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Zu S, Yang M, Li X, Wu H, Li X, Fan Y, Wang D, Zhang B. Flavonoids intake and weight-adjusted waist index: insights from a cross-sectional study of NHANES. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1400726. [PMID: 38957872 PMCID: PMC11217567 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1400726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
This study conducted data on 15,446 adults to explore the impact of flavonoids on weight-adjusted waist index (WWI). This was a nationwide cross-sectional study among US adults aged 20 years or older. Dietary intake of flavonoids was assessed through 24-h recall questionnaire. WWI was calculated by dividing waist circumference (WC) by the square root of weight. We utilized weighted generalized linear regression to evaluate the association between flavonoids intake and WWI, and restricted cubic splines (RCS) to explore potential non-linear relationships. Our findings indicated that individuals with lower WWI experienced a notable increase in their consumption of total flavonoids, flavanones, flavones, flavan-3-ols, and anthocyanidins intake (β (95% CI); -0.05(-0.09, -0.01); -0.07(-0.13, 0.00); -0.07(-0.11, -0.02); -0.06(-0.11, 0.00); -0.13(-0.18, -0.08), respectively), with the exception of flavonols and isoflavones. Additionally, consumption of total flavonoids, flavonols, flavanones, isoflavones, and flavan-3-ols had a non-linear relationship with WWI (all P for non-linearity < 0.05). Furthermore, the effect of total flavonoids on WWI varied in race (P for interaction = 0.011), gender (P for interaction = 0.038), and poverty status (P for interaction = 0.002). These findings suggested that increase the intake of flavonoids might prevent abdominal obesity, but further prospective studies are requested before dietary recommendation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Zu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Meiling Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xiude Li
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Hanhan Wu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xunliang Li
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yunshan Fan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Deguang Wang
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Bao Zhang
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
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2
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Lee J, Hong I, Lee C, Kim D, Kim S, Lee Y. SNPs in microRNA seed region and impact of miR-375 in concurrent regulation of multiple lipid accumulation-related genes. Sci Rep 2024; 14:10924. [PMID: 38740866 PMCID: PMC11091151 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61673-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Bovine intramuscular fat (IMF), commonly referred to as marbling, is regulated by lipid metabolism, which includes adipogenesis, lipogenesis, glycerolipid synthesis, and lipolysis. In recent years, breeding researchers have identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as useful marker-assisted selection tools for improving marbling scores in national breeding programs. These included causal SNPs that induce phenotypic variation. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small highly conserved non-coding RNA molecules that bind to multiple non-coding regions. They are involved in post-transcriptional regulation. Multiple miRNAs may regulate a given target. Previously, three SNPs in the GPAM 3' UTR and four miRNAs were identified through in silico assays. The aim of this study is to verify the binding ability of the four miRNAs to the SNPs within the 3'UTR of GPAM, and to identify the regulatory function of miR-375 in the expression of genes related to lipid metabolism in mammalian adipocytes. It was verified that the four miRNAs bind to the GPAM 3'UTR, and identified that the miR-375 sequence is highly conserved. Furthermore, it was founded that miR-375 upregulated the GPAM gene, C/EBPα, PPARγ and lipid metabolism-related genes and promoted lipid droplet accumulation in 3T3-L1 cells. In conclusion, these results suggest that miR-375 is a multifunctional regulator of multiple lipid metabolism-related genes and may aid in obesity research as a biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyeon Lee
- School of Biotechnology, Hankyong National University, Anseong, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Inpyo Hong
- School of Biotechnology, Hankyong National University, Anseong, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Chanwoo Lee
- Nuonbio Inc., 906, A, 302 Galmachi-ro, Jungwon-gu, Seongnam-si, South Korea
| | - Daehyun Kim
- Department of Animal Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Sunghak Kim
- Department of Animal Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea.
| | - Yoonseok Lee
- School of Biotechnology, Hankyong National University, Anseong, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea.
- Center for Genetic Information, Hankyong National University, Anseong, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea.
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3
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Li Z, Zhang B, Wang N, Zuo Z, Wei H, Zhao F. A novel peptide protects against diet-induced obesity by suppressing appetite and modulating the gut microbiota. Gut 2023; 72:686-698. [PMID: 35803703 PMCID: PMC10086289 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2022-328035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The obesity epidemic and its metabolic complications continue to be a major global public health threat with limited effective treatments, especially drugs that can be taken orally. Peptides are a promising class of molecules that have gained increased interest for their applications in medicine and biotechnology. In this study, we focused on looking for peptides that can be administrated orally to treat obesity and exploring its mechanisms. DESIGN Here, a 9-amino-acid peptide named D3 was designed and administered orally to germ-free (GF) mice and wild-type (WT) mice, rats and macaques. The effects of D3 on body weight and other basal metabolic parameters were evaluated. The effects of D3 on gut microbiota were evaluated using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. To identify and confirm the mechanisms of D3, transcriptome analysis of ileum and molecular approaches on three animal models were performed. RESULTS A significant body weight reduction was observed both in WT (12%) and GF (9%) mice treated with D3. D3 ameliorated leptin resistance and upregulated the expression of uroguanylin (UGN), which suppresses appetite via the UGN-GUCY2C endocrine axis. Similar effects were also found in diet-induced obese rat and macaque models. Furthermore, the abundance of intestinal Akkermansia muciniphila increased about 100 times through the IFNγ-Irgm1 axis after D3 treatment, which may further inhibit fat absorption by downregulating Cd36. CONCLUSION Our results indicated that D3 is a novel drug candidate for counteracting diet-induced obesity as a non-toxic and bioactive peptide. Targeting the UGN-GUCY2C endocrine axis may represent a therapeutic strategy for the treatment of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanzhan Li
- Beijing Institutes of Life Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bing Zhang
- Beijing Institutes of Life Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Beijing Institutes of Life Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenqiang Zuo
- Beijing Institutes of Life Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Wei
- Laboratory Animal Department, College of Basic Medicine Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fangqing Zhao
- Beijing Institutes of Life Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China.,Key Laboratory of Systems Biology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
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4
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Zahradka P, Taylor CG, Tworek L, Perrault R, M’Seffar S, Murali M, Loader T, Wigle JT. Thrombin-Mediated Formation of Globular Adiponectin Promotes an Increase in Adipose Tissue Mass. Biomolecules 2022; 13:biom13010030. [PMID: 36671414 PMCID: PMC9855379 DOI: 10.3390/biom13010030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A decrease in the circulating levels of adiponectin in obesity increases the risk of metabolic complications, but the role of globular adiponectin, a truncated form produced by proteolytic cleavage, has not been defined. The objective of this investigation was to determine how globular adiponectin is generated and to determine whether this process impacts obesity. The cleavage of recombinant full-length adiponectin into globular adiponectin by plasma in vitro was used to identify Gly-93 as the N-terminal residue after proteolytic processing. The amino acid sequence of the cleavage site suggested thrombin was the protease responsible for cleavage, and inhibitors confirmed its likely involvement. The proteolytic site was modified, and this thrombin-resistant mutant protein was infused for 4 weeks into obese adiponectin-knockout mice that had been on a high-fat diet for 8 weeks. The mutation of the cleavage site ensured that globular adiponectin was not generated, and thus did not confound the actions of the full-length adiponectin. Mice infused with the mutant adiponectin accumulated less fat and had smaller adipocytes compared to mice treated with globular adiponectin, and concurrently had elevated fasting glucose. The data demonstrate that generation of globular adiponectin through the action of thrombin increases both adipose tissue mass and adipocyte size, but it has no effect on fasting glucose levels in the context of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Zahradka
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada
- Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
- Canadian Centre for Agri-food Research in Health and Medicine, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-204-235-3507
| | - Carla G. Taylor
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada
- Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
- Canadian Centre for Agri-food Research in Health and Medicine, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada
| | - Leslee Tworek
- Canadian Centre for Agri-food Research in Health and Medicine, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada
| | - Raissa Perrault
- Canadian Centre for Agri-food Research in Health and Medicine, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada
| | - Sofia M’Seffar
- Canadian Centre for Agri-food Research in Health and Medicine, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada
| | - Megha Murali
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada
| | - Tara Loader
- Canadian Centre for Agri-food Research in Health and Medicine, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada
| | - Jeffrey T. Wigle
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada
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5
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Hamabe‐Horiike T, Harada S, Yoshida K, Kinoshita J, Yamaguchi T, Fushida S. Adipocytes contribute to tumor progression and invasion of peritoneal metastasis by interacting with gastric cancer cells as cancer associated fibroblasts. Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2022; 6:e1647. [PMID: 35691615 PMCID: PMC9875653 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.1647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peritoneal metastasis (PM) is one of the most common causes of noncurative surgery and the most frequent recurrence pattern in gastric cancer (GC). During the process of PM, GC cells detached from primary tumor interact with human peritoneal mesothelial cells (HPMC) overlapped with adipose tissues such as the omentum or mesentery. Although the interaction with HPMC promotes the malignancy of GC, the role of adipose tissues remains unclear. AIMS We aimed to clarify how adipose tissue are affected by adjacent primary tumors during the expression of adipokines and to elucidate whether GC cells transform adipocytes into CAFs in vitro. In addition, we investigated whether GC cells are affected by adipocytes in their ability to infiltrate. METHODS We investigated the phenotypic conversion of adipocytes during the malignant process of GC cells in vivo and in vitro. We evaluated the expression levels of adiponectin in the omental adipose tissue of gastric cancer patients by western blotting. Following adipocytes/gastric cancer cells coculture, adipocyte markers, adiponectin receptors, and inflammatory cytokine markers were detected by real-time PCR and/or western blotting in the single-cultured and co-cultured adipocytes; cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF) markers were detected by immunofluorescence and western blotting in the single-cultured and co-cultured adipocytes; invasion assays were performed in single cultured and co-cultured MKN45 and OCUM. RESULTS In omental adipose tissues that are situated close to the primary tumors, the expression of adiponectin tended to decrease in patients with subserosal or serosal invasion. By co-culturing with GC cells, adipocytes were dedifferentiated and the expression levels of CAF marker FSP1 and inflammatory cytokines, PAI-1 and IL-6, significantly increased (p < 0.05). Furthermore, GC cells co-cultured with adipocytes showed enhanced invasion ability. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that the phenotypic conversion of adipocytes may promote the malignancy of GC in the construction of the cancer microenvironment of PM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshihide Hamabe‐Horiike
- Center for Biomedical Research and Education, School of MedicineKanazawa UniversityKanazawaJapan
| | - Shin‐ichi Harada
- Center for Biomedical Research and Education, School of MedicineKanazawa UniversityKanazawaJapan
| | - Kyoko Yoshida
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Division of Cancer Medicine, Graduate School of Medical ScienceKanazawa UniversityKanazawaJapan
| | - Jun Kinoshita
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Division of Cancer Medicine, Graduate School of Medical ScienceKanazawa UniversityKanazawaJapan
| | - Takahisa Yamaguchi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Division of Cancer Medicine, Graduate School of Medical ScienceKanazawa UniversityKanazawaJapan
| | - Sachio Fushida
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Division of Cancer Medicine, Graduate School of Medical ScienceKanazawa UniversityKanazawaJapan
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6
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Palmer TM, Salt IP. Nutrient regulation of inflammatory signalling in obesity and vascular disease. Clin Sci (Lond) 2021; 135:1563-1590. [PMID: 34231841 DOI: 10.1042/cs20190768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Despite obesity and diabetes markedly increasing the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases, the molecular and cellular mechanisms that underlie this association remain poorly characterised. In the last 20 years it has become apparent that chronic, low-grade inflammation in obese adipose tissue may contribute to the risk of developing insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Furthermore, increased vascular pro-inflammatory signalling is a key event in the development of cardiovascular diseases. Overnutrition exacerbates pro-inflammatory signalling in vascular and adipose tissues, with several mechanisms proposed to mediate this. In this article, we review the molecular and cellular mechanisms by which nutrients are proposed to regulate pro-inflammatory signalling in adipose and vascular tissues. In addition, we examine the potential therapeutic opportunities that these mechanisms provide for suppression of inappropriate inflammation in obesity and vascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy M Palmer
- Centre for Atherothrombosis and Metabolic Disease, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull HU6 7RX, United Kingdom
| | - Ian P Salt
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
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7
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Wang Q, Wang Q, Melak S, Lin X, Wei W, Zhang L, Chen J. A novel c.-652C>T mutation in UCHL1 gene is associated with the growth performance in Yangzhou goose. Poult Sci 2021; 100:101089. [PMID: 34051408 PMCID: PMC8165569 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2021.101089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
As a member of the ubiquitin-dependent proteasome degradation pathway, Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase-L1 (UCHL1) plays a key role in post-translational modification and protein degradation, and it is extensive and important for the regulation of various biological functions of the organism. However, its function remains unclear in goose growth performance. In this study, the full-length genomic DNA and coding region of UCHL1 gene was firstly cloned and characterized in Yangzhou goose. Tissue expression profile revealed that UCHL1 was exclusively expressed in brain and gonads. A novel single nucleotide polymorphisms c.-652C>T which is significantly related to 64-d body weight of Yangzhou goose was found in UCHL1 promoter region by comparative sequencing. Correlation analysis in a population of 405 geese showed that TT genotype individuals had higher body weight than CC individuals in male, but not in female geese. Dual-luciferase reporter assay indicated that the single nucleotide polymorphisms c.-652C>T is located at the core promoter region of UCHL1, and the promoter transcription activity was significantly increased (P < 0.01) when allele C changed to T. Geese with TT genotype had higher mRNA level of UCHL1 in brain tissue than those of CC genotype (P < 0.01). Compared with CC individuals, neuropeptide Y and AdipoR1 mRNA level was significantly higher in TT individuals (P < 0.05), while FAS mRNA level was lower in the TT individuals (P < 0.05). In summary, we identify a novel mutation in the promoter of UCHL1 gene, which can alter transcriptional activity of UCHL1 gene, and affect the growth performance of male goose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Qiushi Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Sherif Melak
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Xiangsheng Lin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Wei Wei
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Lifan Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Jie Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China.
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8
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Gokulakrishnan K, Pandey GK, Sathishkumar C, Sundararajan S, Durairaj P, Manickam N, Mohan V, Balasubramanyam M. Augmentation of RBP4/STRA6 signaling leads to insulin resistance and inflammation and the plausible therapeutic role of vildagliptin and metformin. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:4093-4106. [PMID: 34041677 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06420-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
A role of Retinol Binding Protein-4 (RBP4) in insulin resistance is widely studied. However, there is paucity of information on its receptor viz., Stimulated by Retinoic Acid-6 (STRA6) with insulin resistance. To address this, we investigated the regulation of RBP4/STRA6 expression in 3T3-L1 adipocytes exposed to glucolipotoxicity (GLT) and in visceral adipose tissue (VAT) from high fat diet (HFD) fed insulin-resistant rats. 3T3-L1 adipocytes were subjected to GLT and other experimental maneuvers with and without vildagliptin or metformin. Real-time PCR and western-blot experiments were performed to analyze RBP4, STRA6, PPARγ gene and protein expression. Adipored staining and glucose uptake assay were performed to evaluate lipid and glucose metabolism. Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and Insulin Tolerance Test (ITT) were performed to determine the extent of insulin resistance in HFD fed male Wistar rats. Total serum RBP4 was measured by quantitative sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. Adipocytes under GLT exhibited significantly increased RBP4/STRA6 expressions and decreased insulin sensitivity/glucose uptake. Vildagliptin and metformin not only restored the above but also decreased the expression of IL-6, NFκB, SOCS-3 along with lipid accumulation. Furthermore, HFD fed rats exhibited significantly increased serum levels of RBP4 along with VAT expression of RBP4, STRA6, PPARγ, IL-6. These molecules were significantly altered by the vildagliptin/ metformin treatment. We conclude that RBP4/STRA6 pathway is primarily involved in mediating inflammation and insulin resistance in adipocytes and visceral adipose tissues under glucolipotoxicity and in insulin resistant rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuppan Gokulakrishnan
- Department of Neurochemistry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Hosur Road, Bengaluru, 560029, India. .,Department of Research Biochemistry, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Gopalapuram, Chennai, 600086, India.
| | - Gautam Kumar Pandey
- Department of Research Biochemistry, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Gopalapuram, Chennai, 600086, India.,Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, 27514, USA
| | - Chandrakumar Sathishkumar
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Gopalapuram, Chennai, 600086, India
| | - Saravanakumar Sundararajan
- Department of Vascular Biology, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Gopalapuram, Chennai, 600086, India
| | - Prabhu Durairaj
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Gopalapuram, Chennai, 600086, India.,Department of Medical and Health Sciences (MHS), SRM Medical College Hospital & Research Centre, SRM Institute of Science and Technology (SRMIST), Kattankulathur, Chennai, 603203, India
| | - Nagaraj Manickam
- Department of Vascular Biology, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Gopalapuram, Chennai, 600086, India
| | - Viswanathan Mohan
- Department of Research Biochemistry, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Gopalapuram, Chennai, 600086, India
| | - Muthuswamy Balasubramanyam
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Gopalapuram, Chennai, 600086, India.,Department of Medical and Health Sciences (MHS), SRM Medical College Hospital & Research Centre, SRM Institute of Science and Technology (SRMIST), Kattankulathur, Chennai, 603203, India
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9
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Maeda T, Wakisaka S. Deficiency of C1q/TNF-related protein 3 (CTRP3) decreases adipose tissue weight in diet-induced obesity mice. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:9219-9224. [PMID: 33057992 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05905-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Adipokines are important regulators of lipid and glucose metabolism. A family of adiponectin paralogs is known as C1q and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related proteins (CTRPs). One line of Ctrp3-deficient mice shows reduced liver size in response to obesity. We generated and characterized another line of Ctrp3 knockout (KO) mice to reveal novel physiological functions of CTRP3. Interestingly, high fat diet (HFD)-fed Ctrp3 KO mice displayed a decrease in the epididymal white adipose tissue (WAT) weight to total body weight ratio. Histologically, adipocyte size was significantly smaller in the epididymal WAT of HFD-fed Ctrp3 KO mice than wild-type (WT) controls. The expression of several genes involved in lipogenesis, lipolysis and adipogenesis in the epididymal WAT of Ctrp3 KO mice fed a HFD was decreased. The present findings provide new insight into the role of CTRP3 as adipokine in the regulation of adipose tissue in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Maeda
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, 1-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Satoshi Wakisaka
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, 1-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
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10
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Deoxynivalenol Exposure Suppresses Adipogenesis by Inhibiting the Expression of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma 2 (PPARγ2) in 3T3-L1 Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21176300. [PMID: 32878272 PMCID: PMC7504378 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Deoxynivalenol (DON)-a type B trichothecene mycotoxin, mainly produced by the secondary metabolism of Fusarium-has toxic effects on animals and humans. Although DON's toxicity in many organs including the adrenal glands, thymus, stomach, spleen, and colon has been addressed, its effects on adipocytes have not been investigated. In this study, 3T3-L1 cells were chosen as the cell model and treated with less toxic doses of DON (100 ng/mL) for 7 days. An inhibition of adipogenesis and decrease in triglycerides (TGs) were observed. DON exposure significantly downregulated the expression of PPARγ2 and C/EBPα, along with that of other adipogenic marker genes in 3T3-L1 cells and BALB/c mice. The anti-adipogenesis effect of DON and the downregulation of the expression of adipogenic marker genes were effectively reversed by PPARγ2 overexpression. The repression of PPARγ2's expression is the pivotal event during DON exposure regarding adipogenesis. DON exposure specifically decreased the di-/trimethylation levels of Histone 3 at lysine 4 in 3T3-L1 cells, therefore weakening the enrichment of H3K4me2 and H3K4me3 at the Pparγ2 promoter and suppressing its expression. Conclusively, DON exposure inhibited PPARγ2 expression via decreasing H3K4 methylation, downregulated the expression of PPARγ2-regulated adipogenic marker genes, and consequently suppressed the intermediate and late stages of adipogenesis. Our results broaden the current understanding of DON's toxic effects and provide a reference for addressing the toxicological mechanism of DON's interference with lipid homeostasis.
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11
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CXCL13 is a differentiation- and hypoxia-induced adipocytokine that exacerbates the inflammatory phenotype of adipocytes through PHLPP1 induction. Biochem J 2020; 476:3533-3548. [PMID: 31710352 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20190709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia in adipose tissue is regarded as a trigger that induces dysregulation of the secretory profile in adipocytes. Similarly, local dysregulation of adipocytokine secretion is an initial event in the deleterious effects of obesity on metabolism. We previously reported that CXCL13 is highly produced during adipogenesis, however little is known about the roles of CXCL13 in adipocytes. Here, we found that hypoxia, as modeled by 1% O2 or exposure to the hypoxia-mimetic reagent desferrioxamine (DFO) has strong inductive effects on the expression of CXCL13 and CXCR5, a CXCL13 receptor, in both undifferentiated and differentiated adipocytes and in organ-cultured white adipose tissue (WAT). CXCL13 was also highly expressed in WAT from high fat diet-fed mice. Hypoxic profile, typified by increased expression of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) and decreased expression of adiponectin, was significantly induced by CXCL13 treatment during adipogenic differentiation. Conversely, the treatment of adipocytes with a neutralizing-antibody against CXCL13 as well as CXCR5 knockdown by specific siRNA effectively inhibited DFO-induced inflammation. The phosphorylation of Akt2, a protective factor of adipose inflammation, was significantly inhibited by CXCL13 treatment during adipogenic differentiation. Mechanistically, CXCL13 induces the expression of PHLPP1, an Akt2 phosphatase, through focal adhesion kinase (FAK) signaling; and correspondingly we show that CXCL13 and DFO-induced IL-6 and PAI-1 expression was blocked by Phlpp1 knockdown. Furthermore, we revealed the functional binding sites of PPARγ2 and HIF1-α within the Cxcl13 promoter. Taken together, these results indicate that CXCL13 is an adipocytokine that facilitates hypoxia-induced inflammation in adipocytes through FAK-mediated induction of PHLPP1 in autocrine and/or paracrine manner.
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12
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Heinonen S, Jokinen R, Rissanen A, Pietiläinen KH. White adipose tissue mitochondrial metabolism in health and in obesity. Obes Rev 2020; 21:e12958. [PMID: 31777187 DOI: 10.1111/obr.12958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
White adipose tissue is one of the largest organs of the body. It plays a key role in whole-body energy status and metabolism; it not only stores excess energy but also secretes various hormones and metabolites to regulate body energy balance. Healthy adipose tissue capable of expanding is needed for metabolic well-being and to prevent accumulation of triglycerides to other organs. Mitochondria govern several important functions in the adipose tissue. We review the derangements of mitochondrial function in white adipose tissue in the obese state. Downregulation of mitochondrial function or biogenesis in the white adipose tissue is a central driver for obesity-associated metabolic diseases. Mitochondrial functions compromised in obesity include oxidative functions and renewal and enlargement of the adipose tissue through recruitment and differentiation of adipocyte progenitor cells. These changes adversely affect whole-body metabolic health. Dysfunction of the white adipose tissue mitochondria in obesity has long-term consequences for the metabolism of adipose tissue and the whole body. Understanding the pathways behind mitochondrial dysfunction may help reveal targets for pharmacological or nutritional interventions that enhance mitochondrial biogenesis or function in adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sini Heinonen
- Obesity Research Unit, Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Riikka Jokinen
- Obesity Research Unit, Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Aila Rissanen
- Obesity Research Unit, Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Psychiatry, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kirsi H Pietiläinen
- Obesity Research Unit, Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Endocrinology, Abdominal Center, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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13
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Yang Q, Fu C, Zhang X, Zhang Z, Zou J, Xiao J, Ye Z. Adiponectin protects against uric acid‑induced renal tubular epithelial inflammatory responses via the AdipoR1/AMPK signaling pathway. Int J Mol Med 2019; 43:1542-1552. [PMID: 30664190 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2019.4072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Adiponectin (APN) exerts anti‑inflammatory effects in various cells. Uric acid (UA) induces inflammation in proximal renal tubular epithelial cells (PTECs). It remains unknown whether APN protects against UA‑induced inflammation. In the present study, human PTECs were incubated with 100 µg/ml soluble (S) UA in the presence or absence of globular (g) APN, APN receptor 1 (AdipoR1)‑short hairpin RNA lentivirus or compound C. Reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‑qPCR) assays were performed to assess APN mRNA expression. Immunoblotting was used to assess the protein expression of APN, AdipoR1, NACHT, leucine rich repeat and pyrin domain‑containing protein 3 (NLRP3) and the activation of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) α and adenosine monophosphate‑activated protein kinase (AMPK). ELISA analyses were performed to assess supernatant levels of interleukin (IL)‑1β and TNFα. It was observed that SUA significantly enhanced APN mRNA and protein expression (both P<0.05) and increased NLRP3 (P<0.001) and TNFα (P<0.05) protein levels, as well as supernatant levels of IL‑1β (P<0.01) and TNFα (P<0.001) compared with untreated cells. gAPN administration significantly limited TNFα synthesis and secretion (both P<0.001), significantly decreased IL‑1β release (P<0.01), impacted NLRP3 protein expression and augmented AdipoR1 protein (P<0.01) and AMPK phosphorylation (P<0.05) levels compared with SUA‑treated cells. AdipoR1 knockdown significantly promoted the synthesis (P<0.05) and release of TNFα (P<0.001), significantly increased IL‑1β supernatant levels (P<0.01) and exhibited little influence on NLRP3 production (P>0.05) compared with the SUA‑treated cells. Secreted TNFα levels were significantly increased upon the inhibition of AMPK (P<0.05) and protein levels of IL‑1β, NLRP3 and TNFα in cell lysates were not significantly affected (P>0.05). In summary, the data demonstrated that SUA promoted APN expression in PTECs and that gAPN attenuated SUA‑induced inflammation through the AdipoR1/AMPK signaling pathway. AdipoR1 knockdown and AMPK inactivation increased SUA‑induced inflammatory damage in PTECs. These findings may help to further understand and regulate UA‑associated inflammation in proximal renal tubules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingmei Yang
- Department of Nephrology, Huadong Hospital Affiliated with Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
| | - Chensheng Fu
- Department of Nephrology, Huadong Hospital Affiliated with Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Huadong Hospital Affiliated with Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
| | - Zhenxing Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Huadong Hospital Affiliated with Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
| | - Jianan Zou
- Department of Nephrology, Huadong Hospital Affiliated with Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
| | - Jing Xiao
- Department of Nephrology, Huadong Hospital Affiliated with Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
| | - Zhibin Ye
- Department of Nephrology, Huadong Hospital Affiliated with Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
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Antidiabetic‐Like Effects of Naringenin‐7‐O‐glucoside from EdibleChrysanthemum‘Kotobuki’ and Naringenin by Activation of the PI3K/Akt Pathway and PPARγ. Chem Biodivers 2018; 16:e1800434. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201800434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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15
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Zhao Q, Liu Y, Tan L, Yan L, Zuo X. Adiponectin administration alleviates DSS-induced colonic inflammation in Caco-2 cells and mice. Inflamm Res 2018; 67:663-670. [PMID: 29766204 PMCID: PMC6028846 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-018-1155-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Revised: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adiponectin, a protein hormone produced by adipose tissues, exhibits anti-inflammatory functions in various models. This study was investigated the effects of adiponectin on dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-colonic injury, inflammation, apoptosis, and intestinal barrier dysfunction in Caco-2 cell and mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS The results showed that DSS caused inflammatory response and intestinal barrier dysfunction in vitro and in vivo. Adiponectin injection alleviated colonic injury and rectal bleeding in mice. Meanwhile, adiponectin downregulated colonic IL-1β and TNF-α expressions and regulated apoptosis relative genes to attenuate DSS-induced colonic inflammation and apoptosis. Adiponectin markedly reduced serum lipopolysaccharide concentration, a biomarker for intestinal integrity, and enhanced colonic expression of tight junctions (ZO-1 and occludin). The in vitro data further demonstrated that adiponectin alleviated DSS-induced proinflammatory cytokines production and the increased permeability in Caco-2 cells. CONCLUSION Adiponectin plays a beneficial role in DSS-induced inflammation via alleviating apoptosis and improving intestinal barrier integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Taian City Central Hospital, Taian, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Medicine, Beijing 316 Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Tan
- Department of Cerebral Surgery, Taian City Central Hospital, Taian, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Liyong Yan
- Department of Stomatology, Taian City Central Hospital, Taian, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuli Zuo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua West Road, Jinan, 250012, People's Republic of China.
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Xu X, Mishra B, Qin N, Sun X, Zhang S, Yang J, Xu R. Differential Transcriptome Analysis of Early Postnatal Developing Longissimus Dorsi Muscle from Two Pig Breeds Characterized in Divergent Myofiber Traits and Fatness. Anim Biotechnol 2018; 30:63-74. [PMID: 29471750 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2018.1437045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Meat quality traits (MQTs) are very important in the porcine industry, which are mainly determined by skeletal muscle fiber composition, extra-muscular and/or intramuscular fat content. To identify the differentially expressed candidate genes affecting the meat quality traits, first we compared the MQTs and skeletal muscle fiber characteristics in the longissimus dorsi muscle (LDM) of the Northeast Min pig (NM) and the Changbaishan wild boar (CW) with their body weight approaching 90 kg. The significant divergences in the skeletal muscle fiber phenotypes and fatness traits between the two porcine breeds established an ideal model system for further identifying potential key functional genes that dominated MQTs. Further, a transcriptome profile analysis was performed using the Illumina sequencing method in early postnatal developing LDM from the two breeds at the ages of 42 days. Comparative analysis between these two cDNA libraries showed that there were 17,653 and 22,049 unambiguous tag-mapped sense transcripts detected from NM and CW, respectively. 4522 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were revealed between the two tissue samples, of them, 4176 genes were found as having been upregulated and 346 genes were identified as having been downregulated in the NM library. By pathway enrichment analysis, a set of significantly enriched pathways were identified for the DEGs, which are potentially involved in myofiber development, differentiation and growth, lipogenesis and lipolysis in porcine skeletal muscle. The expression levels of 30 out of the DEGs were validated by real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR (qRT-PCR) and the observed result was consistent noticeably with the Illumina transcriptome profiles. The findings from this study can contribute to future investigations of skeletal muscle growth and development mechanism and to establishing molecular approaches to improve meat quality traits in pig breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxing Xu
- a Department of Human Nutrition, Food, and Animal Sciences , University of Hawaii at Manoa , Honolulu , HI , USA
| | - Birendra Mishra
- a Department of Human Nutrition, Food, and Animal Sciences , University of Hawaii at Manoa , Honolulu , HI , USA
| | - Ning Qin
- b College of Animal Science and Technology , Jilin Agricultural University , Changchun , China
| | - Xue Sun
- b College of Animal Science and Technology , Jilin Agricultural University , Changchun , China
| | - Shumin Zhang
- c Institute of Pig Science , Academy of Agricultural Sciences of Jilin Province , Gongzhuling , China
| | - Jinzeng Yang
- a Department of Human Nutrition, Food, and Animal Sciences , University of Hawaii at Manoa , Honolulu , HI , USA
| | - Rifu Xu
- b College of Animal Science and Technology , Jilin Agricultural University , Changchun , China
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Saavedra-García P, Nichols K, Mahmud Z, Fan LYN, Lam EWF. Unravelling the role of fatty acid metabolism in cancer through the FOXO3-FOXM1 axis. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2018; 462:82-92. [PMID: 28087388 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2017.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2016] [Revised: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Obesity and cachexia represent divergent states of nutritional and metabolic imbalance but both are intimately linked to cancer. There is an extensive overlap in their signalling pathways and molecular components involved such as fatty acids (FAs), which likely play a crucial role in cancer. Forkhead box (FOX) proteins are responsible of a wide range of transcriptional programmes during normal development, and the FOXO3-FOXM1 axis is associated with cancer initiation, progression and drug resistance. Free fatty acids (FFAs), FA synthesis and β-oxidation are associated with cancer development and progression. Meanwhile, insulin and some adipokines, that are up-regulated by FAs, are also involved in cancer development and poor prognosis. In this review, we discuss the role of FA metabolism in cancer and how FA metabolism integrates with the FOXO3-FOXM1 axis. These new insights may provide leads to better cancer diagnostics as well as strategies for tackling cancer development, progression and drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Saavedra-García
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Katie Nichols
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Zimam Mahmud
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Lavender Yuen-Nam Fan
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Eric W-F Lam
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, W12 0NN, UK.
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18
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Wang SJ, Lu WY, Liu KY. Adiponectin receptor agonist AdipoRon suppresses adipogenesis in C3H10T1/2 cells through the adenosine monophosphate‑activated protein kinase signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:7163-7169. [PMID: 28901521 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of AdipoRon, an adiponectin receptor agonist, on adipogenesis in C3H10T1/2 cells and to explore the underlying mechanisms. C3H10T1/2 cells were treated with increasing doses of AdipoRon for 8 days, and Oil Red O staining was used to assess lipid accumulation. The protein and mRNA expression levels of adipogenic transcription factors and adipocyte‑specific genes were examined by western blotting and reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction, respectively. AdipoRon treatment inhibited lipid accumulation in C3H10T1/2 cells in a dose‑dependent manner and significantly suppressed the expression of adipogenic transcription factors, including peroxisome proliferator‑activated receptor γ, CAAT/enhancer binding protein (C/EBP)‑β and C/EBPα. In addition, cells treated with AdipoRon exhibited a significant decrease in the expression of adipocyte‑specific genes, including fatty acid binding protein 4, fatty acid synthase, leptin, adiponectin, and stearoyl‑CoA desaturase‑1. Notably, AdipoRon significantly increased the phosphorylation of adenosine monophosphate‑activated protein kinase (AMPK) and acetyl‑CoA carboxylase (ACC). The results indicated that AdipoRon exerted an inhibitory effect on adipogenesis in C3H10T1/2 cells by downregulating the expression of adipogenic transcription factors and adipocyte‑specific genes and by promoting the phosphorylation of AMPK and ACC, which suggested that AdipoRon may be a potential drug to prevent and treat diseases caused by abnormal adipogenesis, such as obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Juan Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Peking University People's Hospital and Institute of Hematology, Beijing 100044, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Yi Lu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Peking University People's Hospital and Institute of Hematology, Beijing 100044, P.R. China
| | - Kai-Yan Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Peking University People's Hospital and Institute of Hematology, Beijing 100044, P.R. China
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Sun S, Wang R, Song J, Guan M, Li N, Zhang X, Zhao Z, Zhang J. Blocking gp130 signaling suppresses autotaxin expression in adipocytes and improves insulin sensitivity in diet-induced obesity. J Lipid Res 2017; 58:2102-2113. [PMID: 28874440 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m075655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Revised: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Autotaxin (ATX), which is highly expressed and secreted by adipocytes, functions as the key enzyme to generate lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) from lysophosphatidylcholine. Adipose tissue is the main source of circulating ATX that modulates plasma LPA levels. Upregulation of ATX expression in obese patients and mice is closely related with insulin resistance and impaired glucose tolerance. However, the mechanism of ATX expression in adipocytes remains largely unknown. In this study, we found that glycoprotein 130 (gp130)-mediated Janus kinase (JAK)-signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) activation was required for abundant ATX expression in adipocytes. Through gp130, the interleukin 6 (IL-6) family cytokines, such as IL-6, leukemia inhibitory factor, cardiotrophin-1, and ciliary neurotrophic factor, upregulated ATX expression in adipocytes. ATX contributes to the induction of insulin resistance and lipolysis in IL-6-stimulated adipocytes. Oral administration of gp130 inhibitor SC144 suppressed ATX expression in adipose tissue, decreased plasma ATX, LPA, and FFA levels, and significantly improved insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance in high-fat diet-fed obese mice. In summary, our results indicate that the activation of gp130-JAK-STAT3 pathway by IL-6 family cytokines has an important role in regulating ATX expression in adipocytes and that gp130 is a promising target in the management of obesity-associated glucose metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhong Sun
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Ran Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Jianwen Song
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Ming Guan
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Na Li
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xiaotian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Zhenwen Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Junjie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
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20
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Wu J, Xu G, Cai W, Huang Y, Xie N, Shen Y, Xie L. The association of two polymorphisms in adiponectin-encoding gene with hypertension risk and the changes of circulating adiponectin and blood pressure: A meta-analysis. Oncotarget 2017; 8:14636-14645. [PMID: 28099908 PMCID: PMC5362431 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives This meta-analysis was prepared to synthesize published data on the association of two polymorphisms (T45G and G276T) in adiponectin-encoding gene (ADIPOQ) with hypertension risk and the changes of circulating adiponectin and blood pressure. Methodology and Major Findings Data were collected and corrected by two authors, and were managed with Stata software. In total, 12 articles were synthesized, including 12 studies (3358 cases and 5121 controls) for the association of two study polymorphisms with hypertension risk and 11 studies (3053 subjects) for the between-genotype changes of adiponectin and/or blood pressure. Based on all qualified studies, the risk prediction for hypertension was nonsignificant for both polymorphisms, with significant heterogeneity for G276T polymorphism (I2 = 53.8%). Overall changes in adiponectin and blood pressure were also nonsignificant for T45G, while contrastingly 276GT genotype was associated with significantly higher levels of adiponectin (weighted mean difference [WMD] = 0.72 μg/mL, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.04 to 1.41, P = 0.038), systolic (WMD = 5.15 mm Hg, 95% CI: 0.98 to 9.32, P = 0.016) and diastolic (WMD = 3.45 mm Hg, 95% CI: 0.37 to 6.53, P = 0.028) blood pressure with evident heterogeneity (I2 = 72.0%, 78.3% and 80.0%, respectively), and these associations were more obvious in hypertensive patients. Publication bias was a low probability event for overall comparisons. Conclusions Our findings suggested that in spite of the nonsignificant association between ADIPOQ T45G or G276T polymorphism and hypertension, the heterozygous mutation of G276T was observed to account for increased levels of circulating adiponectin and blood pressure, especially in hypertensive patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianmin Wu
- Department of Cadre's Ward, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Guoyan Xu
- Department of Cadre's Ward, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Wenqin Cai
- Department of Cadre's Ward, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yun Huang
- Department of Cadre's Ward, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Ningyu Xie
- Department of Cadre's Ward, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yihua Shen
- Department of Cadre's Ward, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Liangdi Xie
- Department of Cadre's Ward, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
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21
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Moreira CCL, Lourenço FC, Mario ÉG, Santos RAS, Botion LM, Chaves VE. Long-term effects of angiotensin-(1-7) on lipid metabolism in the adipose tissue and liver. Peptides 2017; 92:16-22. [PMID: 28438644 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2017.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Revised: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The angiotensin (Ang) converting enzyme 2/Ang-(1-7)/Mas axis has been described to have a beneficial role on metabolic disorders. In the present study, the use of a transgenic rat model that chronically overexpresses Ang-(1-7) enabled us to investigate the chronic effects of this peptide on lipid accumulation in the liver and adipose tissue. The transgenic group showed a marked tendency toward increased expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) and decreased lipoprotein lipase (LPL) expression and activity in epididymal adipose tissue. We also showed that Mas receptor-knockout mice had decreased PPARγ expression in adipose tissue, accompanied by an increase in LPL activity. These results confirm the regulation of adipose tissue LPL activity by Ang-(1-7) and suggest that this occurs independent of PPARγ expression. The reduced adiposity index of transgenic rats, due to the effect of Ang-(1-7), was accompanied by a decrease in lipogenesis. These findings suggest a direct effect of Ang-(1-7) on lipogenesis, independent of the stimulatory effect of insulin. Furthermore, the decreased concentration of triacylglycerol in the liver of transgenic rats may result from increased activity of cytosolic lipases and decreased fatty acid uptake from the adipose tissue, determined from fatty acid-binding protein expression, and hepatic de novo fatty acid synthesis, evaluated by fatty acid synthase expression. The data clearly show that Ang-(1-7) regulates lipid metabolism in the adipose tissue and liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Campos Lima Moreira
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Fabíola Cesário Lourenço
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Érica Guilhen Mario
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Robson Augusto Souza Santos
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Leida Maria Botion
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Valéria Ernestânia Chaves
- Laboratory of Physiology, Federal University of São João del-Rei, Divinópolis, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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22
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Yang G, Qin C, Wang B, Jia J, Yuan X, Sun C, Li W. Molecular identification and functional analysis of Ctrp9 in Epinephelus coioides. J Mol Endocrinol 2017; 58:179-191. [PMID: 28283578 DOI: 10.1530/jme-16-0171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
CTRP9 is a member of the C1q/TNF-related protein (CTRP) superfamily and has been studied in mammals, whereas the comparative studies of CTRP9 in non-mammalian species are still absent. In this study, ctrp9 was isolated and characterized from the orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides). The full-length cDNA of ctrp9 was 1378 bp in size with an ORF (open reading frame) of 1020 bp that encodes a 339 amino acid pre-pro hormone. The mRNA expression of ctrp9 showed a rather high level in the kidney and brain, but a low level in other tissues. Furthermore, the mRNA expression of ctrp9 decreased significantly in the liver after fasting for 7 days and restored to the normal levels after refeeding. In contrast, the ctrp9 mRNA level increased in the hypothalamus after fasting. The recombinant gCtrp9 (globular Ctrp9) was prepared using the Pichia pastoris expression system and was verified by Western blot as well as mass spectrometry assays. In the primary hepatocytes culture, the recombinant gCtrp9 could inhibit the glucose production after 12-h treatment. After i.p. (intraperitoneal) injection with recombinant gCtrp9, in hypothalamus, mRNA expression levels of npy and orexin (orexigenic factors) decreased, whereas the expression levels of crh and pomc (anorexigenic factors) increased. Moreover, i.p. injection with the recombinant gCtrp9 could reduce the serum concentrations of glucose, TG and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol but increase the content of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Our studies for the first time unveil the structure of Ctrp9 and its potential role as a regulatory factor of metabolism and food intake in teleost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guokun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of BiocontrolInstitute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, South China Sea Bio-Resource Exploitation and Collaborative Innovation Center, Research Institute of Sun Yat-Sen University in Shen Zhen, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaobin Qin
- State Key Laboratory of BiocontrolInstitute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, South China Sea Bio-Resource Exploitation and Collaborative Innovation Center, Research Institute of Sun Yat-Sen University in Shen Zhen, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of BiocontrolInstitute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, South China Sea Bio-Resource Exploitation and Collaborative Innovation Center, Research Institute of Sun Yat-Sen University in Shen Zhen, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jirong Jia
- State Key Laboratory of BiocontrolInstitute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, South China Sea Bio-Resource Exploitation and Collaborative Innovation Center, Research Institute of Sun Yat-Sen University in Shen Zhen, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of BiocontrolInstitute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, South China Sea Bio-Resource Exploitation and Collaborative Innovation Center, Research Institute of Sun Yat-Sen University in Shen Zhen, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Caiyun Sun
- State Key Laboratory of BiocontrolInstitute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, South China Sea Bio-Resource Exploitation and Collaborative Innovation Center, Research Institute of Sun Yat-Sen University in Shen Zhen, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Wensheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of BiocontrolInstitute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, South China Sea Bio-Resource Exploitation and Collaborative Innovation Center, Research Institute of Sun Yat-Sen University in Shen Zhen, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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Fan LYN, Saavedra-García P, Lam EWF. Dataset of the human homologues and orthologues of lipid-metabolic genes identified as DAF-16 targets their roles in lipid and energy metabolism. Data Brief 2017; 11:606-610. [PMID: 28349111 PMCID: PMC5358523 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2017.02.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Revised: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The data presented in this article are related to the review article entitled ‘Unravelling the role of fatty acid metabolism in cancer through the FOXO3-FOXM1 axis’ (Saavedra-Garcia et al., 2017) [24]. Here, we have matched the DAF-16/FOXO3 downstream genes with their respective human orthologues and reviewed the roles of these targeted genes in FA metabolism. The list of genes listed in this article are precisely selected from literature reviews based on their functions in mammalian FA metabolism. The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans gene orthologues of the genes are obtained from WormBase, the online biological database of C. elegans. This dataset has not been uploaded to a public repository yet.
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Key Words
- ACAA2, Acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase 2
- ACACA, Acetyl-CoA carboxylase
- ACAD8, Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase family member 8
- ACADM, Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase C4 to C12 straight chain
- ACOX, Acyl-CoA oxidase
- ACSL3/4, Acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 3/4
- ACSS, Acyl-CoA synthetase short-chain family member
- CPT2, Carnitine palmitoyltransferase II
- Caenorhabditis elegans
- DAF-16
- DAG, Diacylglycerol
- DGAT, Diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase
- ECHS1, Short-chain enoyl-CoA hydratase 1
- ELOVL1, Elongation of very long chain fatty acids protein 1
- FA, fatty acid
- FADS2, Fatty acid desaturase 2
- FASN, Fatty acid synthase
- FATP4, Fatty acid transport protein 4
- FOX, Forkhead box
- FOXM1
- FOXO3
- HADH, Hydroxyacyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase
- HADHA, Hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase/3-Ketoacyl-CoA thiolase/Enoyl-CoA hydratase, alpha subunit
- LCFA, Long chain fatty acid
- Lipid metabolism
- MLYCD, Malonyl-CoA decarboxylase
- MOGAT1/2, Monoacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1/2
- PNPLA, patatin like phospholipase domain containing
- PUFA, polyunsaturated fatty acid
- SCD1/5, Stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1/5
- TAG, triacylglycerol
- TCA, Tricarboxylic acid
- VLCFA, Very long chain fatty acid.
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Nishimoto H, Yamamoto A, Furukawa S, Wakisaka S, Maeda T. C1q/TNF-related protein 3 expression and effects on adipocyte differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells. Cell Biol Int 2016; 41:197-203. [PMID: 27590487 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 08/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Adipose tissue-derived adipokines influence a number of organs critical for energy homeostasis and metabolism. One of the most extensively studied adipokines is adiponectin, which exerts anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-atherogenic functions on various cell types. CTRP3, a paralog of adiponectin, is a member of the C1q and tumor necrosis factor-related protein (CTRP) superfamily. CTRP3 reduces hepatic triglyceride levels in diet-induced obese (DIO) mice. However, the physiological role of CTRP3 in adipocytes is largely unknown. In the course of our investigation of expression profiles of CTRPs during adipocyte differentiation, we found that CTRP3 expression pattern is different from that previously reported. Therefore, we examined the effect of CTRP3 on adipogenesis using 3T3-L1 cells. The expression level of CTRP3 was markedly decreased during the differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells. Recombinant CTRP3 (rCTRP3) treatment significantly reduced intracellular lipid content and decreased expression of adipogenic marker genes such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), CCAAT/enhancer binding protein alpha (C/EBPα), adiponectin, and fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4) in 3T3-L1 cells. Furthermore, rCTRP3 induced the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) and Akt in differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes. These results suggest that CTRP3 may negatively regulate lipid metabolism during adipocyte differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Nishimoto
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, 1-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Akihiro Yamamoto
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, 1-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Souhei Furukawa
- Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Satoshi Wakisaka
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, 1-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Takashi Maeda
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, 1-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
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Yang A, Zhang H, Sun Y, Wang Y, Yang X, Yang X, Zhang H, Guo W, Zhu G, Tian J, Jia Y, Jiang Y. Modulation of FABP4 hypomethylation by DNMT1 and its inverse interaction with miR-148a/152 in the placenta of preeclamptic rats and HTR-8 cells. Placenta 2016; 46:49-62. [PMID: 27697222 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2016.08.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2016] [Revised: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation and dysregulated lipid metabolism are involved in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia, and fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4) is known to regulate both inflammation and lipid metabolism. In the present study, we elucidated the role of FABP4 using in vitro and in vivo models of preclampsia. We found increased expression of FABP4 in the placenta of preeclamptic rats, which was further confirmed in HTR-8 cells, an extravillous trophoblast cell line, treated with L-NAME. Overexpression of FABP4 in HTR-8 cells resulted in upregulated expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF-α, and increased lipid accumulation, suggesting that FABP4 plays a role in preeclampsia. Furthermore, downregulation of methylation in the promotor resulted in increased FABP4 expression, which was mediated by downregulated DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1). Bioinformatics analysis showed that miR-148a/152 regulated the expression of DNMT1, and additional in vitro studies revealed that miR-148a/152 inhibited DNMT1 expression by directly binding to its 3'-UTR. Interestingly, DNMT1 enhanced the expression of miR-148a/152 by downregulation of methylation in its promotor. Taken together, our results showed that FABP4 may be involved in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia, and the expression of FABP4 is enhanced by miR-148a/152 mediated inhibition of DNMT1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anning Yang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China; West China School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Huiping Zhang
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center of Ningxia Medical University General Hospital, Yinchuan, China; Ningxia Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Yinchuan, China
| | - Yue Sun
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China; State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanhua Wang
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center of Ningxia Medical University General Hospital, Yinchuan, China
| | - Xiaoming Yang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China; Ningxia Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Yinchuan, China
| | - Xiaoling Yang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China; Ningxia Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Yinchuan, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Guangrong Zhu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Jue Tian
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China; Ningxia Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Yinchuan, China
| | - Yuexia Jia
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China; Ningxia Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Yinchuan, China
| | - Yideng Jiang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China; Ningxia Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Yinchuan, China.
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Ramos-Ramírez P, Malmhäll C, Johansson K, Lötvall J, Bossios A. Weight Gain Alters Adiponectin Receptor 1 Expression on Adipose Tissue-Resident Helios+ Regulatory T Cells. Scand J Immunol 2016; 83:244-54. [PMID: 26900653 DOI: 10.1111/sji.12419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2016] [Accepted: 02/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Adipose tissue produces multiple mediators that modulate the immune response. Adiponectin is an adipocyte-derived cytokine that exhibits metabolic and anti-inflammatory effects. Adiponectin acts through binding to adiponectin receptor 1 and 2 (AdipoR1/AdipoR2). AdipoR1 is ubiquitously expressed, whereas AdipoR2 is restricted to skeletal muscle and liver. AdipoR1 expression has been reported on a small percentage of T cells; nevertheless, it is still unknown whether Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells (Tregs) express AdipoR1. Recently, it has been shown that Tregs accumulate in adipose tissue and that they play a potential role in modulating adipose tissue inflammation. Our aim was to evaluate AdipoR1 expression in adipose tissue-resident Tregs and to evaluate the effect of weight gain on this expression. Male C57BL/6 mice were fed with a high-fat diet for 14 weeks (to develop overweight) or 21 weeks (to develop obesity). Mice on a standard diet were used as age-matched controls. Helios expression was evaluated as a marker to discriminate thymic-derived from peripherally induced Tregs. The majority of Tregs in both adipose tissue and the spleen expressed Helios. Adipose tissue Tregs expressed higher levels of AdipoR1 than Tregs in the spleen. AdipoR1 expression on adipose tissue Helios(+) Tregs was negatively correlated with epididymal fat. Overall, we show that AdipoR1 is expressed on adipose tissue-resident Tregs, mainly Helios(+) Tregs, and that this expression is dependent on weight and fat accumulation. Because both adiponectin and Tregs play roles in anti-inflammatory mechanisms, our data propose a new mechanism through which weight gain might alter immunoregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Ramos-Ramírez
- Krefting Research Centre, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - C Malmhäll
- Krefting Research Centre, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - K Johansson
- Krefting Research Centre, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - J Lötvall
- Krefting Research Centre, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - A Bossios
- Krefting Research Centre, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Piekarski A, Decuypere E, Buyse J, Dridi S. Chenodeoxycholic acid reduces feed intake and modulates the expression of hypothalamic neuropeptides and hepatic lipogenic genes in broiler chickens. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2016; 229:74-83. [PMID: 26965947 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2016.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Revised: 02/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/06/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Bile acids have recently become an emerging research hot spot in mammals due to their roles as metabolic regulators and molecular signatures controlling whole-body metabolic homeostasis. Such effects are still unknown in avian (non-mammalian) species. We, therefore, undertook this study to determine the effect of chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) on growth performance and on the expression of hypothalamic neuropeptides and hepatic lipogenic genes in broiler chickens. Chickens fed with diet-containing 0.1% or 0.5% CDCA for two weeks exhibited a significant and a dose dependent reduction of feed intake and body weight compared to the control (standard diet). These changes were accompanied with a significant decrease in plasma glucose levels at d10 and d15 post-treatment. At molecular levels, CDCA treatment significantly up-regulated the expression of feeding-related hypothalamic neuropeptides (NPY, AgRP, ORX, CRH, Ghrl, and MC1R) and down-regulated the hypothalamic expression of SOCS3. CDCA treatment also decreased the mRNA levels of key hepatic lipogenic genes (FAS, ACCα, ME, ATPcl, and SCD-1) and their related transcription factors SREBP-1/2 and PPARα. In addition, CDCA reduced the hepatic expression of FXR and the adipokine, visfatin, and adiponectin genes compared to the control. Together, our data provide evidence that CDCA alters growth performances in broilers and modulates the expression of hypothalamic neuropeptides and hepatic lipogenic and adipocytokine genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alissa Piekarski
- Center of Excellence for Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, United States
| | - Eddy Decuypere
- Division of Livestock-Nutrition-Quality, KUL, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Johan Buyse
- Division of Livestock-Nutrition-Quality, KUL, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sami Dridi
- Center of Excellence for Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, United States.
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Genetic variants in adiponectin and blood pressure responses to dietary sodium or potassium interventions: a family-based association study. J Hum Hypertens 2016; 30:563-70. [PMID: 27011258 PMCID: PMC4981730 DOI: 10.1038/jhh.2016.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2015] [Revised: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that genetic factors might have an important role in blood pressure (BP) responses to dietary salt or potassium intake. The aim of this study was to assess the association of common genetic variants of the adiponectin gene with BP responses to controlled dietary sodium or potassium interventions. Subjects (n=334) from 124 families in rural areas of Northern China were recruited. After a 3-day baseline observation, participants sequentially maintained a 7-day low-sodium diet (NaCl, 3 g per day; or sodium, 51.3 mmol per day), followed by a 7-day high-sodium diet (NaCl, 18 g per day; or sodium, 307.8 mmol per day) and a 7-day high-sodium plus potassium supplementation intervention (KCl, 4.5 g per day; or potassium, 60 mmol per day). A total of seven single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the adiponectin gene were selected as the study sites. After adjustment for multiple testing, the adiponectin SNP rs16861205 was significantly associated with the diastolic BP (DBP) response to low-salt intervention, and the DBP and mean arterial pressure (MAP) responses to high-salt intervention (P=0.028, 0.023 and 0.027, respectively). SNP rs822394 was associated with the DBP and MAP responses to low-salt intervention and the DBP response to high-salt intervention (P=0.023, 0.030 and 0.033 respectively). Meanwhile, significant association also existed between SNP rs16861194 and the systolic BP response to potassium supplementation intervention (P=0.026). In addition, SNP rs822394 was significantly associated with basal DBP after adjustment for multiple testing (P=0.033). Our study indicated that the genetic polymorphisms in the adiponectin gene are significantly associated with BP responses to dietary sodium and potassium intake.
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Gender difference in plasma fatty-acid-binding protein 4 levels in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Biosci Rep 2016; 36:e00302. [PMID: 26823558 PMCID: PMC4770303 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20150281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Plasma FABP4 levels were higher in females with COPD compared with both males with COPD and healthy females. FABP4 levels correlated inversely with lung function, and positively with adiponectin and TNFα in COPD. COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) is characterized by airway inflammation and increases the likelihood of the development of atherosclerosis. Recent studies have indicated that FABP4 (fatty-acid-binding protein 4), an intracellular lipid chaperone of low molecular mass, plays an important role in the regulation of inflammation and atherosclerosis. We carried out a preliminary clinical study aiming at investigating the relationships between circulating FABP4 levels in patients with COPD and inflammation and lung function. We enrolled 50 COPD patients and 39 healthy controls in the study. Lung function tests were performed in all subjects. Plasma levels of FABP4 and adiponectin, TNFα (tumour necrosis factor α) and CRP (C-reactive protein) were measured. The correlations between FABP4 and lung function, adipokine (adiponectin), inflammatory factors and BMI (body mass index) were analysed. Compared with both males with COPD and healthy females, plasma FABP4 levels in females with COPD were significantly increased. Adiponectin and CRP levels were significantly higher in patients with COPD. Furthermore, we found that FABP4 levels were inversely correlated with FEV1% predicted (FEV1 is forced expiratory volume in 1 s) and positively correlated with adiponectin and TNFα in COPD patients. In addition, a positive correlation between plasma FABP4 and CRP was found in females with COPD. However, FABP4 levels were not correlated with BMI. Our results underline a gender difference in FABP4 secretion in stable COPD patients. Further studies are warranted to clarify the exact role of FABP4 in the pathogenesis of COPD.
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Chronic Mild Cold Conditioning Modulates the Expression of Hypothalamic Neuropeptide and Intermediary Metabolic-Related Genes and Improves Growth Performances in Young Chicks. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0142319. [PMID: 26569484 PMCID: PMC4646505 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0142319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low environmental temperatures are among the most challenging stressors in poultry industries. Although landmark studies using acute severe cold exposure have been conducted, still the molecular mechanisms underlying cold-stress responses in birds are not completely defined. In the present study we determine the effect of chronic mild cold conditioning (CMCC) on growth performances and on the expression of key metabolic-related genes in three metabolically important tissues: brain (main site for feed intake control), liver (main site for lipogenesis) and muscle (main site for thermogenesis). METHODS 80 one-day old male broiler chicks were divided into two weight-matched groups and maintained in two different temperature floor pen rooms (40 birds/room). The temperature of control room was 32°C, while the cold room temperature started at 26.7°C and gradually reduced every day (1°C/day) to reach 19.7°C at the seventh day of the experiment. At day 7, growth performances were recorded (from all birds) and blood samples and tissues were collected (n = 10). The rest of birds were maintained at the same standard environmental condition for two more weeks and growth performances were measured. RESULTS Although feed intake remained unchanged, body weight gain was significantly increased in CMCC compared to the control chicks resulting in a significant low feed conversion ratio (FCR). Circulating cholesterol and creatine kinase levels were higher in CMCC chicks compared to the control group (P<0.05). CMCC significantly decreased the expression of both the hypothalamic orexigenic neuropeptide Y (NPY) and anorexigenic cocaine and amphetamine regulated transcript (CART) in chick brain which may explain the similar feed intake between the two groups. Compared to the control condition, CMCC increased the mRNA abundance of AMPKα1/α2 and decreased mTOR gene expression (P<0.05), the master energy and nutrient sensors, respectively. It also significantly decreased the expression of fatty acid synthase (FAS) gene in chick brain compared to the control. Although their roles are still unknown in avian species, adiponectin (Adpn) and its related receptors (AdipoR1 and 2) were down regulated in the brain of CMCC compared to control chicks (P<0.05). In the liver, CMCC significantly down regulated the expression of lipogenic genes namely FAS, acetyl-CoA carboxylase alpha (ACCα) and malic enzyme (ME) and their related transcription factors sterol regulatory element binding protein 1/2 (SREBP-1 and 2). Hepatic mTOR mRNA levels and phosphorylated mTOR at Ser2448 were down regulated (P<0.05), however phosphorylated ACCαSer79 (inactivation) was up regulated (P<0.05) in CMCC compared to control chicks, indicating that CMCC switch hepatic catabolism on and inhibits hepatic lipogenesis. In the muscle however, CMCC significantly up regulated the expression of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT-1) gene and the mRNA and phosphorylated protein levels of mTOR compared to the control chicks, indicating that CMCC enhanced muscle fatty acid β-oxidation. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, this is the first report indicating that CMCC may regulate AMPK-mTOR expression in a tissue specific manner and identifying AMPK-mTOR as a potential molecular signature that controls cellular fatty acid utilization (inhibition of hepatic lipogenesis and induction of muscle fatty acid β-oxidation) to enhance growth performance during mild cold acclimation.
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