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Zhou Z, Wang J, Xu X, Wang Z, Mao L, Zhang S, Zhang H, Li Y, Yu Q, Jiang N, Zhang G, Gan Z, Ning Z. Lignin-Based Nanoparticles for Combination of Tumor Oxidative Stress Amplification and Reactive Oxygen Species Responsive Drug Release. Bioconjug Chem 2024. [PMID: 38989881 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.4c00261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
In this study, maleic anhydride-modified lignin (LG-M), a ROS-cleavable thioketal (TK) bond, and polyethylene glycol (PEG) were used to synthesize a lignin-based copolymer (LG-M(TK)-PEG). Doxorubicin (DOX) was attached to the ROS-cleavable bond in the LG-M(TK)-PEG for the preparation of the ROS-activatable DOX prodrug (LG-M(TK-DOX)-PEG). Nanoparticles (NPs) with a size of 125.7 ± 3.1 nm were prepared by using LG-M(TK-DOX)-PEG, and they exhibited enhanced uptake by cancer cells compared to free DOX. Notably, the presence of lignin in the nanoparticles could boost ROS production in breast cancer 4T1 cells while showing little effect on L929 normal cells. This selective effect facilitated the specific activation of the DOX prodrug in the tumor microenvironment, resulting in the superior tumor inhibitory effects and enhanced biosafety relative to free DOX. This work demonstrates the potential of the LG-M(TK-DOX)-PEG NPs as an efficient drug delivery system for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwei Zhou
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, No. 15 Bei San Huan Dong Lu, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jin Wang
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, No. 15 Bei San Huan Dong Lu, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xin Xu
- Department of Urology, China Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Zhuang Wang
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, No. 15 Bei San Huan Dong Lu, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Lingchen Mao
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, No. 15 Bei San Huan Dong Lu, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Shanhu Zhang
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, No. 15 Bei San Huan Dong Lu, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Huanhuan Zhang
- Department of General Medicine, the Fourth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Yuqiang Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
| | - Qingsong Yu
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, No. 15 Bei San Huan Dong Lu, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Ni Jiang
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, No. 15 Bei San Huan Dong Lu, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Guan Zhang
- Department of Urology, China Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Zhihua Gan
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, No. 15 Bei San Huan Dong Lu, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Zhenbo Ning
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, No. 15 Bei San Huan Dong Lu, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China
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Nawaz H, Zhang X, Chen S, Li X, Zhang X, Shabbir I, Xu F. Recent developments in lignin-based fluorescent materials. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 258:128737. [PMID: 38103672 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Biomass-based fluorescent materials are an alternative to plastic-based materials for their multifunctional applications. Lignin, an inexpensive and easily available raw material, demonstrates outstanding environment-responsive properties such as pH, metal ions, dyes sensing, bioimaging and so on. To date, only a little work has been reported on the synthesis of lignin-based fluorescent materials. In this review report, synthetic approaches and light-responsive applications of lignin-based fluorescent carbon dots and other materials are summarized. The results reveal that lignin-based fluorescent carbon dots are prepared by hydrothermal method, exhibit small size <10 nm, reveal significant quantum yield, biocompatibility, non-toxicity, photostability and display substantial tunable emission and can be efficiently employed for sensing, bioimaging and energy storage applications. Finally, the forthcoming challenges, investigations, and options open for the chemical and/or physical modification of lignin into fluorescent materials for future applications are well-addressed. To our knowledge, this is the first comprehensive review report on lignin-based fluorescent materials and their light-responsive applications. In addition, this review will attract remarkable consideration and thrust for the researchers and biochemical technologists working with the preparation of lignin-based fluorescent materials for broad applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haq Nawaz
- Institute of Biomass Chemistry and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Xun Zhang
- Institute of Biomass Chemistry and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Sheng Chen
- Institute of Biomass Chemistry and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xin Li
- Institute of Biomass Chemistry and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xueming Zhang
- Institute of Biomass Chemistry and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Irfan Shabbir
- CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Institute of Biomass Chemistry and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
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3
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Jiang P, Pang B, Li G, Han Y, Chu F. Toward well-defined colloidal particles: Efficient fractionation of lignin by a multi-solvent strategy. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 254:127948. [PMID: 37951432 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Colloidal lignin particles (CLPs) have sparked various intriguing insights toward bio-polymeric materials and triggered many lignin-featured innovative applications. Here, we report a multi-solvent sequential fractionation methodology integrating green solvents of acetone, 1-butanol, and ethanol to fractionate industrial lignin for CLPs fabrication. Through a rationally designed fractionation strategy, multigrade lignin fractions with variable hydroxyl group contents, molecular weights, and high purity were obtained without altering their original chemical structures. CLPs with well-defined morphology, narrow size distribution, excellent thermal stability, and long-term colloidal stability can be obtained by rational selection of lignin fractions. We further elucidated that trace elements (S, N) were reorganized onto the near-surface area of CLPs from lignin fractions during the formation process in the form of -SO42- and -NH2. This work provides a sustainable and efficient strategy for refining industrial lignin into high-quality fractions and an in-depth insight into the CLPs formation process, holding great promise for enriching the existing libraries of colloidal materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Jiang
- Research Institute of Wood Industry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Xiangshan Road, Beijing 100091, China; National Engineering Research Center for Low-carbon and Efficient Utilization of Forest Biomass, Xiangshan Road, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Bo Pang
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, Svante Arrheniusväg 16C, Stockholm 10691, Sweden.
| | - Gaiyun Li
- Research Institute of Wood Industry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Xiangshan Road, Beijing 100091, China; National Engineering Research Center for Low-carbon and Efficient Utilization of Forest Biomass, Xiangshan Road, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Yanming Han
- Research Institute of Wood Industry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Xiangshan Road, Beijing 100091, China; National Engineering Research Center for Low-carbon and Efficient Utilization of Forest Biomass, Xiangshan Road, Beijing 100091, China.
| | - Fuxiang Chu
- Research Institute of Wood Industry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Xiangshan Road, Beijing 100091, China; National Engineering Research Center for Low-carbon and Efficient Utilization of Forest Biomass, Xiangshan Road, Beijing 100091, China
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Tong Y, Huang S, Meng X, Wang Y. Aqueous-Cellulose-Solvent-Derived Changes in Cellulose Nanocrystal Structure and Reinforcing Effects. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3030. [PMID: 37514420 PMCID: PMC10386394 DOI: 10.3390/polym15143030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellulose nanocrystals as reinforcing agents have received considerable interest, and their dimension mainly depends on the original sources of cellulose. We intend to manually modulate the morphology of cellulose nanocrystals by treating them with cellulose solvents so that we can explore their reinforcing capacity. In this work, waste cotton fabric was processed in two aqueous solvents (a sulfuric acid aqueous solution and a NaOH/urea aqueous solution), and the regenerated cellulose was used to produce cellulose nanocrystals using acid hydrolysis. The results revealed that the nanocrystals (RCNC-H) obtained after the treatment in sulfuric acid had a hybrid crystalline structure and a needle-like shape with an aspect ratio of about 15.2, while cotton fabric was completely dissolved in the NaOH/urea aqueous solution, and the regenerated nanocrystals (RCNC-N) displayed a typical crystalline form of cellulose II with a higher crystallinity and a shorter rod-like shape with an aspect ratio of about 6.3. The reinforcing effects of RCNC-H and RCNC-N were evaluated using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) films as a model, where the addition of RCNC-H resulted in a relatively better tensile strength and oxygen barrier property, and the PVA/RCNC-N films had a slightly lower water vapor permeability. Therefore, this work suggests a new possibility for altering the naturally formed nanostructure of cellulose for different applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqi Tong
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, Ste Anne de Bellevue, QC H9X 3V9, Canada
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Shenyang Agricultural University, No. 120 Dongling St., Shenhe District, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Shuting Huang
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, Ste Anne de Bellevue, QC H9X 3V9, Canada
| | - Xianjun Meng
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Shenyang Agricultural University, No. 120 Dongling St., Shenhe District, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Yixiang Wang
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, Ste Anne de Bellevue, QC H9X 3V9, Canada
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Morsali M, Moreno A, Loukovitou A, Pylypchuk I, Sipponen MH. Stabilized Lignin Nanoparticles for Versatile Hybrid and Functional Nanomaterials. Biomacromolecules 2022; 23:4597-4606. [PMID: 36237172 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c00840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Spherical lignin nanoparticles are emerging biobased nanomaterials, but instability and dissolution in organic solvents and aqueous alkali restrict their applicability. Here, we report the synthesis of hydroxymethylated lignin nanoparticles and their hydrothermal curing to stabilize the particles by internal cross-linking reactions. These colloidally stable particles contain a high biobased content of 97% with a tunable particle size distribution and structural stability in aqueous media (pH 3 to 12) and organic solvents such as acetone, ethanol, dimethylformamide, and tetrahydrofuran. We demonstrate that the free phenolic hydroxyl groups that are preserved in the cured particles function as efficient reducing sites for silver ions, giving rise to hybrid lignin-silver nanoparticles that can be used for quick and facile sensing of hydrogen peroxide. The stabilized lignin particles can also be directly modified using base-catalyzed reactions such as the ring-opening of cationic epoxides that render the particles with pH-dependent agglomeration and redispersion properties. Combining scalable synthesis, solvent stability, and reusability, this new class of lignin nanoparticles shows potential for its use in circular biobased nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Morsali
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg 16C, SE-106 91Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Adrian Moreno
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg 16C, SE-106 91Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Andriana Loukovitou
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg 16C, SE-106 91Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ievgen Pylypchuk
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg 16C, SE-106 91Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mika H Sipponen
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg 16C, SE-106 91Stockholm, Sweden
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Athinarayanan J, Periasamy VS, Alshatwi AA. Unveiling the Biocompatible Properties of Date Palm Tree ( Phoenix dactylifera L.) Biomass-Derived Lignin Nanoparticles. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:19270-19279. [PMID: 35721957 PMCID: PMC9202292 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c00753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Searching for sustainable, ecofriendly, and renewable precursors for nanostructured material synthesis is a fascinating area pertaining to feasibility in various applications. Especially, lignin-based material preparation is essential for unraveling the usage of lignin by valorization. Hence, we have synthesized lignin nanoparticles (LNPs) using date palm tree (Phoenix dactylifera L.) biomass as a precursor in this investigation. The LNP's morphological and thermal features were assessed. Moreover, we have evaluated the LNP's cytocompatibility properties by adopting in vitro approach. The P. dactylifera L. (PD) biomass-derived LNP's morphological features show a spherical shape with a 10-100 nm diameter. The LNPs have a decreased cell viability of ∼8% at a high concentration exposure to human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) for 48 h. However, the LNPs do not cause any cellular and nuclear morphology changes in hMSCs. The mitochondrial membrane potential assessment results confirm healthy mitochondria with high mitochondrial membrane potential in LNP-treated cells. The intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation assay results revealed that LNPs do not trigger ROS generation in hMSCs. We examined the upregulation of GSTM3 and GSR genes and the downregulation of SOD1 genes in LNP-treated hMSCs, but no significant changes were observed. Our study concluded that PD biomass-derived LNPs have a good cytocompatibility and an antioxidant property. Thus, they can be applicable for various biological, cosmetic, and environmental applications.
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Verdini F, Gaudino EC, Canova E, Tabasso S, Behbahani PJ, Cravotto G. Lignin as a Natural Carrier for the Efficient Delivery of Bioactive Compounds: From Waste to Health. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27113598. [PMID: 35684534 PMCID: PMC9182000 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27113598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Lignin is a fascinating aromatic biopolymer with high valorization potentiality. Besides its extensive value in the biorefinery context, as a renewable source of aromatics lignin is currently under evaluation for its huge potential in biomedical applications. Besides the specific antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of lignin, that depend on its source and isolation procedure, remarkable progress has been made, over the last five years, in the isolation, functionalization and modification of lignin and lignin-derived compounds to use as carriers for biologically active substances. The aim of this review is to summarize the current state of the art in the field of lignin-based carrier systems, highlighting the most important results. Furthermore, the possibilities and constraints related to the physico–chemical properties of the lignin source will be reviewed herein as well as the modifications and processing required to make lignin suitable for the loading and release of active compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Verdini
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, University of Turin, Via P. Giuria 9, 10125 Turin, Italy; (F.V.); (E.C.); (S.T.); (P.J.B.)
| | - Emanuela Calcio Gaudino
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, University of Turin, Via P. Giuria 9, 10125 Turin, Italy; (F.V.); (E.C.); (S.T.); (P.J.B.)
- Correspondence: (E.C.G.); (G.C.); Tel.: +39-011-670-7183 (G.C.)
| | - Erica Canova
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, University of Turin, Via P. Giuria 9, 10125 Turin, Italy; (F.V.); (E.C.); (S.T.); (P.J.B.)
- Huvepharma Italia Srl, Via Roberto Lepetit 142, 12075 Garessio, Italy
| | - Silvia Tabasso
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, University of Turin, Via P. Giuria 9, 10125 Turin, Italy; (F.V.); (E.C.); (S.T.); (P.J.B.)
| | - Paria Jafari Behbahani
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, University of Turin, Via P. Giuria 9, 10125 Turin, Italy; (F.V.); (E.C.); (S.T.); (P.J.B.)
| | - Giancarlo Cravotto
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, University of Turin, Via P. Giuria 9, 10125 Turin, Italy; (F.V.); (E.C.); (S.T.); (P.J.B.)
- Correspondence: (E.C.G.); (G.C.); Tel.: +39-011-670-7183 (G.C.)
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Burkhardt F, Spies BC, Wesemann C, Schirmeister CG, Licht EH, Beuer F, Steinberg T, Pieralli S. Cytotoxicity of polymers intended for the extrusion-based additive manufacturing of surgical guides. Sci Rep 2022; 12:7391. [PMID: 35513701 PMCID: PMC9072356 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-11426-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Extrusion-based printing enables simplified and economic manufacturing of surgical guides for oral implant placement. Therefore, the cytotoxicity of a biocopolyester (BE) and a polypropylene (PP), intended for the fused filament fabrication of surgical guides was evaluated. For comparison, a medically certified resin based on methacrylic esters (ME) was printed by stereolithography (n = 18 each group). Human gingival keratinocytes (HGK) were exposed to eluates of the tested materials and an impedance measurement and a tetrazolium assay (MTT) were performed. Modulations in gene expression were analyzed by quantitative PCR. One-way ANOVA with post-hoc Tukey tests were applied. None of the materials exceeded the threshold for cytotoxicity (< 70% viability in MTT) according to ISO 10993-5:2009. The impedance-based cell indices for PP and BE, reflecting cell proliferation, showed little deviations from the control, while ME caused a reduction of up to 45% after 72 h. PCR analysis after 72 h revealed only marginal modulations caused by BE while PP induced a down-regulation of genes encoding for inflammation and apoptosis (p < 0.05). In contrast, the 72 h ME eluate caused an up-regulation of these genes (p < 0.01). All evaluated materials can be considered biocompatible in vitro for short-term application. However, long-term contact to ME might induce (pro-)apoptotic/(pro-)inflammatory responses in HGK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Burkhardt
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center, Center for Dental Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Straße 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Benedikt C Spies
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center, Center for Dental Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Straße 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Christian Wesemann
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center, Center for Dental Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Straße 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany.,Department of Prosthodontics, Geriatric Dentistry and Craniomandibular Disorders, Charité -Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Assmanshauser Str. 4-6, 14197, Berlin, Germany
| | - Carl G Schirmeister
- Freiburg Materials Research Center FMF and Institute for Macromolecular Chemistry, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Str. 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.,Basell Sales & Marketing B.V., LyondellBasell Industries, Industriepark Höchst, 65926, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Erik H Licht
- Basell Sales & Marketing B.V., LyondellBasell Industries, Industriepark Höchst, 65926, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Florian Beuer
- Department of Prosthodontics, Geriatric Dentistry and Craniomandibular Disorders, Charité -Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Assmanshauser Str. 4-6, 14197, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thorsten Steinberg
- Division of Oral Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center, Center for Dental Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Straße 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Stefano Pieralli
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center, Center for Dental Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Straße 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
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Wang J, Chen W, Yang D, Fang Z, Liu W, Xiang T, Qiu X. Monodispersed Lignin Colloidal Spheres with Tailorable Sizes for Bio-Photonic Materials. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2200671. [PMID: 35388977 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202200671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Lignin colloidal spheres (LCSs) are promising biomaterials for application in drug storage and delivery, pollutant adsorption, and ultraviolet protection due to their biocompatibility, amphiphilicity, and conjugated structure. However, wide size distribution of LCSs greatly limits their performances, especially in many precise and advanced applications. Herein, the fabrication of monodispersed LCSs with tailorable sizes ranging from the nanoscale to microscale is reported. Lignin raw materials are first fractionated by solvent extraction, and then the lignin fraction is used to fabricate monodispersed LCSs by solvent/antisolvent self-assembly. The underlying mechanism for the formation of monodispersed LCS is primarily ascribed to the improved homogeneity of long-range intermolecular forces, especially the electrostatic forces and hydrophobic forces, between lignin molecules. Moreover, by manipulating the short-range order of LCSs, an innovative application of lignin as bio-photonic materials with tunable structural colorations (e.g., red, green, or blue) is demonstrated. This work not only provides deep insight and an effective strategy to eliminate the serious inhomogeneity of LCSs, but also makes lignin resources have great potential as biodegradable and biocompatible photonic materials in diverse advanced optical application fields such as photonic devices, anti-counterfeiting labels, and structural color pigments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyu Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China
| | - Wenhao Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China
| | - Dongjie Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China
| | - Zhiqiang Fang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China
| | - Weifeng Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China
| | - Ting Xiang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China
| | - Xueqing Qiu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
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10
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Mudigunda SV, Pemmaraju DB, Paradkar S, Puppala ER, Gawali B, Upadhyayula SM, Vegi Gangamodi N, Rengan AK. Multifunctional Polymeric Nanoparticles for Chemo/Phototheranostics of Retinoblastoma. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2021; 8:151-160. [PMID: 34933546 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.1c01234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Retinoblastoma (Rb) is the most critical and severe intraocular malignancy occurring in children. The clinical management of retinoblastoma is still challenging due to failure in early detection and control despite the advancements in medical strategies. Early-stage Rb tumors do not occupy major visual fields, so chemo/photothermal therapy (PTT) with biocompatible materials can be a practical approach. Herein, we report multifunctional polymeric nanoparticles (PNPs) entrapped with an FDA-approved anticancer drug, Palbociclib (PCB), and a near-infrared dye, IR820 (IR), as chemo/photothermal agents. These PCB/IR PNPs were evaluated for the combinational effect in the retinoblastoma cell line. Further, the in vivo photoacoustic imaging efficacy and acute toxicity profile of the PNPs were studied in a mice model. The results indicated that the PCB/IR PNPs exhibited a significant cytotoxic effect (86.5 ± 2.3%) in Y79 cell lines than the respective control groups upon exposure to NIR light. Qualitative and quantitative analyses indicated that PCB/IR PNPs with NIR light induction resulted in DNA damage followed by apoptosis. PCB/IR PNPs, when tested in vivo, showed optimal photoacoustic signals. Thus, the combination of PCB and PTT can emerge as a translational modality for retinoblastoma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushma Venkata Mudigunda
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Telangana 502285, India
| | - Deepak B Pemmaraju
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research Guwahati, Silakatamur, Kamrup, Changsari, Assam 781101, India
| | - Shivangi Paradkar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Telangana 502285, India
| | - Eswara Rao Puppala
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research Guwahati, Silakatamur, Kamrup, Changsari, Assam 781101, India
| | - Basveshwar Gawali
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research Guwahati, Silakatamur, Kamrup, Changsari, Assam 781101, India
| | - Suryanarayana Murty Upadhyayula
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research Guwahati, Silakatamur, Kamrup, Changsari, Assam 781101, India
| | - Naidu Vegi Gangamodi
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research Guwahati, Silakatamur, Kamrup, Changsari, Assam 781101, India
| | - Aravind Kumar Rengan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Telangana 502285, India
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Ji X, Guo J, Guan F, Liu Y, Yang Q, Zhang X, Xu Y. Preparation of Electrospun Polyvinyl Alcohol/Nanocellulose Composite Film and Evaluation of Its Biomedical Performance. Gels 2021; 7:gels7040223. [PMID: 34842695 PMCID: PMC8628797 DOI: 10.3390/gels7040223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and nanocellulose (NC) as raw materials, PVA/NC nanofiber membranes were prepared by electrospinning. The hydrogen bonding, crystalline properties and microscopic appearance of PVA/NC membranes with different NC contents were characterized. The mechanical properties, liquid absorption and cytotoxicity of the nanofiber membrane were evaluated. The results show that the free hydroxyl group of the PVA/NC nanofiber membranes have a maximum value of 9% at a mass fraction of 6% NC. The crystallinity of the PVA/NC nanofiber membranes and the average diameter of the nanofibers decreased and then increased as the NC content increased, with a minimum value of 38.23% and 272.03 nm, respectively, at 6% NC content. At this time, the contact angle was the smallest. The maximum strength of the PVA/NC nanofiber membranes is 75.8% higher than that of the PVA membrane at 2% NC content. With increasing NC content, the absorption of water, PBS sustained-release suspensions and artificial blood by PVA/NC nanofiber membranes increases. Cytotoxicity tests have shown that PVA/NC nanofiber membranes are non-toxic, have good cytocompatibility and are expected to be used in the field of medical dressings.
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12
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Figueiredo P, Lepland A, Scodeller P, Fontana F, Torrieri G, Tiboni M, Shahbazi MA, Casettari L, Kostiainen MA, Hirvonen J, Teesalu T, Santos HA. Peptide-guided resiquimod-loaded lignin nanoparticles convert tumor-associated macrophages from M2 to M1 phenotype for enhanced chemotherapy. Acta Biomater 2021; 133:231-243. [PMID: 33011297 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.09.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Nanomedicines represent innovative and promising alternative technologies to improve the therapeutic effects of different drugs for cancer ablation. Targeting M2-like tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) has emerged as a favorable therapeutic approach to fight against cancer through the modulation of the tumor microenvironment. However, the immunomodulatory molecules used for this purpose present side effects upon systemic administration, which limits their clinical translation. Here, the biocompatible lignin polymer is used to prepare lignin nanoparticles (LNPs) that carry a dual agonist of the toll-like receptors TLR7/8 (resiquimod, R848). These LNPs are targeted to the CD206-positive M2-like TAMs using the "mUNO" peptide, in order to revert their pro-tumor phenotype into anti-tumor M1-like macrophages in the tumor microenvironment of an aggressive triple-negative in vivo model of breast cancer. Overall, we show that targeting the resiquimod (R848)-loaded LNPs to the M2-like macrophages, using very low doses of R848, induces a profound shift in the immune cells in the tumor microenvironment towards an anti-tumor immune state, by increasing the representation of M1-like macrophages, cytotoxic T cells, and activated dendritic cells. This effect consequently enhances the anticancer effect of the vinblastine (Vin) when co-administered with R848-loaded LNPs. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Lignin-based nanoparticles (LNPs) were successfully developed to target a potent TLR7/8 agonist (R848) of the tumor microenvironment (TME). This was achieved by targeting the mannose receptor (CD206) on the tumor supportive (M2-like) macrophages with the "mUNO" peptide, to reprogram them into an anti-tumor (M1-like) phenotype for enhanced chemotherapy. LNPs modified the biodistribution of the R848, and enhanced its accumulation and efficacy in shifting the immunological profile of the cells in the TME, which was not achieved by systemic administration of free R848. Moreover, a reduction in the tumor volumes was observed at lower equivalent doses of R848 compared with other studies. Therefore, the co-administration of R848@LNPs is a promising chemotherapeutic application in aggressive tumors, such as the triple-negative breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia Figueiredo
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Anni Lepland
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Pablo Scodeller
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 50411 Tartu, Estonia.
| | - Flavia Fontana
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Giulia Torrieri
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mattia Tiboni
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Mohammad-Ali Shahbazi
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland; Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, 56184-45139 Zanjan, Iran
| | - Luca Casettari
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Mauri A Kostiainen
- Biohybrid Materials, Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, FI-00076, Aalto, Finland
| | - Jouni Hirvonen
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tambet Teesalu
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Cell, Molecular and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, 93106, CA, USA; Cancer Research Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, 92037, CA, USA.
| | - Hélder A Santos
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland; Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE), University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland.
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13
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Moreno A, Liu J, Gueret R, Hadi SE, Bergström L, Slabon A, Sipponen MH. Unravelling the Hydration Barrier of Lignin Oleate Nanoparticles for Acid‐ and Base‐Catalyzed Functionalization in Dispersion State. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202106743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Moreno
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry Stockholm University Svante Arrhenius väg 16C 10691 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Jinrong Liu
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry Stockholm University Svante Arrhenius väg 16C 10691 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Robin Gueret
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry Stockholm University Svante Arrhenius väg 16C 10691 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Seyed Ehsan Hadi
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry Stockholm University Svante Arrhenius väg 16C 10691 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Lennart Bergström
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry Stockholm University Svante Arrhenius väg 16C 10691 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Adam Slabon
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry Stockholm University Svante Arrhenius väg 16C 10691 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Mika H. Sipponen
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry Stockholm University Svante Arrhenius väg 16C 10691 Stockholm Sweden
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14
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Moreno A, Liu J, Gueret R, Hadi SE, Bergström L, Slabon A, Sipponen MH. Unravelling the Hydration Barrier of Lignin Oleate Nanoparticles for Acid- and Base-Catalyzed Functionalization in Dispersion State. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:20897-20905. [PMID: 34196470 PMCID: PMC8518943 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202106743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Lignin nanoparticles (LNPs) are promising renewable nanomaterials with applications ranging from biomedicine to water purification. However, the instability of LNPs under acidic and basic conditions severely limits their functionalization for improved performance. Here, we show that controlling the degree of esterification can significantly improve the stability of lignin oleate nanoparticles (OLNPs) in acidic and basic aqueous dispersions. The high stability of OLNPs is attributed to the alkyl chains accumulated in the shell of the particle, which delays protonation/deprotonation of carboxylic acid and phenolic hydroxyl groups. Owing to the enhanced stability, acid‐ and base‐catalyzed functionalization of OLNPs at pH 2.0 and pH 12.0 via oxirane ring‐opening reactions were successfully performed. We also demonstrated these new functionalized particles as efficient pH‐switchable dye adsorbents and anticorrosive particulate coatings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Moreno
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg 16C, 10691, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jinrong Liu
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg 16C, 10691, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Robin Gueret
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg 16C, 10691, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Seyed Ehsan Hadi
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg 16C, 10691, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lennart Bergström
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg 16C, 10691, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Adam Slabon
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg 16C, 10691, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mika H Sipponen
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg 16C, 10691, Stockholm, Sweden
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15
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Imlimthan S, Khng YC, Keinänen O, Zhang W, Airaksinen AJ, Kostiainen MA, Zeglis BM, Santos HA, Sarparanta M. A Theranostic Cellulose Nanocrystal-Based Drug Delivery System with Enhanced Retention in Pulmonary Metastasis of Melanoma. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2007705. [PMID: 33738957 PMCID: PMC8175021 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202007705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Metastatic melanoma can be difficult to detect until at the advanced state that decreases the survival rate of patients. Several FDA-approved BRAF inhibitors have been used for treatment of metastatic melanoma, but overall therapeutic efficacy has been limited. Lutetium-177 (177 Lu) enables simultaneous tracking of tracer accumulation with single-photon emission computed tomography and radiotherapy. Therefore, the codelivery of 177 Lu alongside chemotherapeutic agents using nanoparticles (NPs) might improve the therapeutic outcome in metastatic melanoma. Cellulose nanocrystals (CNC NPs) can particularly deliver payloads to lung capillaries in vivo. Herein, 177 Lu-labeled CNC NPs loaded with vemurafenib ([177 Lu]Lu-CNC-V NPs) is developed and the therapeutic effect in BRAF V600E mutation-harboring YUMM1.G1 murine model of lung metastatic melanoma is investigated. The [177 Lu]Lu-CNC-V NPs demonstrate favorable radiolabel stability, drug release profile, cellular uptake, and cell growth inhibition in vitro. In vivo biodistribution reveals significant retention of the [177 Lu]Lu-CNC-V NPs in the lung, liver, and spleen. Ultimately, the median survival time of animals is doubly increased after treatment with [177 Lu]Lu-CNC-V NPs compared to control groups. The enhanced therapeutic efficacy of [177 Lu]Lu-CNC-V NPs in the lung metastatic melanoma animal model provides convincing evidence for the potential of clinical translation for theranostic CNC NP-based drug delivery systems after intravenous administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surachet Imlimthan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FI-00014, Finland
| | - You Cheng Khng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FI-00014, Finland
| | - Outi Keinänen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FI-00014, Finland
- Department of Chemistry, Hunter College, The City University of New York, New York, NY 10021, USA
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Wenzhong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FI-00014, Finland
| | - Anu J. Airaksinen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FI-00014, Finland
- Turku PET Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Turku, FI-20521 Turku, Finland
| | - Mauri A. Kostiainen
- Biohybrid Materials, Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Brian M. Zeglis
- Department of Chemistry, Hunter College, The City University of New York, New York, NY 10021, USA
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021, USA
- Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York 10021, NY, USA
| | - Hélder A. Santos
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE), FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mirkka Sarparanta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FI-00014, Finland
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16
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Ahmed U, Ahmed R, Masoud MS, Tariq M, Ashfaq UA, Augustine R, Hasan A. Stem cells based in vitro models: trends and prospects in biomaterials cytotoxicity studies. Biomed Mater 2021; 16:042003. [PMID: 33686970 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/abe6d8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Advanced biomaterials are increasingly used for numerous medical applications from the delivery of cancer-targeted therapeutics to the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. The issues of foreign body reactions induced by biomaterials must be controlled for preventing treatment failure. Therefore, it is important to assess the biocompatibility and cytotoxicity of biomaterials on cell culture systems before proceeding to in vivo studies in animal models and subsequent clinical trials. Direct use of biomaterials on animals create technical challenges and ethical issues and therefore, the use of non-animal models such as stem cell cultures could be useful for determination of their safety. However, failure to recapitulate the complex in vivo microenvironment have largely restricted stem cell cultures for testing the cytotoxicity of biomaterials. Nevertheless, properties of stem cells such as their self-renewal and ability to differentiate into various cell lineages make them an ideal candidate for in vitro screening studies. Furthermore, the application of stem cells in biomaterials screening studies may overcome the challenges associated with the inability to develop a complex heterogeneous tissue using primary cells. Currently, embryonic stem cells, adult stem cells, and induced pluripotent stem cells are being used as in vitro preliminary biomaterials testing models with demonstrated advantages over mature primary cell or cell line based in vitro models. This review discusses the status and future directions of in vitro stem cell-based cultures and their derivatives such as spheroids and organoids for the screening of their safety before their application to animal models and human in translational research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uzair Ahmed
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000 Punjab, Pakistan
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17
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Heise K, Delepierre G, King AWT, Kostiainen MA, Zoppe J, Weder C, Kontturi E. Chemical Modification of Reducing End-Groups in Cellulose Nanocrystals. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:66-87. [PMID: 32329947 PMCID: PMC7821002 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202002433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Native plant cellulose has an intrinsic supramolecular structure. Consequently, it can be isolated as nanocellulose species, which can be utilized as building blocks for renewable nanomaterials. The structure of cellulose also permits its end-wise modification, i.e., chemical reactions exclusively on one end of a cellulose chain or a nanocellulose particle. The premises for end-wise modification have been known for decades. Nevertheless, different approaches for the reactions have emerged only recently, because of formidable synthetic and analytical challenges associated with the issue, including the adverse reactivity of the cellulose reducing end and the low abundance of newly introduced functionalities. This Review gives a full account of the scientific underpinnings and challenges related to end-wise modification of cellulose nanocrystals. Furthermore, we present how the chemical modification of cellulose nanocrystal ends may be applied to directed assembly, resulting in numerous possibilities for the construction of new materials, such as responsive liquid crystal templates and composites with tailored interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja Heise
- Department of Bioproducts and BiosystemsAalto UniversityP.O. Box 16300FI-00076 AaltoEspooFinland
| | - Gwendoline Delepierre
- Adolphe Merkle InstituteUniversité de FribourgChemin des Verdiers 4CH-1700FribourgSwitzerland
| | - Alistair W. T. King
- Materials Chemistry DivisionChemistry DepartmentUniversity of HelsinkiA.I. Virtasen aukio 1, P.O. Box 55FI-00014HelsinkiFinland
| | - Mauri A. Kostiainen
- Department of Bioproducts and BiosystemsAalto UniversityP.O. Box 16300FI-00076 AaltoEspooFinland
| | - Justin Zoppe
- Omya International AGBaslerstrasse 42CH-4665OftringenSwitzerland
| | - Christoph Weder
- Adolphe Merkle InstituteUniversité de FribourgChemin des Verdiers 4CH-1700FribourgSwitzerland
| | - Eero Kontturi
- Department of Bioproducts and BiosystemsAalto UniversityP.O. Box 16300FI-00076 AaltoEspooFinland
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18
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Farooq M, Zou T, Valle-Delgado JJ, Sipponen MH, Morits M, Österberg M. Well-Defined Lignin Model Films from Colloidal Lignin Particles. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:15592-15602. [PMID: 33326249 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c02970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The transformation of a molecularly complex and irregularly shaped lignin into a nanoscale spherical architecture is anticipated to play a pivotal role in the promotion of lignin valorization. From the standpoint of using colloidal lignin particles (CLPs) as building blocks for a diverse range of applications, it has become essential to study their interactions with soluble compounds of varied origin. However, the lack of model films with well-defined surface properties similar to those of CLPs has hindered fundamental studies using surface-sensitive techniques. Here, we report well-defined and stable thin films prepared from CLPs and demonstrate their suitability for investigation of surface phenomena. Direct adsorption on substrates coated with a cationic anchoring polymer resulted in uniform distribution of CLPs as shown with atomic force microscopy (AFM). Quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D) experiments revealed higher adsorbed mass of cationic lignin onto the CLP-coated substrate in comparison to the film prepared from dissolved lignin, suggesting preferential adsorption via the carboxylic acid enriched surfaces of CLPs. QCM-D further enabled detection of small changes such as particle swelling or partial dissolution not detectable via bulk methods such as light scattering. The CLP thin films remained stable until pH 8 and displayed only a low degree of swelling. Increasing the pH to 10 led to some instability, but their spherical geometry remained intact until complete dissolution was observed at pH 12. Particles prepared from aqueous acetone or aqueous tetrahydrofuran solution followed similar trends regarding adsorption, pH stability, and wetting, although the particle size affected the magnitude of adsorption. Overall, our results present a practical way to prepare well-defined CLP thin films that will be useful not only for fundamental studies but also as a platform for testing stability and interactions of lignin nanoparticles with materials of technical and biomedical relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Farooq
- School of Chemical Engineering, Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, Vuorimiehentie 1, 02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Tao Zou
- School of Chemical Engineering, Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, Vuorimiehentie 1, 02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Juan José Valle-Delgado
- School of Chemical Engineering, Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, Vuorimiehentie 1, 02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Mika Henrikki Sipponen
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, Stockholm 10691, Sweden
| | - Maria Morits
- School of Chemical Engineering, Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, Vuorimiehentie 1, 02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Monika Österberg
- School of Chemical Engineering, Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, Vuorimiehentie 1, 02150 Espoo, Finland
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19
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Luzi F, Tortorella I, Di Michele A, Dominici F, Argentati C, Morena F, Torre L, Puglia D, Martino S. Novel Nanocomposite PLA Films with Lignin/Zinc Oxide Hybrids: Design, Characterization, Interaction with Mesenchymal Stem Cells. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E2176. [PMID: 33142867 PMCID: PMC7692172 DOI: 10.3390/nano10112176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Herein we present the production of novel nanocomposite films consisting of polylactic acid (PLA) polymer and the inclusion of nanoparticles of lignin (LNP), ZnO and hybrid ZnO@LNP (ZnO, 3.5% wt, ICP), characterized by similar regular shapes and different diameter distribution (30-70 nm and 100-150 nm, respectively). The obtained set of binary, ternary and quaternary systems were similar in surface wettability and morphology but different in the tensile performance: while the presence of LNP and ZnO in PLA caused a reduction of elastic modulus, stress and deformation at break, the inclusion of ZnO@LNP increased the stiffness and tensile strength (σb = 65.9 MPa and EYoung = 3030 MPa) with respect to neat PLA (σb = 37.4 MPa and EYoung = 2280 MPa). Neat and nanocomposite PLA-derived films were suitable for adult human bone marrow-mesenchymal stem cells and adipose stem cell cultures, as showed by their viability and behavior comparable to control conditions. Both stem cell types adhered to the films' surface by vinculin focal adhesion spots and responded to the films' mechanical properties by orchestrating the F-actin-filamin A interaction. Collectively, our results support the biomedical application of neat- and nanocomposite-PLA films and, based on the absence of toxicity in seeded stem cells, provide a proof of principle of their safety for food packaging purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Luzi
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Materials Engineering Center, UdR INSTM, University of Perugia, Strada di Pentima 4, 05100 Terni, Italy; (F.L.); (F.D.); (L.T.)
| | - Ilaria Tortorella
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnologies, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy; (I.T.); (C.A.); (F.M.)
| | - Alessandro Di Michele
- Department of Physics and Geology, University of Perugia, Via Pascoli, 1, 06123 Perugia, Italy;
| | - Franco Dominici
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Materials Engineering Center, UdR INSTM, University of Perugia, Strada di Pentima 4, 05100 Terni, Italy; (F.L.); (F.D.); (L.T.)
| | - Chiara Argentati
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnologies, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy; (I.T.); (C.A.); (F.M.)
| | - Francesco Morena
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnologies, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy; (I.T.); (C.A.); (F.M.)
| | - Luigi Torre
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Materials Engineering Center, UdR INSTM, University of Perugia, Strada di Pentima 4, 05100 Terni, Italy; (F.L.); (F.D.); (L.T.)
| | - Debora Puglia
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Materials Engineering Center, UdR INSTM, University of Perugia, Strada di Pentima 4, 05100 Terni, Italy; (F.L.); (F.D.); (L.T.)
| | - Sabata Martino
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnologies, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy; (I.T.); (C.A.); (F.M.)
- CEMIN, Center of Excellence on Nanostructured Innovative Materials, Via del Giochetto, 06123 Perugia, Italy
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20
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Heise K, Delepierre G, King AWT, Kostiainen MA, Zoppe J, Weder C, Kontturi E. Chemische Modifizierung der reduzierenden Enden von Cellulosenanokristallen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202002433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Katja Heise
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Aalto University P.O. Box 16300 FI-00076 Aalto Espoo Finnland
| | - Gwendoline Delepierre
- Adolphe Merkle Institute Université de Fribourg Chemin des Verdiers 4 CH-1700 Fribourg Schweiz
| | - Alistair W. T. King
- Materials Chemistry Division Chemistry Department University of Helsinki A.I. Virtasen aukio 1, P.O. Box 55 FI-00014 Helsinki Finnland
| | - Mauri A. Kostiainen
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Aalto University P.O. Box 16300 FI-00076 Aalto Espoo Finnland
| | - Justin Zoppe
- Omya International AG Baslerstrasse 42 CH-4665 Oftringen Schweiz
| | - Christoph Weder
- Adolphe Merkle Institute Université de Fribourg Chemin des Verdiers 4 CH-1700 Fribourg Schweiz
| | - Eero Kontturi
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Aalto University P.O. Box 16300 FI-00076 Aalto Espoo Finnland
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