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Li Y, Hou S, Li F, Long S, Yang Y, Li Y, Zhao L, Yu Y. Preoperative recovery sleep ameliorates postoperative cognitive dysfunction aggravated by sleep fragmentation in aged mice by enhancing EEG delta-wave activity and LFP theta oscillation in hippocampal CA1. Brain Res Bull 2024; 211:110945. [PMID: 38608544 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2024.110945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Sleep fragmentation (SF) is a common sleep problem experienced during the perioperative period by older adults, and is associated with postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD). Increasing evidence indicates that delta-wave activity during non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep is involved in sleep-dependent memory consolidation and that hippocampal theta oscillations are related to spatial exploratory memory. Recovery sleep (RS), a self-regulated state of sleep homeostasis, enhances delta-wave power and memory performance in sleep-deprived older mice. However, it remains unclear whether RS therapy has a positive effect on cognitive changes following SF in older mouse models. Therefore, this study aimed to explore whether preoperative RS can alleviate cognitive deficits in aged mice with SF. A model of preoperative 24-h SF combined with exploratory laparotomy-induced POCD was established in 18-month-old mice. Aged mice were treated with preoperative 6-h RS following SF and postoperative 6-h RS following surgery, respectively. The changes in hippocampus-dependent cognitive function were investigated using behavioral tests, electroencephalography (EEG), local field potential (LFP), magnetic resonance imaging, and neuromorphology. Mice that underwent 24-h SF combined with surgery exhibited severe spatial memory impairment; impaired cognitive performance could be alleviated by preoperative RS treatment. In addition, preoperative RS increased NREM sleep; enhanced EEG delta-wave activity and LFP theta oscillation in the hippocampal CA1; and improved hippocampal perfusion, microstructural integrity, and neuronal damage. Taken together, these results provide evidence that preoperative RS may ameliorate the severity of POCD aggravated by SF by enhancing delta slow-wave activity and hippocampal theta oscillation, and by ameliorating the reduction in regional cerebral blood flow and white matter microstructure integrity in the hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China; Tianjin Research Institute of Anesthesiology, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Shaowei Hou
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Feixiang Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China; Tianjin Research Institute of Anesthesiology, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Siwen Long
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China; Tianjin Research Institute of Anesthesiology, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Yue Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China; Tianjin Research Institute of Anesthesiology, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Yize Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China; Tianjin Research Institute of Anesthesiology, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Lina Zhao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China.
| | - Yonghao Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China; Tianjin Research Institute of Anesthesiology, Tianjin 300052, China.
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2
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Guarino A, Pignata P, Lovisari F, Asth L, Simonato M, Soukupova M. Cognitive comorbidities in the rat pilocarpine model of epilepsy. Front Neurol 2024; 15:1392977. [PMID: 38872822 PMCID: PMC11171745 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2024.1392977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Patients with epilepsy are prone to cognitive decline, depression, anxiety and other behavioral disorders. Cognitive comorbidities are particularly common and well-characterized in people with temporal lobe epilepsy, while inconsistently addressed in epileptic animals. Therefore, the aim of this study was to ascertain whether there is good evidence of cognitive comorbidities in animal models of epilepsy, in particular in the rat pilocarpine model of temporal lobe epilepsy. We searched the literature published between 1990 and 2023. The association of spontaneous recurrent seizures induced by pilocarpine with cognitive alterations has been evaluated by using various tests: contextual fear conditioning (CFC), novel object recognition (NOR), radial and T-maze, Morris water maze (MWM) and their variants. Combination of results was difficult because of differences in methodological standards, in number of animals employed, and in outcome measures. Taken together, however, the analysis confirmed that pilocarpine-induced epilepsy has an effect on cognition in rats, and supports the notion that this is a valid model for assessment of cognitive temporal lobe epilepsy comorbidities in preclinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annunziata Guarino
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, Section of Pharmacology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Paola Pignata
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, Section of Pharmacology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Francesca Lovisari
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, Section of Pharmacology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Laila Asth
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, Section of Pharmacology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Michele Simonato
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, Section of Pharmacology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
- Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Marie Soukupova
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, Section of Pharmacology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
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3
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Zobaer MS, Lotfi N, Domenico CM, Hoffman C, Perotti L, Ji D, Dabaghian Y. Theta oscillons in behaving rats. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.21.590487. [PMID: 38712230 PMCID: PMC11071438 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.21.590487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Recently discovered constituents of the brain waves-the oscillons -provide high-resolution representation of the extracellular field dynamics. Here we study the most robust, highest-amplitude oscillons that manifest in actively behaving rats and generally correspond to the traditional θ -waves. We show that the resemblances between θ -oscillons and the conventional θ -waves apply to the ballpark characteristics-mean frequencies, amplitudes, and bandwidths. In addition, both hippocampal and cortical oscillons exhibit a number of intricate, behavior-attuned, transient properties that suggest a new vantage point for understanding the θ -rhythms' structure, origins and functions. We demonstrate that oscillons are frequency-modulated waves, with speed-controlled parameters, embedded into a noise background. We also use a basic model of neuronal synchronization to contextualize and to interpret the observed phenomena. In particular, we argue that the synchronicity level in physiological networks is fairly weak and modulated by the animal's locomotion.
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4
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Zobaer MS, Lotfi N, Domenico CM, Hoffman C, Perotti L, Ji D, Dabaghian Y. Theta oscillons in behaving rats. ARXIV 2024:arXiv:2404.13851v1. [PMID: 38711435 PMCID: PMC11071536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Recently discovered constituents of the brain waves-the oscillons-provide high-resolution representation of the extracellular field dynamics. Here we study the most robust, highest-amplitude oscillons that manifest in actively behaving rats and generally correspond to the traditional θ -waves. We show that the resemblances between θ -oscillons and the conventional θ -waves apply to the ballpark characteristics-mean frequencies, amplitudes, and bandwidths. In addition, both hippocampal and cortical oscillons exhibit a number of intricate, behavior-attuned, transient properties that suggest a new vantage point for understanding the θ -rhythms' structure, origins and functions. We demonstrate that oscillons are frequency-modulated waves, with speed-controlled parameters, embedded into a noise background. We also use a basic model of neuronal synchronization to contextualize and to interpret the observed phenomena. In particular, we argue that the synchronicity level in physiological networks is fairly weak and modulated by the animal's locomotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. S. Zobaer
- Department of Neurology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030
| | - N. Lotfi
- Department of Neurology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030
| | - C. M. Domenico
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030
| | - C. Hoffman
- Department of Neurology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030
| | - L. Perotti
- Department of Physics, Texas Southern University, 3100 Cleburne Ave., Houston, Texas 77004
| | - D. Ji
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Y. Dabaghian
- Department of Neurology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030
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5
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Layfield D, Sidell N, Blankenberger K, Newman EL. Hippocampal inactivation during rearing on hind legs impairs spatial memory. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6136. [PMID: 37061540 PMCID: PMC10105745 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33209-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Spatial memory requires an intact hippocampus. Hippocampal function during epochs of locomotion and quiet rest (e.g., grooming and reward consumption) has been the target of extensive study. However, during navigation rats frequently rear up onto their hind legs, and the importance of hippocampal activity during these periods of attentive sampling for spatial memory is unknown. To address this, we tested the necessity of dorsal hippocampal activity during rearing epochs in the study phase of a delayed win-shift task for memory performance in the subsequent test phase. Hippocampal activity was manipulated with closed-loop, bilateral, optogenetic inactivation. Spatial memory accuracy was significantly and selectively reduced when the dorsal hippocampus was inactivated during rearing epochs at encoding. These data show that hippocampal activity during periods of rearing can be important for spatial memory, revealing a novel link between hippocampal function during epochs of rearing and spatial memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan Layfield
- Program in Neuroscience, Indiana University, 1101 E 10th St, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA.
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, 1101 E 10th St, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA.
| | - Nathan Sidell
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, 1101 E 10th St, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA
| | - Kevin Blankenberger
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, 1101 E 10th St, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA
| | - Ehren Lee Newman
- Program in Neuroscience, Indiana University, 1101 E 10th St, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, 1101 E 10th St, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA
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6
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Hoffman C, Cheng J, Ji D, Dabaghian Y. Pattern dynamics and stochasticity of the brain rhythms. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2218245120. [PMID: 36976768 PMCID: PMC10083604 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2218245120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Our current understanding of brain rhythms is based on quantifying their instantaneous or time-averaged characteristics. What remains unexplored is the actual structure of the waves-their shapes and patterns over finite timescales. Here, we study brain wave patterning in different physiological contexts using two independent approaches: The first is based on quantifying stochasticity relative to the underlying mean behavior, and the second assesses "orderliness" of the waves' features. The corresponding measures capture the waves' characteristics and abnormal behaviors, such as atypical periodicity or excessive clustering, and demonstrate coupling between the patterns' dynamics and the animal's location, speed, and acceleration. Specifically, we studied patterns of θ, γ, and ripple waves recorded in mice hippocampi and observed speed-modulated changes of the wave's cadence, an antiphase relationship between orderliness and acceleration, as well as spatial selectiveness of patterns. Taken together, our results offer a complementary-mesoscale-perspective on brain wave structure, dynamics, and functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clarissa Hoffman
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas, Houston, TX77030
| | - Jingheng Cheng
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX77030
| | - Daoyun Ji
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX77030
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX77030
| | - Yuri Dabaghian
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas, Houston, TX77030
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7
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Abad-Perez P, F.J. MP, Martínez-Otero L, Borrell V, Redondo R, Brotons-Mas J. Theta/gamma co-modulation disruption after nmdar blockade by mk801 is associated with spatial working memory deficits in mice. Neuroscience 2023; 519:162-176. [PMID: 36990270 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2023.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Abnormal NMDAr function has been linked to oscillopathies, psychosis, and cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia (SCZ). Here, we investigate the role of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAr) hypofunction in pathological oscillations and behavior. We implanted mice with tetrodes in the dorsal/intermediate hippocampus and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), administered the NMDAr antagonist MK-801, and recorded oscillations during spontaneous exploration in an open field and in the y-maze spatial working memory test. Our results show that NMDAr blockade disrupted the correlation between oscillations and speed of movement, crucial for internal representations of distance. In the hippocampus, MK-801 increased gamma oscillations and disrupted theta/gamma coupling during spatial working memory. In the mPFC, MK-801 increased the power of theta and gamma, generated high-frequency oscillations (HFO 155-185 Hz), and disrupted theta/gamma coupling. Moreover, the performance of mice in the spatial working memory version of the y-maze was strongly correlated with CA1-PFC theta/gamma co-modulation. Thus, theta/gamma mediated by NMDAr function might explain several of SCZ's cognitive symptoms and might be crucial to explaining hippocampal-PFC interaction.
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8
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Qin Y, Sheremet A, Cooper TL, Burke SN, Maurer AP. Nonlinear Theta-Gamma Coupling between the Anterior Thalamus and Hippocampus Increases as a Function of Running Speed. eNeuro 2023; 10:ENEURO.0470-21.2023. [PMID: 36858827 PMCID: PMC10027116 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0470-21.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The hippocampal theta rhythm strongly correlates to awake behavior leading to theories that it represents a cognitive state of the brain. As theta has been observed in other regions of the Papez circuit, it has been theorized that activity propagates in a reentrant manner. These observations complement the energy cascade hypothesis in which large-amplitude, slow-frequency oscillations reflect activity propagating across a large population of neurons. Higher frequency oscillations, such as gamma, are related to the speed with which inhibitory and excitatory neurons interact and distribute activity on the local level. The energy cascade hypothesis suggests that the larger anatomic loops, maintaining theta, drive the smaller loops. As hippocampal theta increases in power with running speed, so does the power and frequency of the gamma rhythm. If theta is propagated through the circuit, it stands to reason that the local field potential (LFP) recorded in other regions would be coupled to the hippocampal theta, with the coupling increasing with running speed. We explored this hypothesis using open-source simultaneous recorded data from the CA1 region of the hippocampus and the anterior dorsal and anterior ventral thalamus. Cross-regional theta coupling increased with running speed. Although the power of the gamma rhythm was lower in the anterior thalamus, there was an increase in the coupling of hippocampal theta to anterior thalamic gamma. Broadly, the data support models of how activity moves across the nervous system, suggesting that the brain uses large-scale volleys of activity to support higher cognitive processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Qin
- Engineering School of Sustainable Infrastructure and Environment, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611
| | - Alex Sheremet
- Engineering School of Sustainable Infrastructure and Environment, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611
- McKnight Brain Institute, Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610
| | - Tara L Cooper
- McKnight Brain Institute, Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610
| | - Sara N Burke
- McKnight Brain Institute, Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610
| | - Andrew P Maurer
- Engineering School of Sustainable Infrastructure and Environment, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611
- McKnight Brain Institute, Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611
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9
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Zobaer MS, Domenico CM, Perotti L, Ji D, Dabaghian Y. Rapid Spectral Dynamics in Hippocampal Oscillons. Front Comput Neurosci 2022; 16:880742. [PMID: 35757231 PMCID: PMC9226310 DOI: 10.3389/fncom.2022.880742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurons in the brain are submerged into oscillating extracellular potential produced by synchronized synaptic currents. The dynamics of these oscillations is one of the principal characteristics of neurophysiological activity, broadly studied in basic neuroscience and used in applications. However, our interpretation of the brain waves' structure and hence our understanding of their functions depend on the mathematical and computational approaches used for data analysis. The oscillatory nature of the wave dynamics favors Fourier methods, which have dominated the field for several decades and currently constitute the only systematic approach to brain rhythms. In the following study, we outline an alternative framework for analyzing waves of local field potentials (LFPs) and discuss a set of new structures that it uncovers: a discrete set of frequency-modulated oscillatory processes—the brain wave oscillons and their transient spectral dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Zobaer
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical Center at Houston, The University of Texas, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Carli M Domenico
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Luca Perotti
- Department of Physics, Texas Southern University, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Daoyun Ji
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Yuri Dabaghian
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical Center at Houston, The University of Texas, Houston, TX, United States
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10
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Roux F, Parish G, Chelvarajah R, Rollings DT, Sawlani V, Hamer H, Gollwitzer S, Kreiselmeyer G, ter Wal MJ, Kolibius L, Staresina BP, Wimber M, Self MW, Hanslmayr S. Oscillations support short latency co-firing of neurons during human episodic memory formation. eLife 2022; 11:78109. [PMID: 36448671 PMCID: PMC9731574 DOI: 10.7554/elife.78109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Theta and gamma oscillations in the medial temporal lobe are suggested to play a critical role for human memory formation via establishing synchrony in neural assemblies. Arguably, such synchrony facilitates efficient information transfer between neurons and enhances synaptic plasticity, both of which benefit episodic memory formation. However, to date little evidence exists from humans that would provide direct evidence for such a specific role of theta and gamma oscillations for episodic memory formation. Here, we investigate how oscillations shape the temporal structure of neural firing during memory formation in the medial temporal lobe. We measured neural firing and local field potentials in human epilepsy patients via micro-wire electrode recordings to analyze whether brain oscillations are related to co-incidences of firing between neurons during successful and unsuccessful encoding of episodic memories. The results show that phase-coupling of neurons to faster theta and gamma oscillations correlates with co-firing at short latencies (~20-30 ms) and occurs during successful memory formation. Phase-coupling at slower oscillations in these same frequency bands, in contrast, correlates with longer co-firing latencies and occurs during memory failure. Thus, our findings suggest that neural oscillations play a role for the synchronization of neural firing in the medial temporal lobe during the encoding of episodic memories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frédéric Roux
- School of Psychology, Centre for Human Brain Health, University of BirminghamBirminghamUnited Kingdom
| | - George Parish
- School of Psychology, Centre for Human Brain Health, University of BirminghamBirminghamUnited Kingdom
| | - Ramesh Chelvarajah
- School of Psychology, Centre for Human Brain Health, University of BirminghamBirminghamUnited Kingdom,Complex Epilepsy and Surgery Service, Neuroscience Department, Queen Elizabeth Hospital BirminghamBirminghamUnited Kingdom
| | - David T Rollings
- Complex Epilepsy and Surgery Service, Neuroscience Department, Queen Elizabeth Hospital BirminghamBirminghamUnited Kingdom
| | - Vijay Sawlani
- School of Psychology, Centre for Human Brain Health, University of BirminghamBirminghamUnited Kingdom,Complex Epilepsy and Surgery Service, Neuroscience Department, Queen Elizabeth Hospital BirminghamBirminghamUnited Kingdom
| | - Hajo Hamer
- Epilepsy Center, Department of Neurology, University Hospital ErlangenErlangenGermany
| | - Stephanie Gollwitzer
- Epilepsy Center, Department of Neurology, University Hospital ErlangenErlangenGermany
| | - Gernot Kreiselmeyer
- Epilepsy Center, Department of Neurology, University Hospital ErlangenErlangenGermany
| | - Marije J ter Wal
- School of Psychology, Centre for Human Brain Health, University of BirminghamBirminghamUnited Kingdom
| | - Luca Kolibius
- School of Psychology and Neuroscience, Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, University of GlasgowGlasgowUnited Kingdom
| | - Bernhard P Staresina
- School of Psychology, Centre for Human Brain Health, University of BirminghamBirminghamUnited Kingdom,Department of Experimental Psychology, University of OxfordOxfordUnited Kingdom
| | - Maria Wimber
- School of Psychology, Centre for Human Brain Health, University of BirminghamBirminghamUnited Kingdom,School of Psychology and Neuroscience, Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, University of GlasgowGlasgowUnited Kingdom
| | - Matthew W Self
- Department of Vision and Cognition, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, an institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Art and SciencesAmsterdamNetherlands
| | - Simon Hanslmayr
- School of Psychology, Centre for Human Brain Health, University of BirminghamBirminghamUnited Kingdom,School of Psychology and Neuroscience, Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, University of GlasgowGlasgowUnited Kingdom
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11
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Ahn J, Lee D, Jung Y, Kim KR. Structural and functional brain alterations associated with cancer-associated cognitive decline in gastric cancer patients: A preliminary longitudinal neuroimaging study. Brain Behav 2022; 12:e2437. [PMID: 34825514 PMCID: PMC8785631 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.2437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Despite the clinical significance of cancer-associated cognitive decline (CACD), no longitudinal study has evaluated CACD in gastric cancer patients. This preliminary study explored structural and functional neural changes of CACD in gastric cancer patients focusing on the effects of chemotherapy. METHODS 13 gastric cancer patients who received adjuvant chemotherapy (CTx+ group), 9 gastric cancer patients who did not receive adjuvant chemotherapy (CTx- group), and 10 healthy controls (HCs) were enrolled in this study. We performed self-report questionnaires, neurocognitive tests, voxel-based morphometry (VBM), and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI) analyses before and 3 months after chemotherapy. RESULTS Compared to the CTx- group, the CTx+ group exhibited statistically significant decrease in attention and executive function over time and dysfunction in delayed recognition performance. The results of the rsfMRI analysis showed a significant group-by-time interaction in the left hippocampus-anterior thalamus. However, no significant structural change was observed in the VBM analysis. CONCLUSION To the best of our knowledge, this is the first longitudinal neuroimaging study on CACD in gastric cancer patients. Based on the results of our preliminary study, we suggest that the neuropathological processes and clinical presentation of CACD in gastric cancer patients is similar to those of patients associated with age-related neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaeun Ahn
- Department of PsychiatryYonsei University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea
- Institute of Behavioral Science in MedicineYonsei University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea
- Department of PsychiatryIlsan Hospital, National Health Insurance CorporationGoyangRepublic of Korea
| | - DeokJong Lee
- Institute of Behavioral Science in MedicineYonsei University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea
- Department of PsychiatryYongin Severance HospitalYonsei University College of MedicineYonginSouth Korea
| | - Young‐Chul Jung
- Department of PsychiatryYonsei University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea
- Institute of Behavioral Science in MedicineYonsei University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea
| | - Kyung Ran Kim
- Department of PsychiatryYonsei University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea
- Institute of Behavioral Science in MedicineYonsei University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea
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12
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Poo C, Agarwal G, Bonacchi N, Mainen ZF. Spatial maps in piriform cortex during olfactory navigation. Nature 2021; 601:595-599. [PMID: 34937941 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-04242-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Odours are a fundamental part of the sensory environment used by animals to guide behaviours such as foraging and navigation1,2. Primary olfactory (piriform) cortex is thought to be the main cortical region for encoding odour identity3-8. Here, using neural ensemble recordings in freely moving rats performing an odour-cued spatial choice task, we show that posterior piriform cortex neurons carry a robust spatial representation of the environment. Piriform spatial representations have features of a learned cognitive map, being most prominent near odour ports, stable across behavioural contexts and independent of olfactory drive or reward availability. The accuracy of spatial information carried by individual piriform neurons was predicted by the strength of their functional coupling to the hippocampal theta rhythm. Ensembles of piriform neurons concurrently represented odour identity as well as spatial locations of animals, forming an odour-place map. Our results reveal a function for piriform cortex in spatial cognition and suggest that it is well-suited to form odour-place associations and guide olfactory-cued spatial navigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy Poo
- Champalimaud Foundation, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Gautam Agarwal
- W. M. Keck Science Center, The Claremont Colleges, Claremont, CA, USA
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13
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Lenck-Santini PP. Bad Timing for Epileptic Networks: Role of Temporal Dynamics in Seizures and Cognitive Deficits. Epilepsy Curr 2021; 21:15357597211001877. [PMID: 33724060 PMCID: PMC8609592 DOI: 10.1177/15357597211001877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The precise coordination of neuronal activity is critical for optimal brain function. When such coordination fails, this can lead to dire consequences. In this review, I will present evidence that in epilepsy, failed coordination leads not only to seizures but also to alterations of the rhythmical patterns observed in the electroencephalogram and cognitive deficits. Restoring the dynamic coordination of epileptic networks could therefore both improve seizures and cognitive outcomes.
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14
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Kropff E, Carmichael JE, Moser EI, Moser MB. Frequency of theta rhythm is controlled by acceleration, but not speed, in running rats. Neuron 2021; 109:1029-1039.e8. [PMID: 33567253 PMCID: PMC7980093 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2021.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The theta rhythm organizes neural activity across hippocampus and entorhinal cortex. A role for theta oscillations in spatial navigation is supported by half a century of research reporting that theta frequency encodes running speed linearly so that displacement can be estimated through theta frequency integration. We show that this relationship is an artifact caused by the fact that the speed of freely moving animals could not be systematically disentangled from acceleration. Using an experimental procedure that clamps running speed at pre-set values, we find that the theta frequency of local field potentials and spike activity is linearly related to positive acceleration, but not negative acceleration or speed. The modulation by positive-only acceleration makes rhythmic activity at theta frequency unfit as a code to compute displacement or any other kinematic variable. Temporally precise variations in theta frequency may instead serve as a mechanism for speeding up entorhinal-hippocampal computations during accelerated movement. Entorhinal-hippocampal theta frequency is not modulated by speed Theta frequency is linearly related to positive, but not negative, acceleration Rhythmic spiking modulation by acceleration is expressed across functional cell types Slow decay of theta frequency after acceleration creates spurious speed correlation
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilio Kropff
- Kavli Institute for Systems Neuroscience and Centre for Neural Computation, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway; Leloir Institute-IIBBA-CONICET, Buenos Aires 1405BWE, Argentina.
| | - James E Carmichael
- Kavli Institute for Systems Neuroscience and Centre for Neural Computation, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Edvard I Moser
- Kavli Institute for Systems Neuroscience and Centre for Neural Computation, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway.
| | - May-Britt Moser
- Kavli Institute for Systems Neuroscience and Centre for Neural Computation, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
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15
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Lenck-Santini PP, Sakkaki S. Alterations of Neuronal Dynamics as a Mechanism for Cognitive Impairment in Epilepsy. Curr Top Behav Neurosci 2021; 55:65-106. [PMID: 33454922 DOI: 10.1007/7854_2020_193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Epilepsy is commonly associated with cognitive and behavioral deficits that dramatically affect the quality of life of patients. In order to identify novel therapeutic strategies aimed at reducing these deficits, it is critical first to understand the mechanisms leading to cognitive impairments in epilepsy. Traditionally, seizures and epileptiform activity in addition to neuronal injury have been considered to be the most significant contributors to cognitive dysfunction. In this review we however highlight the role of a new mechanism: alterations of neuronal dynamics, i.e. the timing at which neurons and networks receive and process neural information. These alterations, caused by the underlying etiologies of epilepsy syndromes, are observed in both animal models and patients in the form of abnormal oscillation patterns in unit firing, local field potentials, and electroencephalogram (EEG). Evidence suggests that such mechanisms significantly contribute to cognitive impairment in epilepsy, independently of seizures and interictal epileptiform activity. Therefore, therapeutic strategies directly targeting neuronal dynamics rather than seizure reduction may significantly benefit the quality of life of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-Pascal Lenck-Santini
- Aix-Marseille Université, INSERM, INMED, Marseille, France. .,Department of Neurological sciences, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA.
| | - Sophie Sakkaki
- Department of Neurological sciences, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA.,Université de. Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, IGF, Montpellier, France
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16
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Tigaret CM, Lin TCE, Morrell ER, Sykes L, Moon AL, O’Donovan MC, Owen MJ, Wilkinson LS, Jones MW, Thomas KL, Hall J. Neurotrophin receptor activation rescues cognitive and synaptic abnormalities caused by hemizygosity of the psychiatric risk gene Cacna1c. Mol Psychiatry 2021; 26:1748-1760. [PMID: 33597718 PMCID: PMC8440217 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-020-01001-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Genetic variation in CACNA1C, which encodes the alpha-1 subunit of CaV1.2 L-type voltage-gated calcium channels, is strongly linked to risk for psychiatric disorders including schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. To translate genetics to neurobiological mechanisms and rational therapeutic targets, we investigated the impact of mutations of one copy of Cacna1c on rat cognitive, synaptic and circuit phenotypes implicated by patient studies. We show that rats hemizygous for Cacna1c harbour marked impairments in learning to disregard non-salient stimuli, a behavioural change previously associated with psychosis. This behavioural deficit is accompanied by dys-coordinated network oscillations during learning, pathway-selective disruption of hippocampal synaptic plasticity, attenuated Ca2+ signalling in dendritic spines and decreased signalling through the Extracellular-signal Regulated Kinase (ERK) pathway. Activation of the ERK pathway by a small-molecule agonist of TrkB/TrkC neurotrophin receptors rescued both behavioural and synaptic plasticity deficits in Cacna1c+/- rats. These results map a route through which genetic variation in CACNA1C can disrupt experience-dependent synaptic signalling and circuit activity, culminating in cognitive alterations associated with psychiatric disorders. Our findings highlight targeted activation of neurotrophin signalling pathways with BDNF mimetic drugs as a genetically informed therapeutic approach for rescuing behavioural abnormalities in psychiatric disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cezar M. Tigaret
- grid.5600.30000 0001 0807 5670Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Tzu-Ching E. Lin
- grid.5600.30000 0001 0807 5670Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Edward R. Morrell
- grid.5600.30000 0001 0807 5670School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK ,grid.5337.20000 0004 1936 7603School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Lucy Sykes
- grid.5600.30000 0001 0807 5670Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK ,Present Address: Neem Biotech, Abertillery, Blaenau Gwent UK
| | - Anna L. Moon
- grid.5600.30000 0001 0807 5670Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK ,grid.5600.30000 0001 0807 5670MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical NeurosciencesSchool of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Michael C. O’Donovan
- grid.5600.30000 0001 0807 5670Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK ,grid.5600.30000 0001 0807 5670MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical NeurosciencesSchool of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Michael J. Owen
- grid.5600.30000 0001 0807 5670Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK ,grid.5600.30000 0001 0807 5670MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical NeurosciencesSchool of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Lawrence S. Wilkinson
- grid.5600.30000 0001 0807 5670Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK ,grid.5600.30000 0001 0807 5670School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK ,grid.5600.30000 0001 0807 5670MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical NeurosciencesSchool of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Matthew W. Jones
- grid.5337.20000 0004 1936 7603School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Kerrie L. Thomas
- grid.5600.30000 0001 0807 5670Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK ,grid.5600.30000 0001 0807 5670School of Bioscience, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Jeremy Hall
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK. .,MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical NeurosciencesSchool of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
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17
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Dannenberg H, Lazaro H, Nambiar P, Hoyland A, Hasselmo ME. Effects of visual inputs on neural dynamics for coding of location and running speed in medial entorhinal cortex. eLife 2020; 9:62500. [PMID: 33300873 PMCID: PMC7773338 DOI: 10.7554/elife.62500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuronal representations of spatial location and movement speed in the medial entorhinal cortex during the ‘active’ theta state of the brain are important for memory-guided navigation and rely on visual inputs. However, little is known about how visual inputs change neural dynamics as a function of running speed and time. By manipulating visual inputs in mice, we demonstrate that changes in spatial stability of grid cell firing correlate with changes in a proposed speed signal by local field potential theta frequency. In contrast, visual inputs do not alter the running speed-dependent gain in neuronal firing rates. Moreover, we provide evidence that sensory inputs other than visual inputs can support grid cell firing, though less accurately, in complete darkness. Finally, changes in spatial accuracy of grid cell firing on a 10 s time scale suggest that grid cell firing is a function of velocity signals integrated over past time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holger Dannenberg
- Center for Systems Neuroscience, Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, Boston, United States
| | - Hallie Lazaro
- Center for Systems Neuroscience, Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, Boston, United States
| | - Pranav Nambiar
- Center for Systems Neuroscience, Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, Boston, United States
| | - Alec Hoyland
- Center for Systems Neuroscience, Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, Boston, United States
| | - Michael E Hasselmo
- Center for Systems Neuroscience, Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, Boston, United States
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18
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Young CK, Ruan M, McNaughton N. Speed modulation of hippocampal theta frequency and amplitude predicts water maze learning. Hippocampus 2020; 31:201-212. [PMID: 33171002 DOI: 10.1002/hipo.23281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Theta oscillations in the hippocampus have many behavioral correlates, with the magnitude and vigor of ongoing movement being the most salient. Many consider correlates of locomotion with hippocampal theta to be a confound in delineating theta contributions to cognitive processes. Theory and empirical experiments suggest theta-movement relationships are important if spatial navigation is to support higher cognitive processes. In the current study, we tested if variations in speed modulation of hippocampal theta can predict spatial learning rates in the water maze. Using multi-step regression, we find that the magnitude and robustness of hippocampal theta frequency versus speed scaling can predict water maze learning rates. Using a generalized linear model, we also demonstrate that speed and water maze learning are the best predictors of hippocampal theta frequency and amplitude. Our findings suggest movement-speed correlations with hippocampal theta frequency may be actively used in spatial learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Calvin K Young
- Department of Psychology and Brain Health Research Centre, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Ming Ruan
- Department of Psychology and Brain Health Research Centre, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.,Zhuhai Municipal Women's and Children's Hospital, Zhuhai, China
| | - Neil McNaughton
- Department of Psychology and Brain Health Research Centre, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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19
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Kloc ML, Velasquez F, Niedecker RW, Barry JM, Holmes GL. Disruption of hippocampal rhythms via optogenetic stimulation during the critical period for memory development impairs spatial cognition. Brain Stimul 2020; 13:1535-1547. [PMID: 32871261 DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2020.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hippocampal oscillations play a critical role in the ontogeny of allocentric memory in rodents. During the critical period for memory development, hippocampal theta is the driving force behind the temporal coordination of neuronal ensembles underpinning spatial memory. While known that hippocampal oscillations are necessary for normal spatial cognition, whether disrupted hippocampal oscillatory activity during the critical period impairs long-term spatial memory is unknown. Here we investigated whether disruption of normal hippocampal rhythms during the critical period have enduring effects on allocentric memory in rodents. OBJECTIVE/HYPOTHESIS We hypothesized that disruption of hippocampal oscillations via artificial regulation of the medial septum during the critical period for memory development results in long-standing deficits in spatial cognition. METHODS After demonstrating that pan-neuronal medial septum (MS) optogenetic stimulation (465 nm activated) regulated hippocampal oscillations in weanling rats we used a random pattern of stimulation frequencies to disrupt hippocampal theta rhythms for either 1Hr or 5hr a day between postnatal (P) days 21-25. Non-stimulated and yellow light-stimulated (590 nm) rats served as controls. At P50-60 all rats were tested for spatial cognition in the active avoidance task. Rats were then sacrificed, and the MS and hippocampus assessed for cell loss. Power spectrum density of the MS and hippocampus, coherences and voltage correlations between MS and hippocampus were evaluated at baseline for a range of stimulation frequencies from 0.5 to 110 Hz and during disruptive hippocampal stimulation. Unpaired t-tests and ANOVA were used to compare oscillatory parameters, behavior and cell density in all animals. RESULTS Non-selective optogenetic stimulation of the MS in P21 rats resulted in precise regulation of hippocampal oscillations with 1:1 entrainment between stimulation frequency (0.5-110 Hz) and hippocampal local field potentials. Across bandwidths MS stimulation increased power, coherence and voltage correlation at all frequencies whereas the disruptive stimulation increased power and reduced coherence and voltage correlations with most statistical measures highly significant (p < 0.001, following correction for false detection). Rats receiving disruptive hippocampal stimulation during the critical period for memory development for either 1Hr or 5hr had marked impairment in spatial learning as measured in active avoidance test compared to non-stimulated or yellow light-control rats (p < 0.001). No cell loss was measured between the blue-stimulated and non-stimulated or yellow light-stimulated controls in either the MS or hippocampus. CONCLUSION The results demonstrated that robust regulation of hippocampal oscillations can be achieved with non-selective optogenetic stimulation of the MS in rat pups. A disruptive hippocampal stimulation protocol, which markedly increases power and reduces coherence and voltage correlations between the MS and hippocampus during the critical period of memory development, results in long-standing spatial cognitive deficits. This spatial cognitive impairment is not a result of optogenetic stimulation-induced cell loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle L Kloc
- Epilepsy Development and Cognition Group, Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Vermont, Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Francisco Velasquez
- Epilepsy Development and Cognition Group, Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Vermont, Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Rhys W Niedecker
- Epilepsy Development and Cognition Group, Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Vermont, Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Jeremy M Barry
- Epilepsy Development and Cognition Group, Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Vermont, Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Gregory L Holmes
- Epilepsy Development and Cognition Group, Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Vermont, Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, USA.
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20
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Mouchati PR, Kloc ML, Holmes GL, White SL, Barry JM. Optogenetic "low-theta" pacing of the septohippocampal circuit is sufficient for spatial goal finding and is influenced by behavioral state and cognitive demand. Hippocampus 2020; 30:1167-1193. [PMID: 32710688 DOI: 10.1002/hipo.23248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Hippocampal theta oscillations show prominent changes in frequency and amplitude depending on behavioral state or cognitive demands. How these dynamic changes in theta oscillations contribute to the spatial and temporal organization of hippocampal cells, and ultimately behavior, remain unclear. We used low-theta frequency optogenetic stimulation to pace coordination of cellular and network activity between the medial septum (MS) and hippocampus during baseline and MS stimulation while rats were at rest or performing a spatial accuracy task with a visible or hidden goal zone. Hippocampal receptivity to pan-neuronal septal stimulation at low-theta frequency was primarily determined by speed and secondarily by task demands. Competition between artificial and endogenous field potentials at theta frequency attenuated hippocampal phase preference relative to local theta, but the spike-timing activity of hippocampal pyramidal cells was effectively driven by artificial septal output, particularly during the hidden goal task. Notwithstanding temporal reorganization by artificial theta stimulation, place field properties were unchanged and alterations to spatial behavior were limited to goal zone approximation. Our results indicate that even a low-theta frequency timing signal in the septohippocampal circuit is sufficient for spatial goal finding behavior. The results also advance a mechanistic understanding of how endogenous or artificial somatodendritic timing signals relate to displacement computations during navigation and spatial memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe R Mouchati
- Epilepsy Cognition and Development Group, Department of Neurological Sciences, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Michelle L Kloc
- Epilepsy Cognition and Development Group, Department of Neurological Sciences, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Gregory L Holmes
- Epilepsy Cognition and Development Group, Department of Neurological Sciences, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Sheryl L White
- Epilepsy Cognition and Development Group, Department of Neurological Sciences, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Jeremy M Barry
- Epilepsy Cognition and Development Group, Department of Neurological Sciences, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
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21
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Schultheiss NW, Schlecht M, Jayachandran M, Brooks DR, McGlothan JL, Guilarte TR, Allen TA. Awake delta and theta-rhythmic hippocampal network modes during intermittent locomotor behaviors in the rat. Behav Neurosci 2020; 134:529-546. [PMID: 32672989 DOI: 10.1037/bne0000409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Delta-frequency network activity is commonly associated with sleep or behavioral disengagement accompanied by a dearth of cortical spiking, but delta in awake behaving animals is not well understood. We show that hippocampal (HC) synchronization in the delta frequency band (1-4 Hz) is related to animals' locomotor behavior using detailed analyses of the HC local field potential (LFP) and simultaneous head- and body-tracking data. In contrast to running-speed modulation of the theta rhythm (6-10 Hz), delta was most prominent when animals were stationary or moving slowly, that is, when theta and fast gamma (65-120 Hz) were weak, and often developed rapidly when animals paused briefly between runs. We next combined time-frequency decomposition of the LFP with hierarchical clustering algorithms to categorize momentary estimations of the power spectral density (PSD) into putative modes of HC activity. Delta and theta power were strikingly orthogonal across spectral modes, as well as across bouts of precisely defined running and stationary behavior. Delta-band and theta-band coherences between HC recording sites were monotonically related to theta-delta ratios across modes; and whereas theta coherence between HC and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) increased during running, delta-band coherence between mPFC and HC increased during stationary bouts. Taken together, our findings suggest that delta-dominated network modes (and corresponding mPFC-HC couplings) represent functionally distinct circuit dynamics that are temporally and behaviorally interspersed among theta-dominated modes during navigation. As such, delta modes could play a fundamental role in coordinating encoding and retrieval mechanisms or decision-making processes at a timescale that segments event sequences within behavioral episodes. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Deborah R Brooks
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Robert Stempel College of Public Health, Florida International University
| | - Jennifer L McGlothan
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Robert Stempel College of Public Health, Florida International University
| | - Tomás R Guilarte
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Robert Stempel College of Public Health, Florida International University
| | - Timothy A Allen
- Cognitive Neuroscience Program, Robert Stempel College of Public Health, Florida International University
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22
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Barry JM, Mahoney JM, Holmes GL. Coordination of hippocampal theta and gamma oscillations relative to spatial active avoidance reflects cognitive outcome after febrile status epilepticus. Behav Neurosci 2020; 134:562-576. [PMID: 32628031 DOI: 10.1037/bne0000388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cognitive deficits may arise from a variety of genetic alterations and neurological insults that impair neural coding mechanisms and the routing of neural information underpinning learning and memory. Slow and medium gamma oscillations underpin memory recall and sensorimotor processing and represent dynamic inputs at CA1 synapses. Febrile status epilepticus (FSE) can lead to increased risk for temporal lobe epilepsy and enduring cognitive impairments. In a rodent model, we assessed how FSE alters hippocampal CA1 signals relative to spatial task performance and serve as a readout of synaptic input efficacy. The power of theta (5-12 Hz), slow gamma (30-50 Hz), and medium gamma (70-90 Hz) differentially interact with respect to cognitive demands during active avoidance behavior on a rotating arena. Successful avoidance was characterized by slow gamma that was largest several seconds before or after peak acceleration. Peak acceleration coincides with peak theta oscillations, followed within approximately 1 s by peak medium gamma. FSE animals showing impairment in the task maintained the profiles of theta and medium gamma associated with increased sensorimotor processing following peak acceleration but did not exhibit the same slow gamma profile associated with epochs of memory retrieval. While CA1 synapses from entorhinal cortex were functionally unaffected by FSE, communication via synapses from CA3 may have been impaired, leading to both temporal discoordination and poor memory retrieval. These findings demonstrate theta/gamma profiles can serve as both physiological biomarkers for memory retrieval or encoding deficits and synapse level treatment targets that could attenuate cognitive comorbidities associated with early life seizures. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
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23
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Segneri M, Bi H, Olmi S, Torcini A. Theta-Nested Gamma Oscillations in Next Generation Neural Mass Models. Front Comput Neurosci 2020; 14:47. [PMID: 32547379 PMCID: PMC7270590 DOI: 10.3389/fncom.2020.00047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Theta-nested gamma oscillations have been reported in many areas of the brain and are believed to represent a fundamental mechanism to transfer information across spatial and temporal scales. In a series of recent experiments in vitro it has been possible to replicate with an optogenetic theta frequency stimulation several features of cross-frequency coupling (CFC) among theta and gamma rhythms observed in behaving animals. In order to reproduce the main findings of these experiments we have considered a new class of neural mass models able to reproduce exactly the macroscopic dynamics of spiking neural networks. In this framework, we have examined two set-ups able to support collective gamma oscillations: namely, the pyramidal interneuronal network gamma (PING) and the interneuronal network gamma (ING). In both set-ups we observe the emergence of theta-nested gamma oscillations by driving the system with a sinusoidal theta-forcing in proximity of a Hopf bifurcation. These mixed rhythms always display phase amplitude coupling. However, two different types of nested oscillations can be identified: one characterized by a perfect phase locking between theta and gamma rhythms, corresponding to an overall periodic behavior; another one where the locking is imperfect and the dynamics is quasi-periodic or even chaotic. From our analysis it emerges that the locked states are more frequent in the ING set-up. In agreement with the experiments, we find theta-nested gamma oscillations for forcing frequencies in the range [1:10] Hz, whose amplitudes grow proportionally to the forcing intensity and which are clearly modulated by the theta phase. Furthermore, analogously to the experiments, the gamma power and the frequency of the gamma-power peak increase with the forcing amplitude. At variance with experimental findings, the gamma-power peak does not shift to higher frequencies by increasing the theta frequency. This effect can be obtained, in our model, only by incrementing, at the same time, also the stimulation power. An effect achieved by increasing the amplitude either of the noise or of the forcing term proportionally to the theta frequency. On the basis of our analysis both the PING and the ING mechanism give rise to theta-nested gamma oscillations with almost identical features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Segneri
- Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modélisation, Université de Cergy-Pontoise, CNRS, UMR 8089, Cergy-Pontoise, France
| | - Hongjie Bi
- Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modélisation, Université de Cergy-Pontoise, CNRS, UMR 8089, Cergy-Pontoise, France.,Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Simona Olmi
- Inria Sophia Antipolis Méditerranée Research Centre, Valbonne, France.,CNR-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche-Istituto dei Sistemi Complessi, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Alessandro Torcini
- Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modélisation, Université de Cergy-Pontoise, CNRS, UMR 8089, Cergy-Pontoise, France.,CNR-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche-Istituto dei Sistemi Complessi, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
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24
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Sakkaki S, Barrière S, Bender AC, Scott RC, Lenck-Santini PP. Focal Dorsal Hippocampal Nav1.1 Knock Down Alters Place Cell Temporal Coordination and Spatial Behavior. Cereb Cortex 2020; 30:5049-5066. [PMID: 32377688 PMCID: PMC8475810 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhaa101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Alterations in the voltage-gated sodium channel Nav.1.1 are implicated in various neurological disorders, including epilepsy, Alzheimer's disease, and autism spectrum disorders. Previous studies suggest that the reduction of Nav1.1 expression leads to a decrease of fast spiking activity in inhibitory neurons. Because interneurons (INs) play a critical role in the temporal organization of neuronal discharge, we hypothesize that Nav1.1 dysfunction will negatively impact neuronal coordination in vivo. Using shRNA interference, we induced a focal Nav1.1 knock-down (KD) in the dorsal region of the right hippocampus of adult rats. Focal, unilateral Nav1.1 KD decreases the performance in a spatial novelty recognition task and the firing rate in INs, but not in pyramidal cells. It reduced theta/gamma coupling of hippocampal oscillations and induced a shift in pyramidal cell theta phase preference. Nav1.1 KD degraded spatial accuracy and temporal coding properties of place cells, such as theta phase precession and compression of ongoing sequences. Aken together, these data demonstrate that a deficit in Nav1.1 alters the temporal coordination of neuronal firing in CA1 and impairs behaviors that rely on the integrity of this network. They highlight the potential contribution of local inhibition in neuronal coordination and its impact on behavior in pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Sakkaki
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA.,IGF, Université Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier 34094, France
| | - Sylvain Barrière
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Alex C Bender
- Dartmouth Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, NH 03755 ,USA
| | - Rod C Scott
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA.,UCL Institute of Child Health, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, UK.,Department of Neurology, Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Trust, London WC1N 3JH, UK
| | - Pierre-Pascal Lenck-Santini
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA.,INMED, INSERM, Aix-Marseille Univ, Marseille, France
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25
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Chang P, Bush D, Schorge S, Good M, Canonica T, Shing N, Noy S, Wiseman FK, Burgess N, Tybulewicz VLJ, Walker MC, Fisher EMC. Altered Hippocampal-Prefrontal Neural Dynamics in Mouse Models of Down Syndrome. Cell Rep 2020; 30:1152-1163.e4. [PMID: 31995755 PMCID: PMC6996020 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.12.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Altered neural dynamics in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and hippocampus may contribute to cognitive impairments in the complex chromosomal disorder Down syndrome (DS). Here, we demonstrate non-overlapping behavioral differences associated with distinct abnormalities in hippocampal and mPFC electrophysiology during a canonical spatial working memory task in three partially trisomic mouse models of DS (Dp1Tyb, Dp10Yey, and Dp17Yey) that together cover all regions of homology with human chromosome 21 (Hsa21). Dp1Tyb mice show slower decision-making (unrelated to the gene dose of DYRK1A, which has been implicated in DS cognitive dysfunction) and altered theta dynamics (reduced frequency, increased hippocampal-mPFC coherence, and increased modulation of hippocampal high gamma); Dp10Yey mice show impaired alternation performance and reduced theta modulation of hippocampal low gamma; and Dp17Yey mice are not significantly different from the wild type. These results link specific hippocampal and mPFC circuit dysfunctions to cognitive deficits in DS models and, importantly, map them to discrete regions of Hsa21.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pishan Chang
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK; Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Daniel Bush
- UCL Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London WC1N 3AZ, UK
| | - Stephanie Schorge
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Mark Good
- School of Psychology, College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Tara Canonica
- School of Psychology, College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Nathanael Shing
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Suzanna Noy
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Frances K Wiseman
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Neil Burgess
- UCL Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London WC1N 3AZ, UK
| | - Victor L J Tybulewicz
- Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, UK; Department of Medicine, Imperial College, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Matthew C Walker
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK.
| | - Elizabeth M C Fisher
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK
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26
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Sun Y, Jin S, Lin X, Chen L, Qiao X, Jiang L, Zhou P, Johnston KG, Golshani P, Nie Q, Holmes TC, Nitz DA, Xu X. CA1-projecting subiculum neurons facilitate object-place learning. Nat Neurosci 2019; 22:1857-1870. [PMID: 31548723 PMCID: PMC6819262 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-019-0496-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Recent anatomical evidence suggests a functionally significant back-projection pathway from the subiculum to the CA1. Here we show that the afferent circuitry of CA1-projecting subicular neurons is biased by inputs from CA1 inhibitory neurons and the visual cortex, but lacks input from the entorhinal cortex. Efferents of the CA1-projecting subiculum neurons also target the perirhinal cortex, an area strongly implicated in object-place learning. We identify a critical role for CA1-projecting subicular neurons in object-location learning and memory, and show that this projection modulates place-specific activity of CA1 neurons and their responses to displaced objects. Together, these experiments reveal a novel pathway by which cortical inputs, particularly those from the visual cortex, reach the hippocampal output region CA1. Our findings also implicate this circuitry in the formation of complex spatial representations and learning of object-place associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjun Sun
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.,Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Suoqin Jin
- Department of Mathematics and Department of Developmental & Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Xiaoxiao Lin
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Lujia Chen
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Xin Qiao
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Li Jiang
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Pengcheng Zhou
- Department of Statistics and Center for Theoretical Neuroscience, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kevin G Johnston
- Department of Mathematics and Department of Developmental & Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Peyman Golshani
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,West Los Angeles VA Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Qing Nie
- Department of Mathematics and Department of Developmental & Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Todd C Holmes
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Douglas A Nitz
- Department of Cognitive Science, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| | - Xiangmin Xu
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA. .,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA. .,Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA. .,Department of Computer Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.
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27
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Dillingham CM, Milczarek MM, Perry JC, Frost BE, Parker GD, Assaf Y, Sengpiel F, O'Mara SM, Vann SD. Mammillothalamic Disconnection Alters Hippocampocortical Oscillatory Activity and Microstructure: Implications for Diencephalic Amnesia. J Neurosci 2019; 39:6696-6713. [PMID: 31235646 PMCID: PMC6703878 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0827-19.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 06/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Diencephalic amnesia can be as debilitating as the more commonly known temporal lobe amnesia, yet the precise contribution of diencephalic structures to memory processes remains elusive. Across four cohorts of male rats, we used discrete lesions of the mammillothalamic tract to model aspects of diencephalic amnesia and assessed the impact of these lesions on multiple measures of activity and plasticity within the hippocampus and retrosplenial cortex. Lesions of the mammillothalamic tract had widespread indirect effects on hippocampocortical oscillatory activity within both theta and gamma bands. Both within-region oscillatory activity and cross-regional synchrony were altered. The network changes were state-dependent, displaying different profiles during locomotion and paradoxical sleep. Consistent with the associations between oscillatory activity and plasticity, complementary analyses using several convergent approaches revealed microstructural changes, which appeared to reflect a suppression of learning-induced plasticity in lesioned animals. Together, these combined findings suggest a mechanism by which damage to the medial diencephalon can impact upon learning and memory processes, highlighting an important role for the mammillary bodies in the coordination of hippocampocortical activity.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Information flow within the Papez circuit is critical to memory. Damage to ascending mammillothalamic projections has consistently been linked to amnesia in humans and spatial memory deficits in animal models. Here we report on the changes in hippocampocortical oscillatory dynamics that result from chronic lesions of the mammillothalamic tract and demonstrate, for the first time, that the mammillary bodies, independently of the supramammillary region, contribute to frequency modulation of hippocampocortical theta oscillations. Consistent with the associations between oscillatory activity and plasticity, the lesions also result in a suppression of learning-induced plasticity. Together, these data support new functional models whereby mammillary bodies are important for coordinating hippocampocortical activity rather than simply being a relay of hippocampal information as previously assumed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher M Dillingham
- School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
- Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Michal M Milczarek
- School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - James C Perry
- School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Bethany E Frost
- Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Greg D Parker
- EMRIC, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AX, United Kingdom
| | - Yaniv Assaf
- George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel 6997801, and
| | - Frank Sengpiel
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AX, United Kingdom
| | - Shane M O'Mara
- Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Seralynne D Vann
- School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom,
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28
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Kunz L, Maidenbaum S, Chen D, Wang L, Jacobs J, Axmacher N. Mesoscopic Neural Representations in Spatial Navigation. Trends Cogn Sci 2019; 23:615-630. [PMID: 31130396 PMCID: PMC6601347 DOI: 10.1016/j.tics.2019.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Recent evidence suggests that mesoscopic neural oscillations measured via intracranial electroencephalography exhibit spatial representations, which were previously only observed at the micro- and macroscopic level of brain organization. Specifically, theta (and gamma) oscillations correlate with movement, speed, distance, specific locations, and goal proximity to boundaries. In entorhinal cortex (EC), they exhibit hexadirectional modulation, which is putatively linked to grid cell activity. Understanding this mesoscopic neural code is crucial because information represented by oscillatory power and phase may complement the information content at other levels of brain organization. Mesoscopic neural oscillations help bridge the gap between single-neuron and macroscopic brain signals of spatial navigation and may provide a mechanistic basis for novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets to treat diseases causing spatial disorientation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Kunz
- Epilepsy Center, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany.
| | - Shachar Maidenbaum
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York City, NY, USA.
| | - Dong Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Joshua Jacobs
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York City, NY, USA.
| | - Nikolai Axmacher
- Department of Neuropsychology, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
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29
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Internal representation of hippocampal neuronal population spans a time-distance continuum. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:7477-7482. [PMID: 30910984 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1718518116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The hippocampus plays a critical role in episodic memory: the sequential representation of visited places and experienced events. This function is mirrored by hippocampal activity that self organizes into sequences of neuronal activation that integrate spatiotemporal information. What are the underlying mechanisms of such integration is still unknown. Single cell activity was recently shown to combine time and distance information; however, it remains unknown whether a degree of tuning between space and time can be defined at the network level. Here, combining daily calcium imaging of CA1 sequence dynamics in running head-fixed mice and network modeling, we show that CA1 network activity tends to represent a specific combination of space and time at any given moment, and that the degree of tuning can shift within a continuum from 1 day to the next. Our computational model shows that this shift in tuning can happen under the control of the external drive power. We propose that extrinsic global inputs shape the nature of spatiotemporal integration in the hippocampus at the population level depending on the task at hand, a hypothesis which may guide future experimental studies.
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30
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Van Zandt M, Weiss E, Almyasheva A, Lipior S, Maisel S, Naegele JR. Adeno-associated viral overexpression of neuroligin 2 in the mouse hippocampus enhances GABAergic synapses and impairs hippocampal-dependent behaviors. Behav Brain Res 2018; 362:7-20. [PMID: 30605713 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2018.12.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/29/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The cell adhesion molecule neuroligin2 (NLGN2) regulates GABAergic synapse development, but its role in neural circuit function in the adult hippocampus is unclear. We investigated GABAergic synapses and hippocampus-dependent behaviors following viral-vector-mediated overexpression of NLGN2. Transducing hippocampal neurons with AAV-NLGN2 increased neuronal expression of NLGN2 and membrane localization of GABAergic postsynaptic proteins gephyrin and GABAARγ2, and presynaptic vesicular GABA transporter protein (VGAT) suggesting trans-synaptic enhancement of GABAergic synapses. In contrast, glutamatergic postsynaptic density protein-95 (PSD-95) and presynaptic vesicular glutamate transporter (VGLUT) protein were unaltered. Moreover, AAV-NLGN2 significantly increased parvalbumin immunoreactive (PV+) synaptic boutons co-localized with postsynaptic gephyrin+ puncta. Furthermore, these changes were demonstrated to lead to cognitive impairments as shown in a battery of hippocampal-dependent mnemonic tasks and social behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Van Zandt
- Wesleyan University, Department of Biology, Program in Neuroscience and Behavior, Middletown, CT, United States
| | - E Weiss
- Wesleyan University, Department of Biology, Program in Neuroscience and Behavior, Middletown, CT, United States
| | - A Almyasheva
- Wesleyan University, Department of Biology, Program in Neuroscience and Behavior, Middletown, CT, United States
| | - S Lipior
- Wesleyan University, Department of Biology, Program in Neuroscience and Behavior, Middletown, CT, United States
| | - S Maisel
- Wesleyan University, Department of Biology, Program in Neuroscience and Behavior, Middletown, CT, United States
| | - J R Naegele
- Wesleyan University, Department of Biology, Program in Neuroscience and Behavior, Middletown, CT, United States.
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31
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Solari N, Hangya B. Cholinergic modulation of spatial learning, memory and navigation. Eur J Neurosci 2018; 48:2199-2230. [PMID: 30055067 PMCID: PMC6174978 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.14089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Spatial learning, including encoding and retrieval of spatial memories as well as holding spatial information in working memory generally serving navigation under a broad range of circumstances, relies on a network of structures. While central to this network are medial temporal lobe structures with a widely appreciated crucial function of the hippocampus, neocortical areas such as the posterior parietal cortex and the retrosplenial cortex also play essential roles. Since the hippocampus receives its main subcortical input from the medial septum of the basal forebrain (BF) cholinergic system, it is not surprising that the potential role of the septo-hippocampal pathway in spatial navigation has been investigated in many studies. Much less is known of the involvement in spatial cognition of the parallel projection system linking the posterior BF with neocortical areas. Here we review the current state of the art of the division of labour within this complex 'navigation system', with special focus on how subcortical cholinergic inputs may regulate various aspects of spatial learning, memory and navigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Solari
- Lendület Laboratory of Systems NeuroscienceDepartment of Cellular and Network NeurobiologyInstitute of Experimental MedicineHungarian Academy of SciencesBudapestHungary
| | - Balázs Hangya
- Lendület Laboratory of Systems NeuroscienceDepartment of Cellular and Network NeurobiologyInstitute of Experimental MedicineHungarian Academy of SciencesBudapestHungary
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32
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Zeng Y, Cheng ASK, Song T, Sheng X, Wang S, Xie J, Chan CCH. Effects of Acupuncture on Cancer-Related Cognitive Impairment in Chinese Gynecological Cancer Patients: A Pilot Cohort Study. Integr Cancer Ther 2018; 17:737-746. [PMID: 29806502 PMCID: PMC6142078 DOI: 10.1177/1534735418777109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Among women in China, gynecological cancers are the
second most common cancers after breast cancer. Cancer-related cognitive
impairment (CRCI) has emerged as a significant problem affecting gynecological
cancer survivors. While acupuncture has been used in different aspects of cancer
care, the possible positive effects of acupuncture on cognitive impairment have
received little attention. This study hypothesized that patients would
demonstrate lower neurocognitive performance and lower structural connectivity
compared to healthy controls. This pilot study also hypothesized that
acupuncture may potentially be effective in treating CRCI of cancer patients by
increasing brain structural connectivity and integrity. Methods:
This prospective cohort study consisted of 3 stages: the first stage included a
group of gynecological cancer patients and a group of age-matched healthy
controls. This baseline stage used a core set of neurocognitive tests to screen
patients with cognitive impairment and used a multimodal approach of brain
magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to explore the possible neurobiological
mechanism of cognitive impairment in cancer patients, comparing the results with
a group of noncancer controls. The second stage involved assigning CRCI patients
into the acupuncture intervention group, while patients without CRCI were
assigned into the cancer control group. The third stage was a postintervention
assessment of neurocognitive function by the same set of neurocognitive tests at
baseline. To explore the possible neurobiological basis of acupuncture for
treating CRCI, this study also used a multimodal MRI approach to assess changes
in brain structural connectivity, and neurochemical properties in patients at
pre- and postacupuncture intervention. Results: This study found
that the prevalence of cognitive impairment in Chinese gynecological cancer
patients at diagnosis was 26.67%. When investigating the microstructural white
matter in the brain, diffusion tensor imaging data in this study indicated that
premorbid cognitive functioning (before clinical manifestations become evident)
has already existed, as the global and local connectome properties in the entire
patient group were lower than in the healthy control group. Using magnetic
resonance spectroscopy, this study indicated there was a significant reduction
of relative concentration of NAA (N-acetyl aspartate) in the
left hippocampus, comparing these results with healthy controls. Regarding the
effects of acupuncture on reducing CRCI, patients in the acupuncture group
reported better neurocognitive test performance after matching for age,
menopausal status, cancer stage, and chemotherapy regimen dosage. On a
microstructural level, acupuncture’s ability to reduce CRCI may be attributed to
a reduction in demyelination and an enhancement of the neuronal viability of
white matter in the hippocampus. Conclusion: This pilot study
indicates that acupuncture is a promising intervention in treating CRCI in
gynecological cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy; however, it requires
evaluation in larger randomized controlled studies to definitively assess its
benefit. By using a multimodal imaging approach, this pilot study also provides
novel insights into the neurobiological basis of cognitive impairment on the
human brain that has been induced by cancer and/or its treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingchun Zeng
- 1 The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, SAR, China.,2 The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Andy S K Cheng
- 1 The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Ting Song
- 2 The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiujie Sheng
- 2 The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaojing Wang
- 2 The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianfei Xie
- 3 The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
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33
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Rendeiro C, Rhodes JS. A new perspective of the hippocampus in the origin of exercise-brain interactions. Brain Struct Funct 2018; 223:2527-2545. [PMID: 29671055 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-018-1665-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Exercising regularly is a highly effective strategy for maintaining cognitive health throughout the lifespan. Over the last 20 years, many molecular, physiological and structural changes have been documented in response to aerobic exercise training in humans and animals, particularly in the hippocampus. However, how exercise produces such neurological changes remains elusive. A recent line of investigation has suggested that muscle-derived circulating factors cross into the brain and may be the key agents driving enhancement in synaptic plasticity and hippocampal neurogenesis from aerobic exercise. Alternatively, or concurrently, the signals might originate from within the brain itself. Physical activity also produces instantaneous and robust neuronal activation of the hippocampal formation and the generation of theta oscillations which are closely correlated with the force of movements. The repeated acute activation of the hippocampus during physical movement is likely critical for inducing the long-term neuroadaptations from exercise. Here we review the evidence which establishes the association between physical movement and hippocampal neuronal activation and discuss implications for long-term benefits of physical activity on brain function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Rendeiro
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 405 North Mathews Ave, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.,School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Justin S Rhodes
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 405 North Mathews Ave, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA. .,Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, USA.
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34
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Kilias A, Häussler U, Heining K, Froriep UP, Haas CA, Egert U. Theta frequency decreases throughout the hippocampal formation in a focal epilepsy model. Hippocampus 2018; 28:375-391. [DOI: 10.1002/hipo.22838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Revised: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Antje Kilias
- Department of Microsystems Engineering - IMTEK, Biomicrotechnology, Faculty of Engineering; University of Freiburg; 79110 Freiburg Germany
- Bernstein Center Freiburg; University of Freiburg; 79104 Freiburg Germany
- Faculty of Biology; University of Freiburg; 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Ute Häussler
- Experimental Epilepsy Research, Department of Neurosurgery; Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg; 79106 Freiburg Germany
- BrainLinks-BrainTools Cluster of Excellence; University of Freiburg; 79110 Freiburg Germany
| | - Katharina Heining
- Department of Microsystems Engineering - IMTEK, Biomicrotechnology, Faculty of Engineering; University of Freiburg; 79110 Freiburg Germany
- Bernstein Center Freiburg; University of Freiburg; 79104 Freiburg Germany
- Faculty of Biology; University of Freiburg; 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Ulrich P. Froriep
- Department of Microsystems Engineering - IMTEK, Biomicrotechnology, Faculty of Engineering; University of Freiburg; 79110 Freiburg Germany
- Bernstein Center Freiburg; University of Freiburg; 79104 Freiburg Germany
- Faculty of Biology; University of Freiburg; 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Carola A. Haas
- Bernstein Center Freiburg; University of Freiburg; 79104 Freiburg Germany
- Experimental Epilepsy Research, Department of Neurosurgery; Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg; 79106 Freiburg Germany
- BrainLinks-BrainTools Cluster of Excellence; University of Freiburg; 79110 Freiburg Germany
| | - Ulrich Egert
- Department of Microsystems Engineering - IMTEK, Biomicrotechnology, Faculty of Engineering; University of Freiburg; 79110 Freiburg Germany
- Bernstein Center Freiburg; University of Freiburg; 79104 Freiburg Germany
- BrainLinks-BrainTools Cluster of Excellence; University of Freiburg; 79110 Freiburg Germany
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35
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Hinman JR, Dannenberg H, Alexander AS, Hasselmo ME. Neural mechanisms of navigation involving interactions of cortical and subcortical structures. J Neurophysiol 2018; 119:2007-2029. [PMID: 29442559 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00498.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Animals must perform spatial navigation for a range of different behaviors, including selection of trajectories toward goal locations and foraging for food sources. To serve this function, a number of different brain regions play a role in coding different dimensions of sensory input important for spatial behavior, including the entorhinal cortex, the retrosplenial cortex, the hippocampus, and the medial septum. This article will review data concerning the coding of the spatial aspects of animal behavior, including location of the animal within an environment, the speed of movement, the trajectory of movement, the direction of the head in the environment, and the position of barriers and objects both relative to the animal's head direction (egocentric) and relative to the layout of the environment (allocentric). The mechanisms for coding these important spatial representations are not yet fully understood but could involve mechanisms including integration of self-motion information or coding of location based on the angle of sensory features in the environment. We will review available data and theories about the mechanisms for coding of spatial representations. The computation of different aspects of spatial representation from available sensory input requires complex cortical processing mechanisms for transformation from egocentric to allocentric coordinates that will only be understood through a combination of neurophysiological studies and computational modeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- James R Hinman
- Center for Systems Neuroscience, Boston University , Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Holger Dannenberg
- Center for Systems Neuroscience, Boston University , Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Andrew S Alexander
- Center for Systems Neuroscience, Boston University , Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Michael E Hasselmo
- Center for Systems Neuroscience, Boston University , Boston, Massachusetts
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36
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Dietrich J, Baryawno N, Nayyar N, Valtis YK, Yang B, Ly I, Besnard A, Severe N, Gustafsson KU, Andronesi OC, Batchelor TT, Sahay A, Scadden DT. Bone marrow drives central nervous system regeneration after radiation injury. J Clin Invest 2017; 128:281-293. [PMID: 29202481 DOI: 10.1172/jci90647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Nervous system injury is a frequent result of cancer therapy involving cranial irradiation, leaving patients with marked memory and other neurobehavioral disabilities. Here, we report an unanticipated link between bone marrow and brain in the setting of radiation injury. Specifically, we demonstrate that bone marrow-derived monocytes and macrophages are essential for structural and functional repair mechanisms, including regeneration of cerebral white matter and improvement in neurocognitive function. Using a granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) receptor knockout mouse model in combination with bone marrow cell transplantation, MRI, and neurocognitive functional assessments, we demonstrate that bone marrow-derived G-CSF-responsive cells home to the injured brain and are critical for altering neural progenitor cells and brain repair. Additionally, compared with untreated animals, animals that received G-CSF following radiation injury exhibited enhanced functional brain repair. Together, these results demonstrate that, in addition to its known role in defense and debris removal, the hematopoietic system provides critical regenerative drive to the brain that can be modulated by clinically available agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorg Dietrich
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH), Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.,Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Neurology and Division of Neuro-Oncology, MGH, and
| | - Ninib Baryawno
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH), Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.,Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Naema Nayyar
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH), Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.,Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Yannis K Valtis
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH), Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.,Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Betty Yang
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH), Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ina Ly
- Department of Neurology and Division of Neuro-Oncology, MGH, and
| | - Antoine Besnard
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH), Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Nicolas Severe
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH), Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.,Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Karin U Gustafsson
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH), Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.,Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ovidiu C Andronesi
- Department of Radiology, Athinoula A. Martinos Biomedical Imaging Center, MGH, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Amar Sahay
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH), Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - David T Scadden
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH), Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.,Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
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37
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Patterson KP, Barry JM, Curran MM, Singh-Taylor A, Brennan G, Rismanchi N, Page M, Noam Y, Holmes GL, Baram TZ. Enduring Memory Impairments Provoked by Developmental Febrile Seizures Are Mediated by Functional and Structural Effects of Neuronal Restrictive Silencing Factor. J Neurosci 2017; 37:3799-3812. [PMID: 28275159 PMCID: PMC5394897 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.3748-16.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Revised: 02/25/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In a subset of children experiencing prolonged febrile seizures (FSs), the most common type of childhood seizures, cognitive outcomes are compromised. However, the underlying mechanisms are unknown. Here we identified significant, enduring spatial memory problems in male rats following experimental prolonged FS (febrile status epilepticus; eFSE). Remarkably, these deficits were abolished by transient, post hoc interference with the chromatin binding of the transcriptional repressor neuron restrictive silencing factor (NRSF or REST). This transcriptional regulator is known to contribute to neuronal differentiation during development and to programmed gene expression in mature neurons. The mechanisms of the eFSE-provoked memory problems involved complex disruption of memory-related hippocampal oscillations recorded from CA1, likely resulting in part from impairments of dendritic filtering of cortical inputs as well as abnormal synaptic function. Accordingly, eFSE provoked region-specific dendritic loss in the hippocampus, and aberrant generation of excitatory synapses in dentate gyrus granule cells. Blocking NRSF transiently after eFSE prevented granule cell dysmaturation, restored a functional balance of γ-band network oscillations, and allowed treated eFSE rats to encode and retrieve spatial memories. Together, these studies provide novel insights into developing networks that underlie memory, the mechanisms by which early-life seizures influence them, and the means to abrogate the ensuing cognitive problems.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Whereas seizures have been the central focus of epilepsy research, they are commonly accompanied by cognitive problems, including memory impairments that contribute to poor quality of life. These deficits often arise before the onset of spontaneous seizures, or independent from them, yet the mechanisms involved are unclear. Here, using a rodent model of common developmental seizures that provoke epilepsy in a subset of individuals, we identify serious consequent memory problems. We uncover molecular, cellular, and circuit-level mechanisms that underlie these deficits and successfully abolish them by targeted therapeutic interventions. These findings may be important for understanding and preventing cognitive problems in individuals suffering long febrile seizures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jeremy M Barry
- Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont 05405
| | | | | | - Gary Brennan
- Departments of Anatomy/Neurobiology
- Pediatrics, and
| | | | - Matias Page
- Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont 05405
| | | | - Gregory L Holmes
- Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont 05405
| | - Tallie Z Baram
- Departments of Anatomy/Neurobiology,
- Pediatrics, and
- Neurology, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, California 92697-4475, and
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38
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Cheng H, Li W, Gong L, Xuan H, Huang Z, Zhao H, Wang LS, Wang K. Altered resting-state hippocampal functional networks associated with chemotherapy-induced prospective memory impairment in breast cancer survivors. Sci Rep 2017; 7:45135. [PMID: 28327626 PMCID: PMC5361087 DOI: 10.1038/srep45135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we aimed to investigate the intrinsic hippocampal functional connectivity (FC) network and its relationship with prospective memory in patients with breast cancer suffering from chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment (CICI). Thirty-four breast cancer patients before and after adjuvant chemotherapy (CB and CC, respectively) and 31 age- and education-matched cognitively normal (CN) women were recruited and subjected to a prospective memory task and a resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scan. Seed-based functional connectivity analysis was used to compare the hippocampal FC networks between CC and CN groups. Partial correction analysis was used to examine the association between the hippocampal FC network and prospective memory in the CC group. The cancer group that underwent chemotherapy obtained significantly poorer scores than the CN group on mini-mental state examination, verbal fluency test, digit span, and prospective memory examination. Compared to the CN group, CC group showed increased hippocampal connectivity in the frontal and parietal cortex, precuneus, posterior cingulate cortex, and the cerebellum. In addition, the increasing hippocampal FC networks were negatively correlated with prospective memory performance in the CC group. These findings suggest maladaptive hippocampal functioning as a mechanism underlying the impairment of prospective memory in patients experiencing CICI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaidong Cheng
- Department of Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| | - Wen Li
- Department of Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| | - Liang Gong
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Han Xuan
- Department of Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| | - Zhonglian Huang
- Department of Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| | - Hong Zhao
- Department of Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| | - Long Sheng Wang
- Department of Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Neuropsychiatric Disorders and Mental Health, Neuropsychological Laboratory, Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China
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39
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Gutiérrez-Guzmán BE, Hernández-Pérez JJ, Olvera-Cortés ME. Serotonergic modulation of septo-hippocampal and septo-mammillary theta activity during spatial learning, in the rat. Behav Brain Res 2017; 319:73-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2016.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Revised: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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40
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Blumberg BJ, Flynn SP, Barriere SJ, Mouchati PR, Scott RC, Holmes GL, Barry JM. Efficacy of nonselective optogenetic control of the medial septum over hippocampal oscillations: the influence of speed and implications for cognitive enhancement. Physiol Rep 2016; 4:e13048. [PMID: 27923975 PMCID: PMC5357822 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.13048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Revised: 10/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Optogenetics holds great promise for both the dissection of neural circuits and the evaluation of theories centered on the temporal organizing properties of oscillations that underpin cognition. To date, no studies have examined the efficacy of optogenetic stimulation for altering hippocampal oscillations in freely moving wild-type rats, or how these alterations would affect performance on behavioral tasks. Here, we used an AAV virus to express ChR2 in the medial septum (MS) of wild-type rats, and optically stimulated septal neurons at 6 Hz and 30 Hz. We measured the corresponding effects of these stimulations on the oscillations of the MS and hippocampal subfields CA1 and CA3 in three different contexts: (1) With minimal movement while the rats sat in a confined chamber; (2) Explored a novel open field; and (3) Learned and performed a T-maze behavioral task. While control yellow light stimulation did not affect oscillations, 6-Hz blue light septal stimulations altered hippocampal theta oscillations in a manner that depended on the animal's mobility and speed. While the 30 Hz blue light septal stimulations only altered theta frequency in CA1 while the rat had limited mobility, it robustly increased the amplitude of hippocampal signals at 30 Hz in both regions in all three recording contexts. We found that animals were more likely to make a correct choice during Day 1 of T-maze training during both MS stimulation protocols than during control stimulation, and that improved performance was independent of theta frequency alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin J Blumberg
- Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Sean P Flynn
- Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Sylvain J Barriere
- Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Philippe R Mouchati
- Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Rod C Scott
- Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Gregory L Holmes
- Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Jeremy M Barry
- Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont
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41
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Theta Rhythmic Clock-Like Activity of Single Units in the Mouse Hippocampus. J Neurosci 2016; 36:4415-20. [PMID: 27098686 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.3851-15.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Theta rhythmic clock-like activity was observed in a small group of hippocampal CA1 neurons in freely behaving mice. These neurons were only persistently activated during theta states of waking exploration and rapid eye movement sleep, but were almost silent during the non-theta state of slow-wave sleep. Interestingly, these cells displayed a theta clock-like simple-spike firing pattern, and were capable of firing one spike per theta cycle during theta states. This is the first report of a unique class of hippocampal neurons with a clock-like firing pattern at the theta rhythm. We speculate that these cells may act as a temporal reference to participate in the theta-related temporal coding in the hippocampus. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Theta oscillations, as the predominant rhythms in the hippocampus during waking exploration and rapid eye movement sleep, may be critical for temporal coding/decoding of neuronal information, and theta-phase precession in hippocampal place cells is one of the best demonstrations of such temporal coding. Here, we show that a unique small class of hippocampal CA1 neurons fired with a theta rhythmic clock-like firing pattern during theta states. These firing characteristics support the notion that these neurons may play a critical role in theta-related temporal coding in the hippocampus.
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42
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Barry JM, Sakkaki S, Barriere SJ, Patterson KP, Lenck-Santini PP, Scott RC, Baram TZ, Holmes GL. Temporal Coordination of Hippocampal Neurons Reflects Cognitive Outcome Post-febrile Status Epilepticus. EBioMedicine 2016; 7:175-90. [PMID: 27322471 PMCID: PMC4909381 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2016.03.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Revised: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The coordination of dynamic neural activity within and between neural networks is believed to underlie normal cognitive processes. Conversely, cognitive deficits that occur following neurological insults may result from network discoordination. We hypothesized that cognitive outcome following febrile status epilepticus (FSE) depends on network efficacy within and between fields CA1 and CA3 to dynamically organize cell activity by theta phase. Control and FSE rats were trained to forage or perform an active avoidance spatial task. FSE rats were sorted by those that were able to reach task criterion (FSE-L) and those that could not (FSE-NL). FSE-NL CA1 place cells did not exhibit phase preference in either context and exhibited poor cross-theta interaction between CA1 and CA3. FSE-L and control CA1 place cells exhibited phase preference at peak theta that shifted during active avoidance to the same static phase preference observed in CA3. Temporal coordination of neuronal activity by theta phase may therefore explain variability in cognitive outcome following neurological insults in early development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy M Barry
- Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont, United States.
| | - Sophie Sakkaki
- Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont, United States
| | - Sylvain J Barriere
- Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont, United States
| | - Katelin P Patterson
- Departments of Anatomy/Neurobiology and Pediatrics, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, California, United States
| | | | - Rod C Scott
- Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont, United States; Department of Neurology, University College London, Institute of Child Health, United Kingdom
| | - Tallie Z Baram
- Departments of Anatomy/Neurobiology and Pediatrics, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, California, United States
| | - Gregory L Holmes
- Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont, United States
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43
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Bender AC, Luikart BW, Lenck-Santini PP. Cognitive Deficits Associated with Nav1.1 Alterations: Involvement of Neuronal Firing Dynamics and Oscillations. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0151538. [PMID: 26978272 PMCID: PMC4792481 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0151538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2016] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain oscillations play a critical role in information processing and may, therefore, be essential to uncovering the mechanisms of cognitive impairment in neurological disease. In Dravet syndrome (DS), a mutation in SCN1A, coding for the voltage-gated sodium channel Nav1.1, is associated with severe cognitive impairment and seizures. While seizure frequency and severity do not correlate with the extent of impairment, the slowing of brain rhythms may be involved. Here we investigate the role of Nav1.1 on brain rhythms and cognition using RNA interference. We demonstrate that knockdown of Nav1.1 impairs fast- and burst-firing properties of neurons in the medial septum in vivo. The proportion of neurons that fired phase-locked to hippocampal theta oscillations was reduced, and medial septal regulation of theta rhythm was disrupted. During a working memory task, this deficit was characterized by a decrease in theta frequency and was negatively correlated with performance. These findings suggest a fundamental role for Nav1.1 in facilitating fast-firing properties in neurons, highlight the importance of precise temporal control of theta frequency for working memory, and imply that Nav1.1 deficits may disrupt information processing in DS via a dysregulation of brain rhythms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex C. Bender
- Department of Neurology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, United States of America
| | - Bryan W. Luikart
- Department of Physiology & Neurobiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, United States of America
| | - Pierre-Pascal Lenck-Santini
- Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States of America
- Institut de Neurobiologie de la Méditerranée, INSERM, Marseille, France
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44
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Sosa M, Gillespie AK, Frank LM. Neural Activity Patterns Underlying Spatial Coding in the Hippocampus. Curr Top Behav Neurosci 2016; 37:43-100. [PMID: 27885550 DOI: 10.1007/7854_2016_462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The hippocampus is well known as a central site for memory processing-critical for storing and later retrieving the experiences events of daily life so they can be used to shape future behavior. Much of what we know about the physiology underlying hippocampal function comes from spatial navigation studies in rodents, which have allowed great strides in understanding how the hippocampus represents experience at the cellular level. However, it remains a challenge to reconcile our knowledge of spatial encoding in the hippocampus with its demonstrated role in memory-dependent tasks in both humans and other animals. Moreover, our understanding of how networks of neurons coordinate their activity within and across hippocampal subregions to enable the encoding, consolidation, and retrieval of memories is incomplete. In this chapter, we explore how information may be represented at the cellular level and processed via coordinated patterns of activity throughout the subregions of the hippocampal network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marielena Sosa
- Kavli Institute for Fundamental Neuroscience and Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, USA
| | | | - Loren M Frank
- Kavli Institute for Fundamental Neuroscience and Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, USA. .,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Maryland, USA.
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45
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Abstract
The challenges to individuals with epilepsy extend far beyond the seizures. Co-morbidities in epilepsy are very common and are often more problematic to individuals than the seizures themselves. In this review, the pathophysiological mechanisms of cognitive impairment are discussed. While aetiology of the epilepsy has a significant influence on cognition, there is increasing evidence that prolonged or recurrent seizures can cause or exacerbate cognitive impairment. Alterations in signalling pathways and neuronal network function play a major role in both the pathophysiology of epilepsy and the epilepsy comorbidities. However, the biological underpinnings of cognitive impairment can be distinct from the pathophysiological processes that cause seizures.
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46
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Winter SS, Mehlman ML, Clark BJ, Taube JS. Passive Transport Disrupts Grid Signals in the Parahippocampal Cortex. Curr Biol 2015; 25:2493-502. [PMID: 26387719 PMCID: PMC4596791 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2015.08.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2015] [Revised: 07/15/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Navigation is usually thought of relative to landmarks, but neural signals representing space also use information generated by an animal's movements. These signals include grid cells, which fire at multiple locations, forming a repeating grid pattern. Grid cell generation depends upon theta rhythm, a 6-10 Hz electroencephalogram (EEG) oscillation that is modulated by the animals' movement velocity. We passively moved rats in a clear cart to eliminate motor related self-movement cues that drive moment-to-moment changes in theta rhythmicity. We found that passive movement maintained theta power and frequency at levels equivalent to low active movement velocity, spared overall head-direction (HD) cell characteristics, but abolished both velocity modulation of theta rhythmicity and grid cell firing patterns. These results indicate that self-movement motor cues are necessary for generating grid-specific firing patterns, possibly by driving velocity modulation of theta rhythmicity, which may be used as a speed signal to generate the repeating pattern of grid cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shawn S Winter
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA.
| | - Max L Mehlman
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
| | - Benjamin J Clark
- Department of Psychology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Jeffrey S Taube
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA.
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47
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Lenck-Santini PP, Scott RC. Mechanisms Responsible for Cognitive Impairment in Epilepsy. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2015; 5:cshperspect.a022772. [PMID: 26337111 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a022772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Epilepsy is often associated with cognitive and behavioral impairments that can have profound impact on the quality of life of patients. Although the mechanisms of cognitive impairment are not completely understood, we make an attempt to describe, from a systems perspective, how information processing is affected in epilepsy disorders. The aim of this review is to (1) define the nature of cognitive deficits associated with epilepsy, (2) review fundamental systems-level mechanisms underlying information processing, and (3) describe how information processing is dysfunctional in epilepsy and investigate the relative contributions of etiology, seizures, and interictal discharges (IDs). We conclude that these mechanisms are likely to be important and deserve more detailed scrutiny in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rodney C Scott
- Institute of Child Health, University College of London, London WC1N 3JH, United Kingdom
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48
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Status Epilepticus Induced Spontaneous Dentate Gyrus Spikes: In Vivo Current Source Density Analysis. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0132630. [PMID: 26148195 PMCID: PMC4492740 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0132630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2015] [Accepted: 06/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The dentate gyrus is considered to function as an inhibitory gate limiting excitatory input to the hippocampus. Following status epilepticus (SE), this gating function is reduced and granule cells become hyper-excitable. Dentate spikes (DS) are large amplitude potentials observed in the dentate gyrus (DG) of normal animals. DS are associated with membrane depolarization of granule cells, increased activity of hilar interneurons and suppression of CA3 and CA1 pyramidal cell firing. Therefore, DS could act as an anti-excitatory mechanism. Because of the altered gating function of the dentate gyrus following SE, we sought to investigate how DS are affected following pilocarpine-induced SE. Two weeks following lithium-pilocarpine SE induction, hippocampal EEG was recorded in male Sprague-Dawley rats with 16-channel silicon probes under urethane anesthesia. Probes were placed dorso-ventrally to encompass either CA1-CA3 or CA1-DG layers. Large amplitude spikes were detected from EEG recordings and subject to current source density analysis. Probe placement was verified histologically to evaluate the anatomical localization of current sinks and the origin of DS. In 9 of 11 pilocarpine-treated animals and two controls, DS were confirmed with large current sinks in the molecular layer of the dentate gyrus. DS frequency was significantly increased in pilocarpine-treated animals compared to controls. Additionally, in pilocarpine-treated animals, DS displayed current sinks in the outer, middle and/or inner molecular layers. However, there was no difference in the frequency of events when comparing between layers. This suggests that following SE, DS can be generated by input from medial and lateral entorhinal cortex, or within the dentate gyrus. DS were associated with an increase in multiunit activity in the granule cell layer, but no change in CA1. These results suggest that following SE there is an increase in DS activity, potentially arising from hyperexcitability along the hippocampal-entorhinal pathway or within the dentate gyrus itself.
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49
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A critical appraisal of the what-where-when episodic-like memory test in rodents: Achievements, caveats and future directions. Prog Neurobiol 2015; 130:71-85. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2015.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2014] [Revised: 04/07/2015] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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50
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Dietrich J, Prust M, Kaiser J. Chemotherapy, cognitive impairment and hippocampal toxicity. Neuroscience 2015; 309:224-32. [PMID: 26086545 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2015] [Revised: 05/23/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cancer therapies can be associated with significant central nervous system (CNS) toxicity. While radiation-induced brain damage has been long recognized both in pediatric and adult cancer patients, CNS toxicity from chemotherapy has only recently been acknowledged. Clinical studies suggest that the most frequent neurotoxic adverse effects associated with chemotherapy include memory and learning deficits, alterations of attention, concentration, processing speed and executive function. Preclinical studies have started to shed light on how chemotherapy targets the CNS both on cellular and molecular levels to disrupt neural function and brain plasticity. Potential mechanisms include direct cellular toxicity, alterations in cellular metabolism, oxidative stress, and induction of pro-inflammatory processes with subsequent disruption of normal cellular and neurological function. Damage to neural progenitor cell populations within germinal zones of the adult CNS has been identified as one of the key mechanisms by which chemotherapy might exert long-lasting and progressive neurotoxic effects. Based on the important role of the hippocampus for maintenance of brain plasticity throughout life, several experimental studies have focused on the study of chemotherapy effects on hippocampal neurogenesis and associated learning and memory. An increasing body of literature from both animal studies and neuroimaging studies in cancer patients suggests a possible relationship between chemotherapy induced hippocampal damage and the spectrum of neurocognitive deficits and mood alterations observed in cancer patients. This review aims to briefly summarize current preclinical and neuroimaging studies that are providing a potential link between the neurotoxic effects of chemotherapy and hippocampal dysfunction, highlighting challenges and future directions in this field of investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Dietrich
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - M Prust
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - J Kaiser
- Institute of Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty, Goethe University, Heinrich-Hoffmann-Str. 10, 60528 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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