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Zhang ZX, Tian Y, Li S, Jing HB, Cai J, Li M, Xing GG. Involvement of HDAC2-mediated kcnq2/kcnq3 genes transcription repression activated by EREG/EGFR-ERK-Runx1 signaling in bone cancer pain. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:416. [PMID: 39192337 PMCID: PMC11350972 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01797-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Bone cancer pain (BCP) represents a prevalent symptom among cancer patients with bone metastases, yet its underlying mechanisms remain elusive. This study investigated the transcriptional regulation mechanism of Kv7(KCNQ)/M potassium channels in DRG neurons and its involvement in the development of BCP in rats. We show that HDAC2-mediated transcriptional repression of kcnq2/kcnq3 genes, which encode Kv7(KCNQ)/M potassium channels in dorsal root ganglion (DRG), contributes to the sensitization of DRG neurons and the pathogenesis of BCP in rats. Also, HDAC2 requires the formation of a corepressor complex with MeCP2 and Sin3A to execute transcriptional regulation of kcnq2/kcnq3 genes. Moreover, EREG is identified as an upstream signal molecule for HDAC2-mediated kcnq2/kcnq3 genes transcription repression. Activation of EREG/EGFR-ERK-Runx1 signaling, followed by the induction of HDAC2-mediated transcriptional repression of kcnq2/kcnq3 genes in DRG neurons, leads to neuronal hyperexcitability and pain hypersensitivity in tumor-bearing rats. Consequently, the activation of EREG/EGFR-ERK-Runx1 signaling, along with the subsequent transcriptional repression of kcnq2/kcnq3 genes by HDAC2 in DRG neurons, underlies the sensitization of DRG neurons and the pathogenesis of BCP in rats. These findings uncover a potentially targetable mechanism contributing to bone metastasis-associated pain in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Xian Zhang
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center and Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Tian
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center and Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education of China & National Health Commission of China, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Song Li
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center and Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Hong-Bo Jing
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center and Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Cai
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center and Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education of China & National Health Commission of China, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Guo-Gang Xing
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center and Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University, Beijing, China.
- Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education of China & National Health Commission of China, Beijing, 100191, China.
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Roy A, Segond von Banchet G, Gimeno-Ferrer F, König C, Eitner A, Ebersberger A, Ebbinghaus M, Leuchtweis J, Schaible HG. Impact of Interleukin-6 Activation and Arthritis on Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) Activation in Sensory Neurons and the Spinal Cord. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7168. [PMID: 39000275 PMCID: PMC11241234 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
In tumor cells, interleukin-6 (IL-6) signaling can lead to activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), which prolongs Stat3 activation. In the present experiments, we tested the hypothesis that IL-6 signaling activates EGFR signaling in peripheral and spinal nociception and examined whether EGFR localization and activation coincide with pain-related behaviors in arthritis. In vivo in anesthetized rats, spinal application of the EGFR receptor blocker gefitinib reduced the responses of spinal cord neurons to noxious joint stimulation, but only after spinal pretreatment with IL-6 and soluble IL-6 receptor. Using Western blots, we found that IL-6-induced Stat3 activation was reduced by gefitinib in microglial cells of the BV2 cell line, but not in cultured DRG neurons. Immunohistochemistry showed EGFR localization in most DRG neurons from normal rats, but significant downregulation in the acute and most painful arthritis phase. In the spinal cord of mice, EGFR was highly activated mainly in the chronic phase of inflammation, with localization in neurons. These data suggest that spinal IL-6 signaling may activate spinal EGFR signaling. Downregulation of EGFR in DRG neurons in acute arthritis may limit nociception, but pronounced delayed activation of EGFR in the spinal cord may be involved in chronic inflammatory pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anutosh Roy
- Institute of Physiology 1/Neurophysiology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich-Schiller-University, 07743 Jena, Germany; (A.R.); (G.S.v.B.); (F.G.-F.); (C.K.); (A.E.); (M.E.); (J.L.)
| | - Gisela Segond von Banchet
- Institute of Physiology 1/Neurophysiology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich-Schiller-University, 07743 Jena, Germany; (A.R.); (G.S.v.B.); (F.G.-F.); (C.K.); (A.E.); (M.E.); (J.L.)
| | - Fátima Gimeno-Ferrer
- Institute of Physiology 1/Neurophysiology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich-Schiller-University, 07743 Jena, Germany; (A.R.); (G.S.v.B.); (F.G.-F.); (C.K.); (A.E.); (M.E.); (J.L.)
| | - Christian König
- Institute of Physiology 1/Neurophysiology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich-Schiller-University, 07743 Jena, Germany; (A.R.); (G.S.v.B.); (F.G.-F.); (C.K.); (A.E.); (M.E.); (J.L.)
| | - Annett Eitner
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Experimental Trauma Surgery, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich-Schiller-University, 07743 Jena, Germany;
| | - Andrea Ebersberger
- Institute of Physiology 1/Neurophysiology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich-Schiller-University, 07743 Jena, Germany; (A.R.); (G.S.v.B.); (F.G.-F.); (C.K.); (A.E.); (M.E.); (J.L.)
| | - Matthias Ebbinghaus
- Institute of Physiology 1/Neurophysiology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich-Schiller-University, 07743 Jena, Germany; (A.R.); (G.S.v.B.); (F.G.-F.); (C.K.); (A.E.); (M.E.); (J.L.)
| | - Johannes Leuchtweis
- Institute of Physiology 1/Neurophysiology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich-Schiller-University, 07743 Jena, Germany; (A.R.); (G.S.v.B.); (F.G.-F.); (C.K.); (A.E.); (M.E.); (J.L.)
| | - Hans-Georg Schaible
- Institute of Physiology 1/Neurophysiology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich-Schiller-University, 07743 Jena, Germany; (A.R.); (G.S.v.B.); (F.G.-F.); (C.K.); (A.E.); (M.E.); (J.L.)
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3
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Armijos MJG, Bassani TF, Fernandez CC, Rodrigues MA, Gomes DA. Decoding how receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) mediate nuclear calcium signaling. Adv Biol Regul 2024; 92:101033. [PMID: 38739986 PMCID: PMC11156257 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbior.2024.101033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Calcium (Ca2+) is a highly versatile intracellular messenger that regulates several cellular processes. Although it is unclear how a single-second messenger coordinates various effects within a cell, there is growing evidence that spatial patterns of Ca2+ signals play an essential role in determining their specificity. Ca2+ signaling patterns can differ in various cell regions, and Ca2+ signals in the nuclear and cytoplasmic compartments have been observed to occur independently. The initiation and function of Ca2+ signaling within the nucleus are not yet fully understood. Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) induce Ca2+ signaling resulting from phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) hydrolysis and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (InsP3) formation within the nucleus. This signaling mechanism may be responsible for the effects of specific growth factors on cell proliferation and gene transcription. This review highlights the recent advances in RTK trafficking to the nucleus and explains how these receptors initiate nuclear calcium signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- María José González Armijos
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Thais Fernandes Bassani
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Clara Couto Fernandez
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Michele Angela Rodrigues
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Dawidson Assis Gomes
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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4
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Newell S, van der Watt PJ, Leaner VD. Therapeutic targeting of nuclear export and import receptors in cancer and their potential in combination chemotherapy. IUBMB Life 2024; 76:4-25. [PMID: 37623925 PMCID: PMC10952567 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Systemic modalities are crucial in the management of disseminated malignancies and liquid tumours. However, patient responses and tolerability to treatment are generally poor and those that enter remission often return with refractory disease. Combination therapies provide a methodology to overcome chemoresistance mechanisms and address dose-limiting toxicities. A deeper understanding of tumorigenic processes at the molecular level has brought a targeted therapy approach to the forefront of cancer research, and novel cancer biomarkers are being identified at a rapid rate, with some showing potential therapeutic benefits. The Karyopherin superfamily of proteins is soluble receptors that mediate nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of proteins and RNAs, and recently, nuclear transport receptors have been recognized as novel anticancer targets. Inhibitors against nuclear export have been approved for clinical use against certain cancer types, whereas inhibitors against nuclear import are in preclinical stages of investigation. Mechanistically, targeting nucleocytoplasmic shuttling has shown to abrogate oncogenic signalling and restore tumour suppressor functions through nuclear sequestration of relevant proteins and mRNAs. Hence, nuclear transport inhibitors display broad spectrum anticancer activity and harbour potential to engage in synergistic interactions with a wide array of cytotoxic agents and other targeted agents. This review is focussed on the most researched nuclear transport receptors in the context of cancer, XPO1 and KPNB1, and highlights how inhibitors targeting these receptors can enhance the therapeutic efficacy of standard of care therapies and novel targeted agents in a combination therapy approach. Furthermore, an updated review on the therapeutic targeting of lesser characterized karyopherin proteins is provided and resistance to clinically approved nuclear export inhibitors is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stella Newell
- Division of Medical Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of Cape TownCape TownSouth Africa
| | - Pauline J. van der Watt
- Division of Medical Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of Cape TownCape TownSouth Africa
- Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape TownCape TownSouth Africa
| | - Virna D. Leaner
- Division of Medical Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of Cape TownCape TownSouth Africa
- UCT/SAMRC Gynaecological Cancer Research CentreUniversity of Cape TownCape TownSouth Africa
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5
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Facca VJ, Cai Z, Ku A, Georgiou CJ, Reilly RM. Adjuvant Auger Electron-Emitting Radioimmunotherapy with [ 111In]In-DOTA-Panitumumab in a Mouse Model of Local Recurrence and Metastatic Progression of Human Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Mol Pharm 2023; 20:6407-6419. [PMID: 37983089 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has a high risk for recurrence and metastasis. We studied the effectiveness of Auger electron (AE) radioimmunotherapy (RIT) with antiepidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) panitumumab conjugated with DOTA complexed to 111In ([111In]In-DOTA-panitumumab) for preventing metastatic progression after local treatment of 231/LM2-4 Luc+ human TNBC tumors in the mammary fat pad of NRG mice. Prior to RIT, the primary tumor was resected, and tumor margins were treated with X-irradiation (XRT; 5 days × 6 Gy/d). RIT was administered 1 day post-XRT by intravenous injection of 26 MBq (15 μg) or 2 × 10 MBq (15 μg each) separated by 7 d. These treatments were compared to tumor resection with or without XRT combined with DOTA-panitumumab (15 μg) or irrelevant [111In]In-DOTA-IgG2 (24 MBq; 15 μg), and efficacy was evaluated by Kaplan-Meier survival curves. The effect of [111In]In-DOTA-panitumumab (23 MBq; 15 μg) after tumor resection without local XRT was also studied. Tumor resection followed by XRT and RIT with 26 MBq [111In]In-DOTA-panitumumab significantly increased the median survival to 35 d compared to tumor resection with or without XRT (23-24 d; P < 0.0001). Local treatment with tumor resection and XRT followed by 2 × 10 MBq of [111In]In-DOTA-panitumumab, DOTA-panitumumab, or [111In]In-DOTA-IgG2 did not significantly improve median survival (26 days for all treatments). RIT alone with [111In]In-DOTA-panitumumab postresection of the tumor without XRT increased median survival to 29 days, though this was not significant. Despite significantly improved survival in mice treated with tumor resection, XRT, and RIT with [111In]In-DOTA-panitumumab, all mice eventually succumbed to advanced metastatic disease by 45 d post-tumor resection. SPECT/CT with [111In]In-DOTA-panitumumab, PET/MRI with [64Cu]Cu-DOTA-panitumumab F(ab')2, and PET/CT with [18F]FDG were used to detect recurrent and metastatic disease. Uptake of [111In]In-DOTA-panitumumab at 4 d p.i. in the MFP tumor was 26.8 ± 9.7% ID/g and in metastatic lymph nodes (LN), lungs, and liver was 34.2 ± 26.9% ID/g, 17.5 ± 6.0% ID/g, and 9.4 ± 2.4%ID/g, respectively, while uptake in the lungs (6.0 ± 0.9% ID/g) and liver (5.2 ± 2.9% ID/g) of non-tumor-bearing NRG was significantly lower (P < 0.05). Radiation-absorbed doses in metastatic LN, lungs, and liver were 9.7 ± 6.1, 6.4 ± 2.1, and 10.9 ± 2.7 Gy, respectively. In conclusion, we demonstrated that RIT with [111In]In-DOTA-panitumumab combined with tumor resection and XRT significantly improved the survival of mice with recurrent TNBC. However, the aggressive nature of 231/LM2-4 Luc+ tumors in NRG mice may have contributed to the tumor recurrence and progression observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie J Facca
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, 144 College St., Toronto, Ontario M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Zhongli Cai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, 144 College St., Toronto, Ontario M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Anthony Ku
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, 144 College St., Toronto, Ontario M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Constantine J Georgiou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, 144 College St., Toronto, Ontario M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Raymond M Reilly
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, 144 College St., Toronto, Ontario M5S 3M2, Canada
- Department of Medical Imaging, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
- Joint Department of Medical Imaging and Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2C1, Canada
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6
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Zhang C, Yuan G. NH 4I-promoted electrosynthesis of 2-aminothiazole derivatives from ketone compounds and NH 4SCN. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:12188-12191. [PMID: 37750688 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc03547f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
A novel and efficient electrochemical synthesis of 2-aminothiazole derivatives from ketones and NH4SCN is described. Under the co-action of NH3 and iodine free radicals or iodine (I2) electrochemically generated in situ, the target product 2-aminothiazole derivatives could be successfully obtained in good to excellent yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaowei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China.
| | - Gaoqing Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China.
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7
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Wang L, Paudel BB, McKnight RA, Janes KA. Nucleocytoplasmic transport of active HER2 causes fractional escape from the DCIS-like state. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2110. [PMID: 37055441 PMCID: PMC10102026 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37914-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Activation of HER2/ErbB2 coincides with escape from ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) premalignancy and disrupts 3D organization of cultured breast-epithelial spheroids. The 3D phenotype is infrequent, however, and mechanisms for its incomplete penetrance have been elusive. Using inducible HER2/ErbB2-EGFR/ErbB1 heterodimers, we match phenotype penetrance to the frequency of co-occurring transcriptomic changes and uncover a reconfiguration in the karyopherin network regulating ErbB nucleocytoplasmic transport. Induction of the exportin CSE1L inhibits nuclear accumulation of ErbBs, whereas nuclear ErbBs silence the importin KPNA1 by inducing miR-205. When these negative feedbacks are incorporated into a validated systems model of nucleocytoplasmic transport, steady-state localization of ErbB cargo becomes ultrasensitive to initial CSE1L abundance. Erbb2-driven carcinomas with Cse1l deficiency outgrow less irregularly from mammary ducts, and NLS-attenuating mutants or variants of HER2 favor escape in 3D culture. We conclude here that adaptive nucleocytoplasmic relocalization of HER2 creates a systems-level molecular switch at the premalignant-to-malignant transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixin Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - B Bishal Paudel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - R Anthony McKnight
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Olympus Veran Technologies, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Kevin A Janes
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
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Zhao X, Richardson DR. The role of the NDRG1 in the pathogenesis and treatment of breast cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:188871. [PMID: 36841367 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.188871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the leading cause of cancer death in women. This disease is heterogeneous, with clinical subtypes being estrogen receptor-α (ER-α) positive, having human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) overexpression, or being triple-negative for ER-α, progesterone receptor, and HER2 (TNBC). The ER-α positive and HER2 overexpressing tumors can be treated with agents targeting these proteins, including tamoxifen and pertuzumab, respectively. Despite these treatments, resistance and metastasis are problematic, while TNBC is challenging to treat due to the lack of suitable targets. Many studies examining BC and other tumors indicate a role for N-myc downstream-regulated gene-1 (NDRG1) as a metastasis suppressor. The ability of NDRG1 to inhibit metastasis is due, in part, to the inhibition of the initial step in metastasis, namely the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Paradoxically, there are also reports of NDRG1 playing a pro-oncogenic role in BC pathogenesis. The oncogenic effects of NDRG1 in BC have been reported to relate to lipid metabolism or the mTOR signaling pathway. The molecular mechanism(s) of how NDRG1 regulates the activity of multiple signaling pathways remains unclear. Therapeutic strategies that up-regulate NDRG1 have been developed and include agents of the di-2-pyridylketone thiosemicarbazone class. These compounds target oncogenic drivers in BC cells, suppressing the expression of multiple key hormone receptors including ER-α, progesterone receptor, androgen receptor, and prolactin receptor, and can also overcome tamoxifen resistance. Considering the varying role of NDRG1 in BC pathogenesis, further studies are required to examine what subset of BC patients would benefit from pharmacopeia that up-regulate NDRG1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zhao
- Centre for Cancer Cell Biology and Drug Discovery, Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, Brisbane, Queensland 4111, Australia
| | - Des R Richardson
- Centre for Cancer Cell Biology and Drug Discovery, Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, Brisbane, Queensland 4111, Australia; Department of Pathology and Biological Responses, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan.
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Padmanabhan RA, Zyju DP, Subramaniam AG, Nautiyal J, Laloraya M. Son of sevenless 1 (SOS1), the RasGEF, interacts with ERα and STAT3 during embryo implantation. J Mol Endocrinol 2023; 70:e220089. [PMID: 36103132 DOI: 10.1530/jme-22-0089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Estrogen accounts for several biological processes in the body; embryo implantation and pregnancy being one of the vital events. This manuscript aims to unearth the nuclear role of Son of sevenless1 (SOS1), its interaction with estrogen receptor alpha (ERα), and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) in the uterine nucleus during embryo implantation. SOS1, a critical cytoplasmic linker between receptor tyrosine kinase and rat sarcoma virus signaling, translocates into the nucleus via its bipartite nuclear localization signal (NLS) during the 'window of implantation' in pregnant mice. SOS1 associates with chromatin, interacts with histones, and shows intrinsic histone acetyltransferase (HAT) activity specifically acetylating lysine 16 (K16) residue of histone H4. SOS1 is a coactivator of STAT3 and a co-repressor of ERα. SOS1 creates a partial mesenchymal-epithelial transition by acting as a transcriptional modulator. Finally, our phylogenetic tree reveals that the two bipartite NLS surface in reptiles and the second acetyl coenzymeA (CoA) (RDNGPG) important for HAT activity emerges in mammals. Thus, SOS1 has evolved into a moonlighting protein, the special class of multi-tasking proteins, by virtue of its newly identified nuclear functions in addition to its previously known cytoplasmic function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renjini A Padmanabhan
- Female Reproduction and Metabolic Syndromes Laboratory, Division of Molecular Reproduction, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Poojappura, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Damodaranpillai P Zyju
- Female Reproduction and Metabolic Syndromes Laboratory, Division of Molecular Reproduction, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Poojappura, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Anand G Subramaniam
- Female Reproduction and Metabolic Syndromes Laboratory, Division of Molecular Reproduction, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Poojappura, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Jaya Nautiyal
- Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Malini Laloraya
- Female Reproduction and Metabolic Syndromes Laboratory, Division of Molecular Reproduction, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Poojappura, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
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10
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Herceg S, Janoštiak R. Diagnostic and Prognostic Profiling of Nucleocytoplasmic Shuttling Genes in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Folia Biol (Praha) 2023; 69:133-148. [PMID: 38410971 DOI: 10.14712/fb2023069040133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
One of the key features of eukaryotic cells is the separation of nuclear and cytoplasmic compartments by a double-layer nuclear envelope. This separation is crucial for timely regulation of gene expression, mRNA biogenesis, cell cycle, and differentiation. Since transcription takes place in the nucleus and the major part of translation in the cytoplasm, proper distribution of biomolecules between these two compartments is ensured by nucleocytoplasmic shuttling proteins - karyopherins. Karyopherins transport biomolecules through nuclear pores bidirectionally in collaboration with Ran GTPases and utilize GTP as the source of energy. Different karyopherins transport different cargo molecules that play important roles in the regulation of cell physiology. In cancer cells, this nucleocytoplasmic transport is significantly dysregulated to support increased demands for the import of cell cycle-promoting biomolecules and export of cell cycle inhibitors and mRNAs. Here, we analysed genomic, transcriptomic and proteomic data from published datasets to comprehensively profile karyopherin genes in hepatocellular carcinoma. We have found out that expression of multiple karyopherin genes is increased in hepatocellular carcinoma in comparison to the normal liver, with importin subunit α-1, exportin 2, importin subunit β-1 and importin 9 being the most over-expressed. More-over, we have found that increased expression of these genes is associated with higher neoplasm grade as well as significantly worse overall survival of liver cancer patients. Taken together, our bioinformatic data-mining analysis provides a comprehensive geno-mic and transcriptomic landscape of karyopherins in hepatocellular carcinoma and identifies potential members that could be targeted in order to develop new treatment regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Herceg
- BIOCEV - First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Radoslav Janoštiak
- BIOCEV - First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.
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11
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Dai S, Venturini E, Yadav S, Lin X, Clapp D, Steckiewicz M, Gocher-Demske AM, Hardie DG, Edelman AM. Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase 2 mediates pleiotropic effects of epidermal growth factor in cancer cells. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2022; 1869:119252. [PMID: 35271909 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2022.119252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Engagement of epidermal growth factor (EGF) with its receptor (EGFR) produces a broad range of cancer phenotypes. The overriding aim of this study was to understand EGFR signaling and its regulation by the Ca2+/calmodulin (CaM) dependent protein kinase kinase 2 (CaMKK2) in cancer cells. RESULTS In ovarian cancer cells and other cancer cell types, EGF-induced activation of oncogenic Akt is mediated by both the canonical PI3K-PDK1 pathway and by CaMKK2. Akt activation induced by EGF occurs by both calcium-dependent and calcium-independent mechanisms. In contrast to the canonical pathway, CaMKK2 neither binds to, nor is regulated by phosphoinositides but is activated by Ca2+/CaM. Akt activation at its primary activation site, T308 occurs by direct phosphorylation by CaMKK2, but activation at its secondary site (S473), is through an indirect mechanism requiring mTORC2. In cells in which another CaMKK2 target, 5'AMP-dependent protein kinase (AMPK) was deleted, Akt activation and calcium-dependency of activation were still observed. CaMKK2 accumulates in the nucleus in response to EGF and regulates transcription of phosphofructokinase platelet (PFKP) a glycolytic regulator. CaMKK2 is required for optimal PFK activity. CaMKK2 regulates transcription of plasminogen activator, urokinase (PLAU) a metastasis regulator. The EGFR inhibitor gefitinib synergizes with CaMKK2 inhibition in the regulation of cell survival and increases the dose-reduction index. CRISPR/Cas9 knockout of CaMKK2 leads to compensatory PTEN downregulation and upregulation of Akt activation. CONCLUSIONS CaMKK2-mediation of EGFR action may enable cancer cells to use intracellular calcium elevation as a signal for growth and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhang Dai
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14203, United States of America
| | - Elisa Venturini
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14203, United States of America
| | - Saveg Yadav
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14203, United States of America
| | - Xiaoxuan Lin
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14203, United States of America
| | - Dylan Clapp
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14203, United States of America
| | - Martin Steckiewicz
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14203, United States of America
| | - Angela M Gocher-Demske
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14203, United States of America; Department of Immunology School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 1521, United States of America
| | - D Grahame Hardie
- Division of Cell Signaling & Immunology, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, Scotland, UK
| | - Arthur M Edelman
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14203, United States of America.
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12
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Du W, Zhang L, Li X, Ling G, Zhang P. Nuclear targeting Subcellular-delivery nanosystems for precise cancer treatment. Int J Pharm 2022; 619:121735. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.121735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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13
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Kim JH, Choi HS, Lee DS. Primaquine Inhibits the Endosomal Trafficking and Nuclear Localization of EGFR and Induces the Apoptosis of Breast Cancer Cells by Nuclear EGFR/Stat3-Mediated c-Myc Downregulation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222312961. [PMID: 34884765 PMCID: PMC8657416 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells overexpress the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Nuclear EGFR (nEGFR) drives resistance to anti-EGFR therapy and is correlated with poor survival in breast cancer. Inhibition of EGFR nuclear translocation may be a reasonable approach for the treatment of TNBC. The anti-malarial drugs chloroquine and primaquine have been shown to promote an anticancer effect. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect and mechanism of chloroquine- and primaquine-induced apoptosis of breast cancer cells. We showed that primaquine, a malaria drug, inhibits the growth, migration, and colony formation of breast cancer cells in vitro, and inhibits tumor growth in vivo. Primaquine induces damage to early endosomes and inhibits the nuclear translocation of EGFR. Primaquine inhibits the interaction of Stat3 and nEGFR and reduces the transcript and protein levels of c-Myc. Moreover, primaquine and chloroquine induce the apoptosis of breast cancer cells through c-Myc/Bcl-2 downregulation, induce early endosome damage and reduce nEGFR levels, and induce apoptosis in breast cancer through nEGFR/Stat3-dependent c-Myc downregulation. Our study of primaquine and chloroquine provides a rationale for targeting EGFR signaling components in the treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hyang Kim
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Advanced Convergence Technology & Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea;
- Practical Translational Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea
| | - Hack-Sun Choi
- Subtropical/Tropical Organism Gene Bank, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea;
- Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Sciences, Jeju National University, SARI, Jeju 63243, Korea
- Bio-Health Materials Core-Facility Center, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea
| | - Dong-Sun Lee
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Advanced Convergence Technology & Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea;
- Practical Translational Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea
- Subtropical/Tropical Organism Gene Bank, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea;
- Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Sciences, Jeju National University, SARI, Jeju 63243, Korea
- Bio-Health Materials Core-Facility Center, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea
- Correspondence:
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14
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Wang LL, Luo J, He ZH, Liu YQ, Li HG, Xie D, Cai MY. STEAP3 promotes cancer cell proliferation by facilitating nuclear trafficking of EGFR to enhance RAC1-ERK-STAT3 signaling in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:1052. [PMID: 34741044 PMCID: PMC8571373 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-04329-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
STEAP3 (Six-transmembrane epithelial antigen of the prostate 3, TSAP6, dudulin-2) has been reported to be involved in tumor progression in human malignancies. Nevertheless, how it participates in the progression of human cancers, especially HCC, is still unknown. In the present study, we found that STEAP3 was aberrantly overexpressed in the nuclei of HCC cells. In a large cohort of clinical HCC tissues, high expression level of nuclear STEAP3 was positively associated with tumor differentiation and poor prognosis (p < 0.001), and it was an independent prognostic factor for HCC patients. In HCC cell lines, nuclear expression of STEAP3 significantly promoted HCC cells proliferation by promoting stemness phenotype and cell cycle progression via RAC1-ERK-STAT3 and RAC1-JNK-STAT6 signaling axes. Through upregulating the expression and nuclear trafficking of EGFR, STEAP3 participated in regulating EGFR-mediated STAT3 transactivity in a manner of positive feedback. In summary, our findings support that nuclear expression of STEAP3 plays a critical oncogenic role in the progression of HCC via modulation on EGFR and intracellular signaling, and it could be a candidate for prognostic marker and therapeutic target in HCC.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/genetics
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology
- Cell Cycle/genetics
- Cell Cycle Proteins/metabolism
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Nucleus/metabolism
- Cell Proliferation
- Disease Progression
- ErbB Receptors/metabolism
- Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases/metabolism
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- Liver Neoplasms/genetics
- Liver Neoplasms/metabolism
- Liver Neoplasms/pathology
- MAP Kinase Signaling System
- Male
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Nude
- Middle Aged
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/metabolism
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/pathology
- Oxidoreductases/metabolism
- Phosphorylation
- Prognosis
- Protein Transport
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- STAT3 Transcription Factor/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Spheroids, Cellular/metabolism
- Spheroids, Cellular/pathology
- Treatment Outcome
- rac1 GTP-Binding Protein/metabolism
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jie Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhang-Hai He
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ye-Qing Liu
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hai-Gang Li
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Dan Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Mu-Yan Cai
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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15
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Park JE, Hong MJ, Lee SY, Lee JH, Choi JE, Kang HG, Do SK, Jeong JY, Shin KM, Lee WK, Choi SH, Lee YH, Seo HW, Yoo SS, Lee J, Cha SI, Kim CH, Park JY. Nuclear Pore Glycoprotein 62 Genetic Variant rs9523 is Associated with Clinical Outcomes of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Lung Adenocarcinoma Patients. PHARMACOGENOMICS & PERSONALIZED MEDICINE 2021; 14:1291-1302. [PMID: 34629889 PMCID: PMC8493114 DOI: 10.2147/pgpm.s329055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have represented the prototype of targeted therapy in NSCLC. Patients with EGFR-mutant lung adenocarcinoma extract an extraordinary clinical benefit from EGFR-TKIs. However, the extent and duration of these responses are heterogeneous, suggesting the existence of genetic modifiers affecting an individual’s response to TKIs. We investigated whether genetic variants in miRNA binding sites are associated with the clinical outcome of EGFR-TKIs in lung adenocarcinoma patients. Methods One hundred SNPs at miRNA binding sites in cancer-related genes were selected for the analysis using the crosslinking, ligation and sequencing of hybrids (CLASH) and CancerGenes database. qRT-PCR and luciferase assays were conducted to evaluate the functional relevance of the SNPs. Results NUP62 rs9523A>G were significantly associated with worse response to EGFR-TKIs, overall survival (OS), and progression-free survival (PFS). The other three SNPs (DVL2 rs2074216G>A, ARF1 rs11541557G>T, and UHRF1 rs2261988C>A) were significantly associated with worse OS and PFS. The rs9523A>G was significantly associated with decreased NUP62 expression in tumor tissues. In addition, a significantly decreased luciferase activity was noted in NUP62 rs9523 G allele compared to A allele. Conclusion Genetic variants in miRNA binding sites, especially NUP62 rs9523A>G, may be useful in predicting the clinical outcomes of EGFR-mutant lung adenocarcinoma patients treated with EGFR-TKIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Eun Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Jeong Hong
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.,Cell and Matrix Research Institute, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Shin Yup Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.,BK21 Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program, Department of Biomedical Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jang Hyuck Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.,BK21 Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program, Department of Biomedical Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Eun Choi
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.,Cell and Matrix Research Institute, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Gyoung Kang
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.,Cell and Matrix Research Institute, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Sook Kyung Do
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.,Cell and Matrix Research Institute, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Yun Jeong
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Min Shin
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Kee Lee
- Department of Medical Informatics, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Ha Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Hoon Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Won Seo
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Soo Yoo
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehee Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Ick Cha
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Ho Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Yong Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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16
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Singhal SS, Srivastava S, Mirzapoiazova T, Horne D, Awasthi S, Salgia R. Targeting the mercapturic acid pathway for the treatment of melanoma. Cancer Lett 2021; 518:10-22. [PMID: 34126193 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The treatment of metastatic melanoma is greatly hampered by the simultaneous dysregulation of several major signaling pathways that suppress apoptosis and promote its growth and invasion. The global resistance of melanomas to therapeutics is also supported by a highly active mercapturic acid pathway (MAP), which is responsible for the metabolism and excretion of numerous chemotherapy agents. The relative importance of the MAP in melanoma survival was not recognized until demonstrated that B16 melanoma undergoes dramatic apoptosis and regression upon the depletion or inhibition of the MAP transporter protein RLIP. RLIP is a multi-functional protein that couples ATP hydrolysis with the movement of substances. As the rate-limiting step of the MAP, the primary function of RLIP in the plasma membrane is to catalyze the ATP-dependent efflux of unmetabolized drugs and toxins, including glutathione (GSH) conjugates of electrophilic toxins (GS-Es), which are the precursors of mercapturic acids. Clathrin-dependent endocytosis (CDE) is an essential mechanism for internalizing ligand-receptor complexes that promote tumor cell proliferation through autocrine stimulation (Wnt5a, PDGF, βFGF, TNFα) or paracrine stimulation by hormones produced by fibroblasts (IGF1, HGF) or inflammatory cells (IL8). Aberrant functioning of these pathways appears critical for melanoma cell invasion, metastasis, and evasion of apoptosis. This review focuses on the selective depletion or inhibition of RLIP as a highly effective targeted therapy for melanoma that could cause the simultaneous disruption of the MAP and critical peptide hormone signaling that relies on CDE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharad S Singhal
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center and National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA.
| | - Saumya Srivastava
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center and National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Tamara Mirzapoiazova
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center and National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - David Horne
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center and National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Sanjay Awasthi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology & Oncology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, 79430, USA
| | - Ravi Salgia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center and National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
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17
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Liu W, Mirzoeva S, Yuan Y, Deng J, Chen S, Lai B, Vogt S, Shah K, Shroff R, Bleher R, Jin Q, Vo N, Bazak R, Ritner C, Gutionov S, Raha S, Sedlmair J, Hirschmugl C, Jacobsen C, Paunesku T, Kalapurkal J, Woloschak GE. Development of Fe3O4 core–TiO2 shell nanocomposites and nanoconjugates as a foundation for neuroblastoma radiosensitization. Cancer Nanotechnol 2021; 12:12. [PMID: 34777621 PMCID: PMC8550682 DOI: 10.1186/s12645-021-00081-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial solid malignancy in childhood which, despite the current progress in radiotherapy and chemotherapy protocols, still has a high mortality rate in high risk tumors. Nanomedicine offers exciting and unexploited opportunities to overcome the shortcomings of conventional medicine. The photocatalytic properties of Fe3O4 core-TiO2 shell nanocomposites and their potential for cell specific targeting suggest that nanoconstructs produced using Fe3O4 core-TiO2 shell nanocomposites could be used to enhance radiation effects in neuroblastoma. In this study, we evaluated bare, metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) and 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) coated Fe3O4@TiO2 as potential radiosensitizers for neuroblastoma in vitro.
Results
The uptake of bare and MIBG coated nanocomposites modestly sensitized neuroblastoma cells to ionizing radiation. Conversely, cells exposed to DOPAC coated nanocomposites exhibited a five-fold enhanced sensitivity to radiation, increased numbers of radiation induced DNA double-strand breaks, and apoptotic cell death. The addition of a peptide mimic of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) to nanoconjugates coated with MIBG altered their intracellular distribution. Cryo X-ray fluorescence microscopy tomography of frozen hydrated cells treated with these nanoconjugates revealed cytoplasmic as well as nuclear distribution of the nanoconstructs.
Conclusions
The intracellular distribution pattern of different nanoconjugates used in this study was different for different nanoconjugate surface molecules. Cells exposed to DOPAC covered nanoconjugates showed the smallest nanoconjugate uptake, with the most prominent pattern of large intracellular aggregates. Interestingly, cells treated with this nanoconjugate also showed the most pronounced radiosensitization effect in combination with the external beam x-ray irradiation. Further studies are necessary to evaluate mechanistic basis for this increased radiosensitization effect. Preliminary studies with the nanoparticles carrying an EGF mimicking peptide showed that this approach to targeting could perhaps be combined with a different approach to radiosensitization – use of nanoconjugates in combination with the radioactive iodine. Much additional work will be necessary in order to evaluate possible benefits of targeted nanoconjugates carrying radionuclides.
Graphic abstract
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18
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Rosenkranz AA, Slastnikova TA. Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor: Key to Selective Intracellular Delivery. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2021; 85:967-1092. [PMID: 33050847 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297920090011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is an integral surface protein mediating cellular response to a number of growth factors. Its overexpression and increased activation due to mutations is one of the most common traits of many types of cancer. Development and clinical use of the agents, which block EGFR activation, became a prime example of the personalized targeted medicine. However, despite the obvious success in this area, cancer cure remains unattainable in most cases. Because of that, as well as the result of the search for possible ways to overcome the difficulties of treatment, a huge number of new treatment methods relying on the use of EGFR overexpression and its changes to destroy cancer cells. Modern data on the structure, functioning, and intracellular transport of EGFR, its natural ligands, as well as signaling cascades triggered by the EGFR activation, peculiarities of the EGFR expression and activation in oncological disorders, as well as applied therapeutic approaches aimed at blocking EGFR signaling pathway are summarized and analyzed in this review. Approaches to the targeted delivery of various chemotherapeutic agents, radionuclides, immunotoxins, photosensitizers, as well as the prospects for gene therapy aimed at cancer cells with EGFR overexpression are reviewed in detail. It should be noted that increasing attention is being paid nowadays to the development of multifunctional systems, either carrying several different active agents, or possessing several environment-dependent transport functions. Potentials of the systems based on receptor-mediated endocytosis of EGFR and their possible advantages and limitations are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Rosenkranz
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119234, Russia. .,Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119334, Russia
| | - T A Slastnikova
- Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119334, Russia
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19
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Suzuki S, Yuan H, Hirata-Tsuchiya S, Yoshida K, Sato A, Nemoto E, Shiba H, Yamada S. DMP-1 promoter-associated antisense strand non-coding RNA, panRNA-DMP-1, physically associates with EGFR to repress EGF-induced squamous cell carcinoma migration. Mol Cell Biochem 2021; 476:1673-1690. [PMID: 33420898 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-020-04046-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that specific non-coding RNAs exist in many types of malignant tissues, and are involved in cancer invasion and metastasis. However, little is known about the precise roles of non-coding RNAs in squamous cell carcinoma (SQCC) invasion and migration. Recently, the dentin matrix protein-1 (DMP-1) gene locus was identified as a transcriptionally active site in squamous cell carcinoma (SQCC) tissue and cells. However, it is unclear whether RNA associated with cell migration exist at the DMP-1 gene locus in SQCC cells. We identified a novel promoter-associated non-coding RNA in the antisense strand of DMP-1 gene locus, promoter-associated non-coding RNA (panRNA)-DMP-1, by the RACE method in SQCC cells and tissues, and characterized the functions of panRNA-DMP-1 in EGF-driven SQCC cell migration. The inhibition of endogenous panRNA-DMP-1 expression by specific siRNAs and exogenous over-expression of panRNA-DMP-1 resulted in increased and suppressed cellular migration toward EGF in SQCC cells, respectively, and nuclear expression of panRNA-DMP-1 was induced by EGF stimulation. Mechanistically, suppression of panRNA-DMP-1 expression increased EGFR nuclear localization upon EGF treatment and nuclear panRNA-DMP-1 physically interacted with EGFR, which was confirmed by RNA immunoprecipitation assay using a bacteriophage-delivered PP7 RNA labeling system. Furthermore, co-immunoprecipitation assay revealed that suppression of panRNA-DMP-1 stabilized EGFR interaction with STAT3, a known co-transcription factors of EGFR, to induce migratory properties in many cancer cells. Based on these findings, panRNA-DMP-1 is an EGFR-associating RNA that inhibits the EGF-induced migratory properties of SQCC possibly by regulating EGFR nuclear localization and EGFR binding to STAT3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeki Suzuki
- Department of Periodontology and Endodontology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan.
- Department of Biological Endodontics, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan.
| | - Hang Yuan
- Department of Periodontology and Endodontology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Shizu Hirata-Tsuchiya
- Department of Biological Endodontics, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - Kazuma Yoshida
- Department of Biological Endodontics, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - Akiko Sato
- Department of Periodontology and Endodontology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Eiji Nemoto
- Department of Periodontology and Endodontology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Hideki Shiba
- Department of Biological Endodontics, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - Satoru Yamada
- Department of Periodontology and Endodontology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan
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20
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Rai A, Das L, Mukherjee KK, Dhandapani S, Tripathi M, Ahuja CK, Radotra BD, Dutta P. Phosphorylated EGFR (pEGFR T693) as a Novel Predictor of Recurrence in Non-Functioning Pituitary Adenomas. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:708111. [PMID: 34295309 PMCID: PMC8289705 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.708111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Non-functioning pituitary adenomas (NFPAs) exhibit high recurrence rates after surgery. However, the determinants of recurrence are inconsistent in the available literature. The present study sought to investigate the association between nuclear phosphorylated EGFR (pEGFR) levels and recurrence of NFPAs. METHODS Tissue microarrays from patients undergoing adenomectomy for NFPAs at our tertiary care center from 2003 to 2015 and having a minimum of 60 months of follow-up (n=102) were accessed. Immunohistochemical analysis (IHC) was performed to determine the expression of nuclear pEGFR T693. h-score was calculated as the product of staining intensity and the number of positively staining cells. Radiological surveillance (MRI) was performed to categorize NFPAs as recurrent or non-recurrent on follow-up. RESULTS The mean age of the cohort was 50 ± 11 years with a male preponderance (61.1%). Recurrence was observed in 46.1% of the patients at a median of 123 months (IQR 72-159) of follow-up. pEGFR T693 positivity was higher in a significantly greater number of recurrent NFPAs as compared to non-recurrent NFPAs (95.7% vs 81%, p=0.02). h-scores were also significantly higher in recurrent NFPAs (122.1 ± 6 vs 81.54 ± 3.3, p<0.0001). pEGFR T693 positivity significantly predicted recurrence in NFPAs (HR=4.9, CI 2.8-8.8, p<0.0001). ROC analysis revealed an h-score cutoff of 89.8 as being associated significantly with recurrence (sensitivity 80%, specificity 78%, AUC 0.84, p<0.0001). CONCLUSION pEGFR T693 was expressed in significantly higher number of recurrent NFPAs. The h-scores were also higher in recurrent NFPAs. Nuclear pEGFR T693 may serve as a predictor of recurrence in NFPAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashutosh Rai
- Department of Endocrinology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Liza Das
- Department of Endocrinology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Kanchan K. Mukherjee
- Department of Neurosurgery, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Sivashanmugam Dhandapani
- Department of Neurosurgery, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Manjul Tripathi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Chirag Kamal Ahuja
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Bishan Dass Radotra
- Department of Histopathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Pinaki Dutta
- Department of Endocrinology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
- *Correspondence: Pinaki Dutta,
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21
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Hua G, Bergon A, Cauchy P, Kahn-Perlès B, Bertucci F, Birnbaum D, Benkirane-Jessel N, Imbert J. ERBB2b mRNA isoform encodes a nuclear variant of the ERBB2 oncogene in breast cancer. J Cell Biochem 2020; 121:4870-4886. [PMID: 32628295 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The presence of nuclear ERBB2 receptor-type tyrosine kinase is one of the causes of the resistance to membrane ERBB2-targeted therapy in breast cancers. It has been previously reported that this nuclear location arises through at least two different mechanisms: proteolytic shedding of the extracellular domain of the full-length receptor and translation of the messenger RNA (mRNA)-encoding ERBB2 from internal initiation codons. Here, we report a new mechanism and function where a significant portion of nuclear ERBB2 results from the translation of the variant ERBB2 mRNA under the transcriptional control of a distal promoter that is actively used in breast cancer cells. We show that both membrane ERBB2a and nuclear ERBB2b isoforms are prevalently expressed in breast cancer cell lines and carcinoma samples. The ERBB2b isoform, which is translated from mRNA variant 2, can directly translocate into the nucleus due to the lack of the signal peptide which is required for an intermediate membrane location. Small interfering RNA-mediated gene silencing showed that ERBB2b can repress ERBB2a expression, encoded by variant 1, whereas ERBB2a activates ERBB2b. Nuclear ERBB2 binding to its own promoter was revealed by chromatin immunoprecipitation assay. Altogether, our results provide new insights into the origin and function of nuclear ERBB2 where it can participate at the same time in a positive or a negative feedback autoregulatory loop, dependent on which of its promoters this bona fide transcription factor is acting. They also provide a new understanding for the resistance to therapies targeting the membrane-anchored ERBB2 in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqiang Hua
- INSERM UMR1090 TAGC, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
- INSERM UMR1260, RNM, FMTS, Strasbourg, France
- Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Aurélie Bergon
- INSERM UMR1090 TAGC, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Pierre Cauchy
- INSERM UMR1090 TAGC, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | | | - François Bertucci
- Laboratoire d'Oncologie Prédictive, CRCM, CNRS UMR 7258, INSERM U1068, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Daniel Birnbaum
- Laboratoire d'Oncologie Prédictive, CRCM, CNRS UMR 7258, INSERM U1068, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Nadia Benkirane-Jessel
- INSERM UMR1260, RNM, FMTS, Strasbourg, France
- Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Jean Imbert
- INSERM UMR1090 TAGC, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
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22
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Corbeil D, Santos MF, Karbanová J, Kurth T, Rappa G, Lorico A. Uptake and Fate of Extracellular Membrane Vesicles: Nucleoplasmic Reticulum-Associated Late Endosomes as a New Gate to Intercellular Communication. Cells 2020; 9:cells9091931. [PMID: 32825578 PMCID: PMC7563309 DOI: 10.3390/cells9091931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular membrane vesicles (EVs) are emerging as new vehicles in intercellular communication, but how the biological information contained in EVs is shared between cells remains elusive. Several mechanisms have been described to explain their release from donor cells and the initial step of their uptake by recipient cells, which triggers a cellular response. Yet, the intracellular routes and subcellular fate of EV content upon internalization remain poorly characterized. This is particularly true for EV-associated proteins and nucleic acids that shuttle to the nucleus of host cells. In this review, we will describe and discuss the release of EVs from donor cells, their uptake by recipient cells, and the fate of their cargoes, focusing on a novel intracellular route wherein small GTPase Rab7+ late endosomes containing endocytosed EVs enter into nuclear envelope invaginations and deliver their cargo components to the nucleoplasm of recipient cells. A tripartite protein complex composed of (VAMP)-associated protein A (VAP-A), oxysterol-binding protein (OSBP)-related protein-3 (ORP3), and Rab7 is essential for the transfer of EV-derived components to the nuclear compartment by orchestrating the particular localization of late endosomes in the nucleoplasmic reticulum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis Corbeil
- Biotechnology Center (BIOTEC) and Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering (CMCB), Technische Universität Dresden, Tatzberg 47-49, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (J.K.)
- Correspondence: (D.C.); (A.L.); Tel.: +49-(0)351-463-40118 (D.C.); +1-(702)-777-3942 (A.L.); Fax: +49-(0)351-463-40244 (D.C.); +1-(702)-777-1758 (A.L.)
| | - Mark F. Santos
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Touro University Nevada, 874 American Pacific Drive, Henderson, NV 89014, USA; (M.F.S.); (G.R.)
| | - Jana Karbanová
- Biotechnology Center (BIOTEC) and Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering (CMCB), Technische Universität Dresden, Tatzberg 47-49, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (J.K.)
| | - Thomas Kurth
- Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden and CMCB, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 105, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (T.K.)
| | - Germana Rappa
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Touro University Nevada, 874 American Pacific Drive, Henderson, NV 89014, USA; (M.F.S.); (G.R.)
| | - Aurelio Lorico
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Touro University Nevada, 874 American Pacific Drive, Henderson, NV 89014, USA; (M.F.S.); (G.R.)
- Mediterranean Institute of Oncology, Via Penninazzo, 11, 95029 Viagrande, Italy
- Correspondence: (D.C.); (A.L.); Tel.: +49-(0)351-463-40118 (D.C.); +1-(702)-777-3942 (A.L.); Fax: +49-(0)351-463-40244 (D.C.); +1-(702)-777-1758 (A.L.)
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23
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Chen MK, Hsu JL, Hung MC. Nuclear receptor tyrosine kinase transport and functions in cancer. Adv Cancer Res 2020; 147:59-107. [PMID: 32593407 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2020.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Signaling functions of plasma membrane-localized receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) have been extensively studied after they were first described in the mid-1980s. Plasma membrane RTKs are activated by extracellular ligands and cellular stress stimuli, and regulate cellular responses by activating the downstream effector proteins to initiate a wide range of signaling cascades in the cells. However, increasing evidence indicates that RTKs can also be transported into the intracellular compartments where they phosphorylate traditional effector proteins and non-canonical substrate proteins. In general, internalization that retains the RTK's transmembrane domain begins with endocytosis, and endosomal RTK remains active before being recycled or degraded. Further RTK retrograde transport from endosome-Golgi-ER to the nucleus is primarily dependent on membranes vesicles and relies on the interaction with the COP-I vesicle complex, Sec61 translocon complex, and importin. Internalized RTKs have non-canonical substrates that include transcriptional co-factors and DNA damage response proteins, and many nuclear RTKs harbor oncogenic properties and can enhance cancer progression. Indeed, nuclear-localized RTKs have been shown to positively correlate with cancer recurrence, therapeutic resistance, and poor prognosis of cancer patients. Therefore, understanding the functions of nuclear RTKs and the mechanisms of nuclear RTK transport will further improve our knowledge to evaluate the potential of targeting nuclear RTKs or the proteins involved in their transport as new cancer therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Kuang Chen
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Jennifer L Hsu
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Mien-Chie Hung
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Research Center for Cancer Biology, and Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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24
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Karyagina TS, Ulasov AV, Rosenkranz AA, Slastnikova TA, Khramtsov YV, Lupanova TN, Georgiev GP, Sobolev AS. New Recombinant Carriers Binding Specifically to the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor. DOKL BIOCHEM BIOPHYS 2020; 490:22-24. [PMID: 32342307 DOI: 10.1134/s1607672920010081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
New recombinant carriers-modular nanotransporters (MNTs)-with N-terminal ligand module to the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) were developed and characterized. Human epidermal growth factor (hEGF) and antibody-like protein Z1907 were used as a ligand module. We demonstrated that MNTs are able to internalize in a receptor-specific manner into the target cancer cells and to accumulate in the target cell nuclei. Conjugation of MNTs with the Auger electron emitter 111In significantly enhanced the cytotoxic effect of 111In on the target cells. It was found that the transfer of EGF from the C-terminus to the N-terminus of the MNT enhanced the proliferation of target cells, whereas the use of Z1907 did not have a similar effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- T S Karyagina
- Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - A V Ulasov
- Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - A A Rosenkranz
- Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.,Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - T A Slastnikova
- Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Y V Khramtsov
- Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - T N Lupanova
- Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - G P Georgiev
- Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - A S Sobolev
- Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia. .,Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
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25
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Delivery systems exploiting natural cell transport processes of macromolecules for intracellular targeting of Auger electron emitters. Nucl Med Biol 2019; 80-81:45-56. [PMID: 31810828 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2019.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The presence of Auger electrons (AE) among the decay products of a number of radionuclides makes these radionuclides an attractive means for treating cancer because these short-range electrons can cause significant damage in the immediate vicinity of the decomposition site. Moreover, the extreme locality of the effect provides a potential for selective eradication of cancer cells with minimal damage to adjacent normal cells provided that the delivery of the AE emitter to the most vulnerable parts of the cell can be achieved. Few cellular compartments have been regarded as the desired target site for AE emitters, with the cell nucleus generally recognized as the preferred site for AE decay due to the extreme sensitivity of nuclear DNA to direct damage by radiation of high linear energy transfer. Thus, the advantages of AE emitters for cancer therapy are most likely to be realized by their selective delivery into the nucleus of the malignant cells. To achieve this goal, delivery systems must combine a challenging complex of properties that not only provide cancer cell preferential recognition but also cell entry followed by transport into the cell nucleus. A promising strategy for achieving this is the recruitment of natural cell transport processes of macromolecules, involved in each of the aforementioned steps. To date, a number of constructs exploiting intracellular transport systems have been proposed for AE emitter delivery to the nucleus of a targeted cell. An example of such a multifunctional vehicle that provides smart step-by-step delivery is the so-called modular nanotransporter, which accomplishes selective recognition, binding, internalization, and endosomal escape followed by nuclear import of the delivered radionuclide. The current review will focus on delivery systems utilizing various intracellular transport pathways and their combinations in order to provide efficient targeting of AE to the cancer cell nucleus.
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26
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The NAE Pathway: Autobahn to the Nucleus for Cell Surface Receptors. Cells 2019; 8:cells8080915. [PMID: 31426451 PMCID: PMC6721735 DOI: 10.3390/cells8080915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Various growth factors and full-length cell surface receptors such as EGFR are translocated from the cell surface to the nucleoplasm, baffling cell biologists to the mechanisms and functions of this process. Elevated levels of nuclear EGFR correlate with poor prognosis in various cancers. In recent years, nuclear EGFR has been implicated in regulating gene transcription, cell proliferation and DNA damage repair. Different models have been proposed to explain how the receptors are transported into the nucleus. However, a clear consensus has yet to be reached. Recently, we described the nuclear envelope associated endosomes (NAE) pathway, which delivers EGFR from the cell surface to the nucleus. This pathway involves transport, docking and fusion of NAEs with the outer membrane of the nuclear envelope. EGFR is then presumed to be transported through the nuclear pore complex, extracted from membranes and solubilised. The SUN1/2 nuclear envelope proteins, Importin-beta, nuclear pore complex proteins and the Sec61 translocon have been implicated in the process. While this framework can explain the cell surface to nucleus traffic of EGFR and other cell surface receptors, it raises several questions that we consider in this review, together with implications for health and disease.
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27
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Chen MK, Du Y, Sun L, Hsu JL, Wang YH, Gao Y, Huang J, Hung MC. H 2O 2 induces nuclear transport of the receptor tyrosine kinase c-MET in breast cancer cells via a membrane-bound retrograde trafficking mechanism. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:8516-8528. [PMID: 30962283 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.005953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are cellular by-products produced from metabolism and also anticancer agents, such as ionizing irradiation and chemotherapy drugs. The ROS H2O2 has high rates of production in cancer cells because of their rapid proliferation. ROS oxidize DNA, protein, and lipids, causing oxidative stress in cancer cells and making them vulnerable to other stresses. Therefore, cancer cell survival relies on maintaining ROS-induced stress at tolerable levels. Hepatocyte growth factor receptor (c-MET) is a receptor tyrosine kinase overexpressed in malignant cancer types, including breast cancer. Full-length c-MET triggers a signal transduction cascade from the plasma membrane that, through downstream signaling proteins, up-regulates cell proliferation and migration. Recently, c-MET was shown to interact and phosphorylate poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 in the nucleus and to induce poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor resistance. However, it remains unclear how c-MET moves from the cell membrane to the nucleus. Here, we demonstrate that H2O2 induces retrograde transport of membrane-associated full-length c-MET into the nucleus of human MCF10A and MCF12A or primary breast cancer cells. We further show that knocking down either coatomer protein complex subunit γ1 (COPG1) or Sec61 translocon β subunit (SEC61β) attenuates the accumulation of full-length nuclear c-MET. However, a c-MET kinase inhibitor did not block nuclear c-MET transport. Moreover, nuclear c-MET interacted with KU proteins in breast cancer cells, suggesting a role of full-length nuclear c-MET in ROS-induced DNA damage repair. We conclude that a membrane-bound retrograde vesicle transport mechanism facilitates membrane-to-nucleus transport of c-MET in breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Kuang Chen
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030; Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Yi Du
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Linlin Sun
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumor Microenvironment, Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Jennifer L Hsu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Yu-Han Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Yuan Gao
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030; Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jiaxing Huang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030; Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Mien-Chie Hung
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030; Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; Center of Molecular Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan.
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28
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Little AC, Hristova M, van Lith L, Schiffers C, Dustin CM, Habibovic A, Danyal K, Heppner DE, Lin MCJ, van der Velden J, Janssen-Heininger YM, van der Vliet A. Dysregulated Redox Regulation Contributes to Nuclear EGFR Localization and Pathogenicity in Lung Cancer. Sci Rep 2019; 9:4844. [PMID: 30890751 PMCID: PMC6425021 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-41395-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancers are frequently characterized by inappropriate activation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-dependent signaling and epigenetic silencing of the NADPH oxidase (NOX) enzyme DUOX1, both potentially contributing to worse prognosis. Based on previous findings linking DUOX1 with redox-dependent EGFR activation, the present studies were designed to evaluate whether DUOX1 silencing in lung cancers may be responsible for altered EGFR regulation. In contrast to normal epithelial cells, EGF stimulation of lung cancer cell lines that lack DUOX1 promotes EGF-induced EGFR internalization and nuclear localization, associated with induction of EGFR-regulated genes and related tumorigenic outcomes. Each of these outcomes could be reversed by overexpression of DUOX1 or enhanced by shRNA-dependent DUOX1 silencing. EGF-induced nuclear EGFR localization in DUOX1-deficient lung cancer cells was associated with altered dynamics of cysteine oxidation of EGFR, and an overall reduction of EGFR cysteines. These various outcomes could also be attenuated by silencing of glutathione S-transferase P1 (GSTP1), a mediator of metabolic alterations and drug resistance in various cancers, and a regulator of cysteine oxidation. Collectively, our findings indicate DUOX1 deficiency in lung cancers promotes dysregulated EGFR signaling and enhanced GSTP1-mediated turnover of EGFR cysteine oxidation, which result in enhanced nuclear EGFR localization and tumorigenic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew C Little
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Robert Larner, M.D. College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA.,Rogel Cancer Center, Department of Internal Medicine Hematology-Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Milena Hristova
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Robert Larner, M.D. College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
| | - Loes van Lith
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Robert Larner, M.D. College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
| | - Caspar Schiffers
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Robert Larner, M.D. College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
| | - Christopher M Dustin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Robert Larner, M.D. College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
| | - Aida Habibovic
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Robert Larner, M.D. College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
| | - Karamatullah Danyal
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Robert Larner, M.D. College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
| | - David E Heppner
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Robert Larner, M.D. College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA.,Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA. Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Miao-Chong J Lin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Robert Larner, M.D. College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
| | - Jos van der Velden
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Robert Larner, M.D. College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
| | - Yvonne M Janssen-Heininger
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Robert Larner, M.D. College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
| | - Albert van der Vliet
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Robert Larner, M.D. College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA.
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29
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Yan G, Saeed MEM, Foersch S, Schneider J, Roth W, Efferth T. Relationship between EGFR expression and subcellular localization with cancer development and clinical outcome. Oncotarget 2019; 10:1918-1931. [PMID: 30956774 PMCID: PMC6443015 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.26727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) as a prevalent oncogene regulates proliferation, apoptosis and differentiation and thereby contributes to carcinogenesis. Even though, the documentation on its clinical relevance is surprisingly heterogeneous in the scientific literature. Here, we systematically investigated the correlation of mRNA to survival time and pathological parameters by analyzing 30 datasets in silico. Furthermore, the prognostic value of membrane-bound, cytoplasmic (mcEGFR) and nuclear expression (nEGFR) of EGFR was experimentally analyzed by immunohistochemical staining of 502 biopsies from 27 tumor types. We found that protein expression of EGFR showed better prognostic efficiency compared to mRNA, and that mcEGFR expression was positively correlated with nEGFR expression (p < 0.001). Unexpectedly, both mcEGFR and nEGFR expression were associated with low T stage (p < 0.001 and p = 0.004; respectively). Moreover, positive mcEGFR was significantly related to high differentiation (p = 0.027). No significant correlation was found with any other pathological parameters. Collectively, our results imply that the oncogenic function of EGFR may be more related to nascent stages of carcinogenesis than to advanced and progressive tumors, which may as well explain at least partially the occurrence of secondary resistance against EGFR-directed therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Yan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Mohamed E M Saeed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Jose Schneider
- Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Móstoles, Spain
| | - Wilfried Roth
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Thomas Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
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30
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Yang J, Guo Y, Lu C, Zhang R, Wang Y, Luo L, Zhang Y, Chu CH, Wang KJ, Obbad S, Yan W, Li X. Inhibition of Karyopherin beta 1 suppresses prostate cancer growth. Oncogene 2019; 38:4700-4714. [PMID: 30742095 PMCID: PMC6565446 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-019-0745-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) initiation and progression requires activation of numerous oncogenic signaling pathways. Nuclear-cytoplasmic transport of oncogenic factors is mediated by Karyopherin proteins during cell transformation. However, the role of nuclear transporter proteins in PCa progression has not been well defined. Here, we report that the KPNB1, a key member of Karyopherin beta subunits, is highly expressed in advanced prostate cancers. Further study showed that targeting KPNB1 suppressed the proliferation of prostate cancer cells. The knockdown of KPNB1 reduced nuclear translocation of c-Myc, the expression of downstream cell cycle modulators, and phosphorylation of regulator of chromatin condensation 1 (RCC1), a key protein for spindle assembly during mitosis. Meanwhile, CHIP assay demonstrated the binding of c-Myc to KPNB1 promoter region, which indicated a positive feedback regulation of KPNB1 expression mediated by the c-Myc. In addition, NF-κB subunit p50 translocation to nuclei was blocked by KPNB1 inhibition, which led to an increase in apoptosis and a decrease in tumor sphere formation of PCa cells. Furthermore, subcutaneous xenograft tumor models with a stable knockdown of KPNB1 in C42B PCa cells validated that the inhibition of KPNB1 could suppress the growth of prostate tumor in vivo. Moreover, the intravenously administration of importazole, a specific inhibitor for KPNB1, effectively reduced PCa tumor size and weight in mice inoculated with PC3 PCa cells. In summary, our data established the functional link between KPNB1 and PCa prone c-Myc, NF-kB, and cell cycle modulators. More importantly, inhibition of KPNB1 could be a new therapeutic target for PCa treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Yang
- Department of Basic Science and Craniofacial Biology, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY, 10010, USA
| | - Yuqi Guo
- Department of Basic Science and Craniofacial Biology, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY, 10010, USA
| | - Cuijie Lu
- Department of Basic Science and Craniofacial Biology, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY, 10010, USA
| | - Ruohan Zhang
- Department of Basic Science and Craniofacial Biology, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY, 10010, USA
| | - Yaoyu Wang
- Department of Basic Science and Craniofacial Biology, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY, 10010, USA
| | - Liang Luo
- Department of Basic Science and Craniofacial Biology, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY, 10010, USA
| | - Yanli Zhang
- Department of Basic Science and Craniofacial Biology, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY, 10010, USA
| | - Catherine H Chu
- Department of Basic Science and Craniofacial Biology, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY, 10010, USA
| | - Katherine J Wang
- Department of Basic Science and Craniofacial Biology, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY, 10010, USA
| | - Sabrine Obbad
- Department of Basic Science and Craniofacial Biology, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY, 10010, USA
| | - Wenbo Yan
- Department of Basic Science and Craniofacial Biology, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY, 10010, USA
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Basic Science and Craniofacial Biology, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY, 10010, USA. .,Department of Urology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, 10016, USA. .,Perlmutter Cancer Institute, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, 10016, USA.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The levels of expression and membrane localization of programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1), an immune checkpoint type I transmembrane glycoprotein, are related to the clinical response of anti-PD-L1/PD-1 therapy. Although the biologically relevant localization of PD-L1 is on the plasma membrane of cancer cells, it has also been reported to be in the cytoplasm and sometimes in the nucleus. Furthermore, it has been claimed that chemotherapeutics can modify PD-L1 expression and/or its nuclear localization. RESULTS Data from our group suggest that the nuclear localization of PD-L1, and other plasma membrane proteins as well, could be an artifact resulting from inadequate experimental conditions during immunocytochemical studies. Mild detergent and rigorous fixation conditions should be used in order to preserve the membrane localization and to prevent an erroneous translocation of PD-L1 and other non-interconnected membrane proteins, such as CD24, into other cellular compartments including the nucleus, of untreated and chemotherapeutically treated breast cancer cells. CONCLUSION We propose that well-specified and rigorously followed protocols should be applied to immunocytochemical diagnostic techniques, especially to those related to individualized diagnosis and treatment.
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Yang CC, Lin LC, Lin YW, Tian YF, Lin CY, Sheu MJ, Li CF, Tai MH. Higher nuclear EGFR expression is a better predictor of survival in rectal cancer patients following neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy than cytoplasmic EGFR expression. Oncol Lett 2018; 17:1551-1558. [PMID: 30675212 PMCID: PMC6341901 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.9756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the prognostic value of cytoplasmic (−C) and nuclear epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR-N) expression in rectal cancer patients following neoadjuvant concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT). A total of 172 newly diagnosed rectal cancer patients post-neoadjuvant CCRT and curative surgery, treated between January 1998 to December 2008, were included. Pathological tissues used for evaluation were biopsy specimens obtained prior to CCRT, and specimens collected at surgery. EGFR expression in the nucleus and cytoplasm was assessed by immunohistochemistry tests. An intensity of 3+ EGFR reactivity in the cytoplasm (and/or membrane) of tumor cells was defined as overexpression of EGFR-C. The cutoff percentage of immunoreactive tumor cells for EGFR-N overexpression was 50%. Expression levels of EGFR-C and EGFR-N were further analyzed by clinicopathological features for 5-year survival disease-specific survival (DSS), local recurrence-free survival (LRFS) and metastasis-free survival (MeFS). The results revealed that 20.9 and 23.3% of the cohort had high EGFR-N and EGFR-C expression, respectively. EGFR-N overexpression was significantly associated with advanced pre-treatment tumor stage (T3 and 4; P=0.017) and post-treatment tumor stage (T3 and 4; P<0.001). In univariate analysis, EGFR-N overexpression was significantly associated with poorer DSS (P=0.0005), MeFS (P=0.0182), and LRFS (P=0.0014). Furthermore, it remained an independent prognosticator of worse DSS [P=0.007, hazard ratio (HR)=2.755] and LRFS (P=0.0164, HR=3.026) in multivariate analysis. Overexpression of EGFR-N, and not EGFR-C, may help identify rectal cancer patients who have an increased risk of local recurrence and poor survival following neoadjuvant CCRT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Chieh Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan 71069, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Department of Pharmacy, Chia-Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan 71745, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Li-Ching Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan 71069, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yu-Wei Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan 71069, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yu-Feng Tian
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan 71069, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Department of Health and Nutrition, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan 71745, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chen-Yi Lin
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan 71069, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Ming-Jen Sheu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan 71069, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chien-Feng Li
- Department of Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan 71069, Taiwan, R.O.C.,National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan 70456, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Department of Biotechnology, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan 71005, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Ming-Hong Tai
- Department of Biotechnology, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan 71005, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Center for Neuroscience, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan, R.O.C
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33
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Gazzeri S. [Nuclear EGFR: a new mode of oncogenic signalling in cancer]. Biol Aujourdhui 2018; 212:27-33. [PMID: 30362453 DOI: 10.1051/jbio/2018016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
EGFR (Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor) is one of the most studied molecules in biology. From its early identification and cloning to the discovery of its role in cancer, it has been at the forefront of our understanding of Receptor Tyrosine Kinase (RTK) and cell signals that induce homeostasis, but when overexpressed, facilitate tumorigenesis. While the biological functions of EGFR traditionally involve the activation of a signaling network from the plasma membrane that includes activation of the RAS/MAPK/ERK, PI3K/AKT and STATS pathways, a new mode of EGFR signaling has been progressively decoded in which membrane-associated EGFR is transported after endocytosis from cell surface to the nucleus through endocytosis, retrograde trafficking to the Golgi, the endoplasmic reticulum and the inner nuclear membrane through a series of proteic interactions. In the nucleus, EGFR acts as a transcriptional regulator, a kinase and a physical interactor, transmits signals and is involved in multiple biological functions, including cell proliferation, tumor progression, DNA repair and replication, and resistance to cancer therapies. In this review, we will summarize current knowledge of the EGFR nuclear signaling network, including how it is delivered to the nucleus, the functions it serves in the nucleus and how these functions affect cancer progression, survival and the response to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvie Gazzeri
- « Epigénétique, maladies chroniques et cancer », INSERM U1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Université Grenoble Alpes, Institut pour l'Avancée des Biosciences (IAB), Allée des Alpes, 38700 La Tronche Cedex 09, France
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Homrich M, Es-Saddiki F, Gotthard I, Laurini C, Stein E, Wobst H, Zielinski A, Diestel S. NCAM140 is translocated into the nucleus by an importin-β1-dependent mechanism. Exp Cell Res 2018; 371:372-378. [PMID: 30153455 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2018.08.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Revised: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) is important for neural development and for plasticity in adult brain. Previous studies demonstrated a calmodulin-dependent import of a transmembrane fragment of NCAM into the nucleus that regulates gene expression. In a protein macroarray we identified importin-β1 as a potential interaction partner of NCAM's cytoplasmic tail. The interaction was verified and an importin-β1-dependent import of NCAM into the nucleus could be demonstrated using quantitative immunofluorescence analysis. Generation of NCAM deletion mutants revealed that the last amino acids of the cytoplasmic region of NCAM are dispensable whereas other parts of NCAM's cytoplasmic tail take part in its nuclear translocation. With this study we propose an alternative nuclear route for NCAM via the classical importin-mediated import.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirka Homrich
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Science, Department of Human Metabolomics, University of Bonn, Katzenburgweg 9a, 53115 Bonn, Germany.
| | - Fatema Es-Saddiki
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Science, Department of Human Metabolomics, University of Bonn, Katzenburgweg 9a, 53115 Bonn, Germany.
| | - Ingo Gotthard
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Science, Department of Human Metabolomics, University of Bonn, Katzenburgweg 9a, 53115 Bonn, Germany.
| | - Christine Laurini
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Science, Department of Human Metabolomics, University of Bonn, Katzenburgweg 9a, 53115 Bonn, Germany.
| | - Edda Stein
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Science, Department of Human Metabolomics, University of Bonn, Katzenburgweg 9a, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Hilke Wobst
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Science, Department of Human Metabolomics, University of Bonn, Katzenburgweg 9a, 53115 Bonn, Germany.
| | - Andy Zielinski
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Science, Department of Human Metabolomics, University of Bonn, Katzenburgweg 9a, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Simone Diestel
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Science, Department of Human Metabolomics, University of Bonn, Katzenburgweg 9a, 53115 Bonn, Germany.
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35
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Courgeon M, He DQ, Liu HH, Legent K, Treisman JE. The Drosophila Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor does not act in the nucleus. J Cell Sci 2018; 131:jcs.220251. [PMID: 30158176 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.220251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammalian members of the ErbB family, including the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), can regulate transcription, DNA replication and repair through nuclear entry of either the full-length proteins or their cleaved cytoplasmic domains. In cancer cells, these nuclear functions contribute to tumor progression and drug resistance. Here, we examined whether the single Drosophila EGFR can also localize to the nucleus. A chimeric EGFR protein fused at its cytoplasmic C-terminus to DNA-binding and transcriptional activation domains strongly activated transcriptional reporters when overexpressed in cultured cells or in vivo However, this activity was independent of cleavage and endocytosis. Without an exogenous activation domain, EGFR fused to a DNA-binding domain did not activate or repress transcription. Addition of the same DNA-binding and transcriptional activation domains to the endogenous Egfr locus through genome editing led to no detectable reporter expression in wild-type or oncogenic contexts. These results show that, when expressed at physiological levels, the cytoplasmic domain of the Drosophila EGFR does not have access to the nucleus. Therefore, nuclear EGFR functions are likely to have evolved after vertebrates and invertebrates diverged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilien Courgeon
- Skirball Institute for Biomolecular Medicine and Department of Cell Biology, NYU School of Medicine, 540 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Dan Qing He
- Skirball Institute for Biomolecular Medicine and Department of Cell Biology, NYU School of Medicine, 540 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Hui Hua Liu
- Skirball Institute for Biomolecular Medicine and Department of Cell Biology, NYU School of Medicine, 540 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Kevin Legent
- Skirball Institute for Biomolecular Medicine and Department of Cell Biology, NYU School of Medicine, 540 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Jessica E Treisman
- Skirball Institute for Biomolecular Medicine and Department of Cell Biology, NYU School of Medicine, 540 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA
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36
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Bhattacharya P, Shetake NG, Pandey BN, Kumar A. Receptor tyrosine kinase signaling in cancer radiotherapy and its targeting for tumor radiosensitization. Int J Radiat Biol 2018; 94:628-644. [DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2018.1478160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Poushali Bhattacharya
- Radiation Signaling and Cancer Biology Section, Radiation Biology and Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Neena G. Shetake
- Radiation Signaling and Cancer Biology Section, Radiation Biology and Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Badri N. Pandey
- Radiation Signaling and Cancer Biology Section, Radiation Biology and Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Amit Kumar
- Radiation Signaling and Cancer Biology Section, Radiation Biology and Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
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37
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Zhu ZC, Liu JW, Li K, Zheng J, Xiong ZQ. KPNB1 inhibition disrupts proteostasis and triggers unfolded protein response-mediated apoptosis in glioblastoma cells. Oncogene 2018; 37:2936-2952. [PMID: 29520102 PMCID: PMC5978811 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-018-0180-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Revised: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The nuclear import receptor karyopherin β1 (KPNB1) is involved in the nuclear import of most proteins and in the regulation of multiple mitotic events. Upregulation of KPNB1 has been observed in cancers including glioblastoma. Depletion of KPNB1 induces mitotic arrest and apoptosis in cancer cells, but the underlying mechanism is not clearly elucidated. Here, we found that downregulation and functional inhibition of KPNB1 in glioblastoma cells induced growth arrest and apoptosis without apparent mitotic arrest. KPNB1 inhibition upregulated Puma and Noxa and freed Mcl-1-sequestered Bax and Bak, leading to mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization (MOMP) and apoptosis. Moreover, combination of Bcl-xL inhibitors and KPNB1 inhibition enhanced apoptosis in glioblastoma cells. KPNB1 inhibition promoted cytosolic retention of its cargo and impaired cellular proteostasis, resulting in elevated polyubiquitination, formation of aggresome-like-induced structure (ALIS), and unfolded protein response (UPR). Ubiquitination elevation and UPR activation in KPNB1-deficient cells were reversed by KPNB1 overexpression or inhibitors of protein synthesis but aggravated by inhibitors of autophagy-lysosome or proteasome, indicating that rebalance of cytosolic/nuclear protein distribution and alleviation of protein overload favor proteostasis and cell survival. Chronic activation of eIF2α/ATF4 cascade of UPR was responsible for the upregulation of Puma and Noxa, apoptosis and ABT-263 sensitivity. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that KPNB1 is required for proteostasis maintenance and its inhibition induces apoptosis in glioblastoma cells through UPR-mediated deregulation of Bcl-2 family members.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Chuan Zhu
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200031, Shanghai, China
| | - Ji-Wei Liu
- School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 200237, Shanghai, China
| | - Kui Li
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200031, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 200237, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhi-Qi Xiong
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200031, Shanghai, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China.
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 201210, Shanghai, China.
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38
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Papadopoulos N, Lennartsson J, Heldin CH. PDGFRβ translocates to the nucleus and regulates chromatin remodeling via TATA element-modifying factor 1. J Cell Biol 2018; 217:1701-1717. [PMID: 29545370 PMCID: PMC5940298 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201706118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Revised: 01/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PDGFRβ translocates to the nucleus in a ligand-dependent manner tethered by TATA element–modifying factor 1 (TMF-1). Papadopoulos et al. show that PDGFRβ interacts with TMF-1 and Fer kinase in the nucleus, regulating chromatin remodeling by the SWI–SNF complex and controlling proliferation via a p21-dependent mechanism. Translocation of full-length or fragments of receptors to the nucleus has been reported for several tyrosine kinase receptors. In this paper, we show that a fraction of full-length cell surface platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) receptor β (PDGFRβ) accumulates in the nucleus at the chromatin and the nuclear matrix after ligand stimulation. Nuclear translocation of PDGFRβ was dependent on PDGF-BB–induced receptor dimerization, clathrin-mediated endocytosis, β-importin, and intact Golgi, occurring in both normal and cancer cells. In the nucleus, PDGFRβ formed ligand-inducible complexes with the tyrosine kinase Fer and its substrate, TATA element–modifying factor 1 (TMF-1). PDGF-BB stimulation decreased TMF-1 binding to the transcriptional regulator Brahma-related gene 1 (Brg-1) and released Brg-1 from the SWI–SNF chromatin remodeling complex. Moreover, knockdown of TMF-1 by small interfering RNA decreased nuclear translocation of PDGFRβ and caused significant up-regulation of the Brg-1/p53-regulated cell cycle inhibitor CDKN1A (encoding p21) without affecting PDGFRβ-inducible immediate-early genes. In conclusion, nuclear interactions of PDGFRβ control proliferation by chromatin remodeling and regulation of p21 levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Papadopoulos
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Science for Life Laboratory, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Johan Lennartsson
- Science for Life Laboratory, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Pharmaceutical Biomedicine, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Carl-Henrik Heldin
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden .,Science for Life Laboratory, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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39
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Weddell JC, Imoukhuede PI. Integrative meta-modeling identifies endocytic vesicles, late endosome and the nucleus as the cellular compartments primarily directing RTK signaling. Integr Biol (Camb) 2018; 9:464-484. [PMID: 28436498 DOI: 10.1039/c7ib00011a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Recently, intracellular receptor signaling has been identified as a key component mediating cell responses for various receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs). However, the extent each endocytic compartment (endocytic vesicle, early endosome, recycling endosome, late endosome, lysosome and nucleus) contributes to receptor signaling has not been quantified. Furthermore, our understanding of endocytosis and receptor signaling is complicated by cell- or receptor-specific endocytosis mechanisms. Therefore, towards understanding the differential endocytic compartment signaling roles, and identifying how to achieve signal transduction control for RTKs, we delineate how endocytosis regulates RTK signaling. We achieve this via a meta-analysis across eight RTKs, integrating computational modeling with experimentally derived cell (compartment volume, trafficking kinetics and pH) and ligand-receptor (ligand/receptor concentration and interaction kinetics) physiology. Our simulations predict the abundance of signaling from eight RTKs, identifying the following hierarchy in RTK signaling: PDGFRβ > IGFR1 > EGFR > PDGFRα > VEGFR1 > VEGFR2 > Tie2 > FGFR1. We find that endocytic vesicles are the primary cell signaling compartment; over 43% of total receptor signaling occurs within the endocytic vesicle compartment for these eight RTKs. Mechanistically, we found that high RTK signaling within endocytic vesicles may be attributed to their low volume (5.3 × 10-19 L) which facilitates an enriched ligand concentration (3.2 μM per ligand molecule within the endocytic vesicle). Under the analyzed physiological conditions, we identified extracellular ligand concentration as the most sensitive parameter to change; hence the most significant one to modify when regulating absolute compartment signaling. We also found that the late endosome and nucleus compartments are important contributors to receptor signaling, where 26% and 18%, respectively, of average receptor signaling occurs across the eight RTKs. Conversely, we found very low membrane-based receptor signaling, exhibiting <1% of the total receptor signaling for these eight RTKs. Moreover, we found that nuclear translocation, mechanistically, requires late endosomal transport; when we blocked receptor trafficking from late endosomes to the nucleus we found a 57% reduction in nuclear translocation. In summary, our research has elucidated the significance of endocytic vesicles, late endosomes and the nucleus in RTK signal propagation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jared C Weddell
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1304 W Springfield Ave., 3233 Digital Computer Laboratory, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
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40
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Wang H, Stoecklein NH, Lin PP, Gires O. Circulating and disseminated tumor cells: diagnostic tools and therapeutic targets in motion. Oncotarget 2018; 8:1884-1912. [PMID: 27683128 PMCID: PMC5352105 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Enumeration of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in peripheral blood with the gold standard CellSearchTM has proven prognostic value for tumor recurrence and progression of metastatic disease. Therefore, the further molecular characterization of isolated CTCs might have clinical relevance as liquid biopsy for therapeutic decision-making and to monitor disease progression. The direct analysis of systemic cancer appears particularly important in view of the known disparity in expression of therapeutic targets as well as epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-based heterogeneity between primary and systemic tumor cells, which all substantially complicate monitoring and therapeutic targeting at present. Since CTCs are the potential precursor cells of metastasis, their in-depth molecular profiling should also provide a useful resource for target discovery. The present review will discuss the use of systemically spread cancer cells as liquid biopsy and focus on potential target antigens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxia Wang
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Nikolas H Stoecklein
- Department of General, Visceral and Pediatric Surgery, Medical Faculty, University Hospital of the Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | | | - Olivier Gires
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Grosshadern Medical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Clinical Cooperation Group Personalized Radiotherapy of Head and Neck Tumors, Helmholtz, Germany
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41
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Bazzani L, Donnini S, Giachetti A, Christofori G, Ziche M. PGE2 mediates EGFR internalization and nuclear translocation via caveolin endocytosis promoting its transcriptional activity and proliferation in human NSCLC cells. Oncotarget 2018; 9:14939-14958. [PMID: 29599917 PMCID: PMC5871088 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) contributes to tumor progression by promoting cancer cell growth, invasion and by creating a favorable pro-tumor microenvironment. PGE2 has been reported to transactivate and internalize into the nucleus receptor tyrosine kinases such as Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), thereby supporting tumor progression. Here we demonstrate that in non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) cells, PGE2 induces EGFR nuclear translocation via different dynamin-dependent endocytic pathways, promotes the formation of an EGFR-STAT3 complex, affects nuclear EGFR target gene expression and mediates tumor cell proliferation. Indeed, we find that PGE2 induces EGFR internalization and consequent nuclear import through Clathrin- and Caveolin-mediated endocytosis and through the interaction of EGFR with Importin β1. Within the nucleus, EGFR forms a complex with STAT3, an event blocked by ablation of Clathrin Heavy Chain or Caveolin-1. The combination of EGF and PGE2 prolongs nuclear EGFR transcriptional activity manifested by the upregulation of CCND1, PTGS2, MYC and NOS2 mRNA levels and potentiates nuclear EGFR-induced NSCLC cell proliferation. Additionally, NSCLC patients with high expression of a nuclear EGFR gene signature display shorter survival times than those with low expression, thus showing a putative correlation between nuclear EGFR and poor prognosis in NSCLC. Together, our findings indicate a complex mechanism underlying PGE2-induced EGF/EGFR signaling and transcriptional control, which plays a key role in cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Bazzani
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.,Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sandra Donnini
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | | | | | - Marina Ziche
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
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Zhang Y, Zhu T, Liu J, Liu J, Gao D, Su T, Zhao R. FLNa negatively regulated proliferation and metastasis in lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells via suppression of EGFR. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2018; 50:164-170. [PMID: 29272322 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmx135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Filamin A (FLNa) is a ubiquitously expressed cytoplasmic protein, which composes of an N-terminal actin binding domain (ABD) followed by 24 Ig-like repeats. FLNa functions as a cytoskeletal protein that links transmembrane receptors, including integrins, to F-actin and serves as a signaling intermediate. Recent studies have identified FLNa as a scaffold protein that interacts with over 90 proteins and plays vital roles in cellular signaling transduction. Mutations or defects in human FLNa gene have been shown to cause numerous developmental defects. Moreover, aberrant expression of FLNa has been observed in many cancers, such as parathyroid tumor, cervical cancer, and breast cancer. However, its role in lung adenocarcinoma has seldom been discussed. In the present study, our in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated that silencing FLNa expression in lung cancer cell line A549 cells promoted proliferation, migration, and invasiveness of A549 cells by enhancing the activation of epidermal growth factor receptor and ERK signaling pathway. These results shed light on novel functions of FLNa in lung cancer and uncovered novel mechanisms, these results provided possible targets for the prediction and treatment for lung adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuna Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Fourth Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, China
| | - Tienian Zhu
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immune Mechanism and Intervention on Serious Disease in Hebei Province, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, Bethune International Peace Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050082, China
| | - Jingpu Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Bethune International Peace Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050082, China
| | - Jiankun Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Bethune International Peace Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050082, China
| | - Dongmei Gao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Bethune International Peace Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050082, China
| | - Tongyi Su
- Department of Medical Oncology, Bethune International Peace Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050082, China
| | - Ruijing Zhao
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immune Mechanism and Intervention on Serious Disease in Hebei Province, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
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Faraco CCF, Faria JAQA, Kunrath-Lima M, Miranda MCD, de Melo MIA, Ferreira ADF, Rodrigues MA, Gomes DA. Translocation of Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF) to the nucleus has distinct kinetics between adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells and a mesenchymal cancer cell lineage. J Struct Biol 2017; 202:61-69. [PMID: 29277356 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2017.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Revised: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) has been associated with worse prognosis and treatment resistance for several cancer types. After Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF) binding, the ligand-receptor complex can translocate to the nucleus where it functions in oncological processes. By three-dimensional quantification analysis of super-resolution microscopy images, we verified the translocation kinetics of fluorescent conjugated EGF to the nucleus in two mesenchymal cell types: human adipose tissue-derived stem cells (hASC) and SK-HEP-1 tumor cells. The number of EGF clusters in the nucleus does not change after 10 min of stimulation with EGF in both cells. The total volume occupied by EGF clusters in the nucleus of hASC also does not change after 10 min of stimulation with EGF. However, the total volume of EGF clusters increases only after 20 min in SK-HEP-1 cells nuclei. In these cells the nuclear volume occupied by EGF is 3.2 times higher than in hASC after 20 min of stimulation, indicating that translocation kinetics of EGF differs between these two cell types. After stimulation, EGF clusters assemble in larger clusters in the cell nucleus in both cell types, which suggests specific sub-nuclear localizations of the receptor. Super-resolution microscopy images show that EGF clusters are widespread in the nucleoplasm, and can be localized in nuclear envelope invaginations, and in the nucleoli. The quantitative study of EGF-EGFR complex translocation to the nucleus may help to unravel its roles in health and pathological conditions, such as cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Cristina Fraga Faraco
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | - Marianna Kunrath-Lima
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Coutinho de Miranda
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Mariane Izabella Abreu de Melo
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Andrea da Fonseca Ferreira
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Michele Angela Rodrigues
- Departamento de Patologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Dawidson Assis Gomes
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
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Sheng C, Qiu J, He Z, Wang H, Wang Q, Guo Z, Zhu L, Ni Q. Suppression of Kpnβ1 expression inhibits human breast cancer cell proliferation by abrogating nuclear transport of Her2. Oncol Rep 2017; 39:554-564. [PMID: 29251332 PMCID: PMC5783623 DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.6151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most fatal diseases and poses critical health problems worldwide. However, its mechanisms remain unclear. Consequently, there is an urgency to investigate the mechanisms involved in BC initiation and progression and identify novel therapeutics for its prevention and treatment. In this study, we identified karyopherin β-1 (Kpnβ1) as a possible novel therapeutic target for BC. Western blotting was used to evaluate the expression of Kpnβ1 in four pairs of tumorous and adjacent non-tumorous tissues. The results revealed that the protein level of Kpnβ1 was higher in the cancer samples compared with those in the corresponding normal samples. Immunohistochemistry was performed on 140 BC cases and indicated that Kpnβ1 was significantly associated with clinical pathological variables. Kaplan-Meier curve revealed that high expression of Kpnβ1 was related to poor BC patient prognosis. A starvation and re-feeding assay was used to imitate the cell cycle using the SKBR-3 cell line, indicating that Kpnβ1 plays a critical role in cell proliferation. The Cell Counting Kit-8 assay revealed that SKBR-3 cells treated with Kpnβ1-siRNA (siKpnβ1) grew more slowly than the control cells, while flow cytometry revealed that low-Kpnβ1 expressing SKBR-3 cells exhibited increased BC cell apoptosis. Furthermore, the interaction between Kpnβ1 and Her2 was clearly observed by immunoprecipitation, indicating that Kpnβ1-knockdown abrogated nuclear transport of Her2. In summary, our findings revealed that Kpnβ1 is involved in the progression of BC and may be a useful therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyi Sheng
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Jian Qiu
- Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Zhixian He
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Qingqing Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Zengya Guo
- Department of General Surgery, Tongzhou People's Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu 226300, P.R. China
| | - Lianxin Zhu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Lu'an People's Hospital Tumor Center, The Lu'an Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Lu'an, Anhui 237000, P.R. China
| | - Qichao Ni
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
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A small molecule induces integrin β4 nuclear translocation and apoptosis selectively in cancer cells with high expression of integrin β4. Oncotarget 2017; 7:16282-96. [PMID: 26918348 PMCID: PMC4941314 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased integrin β4 (ITGB4) level is accompanied by malignant progression of multiple carcinomas. However, selective therapeutic strategies against cancer cells expressing a high level of ITGB4 have not been reported. Here, for the first time, we report that a chiral small molecule, SEC, selectively promotes apoptosis in cancer cells expressing a high level of ITGB4 by inducing ITGB4 nuclear translocation. Nuclear ITGB4 can bind to the ATF3 promoter region and activate the expression of ATF3, then upregulate the downstream pro-apoptosis genes. Furthermore, SEC promoted the binding of annexin A7 (ANXA7) to ITGB4 and increased ANXA7 GTPase activity. Activated ANXA7 promoted ITGB4 nuclear translocation by triggering ITGB4 phosphorylation at Y1494. SEC also inhibited the growth of xenograft tumors in the avian embryo model. We identified a small molecule, SEC, with selective pro-apoptosis effects on cancer cells with high expression of ITGB4, both in vitro and in vivo, by triggering the binding of ITGB4 and ANXA7, ITGB4 nuclear trafficking, and pro-apoptosis gene expression.
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Liu Z, Gao W. Leptomycin B reduces primary and acquired resistance of gefitinib in lung cancer cells. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2017; 335:16-27. [PMID: 28942004 PMCID: PMC5643250 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2017.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Revised: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) gefitinib has demonstrated dramatic clinical efficacy in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. However, its therapeutic efficacy is ultimately limited by the development of acquired drug resistance. The aim of this study was to explore the potential utility of chromosome region maintenance 1 (CRM1) inhibitor leptomycin B (LMB) in combination with gefitinib to overcome primary and acquired gefitinib resistance in NSCLC cells. The combinative effects of gefitinib and LMB were evaluated by MTT and its underlining mechanism was assessed by flow cytometry and Western blot. LMB displayed a synergistic effect on gefitinib-induced cytotoxicity in A549 (IC50: 25.0±2.1μM of gefitinib+LMB vs. 32.0±2.5μM of gefitinib alone, p<0.05). Gefitinib+LMB caused a significantly different cell cycle distribution and signaling pathways involved in EGFR/survivin/p21 compared with gefitinib. A549 cells then were treated with progressively increased concentrations of gefitinib (A549GR) or in combination with LMB (A549GLR) over 10months to generate gefitinib resistance. IC50 of gefitinib in A549GLR (37.0±2.8μM) was significantly lower than that in A549GR (53.0±3.0μM, p<0.05), which indicates that LMB could reverse gefitinib-induced resistance in A549. Further mechanism investigation revealed that the expression patterns of EGFR pathway and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers in A549, A549GR, and A549GLR were significantly different. In conclusion, LMB at a very low concentration (0.5nM) combined with gefitinib showed synergistic therapeutic effects and ameliorated the development of gefitinib-induced resistance in lung cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongwei Liu
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, The Institute of Environmental and Human Health, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, United States
| | - Weimin Gao
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, The Institute of Environmental and Human Health, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, United States.
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Yamaoka T, Ohba M, Ohmori T. Molecular-Targeted Therapies for Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor and Its Resistance Mechanisms. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18112420. [PMID: 29140271 PMCID: PMC5713388 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18112420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Revised: 11/11/2017] [Accepted: 11/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer therapies targeting epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), such as small-molecule kinase inhibitors and monoclonal antibodies, have been developed as standard therapies for several cancers, such as non-small cell lung cancer, colorectal cancer, pancreatic cancer, breast cancer, and squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. Although these therapies can significantly prolong progression-free survival, curative effects are not often achieved because of intrinsic and/or acquired resistance. The resistance mechanisms to EGFR-targeted therapies can be categorized as resistant gene mutations, activation of alternative pathways, phenotypic transformation, and resistance to apoptotic cell death. Analysis of the processes that modulate EGFR signal transduction by EGFR-targeted inhibitors, such as tyrosine kinase inhibitors and monoclonal antibodies, has revealed new therapeutic opportunities and has elucidated novel mechanisms contributing to the discovery of more effective anticancer treatments. In this review, we discuss the roles of EGFR in cancer development, therapeutic strategies for targeting EGFR, and resistance mechanisms to EGFR-targeted therapies, with a focus on cancer therapies for individual patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshimitsu Yamaoka
- Institute of Molecular Oncology, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan.
| | - Motoi Ohba
- Institute of Molecular Oncology, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan.
| | - Tohru Ohmori
- Institute of Molecular Oncology, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan.
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Parchure A, Munson M, Budnik V. Getting mRNA-Containing Ribonucleoprotein Granules Out of a Nuclear Back Door. Neuron 2017; 96:604-615. [PMID: 29096075 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2017.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Revised: 10/15/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A pivotal feature of long-lasting synaptic plasticity is the localization of RNAs and the protein synthesis machinery at synaptic sites. How and where ribonucleoprotein (RNP) transport granules that support this synthetic activity are formed is of fundamental importance. The prevailing model poses that the nuclear pore complex (NPC) is the sole gatekeeper for transit of cellular material in and out of the nucleus. However, insights from the nuclear assembly of large viral capsids highlight a back door route for nuclear escape, a process referred to nuclear envelope (NE) budding. Recent studies indicate that NE budding might be an endogenous cellular process for the nuclear export of very large RNPs and protein aggregates. In Drosophila, this mechanism is required for synaptic plasticity, but its role may extend beyond the nervous system, in tissues where local changes in translation are required. Here we discuss these recent findings and a potential relationship between NE budding and the NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anup Parchure
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Mary Munson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Vivian Budnik
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
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49
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Lan H, Liu H, Hong P, Li R, Zheng X. Porcine growth hormone induces the nuclear localization of porcine growth hormone receptor in vivo. ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2017; 31:499-504. [PMID: 29059726 PMCID: PMC5838321 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.17.0585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Revised: 09/16/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Objective Recent studies have challenged the traditional paradigm that growth hormone receptor (GHR) displays physiological functions only in the cell membrane. It has been demonstrated that GHR localizes to the cell nucleus and still exhibits important physiological roles. The phenomenon of nuclear localization of growth hormone (GH)-induced GHR has previously been described in vitro. However, until recently, whether GH could induce nuclear localization of GHR in vivo was unclear. Methods In the present study, we used pig as an animal model, and porcine growth hormone (pGH) or saline was injected into the inferior vena cava. We subsequently observed the localization of porcine growth hormone receptor (pGHR) using multiple techniques, including, immunoprecipitation and Western-blotting, indirect immunofluorescence assay and electronmicroscopy. Results The results showed that pGH could induce nuclear localization of pGHR. Taken together, the results of the present study provided the first demonstration that pGHR was translocated to cell nuclei under pGH stimulation in vivo. Conclusion Nuclear localization of pGHR induced by the in vivo pGH treatment suggests new functions and/or novel roles of nuclear pGHR, which deserve further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hainan Lan
- College of Animal Science and Technology Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Huilin Liu
- College of life sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Pan Hong
- College of Animal Science and Technology Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Ruonan Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Xin Zheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
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50
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Bartolowits MD, Brown W, Ali R, Pedley AM, Chen Q, Harvey KE, Wendt MK, Davisson VJ. Selective Inhibition of STAT3 Phosphorylation Using a Nuclear-Targeted Kinase Inhibitor. ACS Chem Biol 2017; 12:2371-2378. [PMID: 28787571 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.7b00341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of compounds that selectively modulate signaling and effector proteins downstream of EGFR could have important implications for understanding specific roles for pathway activation. A complicating factor for receptor tyrosine kinases is their capacity to be translocated to the nucleus upon ligand engagement. Once localized in subcellular compartments like the nucleus, the roles for EGFR take on additional features, many of which are still being revealed. Additionally, nuclear localization of EGFR has been implicated in downstream events that have significance for therapy resistance and disease progression. The challenges to addressing the differential roles for EGFR in the nucleus motivated experimental approaches that can selectively modulate its subcellular function. By adding modifications to the established EGFR kinase inhibitor gefitinib, an approach to small molecule conjugates with a unique nuclear-targeting peptoid sequence was tested in both human and murine breast tumor cell models for their capacity to inhibit EGF-stimulated activation of ERK1/2 and STAT3. While gefitinib alone inhibits both of these downstream effectors, data acquired here indicate that compartmentalization of the gefitinib conjugates allows for pathway specific inhibition of STAT3 while not affecting ERK1/2 signaling. The inhibitor conjugates offered a more direct route to evaluate the role of EGF-stimulated epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in these breast cancer cell models. These conjugates revealed that STAT3 activation is not involved in EGF-induced EMT, and instead utilization of the cytoplasmic MAP kinase signaling pathway is critical to this process. This is the first example of a conjugate kinase inhibitor capable of partitioning to the nucleus and offers a new approach to enhancing kinase inhibitor specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D. Bartolowits
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
and Molecular Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Wells Brown
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
and Molecular Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Remah Ali
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
and Molecular Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Anthony M. Pedley
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
and Molecular Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Qingshou Chen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
and Molecular Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Kyle E. Harvey
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
and Molecular Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Michael K. Wendt
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
and Molecular Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Vincent Jo Davisson
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
and Molecular Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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