analysis could hold clinical relevance for epilepsy. SIGNIFICANCE Focal epilepsy is accompanied by global and local functional network aberrancies which might be implied in the sustenance of non-seizure symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ricardo Bruña
- Center for Biomedical Technology, Technical University of Madrid, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Spain; Department of Experimental Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Spain; Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Marte Roa Syvertsen
- Department of Neurology, Drammen Hospital, Vestre Viken Health Care Trust, Drammen, Norway.
| | - Aksel Erichsen
- Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
| | | | - Fabrizio Vecchio
- Brain Connectivity Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience and Neurorehabilitation, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy.
| | - Francesca Miraglia
- Brain Connectivity Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience and Neurorehabilitation, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy.
| | - Paolo M Rossini
- Brain Connectivity Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience and Neurorehabilitation, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy.
| | - Hanna Renvall
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland; BioMag Laboratory, HUS Diagnostic Center, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki and Aalto University School of Science, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Erik Taubøll
- Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Fernando Maestú
- Center for Biomedical Technology, Technical University of Madrid, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Spain; Department of Experimental Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Spain; Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Ira H Haraldsen
- Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
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Santarnecchi E, Momi D, Mencarelli L, Plessow F, Saxena S, Rossi S, Rossi A, Mathan S, Pascual-Leone A. Overlapping and dissociable brain activations for fluid intelligence and executive functions. COGNITIVE, AFFECTIVE & BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE 2021; 21:327-346. [PMID: 33900569 PMCID: PMC9094637 DOI: 10.3758/s13415-021-00870-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Cognitive enhancement interventions aimed at boosting human fluid intelligence (gf) have targeted executive functions (EFs), such as updating, inhibition, and switching, in the context of transfer-inducing cognitive training. However, even though the link between EFs and gf has been demonstrated at the psychometric level, their neurofunctional overlap has not been quantitatively investigated. Identifying whether and how EFs and gf might share neural activation patterns could provide important insights into the overall hierarchical organization of human higher-order cognition, as well as suggest specific targets for interventions aimed at maximizing cognitive transfer. We present the results of a quantitative meta-analysis of the available fMRI and PET literature on EFs and gf in humans, showing the similarity between gf and (i) the overall global EF network, as well as (ii) specific maps for updating, switching, and inhibition. Results highlight a higher degree of similarity between gf and updating (80% overlap) compared with gf and inhibition (34%), and gf and switching (17%). Moreover, three brain regions activated for both gf and each of the three EFs also were identified, located in the left middle frontal gyrus, left inferior parietal lobule, and anterior cingulate cortex. Finally, resting-state functional connectivity analysis on two independent fMRI datasets showed the preferential behavioural correlation and anatomical overlap between updating and gf. These findings confirm a close link between gf and EFs, with implications for brain stimulation and cognitive training interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emiliano Santarnecchi
- Berenson-Allen Center for Non-Invasive Brain Stimulation, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Neurology, Unit of Cognitive Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Davide Momi
- Berenson-Allen Center for Non-Invasive Brain Stimulation, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Neurology, Unit of Cognitive Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Siena Brain Investigation & Neuromodulation Lab (Si-BIN Lab), Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology Section, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Lucia Mencarelli
- Siena Brain Investigation & Neuromodulation Lab (Si-BIN Lab), Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology Section, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Franziska Plessow
- Berenson-Allen Center for Non-Invasive Brain Stimulation, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Neurology, Unit of Cognitive Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Neuroendocrine Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sadhvi Saxena
- Berenson-Allen Center for Non-Invasive Brain Stimulation, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Neurology, Unit of Cognitive Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Simone Rossi
- Siena Brain Investigation & Neuromodulation Lab (Si-BIN Lab), Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology Section, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
- Siena Robotics and Systems Lab (SIRS-Lab), Engineering and Mathematics Department, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
- Human Physiology Section, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Alessandro Rossi
- Siena Brain Investigation & Neuromodulation Lab (Si-BIN Lab), Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology Section, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
- Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience Department, University of Siena School of Medicine, Siena, Italy
| | | | - Alvaro Pascual-Leone
- Berenson-Allen Center for Non-Invasive Brain Stimulation, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Neurology, Unit of Cognitive Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Wang C, Song S, d'Oleire Uquillas F, Zilverstand A, Song H, Chen H, Zou Z. Altered brain network organization in romantic love as measured with resting-state fMRI and graph theory. Brain Imaging Behav 2021; 14:2771-2784. [PMID: 31898089 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-019-00226-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Romantic love is a complex state that has been seen as similar to addiction. Previous task-based functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies have shown that being in love is closely associated with functional brain changes in the reward and motivation system. However, romantic love-related functional connectivity network organization in resting-state fMRI has yet to be elucidated. To that end, here we used resting-state fMRI and graph theory to compare whole-brain functional network topology between an "in-love" group (n = 34, 16 females, currently in love and in a romantic relationship) and a "single" group (n = 32, 14 females, never in love and not in a romantic relationship). Compared to the single group, we found lower network segregation in the love group (i.e., lower small-worldness, mean clustering coefficient, and modularity), and these metrics were negatively associated with scores on the Passionate Love Scale (PLS) (an index of intense passionate/romantic love). Additionally, the love group displayed altered connectivity degree (reflecting the importance of a node): decreased degree in left angular gyrus and left medial orbitofrontal cortex, but increased degree in left fusiform gyrus. Furthermore, local efficiency or degree of these regions was significantly correlated to PLS scores. Taken together, results showed decreased overall brain functional segregation but enhanced emotional-social processing in romantic lovers. These findings provide the first evidence of love-related brain network organization changes and suggest similar but different brain network alterations between romantic love and addiction, providing new insights on the neural systems underlying romantic love.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Wang
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Sensen Song
- Department of Psychology, School of Humanities, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | | | - Anna Zilverstand
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55414, USA
| | - Hongwen Song
- School of Humanities and Social Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Hong Chen
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
| | - Zhiling Zou
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
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Harper J, Liu M, Malone SM, McGue M, Iacono WG, Vrieze SI. Using multivariate endophenotypes to identify psychophysiological mechanisms associated with polygenic scores for substance use, schizophrenia, and education attainment. Psychol Med 2021; 52:1-11. [PMID: 33731234 PMCID: PMC8448784 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291721000763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To better characterize brain-based mechanisms of polygenic liability for psychopathology and psychological traits, we extended our previous report (Liu et al. Psychophysiological endophenotypes to characterize mechanisms of known schizophrenia genetic loci. Psychological Medicine, 2017), focused solely on schizophrenia, to test the association between multivariate psychophysiological candidate endophenotypes (including novel measures of θ/δ oscillatory activity) and a range of polygenic scores (PGSs), namely alcohol/cannabis/nicotine use, an updated schizophrenia PGS (containing 52 more genome-wide significant loci than the PGS used in our previous report) and educational attainment. METHOD A large community-based twin/family sample (N = 4893) was genome-wide genotyped and imputed. PGSs were constructed for alcohol use, regular smoking initiation, lifetime cannabis use, schizophrenia, and educational attainment. Eleven endophenotypes were assessed: visual oddball task event-related electroencephalogram (EEG) measures (target-related parietal P3 amplitude, frontal θ, and parietal δ energy/inter-trial phase clustering), band-limited resting-state EEG power, antisaccade error rate. Principal component analysis exploited covariation among endophenotypes to extract a smaller number of meaningful dimensions/components for statistical analysis. RESULTS Endophenotypes were heritable. PGSs showed expected intercorrelations (e.g. schizophrenia PGS correlated positively with alcohol/nicotine/cannabis PGSs). Schizophrenia PGS was negatively associated with an event-related P3/δ component [β = -0.032, nonparametric bootstrap 95% confidence interval (CI) -0.059 to -0.003]. A prefrontal control component (event-related θ/antisaccade errors) was negatively associated with alcohol (β = -0.034, 95% CI -0.063 to -0.006) and regular smoking PGSs (β = -0.032, 95% CI -0.061 to -0.005) and positively associated with educational attainment PGS (β = 0.031, 95% CI 0.003-0.058). CONCLUSIONS Evidence suggests that multivariate endophenotypes of decision-making (P3/δ) and cognitive/attentional control (θ/antisaccade error) relate to alcohol/nicotine, schizophrenia, and educational attainment PGSs and represent promising targets for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy Harper
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, MN, USA
| | - Mengzhen Liu
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, MN, USA
| | - Stephen M. Malone
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, MN, USA
| | - Matt McGue
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, MN, USA
| | - William G. Iacono
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, MN, USA
| | - Scott I. Vrieze
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, MN, USA
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Koberda JL. QEEG as a Useful Tool for the Evaluation of Early Cognitive Changes in Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury. Clin EEG Neurosci 2021; 52:119-125. [PMID: 32391721 DOI: 10.1177/1550059420914816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Quantitative electroencephalography (QEEG)-electrical neuroimaging has been underutilized in general neurology practice. Recent advances in computer technology have made this electrophysiological testing relatively inexpensive as well as precise in identifying brain areas with electrical dysfunction related to either traumatic injury or neurodegenerative process. In this article, the author presents 2 cases that can be frequently encountered in every general neurological practice: case of early dementia and traumatic brain injury. The clinical usefulness of QEEG is demonstrated by showing evidence of electrical abnormalities and networks dysfunctions (including an elevation of frontal/temporal delta and theta powers as well as abnormalities in functional connectivity). In addition, the correlation of QEEG and findings from structural imaging technique-magnetic resonance imaging diffusion tensor imaging and another functional imaging-positron emission tomography is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Lucas Koberda
- Neurology, PL/Brain Enhancement Inc, TNBC, Tallahassee, FL, USA
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Faustino B. Neurocognition applied to psychotherapy: A brief theoretical proposal based on the complex neural network perspective. APPLIED NEUROPSYCHOLOGY-ADULT 2021; 29:1626-1633. [PMID: 33645346 DOI: 10.1080/23279095.2021.1883615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Impairments on executive functions, attention, memory, and self-perception had been systematically associated and document across several psychological disorders. Individuals with anxiety, depression, and schizophrenia spectrum disorders tend to manifest difficulties in response modulation/inhibition, cognitive flexibility, selective attention, updating autobiographical memory patterns, and maintenance in the sense of self and boundaries of others. Difficulties in cognitive, emotional, behavioral, and interpersonal functions in intrapsychic and interpsychic mental domains may be theoretically related to the maladaptive functioning of several neural networks. Frontal-Parietal Executive Network (FPEN), Salience Network (SN), Amygdaloid-Hippocampal Memory Network (AHMN), and Default Mode-Network (DMN) are four major complex neural pathways associated with these neurocognitive processes, sharing some neuroanatomical elements. These shared elements may support a latent factor that accounts for the common neurocognitive symptomatology across several psychopathological conditions. Based on these preliminary observations a new theoretical neurocognitive syndrome is hypothesized, potentially a productive target for clinical case conceptualization. Several articulations bettween neurocognition and psychotherapy are discussed and a new assessment measure is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Faustino
- Faculdade de Psicologia, Universidade de Lisboa, Alameda da Universidade, Lisboa, Portugal
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47
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Li C, Qiao K, Mu Y, Jiang L. Large-Scale Morphological Network Efficiency of Human Brain: Cognitive Intelligence and Emotional Intelligence. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:605158. [PMID: 33732136 PMCID: PMC7959829 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.605158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Network efficiency characterizes how information flows within a network, and it has been used to study the neural basis of cognitive intelligence in adolescence, young adults, and elderly adults, in terms of the white matter in the human brain and functional connectivity networks. However, there were few studies investigating whether the human brain at different ages exhibited different underpins of cognitive and emotional intelligence (EI) from young adults to the middle-aged group, especially in terms of the morphological similarity networks in the human brain. In this study, we used 65 datasets (aging 18–64), including sMRI and behavioral measurements, to study the associations of network efficiency with cognitive intelligence and EI in young adults and the middle-aged group. We proposed a new method of defining the human brain morphological networks using the morphological distribution similarity (including cortical volume, surface area, and thickness). Our results showed inverted age × network efficiency interactions in the relationship of surface-area network efficiency with cognitive intelligence and EI: a negative age × global efficiency (nodal efficiency) interaction in cognitive intelligence, while a positive age × global efficiency (nodal efficiency) interaction in EI. In summary, this study not only proposed a new method of morphological similarity network but also emphasized the developmental effects on the brain mechanisms of intelligence from young adult to middle-aged groups and may promote mental health study on the middle-aged group in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunlin Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China.,Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kaini Qiao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China.,Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Mu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China.,Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lili Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China.,Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Songjiang L, Tijiang Z, Heng L, Wenjing Z, Bo T, Ganjun S, Maoqiang T, Su L. Impact of Brain Functional Network Properties on Intelligence in Children and Adolescents with Focal Epilepsy: A Resting-state MRI Study. Acad Radiol 2021; 28:225-232. [PMID: 32037257 DOI: 10.1016/j.acra.2020.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVE Epilepsy is a common pediatric disease that often leads to cognitive and intellectual impairments. Here, we explore the reorganized functional networks in children and adolescents with focal epilepsy (CAFE) and analyze the relationship between network reorganization and intellectual deficits to reveal the underlying link between them. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty-four CAFE (6-16 years old; right-handed) and 42 well-matched healthy controls were recruited. Subjects underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging, and functional networks were analyzed by graph analysis. Intelligence testing (Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Chinese revision) included measures for verbal IQ (VIQ), performance IQ, and full-scale IQ. RESULTS (1) In the CAFE compared with the healthy controls, (a) the local efficiency, clustering coefficient and standardized clustering coefficient were significantly decreased (p < 0.05); (b) the degree centrality and nodal efficiency of the left precentral gyrus (LPG) were significantly increased (p < 0.05, Bonferroni correction), and the nodal shortest path length was significantly decreased (p < 0.05, Bonferroni correction); and (c) functional connectivity of the LPG with the bilateral inferior frontal ventral gyrus, right lateral superior occipital gyrus, left middle occipital gyrus, bilateral superior parietal lobule, right anterior prefrontal cortex, and bilateral cerebellum was enhanced (p < 0.05,GRF correction), while functional connectivity with the bilateral superior temporal gyrus was decreased (p < 0.05, GRF correction). (2) The nodal shortest path length of the LPG in CAFE was associated with full-scale IQ, performance IQ, and VIQ, and local efficiency was associated with VIQ. CONCLUSION Our results showed that the middle LPG in CAFE undergoes network reorganization that positively influences intelligence. Differences in local efficiency of functional networks in children and early adolescents have a significant effect on intelligence.
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Arithmetic success and gender-based characterization of brain connectivity across EEG bands. Biomed Signal Process Control 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bspc.2020.102222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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50
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Jiang L, Qiao K, Li C. Distance-based functional criticality in the human brain: intelligence and emotional intelligence. BMC Bioinformatics 2021; 22:32. [PMID: 33499802 PMCID: PMC7836498 DOI: 10.1186/s12859-021-03973-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Anatomical distance has been identified as a key factor in the organizational principles of the human brain. On the other hand, criticality was proposed to accommodate the multiscale properties of human brain dynamics, and functional criticality based on resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rfMRI) is a sensitive neuroimaging marker for human brain dynamics. Hence, to explore the effects of anatomical distance of the human brain on behaviors in terms of functional criticality, we proposed a revised algorithm of functional criticality called the distance-based vertex-wise index of functional criticality, and assessed this algorithm compared with the original neighborhood-based functional criticality. Results We recruited two groups of healthy participants, including young adults and middle-aged participants, for a total of 60 datasets including rfMRI and intelligence as well as emotional intelligence to study how human brain functional criticalities at different spatial scales contribute to individual behaviors. Furthermore, we defined the average distance between the particular behavioral map and vertices with significant functional connectivity as connectivity distance. Our results demonstrated that intelligence and emotional intelligence mapped to different brain regions at different ages. Additionally, intelligence was related to a wider distance range compared to emotional intelligence. Conclusions For different age groups, our findings not only provided a linkage between intelligence/emotional intelligence and functional criticality but also quantitatively characterized individual behaviors in terms of anatomical distance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China. .,Lifespan Connectomics and Behavior Team, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. .,Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijingshan, Beijing, China. .,Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 16 Lincui Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Kaini Qiao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China.,Lifespan Connectomics and Behavior Team, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijingshan, Beijing, China
| | - Chunlin Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China.,Lifespan Connectomics and Behavior Team, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijingshan, Beijing, China
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