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Cooper DJ, Eckstein J, Sidiqi B, Rana ZH, Matarangas A, Shah A, Chacko N, Mancuso J, Minutoli T, Zinkin A, Sharma K, Mehta R, Potters L, Parashar B. Trait Mindfulness and Social Support Predict Lower Perceived Stress Burden in Patients Undergoing Radiation Therapy. Adv Radiat Oncol 2024; 9:101546. [PMID: 39035172 PMCID: PMC11259697 DOI: 10.1016/j.adro.2024.101546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Cancer diagnosis and treatment, including radiation therapy (RT), cause significant patient stress. Mindfulness and social support have been shown to help manage the psychological effects of cancer treatment. The objective of our study was to determine the sociodemographic and clinical factors associated with stress burden in patients receiving RT. Methods and Materials Patients receiving RT for cancer at a single institution were given a 3-section survey to complete during the first on-treatment visit. The survey included the Perceived Stress Scale, Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey, and Mindfulness Attention Awareness Scale, which were used to measure stress, social support, and trait mindfulness, respectively. Linear regression analysis was performed to determine associations between perceived stress and age, patient sex, race and ethnicity, treatment intent, disease site, trait mindfulness, and social support. Factors significant in univariable analysis were analyzed with a multivariable analysis. Results A total of 93 patients undergoing RT at a tertiary care academic institution were recruited from July to September 2019. Median scores for Perceived Stress Scale, Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey, and Mindfulness Attention Awareness Scale were 14.6 (range, 0-31; SD, 6.9), 4.2 (range, 1-5; SD, 1.0), and 5.1 (range, 3.1-6.0; SD, 0.8), respectively. On univariable analysis, mindfulness and social support were associated with decreased stress burden, and female sex and palliative intent were associated with increased stress burden. These factors all maintained significance in multivariable analysis. Conclusions These results suggest measures to improve mindfulness and perceived social support, such as mindfulness meditation and psychoeducational approaches, may lessen the stress burden and improve quality of life for patients undergoing RT. Future studies should analyze the longitudinal impact of individual patient characteristics, including patient sex and treatment intent, to better understand their effects on psychological maladjustment during cancer care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan J. Cooper
- Northwell, New Hyde Park, New York
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Northwell Health Cancer Institute, New Hyde Park, New York
- Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell Health, Hempstead, New York
| | - Jacob Eckstein
- Northwell, New Hyde Park, New York
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Northwell Health Cancer Institute, New Hyde Park, New York
| | - Baho Sidiqi
- Northwell, New Hyde Park, New York
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Northwell Health Cancer Institute, New Hyde Park, New York
| | - Zaker H. Rana
- Northwell, New Hyde Park, New York
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Northwell Health Cancer Institute, New Hyde Park, New York
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Louis Potters
- Northwell, New Hyde Park, New York
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Northwell Health Cancer Institute, New Hyde Park, New York
- Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell Health, Hempstead, New York
| | - Bhupesh Parashar
- Northwell, New Hyde Park, New York
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Northwell Health Cancer Institute, New Hyde Park, New York
- Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell Health, Hempstead, New York
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2
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Reznik E, Torjani A. Mechanisms of stress-attributed breast cancer incidence and progression. Cancer Causes Control 2024:10.1007/s10552-024-01884-2. [PMID: 39012513 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-024-01884-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer and the second leading cause of cancer deaths in women, with psychosocial stress commonly cited by patients as one of its causes. While there is conflicting epidemiological evidence investigating the association between psychosocial stress and breast cancer incidence and progression, there is reason to believe that interventions aimed at reducing stress pharmacologically or psychologically may improve breast cancer outcomes. The aim of this review is to discuss the molecular and biological mechanisms of stress-attributed breast cancer incidence and progression, including the induction of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and the sympathetic nervous system (SNS), as well as decreased immune function and stress hormone-induced resistance to chemotherapy. Moreover, these mechanisms have been cited as potential therapeutic targets of pharmacologic and psychological interventions that may improve the care, well-being and survival of breast cancer patients. Further research is recommended to investigate whether interventions in the primary care setting for women with risk factors for breast cancer development may lead to a decreased incidence of invasive breast tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Reznik
- Department of Internal Medicine, NewYork-Presbyterian Weill Cornell, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Ava Torjani
- Department of Ophthalmology, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Silva D, Quintas C, Gonçalves J, Fresco P. β 2-Adrenoceptor Activation Favor Acquisition of Tumorigenic Properties in Non-Tumorigenic MCF-10A Breast Epithelial Cells. Cells 2024; 13:262. [PMID: 38334654 PMCID: PMC10854540 DOI: 10.3390/cells13030262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Noradrenaline and adrenaline, and their cognate receptors, are currently accepted to participate in cancer progression. They may also participate in cancer initiation, although their role in this phase is much less explored. The aim of this work was to study the influence of adrenergic stimulation in several processes related to breast cancer carcinogenesis, using several adrenergic agonists in the MCF-10A non-tumorigenic breast cells. Activation of the β-adrenoceptors promoted an epithelial phenotype in MCF-10A cells, revealed by an increased expression of the epithelial marker E-cadherin and a decrease in the mesenchymal markers, N-cadherin and vimentin. MCF-10A cell motility and migration were also impaired after the β-adrenoceptors activation. Concomitant with this effect, β-adrenoceptors decrease cell protrusions (lamellipodia and filopodia) while increasing cell adhesion. Activation of the β-adrenoceptors also decreases MCF-10A cell proliferation. When the MCF-10A cells were cultured under low attachment conditions, activation the of β- (likely β2) or of α2-adrenoceptors had protective effects against cell death, suggesting a pro-survival role of these adrenoceptors. Overall, our results showed that, in breast cells, adrenoceptor activation (mainly through β-adrenoceptors) may be a risk factor in breast cancer by inducing some cancer hallmarks, providing a mechanistic explanation for the increase in breast cancer incidences that may be associated with conditions that cause massive adrenergic stimulation, such as stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dany Silva
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (D.S.); (C.Q.); (P.F.)
- UCIBIO—Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Associate Laboratory i4HB, Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Clara Quintas
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (D.S.); (C.Q.); (P.F.)
- UCIBIO—Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Associate Laboratory i4HB, Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Jorge Gonçalves
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (D.S.); (C.Q.); (P.F.)
- UCIBIO—Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Associate Laboratory i4HB, Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Paula Fresco
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (D.S.); (C.Q.); (P.F.)
- UCIBIO—Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Associate Laboratory i4HB, Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
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4
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Guan Y, Shen J, Lu J, Fuemmeler BF, Shock LS, Zhao H. Association between allostatic load and breast cancer risk: a cohort study. Breast Cancer Res 2023; 25:155. [PMID: 38115125 PMCID: PMC10729373 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-023-01754-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Allostatic load (AL) reflects the collective load of chronic stress during lifetime. Previous studies have shown that higher AL is associated with poor clinical outcomes among breast cancer patients. However, the relationship between AL and breast cancer risk is still unclear. METHODS To fill the gap, we analyzed the association between AL and the development of breast cancer in 181,455 women identified from the UK Biobank. RESULTS During the follow-up from 2006 to 2020, 5,701 women were diagnosed with incident breast cancer. Significantly higher AL was observed among incident breast cancer cases than all study participants (mean: 2.77 vs. 2.63, P < 0.01). Univariate Cox regression analysis indicated the risk of breast cancer was increased by 5% per one AL unit increase (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.05, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.04, 1.07). In multivariate analyses, after adjusting demographics, family history of breast cancer, reproductive factors, socioeconomic status, lifestyle factors, and breast cancer polygenic risk score (PRS), the significant association remained (HR = 1.05, 95%CI 1.03, 1.07). The significant relationship was further confirmed in the categorical analysis. Compared with women in the low AL group (AL: 0 ~ 2), those in the high AL group (AL: 3 ~ 11) had a 1.17-fold increased risk of breast cancer (HR = 1.17, 95%CI 1.11, 1.24). Finally, in the stratified analysis, joint effects on the risk of breast cancer were observed between the AL and selected known breast cancer risk factors, including age, family history of breast cancer, PRS, income, physical activity, and alcohol consumption. CONCLUSION In summary, those findings have demonstrated that higher AL was associated with an increased breast cancer risk in women. This association is likely independent of known breast cancer risk factors. Thus, the AL could be a valuable biomarker to help breast cancer risk prediction and stratification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufan Guan
- Departments of Family Medicine and Population Health, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23284, USA
| | - Jie Shen
- Department of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22903, USA
| | - Juan Lu
- Departments of Family Medicine and Population Health, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23284, USA
| | - Bernard F Fuemmeler
- Departments of Family Medicine and Population Health, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23284, USA
| | - Lisa S Shock
- Departments of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23284, USA
| | - Hua Zhao
- Department of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22903, USA.
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Mészáros Crow E, López-Gigosos R, Mariscal-López E, Agredano-Sanchez M, García-Casares N, Mariscal A, Gutiérrez-Bedmar M. Psychosocial interventions reduce cortisol in breast cancer patients: systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1148805. [PMID: 37441329 PMCID: PMC10333719 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1148805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Cancer initiation, progression and recurrence are intricate mechanisms that depend on various components: genetic, psychophysiological, or environmental. Exposure to chronic stress includes fear of recurrence that can affect biological processes that regulate immune and endocrine systems, increase cancer risk, and influence the survival rate. Previous studies show that psychological interventions might influence the level of cortisol that has been extensively used as a biomarker for measuring hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis functioning and body's immunity response. This meta-analysis aimed to provide a quantitative scrutiny of the effect of certain types of psychosocial interventions on cortisol as a neuroendocrine biomarker in saliva or blood and might predict breast cancer (BC) progression. Methods A literature search was performed in the following databases: PubMed, The Cohrane Library, Scopus, WOS, PsychInfo, Google Scholar, Ovid Science Direct. After methodical selection of originally generated 2.021 studies, the search yielded eight articles that met inclusion criteria. All these studies explored effects of psychosocial interventions that measured cortisol in total of 366 participants with BC, stages 0-IV, in randomized control trial or quasi experimental study design setting. We applied random effects model to conduct meta-analyses on the parameters of salivary and plasma cortisol and used PRISMA Guidelines as validated methodology of investigation to report the results. Results Eight studies selected for meta-analysis have shown the reduction of cortisol level due to applied psychosocial intervention. The random effects model showed that interventions produced large effect sizes in reductions of cortisol in blood (Cohen's d = -1.82, 95% Confidence Interval (CI): -3.03, -0.60) and slightly less in saliva (d = -1.73, 95%CI: -2.68, -0.78) with an overall effect of d = -1.76 (95%CI: -2.46, -1.07). Conclusion Our study concluded that certain types of psychosocial interventions reduce cortisol (indicator of chronic stress) in patients with BC. Application of specific psychosocial support as adjuvant non-invasive therapy for affected females with BC at all phases of treatment could contribute to more cost-effective health care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edith Mészáros Crow
- Department of Public Health and Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Rosa López-Gigosos
- Department of Public Health and Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute of Málaga-IBIMA, Málaga, Spain
| | - Eloisa Mariscal-López
- Department of Public Health and Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Marina Agredano-Sanchez
- Department of Public Health and Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Natalia García-Casares
- Biomedical Research Institute of Málaga-IBIMA, Málaga, Spain
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- Centro de Investigaciones Medico-Sanitarias (C.I.M.E.S), Málaga, Spain
| | - Alberto Mariscal
- Department of Public Health and Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute of Málaga-IBIMA, Málaga, Spain
| | - Mario Gutiérrez-Bedmar
- Department of Public Health and Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute of Málaga-IBIMA, Málaga, Spain
- CIBERCV Cardiovascular Diseases, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
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6
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Zapata I, Eyre AW, Alvarez CE. Psychological Stress Is Associated with Increased Cancer Risk in Dogs. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:1869. [PMID: 37889770 PMCID: PMC10251977 DOI: 10.3390/ani13111869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Although there is evidence that psychological stress may be associated with increased cancer risk, the effect of stress on cancer risk is difficult to study, both in humans, due to socioeconomic factors, and in animal models, due to questionable biological relevance. Here, we test whether heritable canine temperament that increases psychological stress is associated with cancer risk. The study data are breed-specific averages of incidences of multiple cancer types and of temperament classes. The latter are derived from a latent class analysis of behavioral questionnaires completed by owners (C-BARQ). We thus classified the dogs according to whether they are calm vs. reactive within and across breeds. Using meta-analysis approaches, we modeled the risk of multiple cancer types in calm vs. reactive dogs. We adjusted for breed averages of body mass and lifespan, which are common confounders that impact cancer. Our study confirms that body size has a significant effect of on risk of multiple types of cancers in dogs and shows for the first time that temperament also has a moderate effect. These findings suggest dog models of heritable psychological stress are suitable for molecular epidemiological and translational studies on its effects on cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isain Zapata
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Rocky Vista University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Englewood, CO 80112, USA
| | | | - Carlos E Alvarez
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, The Ohio State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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7
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Lawrence WR, McDonald JA, Williams F, Shiels MS, Freedman ND, Lin Z, Magnani JW. Stressful Life Events, Social Support, and Incident Breast Cancer by Estrogen Receptor Status. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2023; 16:259-267. [PMID: 37067915 PMCID: PMC10159918 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-22-0472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
Chronic stress affects immune function and hormonal signaling and has been hypothesized to be associated with breast cancer, although results from the few prior studies are mixed and have not examined potential differences by estrogen receptor (ER) status. Using the Women's Health Initiative study, we included 76,951 postmenopausal women followed for events for a median of 16.7 years to investigate the association between baseline self-reported stressful life events and incident breast cancer by ER status and whether the association was modified by social support. We generated Cox proportional hazards models adjusting for demographic, clinical, lifestyle/behavioral, and social factors to estimate HRs and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). The mean age was 63 (SD, 7.3), and majority of participants were White race (83.5%) and married or in a marriage-like relationship (63.0%). In analyses stratified by ER status, there was no relationship between stressful life events and ER-positive breast cancer. In contrast, compared with women in the lowest quartile, those in higher quartiles had an increased risk of ER-negative breast cancer, where those in quartile 4 had the highest risk (Quartile 4 vs. Quartile 1; HR = 1.30; 95%CI, 1.01-1.68; Ptrend = 0.050). Moreover, associations were stronger for the highest versus lowest quartile of stressful life events among widowed women (HR = 2.39; 95%CI, 1.29-4.44; Pinteraction<0.001). Association between stressful life events and ER-negative breast cancer was not modified by social support. In this cohort of postmenopausal women, higher experiences of prediagnostic stressful life events were associated with increased risk of ER-negative breast cancer. PREVENTION RELEVANCE Epidemiologic studies on the association between psychosocial stress and breast cancer risk remain inconsistent, while investigation of whether the association differs by ER status is limited. In this prospective cohort of postmenopausal women, high experiences of stressful life events were positively associated with ER-negative disease but not ER-positive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wayne R. Lawrence
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Jasmine A. McDonald
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Faustine Williams
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Meredith S. Shiels
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Neal D. Freedman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Ziqiang Lin
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Basic Medicine and Public Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jared W. Magnani
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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Lee DW, Kim H, Lee W, Lee WR, Yoo KB, Choi JH, Lee KE, Yoon JH. Cancer Incidence in Korean Healthcare Workers in Hospitals. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15072045. [PMID: 37046706 PMCID: PMC10093411 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15072045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Healthcare workers in hospitals (HHCWs), a notably increasing workforce, face various occupational hazards. A high incidence of cancer among HHCWs has been observed; however, the cancer incidence status among HHCWs in South Korea is yet to be studied. This study aimed to assess cancer incidence among HHCWs in South Korea. Methods: We constructed a retrospective cohort of HHCWs using National Health Insurance claims data, including cancer incidence status and vital status, from 2007 to 2015. Those who had worked in hospitals for at least three years were defined as HHCWs. Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) for all cancer types and standardized mortality ratios were calculated. Results: A total of 107,646 HHCWs were followed up, and the total follow-up duration was 905,503 person-years. Compared to the total workers, female HHCWs showed significantly higher SIR for all cancers (observed cases = 1480; SIR = 1.25; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.06–1.47). The incidence of breast cancer among female HHCWs was significantly higher compared to that among total workers (observed cases = 376; SIR = 1.21; 95% CI = 1.09–1.36). Conclusions: Our findings indicate that female HHCWs have an elevated probability of developing cancer, which suggests that occupational risk factors such as night-shift work, anti-neoplastic medications, stressful jobs, and ionizing radiation should be assessed. Further investigation and occupational environment improvement activities are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Wook Lee
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Inha University Hospital, Inha University, Incheon 22332, Republic of Korea
- Jungbu Korea Occupational Diseases Surveillance Center, Incheon 22332, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeonjun Kim
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School and Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun-gun 58128, Republic of Korea
| | - Wanhyung Lee
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon 21654, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo-Ri Lee
- Department of Research and Analysis, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang-si 10444, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Bong Yoo
- Division of Health Administration, College of Software and Digital Healthcare Convergence, Yonsei University, Wonju 26426, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Hyeok Choi
- Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute, Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency, Ulsan 44429, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Eun Lee
- Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute, Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency, Ulsan 44429, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Ha Yoon
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
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Oh HS, Seo HJ. Association between WHO First-Step Analgesic Use and Risk of Breast Cancer in Women of Working Age. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:323. [PMID: 37259467 PMCID: PMC9961524 DOI: 10.3390/ph16020323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
We assessed the association between breast cancer and analgesic use in women of a specific working-age group. The Korean National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort database (KNHIS-NSC) data were analyzed. We calculated hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for patients' cancer risk based on whether the women participated in economic activity (PEA or not PEA (NPEA) groups) and analgesic use. Additionally, breast cancer incidence variations by age group, and PEA or NPEAs, health behavior, Charlson Comorbidity Index, and analgesic use were evaluated. The PEA group had a higher cancer risk than the NPEA group (HR = 1.542, 95% CI: 1.345-1.768, p < 0.001). Breast cancer risk was high in the PEA, high income, and no history of exercise groups, but significantly reduced in the regular-use-of-analgesics group. Notably, the working age group of 40~49 years, within the PEA group, had the highest HR of breast cancer development (HR = 1.700, 95% CI = 1.361-2.124, p < 0.001); whereas regular analgesic use in those aged 25~39 years decreased breast cancer risk (HR = 0.611, 95% CI = 0.427-0.875, p < 0.05). In conclusion, our results suggest that individuals at a high-risk of comorbidity may benefit from regular use of analgesics, which may prove to be a useful strategy for breast cancer prevention in the Young-aged group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Sook Oh
- Department of Applied Statistics, School of Social Science, Gachon University, Seongnam-si 13120, Gyeinggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwa Jeong Seo
- Medical Informatics and Health Technology (MiT), Department of Health Care Management, College of Social Science, Gachon University, Seongnam-si 13120, Gyeinggi-do, Republic of Korea
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Stanizzo MR, Castelli L, Di Nardo C, Brunetti M, De Sanctis C, Ghiggia A. Psychological Distress in Breast Cancer Patients during the Italian COVID-19 Pandemic. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:11433. [PMID: 36141706 PMCID: PMC9517421 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191811433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The emergency caused by the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic exacerbated psychological distress. Our aim was to investigate the impact of breast cancer on patients' lives during the Italian lockdown. METHODS Sixty-five female breast cancer patients were studied, assessing the level of psychological distress with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and the impact of the cancer diagnosis (Impact of Event Scale-Revised-IES-R). In addition, we compared these data with a matched group of breast cancer patients enrolled in 2019. RESULTS Patients enrolled in 2020 had statistically higher levels of anxious symptomatology and higher levels of traumatic symptomatology due to the cancer diagnosis. A mediation analysis was performed to determine how the experience of distress due to COVID-19 negatively impacted the level of anxiety and amplified the impact of the diagnosis with a significant increase in traumatic symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Considering the vulnerability of these patients and the serious and novel situation that the healthcare system is currently facing, we would like to point out the importance of structured and organised psychological support for these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Rosa Stanizzo
- Breast Unit, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza, 10126 Turin, Italy
- Clinical Psychology Unit, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Lorys Castelli
- Department of Psychology, University of Turin, 10124 Turin, Italy
| | - Cristina Di Nardo
- Clinical Psychology Unit, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Monica Brunetti
- Breast Unit, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Corrado De Sanctis
- Breast Unit, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Ada Ghiggia
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34128 Trieste, Italy
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11
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Association of Allostatic Load and All Cancer Risk in the SWAN Cohort. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14133044. [PMID: 35804816 PMCID: PMC9264860 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14133044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Elevated chronic stress is thought to increase cancer risk, though the results so far have been inconsistent. In this study, we assessed the relationship between allostatic load (AL), a biological indicator of chronic stress, and overall cancer risk in 3015 women who participated in the Study of Women’s Health Across the Nation (SWAN). Based on the distribution of AL, the study population was categorized into four groups, from the lowest (1st category) to the highest AL group (4th category). At baseline, African American and Hispanic women were more likely to be in the higher AL categories than White women (p < 0.001). In addition, women who smoked regularly, drank alcohol regularly, had no leisure physical activity, and had restless sleep were also more likely to be in the higher AL categories than their relative counterparts (p < 0.001). We also observed that women in the lower-income category with no health insurance were more likely to be in the higher AL category (p < 0.001). The study then found that women in the 4th category of AL (the highest AL group) had a 1.64-fold increased risk of overall cancer (Hazard ratio (HR): 1.64, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.04, 2.59). The risk association was further strengthened after adjusting demographics, healthy behaviors, and socioeconomic factors with an HR of 2.08. In further analysis of individual biomarkers of AL score, we found that higher levels of triglyceride and CRP were associated with increased risk of cancer, highlighting the role of metabolic dysfunction and inflammation in the etiology of cancer development. In summary, we report that higher AL is associated with increased cancer risk.
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12
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Pereira MA, Araújo A, Simões M, Costa C. Influence of Psychological Factors in Breast and Lung Cancer Risk - A Systematic Review. Front Psychol 2022; 12:769394. [PMID: 35046872 PMCID: PMC8762112 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.769394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: In 2020, according to the Global Cancer Observatory, nearly 10 million people died of cancer. Amongst all cancers, breast cancer had the highest number of new cases and lung cancer had the highest number of deaths. Even though the literatures suggest a possible connection between psychological factors and cancer risk, their association throughout studies remains inconclusive. The present systematic review studied the connection between psychological factors and the risk of breast and lung cancer, prior to a cancer diagnosis. The psychological factors of trauma, grief, and depression were studied. Methods: The current systematic review was carried out across multiple databases in two phases, an initial exploratory research in June 2020, refined with a second electronic research in December 2020. The inclusion criteria included studies describing the association between trauma, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), grief, and depression with breast and lung cancer risk. The psychological data collection must have been carried out prior to a confirmed breast or lung cancer diagnosis, and accessed through self-report measures, questionnaires, clinical interviews, or clinical diagnoses. Study reports had to contain information about the incidence of cancer and effect size. The exclusion criteria were studies in which psychological factors were collected after cancer diagnosis. Results and Conclusion: A total of 26 studies were included. Although non-consensual, the findings from the present systematic review suggest that, in addition to the known risk factors, psychological factors may play an important role in the etiology of both breast and lung cancer. To include psychological factors as a variable that affects cancer development may be fundamental to opening new avenues for prevention and intervention. Systematic Review Registration: [www.ClinicalTrials.gov], identifier [CRD42020209161].
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Affiliation(s)
| | - António Araújo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Mário Simões
- Laboratory of Mind-Matter Interaction with Therapeutic Intention, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
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13
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Chang A, Sloan EK, Antoni MH, Knight JM, Telles R, Lutgendorf SK. Biobehavioral Pathways and Cancer Progression: Insights for Improving Well-Being and Cancer Outcomes. Integr Cancer Ther 2022; 21:15347354221096081. [PMID: 35579197 PMCID: PMC9118395 DOI: 10.1177/15347354221096081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The relationship between psychosocial factors and cancer has intrigued people for centuries. In the last several decades there has been an expansion of mechanistic research that has revealed insights regarding how stress activates neuroendocrine stress-response systems to impact cancer progression. Here, we review emerging mechanistic findings on key pathways implicated in the effect of stress on cancer progression, including the cellular immune response, inflammation, angiogenesis, and metastasis, with a primary focus on the mediating role of the sympathetic nervous system. We discuss converging findings from preclinical and clinical cancer research that describe these pathways and research that reveals how these stress pathways may be targeted via pharmacological and mind-body based interventions. While further research is required, the body of work reviewed here highlights the need for and feasibility of an integrated approach to target stress pathways in cancer patients to achieve comprehensive cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aeson Chang
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Drug Discovery Biology, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Erica K. Sloan
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Drug Discovery Biology, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Cousins Center for Psychoneuroimmunology, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Division of Surgery, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Michael H. Antoni
- Departments of Psychology, Psychiatry, and Behavioral Sciences, and Cancer Control Program, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Jennifer M. Knight
- Department of Psychiatry and Cancer Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Rachel Telles
- Departments of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Urology, and Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Susan K. Lutgendorf
- Departments of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Urology, and Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
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14
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Falcinelli M, Thaker PH, Lutgendorf SK, Conzen SD, Flaherty RL, Flint MS. The Role of Psychologic Stress in Cancer Initiation: Clinical Relevance and Potential Molecular Mechanisms. Cancer Res 2021; 81:5131-5140. [PMID: 34266894 PMCID: PMC8530873 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-21-0684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The hypothesis that the physiologic response to psychologic stress influences the initiation of cancer is highly controversial. The link between initiating stressors, the psychologic stress response, and disease is plausible, considering that the stress response is associated with defined physiologic outcomes and molecular mechanisms. In light of this, we review the clinical relevance of psychologic stress on the risk of cancer, and we propose potential molecular pathways that may link the stress response to early stages of malignant cell transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Falcinelli
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Centre for Stress and Age-related Diseases, Moulsecoomb, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Premal H Thaker
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Susan K Lutgendorf
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Suzanne D Conzen
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Renée L Flaherty
- Division of Breast Cancer Research, The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Melanie S Flint
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Centre for Stress and Age-related Diseases, Moulsecoomb, Brighton, United Kingdom.
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15
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Causal Attributions in Breast Cancer Patients Planning to Undergo Adjuvant Endocrine Therapy. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18115931. [PMID: 34073064 PMCID: PMC8198340 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18115931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore causal attributions among Korean breast cancer patients who were planning to undergo adjuvant endocrine therapy (AET) as well as the relationships between patient demographic and clinical characteristics and their causal attributions. Causal attributions were assessed with an open-ended response item, which asked patients to list what they thought were the three most important causal factors of their illness. The relationships between patient characteristics and causal attributions were determined through univariate analysis, and the relationships between causal attributions were obtained using social network analysis. A total of 299 participants provided 707 responses. Stress, diet, and exercise were believed to be the three most likely causes of breast cancer. There were no significant differences between causal attributions and the age, education level, marital status, or cancer stage of patients. However, there were differences in the associations between personality, genetics, and reproductive history and patient-identified causal attributions according to the patients' family history of cancer. Patients with a family history of cancer were more likely to believe that personality and genetics/family history were causes of breast cancer compared to patients without such a history. Therefore, it is necessary to educate patients to perceive stress and lifestyle-related factors as modifiable causal factors in order to have a positive effect on their adherence to AET.
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16
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Genetic Variation and Immunohistochemical Localization of the Glucocorticoid Receptor in Breast Cancer Cases from the Breast Cancer Care in Chicago Cohort. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13102261. [PMID: 34068181 PMCID: PMC8152982 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13102261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glucocorticoid, one of the primary mediators of stress, acts via its receptor, the glucocorticoid receptor (GCR/NR3C1), to regulate a myriad of physiological processes. We measured the genetic variation and protein expression of GCR, and the genes that regulate GCR function or response and examined whether these alterations were associated with breast cancer clinicopathological characteristics. METHOD We used samples from a multiracial cohort of breast cancer patients to assess the association between breast cancer characteristics and the genetic variants of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in GCR/NR3C1, FKBP5, Sgk1, IL-6, ADIPOQ, LEPR, SOD2, CAT, and BCL2. RESULTS Several SNPs were associated with breast cancer characteristics, but statistical significance was lost after adjustment for multiple comparisons. GCR was detected in all normal breast tissues and was predominantly located in the nuclei of the myoepithelial cell layer, whereas the luminal layer was negative for GCR. GCR expression was significantly decreased in all breast cancer tissue types, compared to nontumor tissue, but was not associated with breast cancer characteristics. We found that high nuclear GCR expression was associated with basal cell marker cytokeratin 5/6 positivity. CONCLUSION GCR expression is reduced in breast cancer tissue and correlates with the basal cell marker CK5/6.
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Bowen DJ, Fernandez Poole S, White M, Lyn R, Flores DA, Haile HG, Williams DR. The Role of Stress in Breast Cancer Incidence: Risk Factors, Interventions, and Directions for the Future. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18041871. [PMID: 33671879 PMCID: PMC7918955 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18041871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Stress is a common belief among breast cancer patients and the public to explain variation in breast cancer incidence. Epidemiological studies interrogating the relationship between stress and cancer have reported mixed results. The impact of the topic and the lack of consensus has sparked this review of the literature to investigate gaps in knowledge and identify areas of research. We first present a brief summary of the biopsychosocial model generally used to conduct research on stress. We then divide the overview of the literature into areas of research focus. These include the role of distressing life events in breast cancer incidence, the role of adverse childhood events in later breast cancer incidence, the importance of race and socioeconomic status (SES) as social determinants of breast cancer incidence, and the specific role of chronic stress in relation to breast cancer. For each topic, we discuss the potential of stress as a risk factor and possible intervention strategies that could reduce the effects of stress. We then identify further research questions to be probed to fill the gaps in knowledge. We conclude with a discussion of future research directions for stress research as it relates to breast cancer incidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah J. Bowen
- Department of Bioethics and Humanities, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA;
- Correspondence:
| | - Senaida Fernandez Poole
- Office of the President, California Breast Cancer Research Program, University of California, Oakland, CA 94607, USA;
| | | | - Rodney Lyn
- School of Public Health, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, USA;
| | - Debra A. Flores
- Kaiser Permanente Greater Southern Alameda Area, San Leandro, CA 94577, USA;
| | - Helen G. Haile
- Department of Bioethics and Humanities, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA;
| | - David R. Williams
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02138, USA;
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18
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Tachachartvanich P, Sanchez SS, Gomez SL, John EM, Smith MT, Fejerman L. Plasma glucocorticogenic activity, race/ethnicity and alcohol intake among San Francisco Bay Area women. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0233904. [PMID: 32479509 PMCID: PMC7263601 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0233904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Racial and ethnic minorities are at higher risk for a variety of diseases. While sociodemographic and lifestyle factors contribute to racial/ethnic health disparities, the biological processes underlying these associations remain poorly understood. Stress and its biological consequences through the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) have been hypothesized to mediate adverse disease outcomes. In fasting morning samples of 503 control women from the San Francisco Bay Area Breast Cancer Study, we used a sensitive Chemical-Activated LUciferase gene eXpression (CALUX) assay to examine the association of sociodemographic and lifestyle factors with plasma glucocorticogenic (G) activity in three racial/ethnic groups. The G activity is a sensitive measure that reflects biological activity of total plasma glucocorticoids including cortisol and glucocorticoid-like compounds. Associations between G activity and sociodemographic and lifestyle factors were examined using multivariable linear regression models. Latina and non-Latina Black (NLB) women had 9% (P = 0.053) and 14% (P = 0.008) lower morning G activity than non-Latina White (NLW) women, respectively. Additionally, we replicated a previously reported association between G activity and alcohol intake (women who drank >10gms had 19% higher G activity than non-drinkers, P = 0.004) in Latina and NLB women. Further research should assess the association between G activity and health outcomes in a prospective cohort so as to characterize the relationship between total plasma G activity in pre-disease state and disease outcomes across different racial/ethnic populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phum Tachachartvanich
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States of America
| | - Sylvia S. Sanchez
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States of America
| | - Scarlett L. Gomez
- Cancer Prevention Institute of California, Fremont, CA, United States of America
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
| | - Esther M. John
- Cancer Prevention Institute of California, Fremont, CA, United States of America
- Division of Oncology and Stanford Cancer Institute, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States of America
| | - Martyn T. Smith
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States of America
| | - Laura Fejerman
- Division of General Internal Medicine and Institute of Human Genetics, Department of Medicine, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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19
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β-Adrenergic Signaling in Lung Cancer: A Potential Role for Beta-Blockers. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol 2019; 15:27-36. [PMID: 31828732 DOI: 10.1007/s11481-019-09891-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer results in more patient deaths each year than any other cancer type. Additional treatment strategies are needed to improve clinical responses to approved treatment modalities and prevent the emergence of resistant disease. Catecholamines including norepinephrine and epinephrine are elevated as a result of chronic stress and mediate their physiological effects through activation of adrenergic receptors on target tissues. Lung cancer cells express β-adrenergic receptors (β-ARs), and numerous preclinical studies indicate that β2-AR signaling on lung cancer cells facilities cellular programs including proliferation, motility, apoptosis resistance, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, metastasis, and the acquisition of an angiogenic and immunosuppressive phenotype. Here, we review the preclinical and clinical evidence supporting a potential role for beta-blockers in improving the clinical outcome of lung cancer patients. Graphical Abstract Catecholamines including norepinephrine and epinephrine act of β-ARs expressed on NSCLC tumor cells and activate pathways regulating tumor progression.
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20
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Bashamakha G, bin Sumait H, Bashamakha M, Al Serouri A, Khader Y. Risk Factors of Breast Cancer in Hadramout Valley and Desert, Yemen. Int J Prev Med 2019; 10:161. [PMID: 32133079 PMCID: PMC6826673 DOI: 10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_251_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence of breast cancer is on rise in low- and middle-income countries as populations increasingly adopt western lifestyles. Studies on risk factors of cancers including breast cancer are lacking in Yemen. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the risk factors of breast cancer among women registered at Hadramout Valley and Desert Oncology Center (HVDOC). METHODS A case-control study was conducted at HVDOC, Yemen. All women who were registered in HVDOC and diagnosed with breast cancer and confirmed by histopathology during 2011-2015 were selected as cases. Age-matched controls were selected from women who underwent mammography in HVDOC during 2011-2015 and were confirmed to be free of breast cancer. Data were collected using semi-structured questionnaire and clinical data were abstracted from the medical records. RESULTS A total of 105 patients and 210 controls were included in this study. About 70.5% of cases and 72.4% of control were 50 years old or younger. Compared with married women, divorced women had higher odds of breast cancer [odds ratio (OR) = 2.2]. The odds of breast cancer was higher for women who had never breastfed a child (OR = 1.7). Having hypertension (OR = 2.5), family history of malignancy (OR = 2.4), and postmenopausal status (OR = 2.0) were significantly associated with higher odds of breast cancer in multivariate analysis. CONCLUSIONS The main risk factors for breast cancer among women in Yemen are divorced marital status, never breastfed a child, having hypertension, family history of malignancy, and postmenopause. Regular screening especially among women with high risk is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghazi Bashamakha
- Yemen Ministry of Health, Yemen Field Epidemiology, Tareem City, Hadramout, Yemen
- Hadramout Valley and Desert Oncology Center, Seiyun City, Hadramout, Yemen
| | - Hesham bin Sumait
- Hadramout Valley and Desert Oncology Center, Seiyun City, Hadramout, Yemen
| | - Mohamed Bashamakha
- Hadramout Valley and Desert Oncology Center, Seiyun City, Hadramout, Yemen
| | | | - Yousef Khader
- Department of Community Medicine, Public Health and Family Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
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21
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The relation between stressful life events and breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2019; 176:53-61. [DOI: 10.1007/s10549-019-05231-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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22
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Umamaheswaran S, Dasari SK, Yang P, Lutgendorf SK, Sood AK. Stress, inflammation, and eicosanoids: an emerging perspective. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2019; 37:203-211. [PMID: 29948328 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-018-9741-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Clinical and experimental studies support the notion that adrenergic stimulation and chronic stress affect inflammation, metabolism, and tumor growth. Eicosanoids are also known to heavily influence inflammation while regulating certain stress responses. However, additional work is needed to understand the full extent of interactions between the stress-related pathways and eicosanoids. Here, we review the potential influences that stress, inflammation, and metabolic pathways have on each other, in the context of eicosanoids. Understanding the intricacies of such interactions could provide insights on how systemic metabolic effects mediated by the stress pathways can be translated into therapies for cancer and other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujanitha Umamaheswaran
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Unit 1362, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Santosh K Dasari
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Unit 1362, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Peiying Yang
- Department of Palliative, Rehabilitation and Integrative Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Susan K Lutgendorf
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Department of Urology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Anil K Sood
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Unit 1362, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
- Center for RNA Interference and Non-coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
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23
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Folker AP, Hegelund ER, Mortensen EL, Wimmelmann CL, Flensborg-Madsen T. The association between life satisfaction, vitality, self-rated health, and risk of cancer. Qual Life Res 2018; 28:947-954. [PMID: 30536220 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-018-2083-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Only few prospective studies have been conducted on the contribution of quality of life-related factors to the risk of cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the prospective associations of three quality of life-related factors with the risk of cancer; life satisfaction, vitality, and self-rated health. METHODS In 2009-2011, 7189 participants in the Copenhagen Aging and Midlife Biobank were asked to rate their life satisfaction, their vitality, and their health. The study population was followed until the end of 2015 for registration of cancer in the Danish National Patient Register. RESULTS During the follow-up period, cancer was diagnosed in 312 individuals. Life satisfaction was not associated with the risk of cancer. Vitality was significantly associated with the risk of cancer, but the association became non-significant after adjustment for age, sex, socioeconomic position, and lifestyle factors. However, when additionally adjusting for life satisfaction, individuals who rated their vitality as low had a hazard ratio of 1.46 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.04-2.07) for the development of cancer. Individuals who rated their health as poor had a hazard ratio of 1.70 (95% CI 1.27-2.26) for the development of cancer, compared with individuals with good, very good, or excellent self-rated health. The association remained significant after adjustment for basic confounders, life satisfaction, and vitality. CONCLUSION A better grasp of the significance of quality of life-related factors for the risk of cancer may be of great importance to population-based cancer prevention that aims to target early risk factors for development of cancer across widespread cancer sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Paldam Folker
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Studiestraede 6, 1455, Copenhagen K, Denmark.
| | - Emilie Rune Hegelund
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5, P.O. Box 2099, 1014, Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Erik Lykke Mortensen
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5, P.O. Box 2099, 1014, Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Cathrine Lawaetz Wimmelmann
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5, P.O. Box 2099, 1014, Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Trine Flensborg-Madsen
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5, P.O. Box 2099, 1014, Copenhagen K, Denmark
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24
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Barrow TM, Peng C, Wilson A, Wang H, Liu H, Shen L, Tang NJ, Sae-Lee C, Li PH, Guo L, Byun HM. Psychosocial stress is associated with benign breast disease in young Chinese women: results from Project ELEFANT. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2018; 173:217-224. [PMID: 30255453 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-018-4979-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Psychosocial stress, including bereavement and work-related stress, is associated with the risk of breast cancer. However, it is unknown whether it may also be linked with increased risk of benign breast disease (BBD). METHODS Our study leveraged 61,907 women aged 17-55 years old from the Project ELEFANT study. BBD was diagnosed by clinician. Self-reported data on psychosocial stress over a 10-year period was retrospectively collected from questionnaires and categorised by cause (work, social and economic) and severity (none, low and high). Odd ratios (ORs) for the development of BBD were estimated using logistic regression. The model was adjusted for age, BMI, TSH levels, smoking, alcohol consumption, family history, age of menarche, oral contraceptive usage, education and occupation. RESULTS Within our study, 8% (4,914) of participants were diagnosed with BBD. Work-related stress [OR 1.57, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.46-1.69] and financial stress (OR 1.34, 95% CI 1.24-1.44) were significantly associated with BBD incidence, with a smaller but still significant association with social stress (OR 1.11, 95% CI 1.01-1.21). The associations remained significant after exclusion of participants with first- and second-degree family history of breast disease. The presence of multiple forms of stress did not synergistically increase risk. The neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), a marker of systemic inflammation and prognostic marker for breast cancer, was not associated with BBD. CONCLUSIONS Psychosocial stress, particularly work-related and financial stress, is associated with increased risk of benign breast disease among young Chinese women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy M Barrow
- Faculty of Health Sciences & Wellbeing, University of Sunderland, Sunderland, SR1 3SD, UK
| | - Cheng Peng
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ander Wilson
- Department of Statistics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Hao Wang
- Tianjin Research Institute for Family Planning, Tianjin, 300131, China
| | - Hongbin Liu
- Tianjin Research Institute for Family Planning, Tianjin, 300131, China
| | - Lilin Shen
- Tianjin Research Institute for Family Planning, Tianjin, 300131, China
| | - Nai-Jun Tang
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, 22nd Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Chanachai Sae-Lee
- Human Nutrition Research Centre, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE4 5PL, UK.,Research Division, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Peng-Hui Li
- School of Environmental Science and Safety Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, 300384, China
| | - Liqiong Guo
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, 22nd Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300070, China.
| | - Hyang-Min Byun
- Human Nutrition Research Centre, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE4 5PL, UK
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25
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Zubeldia-Plazaola A, Recalde-Percaz L, Moragas N, Alcaraz M, Chen X, Mancino M, Fernández-Nogueira P, Prats de Puig M, Guzman F, Noguera-Castells A, López-Plana A, Enreig E, Carbó N, Almendro V, Gascón P, Bragado P, Fuster G. Glucocorticoids promote transition of ductal carcinoma in situ to invasive ductal carcinoma by inducing myoepithelial cell apoptosis. Breast Cancer Res 2018; 20:65. [PMID: 29973218 PMCID: PMC6032539 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-018-0977-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The microenvironment and stress factors like glucocorticoids have a strong influence on breast cancer progression but their role in the first stages of breast cancer and, particularly, in myoepithelial cell regulation remains unclear. Consequently, we investigated the role of glucocorticoids in ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) in breast cancer, focusing specially on myoepithelial cells. METHODS To clarify the role of glucocorticoids at breast cancer onset, we evaluated the effects of cortisol and corticosterone on epithelial and myoepithelial cells using 2D and 3D in vitro and in vivo approaches and human samples. RESULTS Glucocorticoids induce a reduction in laminin levels and favour the disruption of the basement membrane by promotion of myoepithelial cell apoptosis in vitro. In an in vivo stress murine model, increased corticosterone levels fostered the transition from DCIS to invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) via myoepithelial cell apoptosis and disappearance of the basement membrane. RU486 is able to partially block the effects of cortisol in vitro and in vivo. We found that myoepithelial cell apoptosis is more frequent in patients with DCIS+IDC than in patients with DCIS. CONCLUSIONS Our findings show that physiological stress, through increased glucocorticoid blood levels, promotes the transition from DCIS to IDC, particularly by inducing myoepithelial cell apoptosis. Since this would be a prerequisite for invasive features in patients with DCIS breast cancer, its clinical management could help to prevent breast cancer progression to IDC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arantzazu Zubeldia-Plazaola
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Leire Recalde-Percaz
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Núria Moragas
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mireia Alcaraz
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xieng Chen
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mario Mancino
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Patricia Fernández-Nogueira
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miquel Prats de Puig
- Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Senology, Clínica Planas, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Flavia Guzman
- Histopathology-Citology, Anatomical Pathology Service, Centro Médico Teknon, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Aleix Noguera-Castells
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna López-Plana
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Estel Enreig
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Neus Carbó
- Department of Biochemistry and molecular Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vanessa Almendro
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Pedro Gascón
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Paloma Bragado
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain. .,Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Gemma Fuster
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain. .,Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
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26
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Yıldırım NK, Özkan M, İlgün AS, Sarsenov D, Alço G, Aktepe F, Kalyoncu N, İzci F, Selamoğlu D, Ordu Ç, Pilancı KN, İyigün ZE, Eralp Y, Özmen V. Possible role of stress, coping strategies, and life style in the development of breast cancer. Int J Psychiatry Med 2018; 53:207-220. [PMID: 29292669 DOI: 10.1177/0091217417749789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Objective The aim of the present study was to investigate the possibility of the effect of life long stressful events, along with coping method used, perception of social support, and life style on the development of breast cancer. Methods In this hospital-based case control study, the study group comprised 250 women with breast cancer who were followed by Florence Nightingale Breast Study Group. Control group included 250 women, who had similar sociodemographic characteristics to the study group. Data were collected with semi-structured interview form, Healthy Life Style Behavior Scale, Coping Strategy Indicator, and Stress Evaluation Form developed by us. Results In multivariate analysis, family history of cancer (OR: 1.55, 95% CI: 2.29-1.05), inadequate social support (OR: 1.83, 95% CI: 1.23-2.73), and loss of father during childhood (OR: 2.68, 95% CI: 5.52-1.30) and serious stressor within the last five years (OR: 4.72, 95% CI: 7.03-3.18) were found to be risk factors increasing the risk of breast cancer. When family history of cancer was excluded from the model, the presence of psychiatric disorder history (OR: 1.95, 95% CI: 3.26-1.17) and major life events (OR: 2.24, 95% CI: 4.07-1.24) were added to the model as risk factors. Conclusion The present study indicates that especially the stressful events experienced within the last five years plays an undeniable role in the risk of breast cancer. Social support may be as important in the period before the diagnosis as in the period after diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazmiye K Yıldırım
- 1 Department of Consultation Liaison Psychiatry, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mine Özkan
- 1 Department of Consultation Liaison Psychiatry, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ahmet S İlgün
- 2 Istanbul Florence Nightingale Hospital, Breast Health Center, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Dauren Sarsenov
- 2 Istanbul Florence Nightingale Hospital, Breast Health Center, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gül Alço
- 3 Department of Radiation Oncology, Istanbul Bilim University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fatma Aktepe
- 4 Department of Pathology, Gayrettepe Florence Nightingale Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nesiba Kalyoncu
- 1 Department of Consultation Liaison Psychiatry, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Filiz İzci
- 5 Department of Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, Istanbul Bilim University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Derya Selamoğlu
- 6 Department of General Surgery, Istanbul Mehmet Akif Ersoy Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Çetin Ordu
- 7 Radiation Oncology Center, Gayrettepe Florence Nightingale Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kezban N Pilancı
- 8 Department of Medical Oncology, Istanbul Haseki Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Zeynep E İyigün
- 9 Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Center, Istanbul Florence Nightingale Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yeşim Eralp
- 10 Medical Oncology Unit, Institute of Oncology, 37516 Istanbul University , Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Vahit Özmen
- 11 Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, 37516 Istanbul University , Istanbul, Turkey
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27
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Physical Symptom Burden and Its Association With Distress, Anxiety, and Depression in Breast Cancer. PSYCHOSOMATICS 2018. [PMID: 29525522 DOI: 10.1016/j.psym.2018.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical symptom burden and psychologic symptoms are highly prevalent in women with breast cancer. The Distress Thermometer and Problem List (DT&PL) is commonly used in oncology clinics to screen for distress and its accompanying Physical Problem List (PPL) identifies pertinent physical symptoms. OBJECTIVE We sought to identify physical symptoms found on the PPL and evaluate whether they are associated with psychologic symptoms in women with breast cancer. METHODS Patients (n=125) with breast cancer (Stage 0-IV) completed the DT&PL and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. They reported bother from any of 22 PPL items on the DT&PL. PPL items were assessed for their associations with distress, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale-anxiety, and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale-depression. The total number of PPL items endorsed per patient was evaluated for associations with psychologic outcomes, controlling for relevant demographic factors. RESULTS Most physical problems were associated with depression (n = 13, 87%), and anxiety (n = 8, 53%), but fewer were associated with distress (n = 4, 27%). In multivariate analyses, a higher total number of problems was associated with younger age (p = 0.03) and more depressive symptoms (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Physical symptom burden detected by the DT&PL co-occurs with depression most commonly and to a lesser extent anxiety and distress in women with breast cancer. Depression is associated with more types of physical symptoms and a total number of physical symptoms. The endorsement of multiple PPL items on the DT&PL should prompt an evaluation for depression. Similarly, depression should prompt the evaluation and treatment of physical symptom burden.
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28
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Jafari A, Goudarzian AH, Bagheri Nesami M. Depression in Women with Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review of Cross-Sectional Studies in Iran. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2018; 19:1-7. [PMID: 29373872 PMCID: PMC5844601 DOI: 10.22034/apjcp.2018.19.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers in women and has more severe mental and emotional effects than other types. Depression as a mental disorder affects people’s mental well-being, physical symptoms, occupational performance, and finally quality of life. The aim of this study was to determine depression levels in Iranian women with breast cancer. Methods: A systematic review study was conducted in 2017. English and Persian databases (PubMed, SCOPUS, Web of Science, Google Scholar, SID, Magiran) were searched with key words such as Depression Or Depressive Disorders AND Women AND Breast Cancer OR Tumor OR Neoplasm OR Malignancy AND Iran. Inclusion criteria allowed for cross-sectional studies conducted in Iran (published in English or Persian language journals), studies that had key words in their keywords or their titles and standard instruments for measuring depression in patients. Of the 160 publications found, eight were selected after reviewing the title, abstract and full article. Results: Age of women with breast cancer in selected studies ranged from 43.8 (SD = 47.1) to 55.9 (SD = 14.6) years. Duration of cancer in most studies was about 1-2 years. In most studies, mild levels of depression for women with breast cancer were present. However, in one study it was stated that 69.4% of participants had serious levels of depression. Conclusions: There is increase in the risk of depression in women with breast cancer. Therefore, it seems necessary to plan preventive and therapeutic measures in order to improve the mental health and quality of life of the affected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azar Jafari
- Nursing Student, Student Research Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
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29
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Chiriac VF, Baban A, Dumitrascu DL. Psychological stress and breast cancer incidence: a systematic review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 91:18-26. [PMID: 29440947 PMCID: PMC5808262 DOI: 10.15386/cjmed-924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Objective Breast cancer is the world’s leading cause of cancer mortality in women. Stress is an imminent risk factor with a documented negative impact on neuro-endocrine and immune system. Numerous epidemiological studies have investigated the link between stress and cancer, reporting contradictory results from no association to a close causal link. The impact of the topic and the lack of conclusion compelled this systematic review. Methods A systematic review was carried out, including all literature studies from 1966 to 2016, investigating the relationship between stress and the occurrence of breast cancer. Of the 1813 articles identified in the PubMed/Medline database, 52 were eligible and included in the analysis. Results A number of 17 retrospective, 20 limited prospective and 15 prospective studies were analyzed. The number of patients exceeded 29,000, for a total number of more than 700.000 women recruited from hospital, screening cohorts or population registers. We identified 26 positive articles linking personal traits, stressful events and breast cancer, 18 negative articles that did not confirm their hypothesis and 8 articles that could not be classified. Facing heterogeneity, all possible misguiding factors such as: study design, information gathering, stress type, moment of exposure, individual susceptibility and personality, were discussed independently. Conclusions Qualitative analysis of articles has revealed a possible association between stress and cancer, especially regarding stressful life events. In the absence of a meta-analysis and taking into account the methodological heterogeneity of the studies, the results are difficult to interpret and the role of chance is difficult to exclude.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Adriana Baban
- Department of Psychology, Babes Bolyai University Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Dan L Dumitrascu
- Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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30
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Yu T, Frei A, ter Riet G, Puhan M. Impact of Stressful Life Events on Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Respiration 2017; 95:73-79. [DOI: 10.1159/000481714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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31
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Song H, Saito E, Sawada N, Abe SK, Hidaka A, Shimazu T, Yamaji T, Goto A, Iwasaki M, Sasazuki S, Ye W, Inoue M, Tsugane S. Perceived stress level and risk of cancer incidence in a Japanese population: the Japan Public Health Center (JPHC)-based Prospective Study. Sci Rep 2017; 7:12964. [PMID: 29021585 PMCID: PMC5636815 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-13362-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence regarding stress as a risk factor for cancer onset is inconsistent. In this study, based on the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study, we enrolled 101,708 participants aged 40-69 years from 1990-1994. The self-reported perceived stress level was collected at baseline and updated through 5-year follow-up. The association between perceived stress and cancer risk was measured by Cox proportional hazards regression model, adjusted for all known confounders. During follow-up (mean = 17.8 years), we identified 17,161 cancer cases. We found no association between baseline perceived stress level and cancer incidence. However, by taking account of the dynamic changes in perceived stress, time-varying analyses revealed a slightly (4-6%) increased overall cancer risk for subjects under elevated perceived stress levels compared to the 'low stress level' group. Analyses concerning long-term perceived stress level showed that individuals with constantly high perceived stress level had an 11% (95% confidence interval 1-22%) excess risk for cancer compared to subjects with persistently low stress levels. This association was confined to men (20% excess risk), and was particularly strong among smokers, alcohol drinkers, obese subjects, and subjects without family history of cancer. Therefore, we concluded high perceived stress level might contribute to excess overall cancer incidence among men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Song
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- AXA Department of Health and Human Security, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Eiko Saito
- AXA Department of Health and Human Security, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, 5-1-1 Tsukiji Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
- Division of Cancer Statistics Integration, Center for Cancer Control & Information Services, National Cancer Center, 5-1-1 Tsukiji Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Norie Sawada
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, 5-1-1 Tsukiji Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Sarah K Abe
- Department of Global Health Policy, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Akihisa Hidaka
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, 5-1-1 Tsukiji Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Taichi Shimazu
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, 5-1-1 Tsukiji Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Taiki Yamaji
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, 5-1-1 Tsukiji Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Atsushi Goto
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, 5-1-1 Tsukiji Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Motoki Iwasaki
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, 5-1-1 Tsukiji Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Shizuka Sasazuki
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, 5-1-1 Tsukiji Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Weimin Ye
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Manami Inoue
- AXA Department of Health and Human Security, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, 5-1-1 Tsukiji Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan.
| | - Shoichiro Tsugane
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, 5-1-1 Tsukiji Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan.
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32
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Özkan M, Yıldırım N, Dişçi R, İlgün AS, Sarsenov D, Alço G, Aktepe F, Kalyoncu N, İzci F, Selamoğlu D, Ordu Ç, Pilancı KN, Erdoğan Zİ, Eralp Y, Özmen V. Roles of Biopsychosocial Factors in the Development of Breast Cancer. Eur J Breast Health 2017; 13:206-212. [PMID: 29082379 DOI: 10.5152/ejbh.2017.3519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to determine the roles of biopsychosocial risk factors in the development of breast cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS This hospital-based case-control study included 491 women with breast cancer (study group) and 512 women who did not have cancer or other serious diseases (control group). Biological, psychological, and social risk factors were compared between the two groups. Data were collected using the semi-structured interview, the Stress Assessment Form, and the Coping Strategy Indicator to assess these factors. RESULTS When the significantly different biopsychosocial variables between the study and the control groups were evaluated together, independent breast cancer risk factors were found as follows: a stressor experienced in the last 5 years, age 40 years and older, inadequate social support perception, use of avoidance coping strategy, being a housewife, having a family history of cancer, and having a body mass index ≥25. CONCLUSION This study showed a relationship between breast cancer risk and manageable variables (obesity, stressor and coping strategy, social support, and employment status), age and family history of cancer, which are biopsychosocial factors. Biopsychosocial aspects are becoming a greater part of many different healthcare systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mine Özkan
- Department of Consultation Liaison Psychiatry, İstanbul Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Nazmiye Yıldırım
- Department of Consultation Liaison Psychiatry, İstanbul Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Rian Dişçi
- Department of Public Health, İstanbul Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Serkan İlgün
- Breast Health Center, İstanbul Florence Nightingale Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Dauren Sarsenov
- Breast Health Center, İstanbul Florence Nightingale Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Gül Alço
- Department of Radiation Oncology, İstanbul Bilim University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Fatma Aktepe
- Department of Pathology, Gayrettepe Florence Nightingale Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Nesiba Kalyoncu
- Department of Consultation Liaison Psychiatry, İstanbul Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Filiz İzci
- Department of Psychiatry, İstanbul Bilim University School of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Derya Selamoğlu
- Department of General Surgery, İstanbul Mehmet Akif Ersoy Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Çetin Ordu
- Radiation Oncology Center, Gayrettepe Florence Nightingale Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Kezban Nur Pilancı
- Department of Medical Oncology, İstanbul Haseki Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Zeynep İyigün Erdoğan
- Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Center, İstanbul Florence Nightingale Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Yeşim Eralp
- Department of Medical Oncology, Oncology Institute, İstanbul University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Vahit Özmen
- Department of General Surgery, İstanbul Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul University, İstanbul, Turkey
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33
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Holman DM, White MC, Shoemaker ML, Massetti GM, Puckett MC, Brindis CD. Cancer Prevention During Early Adulthood: Highlights From a Meeting of Experts. Am J Prev Med 2017; 53:S5-S13. [PMID: 28818246 PMCID: PMC5890433 DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2017.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Revised: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Using a life course approach, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Division of Cancer Prevention and Control and the National Association of Chronic Disease Directors co-hosted a 2-day meeting with 15 multidisciplinary experts to consider evidence linking factors in early adulthood to subsequent cancer risk and strategies for putting that evidence into practice to reduce cancer incidence. This paper provides an overview of key themes from those meeting discussions, drawing attention to the influence that early adulthood can have on lifetime cancer risk and potential strategies for intervention during this phase of life. A number of social, behavioral, and environmental factors during early adulthood influence cancer risk, including dietary patterns, physical inactivity, medical conditions (e.g., obesity, diabetes, viral infections), circadian rhythm disruption, chronic stress, and targeted marketing of cancer-causing products (e.g., tobacco, alcohol). Suggestions for translating research into practice are framed in the context of the four strategic directions of the National Prevention Strategy: building healthy and safe community environments; expanding quality preventive services in clinical and community settings; empowering people to make healthy choices; and eliminating health disparities. Promising strategies for prevention among young adults include collaborating with a variety of community sectors as well as mobilizing young adults to serve as advocates for change. Young adults are a heterogeneous demographic group, and targeted efforts are needed to address the unique needs of population subgroups that are often underserved and under-represented in research studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawn M Holman
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
| | - Mary C White
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Meredith L Shoemaker
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Greta M Massetti
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Mary C Puckett
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Claire D Brindis
- Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies and Adolescent and Young Adult Health National Resource Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
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34
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Ironson G, Henry SM, Gonzalez BD. Impact of stressful death or divorce in people with HIV: A prospective examination and the buffering effects of religious coping and social support. J Health Psychol 2017; 25:606-616. [PMID: 28840762 DOI: 10.1177/1359105317726151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
This study examined the impact of a stressful death/divorce on psychological and immune outcomes in people with HIV. People with HIV with stressful death/divorce were examined from before the event to up to 12 months later (n = 45); controls were assessed at similar intervals (n = 112). Stressful deaths/divorces were associated with increased viral load and anxiety over time (ps ≤ .014), but not CD4+ or depression. Increased use of religious coping after the stressful death/divorce was associated with slower increases in viral load (p = .010). These data suggest people with HIV should consider the potentially elevated risk of transmission after such events and seek appropriate monitoring and care.
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35
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Dao-Tran TH, Anderson D, Seib C. The Vietnamese version of the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10): Translation equivalence and psychometric properties among older women. BMC Psychiatry 2017; 17:53. [PMID: 28166754 PMCID: PMC5295219 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-017-1221-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2016] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Perceived Stress Scale 10 item (PSS-10) has been translated into more than 20 languages and used widely in different populations. Yet, to date, no study has tested psychometric properties of the instrument among older women and there is no Vietnamese version of the instrument. METHODS This study translated the PSS-10 into Vietnamese and assessed Vietnamese version of the Perceived Stress Scale 10 items (V-PSS-10) for translation equivalence, face validity, construct validity, correlations, internal consistency reliability, and test-retest reliability among 473 women aged 60 and over. RESULTS The study found that V-PSS-10 retained the original meaning and was understood by Vietnamese older women. An exploratory factor analysis of the V-PSS-10 yielded a two-factor structure, and these two factors were significantly correlated (0.56, p < .01) with all item loadings exceeded .50. The V-PSS-10 score was positively correlated with general sleep disturbance (ρ = .12, p < .05), CES-D score for depression symptoms (ρ = .60, p < .01), and negatively correlated with mental (ρ = -.46, p < .01), and physical health scores (ρ = -.19, p < .01). The Cronbach's alpha for the V-PSS-10 was .80, and the test-retest correlation at one month's interval was .43. CONCLUSION Findings from this study suggest that the V-PSS-10 has acceptable validity and reliability levels among older women. The V-PSS-10 can be used to measure perceived stress in future research and practice. However, future research would be useful to further endorse the validity and reliability of the V-PSS-10.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiet-Hanh Dao-Tran
- Faculty of Nursing and Medical Technology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, HCMC, Vietnam. .,Nursing School, Queensland University of Technology, N602, N block, Kelvin Grove campus of QUT, Victoria Park Rd, Kelvin Grove, Brisbane, QLD, Australia, QLD4059.
| | - Debra Anderson
- 0000 0004 0437 5432grid.1022.1Head of School of Nursing and Midwifery, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD Australia
| | - Charrlotte Seib
- 0000 0004 0437 5432grid.1022.1School of Nursing and Midwifery, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD Australia ,0000000089150953grid.1024.7Nursing School, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD Australia QLD4059
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Lutgendorf SK, Andersen BL. Biobehavioral approaches to cancer progression and survival: Mechanisms and interventions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 70:186-97. [PMID: 25730724 DOI: 10.1037/a0035730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Over the last decade, there have been groundbreaking strides in our understanding of the multiple biological pathways by which psychosocial and behavioral factors can affect cancer progression. It is now clear that biobehavioral factors not only affect cellular immunity but both directly and indirectly modulate fundamental processes in cancer growth, including inflammation, angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis. There is also an emerging understanding of how psychological and behavioral factors used in interventions can impact these physiological processes. This review outlines our current understanding of the physiological mechanisms by which psychological, social, and behavioral processes can affect cancer progression. The intervention literature is discussed, along with recommendations for future research to move the field of biobehavioral oncology forward.
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Sawada T, Nishiyama T, Kikuchi N, Wang C, Lin Y, Mori M, Tanno K, Tamakoshi A, Kikuchi S. The influence of personality and perceived stress on the development of breast cancer: 20-year follow-up of 29,098 Japanese women. Sci Rep 2016; 6:32559. [PMID: 27586560 PMCID: PMC5009304 DOI: 10.1038/srep32559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women. However, it remains unproven whether psychological factors have an influence on breast cancer incidence. In our earlier study, subjects possessing two personality traits, decisiveness and "ikigai" (a Japanese word meaning something that makes one's life worth living), showed a significantly lower risk of developing breast cancer, although no psychological factors have been convincingly demonstrated to have an influence on breast cancer development in other studies. Therefore, we conducted this follow-up analysis to confirm the association between breast cancer incidence and psychological traits, using the final dataset of a large-scale prospective cohort study in Japan. We identified 209 cases of incident breast cancer out of a maximum 21-year follow-up of 29,098 Japanese women. Cox proportional hazard regression analysis, adjusted for the same potential confounders used in our previous study, did not reveal any significant relationships between breast cancer incidence and four psychological traits: having "ikigai", decisiveness, ease of anger arousal, and perceived stress. Our finding is consistent with previous studies, and suggests that the psychological traits are unlikely to be an important risk factor for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Sawada
- Clinical Study Support, Inc, Nagoya, 460-0003, Japan
- Department of Public Health, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, 480-1195, Japan
| | - Takeshi Nishiyama
- Department of Public Health, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, 480-1195, Japan
| | - Norimasa Kikuchi
- Clinical Study Support, Inc, Nagoya, 460-0003, Japan
- Department of Public Health, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, 480-1195, Japan
| | - Chaochen Wang
- Department of Public Health, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, 480-1195, Japan
| | - Yingsong Lin
- Department of Public Health, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, 480-1195, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Mori
- Department of Public Health, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Kozo Tanno
- Department of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, Iwate Medical University School of Medicine, Morioka, 028-3694, Japan
| | - Akiko Tamakoshi
- Department of Public Health, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Shogo Kikuchi
- Department of Public Health, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, 480-1195, Japan
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Schoemaker MJ, Jones ME, Wright LB, Griffin J, McFadden E, Ashworth A, Swerdlow AJ. Psychological stress, adverse life events and breast cancer incidence: a cohort investigation in 106,000 women in the United Kingdom. Breast Cancer Res 2016; 18:72. [PMID: 27418063 PMCID: PMC4946095 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-016-0733-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Women diagnosed with breast cancer frequently attribute their cancer to psychological stress, but scientific evidence is inconclusive. We investigated whether experienced frequency of stress and adverse life events affect subsequent breast cancer risk. Methods Breast cancer incidence was analysed with respect to stress variables collected at enrolment in a prospective cohort study of 106,000 women in the United Kingdom, with 1783 incident breast cancer cases. Relative risks (RR) were obtained as hazard ratios using Cox proportional hazards models. Results There was no association of breast cancer risk overall with experienced frequency of stress. Risk was reduced for death of a close relative during the 5 years preceding study entry (RR = 0.87, 95 % confidence interval (CI): 0.78–0.97), but not for death of a spouse/partner or close friend, personal illness/injury, or divorce/separation. There was a positive association of divorce with oestrogen-receptor-negative (RR = 1.54, 95 % CI: 1.01–2.34), but not with oestrogen-receptor-positive breast cancer. Risk was raised in women who were under age 20 at the death of their mother (RR = 1.31, 95 % CI: 1.02–1.67), but not of their father, and the effect was attenuated after excluding mothers with breast or ovarian cancer (RR = 1.17, 95 % CI: 0.85–1.61). Conclusions This large prospective study did not show consistent evidence for an association of breast cancer risk with perceived stress levels or adverse life events in the preceding 5 years, or loss of parents during childhood and adolescence. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13058-016-0733-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minouk J Schoemaker
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SM2 5NG, UK.
| | - Michael E Jones
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Lauren B Wright
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - James Griffin
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SM2 5NG, UK.,Warwick Clinical Trials Unit, the University of Warwick, Warwick, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Emily McFadden
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SM2 5NG, UK.,Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX2 6GG, UK
| | - Alan Ashworth
- UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Anthony J Swerdlow
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SM2 5NG, UK.,Division of Breast Cancer Research, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW3 6JB, UK
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The impact of cancer and quality of life among long-term survivors of breast cancer in Austria. Support Care Cancer 2016; 24:4705-12. [PMID: 27364151 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-016-3319-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study explores the relationship between the perceived impact of cancer among long-term breast cancer survivors, sociodemographic and clinical variables, and mental and physical health-related quality of life outcomes in Austria. METHODS One hundred and fifty-two long-term survivors of breast cancer (on average 13 years after initial diagnosis) completed three mailed surveys, including the Short Form-36 (SF-36), the Impact of Cancer (version 2) to assess the perceived positive and negative aspects of cancer survivorship, and a general sociodemographic and clinical questionnaire. Linear regression models were constructed to determine the effects of the perceived positive and negative impact of cancer on mental and physical health-related quality of life. RESULTS Respondents reported a physical health status that centered on population norms for Austria, but scored lower on mental health status. After controlling for age, chemotherapy, exercise, and BMI, the positive impact of cancer was associated with improved physical functioning (p = 0.0014) and the negative impact of cancer was associated with poorer physical functioning (p < 0.0001). After controlling for age, marital status, the belief in emotional distress as a cause of cancer, and high stress levels, the negative impact of cancer was associated with poorer mental functioning (p < 0.0001). Higher perceived positive impact of cancer was not associated with improved mental functioning. CONCLUSIONS Long-term survivors of breast cancer in Austria perceive both positive and negative impacts of breast cancer. These perceptions, in particular the negative impact of cancer, appear to influence, or are potentially influenced by, physical and mental health-related quality of life.
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Renzi C, Vadilonga V, Gandini S, Perinel G, Rotmensz N, Didier F, Rescigno M, Pravettoni G. Stress Exposure in Significant Relationships Is Associated with Lymph Node Status in Breast Cancer. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0149443. [PMID: 26910901 PMCID: PMC4766188 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0149443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 01/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Life stress exposure may impact on health and disease. Previous literature showed that stressful life events are associated with cancer incidence, survival and mortality. In animal models, patterns of maternal care have been shown to critically affect stress sensitivity and immunity trajectories later in life, by modifying DNA methylation during critical periods early in life. However, the role of parental care in breast cancer progression and survival has only limitedly been explored. Here, we investigated whether these factors may be linked to biological prognostic variables. Methods One hundred twenty-three women hospitalized for surgery of primary breast cancer completed a questionnaire assessing parental bonding. Stressful events throughout the life span were also assessed. Results We found that the absence of optimal parental relationships is significantly associated with an increased risk of lymph node involvement, adjusting for confounders, while cumulative stress in the area of sentimental relationships is borderline significantly associated with the same prognostic factor. Conclusions Our results suggest that parental bonding and sentimental relations may have a role in breast cancer progression. These variables represent an important evolutionary aspect which may modulate cancer progression through psycho-physiological stress pathways and influence the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Renzi
- Applied Research Division for Cognitive and Psychological Science, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
- * E-mail:
| | - Valeria Vadilonga
- Applied Research Division for Cognitive and Psychological Science, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Gandini
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Giada Perinel
- Applied Research Division for Cognitive and Psychological Science, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Nicole Rotmensz
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Florence Didier
- Applied Research Division for Cognitive and Psychological Science, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Rescigno
- Immunobiology of Dendritic Cells and Immunotherapy Unit, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Gabriella Pravettoni
- Applied Research Division for Cognitive and Psychological Science, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Prevalence of depression, anxiety and their risk factors in German women with breast cancer in general and gynecological practices. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2015; 142:447-52. [DOI: 10.1007/s00432-015-2048-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Accepted: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer survivors assume that stress plays an important role in cancer recurrence. However, the role of stress in the etiology of cancer recurrence remains unclear. OBJECTIVE A systematic review examining the causal role of exposure to stressors and/or stress response and cancer recurrence was conducted. METHODS The authors screened the scientific literature published from December 1979 through April 2012. Prospective studies and randomized control trials that examined the link between exposure to stressors and/or stress response and cancer recurrence were included in the review. RESULTS Fifteen studies examined exposures to stressors (life event questionnaires) and/or multiple indices of the stress response (mood, anxiety, depression, biological, and immune measures). The relationships between stressors and/or stress response and recurrence were observed as no relationship (80%), positive relationship (33%), and inverse relationship (27%). One of 3 randomized control trials reported a positive relationship between stress reduction and reduced risk of recurrence. CONCLUSIONS The scientific literature to date indicates no clear evidence for a causal relationship between stress (measured as stressor exposure and/or stress response) and cancer recurrence. Although additional high-quality research is needed to provide a more definitive answer, the evidence to date does not support this hypothesis. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Although at present, there is no evidence indicating a causal relationship between stress and cancer recurrence, attending to the reduction in a cancer survivor's stress response can improve emotional well-being and quality of life.
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Wu X, Liu BJ, Ji S, Wu JF, Xu CQ, Du YJ, You XF, Li B, Le JJ, Xu HL, Duan XH, Dong JC. Social defeat stress promotes tumor growth and angiogenesis by upregulating vascular endothelial growth factor/extracellular signal-regulated kinase/matrix metalloproteinase signaling in a mouse model of lung carcinoma. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:1405-12. [PMID: 25824133 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.3559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2014] [Accepted: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous epidemiological and experimental animal studies have indicated that chronic psychological stress may promote tumor development. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms by which chronic stress promotes tumorigenesis remain to be fully elucidated and animal models have not yet been well established. In the present study, an established mouse model of repeated social defeat stress (RSDS), was generated and used to investigate the effect of stress on tumor growth and metastasis. C57BL/6 mice were exposed to RSDS for 10 days, followed by subcutaneousl inoculation with Lewis lung carcinoma cells for seven days. The tumor weight and volume as well as the number of the lung metastatic nodules were then determined. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) serum levels were measured using ELISAs. In addition, expression levels of VEGF receptor (VEGFR) and L1 cell adhesion molecule (L1CAM) messenger (m)RNA were confirmed using reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Furthermore, protein expression levels of phosphorlyated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (pERK), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 were examined using western blot analysis. The results showed that RSDS significantly increased the weight and the volume of the primary tumor as well as the number of the lung metastatic nodules. Serum VEGF levels were significantly higher in the tumor-stress group compared with those of the unstressed tumor mice. In addition, tumors in stressed animals demonstrated markedly enhanced expression of VEGFR-2 and L1CAM mRNA as well as pERK, MMP-2 and MMP-9 protein expression. In conclusion, these results suggested that RSDS contributed to lung cancer progression, angiogenesis and metastasis, which was partially associated with increased VEGF secretion and therefore the activation of the ERK signaling pathway, resulting in the induction of MMP-2 and MMP-9 protein expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Wu
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200041, P.R. China
| | - Bao-Jun Liu
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200041, P.R. China
| | - Shumeng Ji
- Department of Dermatology, Xintai People's Hospital, Xintai, Shandong 271200, P.R. China
| | - Jing-Feng Wu
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200041, P.R. China
| | - Chang-Qing Xu
- Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310015, P.R. China
| | - Yi-Jie Du
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200041, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Fang You
- Department of Childhood and Adolescence, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Bei Li
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200041, P.R. China
| | - Jing-Jing Le
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200041, P.R. China
| | - Hai-Lin Xu
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200041, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Hong Duan
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200041, P.R. China
| | - Jing-Cheng Dong
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200041, P.R. China
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Kohn R, Levav I, Liphshitz I, Barchana M, Keinan-Boker L. Cancer incidence and mortality following exposures to distal and proximal major stressors. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2014; 49:703-9. [PMID: 24318123 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-013-0805-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2013] [Accepted: 11/25/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Severe psychological trauma has been shown to leave psychological and biological sequelae, including compromise of the neuro-hormonal and immunological systems. Despite much research, the putative effect of such stressor on cancer remains ambiguous. This study maximized the exploration of cancer incidence and mortality by combining a proximal (parental bereavement) with a distal major stressor (Holocaust exposure) on both risks. METHODS Subjects were bereaved Holocaust survivors (n = 904) and comparison individuals (n = 933) selected from the total cohort of 6,284 Jewish-Israeli parents who lost an adult son in war or from non-self-inflicted external causes. Cox regression was used to examine the differential risk for cancer between the two bereaved samples, adjusting for potential confounders. RESULTS No difference in cancer incidence or mortality was observed between both groups of bereaved parents. However, prior to bereavement, Holocaust survivors had an increased cancer risk compared with their counterparts in the general population. CONCLUSIONS Individuals who faced both a proximal (bereavement) and distal (Holocaust) major stressors had no additive risk for cancer incidence and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Kohn
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, The Warren Alpert School of Medicine at Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
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Fang CY, Egleston BL, Manzur AM, Townsend RR, Stanczyk FZ, Spiegel D, Dorgan JF. Psychological reactivity to laboratory stress is associated with hormonal responses in postmenopausal women. J Int Med Res 2014; 42:444-56. [PMID: 24595153 DOI: 10.1177/0300060513504696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study examined associations between psychological reactivity and hormonal responses to a standardized laboratory stressor (Trier Social Stress Test, TSST) in postmenopausal women. METHODS Postmenopausal women aged 50-74 years undertook anxiety and mood assessments prior to and following the TSST. Blood samples were drawn at multiple timepoints for assessment of cortisol, adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA). RESULTS Forty postmenopausal women completed the assessments. As expected, significant increases in anxiety and negative affect and decreases in positive affect were observed after the TSST; however, the magnitude of change in anxiety and mood varied considerably across individuals. Analyses indicated that greater increases in anxiety and negative affect after the TSST were associated with higher levels of cortisol, ACTH and DHEA after controlling for race, age, body mass index and smoking status. Changes in positive affect were not associated with cortisol, ACTH or DHEA. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that enhanced reactivity to stress is associated with higher hormone levels among postmenopausal women, which could have potential implications for health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn Y Fang
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Kennedy B, Valdimarsdóttir U, Sundström K, Sparén P, Lambe M, Fall K, Fang F. Loss of a parent and the risk of cancer in early life: a nationwide cohort study. Cancer Causes Control 2014; 25:499-506. [DOI: 10.1007/s10552-014-0352-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2013] [Accepted: 01/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Effects of psycho-behavioral interventions on immune functioning in cancer patients: a systematic review. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2013; 140:15-33. [DOI: 10.1007/s00432-013-1516-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2013] [Accepted: 09/02/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Kelly-Irving M, Lepage B, Dedieu D, Lacey R, Cable N, Bartley M, Blane D, Grosclaude P, Lang T, Delpierre C. Childhood adversity as a risk for cancer: findings from the 1958 British birth cohort study. BMC Public Health 2013; 13:767. [PMID: 23957659 PMCID: PMC3765119 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-13-767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2012] [Accepted: 08/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To analyse whether Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) are associated with an increased risk of cancer. METHODS The National child development study (NCDS) is a prospective birth cohort study with data collected over 50 years. The NCDS included all live births during one week in 1958 (n=18558) in Great Britain. Self-reported cancer incidence was based on 444 participants reporting having had cancer at some point and 5694 reporting never having cancer. ACE was measured using reports of: 1) child in care, 2) physical neglect, 3) child's or family's contact with the prison service, 4) parental separation due to divorce, death or other, 5) family experience of mental illness & 6) family experience of substance abuse. The resulting variable had three categories, no ACEs/ one ACE/ 2+ACEs and was used to test for a relationship with cancer. Information on socioeconomic characteristics, pregnancy and birth were extracted as potential confounders. Information on adult health behaviours, socioeconomic environment, psychological state and age at first pregnancy were added to the models. Multivariate models were run using multiply-imputed data to account for missing data in the cohort. RESULTS The odds of having a cancer before 50 y among women increased twofold for those who had 2+ ACEs versus those with no ACEs, after adjusting for adult factors and early life confounders (OR: 2.1, 95% CI: 1.42-3.21, p<0.001). CONCLUSION These findings suggest that cancer risk may be influenced by exposure to stressful conditions and events early on in life. This is potentially important in furthering our understanding of cancer aetiology, and consequently in redirecting scientific research and developing appropriate prevention policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Kelly-Irving
- INSERM, U1027, Toulouse F-31300, France
- Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, UMR1027, Toulouse F-31300, France
| | - Benoit Lepage
- Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, UMR1027, Toulouse F-31300, France
- CHU Toulouse, Hôpital Purpan, Département, Toulouse F-31300, France
| | - Dominique Dedieu
- INSERM, U1027, Toulouse F-31300, France
- Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, UMR1027, Toulouse F-31300, France
| | - Rebecca Lacey
- Department of epidemiology and public health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Noriko Cable
- Department of epidemiology and public health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Melanie Bartley
- Department of epidemiology and public health, University College London, London, UK
| | - David Blane
- Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Pascale Grosclaude
- INSERM, U1027, Toulouse F-31300, France
- Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, UMR1027, Toulouse F-31300, France
- Institut Claudus Regaud, Toulouse F-31300, France
| | - Thierry Lang
- INSERM, U1027, Toulouse F-31300, France
- Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, UMR1027, Toulouse F-31300, France
- CHU Toulouse, Hôpital Purpan, Département, Toulouse F-31300, France
| | - Cyrille Delpierre
- INSERM, U1027, Toulouse F-31300, France
- Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, UMR1027, Toulouse F-31300, France
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Lin Y, Wang C, Zhong Y, Huang X, Peng L, Shan G, Wang K, Sun Q. Striking life events associated with primary breast cancer susceptibility in women: a meta-analysis study. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2013; 32:53. [PMID: 23941600 PMCID: PMC3751759 DOI: 10.1186/1756-9966-32-53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2013] [Accepted: 08/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The association between striking life events, an important stress and acute anxiety disorder, and the occurrence of primary breast cancer is unclear. The current meta-analysis was designed to assess the relationship between striking life events and primary breast cancer incidence in women. Methods Systematic computerized searching of the PubMed, ScienceDirect, Embase, and BMJ databases with the combinations of controlled descriptors from Mesh, including breast cancer, breast tumor, cancer of breast, mammary carcinoma, life events, life change events, case–control studies, case-base studies, cohort study, and cohort analysis and identified a total of 307 papers published from January 1995 to April 2012. Following evaluation of methodological quality with the Downs & Black criteria, seven case–control or cohort studies were selected and the association between striking life events and primary breast cancer incidence in women was measured using random effect or fixed-effect odds ratios combined with 95% confidence interval. Results The seven studies included in the final meta-analysis included 99,807 women. A meta-analysis showed that the pooled OR for striking life events and breast cancer was 1.51 (95% CI 1.15 - 1.97, P = 0.003), indicating that women with striking life events were at 1.5-fold greater risk of developing breast cancer. The pooled OR for severe striking life events and breast cancer was 2.07 (95% CI 1.06 - 4.03), indicating that women with severe striking life events were at 2-fold greater risk of developing breast cancer. Conclusions The current meta-analysis showed significant evidence for a positive association between striking life events and primary breast cancer incidence in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Lin
- Department of Breast Disease, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, 1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing, Beijing 100730, China.
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Nabi H, Kivimäki M, Batty GD, Shipley MJ, Britton A, Brunner EJ, Vahtera J, Lemogne C, Elbaz A, Singh-Manoux A. Increased risk of coronary heart disease among individuals reporting adverse impact of stress on their health: the Whitehall II prospective cohort study. Eur Heart J 2013; 34:2697-705. [PMID: 23804585 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/eht216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Response to stress can vary greatly between individuals. However, it remains unknown whether perceived impact of stress on health is associated with adverse health outcomes. We examined whether individuals who report that stress adversely affects their health are at increased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) compared with those who report that stress has no adverse health impact. METHODS AND RESULTS Analyses are based on 7268 men and women (mean age: 49.5 years, interquartile range: 11 years) from the British Whitehall II cohort study. Over 18 years of follow-up, there were 352 coronary deaths or first non-fatal myocardial infarction (MI) events. After adjustment for sociodemographic characteristics, participants who reported at baseline that stress has affected their health 'a lot or extremely' had a 2.12 times higher (95% CI 1.52-2.98) risk of coronary death or incident non-fatal MI when compared with those who reported no effect of stress on their health. This association was attenuated but remained statistically significant after adjustment for biological, behavioural, and other psychological risk factors including perceived stress levels, and measures of social support; fully adjusted hazard ratio: 1.49 (95% CI 1.01-2.22). CONCLUSIONS In this prospective cohort study, the perception that stress affects health, different from perceived stress levels, was associated with an increased risk of coronary heart disease. Randomized controlled trials are needed to determine whether disease risk can be reduced by increasing clinical attention to those who complain that stress greatly affects their health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hermann Nabi
- Unit 1018, Epidemiology of occupational and social determinants of health Team, INSERM, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, F-94807 Villejuif, France
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