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Li Y, Munoz-Mayorga D, Nie Y, Kang N, Tao Y, Lagerwall J, Pernaci C, Curtin G, Coufal NG, Mertens J, Shi L, Chen X. Microglial lipid droplet accumulation in tauopathy brain is regulated by neuronal AMPK. Cell Metab 2024; 36:1351-1370.e8. [PMID: 38657612 PMCID: PMC11153007 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2024.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
The accumulation of lipid droplets (LDs) in aging and Alzheimer's disease brains is considered a pathological phenomenon with unresolved cellular and molecular mechanisms. Utilizing stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) microscopy, we observed significant in situ LD accumulation in microglia of tauopathy mouse brains. SRS imaging, combined with deuterium oxide (D2O) labeling, revealed heightened lipogenesis and impaired lipid turnover within LDs in tauopathy fly brains and human neurons derived from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Transfer of unsaturated lipids from tauopathy iPSC neurons to microglia induced LD accumulation, oxidative stress, inflammation, and impaired phagocytosis. Neuronal AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) inhibits lipogenesis and promotes lipophagy in neurons, thereby reducing lipid flux to microglia. AMPK depletion in prodromal tauopathy mice increased LD accumulation, exacerbated pro-inflammatory microgliosis, and promoted neuropathology. Our findings provide direct evidence of native, aberrant LD accumulation in tauopathy brains and underscore the critical role of AMPK in regulating brain lipid homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajuan Li
- Shu Chien-Gene Lay Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Daniel Munoz-Mayorga
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Yuhang Nie
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Ningxin Kang
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Yuren Tao
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Jessica Lagerwall
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Carla Pernaci
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA; Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Genevieve Curtin
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA; Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Nicole G Coufal
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA; Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Jerome Mertens
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Lingyan Shi
- Shu Chien-Gene Lay Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA.
| | - Xu Chen
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA.
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2
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Jung E, Baek EB, Hong EJ, Kang JH, Park S, Park S, Hong EJ, Cho YE, Ko JW, Won YS, Kwon HJ. TXNIP in liver sinusoidal endothelial cells ameliorates alcohol-associated liver disease via nitric oxide production. Int J Biol Sci 2024; 20:606-620. [PMID: 38169654 PMCID: PMC10758096 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.90781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of liver sinusoidal endothelial cell (LSEC) differentiation and function has been reported in alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD). Impaired nitric oxide (NO) production stimulates LSEC capillarization and dysfunction; however, the mechanism underlying NO production remains unclear. Here, we investigated the role of thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP), an important regulator of redox homeostasis, in endothelial cell NO production and its subsequent effects on ALD progression. We found that hepatic TXNIP expression was upregulated in patients with ALD and in ethanol diet-fed mice with high expression in LSECs. Endothelial cell-specific Txnip deficiency (TxnipΔEC) in mice exacerbated alcohol-induced liver injury, inflammation, fibrosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma development. Deletion of Txnip in LSECs led to sinusoidal capillarization, downregulation of NO production, and increased release of proinflammatory cytokines and adhesion molecules, whereas TXNIP overexpression had the opposite effects. Mechanistically, TXNIP interacted with transforming growth factor β-activated kinase 1 (TAK1) and subsequently suppressed the TAK1 pathway. Inhibition of TAK1 activation restored NO production and decreased the levels of proinflammatory cytokines, thereby, blocking liver injury and inflammation in TxnipΔEC mice. Our findings indicate that upregulated TXNIP expression in LSECs serves a protective role in ameliorating ALD. Enhancing TXNIP expression could, therefore, be a potential therapeutic approach for ALD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunhye Jung
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Bok Baek
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Ju Hong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee Hyun Kang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Suyoung Park
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Sehee Park
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungbuk 28116, Republic of Korea
| | - Eui-Ju Hong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Eun Cho
- Andong National University, Andong 36729, Republic of Korea
| | - Je-Won Ko
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Suk Won
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungbuk 28116, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Jung Kwon
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
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3
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Jouve M, Carpentier R, Kraiem S, Legrand N, Sobolewski C. MiRNAs in Alcohol-Related Liver Diseases and Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Step toward New Therapeutic Approaches? Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5557. [PMID: 38067261 PMCID: PMC10705678 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15235557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Alcohol-related Liver Disease (ALD) is the primary cause of chronic liver disorders and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development in developed countries and thus represents a major public health concern. Unfortunately, few therapeutic options are available for ALD and HCC, except liver transplantation or tumor resection for HCC. Deciphering the molecular mechanisms underlying the development of these diseases is therefore of major importance to identify early biomarkers and to design efficient therapeutic options. Increasing evidence indicate that epigenetic alterations play a central role in the development of ALD and HCC. Among them, microRNA importantly contribute to the development of this disease by controlling the expression of several genes involved in hepatic metabolism, inflammation, fibrosis, and carcinogenesis at the post-transcriptional level. In this review, we discuss the current knowledge about miRNAs' functions in the different stages of ALD and their role in the progression toward carcinogenesis. We highlight that each stage of ALD is associated with deregulated miRNAs involved in hepatic carcinogenesis, and thus represent HCC-priming miRNAs. By using in silico approaches, we have uncovered new miRNAs potentially involved in HCC. Finally, we discuss the therapeutic potential of targeting miRNAs for the treatment of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mickaël Jouve
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1286-INFINITE-Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Rodolphe Carpentier
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1286-INFINITE-Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Sarra Kraiem
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1286-INFINITE-Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Noémie Legrand
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1286-INFINITE-Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Cyril Sobolewski
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1286-INFINITE-Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation, F-59000 Lille, France
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4
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Ding Z, Song H, Wang F. Role of lipins in cardiovascular diseases. Lipids Health Dis 2023; 22:196. [PMID: 37964368 PMCID: PMC10644651 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-023-01961-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipin family members in mammals include lipins 1, 2, and 3. Lipin family proteins play a crucial role in lipid metabolism due to their bifunctionality as both transcriptional coregulators and phosphatidate phosphatase (PAP) enzymes. In this review, we discuss the structural features, expression patterns, and pathophysiologic functions of lipins, emphasizing their direct as well as indirect roles in cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Elucidating the regulation of lipins facilitates a deeper understanding of the roles of lipins in the processes underlying CVDs. The activity of lipins is modulated at various levels, e.g., in the form of the transcription of genes, post-translational modifications, and subcellular protein localization. Because lipin characteristics are undergoing progressive clarification, further research is necessitated to then actuate the investigation of lipins as viable therapeutic targets in CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zerui Ding
- The Endocrinology Department of the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Hongyu Song
- The Endocrinology Department of the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Fang Wang
- The Endocrinology Department of the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China.
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Yao R, Wang M, Zhao Y, Ji Q, Feng X, Bai L, Bao L, Wang Y, Hao H, Li X, Wang Z. Chlorogenic acid enhances PPARγ-mediated lipogenesis through preventing Lipin 1 nuclear translocation in Staphylococcus aureus-exposed bovine mammary epithelial cells. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2023; 1868:159396. [PMID: 37717905 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2023.159396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Chlorogenic acid (CGA) as one of the most ubiquitously dietary polyphenolic compounds, has been reported to have various antimicrobial effects and exhibit strong anti-inflammatory ability. Staphylococcus aureus is a gram-positive bacterium that can induce mastitis. However, the mechanism through which S. aureus infection affects lipid synthesis and whether CGA have protective effect on S. aureus reduced lipid synthesis is not fully understood. In this study, the internalization of S. aureus reduced intracellular lipid droplet formation, decreased the levels of intracellular triacylglycerol, total cholesterol and 7 types of fatty acid and downregulated the expression of lipogenic genes FAS, ACC, and DGAT1 in bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs). In addition, we found that S. aureus intracellular infection attenuated mTORC1 activation resulting in Lipin 1 nuclear localization. Remarkablely, S. aureus infection-mediated repression of lipid synthesis related to the mTORC1 signaling and Lipin 1 nuclear localization can be alleviated by CGA. Thus, our findings provide a novel mechanism by which lipid synthesis is regulated under S. aureus infection and the protective effects of CGA on lipid synthesis in BMECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiyuan Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, China; School of Basic Medical Science, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010110, China
| | - Manshulin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, China
| | - Qiang Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, China
| | - Xue Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, China; Hohhot No. 1 High School, Hohhot 010030, China
| | - Linfeng Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, China
| | - Lili Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, China; School of Basic Medical Science, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010110, China
| | - Yanfeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, China
| | - Huifang Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, China.
| | - Xihe Li
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, China; Research Center for Animal Genetic Resources of Mongolia Plateau, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, China; Inner Mongolia SaiKexing Institute of Breeding and Reproductive Biotechnology in Domestic Animal, Hohhot 011517, China.
| | - Zhigang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, China.
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Liu XQ, Wang JJ, Wu X, Liu ZN, Wu BM, Lv XW. Blocking ATP-P1Rs axis attenuate alcohol-related liver fibrosis. Life Sci 2023; 328:121896. [PMID: 37385371 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The aim of this study was to explore the fibrogenic effects of ATP-P1Rs axis and ATP-P2Rs axis on alcohol-related liver fibrosis (ALF). MATERIALS AND METHODS C57BL/6J CD73 knock out (KO) mice were used in our study. 8-12 weeks male mice were used as an ALF model in vivo. In conclusion, after one week of adaptive feeding, 5 % alcohol liquid diet was given for 8 weeks. High-concentration alcohol (31.5 %, 5 g/kg) was administered by gavage twice weekly, and 10 % CCl4 intraperitoneal injections (1 ml/kg) were administered twice weekly for the last two weeks. The mice in the control group were injected intraperitoneally with an equivalent volume of normal saline. Fasting for 9 h after the last injection, blood samples were collected, and related indicators were tested. In vitro, rat hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) were treated with 200 μM acetaldehyde to establish an alcoholic liver fibrosis for 48 h, then tested related indicators. KEY FINDINGS We found that both adenosine receptors including adenosine A1, A2A, A2B, A3 receptors (A1R, A2AR, A2BR, A3R) and ATP receptors including P2X7, P2Y2 receptors (P2X7R, P2Y2R) were expressed increased in ALF. After CD73 was knocked out, we found that adenosine receptors expression decreased, ATP expression increased, and fibrosis degree decreased. SIGNIFICANCE Based on the research, we discovered that adenosine plays a more important role in ALF. Therefore, blocking the ATP-P1Rs axis represented a potential treatment for ALF, and CD73 will become a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Qi Liu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jun-Jie Wang
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xue Wu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhen-Ni Liu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Bao-Ming Wu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiong-Wen Lv
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
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7
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Jiang X, Yan C, Zhang H, Chen L, Jiang R, Zheng K, Jin W, Ma H, Liu X, Dong M. Oral Probiotic Expressing Human Ethanol Dehydrogenase Attenuates Damage Caused by Acute Alcohol Consumption in Mice. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0429422. [PMID: 37039510 PMCID: PMC10269551 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.04294-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Alcohol is an essential drug in human life with multiple medical functions, but excessive alcohol intake, even a single episode of binge drinking, can cause serious damage. Reducing alcohol consumption or absorption is a direct way to alleviate the related harm. Alcohol is decomposed successively by alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) in the liver. Here, we produced a human ADH1B (hADH1B)-expressing probiotic, a recombinant Lactococcus lactis, that aimed to enhance alcohol degradation in the intestinal tract after oral administration. Our results showed that the oral hADH1B-expressing probiotic reduced alcohol absorption, prolonged the alcohol tolerance time, and shortened the recovery time after acute alcohol challenge. More importantly, the liver and intestine were protected from acute injury caused by alcohol challenge. Therefore, the engineered probiotic has the potential to protect organ damage from alcohol consumption. Furthermore, this engineered probiotic may have beneficial effects on alcohol-related diseases such as alcoholic fatty liver disease. IMPORTANCE Alcohol plays an important role in medical treatment, culture, and social interaction. However, excessive alcohol consumption or improper alcohol intake patterns can lead to serious damage to health. Aiming to reduce the harm of alcohol consumption, we designed a recombinant probiotic expressing hADH1B. Our results showed that this recombinant probiotic can reduce alcohol absorption and protect the body from alcohol damage, including hangover, liver, and intestinal damage. Reducing alcohol damage is helpful to the health of people with difficulty in abstinence. The engineered probiotic may provide new strategies for treatment and prevention of the negative effects of alcohol, and it also has the potential for widespread application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chunlong Yan
- Agriculture College of Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Hanlin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Li Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kexin Zheng
- Institute of Infectious Disease, Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wanzhu Jin
- Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Huijuan Ma
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Xiaomeng Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- Institute of Neuroscience and Translational Medicine, College of Life Science and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, China
| | - Meng Dong
- Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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8
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Wang YR, Xie N, Zhang YJ, Wang L, Sun Z, Zeng T. High-fat diet promotes multiple binges-induced liver injury via promoting hepatic macrophage proinflammatory polarization. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2023; 12:480-492. [PMID: 37397912 PMCID: PMC10311135 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfad033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
High-fat diet (HFD) and ethanol could synergistically induce liver damage, but the underlying mechanisms remain to be elucidated. M1-polarized macrophages have been demonstrated to be key players in ethanol-induced liver damage. The current study was designed to investigate whether hepatic steatosis could promote ethanol-induced liver injury by promoting liver macrophage M1 polarization. In the in vivo study, 12 weeks of HFD feeding induced a moderate increase in the F4/80 expression and protein levels of p-IKKα/β, p-IκBα, and p-p65, which was suppressed by single binge. In contrast, 8 weeks of HFD and multiple binges (two binges per week during the last 4 weeks) synergistically increased the F4/80 expression, mRNA levels of M1 polarization biomarkers including Ccl2, Tnfa, and Il1b, and protein levels of p65, p-p65, COX2, and Caspase 1. In the in vitro study, a nontoxic free fatty acids (FFAs) mixture (oleic acid/palmitic acid = 2: 1) induced a moderate increase of protein levels of p-p65 and NLRP3 in murine AML12 hepatocytes, which was inhibited by ethanol co-exposure. Ethanol alone induced proinflammatory polarization of murine J774A.1 macrophages evidenced by the enhanced secretion of TNF-α, increased mRNA levels of Ccl2, Tnfa, and Il1b, and upregulated protein levels of p65, p-p65, NLRP3, and Caspase 1, which was augmented by FFAs exposure. Collectively, these results suggest that HFD and multiple binges could synergistically induce liver damage by promoting the proinflammatory activation of macrophages in mice livers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ran Wang
- Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Na Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jining Third People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong 272100, China
| | - Yan-Jing Zhang
- Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Zhan Sun
- Institute of Physical and Chemical Analysis, Jinan Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Tao Zeng
- Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
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9
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Yan C, Hu W, Tu J, Li J, Liang Q, Han S. Pathogenic mechanisms and regulatory factors involved in alcoholic liver disease. J Transl Med 2023; 21:300. [PMID: 37143126 PMCID: PMC10158301 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04166-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Alcoholism is a widespread and damaging behaviour of people throughout the world. Long-term alcohol consumption has resulted in alcoholic liver disease (ALD) being the leading cause of chronic liver disease. Many metabolic enzymes, including alcohol dehydrogenases such as ADH, CYP2E1, and CATacetaldehyde dehydrogenases ALDHsand nonoxidative metabolizing enzymes such as SULT, UGT, and FAEES, are involved in the metabolism of ethanol, the main component in alcoholic beverages. Ethanol consumption changes the functional or expression profiles of various regulatory factors, such as kinases, transcription factors, and microRNAs. Therefore, the underlying mechanisms of ALD are complex, involving inflammation, mitochondrial damage, endoplasmic reticulum stress, nitrification, and oxidative stress. Moreover, recent evidence has demonstrated that the gut-liver axis plays a critical role in ALD pathogenesis. For example, ethanol damages the intestinal barrier, resulting in the release of endotoxins and alterations in intestinal flora content and bile acid metabolism. However, ALD therapies show low effectiveness. Therefore, this review summarizes ethanol metabolism pathways and highly influential pathogenic mechanisms and regulatory factors involved in ALD pathology with the aim of new therapeutic insights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuyun Yan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, Anhui, China
| | - Wanting Hu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Key Lab of Microanalytical Methods & Instrumentation, Department of Chemistry, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Jinqi Tu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College of Wuhu, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241000, Anhui, China
| | - Jinyao Li
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, China
| | - Qionglin Liang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Key Lab of Microanalytical Methods & Instrumentation, Department of Chemistry, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Shuxin Han
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, Anhui, China.
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, China.
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10
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Anton PE, Rutt LN, Capper C, Orlicky DJ, McCullough RL. Profiling the oxylipidome in aged mice after chronic ethanol feeding: Identifying lipid metabolites as drivers of hepatocyte stress. Alcohol 2023; 107:119-135. [PMID: 36150611 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2022.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The global population of people over the age of 65 is increasing and expected to reach 1.5 billion by 2050. While aging is associated with a number of chronic illnesses including dementia, the underlying contribution of alcohol misuse in the elderly is understudied. Long-term chronic alcohol misuse can lead to alcohol-associated liver disease, consisting of a spectrum of pathologies, including steatosis and cirrhosis; liver disease can be rapidly accelerated by non-resolving inflammation. Despite this knowledge, the mechanistic underpinnings of dysregulated host immunity and accelerated liver disease progression in the aged by alcohol is unknown. Alcohol misuse in the elderly is on the rise and aging is associated with progressive increases in pro-inflammatory cytokine production. The goals of the current study are to characterize bioactive lipid mediators of inflammation by making use of a murine model of ethanol-induced liver disease in 3-month-old and 20-month-old mice by quantitatively profiling selected oxylipins in liver, brain and plasma. Following chronic ethanol exposure, liver injury, steatosis, and senescence markers were robustly increased in aged mice compared to young adult mice. Expression of proinflammatory cytokines and lipid metabolizing enzymes were increased in liver by both age and ethanol feeding. Lipoxygenase-derived lipid metabolites 9- and 13-hydroxy-octadecadienoic acid and 15-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid were increased in liver and plasma in ethanol-fed aged mice and positively correlated with liver injury. In plasma, 9,10-dihydroxy-octadecenoic acid/epoxy-octadecenoic acid plasma ratios correlated with liver injury in ethanol-fed aged mice. Finally, 15-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid and 9,10-dihydroxy-octadecenoic acid positively correlated between liver and plasma. Importantly, leukotriene E4, 9,10-dihydroxy-octadecenoic acid and 15-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid increased lipid accumulation and ER stress in cultured AML12 hepatocytes. These data highlight the complexity of lipid metabolite networks but identify key mediators that may be used for diagnostic and prognostic markers in early stages of alcohol-related liver disease in patients of all ages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paige E Anton
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Lauren N Rutt
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Courtney Capper
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - David J Orlicky
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Rebecca L McCullough
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States; Colorado University Alcohol Research Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States; GI and Liver Innate Immune Program, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States.
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11
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Iturrospe E, Robeyns R, da Silva KM, van de Lavoir M, Boeckmans J, Vanhaecke T, van Nuijs ALN, Covaci A. Metabolic signature of HepaRG cells exposed to ethanol and tumor necrosis factor alpha to study alcoholic steatohepatitis by LC-MS-based untargeted metabolomics. Arch Toxicol 2023; 97:1335-1353. [PMID: 36826472 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-023-03470-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Despite the high prevalence of alcoholic liver disease, its identification and characterization remain poor, especially in early stages such as alcoholic fatty liver disease and alcoholic steatohepatitis. This latter implies diagnostic difficulties, few therapeutic options and unclear mechanisms of action. To elucidate the metabolic alterations and pinpoint affected biochemical pathways, alcoholic steatohepatitis was simulated in vitro by exposing HepaRG cells to ethanol (IC10, 368 mM) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α, 50 ng/mL) for 24 h. This combined exposure was compared to solely ethanol-exposed as well as -nonexposed cells. Four different metabolomics platforms were used combining liquid chromatography, high-resolution mass spectrometry and drift tube ion mobility to elucidate both intracellular and extracellular metabolic alterations. Some of the key findings include the influence of TNF-α in the upregulation of hepatic triglycerides and the downregulation of hepatic phosphatidylethanolamines and phosphatidylcholines. S-Adenosylmethionine showed to play a central role in the progression of alcoholic steatohepatitis. In addition, fatty acyl esters of hydroxy fatty acid (FAHFA)-containing triglycerides were detected for the first time in human hepatocytes and their alterations showed a potentially important role during the progression of alcoholic steatohepatitis. Ethoxylated phosphorylcholine was identified as a potential new biomarker of ethanol exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elias Iturrospe
- Toxicological Centre, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Antwerp, Belgium.
- Department of In Vitro Toxicology and Dermato-Cosmetology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090, Jette, Belgium.
| | - Rani Robeyns
- Toxicological Centre, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Antwerp, Belgium
| | | | - Maria van de Lavoir
- Toxicological Centre, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Joost Boeckmans
- Department of In Vitro Toxicology and Dermato-Cosmetology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090, Jette, Belgium
| | - Tamara Vanhaecke
- Department of In Vitro Toxicology and Dermato-Cosmetology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090, Jette, Belgium
| | | | - Adrian Covaci
- Toxicological Centre, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Antwerp, Belgium.
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12
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Guo C, Zheng L, Chen S, Liang X, Song X, Wang Y, Hua B, Qiu L. Thymol ameliorates ethanol-induced hepatotoxicity via regulating metabolism and autophagy. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 370:110308. [PMID: 36535314 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.110308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease represents a serious threat to human health. In terms of safety and acceptability, thymol is widely used in or on foodstuffs to generate odour and taste. The present study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effect and mechanism of thymol against ethanol-induced injury in liver cells. Here we found that thymol is an effective agent for reducing ethanol-induced reactive oxygen species production in mouse liver cells. Thymol improves ethanol-induced lipid accumulation, and this corresponded to altered DGAT2 mRNA expression levels. Metabolomics data analysis showed that thymol alleviated ethanol-induced changes in the levels of thirty-four metabolites including nicotinic acid and l-arginine. By utilizing pathway enrichment analysis, altered metabolites in cells treated with ethanol and ethanol plus thymol were enriched in fourteen pathways including metabolic pathways and arginine and proline metabolism. We further confirmed the alleviation of overdose nitric oxide production in cells treated with ethanol plus thymol compared with that in ethanol-treated cells. It was interesting that up-regulated LC3-II/LC3-I ratio together with higher SQSTM1 protein abundance in ethanol-treated cells were attenuated by treatment with ethanol plus thymol. Thymol ameliorated ethanol-induced reduction of HSPA8 protein abundance. In addition, chloroquine-treated cells exhibited lower HSPA8 protein abundance compared with cells simulated with ethanol plus thymol. These data reveal that improving effect of thymol on ethanol-induced metabolic alteration is related to autophagic flux restoration. Our findings indicate that thymol is an attractive option for treating ethanol-induced liver damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Guo
- School of Life Sciences, Longyan University, Longyan, 364012, PR China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Control of Animal Infectious Diseases and Biotechnology, Longyan, 364012, PR China; Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology (Longyan University), Fujian Province University, Longyan, 364012, PR China
| | - Linyan Zheng
- School of Life Sciences, Longyan University, Longyan, 364012, PR China
| | - Shuyu Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Longyan University, Longyan, 364012, PR China
| | - Xuxuan Liang
- School of Life Sciences, Longyan University, Longyan, 364012, PR China
| | - Xue Song
- School of Life Sciences, Longyan University, Longyan, 364012, PR China
| | - Yue Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Longyan University, Longyan, 364012, PR China
| | - Baoyu Hua
- School of Life Sciences, Longyan University, Longyan, 364012, PR China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Control of Animal Infectious Diseases and Biotechnology, Longyan, 364012, PR China; Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology (Longyan University), Fujian Province University, Longyan, 364012, PR China
| | - Longxin Qiu
- School of Life Sciences, Longyan University, Longyan, 364012, PR China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Control of Animal Infectious Diseases and Biotechnology, Longyan, 364012, PR China; Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology (Longyan University), Fujian Province University, Longyan, 364012, PR China.
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13
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Role of AMPK-SREBP Signaling in Regulating Fatty Acid Binding-4 (FABP4) Expression following Ethanol Metabolism. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11111613. [PMID: 36358315 PMCID: PMC9687530 DOI: 10.3390/biology11111613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Fatty acid binding protein-4 (FABP4) is not normally expressed in the liver but is induced in alcohol-dependent liver disease (ALD)). This study sought to identify mechanisms whereby ethanol (EtOH) metabolism alters triglyceride accumulation and FABP4 production. Human hepatoma cells which were stably transfected to express alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) or cytochrome P4502E1 (CYP2E1) were exposed to EtOH in the absence/presence of inhibitors of ADH (4-methylpyrazole) or CYP2E1 (chlormethiazole). Cells were analyzed for free fatty acid (FFA) content and FABP4 mRNA, then culture medium assayed for FABP4 levels. Cell lysates were analyzed for AMP-activated protein kinase-α (AMPKα), Acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c), and Lipin-1β activity and localization in the absence/presence of EtOH and pharmacological inhibitors. CYP2E1-EtOH metabolism led to increased FABP4 mRNA/protein expression and FFA accumulation. Analysis of signaling pathway activity revealed decreased AMPKα activation and increased nuclear-SREBP-1c localization following CYP2E1-EtOH metabolism. The role of AMPKα-SREBP-1c in regulating CYP2E1-EtOH-dependent FFA accumulation and increased FABP4 was confirmed using pharmacological inhibitors and over-expression of AMPKα. Inhibition of ACC or Lipin-1β failed to prevent FFA accumulation or changes in FABP4 mRNA expression or protein secretion. These data suggest that CYP2E1-EtOH metabolism inhibits AMPKα phosphorylation to stimulate FFA accumulation and FABP4 protein secretion via an SREBP-1c dependent mechanism.
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14
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Guo J, Chen Y, Yuan F, Peng L, Qiu C. Tangeretin Protects Mice from Alcohol-Induced Fatty Liver by Activating Mitophagy through the AMPK-ULK1 Pathway. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:11236-11244. [PMID: 36063077 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c02927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Alcoholic beverages are widely consumed all over the world, but continuous ethanol exposure leads to hepatic steatosis that, without proper treatment, will later develop into severe liver disorders. In this study, we investigated the potential protective effect of tangeretin, a flavonoid derived from citrus peel, against alcoholic fatty liver. The in vivo effects of tangeretin were analyzed by oral intake in a chronic-binge alcohol feeding C57BL/6j mouse model, while the underlying mechanism was explored by in vitro studies performed on ethanol-treated hepatic AML-12 cells. Ethanol feeding increased the serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase levels, the liver weight, and the serum and liver triacylglycerol contents, whereas 20 and 40 mg/kg tangeretin treatment promoted a dose-dependent suppression of these effects. Interestingly, tangeretin prevented increases in the liver oxidative stress level and protected the hepatocyte mitochondria from ethanol-induced morphologic abnormalities. A mechanistic study showed that 20 μM tangeretin treatment activated mitophagy through an AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-uncoordinated 51-like kinase 1 (Ulk1) pathway, thereby restoring mitochondria respiratory function and suppressing steatosis. By contrast, blocking the AMPK-Ulk1 pathway with compound C reversed the hepatoprotective effect of tangeretin. Overall, tangeretin activated mitophagy and protected against ethanol-induced hepatic steatosis through an AMPK-Ulk1-dependent mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianjin Guo
- Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences,Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030032, China
- Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yuan Chen
- Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences,Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030032, China
- Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Fang Yuan
- Department of Oncology, The Fifth Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Li Peng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Chen Qiu
- Key Laboratory of the Model Animal Research, Animal Core Facility of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
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15
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Fang C, Pan J, Qu N, Lei Y, Han J, Zhang J, Han D. The AMPK pathway in fatty liver disease. Front Physiol 2022; 13:970292. [PMID: 36203933 PMCID: PMC9531345 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.970292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid metabolism disorders are the primary causes for the occurrence and progression of various liver diseases, including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and alcoholic fatty liver disease (AFLD) caused by a high-fat diet and ethanol. AMPK signaling pathway plays an important role in ameliorating lipid metabolism disorders. Progressive research has clarified that AMPK signal axes are involved in the prevention and reduction of liver injury. Upregulation of AMK can alleviate FLD in mice induced by alcohol or insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, and obesity, and most natural AMPK agonists can regulate lipid metabolism, inflammation, and oxidative stress in hepatocytes, consequently regulating FLD in mice. In NAFLD and AFLD, increasing the activity of AMPK can inhibit the synthesis of fatty acids and cholesterol by down-regulating the expression of adipogenesis gene (FAS, SREBP-1c, ACC and HMGCR); Simultaneously, by increasing the expression of fatty acid oxidation and lipid decomposition genes (CPT1, PGC1, and HSL, ATGL) involved in fatty acid oxidation and lipid decomposition, the body’s natural lipid balance can be maintained. At present, some AMPK activators are thought to be beneficial during therapeutic treatment. Therefore, activation of AMPK signaling pathway is a potential therapeutic target for disorders of the liver. We summarized the most recent research on the role of the AMPK pathway in FLD in this review. Simultaneously, we performed a detailed description of each signaling axis of the AMPK pathway, as well as a discussion of its mechanism of action and therapeutic significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunqiu Fang
- College of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchunn, China
| | - Jianheng Pan
- College of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchunn, China
| | - Ning Qu
- College of Traditional Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Yuting Lei
- College of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchunn, China
| | - Jiajun Han
- College of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchunn, China
| | - Jingzhou Zhang
- College of Traditional Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Dong Han
- College of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchunn, China
- *Correspondence: Dong Han,
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16
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McGinnis CD, Jennings EQ, Harris PS, Galligan JJ, Fritz KS. Biochemical Mechanisms of Sirtuin-Directed Protein Acylation in Hepatic Pathologies of Mitochondrial Dysfunction. Cells 2022; 11:cells11132045. [PMID: 35805129 PMCID: PMC9266223 DOI: 10.3390/cells11132045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial protein acetylation is associated with a host of diseases including cancer, Alzheimer’s, and metabolic syndrome. Deciphering the mechanisms regarding how protein acetylation contributes to disease pathologies remains difficult due to the complex diversity of pathways targeted by lysine acetylation. Specifically, protein acetylation is thought to direct feedback from metabolism, whereby nutritional status influences mitochondrial pathways including beta-oxidation, the citric acid cycle, and the electron transport chain. Acetylation provides a crucial connection between hepatic metabolism and mitochondrial function. Dysregulation of protein acetylation throughout the cell can alter mitochondrial function and is associated with numerous liver diseases, including non-alcoholic and alcoholic fatty liver disease, steatohepatitis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. This review introduces biochemical mechanisms of protein acetylation in the regulation of mitochondrial function and hepatic diseases and offers a viewpoint on the potential for targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney D. McGinnis
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (C.D.M.); (P.S.H.)
| | - Erin Q. Jennings
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; (E.Q.J.); (J.J.G.)
| | - Peter S. Harris
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (C.D.M.); (P.S.H.)
| | - James J. Galligan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; (E.Q.J.); (J.J.G.)
| | - Kristofer S. Fritz
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (C.D.M.); (P.S.H.)
- Correspondence:
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17
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The potential effects of HECTD4 variants on fasting glucose and triglyceride levels in relation to prevalence of type 2 diabetes based on alcohol intake. Arch Toxicol 2022; 96:2487-2499. [PMID: 35713687 PMCID: PMC9325801 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-022-03325-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Excessive alcohol intake is an important cause of major public health problem in East Asian countries. Growing evidence suggests that genetic factors are associated with alcohol consumption and the risk for alcohol-associated disease, and these factors contribute to the risk of developing chronic diseases, including diabetes. This study aims to investigate the association of type 2 diabetes with genetic polymorphisms within HECTD4 based on alcohol exposure. We performed a genome-wide association study involving the cohorts of the KoGES-HEXA study (n = 50,028) and Ansan and Ansung study (n = 7,980), both of which are prospective cohort studies in Korea. The top three single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the HECTD4 gene, specifically rs77768175, rs2074356 and rs11066280, were found to be significantly associated with alcohol consumption. We found that individuals carrying the variant allele in these SNPs had lower fasting blood glucose, triglyceride, and GGT levels than those with the wild-type allele. Multiple logistic regression showed that statistically significant associations of HECTD4 gene polymorphisms with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes were found in drinkers. Namely, these SNPs were associated with decreased odds of diabetes in the presence of alcohol consumption. As a result of examining the effect of alcohol on the expression of the HECTD4 gene, ethanol increased the expression of HECTD4 in cells, but the level was decreased by NAC treatment. Similar results were obtained from liver samples of mice treated with alcohol. Moreover, a loss of HECTD4 resulted in reduced levels of CYP2E1 and lipogenic gene expression in ethanol-treated cells, while the level of ALDH2 expression increased, indicating a reduction in ethanol-induced hepatotoxicity.
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18
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Yan J, Liu Q, Tang Q, Zhang J, Jing X, Xia Y, Xu Y, Li J, Li Y, He J. Mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor alleviates non-alcoholic steatohepatitis induced by Western diet in mice. FASEB J 2022; 36:e22349. [PMID: 35567505 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202101975r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Excessive lipid accumulation, inflammation, and fibrosis in the liver are the major characteristics of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor (MANF) plays an important role in metabolic homeostasis, raising the possibility that it is involved in NASH. Here, we reduced and increased MANF levels in mice in order to explore its influence on hepatic triglyceride homeostasis, inflammation, and fibrosis during NASH progression. The MANF expression was decreased in Western diet-induced NASH mice. In vivo, liver-specific MANF knockout exacerbated hepatic lipid accumulation, inflammation, and fibrosis of mice induced by Western diet, while liver-specific MANF overexpression mitigated these NASH pathogenic features. In vitro, knocking down MANF in primary hepatocyte cultures aggravated hepatic steatosis and inflammation, which MANF overexpression markedly attenuated. Studies in vitro and in vivo suggested that MANF regulated hepatic lipid synthesis by modulating SREBP1 expression. Inhibiting SREBP1 in primary hepatocytes blocked lipid accumulation after MANF knockdown. MANF overexpression reversed LXRs agonist GW3965 induced SREBP1 and LIPIN1 expression. MANF decreased the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines by inhibiting NF-κB phosphorylation. These results suggest that MANF can protect against NASH by regulating SREBP1 expression and NF-κB signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiamin Yan
- Department of Pharmacy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy and Adverse Drug Reaction, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qinhui Liu
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy and Adverse Drug Reaction, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qin Tang
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy and Adverse Drug Reaction, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinhang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy and Adverse Drug Reaction, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiandan Jing
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy and Adverse Drug Reaction, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Xia
- Department of Pharmacy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy and Adverse Drug Reaction, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ying Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy and Adverse Drug Reaction, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiahui Li
- Department of Pharmacy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy and Adverse Drug Reaction, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanping Li
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy and Adverse Drug Reaction, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinhan He
- Department of Pharmacy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy and Adverse Drug Reaction, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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19
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Iturrospe E, da Silva KM, Robeyns R, van de Lavoir M, Boeckmans J, Vanhaecke T, van Nuijs ALN, Covaci A. Metabolic Signature of Ethanol-Induced Hepatotoxicity in HepaRG Cells by Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry-Based Untargeted Metabolomics. J Proteome Res 2022; 21:1153-1166. [PMID: 35274962 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.2c00029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease is highly prevalent but poorly identified and characterized, leading to knowledge gaps, which impairs early diagnosis. Excessive alcohol consumption is known to alter lipid metabolism, followed by progressive intracellular lipid accumulation, resulting in alcoholic fatty liver disease. In this study, HepaRG cells were exposed to ethanol at IC10 and 1/10 IC10 for 24 and 48 h. Metabolic alterations were investigated intra- and extracellularly with liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry. Ion mobility was added as an extra separation dimension for untargeted lipidomics to improve annotation confidence. Distinctive patterns between exposed and control cells were consistently observed, with intracellular upregulation of di- and triglycerides, downregulation of phosphatidylcholines and phosphatidylethanolamines, sphingomyelins, and S-adenosylmethionine, among others. Several intracellular metabolic patterns could be related to changes in the extracellular environment, such as increased intracellular hydrolysis of sphingomyelins, leading to increased phosphorylcholine secretion. Carnitines showed alterations depending on the size of their carbon chain, which highlights the interplay between β-oxidation in mitochondria and peroxisomes. Potential new biomarkers of ethanol-induced hepatotoxicity have been observed, such as ceramides with a sphingadienine backbone, octanoylcarnitine, creatine, acetylcholine, and ethoxylated phosphorylcholine. The combination of the metabolic fingerprint and footprint enabled a comprehensive investigation of the pathophysiology behind ethanol-induced hepatotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elias Iturrospe
- Toxicological Centre, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium.,Department of In Vitro Toxicology and Dermato-Cosmetology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Jette, Belgium
| | | | - Rani Robeyns
- Toxicological Centre, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Maria van de Lavoir
- Toxicological Centre, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Joost Boeckmans
- Department of In Vitro Toxicology and Dermato-Cosmetology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Jette, Belgium
| | - Tamara Vanhaecke
- Department of In Vitro Toxicology and Dermato-Cosmetology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Jette, Belgium
| | | | - Adrian Covaci
- Toxicological Centre, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
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20
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Han M, Lian J, Su Y, Deng C. Cevimeline co-treatment attenuates olanzapine-induced metabolic disorders via modulating hepatic M3 muscarinic receptor: AMPKα signalling pathway in female rats. J Psychopharmacol 2022; 36:202-213. [PMID: 34694173 DOI: 10.1177/02698811211050549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Olanzapine is one of the most commonly used antipsychotic drugs; however, its metabolic disorders are the main obstacle in the clinic. Olanzapine is a potent antagonist of the M3 acetylcholine muscarinic receptor (M3R), while the downregulated hepatic M3R-AMPKα signalling pathway is involved in metabolic disorders. AIM This study investigated the effects of chronic co-treatment with cevimeline (an agonist of M3Rs) in attenuating olanzapine-induced metabolic disorders and the underlying mechanisms. METHODS Forty-eight adult female Sprague-Dawley rats were treated orally with olanzapine (2 mg/kg, 3 times/day (t.i.d.)) and/or cevimeline (9 mg/kg, t.i.d.), or control (vehicle) for 9 weeks. RESULTS Cevimeline co-treatment significantly attenuated olanzapine-induced body weight gain and glucolipid metabolic disorders. Importantly, cevimeline co-treatment attenuated olanzapine-induced upregulation of M3Rs, while the co-treatment improved olanzapine-induced downregulation of AMPKα in the liver. Cevimeline co-treatment attenuated olanzapine-induced dyslipidaemia by modulating the hepatic M3R-AMPKα downstream pathways. Cevimeline co-treatment also improved lower activated AKT-GSK3β signalling to reverse impairment of glucose metabolism and insulin resistance caused by chronic olanzapine treatment. CONCLUSION These results not only support the important role of M3R antagonism and its related AMPKα and downstream pathways in antipsychotic-induced metabolic disorders but also indicate that these pathways might be promising targets for pharmacological intervention to control these side effects caused by antipsychotic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Han
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia.,School of Medicine and Molecular Horizons, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Jiamei Lian
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia.,School of Medicine and Molecular Horizons, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Yueqing Su
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia.,School of Medicine and Molecular Horizons, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia.,Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Chao Deng
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia.,School of Medicine and Molecular Horizons, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
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21
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Identification of Scd5 as a functional regulator of visceral fat deposition and distribution. iScience 2022; 25:103916. [PMID: 35252813 PMCID: PMC8889148 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.103916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ectopic deposition of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) in abdomen is usually accompanied with systematic chaos of energy metabolism, a higher risk of cardiovascular diseases and type II diabetes. Here, we identified a previously unexplored gene Scd5 as a master regulator of fat distribution, which alone plays a significant role in determining the VAT accumulation. Firstly, zebrafish scd5 had the highest homology with human SCD5 compared to other SCDs in mouse and rat. We then observed that scd5-homozygous mutant zebrafish displayed a puffy, short and rounded apple-shaped figure. Whole-mount micro-CT scan showed that excessive VAT deposition and short spine are responsible for the abnormal body ratio. And the supplementation of ω3-polyunsaturated fatty acid (ω3-PUFA) in dietary significantly decreased VAT accumulation in scd5−/− zebrafish. Lastly, transcriptional analyses revealed that the Wnt, PPAR, C/EBP, and fat synthesis signaling pathways are significantly affected in the VAT of scd5−/− mutant and restored by ω3-PUFA. Zebrafish scd5 is a better match of homolog to human SCD5 scd5 deficiency induced significant VAT depositions in zebrafish Supplementation of ω3-PUFA significantly reduced the VAT deposition in scd5 mutants
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22
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Pi A, Jiang K, Ding Q, Lai S, Yang W, Zhu J, Guo R, Fan Y, Chi L, Li S. Alcohol Abstinence Rescues Hepatic Steatosis and Liver Injury via Improving Metabolic Reprogramming in Chronic Alcohol-Fed Mice. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:752148. [PMID: 34603062 PMCID: PMC8481816 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.752148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) caused by chronic ethanol overconsumption is a common type of liver disease with a severe mortality burden throughout the world. The pathogenesis of ALD is complex, and no effective clinical treatment for the disease has advanced so far. Prolonged alcohol abstinence is the most effective therapy to attenuate the clinical course of ALD and even reverse liver damage. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in alcohol abstinence-improved recovery from alcoholic fatty liver remain unclear. This study aims to systematically evaluate the beneficial effect of alcohol abstinence on pathological changes in ALD. Methods: Using the Lieber-DeCarli mouse model of ALD, we analysed whether 1-week alcohol withdrawal reversed alcohol-induced detrimental alterations, including oxidative stress, liver injury, lipids metabolism, and hepatic inflammation, by detecting biomarkers and potential targets. Results: Alcohol withdrawal ameliorated alcohol-induced hepatic steatosis by improving liver lipid metabolism reprogramming via upregulating phosphorylated 5′-AMP -activated protein kinase (p-AMPK), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (PPAR-α), and carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1 (CPT-1), and downregulating fatty acid synthase (FAS) and diacylglycerol acyltransferase-2 (DGAT-2). The activities of antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-px), were significantly enhanced by alcohol withdrawal. Importantly, the abstinence recovered alcohol-fed induced liver injury, as evidenced by the improvements in haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, plasma alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels, and liver weight/body weight ratio. Alcohol-stimulated toll-like receptor 4/mitogen-activated protein kinases (TLR4/MAPKs) were significantly reversed by alcohol withdrawal, which might mechanistically contribute to the amelioration of liver injury. Accordingly, the hepatic inflammatory factor represented by tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) was improved by alcohol abstinence. Conclusion: In summary, we reported that alcohol withdrawal effectively restored hepatic lipid metabolism and reversed liver injury and inflammation by improving metabolism reprogramming. These findings enhanced our understanding of the biological mechanisms involved in the beneficial role of alcohol abstinence as an effective treatment for ALD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiwen Pi
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.,School of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.,Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kai Jiang
- School of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.,Molecular Medicine Institute, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qinchao Ding
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.,Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shanglei Lai
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.,School of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenwen Yang
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.,School of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinyan Zhu
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.,Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Rui Guo
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.,Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yibin Fan
- Department of Dermatology, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Linfeng Chi
- School of Basic Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Songtao Li
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.,Molecular Medicine Institute, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.,Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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23
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Tsilivigkos C, Mastronikolis S, Lygeros S, Tsilimpoti D, Papadas T. Multiple symmetric lipomatosis (Madelung's disease) with symptoms and signs of hypertension, lipodystrophy, and dyspnea: A case report and literature review. Clin Case Rep 2021; 9:e04288. [PMID: 34194793 PMCID: PMC8223890 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.4288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Madelung's disease generally refers to a benign symmetrical lipomatosis of the neck, but its presentation can vary. It is treated surgically and different approaches can be implemented. In cases of a threatened airway, a tracheostomy can be performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christos Tsilivigkos
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology‐Head and Neck SurgeryGeneral University Hospital of PatrasPatrasGreece
- Department of General SurgeryGeneral University Hospital of PatrasRionGreece
| | - Stylianos Mastronikolis
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology‐Head and Neck SurgeryGeneral University Hospital of PatrasPatrasGreece
| | - Spyridon Lygeros
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology‐Head and Neck SurgeryGeneral University Hospital of PatrasPatrasGreece
| | - Dimitra Tsilimpoti
- Department of Plastic Surgery‘Agios Andreas’ General Hospital of PatrasPatrasGreece
| | - Theodoros Papadas
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology‐Head and Neck SurgeryGeneral University Hospital of PatrasPatrasGreece
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24
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Li Z, Li J, Miao X, Cui W, Miao L, Cai L. A minireview: Role of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling in obesity-related renal injury. Life Sci 2020; 265:118828. [PMID: 33253722 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Emerging evidence shows that the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a critical energy-sensing switch, plays an important role in the pathogenesis and development of obesity-related renal injury. In this review, we summarized the mechanisms underlying the protective effects of AMPK activation against obesity-related renal injury in preclinical studies, with the main purposes of increasing the understanding of AMPK and providing new insights into the future clinical therapeutic strategies. The renoprotective effects of AMPK mainly act by modulating lipid metabolism and autophagy and suppressing oxidative stress, inflammation, and fibrosis. More importantly, we discussed the recent advances in this field that require further investigation. Firstly, the inhibitory effect of AMPK on ferroptosis is a potential mechanism for its protection against renal injury. Secondly, the effect of AMPK on lipolysis is complex: AMPK induces basal lipolysis but also inhibits stimulated lipolysis. Thirdly, statins may play a renoprotective role by activating AMPK. Fourthly, some microRNAs targeting AMPK mRNA have been implicated in diabetic nephropathy in type 2 diabetes. Further, AMPK can regulate the expression of some microRNAs, suggesting that the stable renoprotective effects of AMPK may benefit from its epigenetic regulation. Lastly, several natural compounds and synthetic drugs have been recognized to protect against obesity-related renal injury by activating AMPK and its downstream pathways in animal models. It remains to be seen if combination of newly identified drugs with traditional renoprotective medicine will have any synergistic therapeutic benefits without adding to side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Li
- Department of Nephropathy, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, China
| | - Jia Li
- Department of Nephropathy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Xiao Miao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, China
| | - Wenpeng Cui
- Department of Nephropathy, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, China
| | - Lining Miao
- Department of Nephropathy, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, China.
| | - Lu Cai
- Pediatric Research Institute, Departments of Pediatrics, Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville 40202, USA
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25
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Li S, Saviano A, Erstad DJ, Hoshida Y, Fuchs BC, Baumert T, Tanabe KK. Risk Factors, Pathogenesis, and Strategies for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Prevention: Emphasis on Secondary Prevention and Its Translational Challenges. J Clin Med 2020; 9:E3817. [PMID: 33255794 PMCID: PMC7760293 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9123817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer-associated mortality globally. Given the limited therapeutic efficacy in advanced HCC, prevention of HCC carcinogenesis could serve as an effective strategy. Patients with chronic fibrosis due to viral or metabolic etiologies are at a high risk of developing HCC. Primary prevention seeks to eliminate cancer predisposing risk factors while tertiary prevention aims to prevent HCC recurrence. Secondary prevention targets patients with baseline chronic liver disease. Various epidemiological and experimental studies have identified candidates for secondary prevention-both etiology-specific and generic prevention strategies-including statins, aspirin, and anti-diabetic drugs. The introduction of multi-cell based omics analysis along with better characterization of the hepatic microenvironment will further facilitate the identification of targets for prevention. In this review, we will summarize HCC risk factors, pathogenesis, and discuss strategies of HCC prevention. We will focus on secondary prevention and also discuss current challenges in translating experimental work into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen Li
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; (S.L.); (D.J.E.); (B.C.F.)
| | - Antonio Saviano
- Inserm, U1110, Institut de Recherche sur les Maladies Virales et Hépatiques, Université de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France;
| | - Derek J. Erstad
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; (S.L.); (D.J.E.); (B.C.F.)
| | - Yujin Hoshida
- Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Dallas, TX 75390, USA;
| | - Bryan C. Fuchs
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; (S.L.); (D.J.E.); (B.C.F.)
| | - Thomas Baumert
- Inserm, U1110, Institut de Recherche sur les Maladies Virales et Hépatiques, Université de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France;
| | - Kenneth K. Tanabe
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; (S.L.); (D.J.E.); (B.C.F.)
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26
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Ren R, Wang Z, Wu M, Wang H. Emerging Roles of SIRT1 in Alcoholic Liver Disease. Int J Biol Sci 2020; 16:3174-3183. [PMID: 33162823 PMCID: PMC7645991 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.49535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is the most prevalent type of chronic liver disease worldwide with a wide spectrum of liver pathologies ranging from simple steatosis to steatohepatitis, cirrhosis, and even hepatocellular carcinoma. It has been demonstrated that ALD is mediated in whole or in part by a central signaling molecule sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), a conserved class III histone deacetylase.SIRT1 plays beneficial roles in regulating hepatic lipid metabolism, inhibiting hepatic inflammation, controlling hepatic fibrosis and mediating hepatocellular carcinoma in ALD. However, underlying molecular mechanisms are complex and remain incompletely understood. The aim of this review was to highlight the latest advances in understanding of SIRT1 regulatory mechanisms in ALD and discuss their unique potential role as novel therapeutic target for ALD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixue Ren
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, Anhui, China
| | - Ziming Wang
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, Anhui, China
| | - Miaomiao Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Institute of Liver Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China.,Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, Anhui, China.,School of Pharmacy, Institute of Liver Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China.,Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
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27
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cAMP Signaling in Pathobiology of Alcohol Associated Liver Disease. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10101433. [PMID: 33050657 PMCID: PMC7600246 DOI: 10.3390/biom10101433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The importance of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) in cellular responses to extracellular signals is well established. Many years after discovery, our understanding of the intricacy of cAMP signaling has improved dramatically. Multiple layers of regulation exist to ensure the specificity of cellular cAMP signaling. Hence, disturbances in cAMP homeostasis could arise at multiple levels, from changes in G protein coupled receptors and production of cAMP to the rate of degradation by phosphodiesterases. cAMP signaling plays critical roles in metabolism, inflammation and development of fibrosis in several tissues. Alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) is a multifactorial condition ranging from a simple steatosis to steatohepatitis and fibrosis and ultimately cirrhosis, which might lead to hepatocellular cancer. To date, there is no FDA-approved therapy for ALD. Hence, identifying the targets for the treatment of ALD is an important undertaking. Several human studies have reported the changes in cAMP homeostasis in relation to alcohol use disorders. cAMP signaling has also been extensively studied in in vitro and in vivo models of ALD. This review focuses on the role of cAMP in the pathobiology of ALD with emphasis on the therapeutic potential of targeting cAMP signaling for the treatment of various stages of ALD.
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28
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An Overview of the Mechanism of Penthorum chinense Pursh on Alcoholic Fatty Liver. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:4875764. [PMID: 33014105 PMCID: PMC7519454 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4875764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol liver disease (ALD) caused by excessive alcohol consumption is a progressive disease, and alcohol fatty liver disease is the primary stage. Currently, there is no approved drug for its treatment. Abstinence is the best way to heal, but patients' compliance is poor. Unlike other chronic diseases, alcohol fatty liver disease is not caused by nutritional deficiencies; it is caused by the molecular action of ingested alcohol and its metabolites. More and more studies have shown the potential of Penthorum chinense Pursh (PCP) in the clinical use of alcohol fatty liver treatment. The purpose of this paper is to reveal from the essence of PCP treatment of alcohol liver mechanism mainly by the ethanol dehydrogenase (ADH) and microsomal ethanol oxidation system-dependent cytochrome P4502E1 (CYP2E1) to exert antilipogenesis, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic, and autophagy effects, with special emphasis on its mechanisms related to SIRT1/AMPK, KEAP-1/Nrf2, and TLR4/NF-κB. Overall, data from the literature shows that PCP appears to be a promising hepatoprotective traditional Chinese medicine (TCM).
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29
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Lipid Metabolism in Development and Progression of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12061419. [PMID: 32486341 PMCID: PMC7352397 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12061419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
: Metabolic reprogramming is critically involved in the development and progression of cancer. In particular, lipid metabolism has been investigated as a source of energy, micro-environmental adaptation, and cell signalling in neoplastic cells. However, the specific role of lipid metabolism dysregulation in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has not been widely described yet. Alterations in fatty acid synthesis, β-oxidation, and cellular lipidic composition contribute to initiation and progression of HCC. The aim of this review is to elucidate the mechanisms by which lipid metabolism is involved in hepatocarcinogenesis and tumour adaptation to different conditions, focusing on the transcriptional aberrations with new insights in lipidomics and lipid zonation. This will help detect new putative therapeutic approaches in the second most frequent cause of cancer-related death.
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30
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Zhang Y, Jiang M, Cui BW, Jin CH, Wu YL, Shang Y, Yang HX, Wu M, Liu J, Qiao CY, Zhan ZY, Ye H, Zheng GH, Jin Q, Lian LH, Nan JX. P2X7 receptor-targeted regulation by tetrahydroxystilbene glucoside in alcoholic hepatosteatosis: A new strategy towards macrophage-hepatocyte crosstalk. Br J Pharmacol 2020; 177:2793-2811. [PMID: 32022249 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2019] [Revised: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Regulating macrophage-hepatocyte crosstalk through P2X7 receptors has led to new pharmacological strategies to reverse alcoholic hepatosteatosis. We investigated how tetrahydroxystilbene glucoside (2354glu), isolated from Polygonum multiflorum, modulates macrophage-hepatocyte crosstalk during alcoholic hepatosteatosis. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH A model of alcoholic hepatosteatosis was established by giving ethanol intragastrically to C57BL/6 mice. HepG2 cells were incubated in conditioned medium from LPS+ATP-activated THP-1 human macrophages with silenced or overexpressed P2X7 receptors. THP-1 macrophages or mouse peritoneal macrophages were pretreated with 2354glu for 1 hr prior to LPS+ATP stimulation. Western blots, RT-PCR and immunohistochemical analysis were used, along with over-expression and silencing of P2X7 receptors. KEY RESULTS Knockdown or overexpression of P2X7 receptors in THP-1 macrophages affected release of mature IL-1β and, subsequently, modulated lipid metabolism in HepG2 cells via the LKB-AMPK pathway. 2354glu ameliorated alcoholic hepatosteatosis in mice by regulating LKB1-AMPK-SREBP1 pathway and its target genes. Suppression of P2X7 receptor activation by 2354glu inhibited IL-1β release and reduced macrophage and neutrophil infiltration. In macrophages stimulated with LPS+ATP, expression of P2X7 receptors, caspase-1 and NF-κB, release of IL-1β, calcium influx and PI uptake were reduced by 2354glu. SIRT1-LKB1-AMPK-SREBP1 axis-mediated lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells was reduced when they were cultured with conditioned media from LPS+ATP-activated THP-1 macrophages pretreated with 2354glu. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Modulation of P2X7 receptors in macrophages regulated lipid accumulation in hepatocytes during alcoholic hepatosteatosis. 2354glu might be a promising candidate that targets P2X7 receptors in macrophages interacting with hepatocytes during alcoholic hepatosteatosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Traditional Chinese Korean Medicine of Jilin Province, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Min Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Traditional Chinese Korean Medicine of Jilin Province, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Ben-Wen Cui
- Key Laboratory for Traditional Chinese Korean Medicine of Jilin Province, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Cheng Hua Jin
- Key Laboratory for Traditional Chinese Korean Medicine of Jilin Province, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Yan-Ling Wu
- Key Laboratory for Traditional Chinese Korean Medicine of Jilin Province, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Yue Shang
- Key Laboratory for Traditional Chinese Korean Medicine of Jilin Province, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Hong-Xu Yang
- Key Laboratory for Traditional Chinese Korean Medicine of Jilin Province, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Mei Wu
- Key Laboratory for Traditional Chinese Korean Medicine of Jilin Province, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Jian Liu
- Key Laboratory for Traditional Chinese Korean Medicine of Jilin Province, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Chun-Ying Qiao
- Key Laboratory for Traditional Chinese Korean Medicine of Jilin Province, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Zi-Ying Zhan
- Key Laboratory for Traditional Chinese Korean Medicine of Jilin Province, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Huan Ye
- Key Laboratory for Traditional Chinese Korean Medicine of Jilin Province, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Guang-Hao Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Traditional Chinese Korean Medicine of Jilin Province, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Quan Jin
- Key Laboratory for Traditional Chinese Korean Medicine of Jilin Province, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Li-Hua Lian
- Key Laboratory for Traditional Chinese Korean Medicine of Jilin Province, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Ji-Xing Nan
- Key Laboratory for Traditional Chinese Korean Medicine of Jilin Province, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, China.,Clinical Research Center, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, China
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31
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Chae M, Son ED, Bae IH, Cho EG, Kim HJ, Jung JY. UVB-dependent inhibition of lipin-1 protects against proinflammatory responses in human keratinocytes. Exp Mol Med 2020; 52:293-307. [PMID: 32080341 PMCID: PMC7062881 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-020-0388-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipin-1 is an Mg2+-dependent phosphatidate phosphatase (PAP1) that catalyzes a critical step in the synthesis of glycerophospholipids and is also a cotranscriptional regulator. The role of lipin-1 in the regulation of inflammatory responses has been extensively studied in various cell types but not in skin cells. In the present study, the function of lipin-1 in UVB-induced proinflammatory responses was assessed in normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEKs). UVB radiation downregulated lipin-1 expression. Lipin-1 inhibition was mediated by UVB-dependent sterol-response element binding protein-1 (SREBP-1) inhibition. The UVB-dependent inhibition of lipin-1 and SREBP-1 was mediated by AMPK activation. UVB-induced activation of JNK was dependent on AMPK activation and mediated lipin-1 inhibition. Prevention of UVB-mediated lipin-1 repression by introducing a lipin-1 expression vector stimulated IL-6 and IL-8 production, suggesting that lipin-1 inhibition attenuates UVB-induced IL-6 and IL-8 production. The downregulation of lipin-1 ameliorated UVB-induced NF-ĸB phosphorylation, which might be attributed to the suppression of UVB-induced accumulation of free fatty acids (FFAs). Pharmacological inhibition of PAP1 with propranolol suppressed UVB-induced production of IL-6 and IL-8 in NHEKs and reconstituted human skin models. Taken together, lipin-1 is downregulated by exposure to UVB radiation, which confers protection against UVB-induced proinflammatory responses; therefore, the inhibition of lipin-1 is a potential strategy for photoaging. Reduced production and activity of an enzyme in skin cells helps protect them from damage caused by exposure to ultra-violet light. Minjung Chae and colleagues at the Amorepacific Corporation in Yongin, South Korea, identified an anti-inflammatory effect caused by the reduction in expression of the enzyme lipin-1 when skin cells are exposed to UVB radiation. These ultra-violet rays are associated with aging and increased risk of skin cancer. Lipin-1 is involved in making glycerophospholipid molecules, which are key components of the membranes surrounding and inside cells. Identifying the enzyme’s significance for inflammation in skin cells extends previous similar findings with other cell types. The research also uncovered aspects of the molecular mechanisms mediating the skin cell response. Inhibiting lipin-1 activity might reduce the damage sunlight causes to skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjung Chae
- Basic Research and Innovation Division, Bioscience Laboratory, AmorePacific Corporation R&D Center, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea.
| | - Eui Dong Son
- Basic Research and Innovation Division, Bioscience Laboratory, AmorePacific Corporation R&D Center, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Il-Hong Bae
- Basic Research and Innovation Division, Bioscience Laboratory, AmorePacific Corporation R&D Center, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Eun-Gyung Cho
- Basic Research and Innovation Division, Bioscience Laboratory, AmorePacific Corporation R&D Center, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Hyoung-June Kim
- Basic Research and Innovation Division, Bioscience Laboratory, AmorePacific Corporation R&D Center, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Ji-Yong Jung
- Basic Research and Innovation Division, Bioscience Laboratory, AmorePacific Corporation R&D Center, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
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Jeon S, Carr R. Alcohol effects on hepatic lipid metabolism. J Lipid Res 2020; 61:470-479. [PMID: 32029510 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.r119000547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is the most prevalent type of chronic liver disease with significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. ALD begins with simple hepatic steatosis and progresses to alcoholic steatohepatitis, fibrosis, and cirrhosis. The severity of hepatic steatosis is highly associated with the development of later stages of ALD. This review explores the disturbances of alcohol-induced hepatic lipid metabolism through altered hepatic lipid uptake, de novo lipid synthesis, fatty acid oxidation, hepatic lipid export, and lipid droplet formation and catabolism. In addition, we review emerging data on the contributions of genetics and bioactive lipid metabolism in alcohol-induced hepatic lipid accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sookyoung Jeon
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Rotonya Carr
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
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Jin S, Yang L, Fan X, Wu M, Xu Y, Chen X, Lin Z, Geng Z. Effect of divergence in residual feed intake on expression of lipid metabolism-related genes in the liver of meat-type ducks1. J Anim Sci 2019; 97:3947-3957. [PMID: 31325379 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skz241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid metabolism is considered one of the important factors affecting residual feed intake (RFI). However, the relationship between RFI and expression of lipid metabolism-related genes is unknown in meat-type ducks. To address this issue, a total of 1,000 male meat-type ducks with similar body weight were randomly selected to measure body weight gain and feed intake from 21 to 42 d of age to estimate RFI. The 8 greatest- (high RFI [HRFI]) and lowest- (low RFI [LRFI]) ranking birds were then selected for the present study. Relative expressions of key genes, namely sirtuin 1 (Sirt1), forkhead box O1 (Foxo1), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), sterol regulatory element-binding transcription factor 1c (SREBP-1c), fas cell surface death receptor (FAS), acetyl-CoA carboxylase alpha (ACC), carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A (CPT1A), and acyl-CoA oxidase 1 (ACOX1), were then determined in the HRFI and LRFI ducks by quantitative PCR. The results showed that RFI, feed conversion ratio (FCR), and average daily feed intake (ADFI) were significantly lower (P < 0.05) in LRFI ducks than in HRFI ducks. In addition, expression of Sirt1, Foxo1, CPT1A, and ACOX1 were significantly higher in LRFI ducks than in HRFI ducks (P < 0.05), whereas PPARγ and FAS expression levels were significantly lower in LRFI ducks than in HRFI ducks (P < 0.01). Correlation analysis showed that Sirt1, CPT1A, and ACOX1 expressions were significantly negatively correlated with FCR (r = -0.81 to -0.93; P < 0.01), whereas PPARγ and FAS expressions were significantly positively correlated with FCR (r = 0.74 to 0.87; P < 0.01). PPARγ expression was significantly positively correlated with RFI (r = 0.83; P < 0.01), whereas CPT1A and ACOX1 expressions were significantly negatively correlated with RFI (r = -0.84 to -0.89; P < 0.01). Sirt1 mRNA expression was positively correlated with Foxo1, CPT1A, and ACOX1 mRNA expression (r = 0.78 to 0.92; P < 0.01). Association of Foxo1 with CPT1A and ACOX1 was positive (r = 0.88 to 0.96; P < 0.01). These results suggest that genes related to fatty acid oxidation are upregulated in the liver of ducks with high feed efficiency, while genes associated with lipid synthesis are downregulated. Furthermore, the inclusion of lipid metabolism-related genes in future breeding programs might be beneficial for selecting ducks with greater feed efficiency phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sihua Jin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Lei Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Xinfeng Fan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Minghui Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Yuan Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Xianzen Chen
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Local Animal Genetic Resources Conservation and Biobreeding, Hefei, China
| | - Zhiqiang Lin
- Huangshan Qiangying Duck Breeding Co. Ltd., Huangshan, China
| | - Zhaoyu Geng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
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Distinct metabolic adaptation of liver circadian pathways to acute and chronic patterns of alcohol intake. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:25250-25259. [PMID: 31757851 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1911189116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Binge drinking and chronic exposure to ethanol contribute to alcoholic liver diseases (ALDs). A potential link between ALDs and circadian disruption has been observed, though how different patterns of alcohol consumption differentially impact hepatic circadian metabolism remains virtually unexplored. Using acute versus chronic ethanol feeding, we reveal differential reprogramming of the circadian transcriptome in the liver. Specifically, rewiring of diurnal SREBP transcriptional pathway leads to distinct hepatic signatures in acetyl-CoA metabolism that are translated into the subcellular patterns of protein acetylation. Thus, distinct drinking patterns of alcohol dictate differential adaptation of hepatic circadian metabolism.
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Balboa MA, de Pablo N, Meana C, Balsinde J. The role of lipins in innate immunity and inflammation. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2019; 1864:1328-1337. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2019.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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36
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Kim DK, Kim YH, Lee JH, Jung YS, Kim J, Feng R, Jeon TI, Lee IK, Cho SJ, Im SS, Dooley S, Osborne TF, Lee CH, Choi HS. Estrogen-related receptor γ controls sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c expression and alcoholic fatty liver. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2019; 1864:158521. [PMID: 31479733 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2019.158521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Although SREBP-1c regulates key enzymes required for hepatic de novo lipogenesis, the mechanisms underlying transcriptional regulation of SREBP-1c in pathogenesis of alcoholic fatty liver is still incompletely understood. In this study, we investigated the role of ERRγ in alcohol-mediated hepatic lipogenesis and examined the possibility to ameliorate alcoholic fatty liver through its inverse agonist. Hepatic ERRγ and SREBP-1c expression was increased by alcohol-mediated activation of CB1 receptor signaling. Deletion and mutation analyses of the Srebp-1c gene promoter showed that ERRγ directly regulates Srebp-1c gene transcription via binding to an ERR-response element. Overexpression of ERRγ significantly induced SREBP-1c expression and fat accumulation in liver of mice, which were blocked in Srebp-1c-knockout hepatocytes. Conversely, liver-specific ablation of ERRγ gene expression attenuated alcohol-mediated induction of SREBP-1c expression. Finally, an ERRγ inverse agonist, GSK5182, significantly ameliorates fatty liver disease in chronically alcohol-fed mice through inhibition of SREBP-1c-mediated fat accumulation. ERRγ mediates alcohol-induced hepatic lipogenesis by upregulating SREBP-1c expression, which can be blunted by the inverse agonist for ERRγ, which may be an attractive therapeutic strategy for the treatment of alcoholic fatty liver disease in human.
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Affiliation(s)
- Don-Kyu Kim
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Hoon Kim
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Ho Lee
- Department of Physiology, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Seok Jung
- National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Nuclear Receptor Signals, Hormone Research Center, School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Jina Kim
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea
| | - Rilu Feng
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim 105760, Germany
| | - Tae-Il Jeon
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture & Life Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Kyu Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea; Leading-Edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41404, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Jin Cho
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea; Leading-Edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41404, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Soon Im
- Department of Physiology, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea
| | - Steven Dooley
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim 105760, Germany
| | - Timothy F Osborne
- Institute for Fundamental Biomedical Research, Departments of Medicine and Biological Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, St. Petersburg, FL 33701, USA
| | - Chul-Ho Lee
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hueng-Sik Choi
- National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Nuclear Receptor Signals, Hormone Research Center, School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea.
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37
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Chen X, Bian M, Jin H, Lian N, Shao J, Zhang F, Zheng S. Dihydroartemisinin attenuates alcoholic fatty liver through regulation of lipin-1 signaling. IUBMB Life 2019; 71:1740-1750. [PMID: 31265202 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is generated from excessive alcohol consumption, characterized by hepatic steatosis. Mechanistically, excessive hepatic lipid accumulation was attributed to the aberrant lipin-1 signaling during the development of alcoholic steatosis in rodent species and human. Dihydroartemisinin (DHA) has been recently identified to relieve hepatocytes necrosis and prevent from hepatic steatosis in alcohol-induced liver diseases; however, the role of DHA in ALD has not been elucidated completely. Therefore, this study was aimed to further identify the potential mechanisms of pharmacological effects of DHA on ALD. Results demonstrated that DHA regulated the expression and nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of lipin-1 in mice with chronic ethanol exposure. Results confirmed that the disruption of lipin-1 signaling abolished the suppression of DHA on alcohol-induced hepatic steatosis. Interestingly, DHA also significantly improved liver injury, and inflammation mediated by lipin-1 signaling in chronic alcohol-fed mice. in vivo experiments further consolidated the concept that DHA protected against hepatocyte lipoapoptosis dependent on the regulation of nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of lipin-1 signaling, resulting in attenuated ratio of Lpin1 β/α. Obvious increases in cell apoptosis were observed in alcohol-treated lipin1β-overexpressed mice. Although DHA attenuated cell apoptosis, overexpression of lipin-1β neutralized DHA action. DHA ameliorated activation of endoplasmic reticulum stress through inhibiting activation of JNK and CHOP, which was abrogated by overexpression of lipin-1β. In summary, DHA significantly improved liver injury, steatosis and hepatocyte lipoapoptosis in chronic alcohol-fed mice via regulation of lipin-1 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingran Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mianli Bian
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huanhuan Jin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Naqi Lian
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiangjuan Shao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shizhong Zheng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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38
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Understanding the effect of anthocyanin extracted from Lonicera caerulea L. on alcoholic hepatosteatosis. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 117:109087. [PMID: 31195351 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver inflammation and excessive accumulation of lipids play a critical role in alcoholic liver diseases (ALD) pathogenesis. Plant polyphenols are widely used to prevent toxic liver damage. The anthocyanin from Lonicera caerulea L. was extracted and purified. The aim of the study was to evaluate the hepatoprotective mechanism of the purified component (PLE), focusing on the effects of PLE on alcoholic steatohepatitis. C57BL/6 mice were fed on chronic plus binge ethanol in Lieber-DeCarli liquid diet to establish acute ethanol model. PLE treatment significantly reduced the accumulation of serum aminotransferase and triglycerides and increased albumin levels in ethanol-induced mice. Also, PLE ameliorated histological changes and lipid droplets induced by ethanol. In addition, PLE obviously suppressed the expression of SREBP1 and enhanced phosphorylation of AMPK compared with chronic ethanol administration. PLE suppressed inflammasome activation by decreasing F4/80 level and inhibiting caspase-1, thereby preventing activated macrophages from producing pro-inflammation cytokines. AML12 cells were pretreated with different concentrations of PLE for 2 h and then exposed to ethanol for 48 h. PLE suppressed the expression of SREBP1 and enhanced phosphorylation of AMPK in AML12 cells exposed to ethanol. Additionally, PLE inhibited the expression of F4/80 and decreased IL-1β release. AMPK interference confirms that PLE downregulation SREBP1 and F4/80 depending on AMPK activation in ethanol-treated AML12 cells. PLE possessed the capacity for inhibiting the inflammatory response and suppressing lipid accumulation, indicating that PLE can be used as a dietary health supplement for alcoholic steatohepatitis.
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Hernández-Díazcouder A, Romero-Nava R, Carbó R, Sánchez-Lozada LG, Sánchez-Muñoz F. High Fructose Intake and Adipogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E2787. [PMID: 31181590 PMCID: PMC6600229 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20112787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In modern societies, high fructose intake from sugar-sweetened beverages has contributed to obesity development. In the diet, sucrose and high fructose corn syrup are the main sources of fructose and can be metabolized in the intestine and transported into the systemic circulation. The liver can metabolize around 70% of fructose intake, while the remaining is metabolized by other tissues. Several tissues including adipose tissue express the main fructose transporter GLUT5. In vivo, chronic fructose intake promotes white adipose tissue accumulation through activating adipogenesis. In vitro experiments have also demonstrated that fructose alone induces adipogenesis by several mechanisms, including (1) triglycerides and very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) production by fructose metabolism, (2) the stimulation of glucocorticoid activation by increasing 11β-HSD1 activity, and (3) the promotion of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production through uric acid, NOX and XOR expression, mTORC1 signaling and Ang II induction. Moreover, it has been observed that fructose induces adipogenesis through increased ACE2 expression, which promotes high Ang-(1-7) levels, and through the inhibition of the thermogenic program by regulating Sirt1 and UCP1. Finally, microRNAs may also be involved in regulating adipogenesis in high fructose intake conditions. In this paper, we propose further directions for research in fructose participation in adipogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrián Hernández-Díazcouder
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico city 14080, Mexico.
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Área de Investigación Médica, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, Mexico city 09340, Mexico.
| | - Rodrigo Romero-Nava
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Área de Investigación Médica, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, Mexico city 09340, Mexico.
- Laboratorio de investigación en Farmacología, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Mexico city 06720, Mexico.
- Sección de Postgraduados, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico city 11340, Mexico.
| | - Roxana Carbó
- Departamento de Biomedicina Cardiovascular, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico city 14080, Mexico.
| | - L Gabriela Sánchez-Lozada
- Laboratorio de Fisiopatología Renal, Departamento de Nefrología, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico city 14080, Mexico.
| | - Fausto Sánchez-Muñoz
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico city 14080, Mexico.
- Sección de Postgraduados, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico city 11340, Mexico.
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40
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Alcohol Induces More Severe Fatty Liver Disease by Influencing Cholesterol Metabolism. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 2019:7095684. [PMID: 30891077 PMCID: PMC6390266 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7095684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Objectives. Fatty liver disease (FLD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Dietary cholesterol and alcohol consumption are important risk factors for the progression of FLD, but whether and how alcohol induces more severe FLD with cholesterol ingestion remain unclear. Herein, we mainly used the Lieber-DeCarli diet to establish the FLD mouse model to investigate the synergistic effects of alcohol and cholesterol metabolism on liver damage. The indices of aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), and total cholesterol (TC) levels, inflammation foci, and pathogenesis by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and Oil Red O staining revealed that alcohol induces more severe liver damage by influencing cholesterol metabolism, which might be primarily related to the influence of cholesterol absorption, synthesis, and excretion on the liver or small intestine. Moreover, inhibition of absorption of intestinal cholesterol, but not of fat, sucrose, and alcohol, absorption into the body's metabolism by Ezetimibe, significantly improved FLD in rats fed with the high fat-cholesterol-sucrose and alcohol diet. These results showed that alcohol plays an important role in cholesterol metabolism in FLD.
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41
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Zhou Z, Ye TJ, Bonavita G, Daniels M, Kainrad N, Jogasuria A, You M. Adipose-Specific Lipin-1 Overexpression Renders Hepatic Ferroptosis and Exacerbates Alcoholic Steatohepatitis in Mice. Hepatol Commun 2019; 3:656-669. [PMID: 31061954 PMCID: PMC6492478 DOI: 10.1002/hep4.1333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipin-1 is a Mg2+-dependent phosphatidic acid phosphohydrolase involved in the generation of diacylglycerol during synthesis of phospholipids and triglycerides. Ethanol-mediated inhibitory effects on adipose-specific lipin-1 expression were associated with experimental steatohepatitis in rodents. In the present study, using an adipose-specific lipin-1 overexpression transgenic (Lpin1-Tg) mouse model, we tested a hypothesis that adipose-specific lipin-1 overexpression in mice might dampen ethanol-induced liver damage. Experimental alcoholic steatohepatitis was induced by pair-feeding ethanol to Lpin1-Tg and wild-type (WT) mice using the chronic-plus-binge ethanol feeding protocol. Unexpectedly, following the chronic-plus-binge ethanol challenge, Lpin1-Tg mice exhibited much more pronounced steatosis, exacerbated inflammation, augmented elevation of serum liver enzymes, hepatobiliary damage, and fibrogenic responses compared with the WT mice. Mechanistically, overexpression of adipose lipin-1 in mice facilitated the onset of hepatic ferroptosis, which is an iron-dependent form of cell death, and subsequently induced ferroptotic liver damage in mice under ethanol exposure. Concurrently, adipose lipin-1 overexpression induced defective adiponectin signaling pathways in ethanol-fed mice. Conclusion: We identified ferroptosis as a mechanism in mediating the detrimental effects of adipose-specific lipin-1 overexpression in mice under chronic-plus-binge ethanol exposure. Our present study sheds light on potential therapeutic approaches for the prevention and treatment of human alcoholic steatohepatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy Northeast Ohio Medical University Rootstown OH
| | - Ting Jie Ye
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy Northeast Ohio Medical University Rootstown OH.,Department of Biology, School of Basic Medical Science Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai China
| | - Gregory Bonavita
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy Northeast Ohio Medical University Rootstown OH
| | - Michael Daniels
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy Northeast Ohio Medical University Rootstown OH
| | - Noah Kainrad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy Northeast Ohio Medical University Rootstown OH
| | - Alvin Jogasuria
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy Northeast Ohio Medical University Rootstown OH
| | - Min You
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy Northeast Ohio Medical University Rootstown OH
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42
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You M, Jogasuria A, Lee K, Wu J, Zhang Y, Lee YK, Sadana P. Signal Transduction Mechanisms of Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Emer ging Role of Lipin-1. Curr Mol Pharmacol 2019; 10:226-236. [PMID: 26278388 DOI: 10.2174/1874467208666150817112109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2015] [Revised: 08/07/2015] [Accepted: 08/07/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Lipin-1, a mammalian phosphatidic acid phosphatase (PAP), is a bi-functional molecule involved in various signaling pathways via its function as a PAP enzyme in the triglyceride synthesis pathway and in the nucleus as a transcriptional co-regulator. In the liver, lipin-1 is known to play a vital role in controlling the lipid metabolism and inflammation process at multiple regulatory levels. Alcoholic fatty liver disease (AFLD) is one of the earliest forms of liver injury and approximately 8-20% of patients with simple steatosis can develop into more severe forms of liver injury, including steatohepatitis, fibrosis/ cirrhosis, and eventually hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The signal transduction mechanisms for alcohol-induced detrimental effects in liver involves alteration of complex and multiple signaling pathways largely governed by a central and upstream signaling system, namely, sirtuin 1 (SIRT1)-AMP activated kinase (AMPK) axis. Emerging evidence suggests a pivotal role of lipin-1 as a crucial downstream regulator of SIRT1-AMPK signaling system that is likely to be ultimately responsible for development and progression of AFLD. Several lines of evidence demonstrate that ethanol exposure significantly induces lipin-1 gene and protein expression levels in cultured hepatocytes and in the livers of rodents, induces lipin-1-PAP activity, impairs the functional activity of nuclear lipin-1, disrupts lipin-1 mRNA alternative splicing and induces lipin-1 nucleocytoplasmic shuttling. Such impairment in response to ethanol leads to derangement of hepatic lipid metabolism, and excessive production of inflammatory cytokines in the livers of the rodents and human alcoholics. This review summarizes current knowledge about the role of lipin-1 in the pathogenesis of AFLD and its potential signal transduction mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min You
- 4209 State Route 44, Rootstown OH 44272. United States
| | | | | | - Jiashin Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences. 0
| | - Yanqiao Zhang
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, College of Pharmacy and College of Medicine, Rootstown OH 44272. United States
| | - Yoon Kwang Lee
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, College of Pharmacy and College of Medicine, Rootstown OH 44272. United States
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Abstract
Hepatic lipid metabolism is a series of complex processes that control influx and efflux of not only hepatic lipid pools, but also organismal pools. Lipid homeostasis is usually tightly controlled by expression, substrate supply, oxidation and secretion that keep hepatic lipid pools relatively constant. However, perturbations of any of these processes can lead to lipid accumulation in the liver. Although it is thought that these responses are hepatic arms of the 'thrifty genome', they are maladaptive in the context of chronic fatty liver diseases. Ethanol is likely unique among toxins, in that it perturbs almost all aspects of hepatic lipid metabolism. This complex response is due in part to the large metabolic demand placed on the organ by alcohol metabolism, but also appears to involve more nuanced changes in expression and substrate supply. The net effect is that steatosis is a rapid response to alcohol abuse. Although transient steatosis is largely an inert pathology, the chronicity of alcohol-related liver disease seems to require steatosis. Better and more specific understanding of the mechanisms by which alcohol causes steatosis may therefore translate into targeted therapies to treat alcohol-related liver disease and/or prevent its progression.
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Yu J, Peng J, Luan Z, Zheng F, Su W. MicroRNAs as a Novel Tool in the Diagnosis of Liver Lipid Dysregulation and Fatty Liver Disease. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24020230. [PMID: 30634538 PMCID: PMC6358728 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24020230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2018] [Revised: 12/23/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, metabolic disorder, especially fatty liver disease, has been considered a major challenge to global health. The attention of researchers focused on expanding knowledge of the regulation mechanism behind these diseases and towards the new diagnostics tools and treatments. The pathophysiology of the fatty liver disease is undoubtedly complex. Abnormal hepatic lipid accumulation is a major symptom of most metabolic diseases. Therefore, the identification of novel regulation factors of lipid metabolism is important and meaningful. As a new diagnostic tool, the function of microRNAs during fatty liver disease has recently come into notice in biological research. Accumulating evidence supports the influence of miRNAs in lipid metabolism. In this review, we discuss the potential role of miRNAs in liver lipid metabolism and the pathogenesis of fatty liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwei Yu
- Shenzhen University Medical Center, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen 518060, China.
- Department of Biology, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Jun Peng
- Shenzhen University Medical Center, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen 518060, China.
| | - Zhilin Luan
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, China.
| | - Feng Zheng
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, China.
| | - Wen Su
- Shenzhen University Medical Center, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen 518060, China.
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Lamas-Paz A, Hao F, Nelson LJ, Vázquez MT, Canals S, Gómez del Moral M, Martínez-Naves E, Nevzorova YA, Cubero FJ. Alcoholic liver disease: Utility of animal models. World J Gastroenterol 2018; 24:5063-5075. [PMID: 30568384 PMCID: PMC6288648 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v24.i45.5063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Revised: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is a major cause of acute and chronic liver injury. Extensive evidence has been accumulated on the pathological process of ALD during the past decades. However, effective treatment options for ALD are very limited due to the lack of suitable in vivo models that recapitulate the full spectrum of ALD. Experimental animal models of ALD, particularly rodents, have been used extensively to mimic human ALD. An ideal animal model should recapitulate all aspects of the ALD process, including significant steatosis, hepatic neutrophil infiltration, and liver injury. A better strategy against ALD depends on clear diagnostic biomarkers, accurate predictor(s) of its progression and new therapeutic approaches to modulate stop or even reverse the disease. Numerous models employing rodent animals have been established in the last decades to investigate the effects of acute and chronic alcohol exposure on the initiation and progression of ALD. Although significant progress has been made in gaining better knowledge on the mechanisms and pathology of ALD, many features of ALD are unknown, and require further investigation, ideally with improved animal models that more effectively mimic human ALD. Although differences in the degree and stages of alcoholic liver injury inevitably exist between animal models and human ALD, the acquisition and translational relevance will be greatly enhanced with the development of new and improved animal models of ALD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arantza Lamas-Paz
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ORL, Complutense University School of Medicine, Madrid 28040, Spain
- Yulia A Nevzovova, Francisco Javier Cubero, 12 de Octubre Health Research Institute (imas12), Madrid 28041, Spain
| | - Fengjie Hao
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ORL, Complutense University School of Medicine, Madrid 28040, Spain
- Yulia A Nevzovova, Francisco Javier Cubero, 12 de Octubre Health Research Institute (imas12), Madrid 28041, Spain
| | - Leonard J Nelson
- Institute for Bioengineering (IBioE), School of Engineering, Faraday Building, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3 JL, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Teresa Vázquez
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Complutense University School of Medicine, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Santiago Canals
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Miguel Hernández, San Juan de Alicante 03550, Spain
| | - Manuel Gómez del Moral
- Department of Cell Biology, Complutense University School of Medicine, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Eduardo Martínez-Naves
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ORL, Complutense University School of Medicine, Madrid 28040, Spain
- Yulia A Nevzovova, Francisco Javier Cubero, 12 de Octubre Health Research Institute (imas12), Madrid 28041, Spain
| | - Yulia A Nevzorova
- Department of Genetics, Physiology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, Universidad Complutense, Madrid 28040, Spain
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen 52062, Germany
| | - Francisco Javier Cubero
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ORL, Complutense University School of Medicine, Madrid 28040, Spain
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Chen H, Shen F, Sherban A, Nocon A, Li Y, Wang H, Xu MJ, Rui X, Han J, Jiang B, Lee D, Li N, Keyhani-Nejad F, Fan JG, Liu F, Kamat A, Musi N, Guarente L, Pacher P, Gao B, Zang M. DEP domain-containing mTOR-interacting protein suppresses lipogenesis and ameliorates hepatic steatosis and acute-on-chronic liver injury in alcoholic liver disease. Hepatology 2018; 68:496-514. [PMID: 29457836 PMCID: PMC6097912 DOI: 10.1002/hep.29849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Revised: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is characterized by lipid accumulation and liver injury. However, how chronic alcohol consumption causes hepatic lipid accumulation remains elusive. The present study demonstrates that activation of the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) plays a causal role in alcoholic steatosis, inflammation, and liver injury. Chronic-plus-binge ethanol feeding led to hyperactivation of mTORC1, as evidenced by increased phosphorylation of mTOR and its downstream kinase S6 kinase 1 (S6K1) in hepatocytes. Aberrant activation of mTORC1 was likely attributed to the defects of the DEP domain-containing mTOR-interacting protein (DEPTOR) and the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-dependent deacetylase sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) in the liver of chronic-plus-binge ethanol-fed mice and in the liver of patients with ALD. Conversely, adenoviral overexpression of hepatic DEPTOR suppressed mTORC1 signaling and ameliorated alcoholic hepatosteatosis, inflammation, and acute-on-chronic liver injury. Mechanistically, the lipid-lowering effect of hepatic DEPTOR was attributable to decreased proteolytic processing, nuclear translocation, and transcriptional activity of the lipogenic transcription factor sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1 (SREBP-1). DEPTOR-dependent inhibition of mTORC1 also attenuated alcohol-induced cytoplasmic accumulation of the lipogenic regulator lipin 1 and prevented alcohol-mediated inhibition of fatty acid oxidation. Pharmacological intervention with rapamycin alleviated the ability of alcohol to up-regulate lipogenesis, to down-regulate fatty acid oxidation, and to induce steatogenic phenotypes. Chronic-plus-binge ethanol feeding led to activation of SREBP-1 and lipin 1 through S6K1-dependent and independent mechanisms. Furthermore, hepatocyte-specific deletion of SIRT1 disrupted DEPTOR function, enhanced mTORC1 activity, and exacerbated alcoholic fatty liver, inflammation, and liver injury in mice. CONCLUSION The dysregulation of SIRT1-DEPTOR-mTORC1 signaling is a critical determinant of ALD pathology; targeting SIRT1 and DEPTOR and selectively inhibiting mTORC1-S6K1 signaling may have therapeutic potential for treating ALD in humans. (Hepatology 2018).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanqing Chen
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Center for Healthy Aging, University of Texas Health San Antonio, TX78229,Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, Center for Healthy Aging, University of Texas Health San Antonio, TX78229
| | - Feng Shen
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Center for Healthy Aging, University of Texas Health San Antonio, TX78229,Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, Center for Healthy Aging, University of Texas Health San Antonio, TX78229,Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Alex Sherban
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118
| | - Allison Nocon
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118
| | - Yu Li
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118,Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Hua Wang
- Laboratory of Liver Diseases, Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Tissue Injury, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Ming-Jiang Xu
- Laboratory of Liver Diseases, Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Tissue Injury, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Xianliang Rui
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118
| | - Jinyan Han
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118
| | | | - Donghwan Lee
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Center for Healthy Aging, University of Texas Health San Antonio, TX78229,Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, Center for Healthy Aging, University of Texas Health San Antonio, TX78229
| | - Na Li
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Center for Healthy Aging, University of Texas Health San Antonio, TX78229,Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, Center for Healthy Aging, University of Texas Health San Antonio, TX78229,Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Farnaz Keyhani-Nejad
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Center for Healthy Aging, University of Texas Health San Antonio, TX78229,Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, Center for Healthy Aging, University of Texas Health San Antonio, TX78229
| | - Jian-gao Fan
- Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, Center for Healthy Aging, University of Texas Health San Antonio, TX78229
| | - Amrita Kamat
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, TX 78229
| | - Nicolas Musi
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, Center for Healthy Aging, University of Texas Health San Antonio, TX78229,Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, TX 78229
| | - Leonard Guarente
- Department of Biology, Paul F. Glenn Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139
| | - Pal Pacher
- Laboratory of Liver Diseases, Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Tissue Injury, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Bin Gao
- Laboratory of Liver Diseases, Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Tissue Injury, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Mengwei Zang
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Center for Healthy Aging, University of Texas Health San Antonio, TX78229,Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, Center for Healthy Aging, University of Texas Health San Antonio, TX78229,Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, TX 78229,Correspondence to: Mengwei Zang, MD, PhD, Department of Molecular Medicine, Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health San Antonio, 8403 Floyd Curl Dr., Office 292.2, MC8257, STRF-South Texas Research Facility, San Antonio, Texas 78229-3900, Office: 210-562-4213, Fax: 210-562-4138,
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AMPK activation negatively regulates GDAP1, which influences metabolic processes and circadian gene expression in skeletal muscle. Mol Metab 2018; 16:12-23. [PMID: 30093355 PMCID: PMC6157647 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2018.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2018] [Revised: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective We sought to identify AMPK-regulated genes via bioinformatic analysis of microarray data generated from skeletal muscle of animal models with genetically altered AMPK activity. We hypothesized that such genes would play a role in metabolism. Ganglioside-induced differentiation-associated protein 1 (GDAP1), a gene which plays a role in mitochondrial fission and peroxisomal function in neuronal cells but whose function in skeletal muscle is undescribed, was identified and further validated. AMPK activation reduced GDAP1 expression in skeletal muscle. GDAP1 expression was elevated in skeletal muscle from type 2 diabetic patients but decreased after acute exercise. Methods The metabolic impact of GDAP1 silencing was determined in primary skeletal muscle cells via siRNA-transfections. Confocal microscopy was used to visualize whether silencing GDAP1 impacted mitochondrial network morphology and membrane potential. Results GDAP1 silencing increased mitochondrial protein abundance, decreased palmitate oxidation, and decreased non-mitochondrial respiration. Mitochondrial morphology was unaltered by GDAP1 silencing. GDAP1 silencing and treatment of cells with AMPK agonists altered several genes in the core molecular clock machinery. Conclusion We describe a role for GDAP1 in regulating mitochondrial proteins, circadian genes, and metabolic flux in skeletal muscle. Collectively, our results implicate GDAP1 in the circadian control of metabolism. Transcriptomic studies reveal GDAP1 mRNA is inversely associated with AMPK activity. GDAP1 silencing increases mitochondrial protein abundance in skeletal muscle. GDAP1 silencing influences expression of core molecular clock machinery. GDAP1 is a AMPK target involved in metabolism and circadian gene expression.
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Wang J, Kainrad N, Shen H, Zhou Z, Rote P, Zhang Y, Nagy LE, Wu J, You M. Hepatic Knockdown of Splicing Regulator Slu7 Ameliorates Inflammation and Attenuates Liver Injury in Ethanol-Fed Mice. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2018; 188:1807-1819. [PMID: 29870742 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2018.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Aberrant precursor mRNA splicing plays a pivotal role in liver diseases. However, roles of splicing regulators in alcoholic liver disease are unknown. Herein, we investigated a splicing regulator, Slu7, in the development of alcoholic steatohepatitis. Adenovirus-mediated alteration of hepatic Slu7 expression in mice pair fed either with or without (as control) ethanol in their diet was used. Knockdown of hepatic Slu7 by adenovirus-Slu7shRNA treatment ameliorated inflammation and attenuated liver injury in mice after ethanol administration. Mechanistically, reducing liver Slu7 expression increased the expression of sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) full-length and repressed the splicing of SIRT1 into SIRT1-ΔExon8 isoform in ethanol-fed mice. Knockdown of hepatic Slu7 in the ethanol-fed mice also ameliorated splicing of lipin-1 and serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 3 (Srsf3). In concordance with ameliorated splicing of SIRT1, lipin-1, and Srsf3, knockdown of hepatic Slu7 inhibited the activity of NF-κB, normalized iron and zinc homeostasis, reduced oxidative stress, and attenuated liver damage in ethanol-fed mice. In addition, hepatic Slu7 was significantly elevated in patients with alcoholic steatohepatitis. Our present study illustrates a novel role of Slu7 in alcoholic liver injury and suggests that dysregulated Slu7 may contribute to the pathogenesis of human alcoholic steatohepatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayou Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio; Department of Anatomy, School of Fundamental Medical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Noah Kainrad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio
| | - Hong Shen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio; Department of Liver Diseases, Guangdong Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Zhuhai, Zhuhai, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhou Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio
| | - Paula Rote
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio
| | - Yanqiao Zhang
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio
| | - Laura E Nagy
- Department of Pathobiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Jiashin Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio
| | - Min You
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio.
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Chen T, Yan D, Cheng X, Ji X, Bian J, Yin W. miR-1224-5p Enhances Hepatic Lipogenesis by Targeting Adenosine Monophosphate-Activated Protein Kinase α1 in Male Mice. Endocrinology 2018; 159:2008-2021. [PMID: 29474539 DOI: 10.1210/en.2017-03231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs are potential therapeutic targets for metabolic diseases. Here, miR-1224-5p was highly expressed in the livers of mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD) and in obese (ob/ob) mice. To examine the potential role of miR-1224-5p, we constructed liver-specific adenoviral vectors expressing either an miR-1224-5p inhibitor sequence or miR-1224-5p mimic sequences. After tail-vein vector injection, HFD-fed mice were examined for expression of lipogenic genes. We found that miR-1224-5p inhibitors significantly attenuated hepatic lipogenesis and steatosis in HFD-fed mice, whereas miR-1224-5p mimicked promoted lipid accumulation in the liver of chow-fed C57BL/6 mice. Additional in vitro studies demonstrated that downregulation of miR-1224-5p in HepG2 and primary hepatocytes led to a reduction of cellular triglycerides after treatment with an oleic acid and palmitic acid mixture. Importantly, this study also identified adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-α1 as a direct target of miR-1224-5p. miR-1224-5p binding to the 3' untranslated region of AMPKα1 suppressed expression of the AMPKα1 protein and its downstream molecules. Metformin, an activator of AMPK, also inhibited hepatic expression of miR-1224-5p. Together, these findings indicate that miR-1224-5p promotes hepatic lipogenesis by suppressing AMPKα1 expression and suggest that miR-1224-5p inhibitors warrant further investigation as potential therapeutic tools in the treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianxing Chen
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dong Yan
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of TCM, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoying Cheng
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - XiaoJun Ji
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jinjun Bian
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wu Yin
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Disease, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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50
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Bertola A. WITHDRAWN: Rodent models of fatty liver diseases. LIVER RESEARCH 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livres.2018.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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