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Frenoy P, Cano-Sancho G, Antignac JP, Marchand P, Marques C, Ren X, Severi G, Perduca V, Mancini FR. Blood levels of persistent organic pollutants among women in France in the 90's: Main profiles and individual determinants. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 258:119468. [PMID: 38908663 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.119468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVES Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are a group of organic chemical compounds potentially toxic to human health. The objectives of this study were 1) to describe the levels of POPs biomarkers in blood samples from French women collected during the 1990s and to compare them with levels measured in two more recent French studies, 2) to identify POPs exposure profiles, and 3) to explore their main determinants. METHODS 73 POPs biomarkers were measured in the blood of 468 women from the French E3N cohort (aged 45-73 years), collected between 1994 and 1999: 28 per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, 27 organochlorine pesticides, 14 polychlorinated biphenyls and 4 polybrominated diphenyl ethers. POPs biomarker levels were described and compared with levels measured in two more recent French studies conducted by the French National Public Health Agency, the ENNS and Esteban studies. Principal component analysis was performed on POPs quantified in at least 75% of samples to identify the main exposure profiles. Linear regression models were used to estimate the associations between anthropometric, socio-demographic and lifestyle characteristics and exposure to these profiles. RESULTS Among the 73 biomarkers measured, 41 were quantified in more than 75% of samples. Levels of most pollutants that were also measured in the Esteban of ENNS studies have decreased over time. Six POPs exposure profiles were revealed, explaining 62.1% of the total variance. Most of the characteristics studied were associated with adherence to at least one of these profiles. CONCLUSION This study highlighted that most of the pollutants for which a comparison was possible decreased over the 10 or 20 years following the E3N blood collection, and identified those which, on the contrary, tended to increase. The health effects of the profiles identified could be assessed in future studies. The determinants identified should be confirmed in larger populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Frenoy
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, Gustave Roussy, CESP, 94805, Villejuif, France
| | | | | | | | - Chloé Marques
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, Gustave Roussy, CESP, 94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Xuan Ren
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, Gustave Roussy, CESP, 94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Gianluca Severi
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, Gustave Roussy, CESP, 94805, Villejuif, France; Department of Statistics, Computer Science, Applications "G. Parenti", University of Florence, Italy
| | - Vittorio Perduca
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, Gustave Roussy, CESP, 94805, Villejuif, France; Université Paris Cité, CNRS, MAP5, F-75006, Paris, France
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Pesonen M, Vähäkangas K. Involvement of per- and polyfluoroalkyl compounds in tumor development. Arch Toxicol 2024; 98:1241-1252. [PMID: 38478087 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-024-03685-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a large group of synthetic persistent chemicals, which are used in many industrial and commercial applications. Hundreds of different PFAS have been identified in the environment and they are commonly found also in human blood. Due to the chemical stability and extensive use, PFAS pose a risk for human health and wildlife. Mounting evidence indicates that PFAS-exposure adversely affects many organs including liver, kidney, and reproductive tissues and induces tumors in laboratory rodents. Epidemiological studies show association between PFAS-exposure and some tumors also in humans. Effects of PFAS-exposure are complex and obviously do not depend only on the concentration and the structure of PFAS, but also on age and sex of the exposed individuals. It has been difficult to show a causal link between PFAS-exposure and tumors. Moreover, molecular mechanisms of the PFAS effects in different tissues are poorly understood. PFAS are not directly mutagenic and they do not induce formation of DNA binding metabolites, and thus are assumed to act more through non-genotoxic mechanisms. In this review, we discuss the involvement of PFAS-compounds in tumor development in tissues where PFAS exposure has been associated with cancer in epidemiological and animal studies (liver, kidney, testicle and breast). We will focus on molecular pathways and mechanisms related to tumor formation following PFAS-exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maija Pesonen
- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Pharmacy/Toxicology, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, 70211, Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Kirsi Vähäkangas
- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Pharmacy/Toxicology, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, 70211, Kuopio, Finland
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Wang H, Zhang H, Hu S, Xu T, Yang Y, Cao M, Wei S, Song Y, Han J, Yin D. Insight into the differential toxicity of PFOA and PFBA based on a 3D-cultured MDA-MB-231 cell model. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 465:133499. [PMID: 38219595 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are a category of high-concerned emerging contaminants which are suspected to correlate with various human adverse health outcomes including tumors. It is also a question whether short-chain PFASs are qualified alternatives under the regulation of long-chain PFASs. In this study, a three-dimensional (3D) culture system based on Gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) hydrogel matrix was used to investigate the impacts of 120-h perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorobutanoic acid (PFBA) exposure of MDA-MB-231 cells. The results showed that PFOA exposure promoted the proliferation, migration, and invasion of MDA-MB-231 cells in an environmentally relevant concentration range (0.1 to 10 μM), exhibiting a clear malignant-promoting risk. In contrast, PFBA only showed a trend to induce non-invasive cell migration. Hippo/YAP signaling pathway was identified as the contributor to the differences between the two PFASs. PFOA but PFBA reduced YAP phosphorylation and increased the nuclear content of YAP, which further facilitated abundant key factors of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process. Our results provided a new idea for the carcinogenicity of PFOA using a 3D-based paradigm. Although the effects by PFBA were much milder than PFOA in the current test duration, the cell model suitable for longer exposure is still necessary to better assess the safety of alternative short-chain PFASs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Hongchang Zhang
- Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Shuangqing Hu
- Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Ting Xu
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Yiheng Yang
- Clinical Medicine Scientific and Technical Innovation Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Miao Cao
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Sheng Wei
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yiqun Song
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jing Han
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Daqiang Yin
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China
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Li L, Guo Y, Ma S, Wen H, Li Y, Qiao J. Association between exposure to per- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and reproductive hormones in human: A systematic review and meta-analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 241:117553. [PMID: 37931739 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) is persistent endocrine disrupting chemicals. Previous evidence suggests that exposure to PFAS is associated with reproductive hormone levels, but the results of relevant studies are inconsistent. The objective of our study is to determine the association between exposure to PFAS and reproductive hormone levels in gender-specific general population. METHOD Based on scientific search strategies, we systematically searched PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Medline, and Scopus to obtain the eligible studies published before January 21, 2023. The quality of the included articles was assessed using the Office of Health Assessment and Translation (OHAT) Risk of Bias tool. We combined the β coefficient and 95% confidence intervals (CI) using Stata.17 with random-effect model or fixed-effect model. We also performed subgroup analysis, sensitivity analysis, and Begger's and Egger's tests. RESULTS Eleven studies involving 7714 participants were included. Meta-analysis showed that PFHxS exposure was positively associated with estradiol (E2) levels in female [β = 0.030, 95% CI: (0.013, 0.046), P = 0.000]. A negative association was found between PFOA [β = -0.012, 95% CI: (-0.023, -0.002), P = 0.017] and PFOS [β = -0.011; 95% CI: (-0.021, -0.000), P = 0.042] exposure with male testosterone (TT) levels. In the subgroup analysis, there were stronger associations in children than in adults. And the high heterogeneity was mainly due to the cross-sectional studies. Publication bias was not found in most of the analyses. CONCLUSION Our study showed that PFAS exposure was significantly associated with reproductive hormone levels. Further related studies are needed to identify the association and potential mechanism in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Li
- School of Nursing, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250117, China
| | - Yingkun Guo
- School of Nursing, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China
| | - Shuai Ma
- School of Nursing, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250117, China
| | - Hui Wen
- School of Nursing, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China
| | - Yupei Li
- School of Nursing, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250117, China
| | - Jianhong Qiao
- School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250014, China.
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Qin XD, Zhou Y, Bloom MS, Qian Z(M, Geiger SD, Vaughn MG, Chu C, Li QQ, Yang BY, Hu LW, Yu Y, Zeng XW, Dong GH. Prenatal Exposure to PFAS, Associations with Preterm Birth and Modification by Maternal Estrogen Levels: The Maoming Birth Study. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2023; 131:117006. [PMID: 37962440 PMCID: PMC10644897 DOI: 10.1289/ehp11377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Estrogens play a critical role in parturition, and poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), which have estrogenic effects, have been associated with preterm birth. However, the impact of estrogens on the association between PFAS and preterm birth is unknown. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to investigate if estrogens modified the association between PFAS and preterm birth, using a nested case-control study design. METHODS A total of 371 preterm births and 508 controls were selected from a birth cohort study in China between 2016 and 2018. Perfluorobutanoic acid (PFBA), perfluorohexanesulfonic acid (PFHxS) and its branched isomer, perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) and its branched isomer, and perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA) were quantified in maternal serum (mean gestational age of 32 wk). Estradiol and estriol were quantified in cord serum. Preterm birth was defined as live delivery at < 37 gestational weeks. Causal mediation analysis was used to estimate the mediation and interaction effects of estrogen on the association between PFAS and preterm birth. Latent profile analysis was used to identify important estrogen profiles. Multiple linear regression was used to estimate associations between PFAS and preterm birth and interactions between PFAS and estrogens on preterm birth. RESULTS Overall, higher odds ratios (ORs) of preterm birth were associated with each 1 ln-unit PFAS increase: PFBA [1.20, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.14, 1.26], PFNA (1.30, 95% CI: 1.21, 1.39), PFOA (1.98, 95% CI: 1.54, 2.55), and PFOS (1.91, 95% CI: 1.76, 2.07) and its branched isomer (1.91, 95% CI: 1.90, 1.92). We detected statistically significant interactions between cord estradiol and PFAS on preterm birth, while no mediation effects of cord estrogen were observed. The ORs of PFOS (4.29, 95% CI: 1.31, 8.25), its branched isomer (6.71, 95% CI: 1.06, 11.91), and preterm birth were greater for participants with high cord estrogen levels than for participants with low cord estrogen levels. DISCUSSION Our findings suggest that estrogen modified the association between maternal PFAS exposure and preterm birth. Further studies on maternal PFAS exposure and preterm birth, taking interaction effects of cord estrogens into account, are warranted. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP11377.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Di Qin
- Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Guangzhou, China
| | - Michael S. Bloom
- Department of Global and Community Health, College of Health and Human Services, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia, USA
| | - Zhengmin (Min) Qian
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College for Public Health & Social Justice, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Sarah Dee Geiger
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, Illinois, USA
| | - Michael G. Vaughn
- School of Social Work, College for Public Health & Social Justice, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Chu Chu
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qing-Qing Li
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bo-Yi Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li-Wen Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunjiang Yu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Wen Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guang-Hui Dong
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Wielsøe M, Molina-Molina JM, Rodríguez-Carrillo A, Mustieles V, Olea N, Fernandez MF, Bonefeld-Jørgensen EC. Xeno-estrogenic activity of real-life mixtures of perfluoroalkylated substances in human placenta homogenates. Reprod Toxicol 2023; 120:108444. [PMID: 37473930 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2023.108444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Humans are simultaneously exposed to complex chemical mixtures, and its combined effect can affect human health. As part of the HBM4EU project, the actual mixture of perfluoroalkylated substances (PFAS) in 25 human placenta samples was extracted by chromatographic methods and assessed for xeno-estrogenic activity using two in-vitro bioassays: the estrogen receptor transactivity and the E-Screen assay. Most of the PFAS extracts displayed xeno-estrogenic activity, in one or both assays. The xeno-estrogenic activities in the two bioassays were not correlated, but both assays showed an overall negative correlation with placenta concentrations of single PFAS. Xeno-estrogenic activities were significantly related to maternal characteristics; being higher in young, smokers and primiparous women, but not with fetal growth (birth weight, birth length, head circumference, gestational age, placenta weight). The presented extraction method can be used to study the combined effect of real-life mixtures of PFAS in relation to health outcomes in large-scale human biomonitoring studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Wielsøe
- Centre for Arctic Health & Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark.
| | - Jose-Manuel Molina-Molina
- Center for Biomedical Research (CIBM) & Department of Radiology and Physical Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Granada, E-18016 Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs.GRANADA), E-18012 Granada, Spain
| | - Andrea Rodríguez-Carrillo
- Center for Biomedical Research (CIBM) & Department of Radiology and Physical Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Granada, E-18016 Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs.GRANADA), E-18012 Granada, Spain
| | - Vicente Mustieles
- Center for Biomedical Research (CIBM) & Department of Radiology and Physical Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Granada, E-18016 Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs.GRANADA), E-18012 Granada, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBERESP), E-28029, Spain
| | - Nicolas Olea
- Center for Biomedical Research (CIBM) & Department of Radiology and Physical Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Granada, E-18016 Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs.GRANADA), E-18012 Granada, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBERESP), E-28029, Spain
| | - Mariana F Fernandez
- Center for Biomedical Research (CIBM) & Department of Radiology and Physical Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Granada, E-18016 Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs.GRANADA), E-18012 Granada, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBERESP), E-28029, Spain
| | - Eva Cecilie Bonefeld-Jørgensen
- Centre for Arctic Health & Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark; Greenland Centre for Health Research, University of Greenland, Nuuk, GRL-3905 Nuussuaq, Greenland
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Durham J, Tessmann JW, Deng P, Hennig B, Zaytseva YY. The role of perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) exposure in inflammation of intestinal tissues and intestinal carcinogenesis. FRONTIERS IN TOXICOLOGY 2023; 5:1244457. [PMID: 37662676 PMCID: PMC10469509 DOI: 10.3389/ftox.2023.1244457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
PFAS (per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances) are organofluorine substances that are used commercially in products like non-stick cookware, food packaging, personal care products, fire-fighting foam, etc. These chemicals have several different subtypes made of varying numbers of carbon and fluorine atoms. PFAS substances that have longer carbon chains, such as PFOS (perfluorooctane sulfonic acid), can potentially pose a significant public health risk due to their ability to bioaccumulate and persist for long periods of time in the body and the environment. The National Academies Report suggests there is some evidence of PFOS exposure and gastrointestinal (GI) inflammation contributing to ulcerative colitis. Inflammatory bowel diseases such as ulcerative colitis are precursors to colorectal cancer. However, evidence about the association between PFOS and colorectal cancer is limited and has shown contradictory findings. This review provides an overview of population and preclinical studies on PFOS exposure and GI inflammation, metabolism, immune responses, and carcinogenesis. It also highlights some mitigation approaches to reduce the harmful effects of PFOS on GI tract and discusses the dietary strategies, such as an increase in soluble fiber intake, to reduce PFOS-induced alterations in cellular lipid metabolism. More importantly, this review demonstrates the urgent need to better understand the relationship between PFOS and GI pathology and carcinogenesis, which will enable development of better approaches for interventions in populations exposed to high levels of PFAS, and in particular to PFOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerika Durham
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Josiane Weber Tessmann
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Pan Deng
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Bernhard Hennig
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Yekaterina Y. Zaytseva
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
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Kim JI, Kim BN, Lee YA, Shin CH, Hong YC, Døssing LD, Hildebrandt G, Lim YH. Association between early-childhood exposure to perfluoroalkyl substances and ADHD symptoms: A prospective cohort study. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 879:163081. [PMID: 36972880 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
There is evidence that exposure to perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) is associated with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms. Previous studies have focused on prenatal exposure to PFAS, and only few studies have examined the associations of early-childhood exposure, especially at low exposure levels. This study explored the association between early-childhood exposure to PFAS and ADHD symptoms later in childhood. In 521 children, we measured the serum levels of six PFAS in peripheral blood at the ages of 2 and 4 years, including perfluorooctanoate (PFOA), perfluornonanoicacid (PFNA), perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA), perfluoroundecanoic acid (PFUnDA), perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS), and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS). The ADHD Rating Scale IV (ARS) was utilized to measure ADHD traits at 8 years of age. We explored the relationship between PFAS and ARS scores using Poisson regression models after adjusting for potential confounders. Levels of exposure to individual PFAS and the summed value were divided into quartiles to examine possible nonlinear relationships. All six PFAS exhibited inverted U-shaped curves. Children in the 2nd and 3rd quartile levels of each PFAS showed higher ARS scores than those in the1st quartile level. Below the 3rd quartile of the summed levels of six PFAS (ΣPFAS), a doubling of the ΣPFAS was associated with an 20.0 % (95 % CI: 9.5 %, 31.5 %) increase in ADHD scores. However, at the age of 4 years, none of the evaluated PFAS exhibited linear or nonlinear associations with the ARS scores. Thus, school-aged children may be vulnerable to the neurotoxic effects of exposure to PFAS at age 2 that contribute to ADHD, particularly at low to mid-levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Inhyang Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Hanyang University Medical Center, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seondong-gu, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Bung-Nyun Kim
- Division of Children and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehangno, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Ah Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehangno, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Choong Ho Shin
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehangno, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Chul Hong
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehangno, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea; Environmental Health Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehangno, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea; Institute of Environmental Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, 103 Daehangno, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Lise Dalgaard Døssing
- Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Oster Farmagsgade 5, 1014 Kobenhavn, Denmark
| | - Gustav Hildebrandt
- Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Oster Farmagsgade 5, 1014 Kobenhavn, Denmark
| | - Youn-Hee Lim
- Environmental Health Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehangno, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea; Institute of Environmental Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, 103 Daehangno, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea; Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Oster Farmagsgade 5, 1014 Kobenhavn, Denmark.
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Liu Q, Liu Y, Li X, Wang D, Zhang A, Pang J, He J, Chen X, Tang NJ. Perfluoroalkyl substances promote breast cancer progression via ERα and GPER mediated PI3K/Akt and MAPK/Erk signaling pathways. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 258:114980. [PMID: 37148752 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are a classic environmental endocrine disruptor with carcinogenic risk. Epidemiological studies have shown that PFASs contamination is associated with breast cancer development, but the mechanism remains largely unknown. This study first obtained complex biological information about PFASs-induced breast cancer through the comparative toxicogenomics database (CTD). The Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) network, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Gene Ontology (GO) analysis were utilized to investigate molecular pathways. The ESR1 and GPER expression levels at different pathological stages and the prognosis of Breast Cancer patients were confirmed using the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Furthermore, we verified this by cellular experiments and the results showed breast cancer cell migration and invasion were promoted by PFOA. Two estrogen receptors (ER), ERα and G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER), mediated the promoting effects of PFOA by activating MAPK/Erk and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways. These pathways were regulated by ERα and GPER in MCF-7 cells or independently by GPER in MDA-MB-231 cells. Overall, our study provides a better overview of the mechanisms associated with PFASs-induced breast cancer development and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianfeng Liu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Yongzhe Liu
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Ai Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Jing Pang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Hohhot Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hohhot 010070, China
| | - Jiayu He
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.
| | - Nai-Jun Tang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
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10
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Tapper MA, Denny JS, Sheedy BR, Johnson B, Kolanczyk RC. Estrogenic Activity of Perfluoro Carboxylic and Sulfonic Acids in Rainbow Trout Estrogen Receptor Binding and Liver Slice Vtg mRNA Expression Assays. APPLIED IN VITRO TOXICOLOGY 2023; 9:13-22. [PMID: 38840692 PMCID: PMC11151740 DOI: 10.1089/aivt.2022.0013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Perfluoroalkylated substances (PFAS) such as carboxylic acids, and sulfonic acids were manufactured in high quantities and are ubiquitous environmental contaminants. These chemicals persist in the environment and tend to bioaccumulate. In the current study, the estrogenic potential of a series of perfluoro carboxylic acids and select perfluoro sulfonic acids were assessed in an in vitro rainbow trout estrogen receptor (rtER) binding assay and an ex vivo rtER dependent vitellogenin (Vtg) expression rainbow trout liver slice assay. Perfluoro carboxylic acids with perfluoroalkyl chain lengths of four to six did not significantly bind to the rtER or induce Vtg expression in liver slices. Perfluoro carboxylic acids with chain lengths of seven to ten, and sulfonic acids with seven and eight carbon chains bound to the rtER, but with low relative binding affinities. While affinity for the rtER increased with increasing chain length the highest affinity measured was only 0.0025% relative to the endogenous hormone 17ß-estradiol at 100%. Both the eight-carbon carboxylic acid and eight-carbon sulfonic acid induced Vtg expression in ex vivo liver slices. However, toxicity did not allow expression to achieve maximum efficacy relative to estradiol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Tapper
- USEPA, ORD, CCTE, GLTED, 6201 Congdon Boulevard, Duluth, MN 55804
| | - Jeffrey S Denny
- USEPA, ORD, CCTE, GLTED, 6201 Congdon Boulevard, Duluth, MN 55804
| | - Barbara R Sheedy
- USEPA, ORD, CCTE, GLTED, 6201 Congdon Boulevard, Duluth, MN 55804
| | - Ben Johnson
- Wisconsin Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, 445 Easterday Ln. Madison, WI 53706
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11
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Feng Y, Bai Y, Lu Y, Chen M, Fu M, Guan X, Cao Q, Yuan F, Jie J, Li M, Meng H, Wang C, Hong S, Zhou Y, Zhang X, He M, Guo H. Plasma perfluoroalkyl substance exposure and incidence risk of breast cancer: A case-cohort study in the Dongfeng-Tongji cohort. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 306:119345. [PMID: 35472559 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Experimental studies have suggested perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) as mammary toxicants, but few studies evaluated the prospective associations of PFASs with breast cancer risk. We performed a case-cohort study within the Dongfeng-Tongji cohort, including incident breast cancer cases (n = 226) and a random sub-cohort (n = 990). Baseline plasma concentrations of four perfluorinated carboxylic acids (PFCAs) [perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA), and perfluoroheptanoic acid (PFHpA)] and two perfluorinated sulfonic acids (PFSAs) [perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) and perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS)] were measured. Barlow-weighted Cox regression models revealed that each 1-unit increase in ln-transformed PFOA and PFHpA was associated with a separate 35% and 20% elevated incident risk of breast cancer [HR(95%CI) = 1.35(1.03, 1.78) and 1.20(1.02, 1.40), respectively], which were also significant among postmenopausal females [HR(95%CI) = 1.34(1.01, 1.77) and 1.23 (1.02, 1.48), respectively]. Quantile g-computation analysis observed a 19% increased incident risk of breast cancer along with each simultaneous quartile increase in all ln-transformed PFCA concentrations [HR(95%CI) = 1.19(1.01, 1.41)], with PFOA accounting for 56% of the positive effect. Our findings firstly revealed the impact of short-chain PFHpA on increased incident risk of breast cancer, suggested exposure to PFASs as a risk factor for breast cancer, and shed light on breast cancer prevention by regulating PFASs as a chemical class.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Feng
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yansen Bai
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanjun Lu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Mengshi Chen
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ming Fu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xin Guan
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiang Cao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Fangfang Yuan
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiali Jie
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Mengying Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hua Meng
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chenming Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shiru Hong
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuhan Zhou
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaomin Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Meian He
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Huan Guo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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12
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Jiang H, Liu H, Liu G, Yu J, Liu N, Jin Y, Bi Y, Wang H. Associations between Polyfluoroalkyl Substances Exposure and Breast Cancer: A Meta-Analysis. TOXICS 2022; 10:toxics10060318. [PMID: 35736926 PMCID: PMC9227283 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10060318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are persistent pollutants that may cause breast cancer. However, associations between exposure to PFASs and the risk of breast cancer are controversial. We retrieved studies on the association between PFASs—perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS), and perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS)—and breast cancer risk in women from PubMed, Embase, and the Web of Science. The pooled odds ratios (ORs) or relative risks (RRs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were extracted or calculated from provided data. Moreover, subgroup and metaregression analyses were performed to distinguish the potential sources of heterogeneity between studies. Lastly, eight original studies were included in the meta-analysis. PFOA and PFHxS were positively correlated with breast cancer risk, and the pooled ORs (and 95% CIs) were 1.32 (1.19 and 1.46) and 1.79 (1.51 and 2.11), respectively. PFNA was negatively correlated with breast cancer risk and the pooled OR (and 95% CIs) was 0.76 (0.6 and 0.96), and PFOS was shown to have no correlation with breast cancer risk and the pooled OR (and 95% CIs) was 1.01 (0.87 and 1.17). All results were merged in a random-effects model with significant heterogeneities (I2 > 90%, p < 0.001). The results demonstrated that PFASs might be potential risk factors for breast cancer, and the compounds in low exposure levels could have a more harmful impact on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Hong Wang
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +027-6875-8591
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13
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Santaliz Casiano A, Lee A, Teteh D, Madak Erdogan Z, Treviño L. Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals and Breast Cancer: Disparities in Exposure and Importance of Research Inclusivity. Endocrinology 2022; 163:6553110. [PMID: 35325096 PMCID: PMC9391683 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqac034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are known contributors to breast cancer development. Exposures to EDCs commonly occur through food packaging, cookware, fabrics, and personal care products, as well as external environmental sources. Increasing evidence highlights disparities in EDC exposure across racial/ethnic groups, yet breast cancer research continues to lack the inclusion necessary to positively impact treatment response and overall survival in socially disadvantaged populations. Additionally, the inequity in environmental exposures has yet to be remedied. Exposure to EDCs due to structural racism poses an unequivocal risk to marginalized communities. In this review, we summarize recent epidemiological and molecular studies on 2 lesser-studied EDCs, the per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and the parabens, the health disparities that exist in EDC exposure between populations, and their association with breast carcinogenesis. We discuss the importance of understanding the relationship between EDC exposure and breast cancer development, particularly to promote efforts to mitigate exposures and improve breast cancer disparities in socially disadvantaged populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashlie Santaliz Casiano
- Food Science and Human Nutrition Department, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Annah Lee
- Department of Population Sciences, Division of Health Equities, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Dede Teteh
- Department of Population Sciences, Division of Health Equities, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
- Department of Health Sciences, Crean College of Health and Behavioral Sciences, Chapman University, Orange, CA 92866, USA
| | - Zeynep Madak Erdogan
- Food Science and Human Nutrition Department, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Carle Illinois, College of Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Correspondence: Zeynep Madak Erdogan, PhD, Food Science and Human Nutrition Department, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, 1201 W. Gregory Dr., Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
| | - Lindsey Treviño
- Department of Population Sciences, Division of Health Equities, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
- Correspondence: Lindsey S. Treviño, PhD, Department of Population Sciences, Division of Health Equities, Duarte - Main Campus, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1500 East Duarte Road, Duarte, CA 91010, USA.
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14
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Frenoy P, Perduca V, Cano-Sancho G, Antignac JP, Severi G, Mancini FR. Application of two statistical approaches (Bayesian Kernel Machine Regression and Principal Component Regression) to assess breast cancer risk in association to exposure to mixtures of brominated flame retardants and per- and polyfluorinated alkylated substances in the E3N cohort. Environ Health 2022; 21:27. [PMID: 35216589 PMCID: PMC8881807 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-022-00840-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brominated flame retardants (BFR) and per- and polyfluorinated alkylated substances (PFAS) are two groups of substances suspected to act as endocrine disruptors. Such substances could therefore be implicated in the occurrence of breast cancer, nevertheless, previous studies have led to inconstant results. Due to the large correlation between these substances, and the possibly non-linear effects they exert, evaluating their joint impact as mixtures on health remains challenging. This exploratory study aimed to generate hypotheses on the relationship between circulating levels of 7 BFR (6 polybrominated diphenyl ethers and 1 polybrominated biphenyls) and 11 PFAS and the risk of breast cancer in a case-control study nested in the E3N French prospective cohort by performing two methods: Principal Component Regression (PCR) models, and Bayesian Kernel Machine Regression (BKMR) models. METHODS 194 post-menopausal breast cancer cases and 194 controls were included in the present study. Circulating levels of BFR and PFAS were measured by gas chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry, respectively. The first statistical approach was based on Principal Component Analysis (PCA) followed by logistic regression models that included the identified principal components as main exposure variables. The second approach used BKMR models with hierarchical variable selection, this latter being suitable for highly correlated exposures. Both approaches were also run separately for Estrogen Receptor positive (ER +) and Estrogen Receptor negative (ER-) breast cancer cases. RESULTS PCA identified four principal components accounting for 67% of the total variance. Component 3 showed a marginal association with ER + breast cancer risk. No clear association between BFR and PFAS mixtures and breast cancer was identified using BKMR models, and the credible intervals obtained were very wide. Finally, the BKMR models suggested a negative cumulative effect of BFR and PFAS on ER- breast cancer risk, and a positive cumulative effect on ER + breast cancer risk. CONCLUSION Although globally no clear association was identified, both approaches suggested a differential effect of BFR and PFAS mixtures on ER + and ER- breast cancer risk. However, the results for ER- breast cancer should be interpreted carefully due to the small number of ER- cases included in the study. Further studies evaluating mixtures of substances on larger study populations are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Frenoy
- Paris-Saclay University, UVSQ, Inserm, Gustave Roussy, "Exposome and Heredity" Team, CESP UMR1018, 94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Vittorio Perduca
- Paris-Saclay University, UVSQ, Inserm, Gustave Roussy, "Exposome and Heredity" Team, CESP UMR1018, 94805, Villejuif, France
- Laboratoire MAP5 (UMR CNRS 8145), Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | | | | | - Gianluca Severi
- Paris-Saclay University, UVSQ, Inserm, Gustave Roussy, "Exposome and Heredity" Team, CESP UMR1018, 94805, Villejuif, France
- Department of Statistics, Computer Science, Applications "G. Parenti", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesca Romana Mancini
- Paris-Saclay University, UVSQ, Inserm, Gustave Roussy, "Exposome and Heredity" Team, CESP UMR1018, 94805, Villejuif, France.
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15
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Forsthuber M, Widhalm R, Granitzer S, Kaiser AM, Moshammer H, Hengstschläger M, Dolznig H, Gundacker C. Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) inhibits vessel formation in a human 3D co-culture angiogenesis model (NCFs/HUVECs). ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 293:118543. [PMID: 34800587 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) is a ubiquitous environmental pollutant. In humans, PFOS exposure has been associated with a number of adverse health outcomes, including reduced birth weight. Whether PFOS is capable of affecting angiogenesis and thus possibly fetal development is unknown. Therefore, we investigated 1) the metabolic activity of PFOS-exposed endothelial cells (human umbilical vein endothelial cells, HUVECs), fibroblasts (normal colon fibroblasts, NCFs), and epithelial cells (human colorectal carcinoma cells, HCT116), 2) PFOS-specific inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR)2 stimulation in KDR/NFAT-RE HEK293 cells, and 3) the antiangiogenic potential of PFOS in a 3D in vitro angiogenesis model of HUVECs and NCFs. In terms of metabolic activity, endothelial cells (HUVECs) were much more sensitive to PFOS than fibroblasts (NCFs) or epithelial cells (HCT116). VEGFR2 signaling in KDR/NFAT-RE HEK293 cells decreased with increasing PFOS concentrations. In co-culture (angiogenesis assay), PFOS treatment resulted in a dose-dependent reduction in tip and branch formation, tip length (μm), and total structural area (μm2) with stable metabolic activity of HUVECs up to high concentrations. We conclude that PFOS possesses antiangiogenic properties. Inhibition of VEGFR2 signaling indicates a possible mechanism of action that can be linked to an existing Adverse Outcome Pathway (AOP43) containing the AO reduced birth weight. Further studies are needed to confirm PFOS-specific adverse effects on angiogenesis, placental perfusion, and fetal growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Forsthuber
- Medical University of Vienna, Institute of Medical Genetics, Center for Pathobiochemistry and Genetics, Vienna, Austria; Medical University of Vienna, Department of Environmental Health, Center for Public Health, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Raimund Widhalm
- Medical University of Vienna, Institute of Medical Genetics, Center for Pathobiochemistry and Genetics, Vienna, Austria; Karl-Landsteiner Private University for Health Sciences, Krems, Austria
| | - Sebastian Granitzer
- Medical University of Vienna, Institute of Medical Genetics, Center for Pathobiochemistry and Genetics, Vienna, Austria; Karl-Landsteiner Private University for Health Sciences, Krems, Austria
| | - Andreas Marius Kaiser
- Medical University of Vienna, Institute of Medical Genetics, Center for Pathobiochemistry and Genetics, Vienna, Austria; Environment Agency Austria (EAA), Vienna, Austria
| | - Hanns Moshammer
- Medical University of Vienna, Department of Environmental Health, Center for Public Health, Vienna, Austria
| | - Markus Hengstschläger
- Medical University of Vienna, Institute of Medical Genetics, Center for Pathobiochemistry and Genetics, Vienna, Austria
| | - Helmut Dolznig
- Medical University of Vienna, Institute of Medical Genetics, Center for Pathobiochemistry and Genetics, Vienna, Austria
| | - Claudia Gundacker
- Medical University of Vienna, Institute of Medical Genetics, Center for Pathobiochemistry and Genetics, Vienna, Austria
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16
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Sakai G, Hirao-Suzuki M, Koga T, Kobayashi T, Kamishikiryo J, Tanaka M, Fujii K, Takiguchi M, Sugihara N, Toda A, Takeda S. Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) as a stimulator of estrogen receptor-negative breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cell aggressiveness: Evidence for involvement of fatty acid 2-hydroxylase (FA2H) in the stimulated cell migration. J Toxicol Sci 2022; 47:159-168. [DOI: 10.2131/jts.47.159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Genki Sakai
- Laboratory of Molecular Life Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuyama University
| | - Masayo Hirao-Suzuki
- Laboratory of Xenobiotic Metabolism and Environmental Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hiroshima International University
| | - Takayuki Koga
- Department of Hygienic Chemistry, Daiichi University of Pharmacy
| | | | - Jun Kamishikiryo
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuyama University
| | - Michitaka Tanaka
- Laboratory of Xenobiotic Metabolism and Environmental Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hiroshima International University
| | - Kiyonaga Fujii
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Daiichi University of Pharmacy
| | - Masufumi Takiguchi
- Laboratory of Xenobiotic Metabolism and Environmental Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hiroshima International University
| | - Narumi Sugihara
- Laboratory of Molecular Life Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuyama University
| | - Akihisa Toda
- Department of Hygienic Chemistry, Daiichi University of Pharmacy
| | - Shuso Takeda
- Laboratory of Molecular Life Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuyama University
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17
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Ješeta M, Navrátilová J, Franzová K, Fialková S, Kempisty B, Ventruba P, Žáková J, Crha I. Overview of the Mechanisms of Action of Selected Bisphenols and Perfluoroalkyl Chemicals on the Male Reproductive Axes. Front Genet 2021; 12:692897. [PMID: 34646297 PMCID: PMC8502804 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.692897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Male fertility has been deteriorating worldwide for considerable time, with the greatest deterioration recorded mainly in the United States, Europe countries, and Australia. That is, especially in countries where an abundance of chemicals called endocrine disruptors has repeatedly been reported, both in the environment and in human matrices. Human exposure to persistent and non-persistent chemicals is ubiquitous and associated with endocrine-disrupting effects. This group of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDC) can act as agonists or antagonists of hormone receptors and can thus significantly affect a number of physiological processes. It can even negatively affect human reproduction with an impact on the development of gonads and gametogenesis, fertilization, and the subsequent development of embryos. The negative effects of endocrine disruptors on sperm gametogenesis and male fertility in general have been investigated and repeatedly demonstrated in experimental and epidemiological studies. Male reproduction is affected by endocrine disruptors via their effect on testicular development, impact on estrogen and androgen receptors, potential epigenetic effect, production of reactive oxygen species or direct effect on spermatozoa and other cells of testicular tissue. Emerging scientific evidence suggests that the increasing incidence of male infertility is associated with the exposure to persistent and non-persistent endocrine-disrupting chemicals such as bisphenols and perfluoroalkyl chemicals (PFAS). These chemicals may impact men’s fertility through various mechanisms. This study provides an overview of the mechanisms of action common to persistent (PFAS) and nonpersistent (bisphenols) EDC on male fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Ješeta
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine Masaryk University and University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czechia.,Department of Veterinary Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czechia
| | - Jana Navrátilová
- RECETOX Centre, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Kateřina Franzová
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine Masaryk University and University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czechia
| | - Sandra Fialková
- RECETOX Centre, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Bartozs Kempisty
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland.,Department of Anatomy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland.,Department of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Torun, Poland.,Prestage Department of Poultry Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Pavel Ventruba
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine Masaryk University and University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czechia
| | - Jana Žáková
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine Masaryk University and University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czechia
| | - Igor Crha
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine Masaryk University and University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czechia.,Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
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18
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Christensen JVR, Bangash KK, Weihe P, Grandjean P, Nielsen F, Jensen TK, Petersen MS. Maternal exposure to perfluoroalkyl chemicals and anogenital distance in the offspring: A Faroese cohort study. Reprod Toxicol 2021; 104:52-57. [PMID: 34182087 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2021.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Revised: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) has in some studies been associated with reduced anogenital distance (AGD) in newborns as a sensitive indicator of prenatal anti-androgenic exposure. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between maternal PFAS exposure and offspring AGD in a population with wide ranges of PFAS exposures. Participants were recruited in the Faroe Islands in 2007-2009, and information on AGD and PFAS exposure was obtained from 463 mother-infant pairs. Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS), perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS), perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA) and perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA) were measured in maternal serum. Data were analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis adjusted for birth weight, child age at examination, parity, and maternal education level. Among boys, higher maternal serum concentrations of PFOA, PFOS, PFNA and PFDA were significantly associated with a longer AGD, both with the exposure entered as a continuous variable and as quartiles. Boys in the highest quartile of PFOA, PFOS, PFNA and PFDA exposure had an increase in AGD of 1.2 mm (95 % CI 0.1;2.2), 1.3 mm (95 % CI 0.3;2.3), 1.0 mm (95 % CI 0.0:2.0) and 1.3 mm (95 % CI 0.3;2.4), respectively, when compared to boys in the lowest quartile of exposure (p < 0.05). No significant association was found between male AGD and PFHxS. No association was found for girls. In conclusion, elevated maternal exposure to major PFASs was significantly associated with a longer AGD in boys. No significant associations were found among girls, thus suggesting a sex-dimorphic effect of PFAS exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Khushal Khan Bangash
- Department of Pharmacology, Clinical Pharmacy and Environmental Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark
| | - Pál Weihe
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Public Health, The Faroes Hospital System, FO-100 Tórshavn, Faroe Islands; Center of Health Science, University of the Faroe Islands, FO-100 Tórshavn, Faroe Islands
| | - Phillippe Grandjean
- Department of Pharmacology, Clinical Pharmacy and Environmental Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark; Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Flemming Nielsen
- Department of Pharmacology, Clinical Pharmacy and Environmental Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark
| | - Tina Kold Jensen
- Department of Pharmacology, Clinical Pharmacy and Environmental Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark
| | - Maria Skaalum Petersen
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Public Health, The Faroes Hospital System, FO-100 Tórshavn, Faroe Islands; Center of Health Science, University of the Faroe Islands, FO-100 Tórshavn, Faroe Islands.
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Owumi SE, Akomolafe AP, Imosemi IO, Odunola OA, Oyelere AK. N-acetyl cysteine co-treatment abates perfluorooctanoic acid-induced reproductive toxicity in male rats. Andrologia 2021; 53:e14037. [PMID: 33724529 DOI: 10.1111/and.14037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Perfluorooctanoic acid is a synthetic perfluoroalkyl-persistent in the environment and toxic to humans. N-acetylcysteine is a pro-drug of both amino acid l-cysteine and glutathione-a non-enzymatic antioxidant. N-acetylcysteine serves as an antidote for paracetamol poisoning and alleviates cellular oxidative and inflammatory stressors. We investigated N-acetylcysteine role against reproductive toxicity in male Wistar rats (weight: 140-220 g; 10 weeks old) posed by perfluorooctanoic acid exposure. Randomised rat cohorts were dosed both with perfluorooctanoic acid (5 mg/kg; p.o) or co-dosed with N-acetylcysteine (25 and 50 mg/kg p.o) for 28 days. Sperm physiognomies, biomarkers of testicular function and reproductive hormones, oxidative stress and inflammation were evaluated. Co-treatment with N-acetylcysteine significantly (p < .05) reversed perfluorooctanoic acid-mediated decreases in reproductive enzyme activities, and adverse effect on testosterone, luteinising and follicle-stimulating hormone concentrations. N-acetylcysteine treatment alone, improved sperm motility, count and viability, and reduced total sperm abnormalities. Co-treatment with N-acetylcysteine mitigated perfluorooctanoic acid-induced alterations in sperm function parameters. N-acetylcysteine abated (p < .05) perfluorooctanoic acid-induced oxidative stress in experimental rats testes and epididymis, and generally improved antioxidant enzyme activities and cellular thiol levels. Furthermore, N-acetylcysteine suppressed inflammatory responses and remedied perfluorooctanoic acid-mediated histological injuries in rat. Cooperatively, N-acetylcysteine enhanced reproductive function in perfluorooctanoic acid dosed rats, by lessening oxidative and nitrative stressors and mitigated inflammatory responses in the examined organ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solomon E Owumi
- Change-Lab, CRMB Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Ayomide P Akomolafe
- Change-Lab, CRMB Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Innocent O Imosemi
- Neuroanatomy Research Laboratories, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Oyeronke A Odunola
- Change-Lab, CRMB Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Adegboyega K Oyelere
- School of Biochemistry and Chemistry, Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
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20
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Panieri E, Buha-Đorđevic A, Saso L. Endocrine disruption by PFAS: A major concern associated with legacy and replacement substances. ARHIV ZA FARMACIJU 2021. [DOI: 10.5937/arhfarm71-34197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Perand poly-fluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS) have been used for decades in a great variety of processes and products by virtue of their exceptional properties, versatility and chemical stability. Nevertheless, it is increasingly recognized that these substances can represent a serious hazard to human health and living organisms due to their persistence, long-range transport potential and tendency to accumulate in biota. For this reason, some efforts have been made across the EU to identify alternative molecules, with a shorter carbon chain and theoretically safer profile, that might replace the previous generation of legacy PFAS. Unfortunately, this strategy has not been entirely successful and serious concerns are still posed by PFAS in different human populations. Among others, an emerging aspect is represented by the adverse effects that both legacy and alternative PFAS can exert on the human endocrine system, with respect to vulnerable target subpopulations. In this review we will briefly summarize PFAS properties, uses and environmental fate, focusing on their effects on human reproductive capacity and fertility, body weight control and obesity as well as thyroid function.
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21
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Buoso E, Masi M, Racchi M, Corsini E. Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals' (EDCs) Effects on Tumour Microenvironment and Cancer Progression: Emerging Contribution of RACK1. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21239229. [PMID: 33287384 PMCID: PMC7729595 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21239229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Endocrine disruptors (EDCs) can display estrogenic and androgenic effects, and their exposure has been linked to increased cancer risk. EDCs have been shown to directly affect cancer cell regulation and progression, but their influence on tumour microenvironment is still not completely elucidated. In this context, the signalling hub protein RACK1 (Receptor for Activated C Kinase 1) could represent a nexus between cancer and the immune system due to its roles in cancer progression and innate immune activation. Since RACK1 is a relevant EDCs target that responds to steroid-active compounds, it could be considered a molecular bridge between the endocrine-regulated tumour microenvironment and the innate immune system. We provide an analysis of immunomodulatory and cancer-promoting effects of different EDCs in shaping tumour microenvironment, with a final focus on the scaffold protein RACK1 as a pivotal molecular player due to its dual role in immune and cancer contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica Buoso
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università Degli Studi di Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12/14, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (M.M.); (M.R.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Mirco Masi
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università Degli Studi di Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12/14, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (M.M.); (M.R.)
- Classe di Scienze Umane e della Vita (SUV), Scuola Universitaria Superiore IUSS, Piazza della Vittoria 15, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Marco Racchi
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università Degli Studi di Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12/14, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (M.M.); (M.R.)
| | - Emanuela Corsini
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Dipartimento di Scienze Politiche ed Ambientali, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milano, Italy;
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Tachachartvanich P, Azhagiya Singam ER, Durkin KA, Smith MT, La Merrill MA. Structure-based discovery of the endocrine disrupting effects of hydraulic fracturing chemicals as novel androgen receptor antagonists. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 257:127178. [PMID: 32505947 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Hydraulic fracturing (HF) technology is increasingly utilized for oil and gas extraction operations. The widespread use of HF has led to concerns of negative impacts on both the environment and human health. Indeed, the potential endocrine disrupting impacts of HF chemicals is one such knowledge gap. Herein, we used structure-based molecular docking to assess the binding affinities of 60 HF chemicals to the human androgen receptor (AR). Five HF chemicals had relatively high predicted AR binding affinity, suggesting the potential for endocrine disruption. We next assessed androgenic and antiandrogenic activities of these chemicals in vitro. Of the five candidate AR ligands, only Genapol®X-100 significantly modified AR transactivation. To better understand the structural effect of Genapol®X-100 on the potency of AR inhibition, we compared the antiandrogenic activity of Genapol®X-100 with that of its structurally similar chemical, Genapol®X-080. Interestingly, both Genapol®X-100 and Genapol®X-080 elicited an antagonistic effect at AR with 20% relative inhibitory concentrations of 0.43 and 0.89 μM, respectively. Furthermore, we investigated the mechanism of AR inhibition of these two chemicals in vitro, and found that both Genapol®X-100 and Genapol®X-080 inhibited AR through a noncompetitive mechanism. The effect of these two chemicals on the expression of AR responsive genes, e.g. PSA, KLK2, and AR, was also investigated. Genapol®X-100 and Genapol®X-080 altered the expression of these genes. Our findings heighten awareness of endocrine disruption by HF chemicals and provide evidence that noncompetitive antiandrogenic Genapol®X-100 could cause adverse endocrine health effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phum Tachachartvanich
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | | | - Kathleen A Durkin
- Molecular Graphics and Computation Facility, College of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Martyn T Smith
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Michele A La Merrill
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
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Tsai MS, Chang SH, Kuo WH, Kuo CH, Li SY, Wang MY, Chang DY, Lu YS, Huang CS, Cheng AL, Lin CH, Chen PC. A case-control study of perfluoroalkyl substances and the risk of breast cancer in Taiwanese women. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 142:105850. [PMID: 32580117 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is a common cancer in women worldwide; however, the incidence of BC is increasing in younger women, possibly associated with the environment. Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are one of endocrine disruptors that accumulate in environment and impact human health. This study aimed to investigate whether the PFAS and BC are associated. We enrolled 120 BCE patients and 119 controls at National Taiwan University Hospital (NTUH) and also collected bio-specimen and questionnaire from 2013 to 2015. All subjects' plasma PFAS levels were analyzed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method with electrospray ionization (UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS). A logistic regression model was used to estimate the association between PFAS and BC. In the ≤50 years age group, the adjusted odds ratio (OR) was 2.34 (95% CI = 1.02, 5.38) for perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) exposure per natural log unit increase. After stratifying the estrogen receptor (ER) status and age group, we obtained a positive association for PFHxS and PFOS concentrations with respect to the risk of ER positive tumors for ≤50 years age group. In conclusion, we found that PFAS were associated with the BC risk of ER positive tumors in young Taiwanese women. Further studies are needed to follow and explore whether these associations are causal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Shan Tsai
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Han Chang
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Hung Kuo
- Departments of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Hua Kuo
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan; The Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Centers of Genomic Medicine and Precision Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan; Department of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Szu-Yi Li
- Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Yang Wang
- Departments of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Dwan-Ying Chang
- Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Shen Lu
- Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Chiun-Sheng Huang
- Departments of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Ann-Lii Cheng
- Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Oncology and Cancer Research Centre, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Hung Lin
- Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan.
| | - Pau-Chung Chen
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan; Department of Public Health, National Taiwan University College of Public Health, Taipei 100, Taiwan; Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 100, Taiwan; Office of Occupational Safety and Health, National Taiwan University College of Medicine and Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan; Innovation and Policy Center for Population Health and Sustainable Environment, National Taiwan University College of Public Health, Taipei 100, Taiwan.
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24
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Tian Y, Liang H, Miao M, Yang F, Ji H, Cao W, Liu X, Zhang X, Chen A, Xiao H, Hu H, Yuan W. Maternal plasma concentrations of perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances during pregnancy and anogenital distance in male infants. Hum Reprod 2020; 34:1356-1368. [PMID: 31242507 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dez058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Are maternal plasma concentrations of perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) during pregnancy associated with anogenital distance (AGD) in male infants at birth, 6, and 12 months of age? SUMMARY ANSWER Higher maternal plasma concentrations of some PFASs were associated with shorter AGD in male infants at birth and 6 months of age. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Two animal studies have found that exposure to PFASs was associated with shorter AGD in male rat fetuses and wild male minks. There is only one human study on the topic that did not identify consistent patterns between maternal serum concentrations of PFASs during pregnancy and AGD in male infants. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION In the prospective cohort study, a total of 1292 eligible pregnant women were recruited at 12-16 weeks of gestation between April and December 2012 at the Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Minhang district in Shanghai, China. At delivery, 667 male singletons were born. They were then followed up at birth (n = 439) and at 6 (n = 411) and 12 months (n = 376) of age when anopenile distance (AGDAP) and anoscrotal distance (AGDAS) were measured. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS A total of 500 male infants who had both maternal plasma concentrations of PFASs and at least one AGD measurement of at three time points were included in the present study. Multiple linear regression models were used to evaluate the potential linear associations between maternal concentrations of PFASs and AGD. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE Maternal plasma concentrations (ln-transformed) of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA), and perfluoroundecanoic acid (PFUdA) were inversely associated with AGDAS or AGDAP at birth (AGDAS: per ln unit increase in PFAS concentrations: β (95% CI): -0.65 (-1.27 to -0.02) mm for PFOS; -0.58 (-1.11 to -0.06) mm for PFDA; and -0.57 (-1.09 to -0.06) mm for PFUdA; AGDAP: per ln unit increase in PFAS concentrations: β (95% CI): -0.63 (-1.24 to -0.01) mm for PFDA and - 0.76 (-1.36 to -0.16) mm for PFUdA). At 6 months of age, per unit increase in maternal ln concentrations of PFOS and perfluorotridecanoic acid (PFTrDA), AGDAS decreased on average by -2.21 (95% CI: -4.28 to -0.14) and -1.11 (95% CI: -2.17 to -0.06) mm, respectively. Additionally, ln-transformed perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) showed nonsignificant but inverse associations with both AGDAS and AGDAP at 6 months of age. We found no significant associations between ln-transformed maternal concentrations of PFASs and either AGDAS or AGDAP at 12 months of age. However, significantly inverse association of ln-transformed PFOA with AGDAP was observed in male infants who never or shortly breastfed (<3 months) at 12 months of age. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION AGD measurements were performed by different examiners at each follow-up visit, and the intra-examiner variation was not assessed, which might cause intra-rater and inter-rater measurement errors. Additionally, our study may have selection bias since a considerable number of participants withdrew from the cohort although the differences in demographic characteristics were not statistically significant between included mother-infant pairs and those excluded. No statistical correction was made for multiple comparisons. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS Our findings may have important implications for the early development of genital health in male infants since PFASs can be detected in almost all pregnant women and infants worldwide. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) This study was supported by grants from the National Key Research and Development program of China (2018YFC1002801 and 2016YFC1000505), the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (16ZR1430100), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81428011), and the Innovation-Oriented Science and Technology Grant from National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation (CX2017-06). The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER N/A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youping Tian
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research), School of Public Health, Fudan University, 779 Old Hu Min Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Liang
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research), School of Public Health, Fudan University, 779 Old Hu Min Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Maohua Miao
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research), School of Public Health, Fudan University, 779 Old Hu Min Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Fen Yang
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research), School of Public Health, Fudan University, 779 Old Hu Min Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Honglei Ji
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research), School of Public Health, Fudan University, 779 Old Hu Min Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Wencheng Cao
- National Reference Laboratory of Dioxin, Institute of Health Inspection and Detection, Hubei Provincial Academy of Preventive Medicine, Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, #6 Zhuo Daoquan North Road, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaofang Liu
- National Reference Laboratory of Dioxin, Institute of Health Inspection and Detection, Hubei Provincial Academy of Preventive Medicine, Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, #6 Zhuo Daoquan North Road, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaotian Zhang
- National Reference Laboratory of Dioxin, Institute of Health Inspection and Detection, Hubei Provincial Academy of Preventive Medicine, Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, #6 Zhuo Daoquan North Road, Wuhan, China
| | - Aimin Chen
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 160 Panzeca Way, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Hong Xiao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Outcomes and Policy, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, 1225 Center Drive, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Hui Hu
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health and Health Professions and College of Medicine, University of Florida, 2004 Mowry Road, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Wei Yuan
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research), School of Public Health, Fudan University, 779 Old Hu Min Road, Shanghai, China
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Perfluoroctanoic acid (PFOA) enhances NOTCH-signaling in an angiogenesis model of placental trophoblast cells. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2020; 229:113566. [PMID: 32485599 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2020.113566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) was found to be associated with several pathological endpoints, including high cholesterol levels, specific defective functions of the immune system and reduced birth weight. While environmental PFAS have been recognized as threats for public health, surprisingly little is known about the underlying mechanisms of toxicity. We hypothesized that some of the observed vascular and developmental effects of environmental PFAS may share a common molecular pathway. At elevated levels of exposure to PFAS, a reduction in mean birth weight of newborns has been observed in combination with a high incidence rate of preeclampsia. As both, preeclampsia and reduced birth weight are consequences of an inadequate placental vascularization, we hypothesized that the adaptation of placental vasculature may get compromised by PFAS. We analyzed pseudo-vascular network formation and protein expression in the HTR8/SVneo cell line, an embryonic trophoblast cell type that is able to form vessel-like vascular networks in 3D-matrices, similar to endothelial cells. PFOA (perfluoroctanoic acid), but not PFOS (perfuoroctanesulfonic acid), induced morphological changes in the vascular 3D-network structure, without indications of compromised cellular viability. Incubation with PFOA reduced cellular sprouting and elongated isolated stalks in pseudo-vascular networks, while a γ-secretase inhibitor BMS-906024 induced directional opposite effects. We found a PFOA-induced increase in NOTCH intracellular domain (NICD) abundance in HTR8/SVneo, indicating that PFOA enhances NOTCH-signaling in this cell type. Enhancement of NOTCH-pathway by PFOA may be a key to understand the mode of action of PFAS, as this pathway is critically involved in many confirmed physiological/toxicological symptoms associated with PFAS exposure.
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Forns J, Verner MA, Iszatt N, Nowack N, Bach CC, Vrijheid M, Costa O, Andiarena A, Sovcikova E, Høyer BB, Wittsiepe J, Lopez-Espinosa MJ, Ibarluzea J, Hertz-Picciotto I, Toft G, Stigum H, Guxens M, Liew Z, Eggesbø M. Early Life Exposure to Perfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) and ADHD: A Meta-Analysis of Nine European Population-Based Studies. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2020; 128:57002. [PMID: 32378965 PMCID: PMC7263458 DOI: 10.1289/ehp5444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To date, the evidence for an association between perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) exposure and attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is inconclusive. OBJECTIVE We investigated the association between early life exposure to perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), and ADHD in a collaborative study including nine European population-based studies, encompassing 4,826 mother-child pairs. METHODS Concentrations of PFOS and PFOA were measured in maternal serum/plasma during pregnancy, or in breast milk, with different timing of sample collection in each cohort. We used a validated pharmacokinetic model of pregnancy and lactation to estimate concentrations of PFOS and PFOA in children at birth and at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months of age. We classified ADHD using recommended cutoff points for each instrument used to derive symptoms scores. We used multiple imputation for missing covariates, logistic regression to model the association between PFAS exposure and ADHD in each study, and combined all adjusted study-specific effect estimates using random-effects meta-analysis. RESULTS A total of 399 children were classified as having ADHD, with a prevalence ranging from 2.3% to 7.3% in the studies. Early life exposure to PFOS or PFOA was not associated with ADHD during childhood [odds ratios (ORs) ranging from 0.96 (95% CI: 0.87, 1.06) to 1.02 (95% CI: 0.93, 1.11)]. Results from stratified models suggest potential differential effects of PFAS related to child sex and maternal education. CONCLUSION We did not identify an increased prevalence of ADHD in association with early life exposure to PFOS and PFOA. However, stratified analyses suggest that there may be an increased prevalence of ADHD in association with PFAS exposure in girls, in children from nulliparous women, and in children from low-educated mothers, all of which warrant further exploration. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP5444.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan Forns
- Department of Environmental Exposure and Epidemiology, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Marc-Andre Verner
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
- Université de Montréal Public Health Research Institute (IRSPUM), Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Nina Iszatt
- Department of Environmental Exposure and Epidemiology, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Nikola Nowack
- Department of Developmental Psychology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Cathrine Carlsen Bach
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Viborg Regional Hospital, Viborg, Denmark
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Martine Vrijheid
- Global Health Institute Barcelona (ISGlobal), Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain
- Univeristat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Olga Costa
- Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research of Valencia Region (FISABIO)-Universitat Jaume I-Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ainara Andiarena
- Health Research Institute BIODONOSTIA, Donostia-San Sebastian, Basque Country, Spain
- Faculty of Psychology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), San Sebastian, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Eva Sovcikova
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Public Health, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Birgit Bjerre Høyer
- Department of Public Health, Section for Epidemiology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jürgen Wittsiepe
- Department of Hygiene, Social and Environmental Medicine, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Maria-Jose Lopez-Espinosa
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
- Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research of Valencia Region (FISABIO)-Universitat Jaume I-Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
- Department of Nursing and Chiropody, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Jesus Ibarluzea
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
- Health Research Institute BIODONOSTIA, Donostia-San Sebastian, Basque Country, Spain
- Faculty of Psychology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), San Sebastian, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Irva Hertz-Picciotto
- Department of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis (UC Davis), Davis, California, USA
- UC Davis Medical Investigations of Neurodevelopmental Disorders Institute, UC Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Gunnar Toft
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Hein Stigum
- Department of Environmental Exposure and Epidemiology, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Mònica Guxens
- Global Health Institute Barcelona (ISGlobal), Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain
- Univeristat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Zeyan Liew
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Yale Center for Perinatal, Pediatric, and Environmental Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Merete Eggesbø
- Department of Environmental Exposure and Epidemiology, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
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Qiu Z, Qu K, Luan F, Liu Y, Zhu Y, Yuan Y, Li H, Zhang H, Hai Y, Zhao C. Binding specificities of estrogen receptor with perfluorinated compounds: A cross species comparison. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 134:105284. [PMID: 31707300 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.105284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) were reported to result in the endocrine disruption by activating the estrogen receptor (ER) and inducing ER-mediated transcriptions. OBJECTIVE The aim of the present work was to perform cross-species comparisons on the characteristics of eight PFCs binding to humans ERα and to rats ERα. METHODS In the present work, in vivo tests, including serum estradiol level assay and immunohistochemical staining, fluorescence assay and molecular models were applied. RESULTS Based on the in vivo experiments, the exposure of PFOA and PFOS to female rats was proved to increase the ERα expression in the terus, suggesting that PFCs may act as estrogenic compounds to activate ERα in vivo. The further fluorescence assay presented that these eight PFCs have stronger binding abilities to human ERα than to rat ERα. In addition, the differences in binding specificities between human ERα and rat ERα were identified in the process of molecular dynamics modeling with the term of helix position and the ability of coregulator recruitment. It can be found that more and stronger charge clamps could form between PFCs with human ERα than with rat ERα. Also, the eight PFCs presented lower binding energies in human ERα systems, which proved that eight PFCs presented much stronger binding abilities with human ERα. DISCUSSION In all, it can be concluded that PFCs might be more sensitive to human ERα than to that of rats, which also suggested the greater susceptibility to adverse effects on humans. The present work was a beginning assessment of a cross-species comparison, providing important information on health impacts of PFCs in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Qiu
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Kaili Qu
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Feng Luan
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Yaquan Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yu Zhu
- Department of Ecology and Environment of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yongna Yuan
- School of Information Science & Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Hongyu Li
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Haixia Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Ying Hai
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Chunyan Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
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Thong T, Forté CA, Hill EM, Colacino JA. Environmental exposures, stem cells, and cancer. Pharmacol Ther 2019; 204:107398. [PMID: 31376432 PMCID: PMC6881547 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2019.107398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
An estimated 70-90% of all cancers are linked to exposure to environmental risk factors. In parallel, the number of stem cells in a tissue has been shown to be a strong predictor of risk of developing cancer in that tissue. Tumors themselves are characterized by an acquisition of "stem cell" characteristics, and a growing body of evidence points to tumors themselves being sustained and propagated by a stem cell-like population. Here, we review our understanding of the interplay between environmental exposures, stem cell biology, and cancer. We provide an overview of the role of stem cells in development, tissue homeostasis, and wound repair. We discuss the pathways and mechanisms governing stem cell plasticity and regulation of the stem cell state, and describe experimental methods for assessment of stem cells. We then review the current understanding of how environmental exposures impact stem cell function relevant to carcinogenesis and cancer prevention, with a focus on environmental and occupational exposures to chemical, physical, and biological hazards. We also highlight key areas for future research in this area, including defining whether the biological basis for cancer disparities is related to effects of complex exposure mixtures on stem cell biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tasha Thong
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Chanese A Forté
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Michigan Institute for Computational Discovery and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Evan M Hill
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Justin A Colacino
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Center for Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
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Bao M, Huang W, Au WW, Zheng S, Liu C, Huang Y, Wu K. Exposure to perfluorooctane sulfonate based on circadian rhythm changes the fecundity and expression of certain genes on the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal-liver axis of female zebrafish. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2019; 381:114715. [PMID: 31437491 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2019.114715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Exposure of a variety of experimental animals to perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) has shown that it is a potent endocrine-disrupting chemical. However, its interaction with the circadian rhythm on responses along the hypothalamic - pituitary - gonadal - liver (HPGL) axis should be of significant value but has not been adequately investigated. In present study, the effects of PFOS on fecundity, levels of estradiol (E2) and expression of certain genes on the HPGL axis at two time points (8:00 AM and 7:00 PM) were compared after female zebrafish were exposed to 0, 2, 20 and 200 μg/L PFOS for 21 days. In brain, expressions of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor (GnRHr), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) were significantly different after the exposure when sampled at 8:00 AM and at 7:00 PM (P < .05). In liver, significant down-regulation of vitellogenin1 (VTG1) and estrogenic receptor α (ERα) were observed at 7:00 PM compared with 8:00 AM (P < .05). In ovary, the level of CYP19 was significantly different at the two time points (P < .05). The increase of E2 after exposure to 20 μg/L PFOS at 8:00 AM caused compensatory down-regulation of GnRHr and up-regulation of VTG1 and ERα, but not at 7:00 PM. Profiles of concentrations of E2 and several gene expressions alongside the HPGL axis were different between two times points. The change of E2 and gene expressions were more perturbed by PFOS at 8:00 AM than at 7:00 PM with circadian rhythm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mian Bao
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenlong Huang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - William W Au
- University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology, Targu Mures, Romania and Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Shukai Zheng
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Caixia Liu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuanni Huang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Kusheng Wu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China.
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Sonkar R, Kay MK, Choudhury M. PFOS Modulates Interactive Epigenetic Regulation in First-Trimester Human Trophoblast Cell Line HTR-8/SV neo. Chem Res Toxicol 2019; 32:2016-2027. [PMID: 31508952 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.9b00198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Organic compounds have been linked to adverse pregnancy complications. Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS), a man-made fluorosurfactant and global pollutant, has been shown to induce oxidative stress in various cell types. Oxidative stress plays a key role in leading several placental diseases including preeclampsia (PE), gestational diabetes, spontaneous abortion, preterm labor, and intrauterine growth restriction. Recently, epigenetic regulation such as histone modifications, DNA methylation, and microRNAs (miRNAs), are shown to be associated with oxidative stress as well as pregnancy complications such as PE. However, whether PFOS exerts its detrimental effects in the placenta through epigenetics remains to be unveiled. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the effect of PFOS-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in first trimester human trophoblast cell line (HTR-8/SVneo) and whether epigenetic regulation is involved in this process. When treated with a range of PFOS doses at 24 and 48 h, even at 10 μM, it significantly increased the ROS production and decreased gene and protein expression, respectively, of the DNA methyltransferases DNMT1 (p < 0.001; p < 0.05), DNMT3A (p < 0.001; p < 0.05), and DNMT3B (p < 0.01; p < 0.01) and the sirtuins, for example, SIRT1 (p < 0.001; p < 0.001) and SIRT3 (p < 0.001; p < 0.05), while reducing global DNA methylation (p < 0.01) and increasing protein lysine acetylation (p < 0.001) as compared to vehicle controls. Interestingly, PFOS (10 μM) significantly increased miR29-b (p < 0.01), which has been previously reported to be associated with PE. The observed epigenetic effects were shown to be dependent on the expression of miR-29b, as knockdown of miR-29b significantly alters the gene and protein expression of DNMT1, DNMT3A, DNMT3B, SIRT1, and SIRT3 and ROS production as well as global DNA methylation and protein acetylation. This study provides for the first time a novel insight into PFOS-induced ROS generation via regulation of sets of the interactive epigenetic circuit in the placenta, which may lead to pregnancy complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Sonkar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Irma Lerma Rangel College of Pharmacy , Texas A&M Health Science Center , 312 REYN, MS 1114 , College Station , Texas 77843 , United States
| | - Matthew K Kay
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Irma Lerma Rangel College of Pharmacy , Texas A&M Health Science Center , 312 REYN, MS 1114 , College Station , Texas 77843 , United States
| | - Mahua Choudhury
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Irma Lerma Rangel College of Pharmacy , Texas A&M Health Science Center , 312 REYN, MS 1114 , College Station , Texas 77843 , United States
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31
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Aimuzi R, Luo K, Chen Q, Wang H, Feng L, Ouyang F, Zhang J. Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances and fetal thyroid hormone levels in umbilical cord blood among newborns by prelabor caesarean delivery. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2019; 130:104929. [PMID: 31228788 PMCID: PMC7021220 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.104929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have been reported to disrupt the thyroid function. But epidemiological evidence on the association between PFAS and thyroid hormone (TH) levels in cord blood is scarce and controversial. We aimed to examine the association between cord blood PFAS concentrations and TH levels in prelabor caesarean deliveries. METHODS We measured ten PFAS and three THs in cord blood in 568 prelabor caesarean deliveries. The associations between PFAS and TH levels were examined using multiple linear regression model and sparse partial least squares (SPLS) regression model. RESULTS In SPLS analyses, thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) level decreased with increasing concentrations of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS, β = -0.012, 95% confidence interval [CI]: -0.019, -0.005), perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA, β = -0.012, 95% CI: -0.019, -0.005), perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA, β = -0.012, 95% CI: -0.02, -0.005), perfluoroundecanoic acid (PFUA, β = -0.013, 95% CI: -0.021, -0.006) and perfluorododecanoic acid (PFDoA, β = -0.013, 95% CI: -0.023, -0.006). Moreover, we found a positive association between PFDoA and free thyroxine (FT4) levels (β = 0.190, 95% CI: 0.063, 0.304) after adjusting for potential confounders. Free tri-iodothyronine (FT3) levels were positively associated with concentrations of PFOS (β = 0.059, 95% CI: 0.023, 0.100), but negatively associated with PFDoA (β = -0.153, 95% CI: -0.212, -0.106). We also observed gender disparity in the associations of PFAS exposure and FT3, FT4, TSH levels. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that prenatal exposure to certain PFAS may disrupt fetal thyroid function. The effect may be gender-specific.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruxianguli Aimuzi
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, China; Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Kai Luo
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, China; Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Hui Wang
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Liping Feng
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Fengxiu Ouyang
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, China; Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China.
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Terry MB, Michels KB, Brody JG, Byrne C, Chen S, Jerry DJ, Malecki KMC, Martin MB, Miller RL, Neuhausen SL, Silk K, Trentham-Dietz A. Environmental exposures during windows of susceptibility for breast cancer: a framework for prevention research. Breast Cancer Res 2019; 21:96. [PMID: 31429809 PMCID: PMC6701090 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-019-1168-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The long time from exposure to potentially harmful chemicals until breast cancer occurrence poses challenges for designing etiologic studies and for implementing successful prevention programs. Growing evidence from animal and human studies indicates that distinct time periods of heightened susceptibility to endocrine disruptors exist throughout the life course. The influence of environmental chemicals on breast cancer risk may be greater during several windows of susceptibility (WOS) in a woman’s life, including prenatal development, puberty, pregnancy, and the menopausal transition. These time windows are considered as specific periods of susceptibility for breast cancer because significant structural and functional changes occur in the mammary gland, as well as alterations in the mammary micro-environment and hormone signaling that may influence risk. Breast cancer research focused on these breast cancer WOS will accelerate understanding of disease etiology and prevention. Main text Despite the plausible heightened mechanistic influences of environmental chemicals on breast cancer risk during time periods of change in the mammary gland’s structure and function, most human studies of environmental chemicals are not focused on specific WOS. This article reviews studies conducted over the past few decades that have specifically addressed the effect of environmental chemicals and metals on breast cancer risk during at least one of these WOS. In addition to summarizing the broader evidence-base specific to WOS, we include discussion of the NIH-funded Breast Cancer and the Environment Research Program (BCERP) which included population-based and basic science research focused on specific WOS to evaluate associations between breast cancer risk and particular classes of endocrine-disrupting chemicals—including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, perfluorinated compounds, polybrominated diphenyl ethers, and phenols—and metals. We outline ways in which ongoing transdisciplinary BCERP projects incorporate animal research and human epidemiologic studies in close partnership with community organizations and communication scientists to identify research priorities and effectively translate evidence-based findings to the public and policy makers. Conclusions An integrative model of breast cancer research is needed to determine the impact and mechanisms of action of endocrine disruptors at different WOS. By focusing on environmental chemical exposure during specific WOS, scientists and their community partners may identify when prevention efforts are likely to be most effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Beth Terry
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 West 168th Street, Room 1611, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Karin B Michels
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, 650 Charles E. Young Drive South, CHS 71-254, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | | | - Celia Byrne
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Biostatistics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road A-1039F, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA
| | - Shiuan Chen
- Department of Cancer Biology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, 1450 E. Duarte Road, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - D Joseph Jerry
- Pioneer Valley Life Sciences Institute and Department of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 661 North Pleasant St., Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Kristen M C Malecki
- Department of Population Health Sciences and the Carbone Cancer Center, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 610 Walnut St., WARF Room 605, Madison, WI, 53726, USA
| | - Mary Beth Martin
- Departments of Oncology and Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Georgetown University Medical Center, E411 New Research Building, Washington, DC, 20057, USA
| | - Rachel L Miller
- Departments of Medicine, Pediatrics, Environmental Health Sciences; Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, PH8E-101B, 630 W. 168th St, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Susan L Neuhausen
- Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, 1450 E. Duarte Road, 1500 E. Duarte Road, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Kami Silk
- Department of Communication, University of Delaware, 250 Pearson Hall, 125 Academy St, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
| | - Amy Trentham-Dietz
- Department of Population Health Sciences and Carbone Cancer Center, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 610 Walnut St., WARF Room 307, Madison, WI, 53726, USA.
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Xu M, Wan J, Niu Q, Liu R. PFOA and PFOS interact with superoxide dismutase and induce cytotoxicity in mouse primary hepatocytes: A combined cellular and molecular methods. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 175:63-70. [PMID: 31103794 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the adverse effects of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) on mouse primary hepatocytes by conducting cell viability, apoptosis, intracellular oxidative stress level, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) activity and glutathione level assays. It was shown that PFOA and PFOS altered antioxidant enzymes activities and triggered oxidative stress, and thus exhibited cytotoxicity to the hepatocytes. Molecular mechanisms of SOD activities were measured and structural changes were explored by isothermal titration calorimetry and multiple spectroscopy. PFOA and PFOS bind to SOD via electrostatic forces with 7.634 ± 0.06 and 9.7 ± 0.4 sites, respectively, leading to structural and conformational changes. The overall results demonstrated that PFOS and PFOA are able to interact with SOD directly, resulting in producing oxidative stress and induce apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengchen Xu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, China-America CRC for Environment & Health, Shandong Province, 72# Jimo Binhai Road, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, PR China
| | - Jingqiang Wan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, China-America CRC for Environment & Health, Shandong Province, 72# Jimo Binhai Road, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, PR China
| | - Qigui Niu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, China-America CRC for Environment & Health, Shandong Province, 72# Jimo Binhai Road, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, PR China
| | - Rutao Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, China-America CRC for Environment & Health, Shandong Province, 72# Jimo Binhai Road, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, PR China.
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Mancini FR, Cano-Sancho G, Gambaretti J, Marchand P, Boutron-Ruault MC, Severi G, Arveux P, Antignac JP, Kvaskoff M. Perfluorinated alkylated substances serum concentration and breast cancer risk: Evidence from a nested case-control study in the French E3N cohort. Int J Cancer 2019; 146:917-928. [PMID: 31008526 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Endocrine-disrupting chemicals are proposed to increase breast cancer (BC) incidence. Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), two perfluorinated alkylated substances (PFASs), are suspected to be ubiquitously present in the blood of human population worldwide. We investigated the associations between serum concentrations of these substances and BC risk. Etude Epidémiologique auprès de femmes de l'Education Nationale is a cohort of 98,995 French women born in 1925-1950 and followed up since 1990. We sampled 194 BC cases and 194 controls from women with available blood samples. Serum concentrations of PFASs were measured by liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Adjusted conditional logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). All statistical tests were two sided. While PFASs concentrations were not associated with BC risk overall, we found positively linear associations between PFOS concentrations and the risk of ER+ (3rd quartile: OR = 2.22 [CI = 1.05-4.69]; 4th quartile: OR = 2.33 [CI = 1.11-4.90]); Ptrend = 0.04) and PR+ tumors (3rd quartile: OR = 2.47 [CI = 1.07-5.65]; 4th quartile: OR = 2.76 [CI = 1.21-6.30]; Ptrend = 0.02). When considering receptor-negative tumors, only the 2nd quartile of PFOS was associated with risk (ER-: OR = 15.40 [CI = 1.84-129.19]; PR-: OR = 3.47 [CI = 1.29-9.15]). While there was no association between PFOA and receptor-positive BC risk, the 2nd quartile of PFOA was positively associated with the risk of receptor-negative tumors (ER-: OR = 7.73 [CI = 1.46-41.08]; PR-: OR = 3.44 [CI = 1.30-9.10]). PFAS circulating levels were differentially associated with BC risk. While PFOS concentration was linearly associated with receptor-positive tumors, only low concentrations of PFOS and PFOA were associated with receptor-negative tumors. Our findings highlight the importance of considering exposure to PFASs as a potential risk factor for BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Romana Mancini
- CESP, Fac. de médecine, Univ. Paris-Sud, Fac. de médecine - UVSQ, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France.,Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | | | - Juliette Gambaretti
- CESP, Fac. de médecine, Univ. Paris-Sud, Fac. de médecine - UVSQ, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France.,Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | | | - Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault
- CESP, Fac. de médecine, Univ. Paris-Sud, Fac. de médecine - UVSQ, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France.,Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Gianluca Severi
- CESP, Fac. de médecine, Univ. Paris-Sud, Fac. de médecine - UVSQ, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France.,Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Patrick Arveux
- CESP, Fac. de médecine, Univ. Paris-Sud, Fac. de médecine - UVSQ, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France.,Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.,Breast and Gynaecologic Cancer Registry of Côte d'Or, Georges-François Leclerc Cancer Centre, UNICANCER, Dijon, France
| | | | - Marina Kvaskoff
- CESP, Fac. de médecine, Univ. Paris-Sud, Fac. de médecine - UVSQ, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France.,Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
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Wang H, Du H, Yang J, Jiang H, O K, Xu L, Liu S, Yi J, Qian X, Chen Y, Jiang Q, He G. PFOS, PFOA, estrogen homeostasis, and birth size in Chinese infants. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 221:349-355. [PMID: 30641376 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.01.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Revised: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Laboratory studies have suggested that perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) could affect fetal growth by disrupting estrogen homeostasis, but there are limited data for human. For this, 424 mother-infant pairs were selected from a cohort established in Hebei Province of North China in 2013. Two typical PFASs, perfluorooctyl sulfonic acid (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), and three typical estrogens, estrone (E1), β-estradiol (E2), and estriol (E3), were measured in cord serum. After adjusted for important covariates, serum PFOS was positively related to E1 and E3, but negatively related to E2. Serum PFOA was positively related to serum E1 and negatively related to head circumference at birth. Serum E2 was negatively related to head circumference, body weight, and body length at birth and serum E3 was positively related to body weight. Serum E3 mediated the relationship between serum PFOS and body weight. There were sex-specific differences for the associations between PFOS/PFOA and estrogens/birth size. These findings suggested that exposure to PFASs could affect estrogen homeostasis and fetal growth during pregnancy and that estrogens might mediate the association between exposure to PFASs and fetal growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hexing Wang
- School of Public Health/Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Hongyi Du
- School of Public Health/Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jiaqi Yang
- School of Public Health/Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Hong Jiang
- School of Public Health/Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Karmin O
- Department of Animal Science, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3T2N2, Canada
| | - Linji Xu
- Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Tangshan Municipality, Tangshan, 063000, Hebei province, China
| | - Shuping Liu
- Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Tangshan Municipality, Tangshan, 063000, Hebei province, China
| | - Jianping Yi
- Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Tangshan Municipality, Tangshan, 063000, Hebei province, China
| | - Xu Qian
- School of Public Health/Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yue Chen
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, K1G5Z3, Canada
| | - Qingwu Jiang
- School of Public Health/Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Gengsheng He
- School of Public Health/Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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Bjerregaard-Olesen C, Bach CC, Long M, Wielsøe M, Bech BH, Henriksen TB, Olsen J, Bonefeld-Jørgensen EC. Associations of Fetal Growth Outcomes with Measures of the Combined Xenoestrogenic Activity of Maternal Serum Perfluorinated Alkyl Acids in Danish Pregnant Women. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2019; 127:17006. [PMID: 30676078 PMCID: PMC6381822 DOI: 10.1289/ehp1884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Higher concentrations of single perfluorinated alkyl acids (PFAAs) have been associated with lower birth weight (BW), but few studies have examined the combined effects of PFAA mixtures. PFAAs have been reported to induce estrogen receptor (ER) transactivity, and estrogens may influence human fetal growth. We hypothesize that mixtures of PFAAs may affect human fetal growth by disrupting the ER. OBJECTIVES We aimed to study the associations between the combined xenoestrogenic activity of PFAAs in pregnant women's serum and offspring BW, length, and head circumference. METHODS We extracted the actual mixture of PFAAs from the serum of 702 Danish pregnant women (gestational wk 11–13) enrolled in the Aarhus Birth Cohort (ABC) using solid phase extraction, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and weak anion exchange. PFAA-induced xenoestrogenic receptor transactivation (XER) was determined using the stable transfected MVLN cell line. Associations between XER and measures of fetal growth were estimated using multivariable linear regression with primary adjustment for maternal age, body mass index (BMI), educational level, smoking, and alcohol intake, and sensitivity analyses with additional adjustment for gestational age (GA) (linear and quadratic). RESULTS On average, an interquartile range (IQR) increase in XER was associated with a [Formula: see text] [95% confidence interval (CI): [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]] decrease in BW and a [Formula: see text] (95% CI: 0.1, 0.5) decrease in birth length. Upon additional adjustment for GA, the estimated mean differences were [Formula: see text] (95% CI: [Formula: see text], 4) and [Formula: see text] (95% CI: [Formula: see text], 0.0), respectively. CONCLUSION Higher-serum PFAA-induced xenoestrogenic activities were associated with lower BW and length in offspring, suggesting that PFAA mixtures may affect fetal growth by disrupting ER function. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP1884.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Bjerregaard-Olesen
- Centre for Arctic Health and Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Cathrine Carlsen Bach
- Perinatal Epidemiology Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby, Denmark
- Department of Pediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby, Denmark
| | - Manhai Long
- Centre for Arctic Health and Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Maria Wielsøe
- Centre for Arctic Health and Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Bodil Hammer Bech
- Section for Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Tine Brink Henriksen
- Perinatal Epidemiology Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby, Denmark
- Department of Pediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby, Denmark
| | - Jørn Olsen
- Section for Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Eva Cecilie Bonefeld-Jørgensen
- Centre for Arctic Health and Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Greenland Centre for Health Research, Institute of Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Greenland, Nuuk, Greenland
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Konidala KK, Bommu UD, Pabbaraju N. In silico insights into the identification of potential novel angiogenic inhibitors against human VEGFR-2: a new SAR-based hierarchical clustering approach. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2018; 38:372-383. [PMID: 30396316 DOI: 10.1080/10799893.2018.1531891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In this study, binding efficiency of new pyrrolopyrimidine structural analogs against human vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) were elucidated using integrated in silico methods. Optimized high-resolution model of VEGFR-2 was generated and adopted for structure-based virtual screening approaches. Pyrrolopyrimidine inhibitor (CP15) associated compounds were screened from PubChem database and subjected to virtual screening and comparative docking methods against the receptor ligand-binding domain. Accordingly, high efficient compounds were clustered with similarity indices through PubChem structure cluster module using single-linkage algorithm. Moreover, pharmacokinetics including drug metabolism activities of high-binding leads under investigation was portrayed using ADMET and similarity ensemble analysis. Optimal energy orientations of the selected protein model have been shown to be reliable, and highly recommended for screening and docking studies. Docking and clustering strategies were shown that nineteen candidates as most effective binders for VEGFR-2 than CP15, and are grouped as three classes. Lys868, Glu885, Cys919, His1026, Arg1027, Asp1046, and Gly1048 residues were predicted as novel hotspot residues, and participate in H-bonds, π-cation, π-stacking, halogen bonds, and salt-bridges formation with ligands. These additional bonds are contributing extent stability that holds the receptor structure at flexible state, this make difficult to any further conformational changes for evoking angiogenic signals. The ADMET and similarity ensemble analysis results were strongly indicated that thirteen candidates as best ligands for angiogenesis targets. Altogether, these findings indicate potential angiogenic templates and their binding levels with VEGFR-2; sorted viewpoints could be useful as a promising way to describe potential angiogenesis inhibitors with related molecular targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kranthi Kumar Konidala
- a Department of Zoology, Division of Molecular Physiology , Sri Venkateswara University , Tirupati , India
| | - Uma Devi Bommu
- a Department of Zoology, Division of Molecular Physiology , Sri Venkateswara University , Tirupati , India
| | - Neeraja Pabbaraju
- a Department of Zoology, Division of Molecular Physiology , Sri Venkateswara University , Tirupati , India
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Byrne SC, Miller P, Seguinot-Medina S, Waghiyi V, Buck CL, von Hippel FA, Carpenter DO. Exposure to perfluoroalkyl substances and associations with serum thyroid hormones in a remote population of Alaska Natives. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2018; 166:537-543. [PMID: 29958161 PMCID: PMC6932630 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2018.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2018] [Revised: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/09/2018] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are known to accumulate in traditional food animals of the Arctic, and arctic indigenous peoples may be exposed via consumption of subsistence-harvested animals. PFASs are suspected of disrupting thyroid hormone homeostasis in humans. The aim of this study is to assess the relationship between serum PFASs and thyroid function in a remote population of Alaska Natives. Serum samples were collected from 85 individuals from St. Lawrence Island, Alaska. The concentrations of 13 PFASs, as well as free and total thyroxine (T4), free and total triiodothyronine (T3), and thyrotropin (TSH) were quantified in serum samples. The relationships between circulating concentrations of PFASs and thyroid hormones were assessed using multiple linear regression fit with generalized estimating equations. Several PFASs, including perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), were positively associated with TSH concentrations when modeled individually. PFOS and PFNA were significantly associated with free T3 and PFNA was significantly associated with total T3 in models with PFAS*sex interactive terms; these associations suggested negative associations in men and positive associations in women. PFASs were not significantly associated with concentrations of free or total T4. Serum PFASs are associated with circulating thyroid hormone concentrations in a remote population of Alaska Natives. The effects of PFAS exposure on thyroid hormone homeostasis may differ between sexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel C Byrne
- Environmental Studies, St. Lawrence University, 23 Romoda Drive, Canton, NY, USA.
| | - Pamela Miller
- Alaska Community Action on Toxics, Anchorage, AK, USA
| | | | - Vi Waghiyi
- Alaska Community Action on Toxics, Anchorage, AK, USA
| | - C Loren Buck
- Department of Biological Sciences & Center for Bioengineering Innovation, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA
| | - Frank A von Hippel
- Department of Biological Sciences & Center for Bioengineering Innovation, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA
| | - David O Carpenter
- Institute for Health and the Environment, University at Albany, Rensselaer, NY, USA
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Wang H, Yang J, Du H, Xu L, Liu S, Yi J, Qian X, Chen Y, Jiang Q, He G. Perfluoroalkyl substances, glucose homeostasis, and gestational diabetes mellitus in Chinese pregnant women: A repeat measurement-based prospective study. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2018; 114:12-20. [PMID: 29459131 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2018.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2017] [Revised: 01/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) can affect glucose homeostasis and has been suggested as a potential risk of diabetes mellitus, but data are limited for pregnant women. OBJECTIVES We aimed to explore the associations of exposure to PFASs with glucose homeostasis and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in Chinese pregnant women. METHODS The current study was conducted in Hebei Province of Northern China between 2013 and 2014 and 560 pregnant women were recruited in their early term of pregnancy and two representative serum PFASs, perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), were measured. In 385 pregnant women who completed oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), the associations of serum PFOA and PFOS concentrations with fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting insulin (FIns), and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) in the early, middle, and late terms of pregnancy and occurrence of GDM were examined using linear and Cox proportional hazard regression models. The reproducibility of serum PFASs during pregnancy was assessed in 230 pregnant women. RESULTS The intraclass correlation coefficients of serum PFASs, covariates, and outcomes based on averaged repeat measurement (0.35-0.96) were higher than those based on single measurement (0.16-0.92). Serum PFOA was positively associated with averaged FIns and HOMA-IR in the early, middle, and late terms of pregnancy and averaged blood glucose level at 1 h and 2 h of OGTT, but serum PFOS tended to be negatively associated with averaged FBG and OGTT blood glucose. The adjusted hazard ratios of GDM associated with serum PFOA and PFOS were 1.98 (95% confidence interval: 0.70-5.57; p-value: 0.197) and 0.71 (0.29-1.75; 0.453), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Our data raised a possibility that exposure to PFASs might have different influences on glucose homeostasis and GDM in Chinese pregnant women. More lab and human studies are needed to further test the hypothesis and investigate potential mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hexing Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jiaqi Yang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hongyi Du
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Linji Xu
- Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Tangshan Municipality, Tangshan 063000, Hebei province, China
| | - Shuping Liu
- Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Tangshan Municipality, Tangshan 063000, Hebei province, China
| | - Jianping Yi
- Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Tangshan Municipality, Tangshan 063000, Hebei province, China
| | - Xu Qian
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yue Chen
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1G5Z3, Canada
| | - Qingwu Jiang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Gengsheng He
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
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Behr AC, Lichtenstein D, Braeuning A, Lampen A, Buhrke T. Perfluoroalkylated substances (PFAS) affect neither estrogen and androgen receptor activity nor steroidogenesis in human cells in vitro. Toxicol Lett 2018; 291:51-60. [PMID: 29601859 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2018.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Revised: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The perfluoroalkylated substances (PFAS) perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) are used for the fabrication of water- and dirt-repellent surfaces. The use of PFOS and PFOA was restricted due to their reprotoxic properties and their environmental persistence. Therefore, industry switches to alternative PFAS, however, in contrast to PFOA and PFOS only few toxicological data are available for their substitutes. The molecular mechanism(s) underlying reproductive toxicity of PFOA and PFOS are largely unknown. Here, the endocrine properties of PFOA, PFOS, and of six substitutes including perfluorohexanesulfonic acid (PFHxS), perfluorobutanesulfonic acid (PFBS), perfluorohexanoic acid (PFHxA), perfluorobutanoic acid (PFBA), ammonium perfluoro(2-methyl-3-oxahexanoate) (PMOH), and 3H-perfluoro-3-[(3-methoxypropoxy) propanoic acid] (PMPP) were examined in vitro by using human cell lines such as MCF-7, H295R, LNCaP and MDA-kb2. PFOA, PFOS and PMOH enhanced 17β-estradiol-stimulated estrogen receptor β activity, and PFOS, PMOH, PFHxA and PFBA enhanced dihydrotestosterone-stimulated androgen receptor activity. In the H295R steroidogenesis assay, PFOA and PFOS slightly enhanced estrone secretion, and progesterone secretion was marginally increased by PFOA. All these effects were only observed at concentrations above 10 μM, and none of the PFAS displayed any effect on any of the molecular endocrine endpoints at concentrations of 10 μM or below. Thus, as the blood serum concentrations of the different PFAS in the general Western population are in the range of 10 nM or below, the results suggest that PFAS might not exert endocrine effects in humans at exposure-relevant concentrations according to the molecular endpoints examined in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Cathrin Behr
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Department of Food Safety, Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10, 10589, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dajana Lichtenstein
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Department of Food Safety, Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10, 10589, Berlin, Germany
| | - Albert Braeuning
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Department of Food Safety, Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10, 10589, Berlin, Germany
| | - Alfonso Lampen
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Department of Food Safety, Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10, 10589, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thorsten Buhrke
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Department of Food Safety, Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10, 10589, Berlin, Germany.
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Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) exposure promotes proliferation, migration and invasion potential in human breast epithelial cells. Arch Toxicol 2018; 92:1729-1739. [PMID: 29502166 PMCID: PMC5962621 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-018-2181-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Despite significant advances in early detection and treatment, breast cancer remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) is a suspected endocrine disruptor and a common environmental pollutant associated with various diseases including cancer. However, the effects of PFOA and its mechanisms of action on hormone-responsive cells remain unclear. Here, we explored the potential tumorigenic activity of PFOA (100 nM–1 mM) in human breast epithelial cells (MCF-10A). MCF-10A cells exposed to 50 and 100 µM PFOA demonstrated a higher growth rate compared to controls. The compound promoted MCF-10A proliferation by accelerating G0/G1 to S phase transition of the cell cycle. PFOA increased cyclin D1 and CDK4/6 levels, concomitant with a decrease in p27. In contrast to previous studies of perfluorooctane sulfate (PFOS), the estrogen receptor antagonist ICI 182,780 had no effect on PFOA-induced cell proliferation, whereas the PPARα antagonist GW 6471 was able to prevent the MCF-10A proliferation, indicating that the underlying mechanisms involve PPARα-dependent pathways. Interestingly, we also showed that PFOA is able to stimulate cell migration and invasion, demonstrating its potential to induce neoplastic transformation of human breast epithelial cells. These results suggest that more attention should be paid to the roles of PFOA in the development and progression of breast cancer.
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Romano SN, Edwards HE, Souder JP, Ryan KJ, Cui X, Gorelick DA. G protein-coupled estrogen receptor regulates embryonic heart rate in zebrafish. PLoS Genet 2017; 13:e1007069. [PMID: 29065151 PMCID: PMC5669493 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1007069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Revised: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Estrogens act by binding to estrogen receptors alpha and beta (ERα, ERβ), ligand-dependent transcription factors that play crucial roles in sex differentiation, tumor growth and cardiovascular physiology. Estrogens also activate the G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER), however the function of GPER in vivo is less well understood. Here we find that GPER is required for normal heart rate in zebrafish embryos. Acute exposure to estrogens increased heart rate in wildtype and in ERα and ERβ mutant embryos but not in GPER mutants. GPER mutant embryos exhibited reduced basal heart rate, while heart rate was normal in ERα and ERβ mutants. We detected gper transcript in discrete regions of the brain and pituitary but not in the heart, suggesting that GPER acts centrally to regulate heart rate. In the pituitary, we observed gper expression in cells that regulate levels of thyroid hormone triiodothyronine (T3), a hormone known to increase heart rate. Compared to wild type, GPER mutants had reduced levels of T3 and estrogens, suggesting pituitary abnormalities. Exposure to exogenous T3, but not estradiol, rescued the reduced heart rate phenotype in gper mutant embryos, demonstrating that T3 acts downstream of GPER to regulate heart rate. Using genetic and mass spectrometry approaches, we find that GPER regulates maternal estrogen levels, which are required for normal embryonic heart rate. Our results demonstrate that estradiol plays a previously unappreciated role in the acute modulation of heart rate during zebrafish embryonic development and suggest that GPER regulates embryonic heart rate by altering maternal estrogen levels and embryonic T3 levels. Estrogen hormones are important for the formation and function of the nervous, reproductive and cardiovascular systems. Here we report that acute exposure to estrogens increases heart rate, a previously unappreciated function of estrogens. Using zebrafish with mutations in genes that respond to estrogens, we found that heart rate is regulated not by the typical molecules that respond to estrogens–the nuclear estrogen receptors–but rather by a different molecule, the G protein-coupled estrogen receptor. We also show that estrogens increase heart rate by increasing levels of thyroid hormone. Our results reveal a new function for the G protein-coupled estrogen receptor and a new connection between estrogens and thyroid hormone. Environmental compounds that mimic estrogens can be harmful because they can influence gonad function. Our results suggest that endocrine disrupting compounds may also influence cardiac function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon N. Romano
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Hailey E. Edwards
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Jaclyn Paige Souder
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Kevin J. Ryan
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Xiangqin Cui
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Daniel A. Gorelick
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Pierozan P, Karlsson O. PFOS induces proliferation, cell-cycle progression, and malignant phenotype in human breast epithelial cells. Arch Toxicol 2017; 92:705-716. [PMID: 29063134 PMCID: PMC5818598 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-017-2077-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) is a synthetic fluorosurfactant widely used in the industry and a prominent environmental toxicant. PFOS is persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic to mammalian species. Growing evidence suggests that PFOS has the potential to interfere with estrogen homeostasis, posing a risk of endocrine-disrupting effects. Recently, concerns about a potential link between PFOS and breast cancer have been raised, but the mechanisms underlying its actions as a potential carcinogen are unknown. By utilizing cell proliferation assays, flow cytometry, immunocytochemistry, and cell migration/invasion assays, we examined the potentially tumorigenic activity of PFOS (100 nM–1 mM) in MCF-10A breast cell line. The results showed that the growth of MCF-10A cells exposed to 1 and 10 µM PFOS was higher compared to that of the control. Mechanistic studies using 10 µM PFOS demonstrated that the compound promotes MCF-10A proliferation through accelerating G0/G1-to-S phase transition of the cell cycle after 24, 48, and 72 h of treatment. In addition, PFOS exposure increased CDK4 and decreased p27, p21, and p53 levels in the cells. Importantly, treatment with 10 µM PFOS for 72 h also stimulated MCF-10A cell migration and invasion, illustrating its capability to induce neoplastic transformation of human breast epithelial cells. Our experimental results suggest that exposure to low levels of PFOS might be a potential risk factor in human breast cancer initiation and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Pierozan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Oskar Karlsson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
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Gray JM, Rasanayagam S, Engel C, Rizzo J. State of the evidence 2017: an update on the connection between breast cancer and the environment. Environ Health 2017; 16:94. [PMID: 28865460 PMCID: PMC5581466 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-017-0287-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In this review, we examine the continually expanding and increasingly compelling data linking radiation and various chemicals in our environment to the current high incidence of breast cancer. Singly and in combination, these toxicants may have contributed significantly to the increasing rates of breast cancer observed over the past several decades. Exposures early in development from gestation through adolescence and early adulthood are particularly of concern as they re-shape the program of genetic, epigenetic and physiological processes in the developing mammary system, leading to an increased risk for developing breast cancer. In the 8 years since we last published a comprehensive review of the relevant literature, hundreds of new papers have appeared supporting this link, and in this update, the evidence on this topic is more extensive and of better quality than that previously available. CONCLUSION Increasing evidence from epidemiological studies, as well as a better understanding of mechanisms linking toxicants with development of breast cancer, all reinforce the conclusion that exposures to these substances - many of which are found in common, everyday products and byproducts - may lead to increased risk of developing breast cancer. Moving forward, attention to methodological limitations, especially in relevant epidemiological and animal models, will need to be addressed to allow clearer and more direct connections to be evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet M. Gray
- Department of Psychology and Program in Science, Technology, and Society, Vassar College, 124 Raymond Avenue, Poughkeepsie, NY 12604-0246 USA
| | - Sharima Rasanayagam
- Breast Cancer Prevention Partners, 1388 Sutter St., Suite 400, San Francisco, CA 94109-5400 USA
| | - Connie Engel
- Breast Cancer Prevention Partners, 1388 Sutter St., Suite 400, San Francisco, CA 94109-5400 USA
| | - Jeanne Rizzo
- Breast Cancer Prevention Partners, 1388 Sutter St., Suite 400, San Francisco, CA 94109-5400 USA
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Chen J, Wang X, Ge X, Wang D, Wang T, Zhang L, Tanguay RL, Simonich M, Huang C, Dong Q. Chronic perfluorooctanesulphonic acid (PFOS) exposure produces estrogenic effects in zebrafish. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2016; 218:702-708. [PMID: 27496563 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.07.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Revised: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Perfluorooctanesulphonic acid (PFOS) is a ubiquitous contaminant in the aquatic environment and our earlier studies demonstrated that chronic PFOS exposures lead to a female-biased sex ratio and decreased sperm quality in male zebrafish. The underlying mechanism for these reproductive effects is unknown. In the present study, 8 h post-fertilization (hpf) zebrafish were exposed to PFOS at 250 μg/L for 5 months, and the levels of sex hormones, expression of sex determination related genes, and histological and ultrastructural changes of gonads were fully characterized. During the sex differentiation period, we observed elevated estradiol (E2) and decreased testosterone (T) levels in whole tissue homogenates from PFOS exposed juveniles. In fully mature adult male fish, serum E2 levels were slightly increased, however, the estrogen receptor alpha (esr1) was significantly elevated in PFOS treated male gonads. Histological and electron microscopic examinations revealed structural changes in the gonads of PFOS exposed male and female adult zebrafish. In summary, chronic PFOS exposure disrupts sex hormone level and related gene expression and impairs gonadal development, which may contribute to the previously reported PFOS reproductive toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangfei Chen
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Technology and Application of Model Organisms, Institute of Environmental Safety and Human Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Xiaotong Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Technology and Application of Model Organisms, Institute of Environmental Safety and Human Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Xiaoqing Ge
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Technology and Application of Model Organisms, Institute of Environmental Safety and Human Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Dingding Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Technology and Application of Model Organisms, Institute of Environmental Safety and Human Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Technology and Application of Model Organisms, Institute of Environmental Safety and Human Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Lingnan Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Technology and Application of Model Organisms, Institute of Environmental Safety and Human Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Robert L Tanguay
- Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, The Sinnhuber Aquatic Research Laboratory and the Environmental Health Sciences Center, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97333, USA
| | - Michael Simonich
- Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, The Sinnhuber Aquatic Research Laboratory and the Environmental Health Sciences Center, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97333, USA
| | - Changjiang Huang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Technology and Application of Model Organisms, Institute of Environmental Safety and Human Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Qiaoxiang Dong
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Technology and Application of Model Organisms, Institute of Environmental Safety and Human Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
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Halsne R, Tandberg JI, Lobert VH, Østby GC, Thoen E, Ropstad E, Verhaegen S. Effects of perfluorinated alkyl acids on cellular responses of MCF-10A mammary epithelial cells in monolayers and on acini formation in vitro. Toxicol Lett 2016; 259:95-107. [PMID: 27511595 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2016.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Revised: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Perfluorinated alkyl acids (PFAAs) are stable chemicals detected in tissue and serum from various species, including humans, and have been linked to adverse health outcomes. Experimental PFAA exposure in rodents has been associated with changes in mammary gland development. The estrogen receptor (ER)-negative human breast epithelial cell line, MCF-10A, can be grown as monolayer, but also has the ability to form three-dimensional acini in vitro, reflecting aspects of mammary glandular morphogenesis. Cells were exposed to five different PFAAs, perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA), and perfluoroundecanoic acid (PFUnDA), both in monolayer and acini cultures. In monolayer cultures only the higher concentrations of PFOS, PFNA and PFDA (400-500μM) caused a significant increase in cell death, whereas PFOA and PFUnDA had no effect. Normal acini maturation was negatively impacted by PFOS, PFNA and PFDA already at the lowest concentration tested (0.6μM). Observed effects included loss of organization of the cell clusters and absence of a hollow lumen. Overall, this study demonstrated that PFAAs can interfere with cellular events related to normal development of glandular breast tissue through ER-independent mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Halsne
- Department of Production Animal Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), P.O. 8146 Dep., N-0033 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Julia Isabel Tandberg
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, School of Pharmacy, Oslo University, P.O. Box 1068, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Viola Hélène Lobert
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Montebello, N-0379 Oslo, Norway
| | - Gunn Charlotte Østby
- Department of Production Animal Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), P.O. 8146 Dep., N-0033 Oslo, Norway
| | - Even Thoen
- Department of Production Animal Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), P.O. 8146 Dep., N-0033 Oslo, Norway; Norwegian Veterinary Institute, P.O. Box 750 Sentrum, N-0106 Oslo, Norway
| | - Erik Ropstad
- Department of Production Animal Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), P.O. 8146 Dep., N-0033 Oslo, Norway
| | - Steven Verhaegen
- Department of Production Animal Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), P.O. 8146 Dep., N-0033 Oslo, Norway
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