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Cimmino A, Fasciglione GF, Gioia M, Marini S, Ciaccio C. Multi-Anticancer Activities of Phytoestrogens in Human Osteosarcoma. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13344. [PMID: 37686148 PMCID: PMC10487502 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Phytoestrogens are plant-derived bioactive compounds with estrogen-like properties. Their potential health benefits, especially in cancer prevention and treatment, have been a subject of considerable research in the past decade. Phytoestrogens exert their effects, at least in part, through interactions with estrogen receptors (ERs), mimicking or inhibiting the actions of natural estrogens. Recently, there has been growing interest in exploring the impact of phytoestrogens on osteosarcoma (OS), a type of bone malignancy that primarily affects children and young adults and is currently presenting limited treatment options. Considering the critical role of the estrogen/ERs axis in bone development and growth, the modulation of ERs has emerged as a highly promising approach in the treatment of OS. This review provides an extensive overview of current literature on the effects of phytoestrogens on human OS models. It delves into the multiple mechanisms through which these molecules regulate the cell cycle, apoptosis, and key pathways implicated in the growth and progression of OS, including ER signaling. Moreover, potential interactions between phytoestrogens and conventional chemotherapy agents commonly used in OS treatment will be examined. Understanding the impact of these compounds in OS holds great promise for developing novel therapeutic approaches that can augment current OS treatment modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Chiara Ciaccio
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome ‘Tor Vergata’, Via Montpellier 1, I-00133 Rome, Italy; (A.C.); (G.F.F.); (M.G.); (S.M.)
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2
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Lee C, Lee S, Park E, Hong J, Shin DY, Byun JM, Yun H, Koh Y, Yoon SS. Transcriptional signatures of the BCL2 family for individualized acute myeloid leukaemia treatment. Genome Med 2022; 14:111. [PMID: 36171613 PMCID: PMC9520894 DOI: 10.1186/s13073-022-01115-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although anti-apoptotic proteins of the B-cell lymphoma-2 (BCL2) family have been utilized as therapeutic targets in acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), their complicated regulatory networks make individualized therapy difficult. This study aimed to discover the transcriptional signatures of BCL2 family genes that reflect regulatory dynamics, which can guide individualized therapeutic strategies. Methods From three AML RNA-seq cohorts (BeatAML, LeuceGene, and TCGA; n = 451, 437, and 179, respectively), we constructed the BCL2 family signatures (BFSigs) by applying an innovative gene-set selection method reflecting biological knowledge followed by non-negative matrix factorization (NMF). To demonstrate the significance of the BFSigs, we conducted modelling to predict response to BCL2 family inhibitors, clustering, and functional enrichment analysis. Cross-platform validity of BFSigs was also confirmed using NanoString technology in a separate cohort of 47 patients. Results We established BFSigs labeled as the BCL2, MCL1/BCL2, and BFL1/MCL1 signatures that identify key anti-apoptotic proteins. Unsupervised clustering based on BFSig information consistently classified AML patients into three robust subtypes across different AML cohorts, implying the existence of biological entities revealed by the BFSig approach. Interestingly, each subtype has distinct enrichment patterns of major cancer pathways, including MAPK and mTORC1, which propose subtype-specific combination treatment with apoptosis modulating drugs. The BFSig-based classifier also predicted response to venetoclax with remarkable performance (area under the ROC curve, AUROC = 0.874), which was well-validated in an independent cohort (AUROC = 0.950). Lastly, we successfully confirmed the validity of BFSigs using NanoString technology. Conclusions This study proposes BFSigs as a biomarker for the effective selection of apoptosis targeting treatments and cancer pathways to co-target in AML. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13073-022-01115-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chansub Lee
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Center for Medical Innovation, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungyoung Lee
- Department of Genomic Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Center for Precision Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunchae Park
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Center for Medical Innovation, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Junshik Hong
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Center for Medical Innovation, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Yeop Shin
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Center for Medical Innovation, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ja Min Byun
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Center for Medical Innovation, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hongseok Yun
- Department of Genomic Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea. .,Center for Precision Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Youngil Koh
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. .,Center for Medical Innovation, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea. .,Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sung-Soo Yoon
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. .,Center for Medical Innovation, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea. .,Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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3
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Luparello C, Librizzi M. Parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP)-dependent modulation of gene expression signatures in cancer cells. VITAMINS AND HORMONES 2022; 120:179-214. [PMID: 35953109 DOI: 10.1016/bs.vh.2022.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
PTHrP is encoded by PTHLH gene which can generate by alternative promoter usage and splicing mechanisms at least three mature peptides of 139, 141 and 173 amino acids with distinct carboxy terminus. PTHrP may undergo proteolytic processing into smaller bioactive forms, comprising an amino terminus peptide, which is the mediator of the "classical" PTH-like effect, as well as midregion and carboxy terminus peptides that act as multifaceted critical regulator of proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis via the reprogramming of gene expression in normal and neoplastic cells. Moreover, a nuclear/nucleolar localization signal sequence is present in the [87-107] domain allowing PTHrP nuclear import and "intracrine" effect additional to the autocrine/paracrine one. Within the large number of data available in the literature on PTHrP bioactivities, the goal of this chapter is to pick up selected studies that report the detection of molecular signatures of cancer cell exposure to PTHrP, either as full-length protein or discrete peptides, demonstrated by individual gene or whole genome expression profiling, briefly recapitulating the biological implications associated with the specific gene activation or silencing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Luparello
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università di Palermo, Palermo, Italia.
| | - Mariangela Librizzi
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università di Palermo, Palermo, Italia
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4
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Novoa Díaz MB, Carriere PM, Martín MJ, Calvo N, Gentili C. Involvement of parathyroid hormone-related peptide in the aggressive phenotype of colorectal cancer cells. World J Gastroenterol 2021; 27:7025-7040. [PMID: 34887626 PMCID: PMC8613645 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v27.i41.7025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains one of the leading causes of mortality from malignant diseases worldwide. In general terms, CRC presents high heterogeneity due to the influence of different genetic and environmental factors; also, the neoplastic cells are strongly influenced by the extracellular matrix and several surrounding cells, known together as the tumor microenvironment (TME). Bidirectional communication takes place between the tumor and the TME through the release of autocrine and paracrine factors. Parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP) is a cytokine secreted by a wide variety of tissues and is able to regulate several cellular functions both in physiological as well as in pathological processes. It exerts its effects as a paracrine/autocrine factor, although its mode of action is mainly paracrine. It has been shown that this peptide is expressed by several tumors and that the tumor secretion of PTHrP is responsible for the malignant humoral hypercalcemia. Eight years ago, when our research group started studying PTHrP effects in the experimental models derived from intestinal tumors, the literature available at the time addressing the effects of PTHrP on colorectal tumors was limited, and no articles had been published regarding to the paracrine action of PTHrP in CRC cells. Based on this and on our previous findings regarding the role of PTH in CRC cells, our purpose in recent years has been to explore the role of PTHrP in CRC. We analyzed the behavior of CRC cells treated with exogenous PTHrP, focalizing in the study of the following events: Survival, cell cycle progression and proliferation, migration, chemoresistance, tumor-associated angiogenesis, epithelial to mesenchymal transition program and other events also associated with invasion, such us the induction of cancer stem cells features. This work summarizes the major findings obtained by our investigation group using in vitro and in vivo CRC models that evidence the participation of PTHrP in the acquisition of an aggressive phenotype of CRC cells and the molecular mechanisms involved in these processes. Recently, we found that this cytokine induces this malignant behavior not only by its direct action on these intestinal cells but also through its influence on cells derived from TME, promoting a communication between CRC cells and surrounding cells that contributes to the molecular and morphological changes observed in CRC cells. These investigations establish the basis for our next studies in order to address the clinical applicability of our findings. Recognizing the factors and mechanisms that promote invasion in CRC cells, evasion to the cytotoxic effects of current CRC therapies and thus metastasis is decisive for the identification of new markers with the potential to improve early diagnosis and/or to predict prognosis, to predetermine drug resistance and to provide treatment guidelines that include targeted therapies for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Belén Novoa Díaz
- Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS)- INBIOSUR (CONICET-UNS), Bahía Blanca 8000, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Pedro Matías Carriere
- Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS)- INBIOSUR (CONICET-UNS), Bahía Blanca 8000, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Julia Martín
- Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS)- INBIOSUR (CONICET-UNS), Bahía Blanca 8000, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS)- INQUISUR (CONICET-UNS), Bahía Blanca 8000, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Natalia Calvo
- Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS)- INBIOSUR (CONICET-UNS), Bahía Blanca 8000, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Claudia Gentili
- Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS)- INBIOSUR (CONICET-UNS), Bahía Blanca 8000, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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5
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Al-Khan AA, Al Balushi NR, Richardson SJ, Danks JA. Roles of Parathyroid Hormone-Related Protein (PTHrP) and Its Receptor (PTHR1) in Normal and Tumor Tissues: Focus on Their Roles in Osteosarcoma. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:637614. [PMID: 33796580 PMCID: PMC8008073 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.637614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary bone tumor and originates from bone forming mesenchymal cells and primarily affects children and adolescents. The 5-year survival rate for OS is 60 to 65%, with little improvement in prognosis during the last four decades. Studies have demonstrated the evolving roles of parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) and its receptor (PTHR1) in bone formation, bone remodeling, regulation of calcium transport from blood to milk, regulation of maternal calcium transport to the fetus and reabsorption of calcium in kidneys. These two molecules also play critical roles in the development, progression and metastasis of several tumors such as breast cancer, lung carcinoma, chondrosarcoma, squamous cell carcinoma, melanoma and OS. The protein expression of both PTHrP and PTHR1 have been demonstrated in OS, and their functions and proposed signaling pathways have been investigated yet their roles in OS have not been fully elucidated. This review aims to discuss the latest research with PTHrP and PTHR1 in OS tumorigenesis and possible mechanistic pathways. This review is dedicated to Professor Michael Day who died in May 2020 and was a very generous collaborator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Awf A Al-Khan
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia.,Department of Pathology, Sohar Hospital, Sohar, Oman
| | - Noora R Al Balushi
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Samantha J Richardson
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia.,School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Janine A Danks
- School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia.,The University of Melbourne, Department of Medicine, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
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6
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Fernandes I, Melo-Alvim C, Lopes-Brás R, Esperança-Martins M, Costa L. Osteosarcoma Pathogenesis Leads the Way to New Target Treatments. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:E813. [PMID: 33467481 PMCID: PMC7831017 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a rare condition with very poor prognosis in a metastatic setting. Basic research has enabled a better understanding of OS pathogenesis and the discovery of new potential therapeutic targets. Phase I and II clinical trials are already ongoing, with some promising results for these patients. This article reviews OS pathogenesis and new potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Fernandes
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, 1600 Lisbon, Portugal; (C.M.-A.); (R.L.-B.); (M.E.-M.); (L.C.)
- Luís Costa Lab, Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, 1600 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Cecília Melo-Alvim
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, 1600 Lisbon, Portugal; (C.M.-A.); (R.L.-B.); (M.E.-M.); (L.C.)
| | - Raquel Lopes-Brás
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, 1600 Lisbon, Portugal; (C.M.-A.); (R.L.-B.); (M.E.-M.); (L.C.)
| | - Miguel Esperança-Martins
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, 1600 Lisbon, Portugal; (C.M.-A.); (R.L.-B.); (M.E.-M.); (L.C.)
- Luís Costa Lab, Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, 1600 Lisbon, Portugal
- Sérgio Dias Lab, Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, 1600 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Luís Costa
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, 1600 Lisbon, Portugal; (C.M.-A.); (R.L.-B.); (M.E.-M.); (L.C.)
- Luís Costa Lab, Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, 1600 Lisbon, Portugal
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7
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Parathyroid hormone receptor 1 (PTHR1) is a prognostic indicator in canine osteosarcoma. Sci Rep 2020; 10:1564. [PMID: 32005896 PMCID: PMC6994589 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-58524-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common malignant primary bone tumour in humans and dogs. Several studies have established the vital role of parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) and its receptor (PTHR1) in bone formation and remodeling. In addition, these molecules play a role in the progression and metastasis of many human tumour types. This study investigated the expression of PTHR1 and PTHrP in canine OS tissues and assessed their prognostic value. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue samples from 50 dogs diagnosed with primary OS were immunolabeled with antibodies specific for PTHR1 and PTHrP. The immunostaining intensity of tumours from patients with OS was correlated with survival time. Both PTHR1 and PTHrP were detected in all OS samples (n = 50). Dogs with OS tumours showing high immunostaining intensity for PTHR1 (n = 36) had significantly shorter survival times (p = 0.028, Log Rank; p = 0.04, Cox regression) when compared with OS that had low immunostaining intensity for PTHR1 (n = 14).PTHrP immunostaining intensity did not correlate with survival time (p > 0.05). The results of this study indicate that increased expression of PTHR1 antigen in canine OS is associated with poor prognosis. This suggests that PTHR1 may be useful as a prognostic indicator in canine OS.
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8
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Martín MJ, Gigola G, Zwenger A, Carriquiriborde M, Gentil F, Gentili C. Potential therapeutic targets for growth arrest of colorectal cancer cells exposed to PTHrP. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2018; 478:32-44. [PMID: 30009852 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2018.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Although PTHrP is implicated in several cancers, its role in chemoresistance is not fully elucidated. We found that in CRC cells, PTHrP exerts proliferative and protective effects and induces cell migration. The aim of this work was to further study the effects of PTHrP in CRC cells. Herein we evidenced, for the first time, that PTHrP induces resistance to CPT-11 in Caco-2 and HCT116 cells; although both cell lines responded to the drug through different molecular mechanisms, the chemoresistance by PTHrP in these models is mediated through ERK, which in turn is activated by PCK, Src and Akt. Moreover, continue administration of PTHrP in nude mice xenografts increased the protein levels of this MAPK and of other markers related to tumorigenic events. The understanding of the molecular mechanisms leading to ERK 1/2 activation and the study of ERK targets may facilitate the development of new therapeutic strategies for CRC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Julia Martín
- Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas y Biomédicas del Sur (INBIOSUR), Dept. Biología Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur-CONICET, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Graciela Gigola
- Dept. Biología Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Ariel Zwenger
- Dept. de Oncología, Hospital Provincial de Neuquén, Neuquén, Argentina
| | | | - Florencia Gentil
- Fac. de Cs. Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Claudia Gentili
- Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas y Biomédicas del Sur (INBIOSUR), Dept. Biología Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur-CONICET, Bahía Blanca, Argentina.
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9
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Sampson VB, Vetter NS, Zhang W, Patil PU, Mason RW, George E, Gorlick R, Kolb EA. Integrating mechanisms of response and resistance against the tubulin binding agent Eribulin in preclinical models of osteosarcoma. Oncotarget 2018; 7:86594-86607. [PMID: 27863409 PMCID: PMC5349938 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 10/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the most frequently occurring bone cancer in children and adolescents. Unfortunately, treatment failures are common. Eribulin is a synthetic microtubule inhibitor that has demonstrated activity in preclinical osteosarcoma models. The effects of eribulin were evaluated in two human osteosarcoma cell lines as well as in eribulin-sensitive and -resistant osteosarcoma xenograft tumors of the Pediatric Preclinical Testing Program (PPTP) by characterizing cell viability, microtubule destabilization, mitotic arrest and mechanism of cell death. Eribulin demonstrated cytotoxic activity in vitro, through promotion of microtubule dynamic instability, arrest of cells in the G2/M phase, mitotic catastrophe and cell death. The microtubule-destabilizing protein stathmin-1 (STMN1) was coimmunoprecipitated with the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p27 indicating that these cytoplasmic complexes can protect cells from the microtubule destabilizing effect of eribulin. Increased tumoral expression of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and TUBB3 were also associated with lower drug sensitivity. In summary, eribulin successfully blocked cells in G2/M phase but interfered with mitochondria activity to inhibit proteins involved in apoptosis. Understanding the complex and inter-related mechanisms involved in the overall drug response to eribulin may help in the design of therapeutic strategies that enhance drug activity and improve benefits of eribulin in pediatric patients with osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie B Sampson
- Cancer Therapeutics Laboratory, Nemours Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Nemours/A.I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE, USA
| | - Nancy S Vetter
- Cancer Therapeutics Laboratory, Nemours Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Nemours/A.I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE, USA
| | - Wendong Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics - Hematology and Oncology, The Children's Hospital at Montefiore, The Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Pratima U Patil
- Nemours Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE, USA
| | - Robert W Mason
- Nemours Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE, USA
| | - Erika George
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Richard Gorlick
- Department of Pediatrics - Hematology and Oncology, The Children's Hospital at Montefiore, The Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Edward A Kolb
- Cancer Therapeutics Laboratory, Nemours Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Nemours/A.I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE, USA
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10
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Single-center Experience in Treating Patients With t(4;14) Multiple Myeloma With and Without Planned Frontline Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation. CLINICAL LYMPHOMA MYELOMA & LEUKEMIA 2018; 18:225-234. [PMID: 29397346 DOI: 10.1016/j.clml.2017.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Revised: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Translocation t(4;14) has traditionally been classified as a high-risk cytogenetic feature in patients with multiple myeloma with shortened progression-free (PFS) and overall survival (OS) despite initial response to treatment. Recent data have shown an improved long-term survival in these patients treated with novel agents, such as bortezomib. PATIENTS AND METHODS We conducted a retrospective study on our patients with t(4;14) multiple myeloma treated with bortezomib-based induction between July 1, 2006 and June 30, 2014 to assess the real-world outcomes of these patients in a tertiary center. RESULTS Among the 75 patients analyzed, the median PFS was 33.5 months, and the median OS was 69.6 months after a median follow-up of 41 months. Even in the era of novel agents, patients who received frontline autologous stem cell transplant had a better PFS than those who received chemotherapy alone (median PFS, 24.2 months vs. 41.5 months; P = .01). Hypercalcemia at the time of presentation was found to be a significant predictor of progression (hazard ratio [HR], 10.1; 95% confidence interval [CI], 4.0-26.0) and death (HR, 9.4; 95% CI, 3.2-27.8), and co-harboring of del(17p) by fluorescent in situ hybridization with t(4;14) was associated with a significantly inferior OS (HR, 4.0; 95% CI, 1.4-11.4). CONCLUSION Even in the era of novel agents, t(4;14) remains a negative prognostic marker. Frontline autologous stem cell transplant remains as an essential tool when treating these high-risk patients, but further prospective randomized studies are needed to determine the most effective strategy for this patient group.
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11
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Datta T, Przyklenk K, Datta NS. Parathyroid Hormone-Related Peptide: A Novel Endocrine Cardioprotective "Conditioning Mimetic". J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther 2017; 22:529-537. [PMID: 28403647 DOI: 10.1177/1074248417702976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
An as-yet limited body of evidence suggests that calcium-regulating endocrine hormones-in particular, parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP)-may have unappreciated cardioprotective effects. The current review focuses on the concept that PTHrP may, via modulation of classic cardioprotective signaling pathways, provide a novel strategy to attenuate myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanuka Datta
- 1 Department of Internal Medicine, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Karin Przyklenk
- 2 Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA.,3 Department of Physiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA.,4 Department of Emergency Medicine, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Nabanita S Datta
- 2 Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA.,5 Department of Internal Medicine, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
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12
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Nikitovic D, Kavasi RM, Berdiaki A, Papachristou DJ, Tsiaoussis J, Spandidos DA, Tsatsakis AM, Tzanakakis GN. Parathyroid hormone/parathyroid hormone-related peptide regulate osteosarcoma cell functions: Focus on the extracellular matrix (Review). Oncol Rep 2016; 36:1787-92. [PMID: 27499459 PMCID: PMC5022866 DOI: 10.3892/or.2016.4986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a primary bone tumor of mesenchymal origin mostly affecting children and adolescents. The OS extracellular matrix (ECM) is extensively altered as compared to physiological bone tissue. Indeed, the main characteristic of the most common osteoblastic subtype of OS is non-mineralized osteoid production. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is a polypeptide hormone secreted by the chief cells of the parathyroid glands. The PTH-related peptide (PTHrP) may be comprised of 139, 141 or 173 amino acids and exhibits considerate N-terminal amino acid sequence homology with PTH. The function of PTH/PTHrP is executed through the activation of the PTH receptor 1 (PTHR1) and respective downstream intracellular pathways which regulate skeletal development, bone turnover and mineral ion homeostasis. Both PTHR1 and its PTH/PTHrP ligands have been shown to be expressed in OS and to affect the functions of these tumor cells. This review aims to highlight the less well known aspects of PTH/PTHrP functions in the progression of OS by focusing on ECM-dependent signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dragana Nikitovic
- Department of Anatomy‑Histology‑Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion 71003, Greece
| | - Rafaela-Maria Kavasi
- Department of Anatomy‑Histology‑Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion 71003, Greece
| | - Aikaterini Berdiaki
- Department of Anatomy‑Histology‑Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion 71003, Greece
| | - Dionysios J Papachristou
- Department of Anatomy‑Histology‑Embryology, Unit of Bone and Soft Tissue Studies, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras 26504, Greece
| | - John Tsiaoussis
- Department of Anatomy‑Histology‑Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion 71003, Greece
| | - Demetrios A Spandidos
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion 71003, Greece
| | - Aristides M Tsatsakis
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion 71003, Greece
| | - George N Tzanakakis
- Department of Anatomy‑Histology‑Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion 71003, Greece
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Xu C, Wang Z, Cui R, He H, Lin X, Sheng Y, Zhang H. Co-expression of parathyroid hormone related protein and TGF-beta in breast cancer predicts poor survival outcome. BMC Cancer 2015; 15:925. [PMID: 26597083 PMCID: PMC4655491 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-015-1873-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2015] [Accepted: 10/30/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Better methods to predict prognosis can play a supplementary role in administering individualized treatment for breast cancer patients. Altered expressions of PTHrP and TGF-β have been observed in various types of human cancers. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the association of PTHrP and TGF-β level with the clinicopathological features of the breast cancer patients. Methods Immunohistochemistry was used to examine PTHrP and TGF-β protein expression in 497 cases of early breast cancer, and Kaplan-Meier method and COX’s Proportional Hazard Model were applied to the prognostic value of PTHrP and TGF-β expression. Results Both over-expressed TGF-β and PTHrP were correlated with the tumor in larger size, higher proportion of axillary lymph node metastasis and later clinical stage. Additionally, the tumors with a high TGF-β level developed poor differentiation, and only TGF-β expression was associated with disease-free survival (DFS) of the breast cancer patients. Followed up for a median of 48 months, it was found that only the patients with negative TGF-β expression had longer DFS (P < 0.05, log-rank test). Nevertheless, those with higher PTHrP expression tended to show a higher rate of bone metastasis (67.6 % vs. 45.8 %, P = 0.019). In ER negative subgroup, those who developed PTHrP positive expression presented poor prognosis (P < 0.05, log-rank test). The patients with both positive TGF-β and PTHrP expression were significantly associated with the high risk of metastases. As indicated by Cox’s regression analysis, TGF-β expression and the high proportion of axillary lymph node metastasis served as significant independent predictors for breast cancer recurrence. Conclusions TGF-β and PTHrP were confirmed to be involved in regulating the malignant progression in breast cancer, and PTHrP expression, to be associated with bone metastasis as a potential prognostic marker in ER negative breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Xu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200090, China.
| | - Zhengyuan Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200090, China.
| | - Rongrong Cui
- Department of Breast Surgery, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200090, China.
| | - Hongyu He
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Xiaoyan Lin
- Department of Breast Surgery, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200090, China.
| | - Yuan Sheng
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Hongwei Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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Binder M, Rajkumar SV, Gertz MA, Lacy MQ, Dispenzieri A, Buadi FK, Dingli D, Hayman SR, Lust JA, Kapoor P, Lin Y, Go RS, Hwa YL, Kyle RA, Kumar SK. Predictors of early response to initial therapy in patients with newly diagnosed symptomatic multiple myeloma. Am J Hematol 2015; 90:888-91. [PMID: 26148022 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.24107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Revised: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 07/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Response to therapy in newly diagnosed symptomatic multiple myeloma (NDMM) can impact long-term outcomes. It is not clear if baseline laboratory parameters can predict an early, deep response. Totally 1,304 patients with NDMM seen between 2001 and 2013 at Mayo Clinic Rochester were studied. The association between baseline laboratory parameters and early, deep response defined as a very good partial response or better (VGPR+) within four cycles of treatment was investigated. Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess the associations between the parameters of interest and response. Multivariable proportional hazards regression was used to assess the association between response and overall survival. In the entire cohort, greater absolute free light chain (FLC) differences (OR 2.38, 95% CI 1.48-3.82), younger age (OR 2.18, 95% CI 1.28-3.71), lower hemoglobin (OR 1.68, 95% CI 1.12-2.54), and IgA myeloma (OR 1.66, 95% CI 1.10-2.51) were associated with increased odds of achieving VGPR+ after four cycles. Among patients receiving novel agents in general and immunomodulators in particular, these effects were more pronounced. In patients receiving proteasome-inhibitors, higher creatinine (OR 3.83, 95% CI 1.37-10.1), lower calcium (OR 3.37, 95% CI 1.36-8.35), and greater absolute FLC differences (OR 2.50, 95% CI 1.10-5.71) were associated with better response. In a landmark analysis at 4 months from diagnosis, achieving VGPR+ was associated with decreased risk of subsequent mortality (HR 0.69, 95% CI 0.53-0.86). In summary, several parameters were associated with an early, deep response to treatment, revealing distinct sets of predictors for immunomodulator- and proteasome-inhibitor-containing regimens. Achieving VGPR+ after four cycles translated into increased overall survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Binder
- Department of Internal Medicine; Mayo Clinic; Rochester Minnesota
| | | | - Morie A. Gertz
- Division of Hematology; Mayo Clinic; Rochester Minnesota
| | - Martha Q. Lacy
- Division of Hematology; Mayo Clinic; Rochester Minnesota
| | | | | | - David Dingli
- Division of Hematology; Mayo Clinic; Rochester Minnesota
| | | | - John A. Lust
- Division of Hematology; Mayo Clinic; Rochester Minnesota
| | | | - Yi Lin
- Division of Hematology; Mayo Clinic; Rochester Minnesota
| | - Ronald S. Go
- Division of Hematology; Mayo Clinic; Rochester Minnesota
| | - Yi L. Hwa
- Division of Hematology; Mayo Clinic; Rochester Minnesota
| | - Robert A. Kyle
- Division of Hematology; Mayo Clinic; Rochester Minnesota
| | - Shaji K. Kumar
- Division of Hematology; Mayo Clinic; Rochester Minnesota
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Katonis P, Datsis G, Karantanas A, Kampouroglou A, Lianoudakis S, Licoudis S, Papoutsopoulou E, Alpantaki K. Spinal osteosarcoma. CLINICAL MEDICINE INSIGHTS-ONCOLOGY 2013; 7:199-208. [PMID: 24179411 PMCID: PMC3813616 DOI: 10.4137/cmo.s10099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Although osteosarcoma represents the second most common primary bone tumor, spinal involvement is rare, accounting for 3%–5% of all osteosarcomas. The most frequent symptom of osteosarcoma is pain, which appears in almost all patients, whereas more than 70% exhibit neurologic deficit. At a molecular level, it is a tumor of great genetic complexity and several genetic disorders have been associated with its appearance. Early diagnosis and careful surgical staging are the most important factors in accomplishing sufficient management. Even though overall prognosis remains poor, en-block tumor removal combined with adjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy is currently the treatment of choice. This paper outlines histopathological classification, epidemiology, diagnostic procedures, and current concepts of management of spinal osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Katonis
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Hospital, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
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Inoue N, Watanabe H, Takehara H, Hamazaki M, Kagami S. Refractory pediatric nonrhabdomyosarcoma soft tissue sarcoma associated with ectopic production of beta hCG and hypercalcemia induced by PTHrP. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2011; 57:1244-6. [PMID: 21898783 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.23271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2011] [Accepted: 06/13/2011] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A 3-month-old male with a mass on the right side of his back was admitted to our hospital. The tumor was a pathologically high-grade nonrhabdomyosarcoma soft tissue sarcoma (NRSTS). Treatment included subtotal tumor resection followed by chemotherapy. Elevation of serum beta hCG and hypercalcemia with detection of PTHrP was associated with tumor progression. The tumor was refractory to multiagent chemotherapy, and the patient died of the disease at 22 months of age. This case is novel in demonstrating a beta hCG secreting refractory NRSTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nami Inoue
- Department of Pediatrics, Tokushima University Hospital, Tokushima, Japan
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Hypercalcaemia induced by tumour-derived parathyroid hormone-related protein and multiple cytokines in diffuse large B cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified. Pathology 2011; 43:742-5. [DOI: 10.1097/pat.0b013e32834c83a0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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18
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Broadhead ML, Clark JCM, Myers DE, Dass CR, Choong PFM. The molecular pathogenesis of osteosarcoma: a review. Sarcoma 2011; 2011:959248. [PMID: 21559216 PMCID: PMC3087974 DOI: 10.1155/2011/959248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 251] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2010] [Accepted: 02/21/2011] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignancy of bone. It arises in bone during periods of rapid growth and primarily affects adolescents and young adults. The 5-year survival rate for osteosarcoma is 60%-70%, with no significant improvements in prognosis since the advent of multiagent chemotherapy. Diagnosis, staging, and surgical management of osteosarcoma remain focused on our anatomical understanding of the disease. As our knowledge of the molecular pathogenesis of osteosarcoma expands, potential therapeutic targets are being identified. A comprehensive understanding of these mechanisms is essential if we are to improve the prognosis of patients with osteosarcoma through tumour-targeted therapies. This paper will outline the pathogenic mechanisms of osteosarcoma oncogenesis and progression and will discuss some of the more frontline translational studies performed to date in search of novel, safer, and more targeted drugs for disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew L. Broadhead
- Department of Orthopaedics, Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, St. Vincent's Hospital, SVHM, L3, Daly Wing, 35 Victoria Parade, Fitzroy VIC 3065, Australia
| | - Jonathan C. M. Clark
- Department of Orthopaedics, Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, St. Vincent's Hospital, SVHM, L3, Daly Wing, 35 Victoria Parade, Fitzroy VIC 3065, Australia
| | - Damian E. Myers
- Department of Orthopaedics, Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, St. Vincent's Hospital, SVHM, L3, Daly Wing, 35 Victoria Parade, Fitzroy VIC 3065, Australia
| | - Crispin R. Dass
- School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Victoria University, St. Albans, VIC 3021, Australia
| | - Peter F. M. Choong
- Department of Orthopaedics, Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, St. Vincent's Hospital, SVHM, L3, Daly Wing, 35 Victoria Parade, Fitzroy VIC 3065, Australia
- Sarcoma Service, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, VIC 3002, Australia
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Sherafat-Kazemzadeh R, Schroeder JK, Kessler CA, Handwerger S. Parathyroid hormone-like hormone (PTHLH) represses decidualization of human uterine fibroblast cells by an autocrine/paracrine mechanism. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2011; 96:509-14. [PMID: 21068146 PMCID: PMC3048318 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2010-1790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Parathyroid hormone-like hormone (PTHLH) is abundantly expressed by human endometrial stromal cells during decidualization. However, the role for PTHLH in the decidualization process is unknown. OBJECTIVE To examine the effects of PTHLH on the induction and maintenance of decidualization of human uterine fibroblast (HUF) cells in vitro. DESIGN HUF cells were treated with a PTHLH siRNA or a PTHLH receptor antagonist (bPTH(7-34)) before or after decidualization with medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA), estradiol (E(2)), and prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)). Decidualization was monitored by immunocytochemistry and the induction of decidualization-specific marker genes, including IGFBP-1, prolactin, lefty, and transcription factor FOXO1. RESULTS HUF cells decidualized after pretreatment with a PTHLH siRNA showed greater morphologic changes of decidualization, greater IGFBP-1 protein, and two- to threefold more IGFBP-1, prolactin, lefty, and FOXO1 mRNAs than cells pretreated with a nonsilencing RNA. The PTHLH siRNA pretreated cells also had 31% less DNA fragmentation (TUNEL assay) and 30-35% less caspase 3 levels during decidualization than cells pretreated treated with nonsilencing RNA. Treatment of HUF cells with PTHLH siRNA or bPTH(7-34) at 9 d after the induction of decidualization also resulted in 2.1- to 3.2-fold greater IGFBP-1, prolactin, lefty, and FOXO1 mRNA levels than that noted in control cells treated with nonsilencing RNA. CONCLUSIONS These finding strongly suggest that PTHLH represses the induction of human decidualization, stimulates stromal cell apoptosis, and limits the extent of uterine stromal cell differentiation. Because PTHLH and its receptor are expressed by HUF cells and placental cells, the inhibitory effect of PTHLH on decidualization appears to be due, at least in part, to an autocrine/paracrine mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Sherafat-Kazemzadeh
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati and Division of Endocrinology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229, USA
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TNFα cooperates with IFN-γ to repress Bcl-xL expression to sensitize metastatic colon carcinoma cells to TRAIL-mediated apoptosis. PLoS One 2011; 6:e16241. [PMID: 21264227 PMCID: PMC3022032 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0016241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2010] [Accepted: 12/08/2010] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is an immune effector molecule that functions as a selective anti-tumor agent. However, tumor cells, especially metastatic tumor cells often exhibit a TRAIL-resistant phenotype, which is currently a major impediment in TRAIL therapy. The aim of this study is to investigate the synergistic effect of TNFα and IFN-γ in sensitizing metastatic colon carcinoma cells to TRAIL-mediated apoptosis. Methodology/Principal Findings The efficacy and underlying molecular mechanism of cooperation between TNFα and IFN-γ in sensitizing metastatic colon carcinoma cells to TRAIL-mediated apoptosis were examined. The functional significance of TNFα- and IFN-γ-producing T lymphocyte immunotherapy in combination with TRAIL therapy in suppression of colon carcinoma metastasis was determined in an experimental metastasis mouse model. We observed that TNFα or IFN-γ alone exhibits minimal sensitization effects, but effectively sensitized metastatic colon carcinoma cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis when used in combination. TNFα and IFN-γ cooperate to repress Bcl-xL expression, whereas TNFα represses Survivin expression in the metastatic colon carcinoma cells. Silencing Bcl-xL expression significantly increased the metastatic colon carcinoma cell sensitivity to TRAIL-induced apoptosis. Conversely, overexpression of Bcl-xL significantly decreased the tumor cell sensitivity to TRAIL-induced apoptosis. Furthermore, TNFα and IFN-γ also synergistically enhanced TRAIL-induced caspase-8 activation. TNFα and IFN-γ was up-regulated in activated primary and tumor-specific T cells. TRAIL was expressed in tumor-infiltrating immune cells in vivo, and in tumor-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) ex vivo. Consequently, TRAIL therapy in combination with TNFα/IFN-γ-producing CTL adoptive transfer immunotherapy effectively suppressed colon carcinoma metastasis in vivo. Conclusions/Significance TNFα and IFN-γ cooperate to overcome TRAIL resistance at least partially through enhancing caspase 8 activation and repressing Bcl-xL expression. Combined CTL immunotherapy and TRAIL therapy hold great promise for further development for the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer.
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Parathyroid hormone related protein (PTHrP) in tumor progression. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2011; 720:145-60. [PMID: 21901625 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4614-0254-1_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) is widely expressed in fetal and adult tissues and is a key regulator for cellular calcium transport and smooth muscle cell contractility, as well as a crucial control factor in cell proliferation, development and differentiation. PTHrP stimulates or inhibits apoptosis in an autocrine/paracrine and intracrine fashion, and is particularly important for hair follicle and bone development, mammary epithelial development and tooth eruption. PTHrP's dysregulated expression has traditionally been associated with oncogenic pathologies as the major causative agent of malignancy-associated hypercalcemia, but recent evidence revealed a driving role in skeletal metastasis progression. Here, we demonstrate that PTHrP is also closely involved in breast cancer initiation, growth and metastasis through mechanisms separate from its bone turnover action, and we suggest that PTHrP as a facilitator of oncogenes would be a novel target for therapeutic purposes.
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22
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Current world literature. Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes 2010; 17:568-80. [PMID: 21030841 DOI: 10.1097/med.0b013e328341311d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Li J, Wang G, Liu J, Zhou L, Dong M, Wang R, Li X, Li X, Lin C, Niu Y. Puerarin attenuates amyloid-beta-induced cognitive impairment through suppression of apoptosis in rat hippocampus in vivo. Eur J Pharmacol 2010; 649:195-201. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2010.09.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2010] [Revised: 07/04/2010] [Accepted: 09/14/2010] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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