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Xu C, Yan F, Zhao Y, Jaeschke H, Wu J, Fang L, Zhao L, Zhao Y, Wang L. Hepatocyte miR-21-5p-deficiency alleviates APAP-induced liver injury by inducing PPARγ and autophagy. Toxicol Sci 2024; 198:50-60. [PMID: 38180883 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfad132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Acetaminophen (APAP)-induced liver injury is one of the most frequent causes of acute liver failure worldwide. Significant increases in the levels of miRNA-21 in both liver tissues and plasma have been observed in APAP-overdosed animals and humans. However, the mechanistic effect of miRNA-21 on acute liver injury remains unknown. In this study, we generated a new hepatocyte-specific miRNA-21 knockout (miR-21-HKO) mouse line. miR-21-HKO and the background-matched sibling wild-type (WT) mice were treated with a toxic dose of APAP. Compared with WT mice, miR-21 HKO mice showed an increased survival, a reduction of necrotic hepatocytes, and an increased expression of light chain 3 beta, which suggested an autophagy activation. The expression of PPARγ was highly induced in the livers of miR-21-HKO mice after a 2-h APAP treatment, which preceded the activation of LC3B at the 12 h APAP treatment. miR-21 negatively regulated PPARγ protein expression by targeting its 3'-UTR. When PPARγ function was blocked by a potent antagonist GW9662 in miR-21-HKO mice, the autophage activation was significantly diminished, suggesting an indispensable role of PPARγ signaling pathway in miR-21-mediated hepatotoxicity. Taken together, hepatocyte-specific depletion of miRNA-21 alleviated APAP-induced hepatotoxicity by activating PPARγ and autophagy, demonstrating a crucial new regulatory role of miR-21 in APAP-mediated liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Xu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
| | - Fang Yan
- Department of Pain Management, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
| | - Yulan Zhao
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
| | - Hartmut Jaeschke
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology & Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas 66160, USA
| | - Jianguo Wu
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, USA
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, USA
| | - Li Fang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
| | - Lifang Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
| | - Yuanfei Zhao
- Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung, and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing Anzhen Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Li Wang
- Independent Researcher, Tucson, Arizona 85004, USA
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Huang Y, Liangpunsakul S, Rudraiah S, Ma J, Keshipeddy SK, Wright D, Costa A, Burgess D, Zhang Y, Huda N, Wang L, Yang Z. HMGB2 is a potential diagnostic marker and therapeutic target for liver fibrosis and cirrhosis. Hepatol Commun 2023; 7:e0299. [PMID: 37930124 PMCID: PMC10629741 DOI: 10.1097/hc9.0000000000000299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High mobility group proteins 1 and 2 (HMGB1 and HMGB2) are 80% conserved in amino acid sequence. The function of HMGB1 in inflammation and fibrosis has been extensively characterized. However, an unaddressed central question is the role of HMGB2 on liver fibrosis. In this study, we provided convincing evidence that the HMGB2 expression was significantly upregulated in human liver fibrosis and cirrhosis, as well as in several mouse liver fibrosis models. METHODS The carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced liver fibrosis mouse model was used. AAV8-Hmgb2 was utilized to overexpress Hmgb2 in the liver, while Hmgb2-/- mice were used for loss of function experiments. The HMGB2 inhibitor inflachromene and liposome-shHMGB2 (lipo-shHMGB2) were employed for therapeutic intervention. RESULTS The serum HMGB2 levels were also markedly elevated in patients with liver fibrosis and cirrhosis. Deletion of Hmgb2 in Hmgb2-/- mice or inhibition of HMGB2 in mice using a small molecule ICM slowed the progression of CCl4-induced liver fibrosis despite constant HMGB1 expression. In contrast, AAV8-mediated overexpression of Hmgb2 enchanced CCl4-incuded liver fibrosis. Primary hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) isolated from Hmgb2-/- mice showed significantly impaired transdifferentiation and diminished activation of α-SMA, despite a modest induction of HMGB1 protein. RNA-seq analysis revealed the induction of top 45 CCl4-activated genes in multiple signaling pathways including integrin signaling and inflammation. The activation of these genes by CCl4 were abolished in Hmgb2-/- mice or in ICM-treated mice. These included C-X3-C motif chemokine receptor 1 (Cx3cr1) associated with inflammation, cyclin B (Ccnb) associated with cell cycle, DNA topoisomerase 2-alpha (Top2a) associated with intracellular component, and fibrillin (Fbn) and fibromodulin (Fmod) associated with extracellular matrix. CONCLUSION We conclude that HMGB2 is indispensable for stellate cell activation. Therefore, HMGB2 may serve as a potential therapeutic target to prevent HSC activation during chronic liver injury. The blood HMGB2 level may also serve as a potential diagnostic marker to detect early stage of liver fibrosis and cirrhosis in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Huang
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| | - Suthat Liangpunsakul
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Medicine Service, Roudebush Veterans Administration Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Swetha Rudraiah
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| | - Jing Ma
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Santosh K. Keshipeddy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| | - Dennis Wright
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| | - Antonio Costa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| | - Diane Burgess
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| | - Yuxia Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Nazmul Huda
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Zhihong Yang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
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3
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Murgo E, Colangelo T, Bellet MM, Malatesta F, Mazzoccoli G. Role of the Circadian Gas-Responsive Hemeprotein NPAS2 in Physiology and Pathology. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1354. [PMID: 37887064 PMCID: PMC10603908 DOI: 10.3390/biology12101354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Neuronal PAS domain protein 2 (NPAS2) is a hemeprotein comprising a basic helix-loop-helix domain (bHLH) and two heme-binding sites, the PAS-A and PAS-B domains. This protein acts as a pyridine nucleotide-dependent and gas-responsive CO-dependent transcription factor and is encoded by a gene whose expression fluctuates with circadian rhythmicity. NPAS2 is a core cog of the molecular clockwork and plays a regulatory role on metabolic pathways, is important for the function of the central nervous system in mammals, and is involved in carcinogenesis as well as in normal biological functions and processes, such as cardiovascular function and wound healing. We reviewed the scientific literature addressing the various facets of NPAS2 and framing this gene/protein in several and very different research and clinical fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuele Murgo
- Department of Medical Sciences, Division of Internal Medicine and Chronobiology Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy;
| | - Tommaso Colangelo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Viale Pinto 1, 71100 Foggia, Italy;
- Cancer Cell Signaling Unit, Fondazione IRCCS “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Maria Marina Bellet
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, P.le L. Severi 1, 06132 Perugia, Italy;
| | - Francesco Malatesta
- Department of Biochemical Sciences “Alessandro Rossi Fanelli”, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Mazzoccoli
- Department of Medical Sciences, Division of Internal Medicine and Chronobiology Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy;
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Xi L, Lu Q, Liu Y, Gong Y, Liu H, Jin J, Zhang Z, Yang Y, Zhu X, Han D, Xie S. Study on Carbohydrate Metabolism in Adult Zebrafish ( Danio rerio). AQUACULTURE NUTRITION 2023; 2023:1397508. [PMID: 37901279 PMCID: PMC10611541 DOI: 10.1155/2023/1397508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
Excessive carbohydrate intake leads to metabolic disorders in fish. However, few literatures have reported the appropriate carbohydrate level for zebrafish, and the metabolic response to dietary carbohydrate remains largely unknown in zebrafish. This study assessed the responses of zebrafish and zebrafish liver cell line (ZFL) to different carbohydrate levels. In vivo results showed that ≥30% dietary dextrin levels significantly increased the plasma glucose content, activated the expression of hepatic glycolysis-related genes, and inhibited the expression of hepatic gluconeogenesis-related genes in zebrafish. Oil red O staining, triglyceride content, and Hematoxylin-Eosin staining results showed that dietary dextrin levels of ≥30% significantly increased lipid accumulation and liver damage, as well as processes related to glycolipid metabolism and inflammation in zebrafish. In ZFL, the transcription factor sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c signal intensity, 4,4-difluoro-1,3,5,7,8-pentamethyl-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene (BODIPY 493/503) signal intensity, and triglyceride content were also significantly increased when incubated in high glucose, along with abnormal glycolipid metabolism and increased inflammation-related genes. In conclusion, we demonstrated that the maximum dietary carbohydrate level in adult zebrafish should be less than 30%. Excess dietary carbohydrates (30%-50%) caused hepatic steatosis and damage to zebrafish, similar to that seen in aquaculture species. Thus, this study assessed responses to different carbohydrate levels in zebrafish and illustrated that zebrafish is an optimal model for investigating glucose metabolism in some aquatic animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longwei Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qisheng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yulong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yulong Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Haokun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Junyan Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Zhimin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Yunxia Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Xiaoming Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Dong Han
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Shouqi Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
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5
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Zhou LM, Fan JH, Xu MM, Xiong MY, Wang QJ, Chai X, Li XD, Li XG, Ye XL. Epiberberine regulates lipid synthesis through SHP (NR0B2) to improve non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2023; 1869:166639. [PMID: 36638873 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Epiberberine (EPI), extracted from Rhizome Coptidis, has been shown to attenuate hyperlipidemia in vivo. Herein we have studied the mechanism by which EPI is active against non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) using, mice fed on a methionine- and choline-deficient (MCD) diet and HepG2 cells exposed to free fatty acids (FFA). We show that small heterodimer partner (SHP) protein is key in the regulation of lipid synthesis. In HepG2 cells and in the livers of MCD-fed mice, EPI elevated SHP levels, and this was accompanied by a reduction in sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c) and FASN. Therefore, EPI reduced triglyceride (TG) accumulation in steatotic hepatocytes, even in HepG2 cells treated with siRNA-SHP, and also improved microbiota. Thus, EPI suppresses hepatic TG synthesis and ameliorates liver steatosis by upregulating SHP and inhibiting the SREBP1/FASN pathway, and improves gut microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Ming Zhou
- Engineering Research Center of Coptis Development & Utilization (Ministry of Education), School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jin-Hua Fan
- Engineering Research Center of Coptis Development & Utilization (Ministry of Education), School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Min-Min Xu
- Engineering Research Center of Coptis Development & Utilization (Ministry of Education), School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Meng-Yuan Xiong
- Engineering Research Center of Coptis Development & Utilization (Ministry of Education), School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Qiao-Jiao Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Coptis Development & Utilization (Ministry of Education), School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xue Chai
- Engineering Research Center of Coptis Development & Utilization (Ministry of Education), School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xiao-Duo Li
- Engineering Research Center of Coptis Development & Utilization (Ministry of Education), School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xue-Gang Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.
| | - Xiao-Li Ye
- Engineering Research Center of Coptis Development & Utilization (Ministry of Education), School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
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6
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Gao J, Sun X, Zhou Q, Jiang S, Zhang Y, Ge H, Qin X. Circadian clock disruption aggravates alcohol liver disease in an acute mouse model. Chronobiol Int 2022; 39:1554-1566. [PMID: 36354126 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2022.2132865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Circadian rhythms are important for organisms to adapt to the environment and maintain homeostasis. Disruptions of circadian rhythms contribute to the occurrence, progression, and exacerbation of diseases, such as cancer, psychiatric disorders, and metabolic disorders. Alcohol-induced liver disease (ALD) is one of the most prevalent liver diseases. Disruptions of the circadian clock enhance the ALD symptoms using chronic mice models or genetic manipulated mice. However, chronic models are time consuming and clock gene deletions interfere with metabolisms. Here, we report that constant light (LL) condition significantly disrupted the circadian clock in an acute ALD model, resulting in aggravated ALD phenotypes in wild type mice. Comparative transcriptome analysis revealed that the alcohol feeding affected the circadian pathway, as well as metabolic pathways. The acute alcohol feeding plus the LL condition further interfered with metabolic pathways and dysregulated canonical circadian gene expressions. These findings support the idea that disrupting the circadian clock could provide an improved ALD mouse model for further applications, such as facilitating identification of potential therapeutic targets for the prevention and treatment of ALD.Abbreviations: ALD, alcohol-induced liver disease; LD, 12 h light _ 12 h dark; LL, constant light; HF, high-fat liquid control diet; ETH, ethanol-containing diet; NIAAA, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism; TTFLs, transcription-translation feedback loops; FDA, US Foods and Drug Administration; NAFLD, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; RER, respiratory exchange rate; DEGs, differentially expressed genes; H&E, haematoxylin and eosin; ALT, alanine transaminase; AST, aspartate transaminase; TG, triglycerides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Gao
- Institute of Health Sciences, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Xianpu Sun
- Institute of Health Sciences, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Qin Zhou
- Institute of Health Sciences, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Shuo Jiang
- Institute of Health Sciences, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Yunfei Zhang
- Modern Experiment Technology Center, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Honghua Ge
- Institute of Health Sciences, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Ximing Qin
- Institute of Health Sciences, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
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7
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Ouyang Q, Hu S, Tang B, Hu B, Hu J, He H, Li L, Wang J. Comparative Transcriptome Analysis Provides Novel Insights into the Effect of Lipid Metabolism on Laying of Geese. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12141775. [PMID: 35883321 PMCID: PMC9311715 DOI: 10.3390/ani12141775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The importance of lipid metabolism in the egg production of poultry has been widely reported. Meanwhile, geese have lower egg production and unique lipid metabolism patterns compared with chicken and duck. It is of great significance to further improve egg laying performance to explore the differences of fat metabolism and the molecular mechanisms in geese with different egg laying performance. This study compared the phenotypic differences of liver and abdominal fat, as well as the transcriptome level differences of liver, abdominal fat, and ovarian stroma among high-, low-, and no-egg production groups. The results reveal that lipid metabolism regulated by the circadian rhythm of the liver may directly or indirectly affect ovarian function through the inflammation and hormone secretion of abdominal fat. Abstract The lower egg production of geese (20~60 eggs per year) compared with chicken and duck limits the development of the industry, while the yolk weight and fatty liver susceptibility of geese was higher than that of other poultry. Therefore, the relationship between lipid metabolism and the laying performance of geese remains to be explored. Phenotypically, we observed that the liver fat content of the high-, low-, and no-egg production groups decreased in turn, while the abdominal fat weight increased in turn. For transcriptional regulation, the KEGG pathways related to lipid metabolism were enriched in all pairwise comparisons of abdominal fat and liver through functional analysis. However, some KEGG pathways related to inflammation and the circadian rhythm pathway were enriched by DEGs only in abdominal fat and the liver, respectively. The DEGs in ovarian stroma among different groups enriched some KEGG pathways related to ovarian steroidogenesis and cell adhesion. Our research reveals that lipid metabolism regulated by the circadian rhythm of the liver may directly or indirectly affect ovarian function through the inflammation and hormone secretion of abdominal fat. These results offer new insights into the regulation mechanisms of goose reproductive traits.
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Song Y, Tran M, Wang L, Shin DJ, Wu J. MiR-200c-3p targets SESN1 and represses the IL-6/AKT loop to prevent cholangiocyte activation and cholestatic liver fibrosis. J Transl Med 2022; 102:485-493. [PMID: 34880414 PMCID: PMC9042705 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-021-00710-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cholestasis causes ductular reaction in the liver where the reactive cholangiocytes not only proliferate but also gain a neuroendocrine-like phenotype, leading to inflammatory cell infiltration and extracellular matrix deposition and contributing to the development and progression of cholestatic liver fibrosis. This study aims to elucidate the role of miR-200c in cholestasis-induced biliary liver fibrosis and cholangiocyte activation. We found that miR-200c was extremely abundant in cholangiocytes but was reduced by cholestasis in a bile duct ligation (BDL) mouse model; miR-200c was also decreased by bile acids in vitro. Phenotypically, loss of miR-200c exacerbated cholestatic liver injury, including periductular fibrosis, intrahepatic inflammation, and biliary hyperplasia in both the BDL model and the 3,5-diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-dihydrocollidine (DDC) model. We identified sestrin 1 (SESN1) as a target of miR-200c. Sesn1-/--BDL mice showed mitigation of cholestatic liver injury. On a molecular level, the pro-proliferative IL-6/AKT feedback loop was activated in Mir200c-/- livers but was inhibited in Sesn1-/- livers upon cholestasis in mice. Furthermore, rescuing expression of miR-200c by the adeno-associated virus serotype 8 ameliorated BDL-induced liver injury in Mir200c-/- mice. Taken together, this study demonstrates that miR-200c restrains the proliferative and neuroendocrine-like activation of cholangiocytes by targeting SESN1 and inhibiting the IL-6/AKT feedback loop to protect against cholestatic liver fibrosis. Our findings provide mechanistic insights regarding biliary liver fibrosis, which may help to reveal novel therapeutic targets for the treatment of cholestatic liver injury and liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongfeng Song
- grid.63054.340000 0001 0860 4915Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT USA ,grid.460018.b0000 0004 1769 9639Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Institute of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Shandong, China
| | - Melanie Tran
- grid.63054.340000 0001 0860 4915Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT USA
| | - Li Wang
- Independent Researcher, Tucson, AZ USA
| | - Dong-Ju Shin
- grid.63054.340000 0001 0860 4915Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT USA
| | - Jianguo Wu
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA. .,Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
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The Role and Mechanism of Oxidative Stress and Nuclear Receptors in the Development of NAFLD. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:6889533. [PMID: 34745420 PMCID: PMC8566046 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6889533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and consequent oxidative stress contribute to the pathogenesis of acute and chronic liver diseases. It is now acknowledged that nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is characterized as a redox-centered disease due to the role of ROS in hepatic metabolism. However, the underlying mechanisms accounting for these alternations are not completely understood. Several nuclear receptors (NRs) are dysregulated in NAFLD, and have a direct influence on the expression of a set of genes relating to the progress of hepatic lipid homeostasis and ROS generation. Meanwhile, the NRs act as redox sensors in response to metabolic stress. Therefore, targeting NRs may represent a promising strategy for improving oxidation damage and treating NAFLD. This review summarizes the link between impaired lipid metabolism and oxidative stress and highlights some NRs involved in regulating oxidant/antioxidant turnover in the context of NAFLD, shedding light on potential therapies based on NR-mediated modulation of ROS generation and lipid accumulation.
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10
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Investigation of the hepatic mTOR/S6K1/SREBP1 signalling pathway in rats at different ages: from neonates to adults. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:7415-7422. [PMID: 34655015 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06757-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dysfunctions in the lipogenic process controlled by the hepatic mTOR/S6K1/SREBP-1c signaling pathway may contribute to the pathogenesis of various chronic diseases. In the present study, we aimed to determine age-related changes in the mTOR/S6K1/SREBP1 pathway in rat liver tissues. METHODS AND RESULTS We performed Western Blot analysis to determine age-related changes in the mTOR/S6K1/SREBP1 pathway in Sprague Dawley male rats liver tissues of six different age groups representing neonatal, infant, weaning, puberty, young adult, adult life periods, and Oil Red O staining to evaluate age-related lipid accumulation. We observed an increase in Akt and p-Akt levels with age in compared to the 0-day-old group. Total mTOR and SREBP1 expression increased from the 0-day-old to the 28-day-old group but decreased in the following age groups. p-mTOR and p-S6K1 levels in the 0-day-old group were higher than the other groups. S6K1 expression was lowest in the 0-day-old group and showed changes among the age groups. Lipid accumulation was seen in liver sections taken from the 12-month-old group. mTOR/S6K1/SREBP1 pathway expression showed changes with age during the neonatal-adult life cycle stages in rat liver tissues. CONCLUSION We suggest that understanding the molecular mechanisms age-related changes of lipogenesis function is necessary to contribute to the development of therapeutic approaches.
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11
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Shu Y, Hassan F, Ostrowski MC, Mehta KD. Role of hepatic PKCβ in nutritional regulation of hepatic glycogen synthesis. JCI Insight 2021; 6:149023. [PMID: 34622807 PMCID: PMC8525638 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.149023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The signaling mechanisms by which dietary fat and cholesterol signals regulate central pathways of glucose homeostasis are not completely understood. By using a hepatocyte-specific PKCβ-deficient (PKCβHep-/-) mouse model, we demonstrated the role of hepatic PKCβ in slowing disposal of glucose overload by suppressing glycogenesis and increasing hepatic glucose output. PKCβHep-/- mice exhibited lower plasma glucose under the fed condition, modestly improved systemic glucose tolerance and mildly suppressed gluconeogenesis, increased hepatic glycogen accumulation and synthesis due to elevated glucokinase expression and activated glycogen synthase (GS), and suppressed glucose-6-phosphatase expression compared with controls. These events were independent of hepatic AKT/GSK-3α/β signaling and were accompanied by increased HNF-4α transactivation, reduced FoxO1 protein abundance, and elevated expression of GS targeting protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 3C in the PKCβHep-/- liver compared with controls. The above data strongly imply that hepatic PKCβ deficiency causes hypoglycemia postprandially by promoting glucose phosphorylation via upregulating glucokinase and subsequently redirecting more glucose-6-phosphate to glycogen via activating GS. In summary, hepatic PKCβ has a unique and essential ability to induce a coordinated response that negatively affects glycogenesis at multiple levels under physiological postprandial conditions, thereby integrating nutritional fat intake with dysregulation of glucose homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoling Shu
- Department of Biological Chemistry & Pharmacology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Faizule Hassan
- Department of Biological Chemistry & Pharmacology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Michael C Ostrowski
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Holling Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Kamal D Mehta
- Department of Biological Chemistry & Pharmacology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA.,Instacare Therapeutics, Dublin, Ohio, USA
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12
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Yang Z, Smalling RV, Huang Y, Jiang Y, Kusumanchi P, Bogaert W, Wang L, Delker DA, Skill NJ, Han S, Zhang T, Ma J, Huda N, Liangpunsakul S. The role of SHP/REV-ERBα/CYP4A axis in the pathogenesis of alcohol-associated liver disease. JCI Insight 2021; 6:e140687. [PMID: 34423788 PMCID: PMC8410014 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.140687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) represents a spectrum of histopathological changes, including alcoholic steatosis, steatohepatitis, and cirrhosis. One of the early responses to excessive alcohol consumption is lipid accumulation in the hepatocytes. Lipid ω-hydroxylation of medium- and long-chain fatty acid metabolized by the cytochrome P450 4A (CYP4A) family is an alternative pathway for fatty acid metabolism. The molecular mechanisms of CYP4A in ALD pathogenesis have not been elucidated. In this study, WT and Shp−/− mice were fed with a modified ethanol-binge, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism model (10 days of ethanol feeding plus single binge). Liver tissues were collected every 6 hours for 24 hours and analyzed using RNA-Seq. The effects of REV-ERBα agonist (SR9009, 100 mg/kg/d) or CYP4A antagonist (HET0016, 5 mg/kg/d) in ethanol-fed mice were also evaluated. We found that hepatic Cyp4a10 and Cyp4a14 expression were significantly upregulated in WT mice, but not in Shp−/− mice, fed with ethanol. ChIP quantitative PCR and promoter assay revealed that REV-ERBα is the transcriptional repressor of Cyp4a10 and Cyp4a14. Rev-Erbα−/− hepatocytes had a marked induction of both Cyp4a genes and lipid accumulation. REV-ERBα agonist SR9009 or CYP4A antagonist HET0016 attenuated Cyp4a induction by ethanol and prevented alcohol-induced steatosis. Here, we have identified a role for the SHP/REV-ERBα/CYP4A axis in the pathogenesis of ALD. Our data also suggest REV-ERBα or CYP4A as the potential therapeutic targets for ALD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihong Yang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Rana V Smalling
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Yi Huang
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| | - Yanchao Jiang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Praveen Kusumanchi
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Will Bogaert
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Digestive Diseases, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Don A Delker
- Divisions of Gastroenterology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Nicholas J Skill
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Sen Han
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Ting Zhang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Jing Ma
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Nazmul Huda
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Suthat Liangpunsakul
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.,Roudebush Veterans Administration Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
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13
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Wu J, Nagy LE, Wang L. The long and the small collide: LncRNAs and small heterodimer partner (SHP) in liver disease. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2021; 528:111262. [PMID: 33781837 PMCID: PMC8087644 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2021.111262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a large and diverse class of RNA molecules that are transcribed but not translated into proteins, with a length of more than 200 nucleotides. LncRNAs are involved in gene expression and regulation. The abnormal expression of lncRNAs is associated with disease pathogenesis. Small heterodimer partner (SHP, NR0B2) is a unique orphan nuclear receptor that plays a pivotal role in many biological processes by acting as a transcriptional repressor. In this review, we present the critical roles of SHP and summarize recent findings demonstrating the regulation between lncRNAs and SHP in liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianguo Wu
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA; Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
| | - Laura E Nagy
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA; Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Li Wang
- Independent Researcher, Tucson, AZ, USA
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14
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PPARs in liver physiology. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2021; 1867:166097. [PMID: 33524529 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2021.166097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are nuclear receptors and transcriptional modulators with crucial functions in hepatic and whole-body energy homeostasis. Besides their well-documented roles in lipid and glucose metabolism, emerging evidence also implicate PPARs in the control of other processes such as inflammatory responses. Recent technological advances, such as single-cell RNA sequencing, have allowed to unravel an unexpected complexity in the regulation of PPAR expression, activity and downstream signaling. Here we provide an overview of the latest advances in the study of PPARs in liver physiology, with a specific focus on formerly neglected aspects of PPAR regulation, such as tissular zonation, cellular heterogeneity, circadian rhythms, sexual dimorphism and species-specific features.
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15
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Mukherji A, Dachraoui M, Baumert TF. Perturbation of the circadian clock and pathogenesis of NAFLD. Metabolism 2020; 111S:154337. [PMID: 32795560 PMCID: PMC7613429 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2020.154337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
All living organisms including humans, experience changes in the light exposure generated by the Earth's rotation. In anticipation of this unavoidable geo-physical variability, and to generate an appropriate biochemical response, species of many phyla, including mammals have evolved a nearly 24-hour endogenous timing device known as the circadian clock (CC), which is self-sustained, cell autonomous and is present in every cell type. At the heart of the 'clock' functioning resides the CC-oscillator, an elegantly designed transcriptional-translational feedback system. Notably, the core components of the CC-oscillator not only drive daily rhythmicity of their own synthesis, but also generate circadian phase-specific variability in the expression levels of thousands of target genes through transcriptional, post-transcriptional and post-translational mechanisms. Thereby, this 'clock'-system provides proper chronological coordination in the functioning of cells, tissues and organs. The CC governs many physiologically critical functions. Among these functions, the key role of the CC in maintaining metabolic homeostasis deserves special emphasis. Indeed, the several features of the modern lifestyle (e.g. travel-induced jet lag, rotating shift work, energy-dense food) which, force disruption of circadian rhythms have recently emerged as a major driver to global health problems like obesity, cardiovascular disease and metabolic liver disease such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Here we review, the CC-dependent pathways in different tissues which play critical roles in mediating several critical metabolic functions under physiological conditions and discuss their impact for the development of metabolic disease with a focus on the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atish Mukherji
- Université de Strasbourg, Inserm, Institut de Recherche sur les Maladies Virales et Hépatiques INSERM, UMR_S 1110, Strasbourg, France.
| | - Mayssa Dachraoui
- Université de Strasbourg, Inserm, Institut de Recherche sur les Maladies Virales et Hépatiques INSERM, UMR_S 1110, Strasbourg, France
| | - Thomas F Baumert
- Université de Strasbourg, Inserm, Institut de Recherche sur les Maladies Virales et Hépatiques INSERM, UMR_S 1110, Strasbourg, France; Pôle Hépato-Digestif, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.
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16
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Liu Y, Li Q, Wang H, Zhao X, Li N, Zhang H, Chen G, Liu Z. Fish oil alleviates circadian bile composition dysregulation in male mice with NAFLD. J Nutr Biochem 2019; 69:53-62. [PMID: 31055233 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2019.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Our previous studies have found that fish oil rich in ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 PUFA) protects against non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in mice. This study was aimed to explore the effects of fish oil on high fat diet (HFD)-induced circadian bile composition chaos. Male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into three groups, a control group (CON), a HFD group and a fish oil (FO) group, which were fed a normal chow diet, a HFD, and a HFD supplemented with FO, respectively for 12 weeks. At the end of the experiment, liver tissue, blood and bile samples were processed at 12-h intervals with the first one at zeitgeber time 0 (ZT0) and the second at zeitgeber time 12 (ZT12). Metabolites in bile were determined using UPLC-QTOF-MS, screened using multivariate statistical analysis, and analyzed using KEGG database and Metaboanalyst. The expression levels of key proteins in bile acid metabolism were examined using western blot. Results of biochemical analysis and H&E staining illustrated that feeding of HFD induced NAFLD, which was ameliorated in FO group. The bile content of each group at ZT0 (CON, HFD, or FO group) was respectively higher than that at ZT12 (P<.05). The metabolic pathway analysis of differential metabolites showed that these differences were correlated with amino acid metabolism, fatty acid biosynthesis and primary bile acid synthesis at ZT0. FO supplement could modify bile composition, which was related to the influence of its ω-3 PUFA on liver metabolism. ω-3 PUFA may also regulate the circadian rhythm of bile metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Hubei Province Engineering Research Center of Healthy Food, School of Biology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Qi Li
- Hubei Province Engineering Research Center of Healthy Food, School of Biology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Hualin Wang
- Hubei Province Engineering Research Center of Healthy Food, School of Biology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China.
| | - Xiuju Zhao
- Hubei Province Engineering Research Center of Healthy Food, School of Biology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Na Li
- Hubei Province Engineering Research Center of Healthy Food, School of Biology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Hongyu Zhang
- Hubei Province Engineering Research Center of Healthy Food, School of Biology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Guoxun Chen
- Department of Nutrition, University of Tennessee at Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, United States
| | - Zhiguo Liu
- Hubei Province Engineering Research Center of Healthy Food, School of Biology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China.
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17
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Hasan KM, Friedman TC, Shao X, Parveen M, Sims C, Lee DL, Espinoza-Derout J, Sinha-Hikim I, Sinha-Hikim AP. E-cigarettes and Western Diet: Important Metabolic Risk Factors for Hepatic Diseases. Hepatology 2019; 69:2442-2454. [PMID: 30664268 PMCID: PMC6636679 DOI: 10.1002/hep.30512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The use of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS), also known as e-cigarettes, with a variety of e-liquids/e-juices, is increasing at an alarming rate among adolescents who do not realize the potential harmful health effects. This study examines the harmful effects of ENDS on the liver. Apolipoprotein E null (ApoE-/-) mice on a western diet (WD) were exposed to saline or ENDS with 2.4% nicotine aerosol for 12 weeks using our mouse ENDS exposure model system, which delivers nicotine to mice and leads to equivalent serum cotinine levels found in human cigarette users. ApoE-/- mice on a WD exposed to ENDS exhibited a marked increase in hepatic lipid accumulation compared with ApoE-/- on a similar diet exposed to saline aerosol. The detrimental effects of ENDS on hepatic steatosis were associated with significantly greater oxidative stress, increased hepatic triglyceride levels, and increased hepatocyte apoptosis, independent of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase signaling. In addition, hepatic RNA sequencing analysis revealed that 433 genes were differentially expressed in ENDS-exposed mice on WD compared with saline-exposed mice. Functional analysis indicates that genes associated with lipid metabolism, cholesterol biosynthesis, and circadian rhythm were most significantly altered in the liver in response to ENDS. Conclusion: These results demonstrate profound adverse effects of ENDS on the liver. This is important information for regulatory agencies as they regulate ENDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamrul M. Hasan
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Charles R. Drew University, Los Angeles, CA 90059
| | - Theodore C Friedman
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Charles R. Drew University, Los Angeles, CA 90059,,David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Xuesi Shao
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Charles R. Drew University, Los Angeles, CA 90059,,David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Meher Parveen
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Charles R. Drew University, Los Angeles, CA 90059
| | - Carl Sims
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Charles R. Drew University, Los Angeles, CA 90059
| | - Desean L. Lee
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Charles R. Drew University, Los Angeles, CA 90059
| | - Jorge Espinoza-Derout
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Charles R. Drew University, Los Angeles, CA 90059
| | - Indrani Sinha-Hikim
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Charles R. Drew University, Los Angeles, CA 90059,,David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Amiya P. Sinha-Hikim
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Charles R. Drew University, Los Angeles, CA 90059,,David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095
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18
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Shi D, Chen J, Wang J, Yao J, Huang Y, Zhang G, Bao Z. Circadian Clock Genes in the Metabolism of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Front Physiol 2019; 10:423. [PMID: 31139087 PMCID: PMC6517678 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common disease, which is characterized by the accumulation of triglycerides in the hepatocytes without excess alcohol intake. Circadian rhythms can participate in lipid, glucose, and cholesterol metabolism and are closely related to metabolism seen in this disease. Circadian clock genes can modulate liver lipid metabolism. Desynchrony of circadian rhythms and the influences imparted by external environmental stimuli can increase morbidity. By contrast, synchronizing circadian rhythms can help to alleviate the metabolic disturbance seen in NAFLD. In this review, we have discussed the current research connections that exist between the circadian clock and the metabolism of NAFLD, and we have specifically focused on the key circadian clock genes, Bmal1, Clock, Rev-Erbs, Rors, Pers, Crys, Nocturnin, and DECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Shi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Geriatrics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaofeng Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Geriatrics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianfeng Yao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiqin Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gansheng Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhijun Bao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Geriatrics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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19
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Zhang W, Chen H, Sun C, Wu B, Bai B, Liu H, Shan X, Liang G, Zhang Y. A novel resveratrol analog PA19 attenuates obesity‑induced cardiac and renal injury by inhibiting inflammation and inflammatory cell infiltration. Mol Med Rep 2019; 19:4770-4778. [PMID: 31059027 PMCID: PMC6522815 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a major global health concern and induces numerous complications, such as heart and kidney injury. Inflammation is an important pathogenic mechanism underlying obesity‑associated tissue injury. (1E,4E)‑1‑{2,4‑Dimethoxy‑6‑[(E)‑4‑methoxystyryl]phenyl}‑5‑(2,4‑dimethoxyphenyl)penta‑1,4‑dien‑3‑one (PA19) is a novel anti‑inflammatory compound synthesized by our research group. In the present study, the efficacy of PA19 in attenuating high‑fat diet (HFD)‑induced heart and kidney injury was investigated. Heart and kidney pathological injury and fibrosis were detected by hematoxylin and eosin and Sirius red staining, respectively. The expression levels of inflammatory genes and fibrosis‑associated protein were determined by reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting. ELISA was used to detect the level of inflammatory cytokines. Following 20 weeks of HFD treatment, mice exhibited increased lipid accumulation in the serum, heart and kidney injury and fibrosis, and inflammation and inflammatory cell infiltration compared with mice fed a control diet. Conversely, treatment with PA19 during the final 12 weeks of the study significantly reduced the degree of heart and kidney fibrosis and inflammation induced by HFD. The results suggested that PA19 attenuates heart and kidney inflammation and injury induced by HFD, and indicated that PA19 may be a novel therapeutic agent in the treatment of obesity, and obesity‑induced cardiac and renal injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxin Zhang
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, P.R. China
| | - Hongjin Chen
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, P.R. China
| | - Chuchu Sun
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, P.R. China
| | - Beibei Wu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Bin Bai
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, P.R. China
| | - Hui Liu
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoou Shan
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Guang Liang
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, P.R. China
| | - Yali Zhang
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, P.R. China
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20
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Gnocchi D, Custodero C, Sabbà C, Mazzocca A. Circadian rhythms: a possible new player in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease pathophysiology. J Mol Med (Berl) 2019; 97:741-759. [PMID: 30953079 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-019-01780-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 03/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Over the last decades, a better knowledge of the molecular machinery supervising the regulation of circadian clocks has been achieved, and numerous findings have helped in unravelling the outstanding significance of the molecular clock for the proper regulation of our physiologic and metabolic homeostasis. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is currently considered as one of the emerging liver pathologies in the Western countries due to the modification of eating habits and lifestyle. Although NAFLD is considered a pretty benign condition, it can progress towards non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and eventually hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The pathogenic mechanisms involved in NAFLD development are complex, since this disease is a multifactorial condition. Major metabolic deregulations along with a genetic background are believed to take part in this process. In this light, the aim of this review is to give a comprehensive description of how our circadian machinery is regulated and to describe to what extent our internal clock is involved in the regulation of hormonal and metabolic homeostasis, and by extension in the development and progression of NAFLD/NASH and eventually in the onset of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Gnocchi
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari School of Medicine, Piazza G. Cesare, 11, 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Carlo Custodero
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari School of Medicine, Piazza G. Cesare, 11, 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Carlo Sabbà
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari School of Medicine, Piazza G. Cesare, 11, 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Antonio Mazzocca
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari School of Medicine, Piazza G. Cesare, 11, 70124, Bari, Italy.
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21
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Kim YC, Byun S, Seok S, Guo G, Xu HE, Kemper B, Kemper JK. Small Heterodimer Partner and Fibroblast Growth Factor 19 Inhibit Expression of NPC1L1 in Mouse Intestine and Cholesterol Absorption. Gastroenterology 2019; 156:1052-1065. [PMID: 30521806 PMCID: PMC6409196 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2018.11.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The nuclear receptor subfamily 0 group B member 2 (NR0B2, also called SHP) is expressed at high levels in the liver and intestine. Postprandial fibroblast growth factor 19 (human FGF19, mouse FGF15) signaling increases the transcriptional activity of SHP. We studied the functions of SHP and FGF19 in the intestines of mice, including their regulation of expression of the cholesterol transporter NPC1L1 )NPC1-like intracellular cholesterol transporter 1) and cholesterol absorption. METHODS We performed histologic and biochemical analyses of intestinal tissues from C57BL/6 and SHP-knockout mice and performed RNA-sequencing analyses to identify genes regulated by SHP. The effects of fasting and refeeding on intestinal expression of NPC1L1 were examined in C57BL/6, SHP-knockout, and FGF15-knockout mice. Mice were given FGF19 daily for 1 week; fractional cholesterol absorption, cholesterol and bile acid (BA) levels, and composition of BAs were measured. Intestinal organoids were generated from C57BL/6 and SHP-knockout mice, and cholesterol uptake was measured. Luciferase reporter assays were performed with HT29 cells. RESULTS We found that the genes that regulate lipid and ion transport in intestine, including NPC1L1, were up-regulated and that cholesterol absorption was increased in SHP-knockout mice compared with C57BL/6 mice. Expression of NPC1L1 was reduced in C57BL/6 mice after refeeding after fasting but not in SHP-knockout or FGF15-knockout mice. SHP-knockout mice had altered BA composition compared with C57BL/6 mice. FGF19 injection reduced expression of NPC1L1, decreased cholesterol absorption, and increased levels of hydrophilic BAs, including tauro-α- and -β-muricholic acids; these changes were not observed in SHP-knockout mice. SREBF2 (sterol regulatory element binding transcription factor 2), which regulates cholesterol, activated transcription of NPC1L1. FGF19 signaling led to phosphorylation of SHP, which inhibited SREBF2 activity. CONCLUSIONS Postprandial FGF19 and SHP inhibit SREBF2, which leads to repression of intestinal NPC1L1 expression and cholesterol absorption. Strategies to increase FGF19 signaling to activate SHP might be developed for treatment of hypercholesterolemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Chae Kim
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois.
| | - Sangwon Byun
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Sunmi Seok
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Grace Guo
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - H Eric Xu
- Laboratory of Structure Sciences, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, Michigan
| | - Byron Kemper
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Jongsook Kim Kemper
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois.
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22
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Chen M, Guo L, Dong D, Yu F, Zhang T, Wu B. The nuclear receptor Shp regulates morphine withdrawal syndrome via modulation of Ugt2b expression in mice. Biochem Pharmacol 2019; 161:163-172. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2019.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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23
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H19 potentiates let-7 family expression through reducing PTBP1 binding to their precursors in cholestasis. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:168. [PMID: 30778047 PMCID: PMC6379488 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1423-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2018] [Revised: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Cholestasis induces the hepatic long non-coding RNA H19, which promotes the progression of cholestatic liver fibrosis. However, microRNAs that are dysregulated by H19 during cholestasis remain elusive. Using miRNA-sequencing analysis followed by qPCR validation, we identified marked upregulation of eight members of the let-7 family in cholestatic livers by bile duct ligation (BDL) and H19 overexpression. In particular, the expression of let-7a-1/7d/7f-1 was highly induced in H19-BDL livers but decreased in H19KO-BDL livers. Interestingly, H19 decreased the nuclear let-7 precursors as well as the primary transcripts of let-7a-1/7d/7f-1 levels in BDL mouse livers. Bioinformatics, RNA pull-down, and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays revealed that the crucial RNA-binding protein polypyrimidine tract-binding protein 1 (PTBP1), an H19 interaction partner, interacted with the precursors of let-7a-1 and let-7d and suppressed their maturation. Both PTBP1 and let-7 expression was differentially regulated by different bile acid species in hepatocyte and cholangiocyte cells. Further, H19 negatively regulated PTBP1's mRNA and protein levels but did not affect its subcellular distribution in BDL mouse livers. Moreover, we found that H19 restrained but PTBP1 facilitated the bioavailability of let-7 miRNAs to their targets. Taken together, this study revealed for the first time that H19 promoted let-7 expression by decreasing PTBP1's expression level and its binding to the let-7 precursors in cholestasis.
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Abstract
Nuclear receptors (NRs) are ligand-dependent transcription factors that are involved in various biological processes including metabolism, reproduction, and development. Upon activation by their ligands, NRs bind to their specific DNA elements, exerting their biological functions by regulating their target gene expression. Bile acids are detergent-like molecules that are synthesized in the liver. They not only function as a facilitator for the digestion of lipids and fat-soluble vitamins but also serve as signaling molecules for several nuclear receptors to regulate diverse biological processes including lipid, glucose, and energy metabolism, detoxification and drug metabolism, liver regeneration, and cancer. The nuclear receptors including farnesoid X receptor (FXR), pregnane X receptor (PXR), constitutive androstane receptor (CAR), vitamin D receptor (VDR), and small heterodimer partner (SHP) constitute an integral part of the bile acid signaling. This chapter reviews the role of the NRs in bile acid homeostasis, highlighting the regulatory functions of the NRs in lipid and glucose metabolism in addition to bile acid metabolism.
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25
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Zhang T, Yu F, Guo L, Chen M, Yuan X, Wu B. Small Heterodimer Partner Regulates Circadian Cytochromes p450 and Drug-Induced Hepatotoxicity. Theranostics 2018; 8:5246-5258. [PMID: 30555544 PMCID: PMC6276094 DOI: 10.7150/thno.28676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of small heterodimer partner (SHP) in regulation of xenobiotic detoxification remains elusive. Here, we uncover a critical role for SHP in circadian regulation of cytochromes P450 (CYPs) and drug-induced hepatotoxicity. Methods: The mRNA and protein levels of CYPs in the livers of wild-type and SHP-/- mice were measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting, respectively. Regulation of CYP by SHP was investigated using luciferase reporter, mobility shift, chromatin immunoprecipitation, and/or co-immunoprecipitation assays. Results: The circadian rhythmicities of xenobiotic-detoxifying CYP mRNAs and proteins were disrupted in SHP-deficient mice. Of note, SHP ablation up-regulated Cyp2c38 and Cyp2c39, whereas it down-regulated all other CYP genes. Moreover, SHP regulated the expression of CYP genes through different mechanisms. SHP repressed Lrh-1/Hnf4α to down-regulate Cyp2c38, E4bp4 to up-regulate Cyp2a5, Dec2/HNF1α axis to up-regulate Cyp1a2, Cyp2e1 and Cyp3a11, and Rev-erbα to up-regulate Cyp2b10, Cyp4a10 and Cyp4a14. Furthermore, SHP ablation sensitized mice to theophylline (or mitoxantrone)-induced toxicity. Higher level of toxicity was correlated with down-regulated metabolism and clearance of theophylline (or mitoxantrone). In contrast, SHP ablation blunted the circadian rhythmicity of acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity and alleviated the toxicity by down-regulating Cyp2e1-mediated metabolism and reducing formation of the toxic metabolite. Toxicity alleviation by SHP ablation was also observed for aflatoxin B1 due to reduced formation of the toxic epoxide metabolite. Conclusion: SHP participates in circadian regulation of CYP enzymes, thereby impacting xenobiotic metabolism and drug-induced hepatotoxicity.
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26
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Bailey SM. Emerging role of circadian clock disruption in alcohol-induced liver disease. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2018; 315:G364-G373. [PMID: 29848023 PMCID: PMC6732736 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00010.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The detrimental health effects of excessive alcohol consumption are well documented. Alcohol-induced liver disease (ALD) is the leading cause of death from chronic alcohol use. As with many diseases, the etiology of ALD is influenced by how the liver responds to other secondary insults. The molecular circadian clock is an intrinsic cellular timing system that helps organisms adapt and synchronize metabolism to changes in their environment. The clock also influences how tissues respond to toxic, environmental, and metabolic stressors, like alcohol. Consistent with the essential role for clocks in maintaining health, genetic and environmental disruption of the circadian clock contributes to disease. While a large amount of rich literature is available showing that alcohol disrupts circadian-driven behaviors and that circadian clock disruption increases alcohol drinking and preference, very little is known about the role circadian clocks play in alcohol-induced tissue injuries. In this review, recent studies examining the effect alcohol has on the circadian clock in peripheral tissues (liver and intestine) and the impact circadian clock disruption has on development of ALD are presented. This review also highlights some of the rhythmic metabolic processes in the liver that are disrupted by alcohol and potential mechanisms through which alcohol disrupts the liver clock. Improved understanding of the mechanistic links between the circadian clock and alcohol will hopefully lead to the development of new therapeutic approaches for treating ALD and other alcohol-related organ pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon M. Bailey
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
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27
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Tran M, Liu Y, Huang W, Wang L. Nuclear receptors and liver disease: Summary of the 2017 basic research symposium. Hepatol Commun 2018; 2:765-777. [PMID: 30129636 PMCID: PMC6049066 DOI: 10.1002/hep4.1203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The nuclear receptor superfamily contains important transcriptional regulators that play pleiotropic roles in cell differentiation, development, proliferation, and metabolic processes to govern liver physiology and pathology. Many nuclear receptors are ligand-activated transcription factors that regulate the expression of their target genes by modulating transcriptional activities and epigenetic changes. Additionally, the protein complex associated with nuclear receptors consists of a multitude of coregulators, corepressors, and noncoding RNAs. Therefore, acquiring new information on nuclear receptors may provide invaluable insight into novel therapies and shed light on new interventions to reduce the burden and incidence of liver diseases. (Hepatology Communications 2018;2:765-777).
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Tran
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology and Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT
| | - Yanjun Liu
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute City of Hope National Medical Center Duarte CA
| | - Wendong Huang
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute City of Hope National Medical Center Duarte CA
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology and Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT.,Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System West Haven CT.,Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Digestive Diseases Yale University New Haven CT
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Zhang Y, Zhao Y, Wu J, Liangpunsakul S, Niu J, Wang L. MicroRNA-26-5p functions as a new inhibitor of hepatoblastoma by repressing lin-28 homolog B and aurora kinase a expression. Hepatol Commun 2018; 2:861-871. [PMID: 30027143 PMCID: PMC6049067 DOI: 10.1002/hep4.1185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Revised: 03/10/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatoblastoma (HB) is the most common liver tumor in children. Despite recent improvements in treatment strategies, the survival of children with hepatoblastoma remains poor. In this study, we identified a novel role of microRNA‐26a‐5p (miR‐26a‐5p), lin‐28 homolog B (LIN28B), Ras‐related nuclear protein (RAN), and aurora kinase A (AURKA) in HB. The expression of LIN28B, RAN, and AURKA was significantly up‐regulated in human HB livers and cell lines. Knockdown of LIN28B and RAN by small interfering RNAs inhibited HB tumor cell proliferation and foci formation. We also elucidated miR‐26a‐5p‐mediated translational inhibition of LIN28B and AURKA in HB. Overexpression of miR‐26a‐5p markedly decreased LIN28B and AURKA 3′‐untranslated region activities and protein expression and repressed HB cell proliferation and colony formation. In contrast, re‐expression of LIN28B and AURKA rescued miR‐26a‐5p‐mediated suppression of HB cell growth and clonality. Importantly, a decreased miR‐26a‐5p expression correlated with the poor outcome of patients with HB. Conclusion: miR‐26a‐5p is a newly identified repressor of HB growth through its inhibition of the oncogenic LIN28B–RAN–AURKA pathway. (Hepatology Communications 2018;2:481‐491)
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutong Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology and Institute for Systems Genomics University of Connecticut Storrs CT.,Department of Pediatric Oncology The First Hospital of Jilin University Changchun China
| | - Yulan Zhao
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology and Institute for Systems Genomics University of Connecticut Storrs CT
| | - Jianguo Wu
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology and Institute for Systems Genomics University of Connecticut Storrs CT
| | - Suthat Liangpunsakul
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN.,Roudebush Veterans Administration Medical Center Indianapolis IN
| | - Junqi Niu
- Department of Hepatology The First Hospital of Jilin University Changchun China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology and Institute for Systems Genomics University of Connecticut Storrs CT.,Department of Internal Medicine Section of Digestive Diseases, Yale University New Haven CT.,Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System West Haven CT
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29
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Liu C, Yang Z, Wu J, Zhang L, Lee S, Shin DJ, Tran M, Wang L. Long noncoding RNA H19 interacts with polypyrimidine tract-binding protein 1 to reprogram hepatic lipid homeostasis. Hepatology 2018; 67:1768-1783. [PMID: 29140550 PMCID: PMC5906152 DOI: 10.1002/hep.29654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Revised: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED H19 is an imprinted long noncoding RNA abundantly expressed in embryonic liver and repressed after birth. We show that H19 serves as a lipid sensor by synergizing with the RNA-binding polypyrimidine tract-binding protein 1 (PTBP1) to modulate hepatic metabolic homeostasis. H19 RNA interacts with PTBP1 to facilitate its association with sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1c mRNA and protein, leading to increased stability and nuclear transcriptional activity. H19 and PTBP1 are up-regulated by fatty acids in hepatocytes and in diet-induced fatty liver, which further augments lipid accumulation. Ectopic expression of H19 induces steatosis and pushes the liver into a "pseudo-fed" state in response to fasting by promoting sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1c protein cleavage and nuclear translocation. Deletion of H19 or knockdown of PTBP1 abolishes high-fat and high-sucrose diet-induced steatosis. CONCLUSION Our study unveils an H19/PTBP1/sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 feedforward amplifying signaling pathway to exacerbate the development of fatty liver. (Hepatology 2018;67:1768-1783).
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Affiliation(s)
- Chune Liu
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, and the Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269
| | - Zhihong Yang
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, and the Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269
- Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516
| | - Jianguo Wu
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, and the Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, and the Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269
| | - Sangmin Lee
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, and the Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269
| | - Dong-Ju Shin
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, and the Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269
| | - Melanie Tran
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, and the Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, and the Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269
- Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Digestive Diseases, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
- Corresponding author: Li Wang, Ph.D., 75 North Eagleville Rd., U3156, Storrs, CT 06269. ; Tel: 860-486-0857; Fax: 860-486-3303
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30
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Zhang M, Chi X, Qu N, Wang C. Long noncoding RNA lncARSR promotes hepatic lipogenesis via Akt/SREBP-1c pathway and contributes to the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 499:66-70. [PMID: 29555473 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.03.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and steatohepatitis (NAFLD and NASH) account for the majority of liver disease in industrialized countries. However, the pathogenesis still unclear. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) has been reported to be involved in various pathophysiological processes. Here, we reported a novel role of lncARSR in hepatic lipogenesis in NAFLD. The expression of lncARSR was induced both in NAFLD patients and mouse model, as well as in hepatocytes treated with fatty acid. Moreover, overexpression of lncARSR enhanced while knockdown of lncARSR ameliorated hepatic lipid accumulation in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, the expression of genes related to fatty acid synthesis and oxidation increased with lncARSR overexpression in vivo. Mechanistically, we identified that lncARSR regulated hepatic lipogenesis via upregulating SREBP-1c, the key regulatory molecule involved in lipogenesis. Knockdown of SREBP-1c by shRNA blocked the effect of lncARSR on lipogenesis. Furthermore, we demonstrated that lncARSR regulated SREBP-1c expression by PI3K/Akt pathway. In conclusion, our data indicated that lncARSR potentially contributes to the hepatic steatosis in NAFLD, which may be a new therapeutic target against NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zhang
- Intensive Care Unit, The Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, 261031, China
| | - Xiaoming Chi
- Intensive Care Unit, The Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, 261031, China
| | - Na Qu
- Intensive Care Unit, The Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, 261031, China
| | - Congying Wang
- Department of Medical Equipment, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong, 261000, China.
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31
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Mazzoccoli G, De Cosmo S, Mazza T. The Biological Clock: A Pivotal Hub in Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Pathogenesis. Front Physiol 2018; 9:193. [PMID: 29662454 PMCID: PMC5890189 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most frequent hepatic pathology in the Western world and may evolve into steatohepatitis (NASH), increasing the risk of cirrhosis, portal hypertension and hepatocellular carcinoma. NAFLD derives from the accumulation of hepatic fat due to discrepant free fatty acid metabolism. Other factors contributing to this are deranged nutrients and bile acids fluxes as well as alterations in nuclear receptors, hormones, and intermediary metabolites, which impact on signaling pathways involved in metabolism and inflammation. Autophagy and host gut-microbiota interplay are also relevant to NAFLD pathogenesis. Notably, liver metabolic pathways and bile acid synthesis as well as autophagic and immune/inflammatory processes all show circadian patterns driven by the biological clock. Gut microbiota impacts on the biological clock, at the same time as the appropriate timing of metabolic fluxes, hormone secretion, bile acid turnover, autophagy and inflammation with behavioural cycles of fasting/feeding and sleeping/waking is required to circumvent hepatosteatosis, indicating significant interactions of the gut and circadian processes in NAFLD pathophysiology. Several time-related factors and processes interplay in NAFLD development, with the biological clock proposed to act as a network level hub. Deranged physiological rhythms (chronodisruption) may also play a role in liver steatosis pathogenesis. The current article reviews how the circadian clock circuitry intimately interacts with several mechanisms involved in the onset of hepatosteatosis and its progression to NASH, thereby contributing to the global NAFLD epidemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluigi Mazzoccoli
- Division of Internal Medicine and Chronobiology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Salvatore De Cosmo
- Division of Internal Medicine and Chronobiology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Tommaso Mazza
- Bioinformatics Unit, IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
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32
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Song Y, Lu S, Zhao J, Wang L. Nuclear Receptor SHP: A Critical Regulator of miRNA and lncRNA Expression and Function. NUCLEAR RECEPTOR RESEARCH 2017; 4:101312. [PMID: 30148159 PMCID: PMC6103530 DOI: 10.11131/2017/101312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Small heterodimer partner (SHP, NR0B2) is identified as a unique orphan nuclear receptor that acts as a transcriptional repressor. SHP plays a crucial role in the control of various physiological processes and in several diseases by regulating the expression of disease-specific genes. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs), are encoded of RNAs that are transcribed but not translated into proteins, which are involved in diverse developmental and cellular processes in eukaryotic organisms. Research during the past decade has identified factors participating in the regulation of ncRNAs biogenesis and function. In this review, we summarize recent findings demonstrating a critical role of SHP as a transcriptional regulator of ncRNAs expression and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongfeng Song
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, and the Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Shan Lu
- Genesis Biotechnology, Trenton, NJ 08619, USA
| | - Jiajun Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, and the Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
- Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Digestive Diseases, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
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Tran M, Lee SM, Shin DJ, Wang L. Loss of miR-141/200c ameliorates hepatic steatosis and inflammation by reprogramming multiple signaling pathways in NASH. JCI Insight 2017; 2:96094. [PMID: 29093267 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.96094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulation of lipid droplets and inflammatory cell infiltration is the hallmark of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). The roles of noncoding RNAs in NASH are less known. We aim to elucidate the function of miR-141/200c in diet-induced NASH. WT and miR-141/200c-/- mice were fed a methionine and choline deficient (MCD) diet for 2 weeks to assess markers of steatosis, liver injury, and inflammation. Hepatic miR-141 and miR-200c RNA levels were highly induced in human patients with NASH fatty liver and in WT MCD mice. miR-141/200c-/- MCD mice had reduced liver weights and triglyceride (TG) levels, which was associated with increased microsomal TG transfer protein (MTTP) and PPARα but reduced SREBP1c and FAS expression. Inflammation was attenuated and F4/80 macrophage activation was suppressed in miR-141/200c-/- mice, as evidenced by decreased serum aminotransferases and IL-6 and reduced hepatic proinflammatory, neutrophil, and profibrotic genes. Treatment with LPS in BM-derived macrophages isolated from miR-200c/141-/- mice polarized macrophages toward the M2 antiinflammatory state by increasing Arg1 and IL-10 levels while decreasing the M1 marker iNOS. In addition, elevated phosphorylated AMPK (p-AMPK), p-AKT, and p-GSK3β and diminished TLR4 and p-mTOR/p-4EBP1 proteins were observed. Lipidomics and metabolomics revealed alterations of TG and phosphatidylcholine (PC) lipid species by miR-141/200c deficiency. In summary, miR-141/200c deficiency diminished NASH-associated hepatic steatosis and inflammation by reprogramming lipid and inflammation signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Tran
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, and the Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| | - Sang-Min Lee
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, and the Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| | - Dong-Ju Shin
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, and the Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, and the Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA.,Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Digestive Diseases, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
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34
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WITHDRAWN: Long noncoding RNAs in liver metabolism and liver disease: Current Status. LIVER RESEARCH 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livres.2017.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Song Y, Liu C, Liu X, Trottier J, Beaudoin M, Zhang L, Pope C, Peng G, Barbier O, Zhong X, Li L, Wang L. H19 promotes cholestatic liver fibrosis by preventing ZEB1-mediated inhibition of epithelial cell adhesion molecule. Hepatology 2017; 66:1183-1196. [PMID: 28407375 PMCID: PMC5605402 DOI: 10.1002/hep.29209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Revised: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Based on our recent finding that disruption of bile acid (BA) homeostasis in mice results in the induction of hepatic long noncoding RNA H19 expression, we sought to elucidate the role of H19 in cholestatic liver fibrosis. Hepatic overexpression of H19RNA augmented bile duct ligation (BDL)-induced liver fibrosis, which was accompanied by the elevation of serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, bilirubin, and BA levels. Multiple genes related to liver fibrosis, inflammation, and biliary hyperplasia were increased in H19-BDL versus null-BDL mice, whereas genes in BA synthesis were decreased. Livers and spleens of H19-BDL mice showed significant enrichment of CD3+γδ+, interleukin-4, and interleukin-17 producing CD4+ and CD8+ immune cell populations. H19 down-regulated hepatic zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1) but up-regulated epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) and SRY (sex determining region Y)-box 9 expression. Mechanistically, ZEB1 repressed EpCAM promoter activity and gene transcription. H19RNA impeded ZEB1's inhibitory action by interacting with ZEB1 protein to prevent its binding to the EpCAM promoter. Hepatic overexpression of ZEB1 or knockdown of EpCAM diminished H19-induced fibrosis; the latter was also prevented in H19-/- mice. H19RNA was markedly induced by bile acids in mouse small cholangiocytes and to a lesser extent in mouse large cholangiocytes. The up-regulation of H19RNA and EpCAM correlated positively with the down-regulation of ZEB1 in primary sclerosing cholangitis and primary biliary cirrhosis liver specimens. CONCLUSION The activation of hepatic H19RNA promoted cholestatic liver fibrosis in mice through the ZEB1/EpCAM signaling pathway. (Hepatology 2017;66:1183-1196).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongfeng Song
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, and Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269,Department of Endocrinology and metabolism, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Chune Liu
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, and Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269
| | - Xia Liu
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Allergy & Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63104
| | - Jocelyn Trottier
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, CHU-Québec Research Centre and Faculty of Pharmacy, Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Michele Beaudoin
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, and Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, and Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269
| | - Chad Pope
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269
| | - Guangyong Peng
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Allergy & Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63104
| | - Olivier Barbier
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, CHU-Québec Research Centre and Faculty of Pharmacy, Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Xiaobo Zhong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269
| | - Linheng Li
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO 64110
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, and Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269,Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Digestive Diseases, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520,Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China,Correspondence: Li Wang, Ph.D., 75 North Eagleville Rd., U3156, Storrs, CT 06269. ; Tel: 860-486-0857; Fax: 860-486-3303
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Yang Z, Kim H, Ali A, Zheng Z, Zhang K. Interaction between stress responses and circadian metabolism in metabolic disease. LIVER RESEARCH 2017; 1:156-162. [PMID: 29430321 PMCID: PMC5805151 DOI: 10.1016/j.livres.2017.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Circadian rhythms play crucial roles in orchestrating diverse physiological processes that are critical for health and disease. Dysregulated circadian rhythms are closely associated with various human metabolic diseases, including type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Modern lifestyles are frequently associated with an irregular circadian rhythm, which poses a significant risk to public health. While the central clock has a set periodicity, circadian oscillators in peripheral organs, particularly in the liver, can be entrained by metabolic alterations or stress cues. At the molecular level, the signal transduction pathways that mediate stress responses interact with, and are often integrated with, the key determinants of circadian oscillation, to maintain metabolic homeostasis under physiological or pathological conditions. In the liver, a number of nuclear receptors or transcriptional regulators, which are regulated by metabolites, hormones, the circadian clock, or environmental stressors, serve as direct links between stress responses and circadian metabolism. In this review, we summarize recent advances in the understanding of the interactions between stress responses (the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response, the oxidative stress response, and the inflammatory response) and circadian metabolism, and the role of these interactions in the development of metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Yang
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University, MI, USA
| | - Hyunbae Kim
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University, MI, USA
| | - Arushana Ali
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University, MI, USA
| | - Ze Zheng
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University, MI, USA
| | - Kezhong Zhang
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University, MI, USA,Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Biochemistry, Wayne State University, MI, USA,Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA,Corresponding author. Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA. (K. Zhang)
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Zhao Y, Wu J, Liangpunsakul S, Wang L. Long Non-coding RNA in Liver Metabolism and Disease: Current Status. LIVER RESEARCH 2017; 1:163-167. [PMID: 29576888 PMCID: PMC5863923 DOI: 10.1016/j.livres.2017.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are comprised of RNA transcripts exceeding 200 nucleotides in length but lacking identifiable open reading frames (with rare exceptions). Herein, we highlight emerging evidence demonstrating that lncRNAs are critical regulators of liver metabolic function and diseases. We summarize current knowledges about dysregulated lncRNAs and outline the underlying molecular mechanisms by which lncRNAs control hepatic lipid ad glucose metabolism, as well as cholestatic liver disease. lncLSTR, Lnc18q22.2, SRA, HULC, MALAT1, lncLGR, MEG3, and H19, lncHR1, lnc-HC, APOA1-AS, DYNLRB2-2, and LeXis are included in the discussion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulan Zhao
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, and the Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269
| | - Jianguo Wu
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, and the Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269
| | - Suthat Liangpunsakul
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
- Roudebush Veterans Administration Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, and the Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269
- Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Digestive Diseases, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
- Correspondence: Prof. Li Wang, Ph.D., 75 North Eagleville Rd., U3156, Storrs, CT 06269. ; Tel: 860-486-0857; Fax: 860-486-3303
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38
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Zhao Y, Yang Z, Wu J, Wu R, Keshipeddy SK, Wright D, Wang L. High-mobility-group protein 2 regulated by microRNA-127 and small heterodimer partner modulates pluripotency of mouse embryonic stem cells and liver tumor initiating cells. Hepatol Commun 2017; 1:816-830. [PMID: 29218329 PMCID: PMC5678910 DOI: 10.1002/hep4.1086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
High‐mobility‐group protein 2 (HMGB2) expression is up‐regulated in human liver cancer; however, little is known about its regulatory function. Here, we establish HMGB2 as a new modulator of the pluripotency of mouse embryonic stem cells. Similar to octamer‐binding transcription factor 4 (OCT4) and sex‐determining region Y‐box 2 (SOX2), HMGB2 protein is highly expressed in undifferentiated CGR8 cells, whereas it undergoes rapid decline during embryonic body formation. HMGB2 interacts with OCT4, increases protein expression of OCT4 and SOX2, and enhances their transcriptional activities. We also show that microRNA (miRNA)‐127 is a translational repressor of HMGB2 protein expression by targeting its 3′ untranslated region. We further elucidate a transcriptional mechanism controlling HMGB2 messenger RNA expression by the nuclear receptor small heterodimer partner (SHP) and transcription factor E2F1. Diminishing HMGB2 expression by ectopic expression of miR‐127 or SHP or treatment with the small molecule inhibitor inflachromene decreases OCT4 and SOX2 expression and facilitates CGR8 differentiation. In addition, HMGB2 is markedly induced in liver tumor initiating cells. Diminishing HMGB2 expression by short hairpin RNA for HMGB2 (shHMGB2), miR‐127, or SHP impairs spheroid formation. Importantly, HMGB2 expression is elevated in various human cancers. Conclusion: HMGB2 acts upstream of OCT4/SOX2 signaling to control embryonic stem cell pluripotency. Diminishing HMGB2 expression by miR‐127 or SHP may provide a potential means to decrease the pluripotency of tumor initiating cells. (Hepatology Communications 2017;1:816–830)
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulan Zhao
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, and The Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269
| | - Zhihong Yang
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, and The Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269.,Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516
| | - Jianguo Wu
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, and The Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269
| | - Raymond Wu
- Departments of Pathology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033; and Department of Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles CA 90073
| | - Santosh K Keshipeddy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269
| | - Dennis Wright
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, and The Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269.,Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516.,Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Digestive Diseases, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520.,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
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Li WK, Li H, Lu YF, Li YY, Fu ZD, Liu J. Atorvastatin alters the expression of genes related to bile acid metabolism and circadian clock in livers of mice. PeerJ 2017; 5:e3348. [PMID: 28533986 PMCID: PMC5438592 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.3348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim Atorvastatin is a HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor used for hyperlipidemia. Atorvastatin is generally safe but may induce cholestasis. The present study aimed to examine the effects of atorvastatin on hepatic gene expression related to bile acid metabolism and homeostasis, as well as the expression of circadian clock genes in livers of mice. Methods Adult male mice were given atorvastatin (10, 30, and 100 mg/kg, po) daily for 30 days, and blood biochemistry, histopathology, and gene expression were examined. Results Repeated administration of atorvastatin did not affect animal body weight gain or liver weights. Serum enzyme activities were in the normal range. Histologically, the high dose of atorvastatin produced scattered swollen hepatocytes, foci of feathery-like degeneration, together with increased expression of Egr-1 and metallothionein-1. Atorvastatin increased the expression of Cyp7a1 in the liver, along with FXR and SHP. In contract, atorvastatin decreased the expression of bile acid transporters Ntcp, Bsep, Ostα, and Ostβ. The most dramatic change was the 30-fold induction of Cyp7a1. Because Cyp7a1 is a circadian clock-controlled gene, we further examined the effect of atorvastatin on clock gene expression. Atorvastatin increased the expression of clock core master genes Bmal1 and Npas2, decreased the expression of clock feedback genes Per2, Per3, and the clock targeted genes Dbp and Tef, whereas it had no effect on Cry1 and Nr1d1 expression. Conclusion Repeated administration of atorvastatin affects bile acid metabolism and markedly increases the expression of the bile acid synthesis rate-limiting enzyme gene Cyp7a1, together with alterations in the expression of circadian clock genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Kai Li
- Key Lab for Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, China.,Department of Pharmacology, Shanghai University of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Huan Li
- Key Lab for Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, China
| | - Yuan-Fu Lu
- Key Lab for Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, China
| | - Ying-Ying Li
- Key Lab for Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, China
| | - Zidong Donna Fu
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Jie Liu
- Key Lab for Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, China
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40
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Maguire M, Bushkofsky JR, Larsen MC, Foong YH, Tanumihardjo SA, Jefcoate CR. Diet-dependent retinoid effects on liver gene expression include stellate and inflammation markers and parallel effects of the nuclear repressor Shp. J Nutr Biochem 2017; 47:63-74. [PMID: 28570941 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2017.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Revised: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
For mice, a maternal vitamin A (VA)-deficient diet initiated from midgestation (GVAD) produces serum retinol deficiency in mature offspring. We hypothesize that the effects of GVAD arise from preweaning developmental changes. We compare the effect of this GVAD protocol in combination with a postweaning high-fat diet (HFD) or high-carbohydrate diet (LF12). Each is compared to an equivalent VA-sufficient combination. GVAD extensively decreased serum retinol and liver retinol, retinyl esters, and retinoid homeostasis genes (Lrat, Cyp26b1 and Cyp26a1). These suppressions were each more effective with LF12 than with HFD. Postweaning initiation of VA deficiency with LF12 depleted liver retinoids, but serum retinol was unaffected. Liver retinoid depletion, therefore, precedes serum attenuation. Maternal LF12 decreased the obesity response to the HFD, which was further decreased by GVAD. LF12 fed to the mother and offspring extensively stimulated genes marking stellate activation (Col1a1, Timp2 and Cyp1b1) and novel inflammation markers (Ly6d, Trem2 and Nupr1). The GVAD with LF12 diet combination suppressed these responses. GVAD in combination with the HFD increased these same clusters. A further set of expression differences on the HFD when compared to a high-carbohydrate diet was prevented when GVAD was combined with HFD. Most of these GVAD gene changes match published effects from deletion of Nr0b2/Shp, a retinoid-responsive, nuclear co-repressor that modulates metabolic homeostasis. The stellate and inflammatory increases seen with the high-carbohydrate LF12 diet may represent postprandial responses. They depend on retinol and Shp, but the regulation reverses with an HFD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghan Maguire
- Endocrinology and Reproductive Physiology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705; Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705
| | - Justin R Bushkofsky
- Endocrinology and Reproductive Physiology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705
| | | | - Yee Hoon Foong
- Endocrinology and Reproductive Physiology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705
| | - Sherry A Tanumihardjo
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705
| | - Colin R Jefcoate
- Endocrinology and Reproductive Physiology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705; Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705.
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Choiniere J, Wu J, Wang L. Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Kinase 4 Deficiency Results in Expedited Cellular Proliferation through E2F1-Mediated Increase of Cyclins. Mol Pharmacol 2017; 91:189-196. [PMID: 28003426 PMCID: PMC5325080 DOI: 10.1124/mol.116.106757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 12/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common form of cancer with prevalence worldwide. There are many factors that lead to the development and progression of HCC. This study aimed to identify potential new tumor suppressors, examine their function as cell cycle modulators, and investigate their impact on the cyclin family of proteins and cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs). In this study, the pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK)4 gene was shown to have potential tumor suppressor characteristics. PDK4 expression was significantly downregulated in human HCC. Pdk4-/- mouse liver exhibited a consistent increase in cell cycle regulator proteins, including cyclin D1, cyclin E1, cyclin A2, some associated CDKs, and transcription factor E2F1. PDK4-knockdown HCC cells also progressed faster through the cell cycle, which concurrently expressed high levels of cyclins and E2F1 as seen in the Pdk4-/- mice. Interestingly, the induced cyclin E1 and cyclin A2 caused by Pdk4 deficiency was repressed by arsenic treatment in mouse liver and in HCC cells. E2f1 deficiency in E2f1-/- mouse liver or knockdown E2F1 using small hairpin RNAs in HCC cells significantly decreased cyclin E1, cyclin A2, and E2F1 proteins. In contrast, inhibition of PDK4 activity in HCC cells increased cyclin E1, cyclin A2, and E2F1 proteins. These findings demonstrate that PDK4 is a critical regulator of hepatocyte proliferation via E2F1-mediated regulation of cyclins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Choiniere
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut (J.C., J.W., L.W.); Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut (L.W.); Section of Digestive Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut (L.W.); and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China (L.W.)
| | - Jianguo Wu
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut (J.C., J.W., L.W.); Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut (L.W.); Section of Digestive Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut (L.W.); and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China (L.W.)
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut (J.C., J.W., L.W.); Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut (L.W.); Section of Digestive Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut (L.W.); and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China (L.W.)
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Zhang L, Yang Z, Trottier J, Barbier O, Wang L. Long noncoding RNA MEG3 induces cholestatic liver injury by interaction with PTBP1 to facilitate shp mRNA decay. Hepatology 2017; 65:604-615. [PMID: 27770549 PMCID: PMC5258819 DOI: 10.1002/hep.28882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Revised: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Bile acids (BAs) play critical physiological functions in cholesterol homeostasis, and deregulation of BA metabolism causes cholestatic liver injury. The long noncoding RNA maternally expressed gene 3 (MEG3) was recently shown as a potential tumor suppressor; however, its basic hepatic function remains elusive. Using RNA pull-down with biotin-labeled sense or anti-sense MEG 3RNA followed by mass spectrometry, we identified RNA-binding protein polypyrimidine tract-binding protein 1 (PTBP1) as a MEG3 interacting protein and validated their interaction by RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP). Bioinformatics analysis revealed putative binding sites for PTBP1 within the coding region (CDS) of small heterodimer partner (SHP), a key repressor of BA biosynthesis. Forced expression of MEG3 in hepatocellular carcinoma cells guided and facilitated PTBP1 binding to the Shp CDS, resulting in Shp mRNA decay. Transient overexpression of MEG3 RNA in vivo in mouse liver caused rapid Shp mRNA degradation and cholestatic liver injury, which was accompanied by the disruption of BA homeostasis, elevation of liver enzymes, as well as dysregulation of BA synthetic enzymes and metabolic genes. Interestingly, RNA sequencing coupled with quantitative PCR (qPCR) revealed a drastic induction of MEG3 RNA in Shp-/- liver. SHP inhibited MEG3 gene transcription by repressing cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) transactivation of the MEG3 promoter. In addition, the expression of MEG3 and PTBP1 was activated in human fibrotic and cirrhotic livers. CONCLUSION MEG3 causes cholestasis by serving as a guide RNA scaffold to recruit PTBP1 to destabilize Shp mRNA. SHP in turn represses CREB-mediated activation of MEG3 expression in a feedback-regulatory fashion. (Hepatology 2017;65:604-615).
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, and The Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269
| | - Zhihong Yang
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, and The Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269,Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516
| | - Jocelyn Trottier
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, CHU-Québec Research Centre and Faculty of Pharmacy, Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Olivier Barbier
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, CHU-Québec Research Centre and Faculty of Pharmacy, Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, and The Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269,Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516,Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Digestive Diseases, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China,Address reprint requests to: Li Wang, Ph.D., 75 North Eagleville Rd., U3156, Storrs, CT 06269. ; Tel: 860-486-0857; Fax: 860-486-3303
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Tran M, Yang Z, Liangpunsakul S, Wang L. Metabolomics Analysis Revealed Distinct Cyclic Changes of Metabolites Altered by Chronic Ethanol-Plus-Binge and Shp Deficiency. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2016; 40:2548-2556. [PMID: 27790731 DOI: 10.1111/acer.13257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic ethanol (EtOH) consumption causes alcoholic liver disease (ALD), and disruption of the circadian system facilitates the development of ALD. Small heterodimer partner (SHP) is a nuclear receptor and critical regulator of hepatic lipid metabolism. This study aimed at depicting circadian metabolomes altered by chronic EtOH-plus-binge and Shp deficiency using high-throughput metabolomics. METHODS Wild-type (WT) C57BL/6 and Shp-/- mice were fed the control diet (CD) or Lieber-DeCarli EtOH liquid diet (ED) for 10 days followed by a single bout of maltose (CD + M) or EtOH (ED + E) binge on the 11th day. Serum and liver were collected over a 24-hour light/dark (LD) cycle at Zeitgeber time ZT12, ZT18, ZT0, and ZT6, and metabolomics was performed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. RESULTS A total of 110 metabolites were identified in liver and of those 80 were also present in serum from pathways of carbohydrates, lipids, pentose phosphate, amino acids, nucleotides, and tricarboxylic acid cycle. In the liver, 91% of metabolites displayed rhythmicity with ED + E, whereas in the serum, only 87% were rhythmic. Bioinformatics analysis identified unique metabolome patterns altered in WT CD + M, WT ED + E, Shp-/- CD + M, and Shp-/- ED + E groups. Specifically, metabolites from the nucleotide and amino acid pathway (ribose, glucose-6-phosphate, glutamic acid, aspartic acid, and sedoheptulose-7-P) were elevated in Shp-/- CD + M mice during the dark cycle, whereas metabolites including N-methylalanine, 2-hydroxybutyric acid, and 2-hydroxyglutarate were elevated in WT ED + E mice during the light cycle. The rhythmicity and abundance of other individual metabolites were also significantly altered by both control and EtOH diets. CONCLUSIONS Metabolomics provides a useful means to identify unique metabolites altered by chronic EtOH-plus-binge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Tran
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut
| | - Zhihong Yang
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut.,Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut
| | - Suthat Liangpunsakul
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana.,Roudebush Veterans Administration Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut.,Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut.,Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Digestive Diseases, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut.,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Rudraiah S, Zhang X, Wang L. Nuclear Receptors as Therapeutic Targets in Liver Disease: Are We There Yet? Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 2016; 56:605-626. [PMID: 26738480 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-010715-103209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear receptors (NR) are ligand-modulated transcription factors that play diverse roles in cell differentiation, development, proliferation, and metabolism and are associated with numerous liver pathologies such as cancer, steatosis, inflammation, fibrosis, cholestasis, and xenobiotic/drug-induced liver injury. The network of target proteins associated with NRs is extremely complex, comprising coregulators, small noncoding microRNAs, and long noncoding RNAs. The importance of NRs as targets of liver disease is exemplified by the number of NR ligands that are currently used in the clinics or in clinical trials with promising results. Understanding the regulation by NR during pathophysiological conditions, and identifying ligands for orphan NR, points to a potential therapeutic approach for patients with liver diseases. An overview of complex NR metabolic networks and their pharmacological implications in liver disease is presented here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swetha Rudraiah
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology and The Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269
| | - Xi Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology and The Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology and The Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269.,Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut 06516.,Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Digestive Diseases, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
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45
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Yang Z, Tsuchiya H, Zhang Y, Lee S, Liu C, Huang Y, Vargas GM, Wang L. REV-ERBα Activates C/EBP Homologous Protein to Control Small Heterodimer Partner-Mediated Oscillation of Alcoholic Fatty Liver. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2016; 186:2909-2920. [PMID: 27664470 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2016.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2016] [Revised: 06/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The small heterodimer partner (SHP) nuclear receptor is an important regulator of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. However, little is known about the role of SHP in alcoholic fatty liver. In this study, we used a modified chronic ethanol-binge model to examine cyclic alterations of lipid metabolism in wild-type (WT) and Shp-/- mice over a 24-hour period after binge. The serum and hepatic lipid profiles, as well as the expression of lipid synthesis genes and markers of endoplasmic reticulum stress, exhibited distinct variations in WT and Shp-/- mice in response to ethanol diet plus ethanol binge (ED+E) and control diet plus maltose binge. ED+E induced steatosis in WT mice, which correlated with a marked up-regulation of activating transcription factor 4 protein (ATF4) but down-regulation of C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) and sterol regulatory element-binding transcription factor 1c protein (SREBP-1c). On the contrary, the control diet plus maltose binge caused lipid accumulation in Shp-/- mice, which was accompanied by a sharp elevation of CHOP, SREBP-1c, and REV-ERBα proteins but a diminished ATF4. REV-ERBα activated CHOP promoter activity and gene transcription, which were inhibited by SHP. Knockdown Rev-Erbα in Shp-/- mice prevented steatosis induced by ED+E. Our study revealed a critical role of SHP and REV-ERBα in controlling rhythmic CHOP expression in alcoholic fatty liver.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Disease Models, Animal
- Down-Regulation
- Ethanol/adverse effects
- Fatty Liver, Alcoholic/etiology
- Fatty Liver, Alcoholic/pathology
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Humans
- Lipid Metabolism
- Lipogenesis
- Liver/metabolism
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group D, Member 1/genetics
- Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group D, Member 1/metabolism
- Promoter Regions, Genetic/genetics
- Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear/genetics
- Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear/metabolism
- Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1/genetics
- Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1/metabolism
- Transcription Factor CHOP/genetics
- Transcription Factor CHOP/metabolism
- Up-Regulation
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihong Yang
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, and the Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut; Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut
| | - Hiroyuki Tsuchiya
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuxia Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Sangmin Lee
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, and the Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut
| | - Chune Liu
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, and the Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut
| | - Yi Huang
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, and the Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Gymar M Vargas
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, and the Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, and the Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut; Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; Section of Digestive Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut.
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46
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Wu N, Kim KH, Zhou Y, Lee JM, Kettner NM, Mamrosh JL, Choi S, Fu L, Moore DD. Small Heterodimer Partner (NR0B2) Coordinates Nutrient Signaling and the Circadian Clock in Mice. Mol Endocrinol 2016; 30:988-95. [PMID: 27427832 PMCID: PMC5004116 DOI: 10.1210/me.2015-1295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2015] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Circadian rhythm regulates multiple metabolic processes and in turn is readily entrained by feeding-fasting cycles. However, the molecular mechanisms by which the peripheral clock senses nutrition availability remain largely unknown. Bile acids are under circadian control and also increase postprandially, serving as regulators of the fed state in the liver. Here, we show that nuclear receptor Small Heterodimer Partner (SHP), a regulator of bile acid metabolism, impacts the endogenous peripheral clock by directly regulating Bmal1. Bmal1-dependent gene expression is altered in Shp knockout mice, and liver clock adaptation is delayed in Shp knockout mice upon restricted feeding. These results identify SHP as a potential mediator connecting nutrient signaling with the circadian clock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Wu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology (N.W., K.H.K., Y.Z., J.M.L., N.M.K., J.L.M., S.C., L.F., D.D.M.) and Program in Developmental Biology (S.C.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; and Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (J.M.L.), School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Jung-gu, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Kang Ho Kim
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology (N.W., K.H.K., Y.Z., J.M.L., N.M.K., J.L.M., S.C., L.F., D.D.M.) and Program in Developmental Biology (S.C.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; and Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (J.M.L.), School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Jung-gu, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Ying Zhou
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology (N.W., K.H.K., Y.Z., J.M.L., N.M.K., J.L.M., S.C., L.F., D.D.M.) and Program in Developmental Biology (S.C.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; and Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (J.M.L.), School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Jung-gu, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Man Lee
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology (N.W., K.H.K., Y.Z., J.M.L., N.M.K., J.L.M., S.C., L.F., D.D.M.) and Program in Developmental Biology (S.C.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; and Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (J.M.L.), School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Jung-gu, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Nicole M Kettner
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology (N.W., K.H.K., Y.Z., J.M.L., N.M.K., J.L.M., S.C., L.F., D.D.M.) and Program in Developmental Biology (S.C.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; and Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (J.M.L.), School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Jung-gu, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Jennifer L Mamrosh
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology (N.W., K.H.K., Y.Z., J.M.L., N.M.K., J.L.M., S.C., L.F., D.D.M.) and Program in Developmental Biology (S.C.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; and Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (J.M.L.), School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Jung-gu, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungwoo Choi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology (N.W., K.H.K., Y.Z., J.M.L., N.M.K., J.L.M., S.C., L.F., D.D.M.) and Program in Developmental Biology (S.C.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; and Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (J.M.L.), School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Jung-gu, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Loning Fu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology (N.W., K.H.K., Y.Z., J.M.L., N.M.K., J.L.M., S.C., L.F., D.D.M.) and Program in Developmental Biology (S.C.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; and Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (J.M.L.), School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Jung-gu, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - David D Moore
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology (N.W., K.H.K., Y.Z., J.M.L., N.M.K., J.L.M., S.C., L.F., D.D.M.) and Program in Developmental Biology (S.C.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; and Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (J.M.L.), School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Jung-gu, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
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47
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Yang Z, Koehler AN, Wang L. A Novel Small Molecule Activator of Nuclear Receptor SHP Inhibits HCC Cell Migration via Suppressing Ccl2. Mol Cancer Ther 2016; 15:2294-2301. [PMID: 27486225 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-16-0153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Small heterodimer partner (SHP, NR0B2) is a nuclear orphan receptor without endogenous ligands. Due to its crucial inhibitory role in liver cancer, it is of importance to identify small molecule agonists of SHP. As such, we initiated a probe discovery effort to identify compounds capable of modulating SHP function. First, we performed binding assays using small molecule microarrays (SMM) and discovered 5-(diethylsulfamoyl)-3-hydroxynaphthalene-2-carboxylic acid (DSHN) as a novel activator of SHP. DSHN transcriptionally activated Shp mRNA, but also stabilized the SHP protein by preventing its ubiquitination and degradation. Second, we identified Ccl2 as a new SHP target gene by RNA-seq. We showed that activation of SHP by DSHN repressed Ccl2 expression and secretion by inhibiting p65 activation of CCL2 promoter activity, as demonstrated in vivo in Shp-/- mice and in vitro in HCC cells with SHP overexpression and knockdown. Third, we elucidated a strong inhibitory effect of SHP and DSHN on HCC cell migration and invasion by antagonizing the effect of CCL2. Lastly, by interrogating a publicly available database to retrieve SHP expression profiles from multiple types of human cancers, we established a negative association of SHP expression with human cancer metastasis and patient survival. In summary, the discovery of a novel small molecule activator of SHP provides a therapeutic perspective for future translational and preclinical studies to inhibit HCC metastasis by blocking Ccl2 signaling. Mol Cancer Ther; 15(10); 2294-301. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihong Yang
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology and The Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut. Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut
| | - Angela N Koehler
- Department of Biological Engineering, Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts. Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology and The Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut. Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut. Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Digestive Diseases, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut. School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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48
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Wang L, Liangpunsakul S. Circadian clock control of hepatic lipid metabolism: role of small heterodimer partner (Shp). J Investig Med 2016; 64:1158-61. [PMID: 27473715 DOI: 10.1136/jim-2016-000194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Hepatic steatosis, the accumulation of triglyceride droplets in the hepatocytes, is a common hepatic pathology seen in subjects with obesity/metabolic syndrome and those with excessive alcohol use. The pathogenesis underlying hepatic steatosis is complex. Recent studies have shown the specific role played by the molecular clock mechanism in the control of lipid metabolism and that the disruption of these tissue clocks may lead to the disturbances in lipid homeostasis. This review reports a novel role of small heterodimer partner in maintaining triglyceride and lipoprotein homeostasis through neuronal PAS domain protein 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wang
- Department of Physiology & Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut, USA Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Digestive Diseases, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Suthat Liangpunsakul
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA Roudebush Veterans Administration Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
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49
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Zhang X, Wu J, Choiniere J, Yang Z, Huang Y, Bennett J, Wang L. Arsenic silences hepatic PDK4 expression through activation of histone H3K9 methylatransferase G9a. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2016; 304:42-7. [PMID: 27217333 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2016.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Revised: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
It is well established that increased liver cancer incidence is strongly associated with epigenetic silencing of tumor suppressor genes; the latter is contributed by the environmental exposure to arsenic. Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 (PDK4) is a mitochondrial protein that regulates the TCA cycle. However, the epigenetic mechanisms mediated by arsenic to control PDK4 expression remain elusive. In the present study, we showed that histone methyltransferase G9a- and Suv39H-mediated histone H3 lysine 9 (H3K9) methylations contributed to PDK4 silencing in hepatic cells. The PDK4 expression was induced by G9a inhibitor BRD4770 (BRD) and Suv39H inhibitor Chaetocin (CHA). In contrast, arsenic exposure decreased PDK4 expression by inducing G9a and increasing H3K9 di- and tri-methylations levels (H3K9me2/3). In addition, arsenic exposure antagonizes the effect of BRD by enhancing the enrichment of H3K9me2/3 in the PKD4 promoter. Moreover, knockdown of G9a using siRNA induced PDK4 expression in HCC cells. Furthermore, arsenic decreased hepatic PDK4 expression as well as diminished the induction of PDK4 by BRD in mouse liver and hepatocytes. Overall, the results suggest that arsenic causes aberrant repressive histone modification to silence PDK4 in both HCC cells and in mouse liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology and The Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 062696, United States
| | - Jianguo Wu
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology and The Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 062696, United States
| | - Jonathan Choiniere
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology and The Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 062696, United States
| | - Zhihong Yang
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology and The Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 062696, United States; Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, United States
| | - Yi Huang
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology and The Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 062696, United States; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Jason Bennett
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology and The Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 062696, United States
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology and The Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 062696, United States; Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, United States; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China; Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Digestive Diseases, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, United States.
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50
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Zhang Y, Liu C, Barbier O, Smalling R, Tsuchiya H, Lee S, Delker D, Zou A, Hagedorn CH, Wang L. Bcl2 is a critical regulator of bile acid homeostasis by dictating Shp and lncRNA H19 function. Sci Rep 2016; 6:20559. [PMID: 26838806 PMCID: PMC4738356 DOI: 10.1038/srep20559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Bile acid (BA) metabolism is tightly controlled by nuclear receptor signaling to coordinate regulation of BA synthetic enzymes and transporters. Here we reveal a molecular cascade consisting of the antiapoptotic protein BCL2, nuclear receptor Shp, and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) H19 to maintain BA homeostasis. Bcl2 was overexpressed in liver of C57BL/6J mice using adenovirus mediated gene delivery for two weeks. Hepatic overexpression of Bcl2 caused drastic accumulation of serum BA and bilirubin levels and dysregulated BA synthetic enzymes and transporters. Bcl2 reactivation triggered severe liver injury, fibrosis and inflammation, which were accompanied by a significant induction of H19. Bcl2 induced rapid SHP protein degradation via the activation of caspase-8 pathway. The induction of H19 in Bcl2 overexpressed mice was contributed by a direct loss of Shp transcriptional repression. H19 knockdown or Shp re-expression largely rescued Bcl2-induced liver injury. Strikingly different than Shp, the expression of Bcl2 and H19 was hardly detectable in adult liver but was markedly increased in fibrotic/cirrhotic human and mouse liver. We demonstrated for the first time a detrimental effect of Bcl2 and H19 associated with cholestatic liver fibrosis and an indispensable role of Shp to maintain normal liver function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxia Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology &Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160
| | - Chune Liu
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, and The Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 062696
| | - Olivier Barbier
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, CHU-Québec Research Centre and Faculty of Pharmacy, Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Rana Smalling
- Department of Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84108
| | | | - Sangmin Lee
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, and The Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 062696
| | - Don Delker
- Department of Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84108
| | - An Zou
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology &Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160
| | - Curt H Hagedorn
- Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System and University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, and The Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 062696.,Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516.,Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Digestive Diseases, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520
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