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Pecksen E, Tkachuk S, Schröder C, Vives Enrich M, Neog A, Johnson CP, Lachmann N, Haller H, Kiyan Y. Monocytes prevent apoptosis of iPSCs and promote differentiation of kidney organoids. Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 15:132. [PMID: 38702808 PMCID: PMC11069262 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-024-03739-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs)-derived kidney organoids are a promising model for studying disease mechanisms and renal development. Despite several protocols having been developed, further improvements are needed to overcome existing limitations and enable a wider application of this model. One of the approaches to improve the differentiation of renal organoids in vitro is to include in the system cell types important for kidney organogenesis in vivo, such as macrophages. Another approach could be to improve cell survival. Mesodermal lineage differentiation is the common initial step of the reported protocols. The glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) activity inhibitor, CHIR99021 (CHIR), is applied to induce mesodermal differentiation. It has been reported that CHIR simultaneously induces iPSCs apoptosis that can compromise cell differentiation. We thought to interfere with CHIR-induced apoptosis of iPSCs using rapamycin. METHODS Differentiation of kidney organoids from human iPSCs was performed. Cell survival and autophagy were analyzed using Cell counting kit 8 (CCK8) kit and Autophagy detection kit. Cells were treated with rapamycin or co-cultured with human monocytes isolated from peripheral blood or iPSCs-macrophages using a transwell co-culture system. Monocyte-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) were isolated using polyethylene glycol precipitation. Expression of apoptotic markers cleaved Caspase 3, Poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 1 (PARP-1) and markers of differentiation T-Box Transcription Factor 6 (TBX6), odd-skipped related 1 (OSR1), Nephrin, E-Cadherin, Paired box gene 2 (Pax2) and GATA Binding Protein 3 (Gata3) was assessed by RT-PCR and western blotting. Organoids were imaged by 3D-confocal microscopy. RESULTS We observed that CHIR induced apoptosis of iPSCs during the initial stage of renal organoid differentiation. Underlying mechanisms implied the accumulation of reactive oxygen species and decreased autophagy. Activation of autophagy by rapamacin and by an indirect co-culture of differentiating iPSCs with iPSCs-macrophages and human peripheral blood monocytes prevented apoptosis induced by CHIR. Furthermore, monocytes (but not rapamycin) strongly promoted expression of renal differentiation markers and organoids development via released extracellular vesicles. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that co-culturing of iPSCs with human monocytes strongly improves differentiation of kidney organoids. An underlying mechanism of monocytic action implies, but not limited to, an increased autophagy in CHIR-treated iPSCs. Our findings enhance the utility of kidney organoid models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Pecksen
- Clinics for Kidney and Hypertension Disease, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Sergey Tkachuk
- Clinics for Kidney and Hypertension Disease, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Cristoph Schröder
- Clinics for Kidney and Hypertension Disease, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Marc Vives Enrich
- Clinics for Kidney and Hypertension Disease, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Mount Desert Island Biological Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine, USA
| | - Anindita Neog
- Clinics for Kidney and Hypertension Disease, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Mount Desert Island Biological Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine, USA
| | - Cory P Johnson
- Mount Desert Island Biological Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine, USA
| | - Niko Lachmann
- Department of Pediatric Pneumology Allergology and Neonatology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine ITEM, Hannover, Germany
| | - Hermann Haller
- Clinics for Kidney and Hypertension Disease, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Mount Desert Island Biological Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine, USA
| | - Yulia Kiyan
- Clinics for Kidney and Hypertension Disease, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
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Koh UN, Lee JH, Kang HJ, Joo KM, Lee JC, Lim SK. Application of RapidHIT™ ID for cell authentication by fast and convenient STR profiling. Genes Genomics 2023; 45:1263-1271. [PMID: 37133720 DOI: 10.1007/s13258-023-01388-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As cell therapies are injected directly into the body, cell authentication is essential. Short tandem repeat (STR) profiling is used for human identification in forensics as well as for cell authentication. The standard methodology (DNA extraction, quantification, polymerase chain reaction, and capillary electrophoresis) takes at least 6 h and requires several instruments to obtain an STR profile. RapidHIT™ ID is a single automated instrument that provides an STR profile in 90 min. OBJECTIVE In this study, we aimed to propose a method to use RapidHIT™ ID for cell authentication. METHODS Four types of cells which are used for cell therapy or in the production process were used. The sensitivity of STR profiling was compared by the cell type and cell count using RapidHIT™ ID. Moreover, the effect of preservation solutions, pre-treatment with cell lysis solution, proteinase K, Flinders Technology Associates (FTA) cards, and dried or wet cotton swabs (with a single cell type or a mixture of two) were examined. The results were compared to those obtained by the standard methodology using genetic analyzer ThermoFisher SeqStudio. RESULTS We accomplished a high sensitivity through our proposed method that can benefit cytology laboratories. Although the pre-treatment process affected the quality of the STR profile, other variables did not significantly affect STR profiling. CONCLUSION As a result of the experiment, RapidHIT™ ID can be used as a faster and simpler instrument for cell authentication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Un Na Koh
- Department of Forensic Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Ji Hyun Lee
- Thermo Fisher Scientific Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyoung Jin Kang
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Seoul National University Cancer Research Institute, Seoul, South Korea
- Wide River Institute of Immunology, Hongcheon, South Korea
| | - Kyeung Min Joo
- Biomedical Institute for Convergence at Sungkyunkwan University (BICS), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
- Single Cell Network Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Center, Research Institute for Future Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae Cheol Lee
- Biomedical Institute for Convergence at Sungkyunkwan University (BICS), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Si-Keun Lim
- Department of Forensic Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea.
- Biomedical Institute for Convergence at Sungkyunkwan University (BICS), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea.
- Convergence Bio Forensic Institute, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea.
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Guo F, Kan K, Rückert F, Rückert W, Li L, Eberhard J, May T, Sticht C, Dirks WG, Reißfelder C, Pallavi P, Keese M. Comparison of Tumour-Specific Phenotypes in Human Primary and Expandable Pancreatic Cancer Cell Lines. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13530. [PMID: 37686338 PMCID: PMC10488093 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
There is an ongoing need for patient-specific chemotherapy for pancreatic cancer. Tumour cells isolated from human tissues can be used to predict patients' response to chemotherapy. However, the isolation and maintenance of pancreatic cancer cells is challenging because these cells become highly vulnerable after losing the tumour microenvironment. Therefore, we investigated whether the cells retained their original characteristics after lentiviral transfection and expansion. Three human primary pancreatic cancer cell lines were lentivirally transduced to create expandable (Ex) cells which were then compared with primary (Pri) cells. No obvious differences in the morphology or epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) were observed between the primary and expandable cell lines. The two expandable cell lines showed higher proliferation rates in the 2D and 3D models. All three expandable cell lines showed attenuated migratory ability. Differences in gene expression between primary and expandable cell lines were then compared using RNA-Seq data. Potential target drugs were predicted by differentially expressed genes (DEGs), and differentially expressed pathways (DEPs) related to tumour-specific characteristics such as proliferation, migration, EMT, drug resistance, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were investigated using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) database. We found that the two expandable cell lines expressed similar chemosensitivity and redox-regulatory capability to gemcitabine and oxaliplatin in the 2D model as compared to their counterparts. In conclusion, we successfully generated expandable primary pancreatic cancer cell lines using lentiviral transduction. These expandable cells not only retain some tumour-specific biological traits of primary cells but also show an ongoing proliferative capacity, thereby yielding sufficient material for drug response assays, which may provide a patient-specific platform for chemotherapy drug screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Guo
- Department of Surgery, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany; (F.G.); (K.K.); (L.L.); (J.E.); (C.R.)
| | - Kejia Kan
- Department of Surgery, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany; (F.G.); (K.K.); (L.L.); (J.E.); (C.R.)
- European Center of Angioscience ECAS, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Felix Rückert
- Surgical Department, Diakonissen Krankenhaus Speyer, 67346 Speyer, Germany;
| | - Wolfgang Rückert
- Ingenieurbüro Dr. Ing. Rückert Data Analysis, Kirchweg 4, 57647 Nistertal, Germany;
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Surgery, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany; (F.G.); (K.K.); (L.L.); (J.E.); (C.R.)
- European Center of Angioscience ECAS, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Johannes Eberhard
- Department of Surgery, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany; (F.G.); (K.K.); (L.L.); (J.E.); (C.R.)
| | - Tobias May
- InSCREENeX GmbH, Inhoffenstr. 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany;
| | - Carsten Sticht
- Next Generation Sequencing Core Facility, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany;
| | - Wilhelm G. Dirks
- Leibniz Institute DSMZ, German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures GmbH, Inhoffenstraße 7B, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany;
| | - Christoph Reißfelder
- Department of Surgery, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany; (F.G.); (K.K.); (L.L.); (J.E.); (C.R.)
| | - Prama Pallavi
- Department of Surgery, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany; (F.G.); (K.K.); (L.L.); (J.E.); (C.R.)
- European Center of Angioscience ECAS, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Michael Keese
- European Center of Angioscience ECAS, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Theresienkrankenhaus, 68165 Mannheim, Germany
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Establishment and Molecular Characterization of Two Patient-Derived Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Cell Lines as Preclinical Models for Treatment Response. Cells 2023; 12:cells12040587. [PMID: 36831254 PMCID: PMC9954561 DOI: 10.3390/cells12040587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The prognosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is exceedingly poor. Although surgical resection is the only curative treatment option, multimodal treatment is of the utmost importance, as only about 20% of tumors are primarily resectable at the time of diagnosis. The choice of chemotherapeutic treatment regimens involving gemcitabine and FOLFIRINOX is currently solely based on the patient's performance status, but, ideally, it should be based on the tumors' individual biology. We established two novel patient-derived primary cell lines from surgical PDAC specimens. LuPanc-1 and LuPanc-2 were derived from a pT3, pN1, G2 and a pT3, pN2, G3 tumor, respectively, and the clinical follow-up was fully annotated. STR-genotyping revealed a unique profile for both cell lines. The population doubling time of LuPanc-2 was substantially longer than that of LuPanc-1 (84 vs. 44 h). Both cell lines exhibited a typical epithelial morphology and expressed moderate levels of CK7 and E-cadherin. LuPanc-1, but not LuPanc-2, co-expressed E-cadherin and vimentin at the single-cell level, suggesting a mixed epithelial-mesenchymal differentiation. LuPanc-1 had a missense mutation (p.R282W) and LuPanc-2 had a frameshift deletion (p.P89X) in TP53. BRCA2 was nonsense-mutated (p.Q780*) and CREBBP was missense-mutated (p.P279R) in LuPanc-1. CDKN2A was missense-mutated (p.H83Y) in LuPanc-2. Notably, only LuPanc-2 harbored a partial or complete deletion of DPC4. LuPanc-1 cells exhibited high basal and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1-induced migratory activity in real-time cell migration assays, while LuPanc-2 was refractory. Both LuPanc-1 and LuPanc-2 cells responded to treatment with TGF-β1 with the activation of SMAD2; however, only LuPanc-1 cells were able to induce TGF-β1 target genes, which is consistent with the absence of DPC4 in LuPanc-2 cells. Both cell lines were able to form spheres in a semi-solid medium and in cell viability assays, LuPanc-1 cells were more sensitive than LuPanc-2 cells to treatment with gemcitabine and FOLFIRINOX. In summary, both patient-derived cell lines show distinct molecular phenotypes reflecting their individual tumor biology, with a unique clinical annotation of the respective patients. These preclinical ex vivo models can be further explored for potential new treatment strategies and might help in developing personalized (targeted) therapy regimens.
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Koblitz J, Dirks WG, Eberth S, Nagel S, Steenpass L, Pommerenke C. DSMZCellDive: Diving into high-throughput cell line data. F1000Res 2022; 11:420. [PMID: 35949917 PMCID: PMC9334839 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.111175.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Human and animal cell lines serve as model systems in a wide range of life sciences such as cancer and infection research or drug screening. Reproducible data are highly dependent on authenticated, contaminant-free cell lines, no better delivered than by the official and certified biorepositories. Offering a web portal to high-throughput information on these model systems will facilitate working with and comparing to these references by data otherwise dispersed at different sources. We here provide DSMZCellDive to access a comprehensive data source on human and animal cell lines, freely available at celldive.dsmz.de. A wide variety of data sources are generated such as RNA-seq transcriptome data and STR (short tandem repeats) profiles. Several starting points ease entering the database via browsing, searching or visualising. This web tool is designed for further expansion on meta and high-throughput data to be generated in future. Explicated examples for the power of this novel tool include analysis of B-cell differentiation markers, homeo-oncogene expression, and measurement of genomic loss of heterozygosities by an enlarged STR panel of 17 loci. Sharing the data on cell lines by the biorepository itself will be of benefit to the scientific community since it (1) supports the selection of appropriate model cell lines, (2) ensures reliability, (3) avoids misleading data, (4) saves on additional experimentals, and (5) serves as reference for genomic and gene expression data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Koblitz
- Leibniz Institute DSMZ - German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig, 38124, Germany
| | - Wilhelm G. Dirks
- Leibniz Institute DSMZ - German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig, 38124, Germany
| | - Sonja Eberth
- Leibniz Institute DSMZ - German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig, 38124, Germany
| | - Stefan Nagel
- Leibniz Institute DSMZ - German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig, 38124, Germany
| | - Laura Steenpass
- Leibniz Institute DSMZ - German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig, 38124, Germany
| | - Claudia Pommerenke
- Leibniz Institute DSMZ - German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig, 38124, Germany
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Subtil FSB, Gröbner C, Recknagel N, Parplys AC, Kohl S, Arenz A, Eberle F, Dikomey E, Engenhart-Cabillic R, Schötz U. Dual PI3K/mTOR Inhibitor NVP-BEZ235 Leads to a Synergistic Enhancement of Cisplatin and Radiation in Both HPV-Negative and -Positive HNSCC Cell Lines. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14133160. [PMID: 35804930 PMCID: PMC9265133 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14133160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Head and neck cancers (HNSCCs), especially in the advanced stages, are predominantly treated by radiochemotherapy, including cisplatin. The cure rates are clearly higher for HPV-positive HNSCCs when compared to HPV-negative HNSCCs. For both entities, this treatment is accompanied by serious adverse reactions, mainly due to cisplatin administration. We reported earlier that for both HPV-positive and negative HNSCC cells, the effect of radiotherapy was strongly enhanced when pretreated using the dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitor NVP-BEZ235 (BEZ235). The current study shows that for HPV-positive cells, BEZ235 will strongly enhance the effect of cisplatin alone. More important, preincubation with BEZ235 was found to alter the purely additive effect normally seen when cisplatin is combined with radiation into a strong synergistic enhancement. This tri-modal combination might allow for the enhancement of the effect of radiochemotherapy, even with reduced cisplatin. Abstract The standard of care for advanced head and neck cancers (HNSCCs) is radiochemotherapy, including cisplatin. This treatment results in a cure rate of approximately 85% for oropharyngeal HPV-positive HNSCCs, in contrast to only 50% for HPV-negative HNSCCs, and is accompanied by severe side effects for both entities. Therefore, innovative treatment modalities are required, resulting in a better outcome for HPV-negative HNSCCs, and lowering the adverse effects for both entities. The effect of the dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitor NVP-BEZ235 on a combined treatment with cisplatin and radiation was studied in six HPV-negative and six HPV-positive HNSCC cell lines. Cisplatin alone was slightly more effective in HPV-positive cells. This could be attributed to a defect in homologous recombination, as demonstrated by depleting RAD51. Solely for HPV-positive cells, pretreatment with BEZ235 resulted in enhanced cisplatin sensitivity. For the combination of cisplatin and radiation, additive effects were observed. However, when pretreated with BEZ235, this combination changed into a synergistic interaction, with a slightly stronger enhancement for HPV-positive cells. This increase could be attributed to a diminished degree of DSB repair in G1, as visualized via the detection of γH2AX/53BP1 foci. BEZ235 can be used to enhance the effect of combined treatment with cisplatin and radiation in both HPV-negative and -positive HNSCCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florentine S. B. Subtil
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiooncology, Philipps-University, 35043 Marburg, Germany; (F.S.B.S.); (C.G.); (N.R.); (A.C.P.); (S.K.); (A.A.); (F.E.); (E.D.); (R.E.-C.)
| | - Carolin Gröbner
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiooncology, Philipps-University, 35043 Marburg, Germany; (F.S.B.S.); (C.G.); (N.R.); (A.C.P.); (S.K.); (A.A.); (F.E.); (E.D.); (R.E.-C.)
| | - Niklas Recknagel
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiooncology, Philipps-University, 35043 Marburg, Germany; (F.S.B.S.); (C.G.); (N.R.); (A.C.P.); (S.K.); (A.A.); (F.E.); (E.D.); (R.E.-C.)
| | - Ann Christin Parplys
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiooncology, Philipps-University, 35043 Marburg, Germany; (F.S.B.S.); (C.G.); (N.R.); (A.C.P.); (S.K.); (A.A.); (F.E.); (E.D.); (R.E.-C.)
| | - Sibylla Kohl
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiooncology, Philipps-University, 35043 Marburg, Germany; (F.S.B.S.); (C.G.); (N.R.); (A.C.P.); (S.K.); (A.A.); (F.E.); (E.D.); (R.E.-C.)
| | - Andrea Arenz
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiooncology, Philipps-University, 35043 Marburg, Germany; (F.S.B.S.); (C.G.); (N.R.); (A.C.P.); (S.K.); (A.A.); (F.E.); (E.D.); (R.E.-C.)
| | - Fabian Eberle
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiooncology, Philipps-University, 35043 Marburg, Germany; (F.S.B.S.); (C.G.); (N.R.); (A.C.P.); (S.K.); (A.A.); (F.E.); (E.D.); (R.E.-C.)
| | - Ekkehard Dikomey
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiooncology, Philipps-University, 35043 Marburg, Germany; (F.S.B.S.); (C.G.); (N.R.); (A.C.P.); (S.K.); (A.A.); (F.E.); (E.D.); (R.E.-C.)
- Laboratory of Radiobiology & Experimental Radiooncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Rita Engenhart-Cabillic
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiooncology, Philipps-University, 35043 Marburg, Germany; (F.S.B.S.); (C.G.); (N.R.); (A.C.P.); (S.K.); (A.A.); (F.E.); (E.D.); (R.E.-C.)
| | - Ulrike Schötz
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiooncology, Philipps-University, 35043 Marburg, Germany; (F.S.B.S.); (C.G.); (N.R.); (A.C.P.); (S.K.); (A.A.); (F.E.); (E.D.); (R.E.-C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-6421-28-21978
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Souren NY, Fusenig NE, Heck S, Dirks WG, Capes-Davis A, Bianchini F, Plass C. Cell line authentication: a necessity for reproducible biomedical research. EMBO J 2022; 41:e111307. [PMID: 35758134 PMCID: PMC9289526 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2022111307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Immortalized or continuous cell lines are invaluable tools in basic and preclinical research. However, the widespread use of misidentified cell lines is a serious threat to scientific reproducibility. Based on the experiences of mandatory cell line authentication at the International Journal of Cancer (IJC), we provide an overview of the issues pertinent to misidentified cell lines and discuss available solutions. We also summarize the lessons learned, revealing that at least 5% of the human cell lines used in manuscripts considered for peer review are misidentified. About 4% of the considered manuscripts are rejected for severe cell line problems, and most are subsequently published in other journals. In order to diminish such malpractice and its consequences for the scientific record, we postulate that strict multi-layered quality control is essential. Besides journals and publishers, we encourage scientists, research institutions, and funders to take action on the matter and revise their respective policies. Hence, we provide concrete recommendations on introducing regular authentication schemes and staff training, and discuss future steps for enhancing good cell culture practices.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Stefanie Heck
- International Journal of Cancer, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Wilhelm G Dirks
- Leibniz-Institute DSMZ - Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Amanda Capes-Davis
- CellBank Australia, Children's Medical Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Christoph Plass
- International Journal of Cancer, Heidelberg, Germany.,Division of Cancer Epigenomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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8
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Li Y, Bidmeshki MM, Kang T, Nowak CM, Makris Y, Bleris L. Genetic physical unclonable functions in human cells. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabm4106. [PMID: 35507652 PMCID: PMC9067934 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abm4106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A physical unclonable function (PUF) is a physical entity that provides a measurable output that can be used as a unique and irreproducible identifier for the artifact wherein it is embedded. Popularized by the electronics industry, silicon PUFs leverage the inherent physical variations of semiconductor manufacturing to establish intrinsic security primitives for attesting integrated circuits. Owing to the stochastic nature of these variations, photolithographically manufactured silicon PUFs are impossible to reproduce (thus unclonable). Inspired by the success of silicon PUFs, we sought to create the first generation of genetic PUFs in human cells. We demonstrate that these PUFs are robust (i.e., they repeatedly produce the same output), unique (i.e., they do not coincide with any other identically produced PUF), and unclonable (i.e., they are virtually impossible to replicate). Furthermore, we demonstrate that CRISPR-engineered PUFs (CRISPR-PUFs) can serve as a foundational principle for establishing provenance attestation protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Li
- Bioengineering Department, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
- Center for Systems Biology, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
| | - Mohammad Mahdi Bidmeshki
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
| | - Taek Kang
- Bioengineering Department, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
- Center for Systems Biology, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
| | - Chance M. Nowak
- Bioengineering Department, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
- Center for Systems Biology, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
| | - Yiorgos Makris
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
| | - Leonidas Bleris
- Bioengineering Department, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
- Center for Systems Biology, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
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9
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Tiwari DK, Hannen R, Unger K, Kohl S, Heß J, Lauber K, Subtil FSB, Dikomey E, Engenhart-Cabillic R, Schötz U. IL1 Pathway in HPV-Negative HNSCC Cells Is an Indicator of Radioresistance After Photon and Carbon Ion Irradiation Without Functional Involvement. Front Oncol 2022; 12:878675. [PMID: 35530351 PMCID: PMC9072779 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.878675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Treatment of locally advanced HPV-negative head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) with photon radiation is the standard of care but shows only moderate success. Alterations in response toward DNA DSB repair, apoptosis, and senescence are underlying determinants of radioresistance in the tumor cells. Recently, senescence and the associated secretory phenotype (SASP) came into the focus of research and raised the need to identify the tumor-promoting molecular mechanisms of the SASP. The aim of this project was to unravel more of this process and to understand the impact of the IL1 pathway, which plays a major role in SASP. The studies were performed for photon and 12C-ion irradiation, which strongly vary in their effect on radioresistance. Materials and Methods A panel of five HPV-negative HNSCC cell lines was treated with photon and 12C-ion irradiation and examined for clonogenic survival, DNA DSB repair, and senescence. SASP and IL1 gene expressions were determined by RNA sequencing and activation of the IL1 pathway by ELISA. A functional impact of IL1A and IL1B was examined by specific siRNA knockdown. Results Cell killing and residual DSBs were higher after 12C-ion than after photon irradiation. 12C-ion induced more senescence with a significant correlation with cell survival. The impact on radioresistance appears to be less than after photon irradiation. The expression of SASP-related genes and the IL1 pathway are strongly induced by both types of irradiation and correlate with radioresistance and senescence, especially IL1A and IL1B which exhibit excellent associations. Surprisingly, knockdown of IL1A and IL1B revealed that the IL1 pathway is functionally not involved in radioresistance, DSB repair, or induction of senescence. Conclusions IL1A and IL1B are excellent indicators of cellular radioresistance and senescence in HNSCC cells without functional involvement in these processes. Clearly more research is needed to understand the molecular mechanisms of senescence and SASP and its impact on radioresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh Kumar Tiwari
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiooncology, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Ricarda Hannen
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiooncology, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Kristian Unger
- Research Unit Radiation Cytogenetics, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) München, Munich, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Group “Personalized Radiotherapy in Head and Neck Cancer”, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Sibylla Kohl
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiooncology, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Julia Heß
- Research Unit Radiation Cytogenetics, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) München, Munich, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Group “Personalized Radiotherapy in Head and Neck Cancer”, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Kirsten Lauber
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) München, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Ekkehard Dikomey
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiooncology, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | | | - Ulrike Schötz
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiooncology, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- *Correspondence: Ulrike Schötz,
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10
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Gu M, Yang M, He J, Xia S, Zhang Z, Wang Y, Zheng C, Shen C. A silver lining in cell line authentication: Short tandem repeat analysis of 1373 cases in China from 2010 to 2019. Int J Cancer 2021; 150:502-508. [PMID: 34469590 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.33789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Continuous cell lines are practical models that are widely used in the study of disease mechanisms and particularly cancers. However, the issue of cell line cross-contamination has existed since the 1960s, despite repeated advocation for cell line authentication by many experts. Furthermore, cell line abuse has been underestimated and underreported. The China Center for Type Culture Collection (CCTCC) received 1373 cell samples for authentication from 2010 to 2019, and has found that the quality of cell lines has improved during this time, offering a positive outlook for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meijia Gu
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Meimei Yang
- China Center for Type Culture Collection, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jing He
- China Center for Type Culture Collection, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Sixuan Xia
- China Center for Type Culture Collection, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- China Center for Type Culture Collection, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yudong Wang
- China Center for Type Culture Collection, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Congyi Zheng
- China Center for Type Culture Collection, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Chao Shen
- China Center for Type Culture Collection, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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11
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Kumar U, Hu Y, Masrour N, Castellanos-Uribe M, Harrod A, May ST, Ali S, Speirs V, Coombes RC, Yagüe E. MicroRNA-495/TGF-β/FOXC1 axis regulates multidrug resistance in metaplastic breast cancer cells. Biochem Pharmacol 2021; 192:114692. [PMID: 34298004 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2021.114692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Triple-negative metaplastic breast carcinoma (MBC) poses a significant treatment challenge due to lack of targeted therapies and chemotherapy resistance. We isolated a novel MBC cell line, BAS, which showed a molecular and phenotypic profile different from the only other metaplastic cell model, HS578T cells. To gain insight behind chemotherapeutic resistance, we generated doxorubicin (HS-DOX, BAS-DOX) and paclitaxel (HS-TX, BAS-TX) resistant derivatives of both cell lines. Drug sensitivity assays indicated a truly multidrug resistant (MDR) phenotype. Both BAS-DOX and BAS-TX showed up-regulation of FOXC1 and its experimental down-regulation re-sensitized cells to doxorubicin and paclitaxel. Experimental modulation of FOXC1 expression in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells corroborated its role in MDR. Genome-wide expression analyses identified gene expression signatures characterized by up-regulation of TGFB2, which encodes cytokine TGF-β2, in both BAS-DOX and BAS-TX cells. Pharmacological inhibition of the TGF-β pathway with galunisertib led to down-regulation of FOXC1 and increase in drug sensitivity in both BAS-DOX and BAS-TX cells. MicroRNA (miR) expression analyses identified high endogenous miR-495-3p levels in BAS cells that were downregulated in both BAS MDR cells. Transient expression of miR-495-3p mimic in BAS-DOX and BAS-TX cells caused downregulation of TGFB2 and FOXC1 and re-sensitized cells to doxorubicin and paclitaxel, whereas miR-495-3p inhibition in BAS cells led to increase in resistance to both drugs and up-regulation of TGFB2 and FOXC1. Together, these data suggest interplay between miR-495-3p, TGF-β2 and FOXC1 regulating MDR in MBC and open the exploration of novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uttom Kumar
- Division of Cancer, Imperial College Faculty of Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Yunhui Hu
- The 3(rd) Department of Breast Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Huan Hu Xi Road, Ti Yuan Bei, He Xi District, Tianjin 300060, PR China; GeneNet Pharmaceuticals Co. Ltd., Ting Jiang Road, Bei Chen District, Tianjin, 300410, PR China
| | - Nahal Masrour
- Division of Cancer, Imperial College Faculty of Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Marcos Castellanos-Uribe
- Nottingham Arabidopsis Stock Centre, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington campus, Loughborough LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Alison Harrod
- Epigenetics and Genome Stability Team, The Institute of Cancer Research, 237 Fulham Road, London SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Sean T May
- Nottingham Arabidopsis Stock Centre, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington campus, Loughborough LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Simak Ali
- Division of Cancer, Imperial College Faculty of Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Valerie Speirs
- Institute of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB24 2XD, UK
| | - R Charles Coombes
- Division of Cancer, Imperial College Faculty of Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Ernesto Yagüe
- Division of Cancer, Imperial College Faculty of Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK.
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12
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Dirks WG, Capes-Davis A, Eberth S, Fähnrich S, Wilting J, Nagel S, Steenpass L, Becker J. Cross contamination meets misclassification: Awakening of CHP-100 from sleeping beauty sleep-A reviewed model for Ewing's sarcoma. Int J Cancer 2021; 148:2608-2613. [PMID: 33460449 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.33474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A human cell line of neuroblastic tissue, which was believed to have been lost to science due to its unavailability in public repositories, is revived and reclassified. In the 1970s, a triple set of neuroblastoma (NB) cell lines became available for research as MYCN-amplified vs nonamplified models (CHP-126/-134 and CHP-100, respectively). Confusingly, CHP-100 was used in subsequent years as a model for NB and, since the 1990s, as a model for neuroepithelioma and later as a model for Ewing's sarcoma (ES), which inevitably led to non-reproducible results. A deposit at a bioresource center revealed that globally available stocks of CHP-100 were identical to the prominent NB cell line IMR-32 and CHP-100 was included into the list of misidentified cell lines. Now we report on the rediscovery of an authentic CHP-100 cell line and provide evidence of incorrect classification during establishment. We show that CHP-100 cells carry a t(11;22)(q24;q12) type II EWSR1-FLI1 fusion and identify it as a classic ES. Although the question of whether CHP-100 was a virtual and never existing cell line from the beginning is now clarified, the results of all relevant publications should be considered questionable. Neither the time of the cross-contamination event with IMR-32 is known nor was the final classification as a model for Ewing family of tumors available with an associated short tandem repeat profile. After a long road of errors and confusion, authentic CHP-100 is now characterized as a type II EWSR1-FLI1 fusion model 44 years after its establishment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilhelm Gerhard Dirks
- Leibniz-Institute DSMZ - Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Amanda Capes-Davis
- Cell Bank Australia, Children's Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sonja Eberth
- Leibniz-Institute DSMZ - Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Silke Fähnrich
- Leibniz-Institute DSMZ - Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Jörg Wilting
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University Medical School Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Stefan Nagel
- Leibniz-Institute DSMZ - Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Laura Steenpass
- Leibniz-Institute DSMZ - Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Jürgen Becker
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University Medical School Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
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13
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Malone CF, Dharia NV, Kugener G, Forman AB, Rothberg MV, Abdusamad M, Gonzalez A, Kuljanin M, Robichaud AL, Conway AS, Dempster JM, Paolella BR, Dumont N, Hovestadt V, Mancias JD, Younger ST, Root DE, Golub TR, Vazquez F, Stegmaier K. Selective Modulation of a Pan-Essential Protein as a Therapeutic Strategy in Cancer. Cancer Discov 2021; 11:2282-2299. [PMID: 33883167 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-20-1213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Cancer dependency maps, which use CRISPR/Cas9 depletion screens to profile the landscape of genetic dependencies in hundreds of cancer cell lines, have identified context-specific dependencies that could be therapeutically exploited. An ideal therapy is both lethal and precise, but these depletion screens cannot readily distinguish between gene effects that are cytostatic or cytotoxic. Here, we use a diverse panel of functional genomic screening assays to identify NXT1 as a selective and rapidly lethal in vivo relevant genetic dependency in MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma. NXT1 heterodimerizes with NXF1, and together they form the principal mRNA nuclear export machinery. We describe a previously unrecognized mechanism of synthetic lethality between NXT1 and its paralog NXT2: their common essential binding partner NXF1 is lost only in the absence of both. We propose a potential therapeutic strategy for tumor-selective elimination of a protein that, if targeted directly, is expected to cause widespread toxicity. SIGNIFICANCE: We provide a framework for identifying new therapeutic targets from functional genomic screens. We nominate NXT1 as a selective lethal target in neuroblastoma and propose a therapeutic approach where the essential protein NXF1 can be selectively eliminated in tumor cells by exploiting the NXT1-NXT2 paralog relationship.See related commentary by Wang and Abdel-Wahab, p. 2129.This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 2113.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clare F Malone
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Neekesh V Dharia
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Alexandra B Forman
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Mai Abdusamad
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | | | - Miljan Kuljanin
- Division of Radiation and Genome Stability, Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Amanda L Robichaud
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Amy Saur Conway
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | | | - Nancy Dumont
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Volker Hovestadt
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts.,Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Joseph D Mancias
- Division of Radiation and Genome Stability, Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Scott T Younger
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - David E Root
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Todd R Golub
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Kimberly Stegmaier
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts. .,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
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14
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Maroni G, Bassal MA, Krishnan I, Fhu CW, Savova V, Zilionis R, Maymi VA, Pandell N, Csizmadia E, Zhang J, Storti B, Castaño J, Panella R, Li J, Gustafson CE, Fox S, Levy RD, Meyerovitz CV, Tramontozzi PJ, Vermilya K, De Rienzo A, Crucitta S, Bassères DS, Weetall M, Branstrom A, Giorgetti A, Ciampi R, Del Re M, Danesi R, Bizzarri R, Yang H, Kocher O, Klein AM, Welner RS, Bueno R, Magli MC, Clohessy JG, Ali A, Tenen DG, Levantini E. Identification of a targetable KRAS-mutant epithelial population in non-small cell lung cancer. Commun Biol 2021; 4:370. [PMID: 33854168 PMCID: PMC8046784 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-01897-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths. Tumor heterogeneity, which hampers development of targeted therapies, was herein deconvoluted via single cell RNA sequencing in aggressive human adenocarcinomas (carrying Kras-mutations) and comparable murine model. We identified a tumor-specific, mutant-KRAS-associated subpopulation which is conserved in both human and murine lung cancer. We previously reported a key role for the oncogene BMI-1 in adenocarcinomas. We therefore investigated the effects of in vivo PTC596 treatment, which affects BMI-1 activity, in our murine model. Post-treatment, MRI analysis showed decreased tumor size, while single cell transcriptomics concomitantly detected near complete ablation of the mutant-KRAS-associated subpopulation, signifying the presence of a pharmacologically targetable, tumor-associated subpopulation. Our findings therefore hold promise for the development of a targeted therapy for KRAS-mutant adenocarcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Maroni
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council (CNR), Area della Ricerca di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Mahmoud A Bassal
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Chee Wai Fhu
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Virginia Savova
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rapolas Zilionis
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Valerie A Maymi
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Preclinical Murine Pharmacogenetics Core, Beth Israel Deaconess Cancer Center, Dana Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nicole Pandell
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Preclinical Murine Pharmacogenetics Core, Beth Israel Deaconess Cancer Center, Dana Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Eva Csizmadia
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Barbara Storti
- NEST, Scuola Normale Superiore and Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR, Pisa, Italy
| | - Julio Castaño
- Platform for Immunotherapy BST-Hospital Clinic, Banc de Sang i Teixits (BST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Riccardo Panella
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Desert Research Institute, Reno, NV, USA
| | - Jia Li
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Corinne E Gustafson
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, The Lung Center and the International Mesothelioma Program, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sam Fox
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, The Lung Center and the International Mesothelioma Program, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rachel D Levy
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, The Lung Center and the International Mesothelioma Program, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Claire V Meyerovitz
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, The Lung Center and the International Mesothelioma Program, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Peter J Tramontozzi
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, The Lung Center and the International Mesothelioma Program, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kimberly Vermilya
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, The Lung Center and the International Mesothelioma Program, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Assunta De Rienzo
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, The Lung Center and the International Mesothelioma Program, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stefania Crucitta
- Unit of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenetics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Daniela S Bassères
- Biochemistry Department, Chemistry Institute, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marla Weetall
- PTC Therapeutics, 100 Corporate Court, South Plainfield, NJ, USA
| | - Art Branstrom
- PTC Therapeutics, 100 Corporate Court, South Plainfield, NJ, USA
| | - Alessandra Giorgetti
- Cell Biology Unit, Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Stem Cell Biology and Leukemiogenesis Group, Regenerative Medicine Program, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge - IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raffaele Ciampi
- Endocrine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Marzia Del Re
- Unit of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Romano Danesi
- Unit of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenetics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Ranieri Bizzarri
- NEST, Scuola Normale Superiore and Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR, Pisa, Italy
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Henry Yang
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Olivier Kocher
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Allon M Klein
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Robert S Welner
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Medicine, Hemathology/Oncology, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Raphael Bueno
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, The Lung Center and the International Mesothelioma Program, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Maria Cristina Magli
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council (CNR), Area della Ricerca di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - John G Clohessy
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Preclinical Murine Pharmacogenetics Core, Beth Israel Deaconess Cancer Center, Dana Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Azhar Ali
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Daniel G Tenen
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| | - Elena Levantini
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council (CNR), Area della Ricerca di Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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15
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Molecular characteristics of established trophoblast-derived cell lines. Placenta 2021; 108:122-133. [PMID: 33810901 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2021.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Research on human placental development and function lacks a conclusive in vivo model. To investigate the intracellular molecular mechanisms in trophoblast cells, different cell lines have been established during the last decades. So far, none of these accomplishes all features of primary trophoblast, thus their suitability as well as the transferability of the results has been discussed. The aim of this study is to assess molecular markers and features matching different trophoblast subpopulations in trophoblastic cell lines to provide orientation on their suitability and relevance for distinct research questions. METHODS The commonly used trophoblastic cell lines, BeWo, JEG-3, HTR-8/SVneo, AC1-M59, AC1-M32, ACH-3P and Swan71 were selected. qPCR and immunoblotting were used to determine expression of characteristic molecular markers. C14MC, C19MC and miR-371-3 miRNA expression were investigated by real time PCR. Proliferation, migration and network stabilization assays were performed. Hormone secretion was determined by chemiluminescent-immunoassays. DNA profiles were obtained by Short Tandem Repeat (STR)-genotyping. RESULTS Immortalized cell lines differ from choriocarcinoma-derived ones in the expression of HLA-G, E-cadherin, N-cadherin, VE-cadherin, cadherin-11, cytokeratin 7, vimentin, ADAM12 and PRG2. Compared to choriocarcinoma-derived cell lines, expression of C19MC and hormone secretion were almost absent in immortalized cell lines. Conversely, they express C14MC and exhibit higher migration and network stabilization. DISCUSSION The data presented will help justify the use of a cell line to evaluate distinct features of trophoblast biology and pathology. In general, characteristics and markers of choriocarcinoma derived cell lines seem to be more similar to in vivo trophoblast than immortalized cell lines and thus might be regarded as more suitable models.
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16
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Synthesis, anticancer activity and molecular docking studies of N-deacetylthiocolchicine and 4-iodo-N-deacetylthiocolchicine derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem 2021; 32:116014. [PMID: 33465696 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2021.116014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Colchicine is a plant alkaloid with a broad spectrum of biological and pharmacological properties. It has found application as an anti-inflammatory agent and also shows anticancer effects through its ability to destabilize microtubules by preventing tubulin dimers from polymerizing leading to mitotic death. However, adverse side effects have so far restricted its use in cancer therapy. This has led to renewed efforts to identify less toxic derivatives. In this article, we describe the synthesis of a set of novel double- and triple-modified colchicine derivatives. These derivatives were tested against primary acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL-5) cells and several established cancer cell lines including A549, MCF-7, LoVo and LoVo/DX. The novel derivatives were active in the low nanomolar range, with 7-deacetyl-10-thiocolchicine analogues more potent towards ALL-5 cells while 4-iodo-7-deacetyl-10-thiocolchicine analogues slightly more effective towards the LoVo cell line. Moreover, most of the synthesized compounds showed a favorable selectivity index (SI), particularly for ALL-5 and LoVo cell lines. Cell cycle analysis of the most potent molecules on ALL-5 and MCF-7 cell lines revealed contrasting effects, where M-phase arrest was observed in MCF-7 cells but not in ALL-5 cells. Molecular docking studies of all derivatives to the colchicine-binding site were performed and it was found that five of the derivatives showed strong β-tubulin binding energies, lower than -8.70 kcal/mol, while the binding energy calculated for colchicine is -8.09 kcal/mol. The present results indicate that 7-deacetyl-10-thiocolchicine and 4-iodo-7-deacetyl-10-thiocolchicine analogues constitute promising lead compounds as chemotherapy agents against several types of cancer.
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Cotton S, Ferreira D, Soares J, Peixoto A, Relvas-Santos M, Azevedo R, Piairo P, Diéguez L, Palmeira C, Lima L, Silva AMN, Lara Santos L, Ferreira JA. Target Score-A Proteomics Data Selection Tool Applied to Esophageal Cancer Identifies GLUT1-Sialyl Tn Glycoforms as Biomarkers of Cancer Aggressiveness. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22041664. [PMID: 33562270 PMCID: PMC7915893 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Esophageal cancer (EC) is a life-threatening disease, demanding the discovery of new biomarkers and molecular targets for precision oncology. Aberrantly glycosylated proteins hold tremendous potential towards this objective. In the current study, a series of esophageal squamous cell carcinomas (ESCC) and EC-derived circulating tumor cells (CTCs) were screened by immunoassays for the sialyl-Tn (STn) antigen, a glycan rarely expressed in healthy tissues and widely observed in aggressive gastrointestinal cancers. An ESCC cell model was glycoengineered to express STn and characterized in relation to cell proliferation and invasion in vitro. STn was found to be widely present in ESCC (70% of tumors) and in CTCs in 20% of patients, being associated with general recurrence and reduced survival. Furthermore, STn expression in ESCC cells increased invasion in vitro, while reducing cancer cells proliferation. In parallel, an ESCC mass spectrometry-based proteomics dataset, obtained from the PRIDE database, was comprehensively interrogated for abnormally glycosylated proteins. Data integration with the Target Score, an algorithm developed in-house, pinpointed the glucose transporter type 1 (GLUT1) as a biomarker of poor prognosis. GLUT1-STn glycoproteoforms were latter identified in tumor tissues in patients facing worst prognosis. Furthermore, healthy human tissues analysis suggested that STn glycosylation provided cancer specificity to GLUT1. In conclusion, STn is a biomarker of worst prognosis in EC and GLUT1-STn glycoforms may be used to increase its specificity on the stratification and targeting of aggressive ESCC forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Cotton
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute (IPO Porto), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (S.C.); (D.F.); (J.S.); (A.P.); (M.R.-S.); (C.P.); (L.L.); (L.L.S.)
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering (INEB), 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Dylan Ferreira
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute (IPO Porto), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (S.C.); (D.F.); (J.S.); (A.P.); (M.R.-S.); (C.P.); (L.L.); (L.L.S.)
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering (INEB), 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Janine Soares
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute (IPO Porto), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (S.C.); (D.F.); (J.S.); (A.P.); (M.R.-S.); (C.P.); (L.L.); (L.L.S.)
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- QOPNA/LAQV, Department of Chemistry, Campus Universitário de Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Andreia Peixoto
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute (IPO Porto), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (S.C.); (D.F.); (J.S.); (A.P.); (M.R.-S.); (C.P.); (L.L.); (L.L.S.)
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering (INEB), 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Marta Relvas-Santos
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute (IPO Porto), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (S.C.); (D.F.); (J.S.); (A.P.); (M.R.-S.); (C.P.); (L.L.); (L.L.S.)
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering (INEB), 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- REQUIMTE-LAQV, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Rita Azevedo
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland;
| | - Paulina Piairo
- Medical Devices Research Group, International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), 4715-330 Braga, Portugal; (P.P.); (L.D.)
| | - Lorena Diéguez
- Medical Devices Research Group, International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), 4715-330 Braga, Portugal; (P.P.); (L.D.)
| | - Carlos Palmeira
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute (IPO Porto), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (S.C.); (D.F.); (J.S.); (A.P.); (M.R.-S.); (C.P.); (L.L.); (L.L.S.)
- Department of Immunology, Portuguese Institute of Oncology of Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
- Health Science Faculty, University of Fernando Pessoa, 4249-004 Porto, Portugal
| | - Luís Lima
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute (IPO Porto), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (S.C.); (D.F.); (J.S.); (A.P.); (M.R.-S.); (C.P.); (L.L.); (L.L.S.)
- Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (P.ccc), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - André M. N. Silva
- REQUIMTE-LAQV, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Lúcio Lara Santos
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute (IPO Porto), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (S.C.); (D.F.); (J.S.); (A.P.); (M.R.-S.); (C.P.); (L.L.); (L.L.S.)
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Health Science Faculty, University of Fernando Pessoa, 4249-004 Porto, Portugal
- Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (P.ccc), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - José Alexandre Ferreira
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute (IPO Porto), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (S.C.); (D.F.); (J.S.); (A.P.); (M.R.-S.); (C.P.); (L.L.); (L.L.S.)
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (P.ccc), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-225-084-000 (ext. 5111)
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Wang T, Kaufman RE. In Vitro Differentiation of Tumor-Associated Macrophages from Monocyte Precursors with Modified Melanoma-Conditioned Medium. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2265:119-128. [PMID: 33704710 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1205-7_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are one of most important components of the tumor microenvironment. Although many assays have been developed to differentiate monocytes into macrophages (Mϕ) for studying the biology of TAMs in vitro, little is known whether the macrophages induced by these approaches can recapitulate the biology of TAMs present in the tumor microenvironment. We have developed a novel assay to differentiate human monocytes into TAMs using modified melanoma-conditioned medium, which is derived from the concentrated tumor cell culture medium. Characterization of these modified melanoma-conditioned medium-induced macrophages (MCMI-Mϕ) by multiple flow cytometry, Luminex, microarray, and immunohistochemistry analyses indicates that MCMI-Mϕ are phenotypically and functionally highly similar to the TAMs present in the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA.
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19
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Urbaniak A, Piña-Oviedo S, Yuan Y, Huczyński A, Chambers TC. Limitations of an ex vivo breast cancer model for studying the mechanism of action of the anticancer drug paclitaxel. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 891:173780. [PMID: 33271152 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Paclitaxel is widely used in the treatment of breast, ovarian, lung, and other cancers. Its primary mechanism is to prevent microtubule depolymerization causing loss of dynamic instability crucial for normal microtubule function leading to mitotic arrest. Prolonged mitotic arrest results in cell death as a secondary response. The effects of paclitaxel are typically studied in cell lines which precludes assessment of the possible influence of tumor-associated cells. We therefore examined paclitaxel action ex vivo in fresh explant cultures of human breast tumors. Surprisingly, we found that paclitaxel failed to induce tumor cell death in explant culture, in contrast to several other cytotoxic agents including salinomycin and vincristine. The lack of effect was not due to defective drug uptake, and furthermore, analysis of H&E stained tumor slices indicated that paclitaxel treatment caused defective (granular) mitosis and chromosomal condensation in 5-10% of tumor cells after 72 h. These results suggest that while paclitaxel was able to penetrate into the tumor slice and disrupt mitosis in cycling tumor cells, any ensuing cell death likely occurred beyond the useful lifetime of the tumor slices. We conclude that explant culture systems may be inappropriate for the study of cytotoxic drugs where a delay exists between the drug's primary and secondary modes of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicja Urbaniak
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Sergio Piña-Oviedo
- Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Youzhong Yuan
- Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Adam Huczyński
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 8, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Timothy C Chambers
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA.
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20
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Munkhbaatar E, Dietzen M, Agrawal D, Anton M, Jesinghaus M, Boxberg M, Pfarr N, Bidola P, Uhrig S, Höckendorf U, Meinhardt AL, Wahida A, Heid I, Braren R, Mishra R, Warth A, Muley T, Poh PSP, Wang X, Fröhling S, Steiger K, Slotta-Huspenina J, van Griensven M, Pfeiffer F, Lange S, Rad R, Spella M, Stathopoulos GT, Ruland J, Bassermann F, Weichert W, Strasser A, Branca C, Heikenwalder M, Swanton C, McGranahan N, Jost PJ. MCL-1 gains occur with high frequency in lung adenocarcinoma and can be targeted therapeutically. Nat Commun 2020; 11:4527. [PMID: 32913197 PMCID: PMC7484793 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-18372-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Evasion of programmed cell death represents a critical form of oncogene addiction in cancer cells. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underpinning cancer cell survival despite the oncogenic stress could provide a molecular basis for potential therapeutic interventions. Here we explore the role of pro-survival genes in cancer cell integrity during clonal evolution in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We identify gains of MCL-1 at high frequency in multiple independent NSCLC cohorts, occurring both clonally and subclonally. Clonal loss of functional TP53 is significantly associated with subclonal gains of MCL-1. In mice, tumour progression is delayed upon pharmacologic or genetic inhibition of MCL-1. These findings reveal that MCL-1 gains occur with high frequency in lung adenocarcinoma and can be targeted therapeutically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enkhtsetseg Munkhbaatar
- Department of Medicine III, Klinikum rechts der Isar, TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Michelle Dietzen
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Center of Excellence, University College London Cancer Institute, Paul O'Gorman Building, London, UK
- Cancer Evolution and Genome Instability Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
- Cancer Genome Evolution Research Group, University College London Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Deepti Agrawal
- Department of Medicine III, Klinikum rechts der Isar, TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Martina Anton
- Institute of Molecular Immunology and Experimental Oncology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Moritz Jesinghaus
- Institute of Pathology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Melanie Boxberg
- Institute of Pathology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Nicole Pfarr
- Institute of Pathology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Pidassa Bidola
- Chair of Biomedical Physics, Department of Physics & Munich School of Bioengineering, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany
| | - Sebastian Uhrig
- Division of Applied Bioinformatics, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ulrike Höckendorf
- Department of Medicine III, Klinikum rechts der Isar, TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Anna-Lena Meinhardt
- Department of Medicine III, Klinikum rechts der Isar, TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Adam Wahida
- Department of Medicine III, Klinikum rechts der Isar, TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Irina Heid
- Department of diagnostic and interventional radiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Rickmer Braren
- Department of diagnostic and interventional radiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ritu Mishra
- Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Arne Warth
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute of Pathology, Cytopathology and Molecular Pathology UEGP MVZ, Giessen, Wetzlar, Limburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Muley
- Translational Research Unit, Thoraxklinik at Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Translational Lung Research Centre (TLRC) Heidelberg, member of the German Centre for lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Patrina S P Poh
- Experimental Trauma Surgery, Department of Trauma Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Julius Wolff Institute, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Medicine III, Klinikum rechts der Isar, TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefan Fröhling
- Department of Translational Medical Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Katja Steiger
- Institute of Pathology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Julia Slotta-Huspenina
- Institute of Pathology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Gewebebank des Klinikums rechts der Isar und der Technischen Universität München Am Institut für Pathologie der TU München, München, Germany
| | - Martijn van Griensven
- Department cBITE, MERLN Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Franz Pfeiffer
- Chair of Biomedical Physics, Department of Physics & Munich School of Bioengineering, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany
| | - Sebastian Lange
- Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Molecular Oncology and Functional Genomics, TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Medicine II, Klinikum rechts der Isar, TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Roland Rad
- Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute of Molecular Oncology and Functional Genomics, TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Medicine II, Klinikum rechts der Isar, TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Magda Spella
- Laboratory for Molecular Respiratory Carcinogenesis, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Patras, Rio, Greece
| | - Georgios T Stathopoulos
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC) and Institute for Lung Biology and Disease (iLBD), Helmholtz Center Munich for Environmental Health, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Jürgen Ruland
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Florian Bassermann
- Department of Medicine III, Klinikum rechts der Isar, TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Wilko Weichert
- Institute of Pathology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Strasser
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Caterina Branca
- Department of Medicine III, Klinikum rechts der Isar, TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Mathias Heikenwalder
- Division of Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Charles Swanton
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Center of Excellence, University College London Cancer Institute, Paul O'Gorman Building, London, UK
- Cancer Evolution and Genome Instability Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Nicholas McGranahan
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Center of Excellence, University College London Cancer Institute, Paul O'Gorman Building, London, UK
- Cancer Genome Evolution Research Group, University College London Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Philipp J Jost
- Department of Medicine III, Klinikum rechts der Isar, TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
- Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
- Division of Clinical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
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Lerch S, Berthold S, Ziemann F, Dreffke K, Subtil FSB, Senger Y, Jensen A, Engenhart-Cabillic R, Dikomey E, Wittig A, Eberle F, Schötz U. HPV-positive HNSCC cell lines show strongly enhanced radiosensitivity after photon but not after carbon ion irradiation. Radiother Oncol 2020; 151:134-140. [PMID: 32717362 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2020.07.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE HPV positive (pos.) HNSCC cells are significantly more radiosensitive to photon irradiation as compared to HPV negative (neg.) cells. Functionally, this is considered to result from a reduced DSB repair capacity. It was now tested, whether such a difference is also observed when using carbon ion (12C) irradiation. MATERIAL AND METHODS Five HPV pos. and five HPV neg. HNSCC cell lines were irradiated with photons or 12C-ions using 2D or 3D cell culture conditions. Clonogenic survival was determined by colony formation assay and DSB repair by immunofluorescence using co-staining of γH2AX and 53BP1 foci. RESULTS The pronounced difference in radiosensitivity known for these two entities when exposed to photons in 2D cell culture, was reduced when treated under 3D conditions. Irradiation with 12C-ions strongly enhanced cell killing, whereby increase was more pronounced for the HPV neg. when compared to the HPV pos. cell line (RBE = 2.81 vs. 2.14). As a consequence, after 12C-irradiation clonogenic survival was almost identical for the two entities as was demonstrated for all cell lines at a dose of 3 Gy. In line with this, the significant difference in DSB repair capacity between HPV pos. and neg. HNSCC cells, as seen after photon irradiation, was abrogated after 12C-irradiation. CONCLUSION While HPV pos. cells are significantly more radiosensitive to photons than HPV neg. cells, no significant difference was seen after 12C-irradiation. This needs to be considered when planning new clinical protocols for the treatment of HPV neg. and pos. tumors with 12C-ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Lerch
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiooncology, Philipps-University Marburg, Germany
| | - Sophie Berthold
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiooncology, Philipps-University Marburg, Germany
| | - Frank Ziemann
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiooncology, Philipps-University Marburg, Germany
| | - Kristin Dreffke
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiooncology, Philipps-University Marburg, Germany
| | | | | | - Alexandra Jensen
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiooncology, Philipps-University Marburg, Germany
| | | | - Ekkehard Dikomey
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiooncology, Philipps-University Marburg, Germany; Laboratory of Radiobiology & Experimental Radiooncology, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andrea Wittig
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiooncology, Philipps-University Marburg, Germany; Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Jena, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Germany
| | - Fabian Eberle
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiooncology, Philipps-University Marburg, Germany
| | - Ulrike Schötz
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiooncology, Philipps-University Marburg, Germany.
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Zhang Y, An J, Liu M, Li N, Wang W, Yao H, Li N, Yang X, Sun Y, Xu N, Wu L. Efficient isolation, culture, purification, and stem cell expression profiles of primary tumor cells derived from uterine cervical squamous cell carcinoma. Am J Reprod Immunol 2020; 84:e13251. [PMID: 32315465 DOI: 10.1111/aji.13251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
PROBLEM Since not too many human uterus cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) cell lines in existence, efficient isolation, culture, and purification protocols for primary CSCC cells were optimized as a tool for the study of uterus CSCC. METHOD OF STUDY The protocols for partial multiple enzymatic digestion and explant cell culture were combined and then the resulting mixed cell component cultures were purified by magnetic-activated cell sorting. Colony-forming assay was utilized for detection of cell carcinogenesis potential, and immunofluorescence was used to detect protein expression of CSCC. Finally, flow cytometry (FCM) was performed to analyze cancer stem cells (CSCs) phenotypic markers as well as programmed cell death ligand 1(PD-L 1). RESULTS Freshly isolated cells containing tumor cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) efficiently proliferate to 85% confluence on a 6 cm petri dish in 5-7 days. Anti-epithelial cell adhesion molecule antibody (EpCAM) microbeads were used to successfully separate a homogeneous subpopulation of epithelial tumor cells. Both EpCAM+ and EpCAM- cell subpopulations were able to be passaged more than 30 times. Proportions of tumor cell populations expressed CSCs markers such as CD133, CD24, aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1), and CD44. The vimentin+ & EpCAM- population, defined with CAFs, could express CD146 mesenchymal stem cells marker. Meanwhile, PD-L 1 was identified in most subpopulation of CD44+ cells at low passage numbers. CONCLUSION Efficient isolation, culture, and purification protocols for primary CSCC cells were successfully built. Additionally, the profiling of CSCs cell markers might provide promising therapeutic targets and clinic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Zhang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jusheng An
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Mei Liu
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wenpeng Wang
- Department of colorectal oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongwen Yao
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Li
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xi Yang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yangchun Sun
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ningzhi Xu
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Lingying Wu
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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23
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Greaney-Davies FST, Risk JM, Robinson M, Liloglou T, Shaw RJ, Schache AG. Essential characterisation of human papillomavirus positive head and neck cancer cell lines. Oral Oncol 2020; 103:104613. [PMID: 32120342 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2020.104613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The incidence of human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive head and neck cancer, particularly oropharyngeal, has been increasing rapidly. Understanding of this disease, and modelling of suitable therapeutics, requires sustainable cell cultures, yet they remain limited in number and of variable origin. A comprehensive understanding of these resources is therefore of great importance. MATERIALS AND METHODS Viral gene expression assays and pathological testing methods were used in the six currently available HPV-positive cell lines derived from head and neck (H&N) subsites, two HPV-negative H&N and two cervical carcinoma cell lines. A 2D migration assay monitored cell movement, speed and pattern of migration. RESULTS All six H&N and two cervical cell lines were confirmed HPV-positive by gold standard testing, yet variability between tests was apparent. Although migration was not significantly different between cell lines, each demonstrated unique migration patterns. CONCLUSION Patient-derived cancer cells, arising as a consequence of natural oncogenic processes rather than in vitro manipulation, are essential for understanding cancer biology. We have characterised the available HPV-positive H&N cell lines and provided clear evidence of a persisting viral oncogenic driver in each, as such supporting their ongoing use as a model of HPV-positive H&N cancer. Importantly, we also highlight a need for caution to be exercised when translating future in vitro findings associated with these lines particularly in the context of oropharyngeal cancer given irregularities in tumour provenance (origin site and clinicopathological features).
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Affiliation(s)
- Frances S T Greaney-Davies
- Liverpool Head & Neck Centre, Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L7 8TX, UK
| | - Janet M Risk
- Liverpool Head & Neck Centre, Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L7 8TX, UK.
| | - Max Robinson
- Department of Cellular Pathology, Newcastle-upon-Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle-upon-Tyne NE7 7DN, UK
| | - Triantafilos Liloglou
- Liverpool Head & Neck Centre, Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L7 8TX, UK
| | - Richard J Shaw
- Liverpool Head & Neck Centre, Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L7 8TX, UK; Head & Neck Unit Aintree University Hospital, Longmoor Lane, Liverpool L9 7AL, UK
| | - Andrew G Schache
- Liverpool Head & Neck Centre, Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L7 8TX, UK; Head & Neck Unit Aintree University Hospital, Longmoor Lane, Liverpool L9 7AL, UK
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24
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Effective Synergy of Sorafenib and Nutrient Shortage in Inducing Melanoma Cell Death through Energy Stress. Cells 2020; 9:cells9030640. [PMID: 32155825 PMCID: PMC7140454 DOI: 10.3390/cells9030640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Skin melanoma is one of the most aggressive and difficult-to-treat human malignancies, characterized by poor survival rates, thus requiring urgent novel therapeutic approaches. Although metabolic reprogramming has represented so far, a cancer hallmark, accumulating data indicate a high plasticity of cancer cells in modulating cellular metabolism to adapt to a heterogeneous and continuously changing microenvironment, suggesting a novel therapeutic approach for dietary manipulation in cancer therapy. To this aim, we exposed melanoma cells to combined nutrient-restriction/sorafenib. Results indicate that cell death was efficiently induced, with apoptosis representing the prominent feature. In contrast, autophagy was blocked in the final stage by this treatment, similarly to chloroquine, which also enhanced melanoma cell sensitization to combined treatment. Energy stress was evidenced by associated treatment with mitochondrial dysfunction and glycolysis impairment, suggesting metabolic stress determining melanoma cell death. A reduction of tumor growth after cycles of intermittent fasting together with sorafenib treatment was also observed in vivo, reinforcing that the nutrient shortage can potentiate anti-melanoma therapy. Our findings showed that the restriction of nutrients by intermittent fasting potentiates the effects of sorafenib due to the modulation of cellular metabolism, suggesting that it is possible to harness the energy of cancer cells for the treatment of melanoma.
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25
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Urbaniak A, Jousheghany F, Piña-Oviedo S, Yuan Y, Majcher-Uchańska U, Klejborowska G, Moorjani A, Monzavi-Karbassi B, Huczyński A, Chambers TC. Carbamate derivatives of colchicine show potent activity towards primary acute lymphoblastic leukemia and primary breast cancer cells-in vitro and ex vivo study. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2020; 34:e22487. [PMID: 32141170 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Colchicine (COL) shows strong anticancer activity but due to its toxicity towards normal cells its wider application is limited. To address this issue, a library of 17 novel COL derivatives, namely N-carbamates of N-deacetyl-4-(bromo/chloro/iodo)thiocolchicine, has been tested against two types of primary cancer cells. These included acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and human breast cancer (BC) derived from two different tumor subtypes, ER+ invasive ductal carcinoma grade III (IDCG3) and metastatic carcinoma (MC). Four novel COL derivatives showed higher anti-proliferative activity than COL (IC50 = 8.6 nM) towards primary ALL cells in cell viability assays (IC50 range of 1.1-6.4 nM), and several were more potent towards primary IDCG3 (IC50 range of 0.1 to 10.3 nM) or MC (IC50 range of 2.3-9.1 nM) compared to COL (IC50 of 11.1 and 11.7 nM, respectively). In addition, several derivatives were selectively active toward primary breast cancer cells compared to normal breast epithelial cells. The most promising derivatives were subsequently tested against the NCI panel of 60 human cancer cell lines and seven derivatives were more potent than COL against leukemia, non-small-cell lung, colon, CNS and prostate cancers. Finally, COL and two of the most active derivatives were shown to be effective in killing BC cells when tested ex vivo using fresh human breast tumor explants. The present findings indicate that the select COL derivatives constitute promising lead compounds targeting specific types of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicja Urbaniak
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Fariba Jousheghany
- Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Sergio Piña-Oviedo
- Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Youzhong Yuan
- Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Urszula Majcher-Uchańska
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Greta Klejborowska
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Anika Moorjani
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | | | - Adam Huczyński
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Timothy C Chambers
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
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26
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Dual PI3K/mTOR Inhibitor NVP-BEZ235 Enhances Radiosensitivity of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC) Cell Lines Due to Suppressed Double-Strand Break (DSB) Repair by Non-Homologous End Joining. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12020467. [PMID: 32085396 PMCID: PMC7072694 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12020467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway is frequently altered in human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive and negative squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (HNSCC) and overstimulation is associated with poor prognosis. PI3K drives Akt activation and constitutive signaling acts pro-proliferative, supports cell survival, DNA repair, and contributes to radioresistance. Since the small molecule NVP-BEZ235 (BEZ235) is a potent dual inhibitor of this pathway, we were interested whether BEZ235 could be an efficient radiosensitizer. The 50 nM BEZ235 was found to abrogate endogenous and irradiation-induced phosphorylation of Akt (Ser473). The anti-proliferative capacity of the drug resulted in an increase in G1-phase cells. Repair of radiation-induced DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) was strongly suppressed. Reduction in DSB repair was only apparent in G1- but not in G2-phase cells, suggesting that BEZ235 primarily affects non-homologous end joining. This finding was confirmed using a DSB repair reporter gene assay and could be attributed to an impaired phosphorylation of DNA-PKcs (S2056). Cellular radiosensitivity increased strongly after BEZ235 addition in all HNSCC cell lines used, especially when irradiated in the G0 or G1 phase. Our data indicate that targeting the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway by BEZ235 with concurrent radiotherapy may be considered an effective strategy for the treatment of HNSCC, regardless of the HPV and Akt status.
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27
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Klejborowska G, Urbaniak A, Maj E, Preto J, Moshari M, Wietrzyk J, Tuszynski JA, Chambers TC, Huczyński A. Synthesis, biological evaluation and molecular docking studies of new amides of 4-chlorothiocolchicine as anticancer agents. Bioorg Chem 2020; 97:103664. [PMID: 32106039 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.103664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Colchicine belongs to a large group of microtubule polymerization inhibitors. Although the anti-cancer activity of colchicine and its derivatives has been established, none of them has found commercial application in cancer treatment due to side effects. Therefore, we designed and synthesized a series of six triple-modified 4-chlorothiocolchicine analogues with amide moieties and one urea derivative. These novel derivatives were tested against several different cancer cell lines (A549, MCF-7, LoVo, LoVo/DX) and primary acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cells and they showed activity in the nanomolar range. The obtained IC50 values for novel derivatives were lower than those obtained for unmodified colchicine and common anticancer drugs such as doxorubicin and cisplatin. Further studies of colchicine and selected analogues were undertaken to indicate that they induced apoptotic cell death in ALL-5 cells. We also performed in silico studies to predict binding modes of the 4-chlorothiocolchicine derivatives to different β tubulin isotypes. The results indicate that select triple-modified 4-chlorothiocolchicine derivatives represent highly promising novel cancer chemotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greta Klejborowska
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
| | - Alicja Urbaniak
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, United States
| | - Ewa Maj
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Rudolfa Weigla 12, 53-114 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Jordane Preto
- Depertment of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1Z2, Canada
| | - Mahshad Moshari
- Depertment of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1Z2, Canada
| | - Joanna Wietrzyk
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Rudolfa Weigla 12, 53-114 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Jack A Tuszynski
- Depertment of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1Z2, Canada; DIMEAS, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, Turin, Italy
| | - Timothy C Chambers
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, United States
| | - Adam Huczyński
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznan, Poland.
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28
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Gagliardi M, Cotella D, Santoro C, Corà D, Barlev NA, Piacentini M, Corazzari M. Aldo-keto reductases protect metastatic melanoma from ER stress-independent ferroptosis. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:902. [PMID: 31780644 PMCID: PMC6883066 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-2143-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of melanoma is increasing over the years with a still poor prognosis and the lack of a cure able to guarantee an adequate survival of patients. Although the new immuno-based coupled to target therapeutic strategy is encouraging, the appearance of targeted/cross-resistance and/or side effects such as autoimmune disorders could limit its clinical use. Alternative therapeutic strategies are therefore urgently needed to efficiently kill melanoma cells. Ferroptosis induction and execution were evaluated in metastasis-derived wild-type and oncogenic BRAF melanoma cells, and the process responsible for the resistance has been dissected at molecular level. Although efficiently induced in all cells, in an oncogenic BRAF- and ER stress-independent way, most cells were resistant to ferroptosis execution. At molecular level we found that: resistant cells efficiently activate NRF2 which in turn upregulates the early ferroptotic marker CHAC1, in an ER stress-independent manner, and the aldo-keto reductases AKR1C1 ÷ 3 which degrades the 12/15-LOX-generated lipid peroxides thus resulting in ferroptotic cell death resistance. However, inhibiting AKRs activity/expression completely resensitizes resistant melanoma cells to ferroptosis execution. Finally, we found that the ferroptotic susceptibility associated with the differentiation of melanoma cells cannot be applied to metastatic-derived cells, due to the EMT-associated gene expression reprogramming process. However, we identified SCL7A11 as a valuable marker to predict the susceptibility of metastatic melanoma cells to ferroptosis. Our results identify the use of pro-ferroptotic drugs coupled to AKRs inhibitors as a new valuable strategy to efficiently kill human skin melanoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mara Gagliardi
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.,Department of Health Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy.,Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease (CAAD), University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Diego Cotella
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Claudio Santoro
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy.,Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease (CAAD), University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy.,Department of Health Sciences and Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases (IRCAD), University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Davide Corà
- Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease (CAAD), University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy.,Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Nickolai A Barlev
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg, Russia.,Laboratory of Intracellular Signaling, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, Russian Federation
| | - Mauro Piacentini
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy. .,Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg, Russia.
| | - Marco Corazzari
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy. .,Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease (CAAD), University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy. .,Department of Health Sciences and Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases (IRCAD), University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy.
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29
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Czerwonka D, Urbaniak A, Sobczak S, Piña-Oviedo S, Chambers TC, Antoszczak M, Huczyński A. Synthesis and Anticancer Activity of Tertiary Amides of Salinomycin and Their C20-oxo Analogues. ChemMedChem 2019; 15:236-246. [PMID: 31702860 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201900593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The polyether ionophore salinomycin (SAL) has captured much interest because of its potent activity against cancer cells and cancer stem cells. Our previous studies have indicated that C1/C20 double-modification of SAL is a useful strategy to generate diverse agents with promising biological activity profiles. Thus, herein we describe the synthesis of a new class of SAL analogues that combine key modifications at the C1 and C20 positions. The activity of the obtained SAL derivatives was evaluated using primary acute lymphoblastic leukemia, human breast adenocarcinoma and normal mammary epithelial cells. One single- [N,N-dipropyl amide of salinomycin (5 a)] and two novel double-modified analogues [N,N-dipropyl amide of C20-oxosalinomycin (5 b) and piperazine amide of C20-oxosalinomycin (13 b)] were found to be more potent toward the MDA-MB-231 cell line than SAL or its C20-oxo analogue 2. When select analogues were tested against the NCI-60 human tumor cell line panel, 4 a [N,N-diethyl amide of salinomycin] showed particular activity toward the ovarian cancer cell line SK-OV-3. Additionally, both SAL and 2 were found to be potent ex vivo against human ER/PR+ , Her2- invasive mammary carcinoma, with 2 showing minimal toxicity toward normal epithelial cells. The present findings highlight the therapeutic potential of SAL derivatives for select targeting of different cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Czerwonka
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Alicja Urbaniak
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Szymon Sobczak
- Department of Materials Chemistry Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Sergio Piña-Oviedo
- Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Timothy C Chambers
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Michał Antoszczak
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Adam Huczyński
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
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30
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Authentication Analysis of MT-4 Cells Distributed by the National Institutes of Health AIDS Reagent Program. J Virol 2019; 93:JVI.01390-19. [PMID: 31554688 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01390-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The MT-4 human T-cell line expresses HTLV-1 Tax and is permissive for replication of an HIV-1 gp41 mutant lacking the cytoplasmic tail. MT-4 cells (lot 150048), distributed by the NIH AIDS Reagent Program (NIH-ARP), were found to be Tax deficient and unable to host replication of the gp41-truncated HIV-1 mutant. These findings, together with short tandem repeat profiling, established that lot 150048 are not bona fide MT-4 cells.
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31
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Klejborowska G, Urbaniak A, Preto J, Maj E, Moshari M, Wietrzyk J, Tuszynski JA, Chambers TC, Huczyński A. Synthesis, biological evaluation and molecular docking studies of new amides of 4-bromothiocolchicine as anticancer agents. Bioorg Med Chem 2019; 27:115144. [PMID: 31653441 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2019.115144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Colchicine is the major alkaloid isolated from the plant Colchicum autumnale, which shows strong therapeutic effects towards different types of cancer. However, due to the toxicity of colchicine towards normal cells its application is limited. To address this issue we synthesized a series of seven triple-modified 4-bromothiocolchicine analogues with amide moieties. These novel derivatives were active in the nanomolar range against several different cancer cell lines and primary acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells, specifically compounds: 5-9 against primary ALL-5 (IC50 = 5.3-14 nM), 5, 7-9 against A549 (IC50 = 10 nM), 5, 7-9 against MCF-7 (IC50 = 11 nM), 5-9 against LoVo (IC50 = 7-12 nM), and 5, 7-9 against LoVo/DX (IC50 = 48-87 nM). These IC50 values were lower than those obtained for unmodified colchicine and common anticancer drugs such as doxorubicin and cisplatin. Further studies revealed that colchicine and selected analogues induced characteristics of apoptotic cell death but manifested their effects in different phases of the cell cycle in MCF-7 versus ALL-5 cells. Specifically, while colchicine and the studied derivatives arrested MCF-7 cells in mitosis, very little mitotically arrested ALL-5 cells were observed, suggesting effects were manifest instead in interphase. We also developed an in silico model of the mode of binding of these compounds to their primary target, β-tubulin. We conducted a correlation analysis (linear regression) between the calculated binding energies of colchicine derivatives and their anti-proliferative activity, and determined that the obtained correlation coefficients strongly depend on the type of cells used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greta Klejborowska
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
| | - Alicja Urbaniak
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, United States
| | - Jordane Preto
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1Z2, Canada
| | - Ewa Maj
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Rudolfa Weigla 12, 53-114 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Mahshad Moshari
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1Z2, Canada
| | - Joanna Wietrzyk
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Rudolfa Weigla 12, 53-114 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Jack A Tuszynski
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1Z2, Canada; DIMEAS, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, Turin, Italy
| | - Timothy C Chambers
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, United States
| | - Adam Huczyński
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznan, Poland.
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32
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Robin T, Capes-Davis A, Bairoch A. CLASTR: The Cellosaurus STR similarity search tool - A precious help for cell line authentication. Int J Cancer 2019; 146:1299-1306. [PMID: 31444973 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Despite an increased awareness of the problematic of cell line cross-contamination and misidentification, it remains nowadays a major source of erroneous experimental results in biomedical research. To prevent it, researchers are expected to frequently test the authenticity of the cell lines they are working on. STR profiling was selected as the international reference method to perform cell line authentication. While the experimental protocols and manipulations for generating a STR profile are well described, the available tools and workflows to analyze such data are lacking. The Cellosaurus knowledge resource aimed to improve the situation by compiling all the publicly available STR profiles from the literature and other databases. As a result, it grew to become the largest database in terms of human STR profiles, with 6,474 distinct cell lines having an associated STR profile (release July 31, 2019). Here we present CLASTR, the Cellosaurus STR similarity search tool enabling users to compare one or more STR profiles with those available in the Cellosaurus cell line knowledge resource. It aims to help researchers in the process of cell line authentication by providing numerous functionalities. The tool is publicly accessible on the SIB ExPASy server (https://web.expasy.org/cellosaurus-str-search) and its source code is available on GitHub under the GPL-3.0 license.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thibault Robin
- CALIPHO Group, SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, CMU, Geneva, Switzerland.,Microbiology and Molecular Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Proteome Informatics Group, SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, CMU, Geneva, Switzerland.,Computer Science Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Amanda Capes-Davis
- CellBank Australia, Children's Medical Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Amos Bairoch
- CALIPHO Group, SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, CMU, Geneva, Switzerland.,Microbiology and Molecular Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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33
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Povey JF, Saintas E, Aderemi AV, Rothweiler F, Zehner R, Dirks WG, Cinatl J, Racher AJ, Wass MN, Smales CM, Michaelis M. Intact-Cell MALDI-ToF Mass Spectrometry for the Authentication of Drug-Adapted Cancer Cell Lines. Cells 2019; 8:cells8101194. [PMID: 31581737 PMCID: PMC6830094 DOI: 10.3390/cells8101194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 09/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of cell lines in research can be affected by cell line misidentification. Short tandem repeat (STR) analysis is an effective method, and the gold standard, for the identification of the genetic origin of a cell line, but methods that allow the discrimination between cell lines of the same genetic origin are lacking. Here, we use intact cell MALDI-ToF mass spectrometry analysis, routinely used for the identification of bacteria in clinical diagnostic procedures, for the authentication of a set of cell lines consisting of three parental neuroblastoma cell lines (IMR-5, IMR-32 and UKF-NB-3) and eleven drug-adapted sublines. Principal component analysis (PCA) of intact-cell MALDI-ToF mass spectrometry data revealed clear differences between most, but not all, of the investigated cell lines. Mass spectrometry whole-cell fingerprints enabled the separation of IMR-32 and its clonal subline IMR-5. Sublines that had been adapted to closely related drugs, for example, the cisplatin- and oxaliplatin-resistant UKF-NB-3 sublines and the vincristine- and vinblastine-adapted IMR-5 sublines, also displayed clearly distinctive patterns. In conclusion, intact whole-cell MALDI-ToF mass spectrometry has the potential to be further developed into an authentication method for mammalian cells of a common genetic origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane F. Povey
- Industry Biotechnology Centre and School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury CT2 7NJ, UK; (J.F.P.); (E.S.); (A.V.A.); (M.N.W.)
| | - Emily Saintas
- Industry Biotechnology Centre and School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury CT2 7NJ, UK; (J.F.P.); (E.S.); (A.V.A.); (M.N.W.)
| | - Adewale V. Aderemi
- Industry Biotechnology Centre and School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury CT2 7NJ, UK; (J.F.P.); (E.S.); (A.V.A.); (M.N.W.)
| | - Florian Rothweiler
- Institut für Medizinische Virologie, Klinikum der Goethe-Universität, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (F.R.)
| | - Richard Zehner
- Institut für Rechtsmedizin, Klinikum der Goethe-Universität, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany;
| | - Wilhelm G. Dirks
- Leibniz-Institute Deutsche Sammlung für Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen GmbH, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany;
| | - Jindrich Cinatl
- Institut für Medizinische Virologie, Klinikum der Goethe-Universität, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (F.R.)
| | | | - Mark N. Wass
- Industry Biotechnology Centre and School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury CT2 7NJ, UK; (J.F.P.); (E.S.); (A.V.A.); (M.N.W.)
| | - C. Mark Smales
- Industry Biotechnology Centre and School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury CT2 7NJ, UK; (J.F.P.); (E.S.); (A.V.A.); (M.N.W.)
- Correspondence: (C.M.S); (M.M.); Tel.: +44-1227-82-3746 (C.M.S); Tel.: +44-1227-82-7804 (M.M.)
| | - Martin Michaelis
- Industry Biotechnology Centre and School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury CT2 7NJ, UK; (J.F.P.); (E.S.); (A.V.A.); (M.N.W.)
- Correspondence: (C.M.S); (M.M.); Tel.: +44-1227-82-3746 (C.M.S); Tel.: +44-1227-82-7804 (M.M.)
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Garcin EB, Gon S, Sullivan MR, Brunette GJ, Cian AD, Concordet JP, Giovannangeli C, Dirks WG, Eberth S, Bernstein KA, Prakash R, Jasin M, Modesti M. Differential Requirements for the RAD51 Paralogs in Genome Repair and Maintenance in Human Cells. PLoS Genet 2019; 15:e1008355. [PMID: 31584931 PMCID: PMC6795472 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1008355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Deficiency in several of the classical human RAD51 paralogs [RAD51B, RAD51C, RAD51D, XRCC2 and XRCC3] is associated with cancer predisposition and Fanconi anemia. To investigate their functions, isogenic disruption mutants for each were generated in non-transformed MCF10A mammary epithelial cells and in transformed U2OS and HEK293 cells. In U2OS and HEK293 cells, viable ablated clones were readily isolated for each RAD51 paralog; in contrast, with the exception of RAD51B, RAD51 paralogs are cell-essential in MCF10A cells. Underlining their importance for genomic stability, mutant cell lines display variable growth defects, impaired sister chromatid recombination, reduced levels of stable RAD51 nuclear foci, and hyper-sensitivity to mitomycin C and olaparib, with the weakest phenotypes observed in RAD51B-deficient cells. Altogether these observations underscore the contributions of RAD51 paralogs in diverse DNA repair processes, and demonstrate essential differences in different cell types. Finally, this study will provide useful reagents to analyze patient-derived mutations and to investigate mechanisms of chemotherapeutic resistance deployed by cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edwige B. Garcin
- Cancer Research Center of Marseille; CNRS; Inserm; Institut Paoli-Calmettes; Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Stéphanie Gon
- Cancer Research Center of Marseille; CNRS; Inserm; Institut Paoli-Calmettes; Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Meghan R. Sullivan
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Gregory J. Brunette
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Anne De Cian
- Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Inserm U1154, CNRS UMR 7196, Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Paul Concordet
- Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Inserm U1154, CNRS UMR 7196, Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France
| | - Carine Giovannangeli
- Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Inserm U1154, CNRS UMR 7196, Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France
| | - Wilhelm G. Dirks
- Department of Human and Animal Cell Lines, Leibniz-Institute DSMZ-German, Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Sonja Eberth
- Department of Human and Animal Cell Lines, Leibniz-Institute DSMZ-German, Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Kara A. Bernstein
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Rohit Prakash
- Developmental Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Maria Jasin
- Developmental Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Mauro Modesti
- Cancer Research Center of Marseille; CNRS; Inserm; Institut Paoli-Calmettes; Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
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35
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Urbaniak A, Jousheghany F, Yuan Y, Piña-Oviedo S, Huczyński A, Delgado M, Kieber-Emmons T, Monzavi-Karbassi B, Chambers TC. The response of phyllodes tumor of the breast to anticancer therapy: An in vitro and ex vivo study. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:5097-5106. [PMID: 31612021 PMCID: PMC6781661 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Phyllodes tumors of the breast (PTB) are uncommon stromal-epithelial neoplasms, with the main recommended treatment being surgical removal. However, even with adequate resection, the risk of recurrence in the malignant form remains as high as 40%, and there is no recognized consensus on the most effective drugs for PTB. In the present study, an ex vivo model of malignant phyllodes and derived primary cell cultures were used to evaluate the effectiveness of a panel of different drugs, including the Bcl-2/Bcl-xL inhibitor ABT-263, salinomycin (SAL), doxorubicin (DOX), paclitaxel (TAX), vincristine (VCR), colchicine (COL) and cisplatin (CIS). ABT-263, SAL and DOX were highly effective towards phyllodes spindle cells when assessed in the ex vivo model, contributing to ~98% tumor cell death. Furthermore, ABT-263 was highly selective for tumor cells in this system, and exhibited little toxic effect on adjacent normal epithelial cells. Furthermore, consistent with findings in the ex vivo model, ABT-263 was significantly less toxic towards MCF 10A non-tumorigenic breast epithelial cells compared with SAL and DOX. A conditional reprogramming strategy was subsequently used, involving Rho kinase inhibition, to successfully generate primary phyllodes tumor cells that could be cultured for several passages. The primary cells were sensitive to DOX with an IC50 of 0.40±0.07 µM in a standard viability assay and the preliminary results were obtained indicating sensitivity to ABT-263 and SAL. The present study demonstrated the feasibility of using explants and primary cells for drug discovery, selectively targeting PTB cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicja Urbaniak
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Fariba Jousheghany
- Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Youzhong Yuan
- Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Sergio Piña-Oviedo
- Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Adam Huczyński
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 89b, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Magdalena Delgado
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Thomas Kieber-Emmons
- Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | | | - Timothy C Chambers
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
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36
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Arenz A, Patze J, Kornmann E, Wilhelm J, Ziemann F, Wagner S, Wittig A, Schoetz U, Engenhart-Cabillic R, Dikomey E, Fritz B. HPV-negative and HPV-positive HNSCC cell lines show similar numerical but different structural chromosomal aberrations. Head Neck 2019; 41:3869-3879. [PMID: 31441163 DOI: 10.1002/hed.25924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It was tested whether the difference in carcinogenesis between noxa and human papillomavirus (HPV)-driven head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is associated with a variation in genomic instability. METHODS Conventional and molecular cytogenetics in HPV-positive and HPV-negative HNSCC cell lines. RESULTS Numerical aneuploidy determined by multicolor fluorescence in situ hybridization and DNA ploidy was very similar for both entities with most chromosomes being present either in quadruplicate or triplicate, and only few are still diploid with, however, a striking similarity in the overall pattern. A clear difference was seen concerning the translocations formed, with no difference in the total amount but with a significantly higher genomic instability of HPV-positive cell lines at chromosome 3 as compared to HPV-negative cells. CONCLUSION The different processes of carcinogenesis of HPV-positive and HPV-negative HNSCC appear to result in a similar pattern of numerical but a clear difference in structural chromosomal aberrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Arenz
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiooncology, Philipps-University, University Hospital Giessen and Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Johannes Patze
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiooncology, Philipps-University, University Hospital Giessen and Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Evelyn Kornmann
- Center of Human Genetics, Philipps-University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Jochen Wilhelm
- Department of Pathology, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Frank Ziemann
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiooncology, Philipps-University, University Hospital Giessen and Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Steffen Wagner
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Justus-Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Andrea Wittig
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiooncology, Philipps-University, University Hospital Giessen and Marburg, Marburg, Germany.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Jena, Germany
| | - Ulrike Schoetz
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiooncology, Philipps-University, University Hospital Giessen and Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Rita Engenhart-Cabillic
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiooncology, Philipps-University, University Hospital Giessen and Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Ekkehard Dikomey
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiooncology, Philipps-University, University Hospital Giessen and Marburg, Marburg, Germany.,Laboratory of Radiobiology & Experimental Radiooncology, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Barbara Fritz
- Center of Human Genetics, Philipps-University, Marburg, Germany
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37
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Paul CD, Bishop K, Devine A, Paine EL, Staunton JR, Thomas SM, Thomas JR, Doyle AD, Miller Jenkins LM, Morgan NY, Sood R, Tanner K. Tissue Architectural Cues Drive Organ Targeting of Tumor Cells in Zebrafish. Cell Syst 2019; 9:187-206.e16. [PMID: 31445892 DOI: 10.1016/j.cels.2019.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Revised: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Tumor cells encounter a myriad of physical cues upon arrest and extravasation in capillary beds. Here, we examined the role of physical factors in non-random organ colonization using a zebrafish xenograft model. We observed a two-step process by which mammalian mammary tumor cells showed non-random organ colonization. Initial homing was driven by vessel architecture, where greater numbers of cells became arrested in the topographically disordered blood vessels of the caudal vascular plexus (CVP) than in the linear vessels in the brain. Following arrest, bone-marrow- and brain-tropic clones exhibited organ-specific patterns of extravasation. Extravasation was mediated by β1 integrin, where knockdown of β1 integrin reduced extravasation in the CVP but did not affect extravasation of a brain-tropic clone in the brain. In contrast, silencing myosin 1B redirected early colonization from the brain to the CVP. Our results suggest that organ selectivity is driven by both vessel topography and cell-type-dependent extravasation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin D Paul
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Kevin Bishop
- Zebrafish Core, Translational and Functional Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Alexus Devine
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Elliott L Paine
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jack R Staunton
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Sarah M Thomas
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Joanna R Thomas
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Andrew D Doyle
- National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Lisa M Miller Jenkins
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Nicole Y Morgan
- National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Raman Sood
- Zebrafish Core, Translational and Functional Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Kandice Tanner
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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38
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Majcher U, Urbaniak A, Maj E, Moshari M, Delgado M, Wietrzyk J, Bartl F, Chambers TC, Tuszynski JA, Huczyński A. Synthesis, antiproliferative activity and molecular docking of thiocolchicine urethanes. Bioorg Chem 2018; 81:553-566. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2018.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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39
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Bücker R, Schaefer C, Gruber AD, Hoppe J, Lazzerini L, Barinoff J, Sehouli J, Cichon G. Establishment of a Mucin Secreting Cell Line Cx-03 from an Uterine Carcino Sarcoma. Pharm Res 2018; 36:7. [PMID: 30411161 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-018-2533-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The identification of novel cell lines which combine the most important properties of mucosal membranes in terms of drug absorption, transmembrane transport and mucus secretion can help to establish improved and meaningful test systems for pharmacological and infectiological studies. METHODS We have established a novel mucus secreting tumor cell line (Cx-03) derived from a female patient who underwent radical hysterectomy after diagnosis of a large malignant carcino sarcoma (Muellerian mixed tumor). Via xenotransplantation in SCID beige mice, recultivation and subcloning a stable cell line was established from primary tumor cells. RESULTS Human origin and novelty of the cell line was determined by karyotype analysis and STR fingerprint. During growth cells produce considerable amounts of a PAS positive viscoelastic mucus. Immunostaining revealed expression of mucins and the mucin modifier CLCA1. We demonstrate in initial electrophysiological experiments that confluent, polarized monolayers of Cx-03 are formed (on PCF-filter supports) that exhibit stable electrical resistance (> 600 Ω cm2). Confluent Cx-03 monolayers express barrier-forming tight junction proteins claudin-1 and -4 which co-localize with zonula occludens protein-1 (ZO-1) at cell-cell contacts. CONCLUSIONS Mucus secretion is a rare property among mammalian cell lines. In combination with its ability to form polarized monolayers Cx-03 might contribute as a novel cell based model for drug absorption, transport and barrier studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Bücker
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Clinical Physiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - C Schaefer
- Department of Gynecology, Charite-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - A D Gruber
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Free University Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - J Hoppe
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Free University Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - L Lazzerini
- Department of Gynecology, Charite-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - J Barinoff
- Department of Gynecology, Charite-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - J Sehouli
- Department of Gynecology, Charite-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Günter Cichon
- Department of Gynecology, Charite-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany.
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40
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Korch C, Varella-Garcia M. Tackling the Human Cell Line and Tissue Misidentification Problem Is Needed for Reproducible Biomedical Research. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yamp.2018.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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41
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Rižner TL, Adamski J. It is high time to discontinue use of misidentified and contaminated cells: Guidelines for description and authentication of cell lines. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2018; 182:1-3. [PMID: 29291987 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2017.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tea Lanišnik Rižner
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Vrazov trg 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Jerzy Adamski
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Genome Analysis Centre, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; German Centre for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany; Lehrstuhl für Experimentelle Genetik, Technische Universität München, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
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Abstract
The Cellosaurus is a knowledge resource on cell lines. It aims to describe all cell lines used in biomedical research. Its scope encompasses both vertebrates and invertebrates. Currently, information for >100,000 cell lines is provided. For each cell line, it provides a wealth of information, cross-references, and literature citations. The Cellosaurus is available on the ExPASy server (https://web.expasy.org/cellosaurus/) and can be downloaded in a variety of formats. Among its many uses, the Cellosaurus is a key resource to help researchers identify potentially contaminated/misidentified cell lines, thus contributing to improving the quality of research in the life sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amos Bairoch
- Computer and Laboratory Investigation of Proteins of Human Origin Group, Faculty of Medicine, Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Geneva, Geneva 4, Switzerland
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Schmitteckert S, Griesbeck A, Sumer S, Jauch A, Rolletschek A, Niesler B, Rappold GA, Hoffmann S. Murine transgenic embryonic stem cell lines for the investigation of sinoatrial node-related molecular pathways. Stem Cell Res 2017; 25:278-282. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2017.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Revised: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
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44
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Best practices in cell culture: an overview. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2017; 53:669-672. [DOI: 10.1007/s11626-017-0177-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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45
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Drexler HG, Dirks WG, MacLeod RAF, Uphoff CC. False and mycoplasma-contaminated leukemia-lymphoma cell lines: time for a reappraisal. Int J Cancer 2017; 140:1209-1214. [PMID: 27870004 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.30530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Revised: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Leukemia-lymphoma cell lines are important research tools in a variety of fields. To represent adequate model systems it is of utmost importance that cell lines faithfully model the primary tumor material and are not cross-contaminated with unrelated cell material (or contaminated with mycoplasma). As it has been previously reported that cross-contaminated cell lines represent a significant problem, it is of interest to know whether any improvement in the prevalence of such "false cell lines" had occurred since we called the alert in 1999. A retrospective review of our data archives covered 848 cell lines received from 1990 to 2014 from 290 laboratories in 23 countries spanning the spectrum of leukemia-lymphoma entities. Two variables were considered: authenticity and freedom from mycoplasma infection. Regarding provenance, we separately considered primary sources (original investigators having established the cell lines or reference repositories) and secondary sources. The percentages of mycoplasma-contaminated cell lines decreased significantly over the 25-year timespan. Among primary sourced material: mycoplasma-contamination fell from 23% to 0%; among secondary sourced: from 48% to 21%. The corresponding figures for cross-contamination declined from 15% to 6%, while among material obtained from secondary sources prevalence remained remarkably high, throughout the time periods at 14-18%. Taken together, our data indicate that using non-authenticated cell lines from secondary sources carries a risk of about 1:6 for obtaining a false cell line. The use of authentic leukemia-lymphoma cell lines holds important translational value for their model character and the reproducibility of the laboratory data in the clinical arena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans G Drexler
- Department of Human and Animal Cell Lines, Leibniz-Institute DSMZ-German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Wilhelm G Dirks
- Department of Human and Animal Cell Lines, Leibniz-Institute DSMZ-German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Roderick A F MacLeod
- Department of Human and Animal Cell Lines, Leibniz-Institute DSMZ-German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Cord C Uphoff
- Department of Human and Animal Cell Lines, Leibniz-Institute DSMZ-German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig, Germany
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Fusenig NE, Capes-Davis A, Bianchini F, Sundell S, Lichter P. The need for a worldwide consensus for cell line authentication: Experience implementing a mandatory requirement at the International Journal of Cancer. PLoS Biol 2017; 15:e2001438. [PMID: 28414712 PMCID: PMC5393552 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.2001438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell lines are used in life science research worldwide as biological surrogates. All cell lines are subject to major limitations when used as research tools, including (i) cross-contamination with other cells cultured in the same laboratory environment and (ii) evolution in vitro that renders a given cell line inappropriate as a surrogate for a specific biological hypothesis. There is ample evidence that cross-contamination or phenotypic drift of cells in culture can generate irreproducible or misleading data. A small number of scientific journals—the International Journal of Cancer being at the forefront—and funding agencies have recently moved forward to ask for obligatory cell line authentication data. The history of implementing such rules by the International Journal of Cancer exemplifies the difficulties encountered when installing mandatory quality measures in life sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amanda Capes-Davis
- CellBank Australia, Children's Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Franca Bianchini
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), International Journal of Cancer, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sherryl Sundell
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), International Journal of Cancer, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Peter Lichter
- Division of Molecular Genetics and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Hattar K, Reinert CP, Sibelius U, Gökyildirim MY, Subtil FSB, Wilhelm J, Eul B, Dahlem G, Grimminger F, Seeger W, Grandel U. Lipoteichoic acids from Staphylococcus aureus stimulate proliferation of human non-small-cell lung cancer cells in vitro. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2017; 66:799-809. [PMID: 28314957 PMCID: PMC5445152 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-017-1980-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary infections are frequent complications in lung cancer and may worsen its outcome and survival. Inflammatory mediators are suspected to promote tumor growth in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Hence, bacterial pathogens may affect lung cancer growth by activation of inflammatory signalling. Against this background, we investigated the effect of purified lipoteichoic acids (LTA) of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) on cellular proliferation and liberation of interleukin (IL)-8 in the NSCLC cell lines A549 and H226. A549 as well as H226 cells constitutively expressed TLR-2 mRNA. Even in low concentrations, LTA induced a prominent increase in cellular proliferation of A549 cells as quantified by automatic cell counting. In parallel, metabolic activity of A549 cells was enhanced. The increase in proliferation was accompanied by an increase in IL-8 mRNA expression and a dose- and time-dependent release of IL-8. Cellular proliferation as well as the release of IL-8 was dependent on specific ligation of TLR-2. Interestingly, targeting IL-8 by neutralizing antibodies completely abolished the LTA-induced proliferation of A549 cells. The pro-proliferative effect of LTA could also be reproduced in the squamous NSCLC cell line H226. In summary, LTA of S. aureus induced proliferation of NSCLC cell lines of adeno- and squamous cell carcinoma origin. Ligation of TLR-2 followed by auto- or paracrine signalling by endogenously synthesized IL-8 is centrally involved in LTA-induced tumor cell proliferation. Therefore, pulmonary infections may exert a direct pro-proliferative effect on lung cancer growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja Hattar
- Department of Internal Medicine IV/V, University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Klinikstrasse 33, Giessen, Germany
| | - Christian P Reinert
- Department of Internal Medicine IV/V, University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Klinikstrasse 33, Giessen, Germany
| | - Ulf Sibelius
- Department of Internal Medicine IV/V, University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Klinikstrasse 33, Giessen, Germany
| | - Mira Y Gökyildirim
- Department of Internal Medicine IV/V, University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Klinikstrasse 33, Giessen, Germany
| | | | - Jochen Wilhelm
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Giessen, Germany
| | - Bastian Eul
- Department of Internal Medicine IV/V, University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Klinikstrasse 33, Giessen, Germany
| | - Gabriele Dahlem
- Department of Internal Medicine IV/V, University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Klinikstrasse 33, Giessen, Germany
| | - Friedrich Grimminger
- Department of Internal Medicine IV/V, University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Klinikstrasse 33, Giessen, Germany
| | - Werner Seeger
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Giessen, Germany.,Max-Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Ulrich Grandel
- Department of Internal Medicine IV/V, University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Klinikstrasse 33, Giessen, Germany. .,Asklepios Klinik Lich, Lich, Germany.
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Feng H, Zhang Y, Liu K, Zhu Y, Yang Z, Zhang X, Liu Y. Intrinsic gene changes determine the successful establishment of stable renal cancer cell lines from tumor tissue. Int J Cancer 2017; 140:2526-2534. [DOI: 10.1002/ijc.30674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Revised: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hailiang Feng
- Cell Resource Center, Department of Pathology; Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tsinghua University; Beijing China
| | - Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Department of Urology; Chinese People's Liberation Army Medical School, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital; Beijing China
| | - Kan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Department of Urology; Chinese People's Liberation Army Medical School, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital; Beijing China
| | - Yan Zhu
- Cell Resource Center, Department of Pathology; Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tsinghua University; Beijing China
| | - Zhenli Yang
- Cell Resource Center, Department of Pathology; Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tsinghua University; Beijing China
| | - Xu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Department of Urology; Chinese People's Liberation Army Medical School, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital; Beijing China
| | - Yuqin Liu
- Cell Resource Center, Department of Pathology; Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tsinghua University; Beijing China
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Incorrect strain information for mouse cell lines: sequential influence of misidentification on sublines. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2016; 53:225-230. [PMID: 27844419 PMCID: PMC5348555 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-016-0104-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2016] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Misidentification or cross-contamination of cell lines can cause serious issues. Human cell lines have been authenticated by short tandem repeat profiling; however, mouse cell lines have not been adequately assessed. In this study, mouse cell lines registered with the JCRB cell bank were examined by simple sequence length polymorphism (SSLP) analysis to identify their strains. Based on comparisons with 7 major inbred strains, our results revealed their strains in 80 of 90 cell lines. However, 12 of the 80 cell lines (15%) were found to differ from registered information. Of them, 4 cell lines originated from the same mouse, which had been generated through mating between two different inbred strains. The genotype of the mouse sample had not been examined after the backcross, leading to strain misidentification in those cell lines. Although 8 other cell lines had been established as sublines of a BALB/c cell line, their SSLP profiles are similar to a Swiss cell line. This affects differences in genotypes between inbred and outbred strains. Because the use of inbred samples and interbreeding between strains are not involved in human materials, our results suggest that the cause and influence of misidentification in mouse cell lines are different from those in human.
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Abstract
Different genomic technologies have been applied to cell line authentication, but only one method (short tandem repeat [STR] profiling) has been the subject of a comprehensive and definitive standard (ASN-0002). Here we discuss the power of this document and why standards such as this are so critical for establishing the consensus technical criteria and practices that can enable progress in the fields of research that use cell lines. We also examine other methods that could be used for authentication and discuss how a combination of methods could be used in a holistic fashion to assess various critical aspects of the quality of cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie L. Almeida
- Biosystems and Biomaterials Division, The National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Kenneth D. Cole
- Biosystems and Biomaterials Division, The National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Anne L. Plant
- Biosystems and Biomaterials Division, The National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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