1
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Choa R, Panaroni C, Bhatia R, Raje N. It is worth the weight: obesity and the transition from monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance to multiple myeloma. Blood Adv 2023; 7:5510-5523. [PMID: 37493975 PMCID: PMC10515310 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2023010822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The overweight/obesity epidemic is a serious public health concern that affects >40% of adults globally and increases the risk of numerous chronic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes, heart disease, and various cancers. Multiple myeloma (MM) is a lymphohematopoietic cancer caused by the uncontrolled clonal expansion of plasma cells. Recent studies have shown that obesity is a risk factor not only for MM but also monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), a precursor disease state of MM. Furthermore, obesity may promote the transition from MGUS to MM. Thus, in this review, we summarize the epidemiological evidence regarding the role of obesity in MM and MGUS, discuss the biologic mechanisms that drive these disease processes, and detail the obesity-targeted pharmacologic and lifestyle interventions that may reduce the risk of progression from MGUS to MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Choa
- Center for Multiple Myeloma, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Cristina Panaroni
- Center for Multiple Myeloma, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Roma Bhatia
- Center for Multiple Myeloma, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Noopur Raje
- Center for Multiple Myeloma, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
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2
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Nakaue E, Teramachi J, Tenshin H, Hiasa M, Harada T, Oda A, Inoue Y, Shimizu S, Higa Y, Sogabe K, Oura M, Hara T, Sumitani R, Maruhashi T, Yamagami H, Endo I, Tanaka E, Abe M. Mechanisms of preferential bone formation in myeloma bone lesions by proteasome inhibitors. Int J Hematol 2023:10.1007/s12185-023-03601-2. [PMID: 37039914 DOI: 10.1007/s12185-023-03601-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
Proteasome inhibitors (PIs) can preferentially restore bone in bone-defective lesions of patients with multiple myeloma (MM) who respond favorably to these drugs. Most prior in vitro studies on PIs used continuous exposure to low PI concentrations, although pharmacokinetic analysis in patients has shown that serum concentrations of PIs change in a pulsatile manner. In the present study, we explored the effects of pulsatile treatment with PIs on bone metabolism to simulate in vivo PI pharmacokinetics. Pulsatile treatment with bortezomib, carfilzomib, or ixazomib induced MM cell death but only marginally affected the viability of osteoclasts (OCs) with F-actin ring formation. Pulsatile PI treatment suppressed osteoclastogenesis in OC precursors and bone resorption by mature OCs. OCs robustly enhanced osteoblastogenesis in cocultures with OCs and MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblastic cells, indicating OC-mediated coupling to osteoblastogenesis. Importantly, pulsatile PI treatment did not impair robust OC-mediated osteoblastogenesis. These results suggest that PIs might sufficiently reduce MM cell-derived osteoblastogenesis inhibitors to permit OC-driven bone formation coupling while suppressing OC differentiation and activity in good responders to PIs. OC-mediated coupling to osteoblastogenesis appears to be a predominant mechanism for preferential occurrence of bone regeneration at sites of osteoclastic bone destruction in good responders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emiko Nakaue
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Jumpei Teramachi
- Department of Oral Function and Anatomy, Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School, 2-5-1 Shikata, Okayama, 700-8525, Japan.
| | - Hirofumi Tenshin
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Masahiro Hiasa
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Takeshi Harada
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Asuka Oda
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Yusuke Inoue
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - So Shimizu
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Higa
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Kimiko Sogabe
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Masahiro Oura
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Tomoyo Hara
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Ryohei Sumitani
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Tomoko Maruhashi
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Hiroki Yamagami
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Itsuro Endo
- Department of Bioregulatory Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Eiji Tanaka
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Masahiro Abe
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan.
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3
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Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms Associating Obesity to Bone Loss. Cells 2023; 12:cells12040521. [PMID: 36831188 PMCID: PMC9954309 DOI: 10.3390/cells12040521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is an alarming disease that favors the upset of other illnesses and enhances mortality. It is spreading fast worldwide may affect more than 1 billion people by 2030. The imbalance between excessive food ingestion and less energy expenditure leads to pathological adipose tissue expansion, characterized by increased production of proinflammatory mediators with harmful interferences in the whole organism. Bone tissue is one of those target tissues in obesity. Bone is a mineralized connective tissue that is constantly renewed to maintain its mechanical properties. Osteoblasts are responsible for extracellular matrix synthesis, while osteoclasts resorb damaged bone, and the osteocytes have a regulatory role in this process, releasing growth factors and other proteins. A balanced activity among these actors is necessary for healthy bone remodeling. In obesity, several mechanisms may trigger incorrect remodeling, increasing bone resorption to the detriment of bone formation rates. Thus, excessive weight gain may represent higher bone fragility and fracture risk. This review highlights recent insights on the central mechanisms related to obesity-associated abnormal bone. Publications from the last ten years have shown that the main molecular mechanisms associated with obesity and bone loss involve: proinflammatory adipokines and osteokines production, oxidative stress, non-coding RNA interference, insulin resistance, and changes in gut microbiota. The data collection unveils new targets for prevention and putative therapeutic tools against unbalancing bone metabolism during obesity.
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4
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Tenshin H, Teramachi J, Ashtar M, Hiasa M, Inoue Y, Oda A, Tanimoto K, Shimizu S, Higa Y, Harada T, Oura M, Sogabe K, Hara T, Sumitani R, Maruhashi T, Sebe M, Tsutsumi R, Sakaue H, Endo I, Matsumoto T, Tanaka E, Abe M. TGF‐β‐activated kinase‐1 inhibitor LL‐Z1640‐2 reduces joint inflammation and bone destruction in mouse models of rheumatoid arthritis by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome, TACE, TNF‐α and RANKL expression. Clin Transl Immunology 2022; 11:e1371. [PMID: 35079379 PMCID: PMC8770968 DOI: 10.1002/cti2.1371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hirofumi Tenshin
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Tokushima Japan
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Tokushima Japan
| | - Jumpei Teramachi
- Department of Oral Function and Anatomy, Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Okayama University Okayama Japan
| | - Mohannad Ashtar
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Tokushima Japan
| | - Masahiro Hiasa
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Tokushima Japan
| | - Yusuke Inoue
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Tokushima Japan
| | - Asuka Oda
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Tokushima Japan
| | - Kotaro Tanimoto
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Tokushima Japan
| | - So Shimizu
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Tokushima Japan
| | - Yoshiki Higa
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Tokushima Japan
| | - Takeshi Harada
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Tokushima Japan
| | - Masahiro Oura
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Tokushima Japan
| | - Kimiko Sogabe
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Tokushima Japan
| | - Tomoyo Hara
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Tokushima Japan
| | - Ryohei Sumitani
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Tokushima Japan
| | - Tomoko Maruhashi
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Tokushima Japan
| | - Mayu Sebe
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolism Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Tokushima Japan
| | - Rie Tsutsumi
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolism Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Tokushima Japan
| | - Hiroshi Sakaue
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolism Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Tokushima Japan
| | - Itsuro Endo
- Department of Bioregulatory Sciences Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Tokushima Japan
| | - Toshio Matsumoto
- Fujii Memorial Institute of Medical Sciences Tokushima University Tokushima Japan
| | - Eiji Tanaka
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Tokushima Japan
| | - Masahiro Abe
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Tokushima Japan
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5
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YTHDF2 mediates LPS-induced osteoclastogenesis and inflammatory response via the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways. Cell Signal 2021; 85:110060. [PMID: 34089814 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2021.110060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Aberrant elevation of osteoclast differentiation and function is responsible for disrupting bone homeostasis in various inflammatory bone diseases. YTH domain family 2 (YTHDF2) is a well-known m6A-binding protein that plays an essential role in regulating cell differentiation and inflammatory processes by mediating mRNA degradation. However, the regulatory role of YTHDF2 in inflammatory osteoclast differentiation remains unelucidated. Here, we detected the expression of m6A-related genes and found that YTHDF2 was upregulated in RANKL-primed osteoclast precursors stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Ythdf2 knockdown in RAW264.7 cells and primary bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs) enhanced osteoclast formation and bone resorption, which was assessed by TRAP staining assay and pit formation assay. Ythdf2 depletion upregulated osteoclast-related gene expression and proinflammatory cytokine secretion. In contrast, overexpression of Ythdf2 produced the reverse effect. Furthermore, Ythdf2 knockdown enhanced the phosphorylation of IKKα/β, IκBα, ERK, P38 and JNK. NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathway inhibitors effectively abrogated the enhanced expression of Nfact1, c-Fos, IL-1β and TNF-α caused by Ythdf2 knockdown. Mechanistically, the mRNA stability assay revealed that Ythdf2 depletion led to stabilization of Tnfrsf11a, Traf6, Map4k4, Map2k3, Map2k4 and Nfatc1 mRNA. In summary, our findings demonstrated that YTHDF2 has a negative regulatory role in LPS-induced osteoclast differentiation and the inflammatory response via the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways.
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6
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Martinez NW, Gómez FE, Matus S. The Potential Role of Protein Kinase R as a Regulator of Age-Related Neurodegeneration. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:638208. [PMID: 33994991 PMCID: PMC8113420 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.638208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a growing evidence describing a decline in adaptive homeostasis in aging-related diseases affecting the central nervous system (CNS), many of which are characterized by the appearance of non-native protein aggregates. One signaling pathway that allows cell adaptation is the integrated stress response (ISR), which senses stress stimuli through four kinases. ISR activation promotes translational arrest through the phosphorylation of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha (eIF2α) and the induction of a gene expression program to restore cellular homeostasis. However, depending on the stimulus, ISR can also induce cell death. One of the ISR sensors is the double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase [protein kinase R (PKR)], initially described as a viral infection sensor, and now a growing evidence supports a role for PKR on CNS physiology. PKR has been largely involved in the Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathological process. Here, we reviewed the antecedents supporting the role of PKR on the efficiency of synaptic transmission and cognition. Then, we review PKR’s contribution to AD and discuss the possible participation of PKR as a player in the neurodegenerative process involved in aging-related pathologies affecting the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolás W Martinez
- Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Santiago, Chile.,Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile.,Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Center for Geroscience, Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Soledad Matus
- Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Santiago, Chile.,Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile.,Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Center for Geroscience, Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile
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7
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Ha YJ, Choi YS, Oh YR, Kang EH, Khang G, Park YB, Lee YJ. Fucoxanthin Suppresses Osteoclastogenesis via Modulation of MAP Kinase and Nrf2 Signaling. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:132. [PMID: 33673704 PMCID: PMC7997314 DOI: 10.3390/md19030132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Fucoxanthin (FX), a natural carotenoid present in edible brown seaweed, is known for its therapeutic potential in various diseases, including bone disease. However, its underlying regulatory mechanisms in osteoclastogenesis remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the effect of FX on osteoclast differentiation and its regulatory signaling pathway. In vitro studies were performed using osteoclast-like RAW264.7 cells stimulated with the soluble receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand or tumor necrosis factor-alpha/interleukin-6. FX treatment significantly inhibited osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption ability, and downregulated the expression of osteoclast-specific markers such as nuclear factor of activated T cells 1, dendritic cell-specific seven transmembrane protein, and matrix metallopeptidase 9. Intracellular signaling pathway analysis revealed that FX specifically decreased the activation of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase and p38 kinase, and increased the nuclear translocation of phosphonuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). Our results suggest that FX regulates the expression of mitogen-activated protein kinases and Nrf2. Therefore, FX is a potential therapeutic agent for osteoclast-related skeletal disorders including osteoporosis and rheumatoid arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Jung Ha
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam 13620, Korea; (Y.-J.H.); (E.H.K.)
| | - Yong Seok Choi
- Medical Science Research Institute, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam 13620, Korea; (Y.S.C.); (Y.R.O.)
| | - Ye Rim Oh
- Medical Science Research Institute, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam 13620, Korea; (Y.S.C.); (Y.R.O.)
| | - Eun Ha Kang
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam 13620, Korea; (Y.-J.H.); (E.H.K.)
| | - Gilson Khang
- Department of Bionanotechnology and Bio-Convergence Engineering, Department of PolymerNano Science and Technology and Polymer Materials Fusion Research Center, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju-si 54896, Korea;
| | - Yong-Beom Park
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea;
| | - Yun Jong Lee
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam 13620, Korea; (Y.-J.H.); (E.H.K.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
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8
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Chen Y, Shen J. Mucosal immunity and tRNA, tRF, and tiRNA. J Mol Med (Berl) 2020; 99:47-56. [PMID: 33200232 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-020-02008-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Mucosal immunity has crucial roles in human diseases such as respiratory tract infection, inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), and colorectal cancer (CRC). Recent studies suggest that the mononuclear phagocyte system, cancer cells, bacteria, and viruses induce the mucosal immune reaction by various pathways, and can be major factors in the pathogenesis of these diseases. Transfer RNA (tRNA) and its fragments, including tRNA-derived RNA fragments (tRFs) and tRNA-derived stress-induced RNAs (tiRNAs), have emerged as a hot topic in recent years. They not only are verified as essential for transcription and translation but also play roles in cellular homeostasis and functions, such as cell metastasis, proliferation, and apoptosis. However, the specific relationship between their biological regulation and mucosal immunity remains unclear to date. In the present review, we carry out a comprehensive discussion on the specific roles of tRNA, tRFs, and tiRNAs relevant to mucosal immunity and related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueying Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research Center, 160# Pu Jian Ave, Shanghai, 200127, China
- Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 160# Pu Jian Ave, Shanghai, 200127, China
- Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, 160# Pu Jian Ave, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Jun Shen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research Center, 160# Pu Jian Ave, Shanghai, 200127, China.
- Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 160# Pu Jian Ave, Shanghai, 200127, China.
- Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, 160# Pu Jian Ave, Shanghai, 200127, China.
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9
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Cell fate determined by the activation balance between PKR and SPHK1. Cell Death Differ 2020; 28:401-418. [PMID: 32801355 PMCID: PMC7852545 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-020-00608-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA)-dependent protein kinase R (PKR) activation via autophosphorylation is the central cellular response to stress that promotes cell death or apoptosis. However, the key factors and mechanisms behind the simultaneous activation of pro-survival signaling pathways remain unknown. We have discovered a novel regulatory mechanism for the maintenance of cellular homeostasis that relies on the phosphorylation interplay between sphingosine kinase 1 (SPHK1) and PKR during exogenous stress. We identified SPHK1 as a previously unrecognized PKR substrate. Phosphorylated SPHK1, a central kinase, mediates the activation of PKR-induced pro-survival pathways by the S1P/S1PR1/MAPKs/IKKα signal axis, and antagonizes PKR-mediated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress signal transduction under stress conditions. Otherwise, phosphorylated SPHK1 also acts as the negative feedback factor, preferentially binding to the latent form of PKR at the C-terminal kinase motif, inhibiting the homodimerization of PKR, suppressing PKR autophosphorylation, and reducing the signaling strength for cell death and apoptosis. Our results suggest that the balance of the activation levels between PKR and SPHK1, a probable hallmark of homeostasis maintenance, determines cell fate during cellular stress response.
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10
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Ashtar M, Tenshin H, Teramachi J, Bat-Erdene A, Hiasa M, Oda A, Tanimoto K, Shimizu S, Higa Y, Harada T, Oura M, Sogabe K, Nakamura S, Fujii S, Sumitani R, Miki H, Udaka K, Takahashi M, Kagawa K, Endo I, Tanaka E, Matsumoto T, Abe M. The Roles of ROS Generation in RANKL-Induced Osteoclastogenesis: Suppressive Effects of Febuxostat. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E929. [PMID: 32283857 PMCID: PMC7226249 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12040929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL), a critical mediator of osteoclastogenesis, is upregulated in multiple myeloma (MM). The xanthine oxidase inhibitor febuxostat, clinically used for prevention of tumor lysis syndrome, has been demonstrated to effectively inhibit not only the generation of uric acid but also the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS has been demonstrated to mediate RANKL-mediated osteoclastogenesis. In the present study, we therefore explored the role of cancer-treatment-induced ROS in RANKL-mediated osteoclastogenesis and the suppressive effects of febuxostat on ROS generation and osteoclastogenesis. RANKL dose-dependently induced ROS production in RAW264.7 preosteoclastic cells; however, febuxostat inhibited the RANKL-induced ROS production and osteoclast (OC) formation. Interestingly, doxorubicin (Dox) further enhanced RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis through upregulation of ROS production, which was mostly abolished by addition of febuxostat. Febuxostat also inhibited osteoclastogenesis enhanced in cocultures of bone marrow cells with MM cells. Importantly, febuxostat rather suppressed MM cell viability and did not compromise Dox's anti-MM activity. In addition, febuxostat was able to alleviate pathological osteoclastic activity and bone loss in ovariectomized mice. Collectively, these results suggest that excessive ROS production by aberrant RANKL overexpression and/or anticancer treatment disadvantageously impacts bone, and that febuxostat can prevent the ROS-mediated osteoclastic bone damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohannad Ashtar
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tokushima University Graduate School of Oral Sciences, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan; (M.A.); (K.T.); (S.S.); (Y.H.)
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan; (A.O.); (T.H.); (M.O.); (K.S.); (S.N.); (S.F.); (R.S.); (K.U.); (M.T.); (K.K.)
| | - Hirofumi Tenshin
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan; (M.H.); (E.T.)
| | - Jumpei Teramachi
- Department of Tissue Regeneration, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan;
| | - Ariunzaya Bat-Erdene
- Department of Immunology, School of Bio-Medicine, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar 14210, Mongolia;
| | - Masahiro Hiasa
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan; (M.H.); (E.T.)
| | - Asuka Oda
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan; (A.O.); (T.H.); (M.O.); (K.S.); (S.N.); (S.F.); (R.S.); (K.U.); (M.T.); (K.K.)
| | - Kotaro Tanimoto
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tokushima University Graduate School of Oral Sciences, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan; (M.A.); (K.T.); (S.S.); (Y.H.)
| | - So Shimizu
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tokushima University Graduate School of Oral Sciences, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan; (M.A.); (K.T.); (S.S.); (Y.H.)
| | - Yoshiki Higa
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tokushima University Graduate School of Oral Sciences, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan; (M.A.); (K.T.); (S.S.); (Y.H.)
| | - Takeshi Harada
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan; (A.O.); (T.H.); (M.O.); (K.S.); (S.N.); (S.F.); (R.S.); (K.U.); (M.T.); (K.K.)
| | - Masahiro Oura
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan; (A.O.); (T.H.); (M.O.); (K.S.); (S.N.); (S.F.); (R.S.); (K.U.); (M.T.); (K.K.)
| | - Kimiko Sogabe
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan; (A.O.); (T.H.); (M.O.); (K.S.); (S.N.); (S.F.); (R.S.); (K.U.); (M.T.); (K.K.)
| | - Shingen Nakamura
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan; (A.O.); (T.H.); (M.O.); (K.S.); (S.N.); (S.F.); (R.S.); (K.U.); (M.T.); (K.K.)
| | - Shiro Fujii
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan; (A.O.); (T.H.); (M.O.); (K.S.); (S.N.); (S.F.); (R.S.); (K.U.); (M.T.); (K.K.)
| | - Ryohei Sumitani
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan; (A.O.); (T.H.); (M.O.); (K.S.); (S.N.); (S.F.); (R.S.); (K.U.); (M.T.); (K.K.)
| | - Hirokazu Miki
- Division of Transfusion Medicine and Cell Therapy, Tokushima University Hospital, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan;
| | - Kengo Udaka
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan; (A.O.); (T.H.); (M.O.); (K.S.); (S.N.); (S.F.); (R.S.); (K.U.); (M.T.); (K.K.)
| | - Mamiko Takahashi
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan; (A.O.); (T.H.); (M.O.); (K.S.); (S.N.); (S.F.); (R.S.); (K.U.); (M.T.); (K.K.)
| | - Kumiko Kagawa
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan; (A.O.); (T.H.); (M.O.); (K.S.); (S.N.); (S.F.); (R.S.); (K.U.); (M.T.); (K.K.)
| | - Itsuro Endo
- Department of Chronomedicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan;
| | - Eiji Tanaka
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan; (M.H.); (E.T.)
| | - Toshio Matsumoto
- Fujii Memorial Institute of Medical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan;
| | - Masahiro Abe
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan; (A.O.); (T.H.); (M.O.); (K.S.); (S.N.); (S.F.); (R.S.); (K.U.); (M.T.); (K.K.)
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11
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Piazzi M, Bavelloni A, Greco S, Focaccia E, Orsini A, Benini S, Gambarotti M, Faenza I, Blalock WL. Expression of the double-stranded RNA-dependent kinase PKR influences osteosarcoma attachment independent growth, migration, and invasion. J Cell Physiol 2019; 235:1103-1119. [PMID: 31240713 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a rare, insidious tumor of mesenchymal origin that most often affects children, adolescents, and young adults. While the primary tumor can be controlled with chemotherapy and surgery, it is the lung metastases that are eventually fatal. Multiple studies into the initial drivers of OS development have been undertaken, but few of these have examined innate immune/inflammatory signaling. A central figure in inflammatory signaling is the innate immune/stress-activated kinase double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase (PKR). To characterize the role of PKR in OS, U2OS, and SaOS-2 osteosarcoma cell lines were stably transfected with wild-type or dominant-negative (DN) PKR. Overexpression of PKR enhanced colony formation in soft agar (U2OS and SaOS-2), enhanced cellular migration (U2OS), and invasive migration (SaOS-2). In contrast, overexpression of DN-PKR inhibited attachment-independent growth, migration and/or invasion. These data demonstrate a role for inflammatory signaling in OS formation and migration/invasion and suggest the status of PKR expression/activation may have prognostic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Piazzi
- Istituto di Genetica Molecolare-Luigi Luca Cavalli Sforza, UOS Bologna, Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche (IGM-CNR), Bologna, Italy.,IRCCS, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Sara Greco
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Neuromotorie, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Enrico Focaccia
- Istituto di Genetica Molecolare-Luigi Luca Cavalli Sforza, UOS Bologna, Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche (IGM-CNR), Bologna, Italy
| | - Arianna Orsini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Neuromotorie, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | | | - Irene Faenza
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Neuromotorie, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - William L Blalock
- Istituto di Genetica Molecolare-Luigi Luca Cavalli Sforza, UOS Bologna, Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche (IGM-CNR), Bologna, Italy.,IRCCS, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
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12
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Kong L, Smith W, Hao D. Overview of RAW264.7 for osteoclastogensis study: Phenotype and stimuli. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:3077-3087. [PMID: 30892789 PMCID: PMC6484317 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone homeostasis is preserved by the balance of maintaining between the activity of osteogenesis and osteoclastogenesis. However, investigations for the osteoclastogenesis were hampered by considerable difficulties associated with isolating and culturing osteoclast in vivo. As the alternative, stimuli‐induced osteoclasts formation from RAW264.7 cells (RAW‐OCs) have gain its importance for extensively osteoclastogenic study of bone diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, osteoporosis, osteolysis and periodontitis. However, considering the RAW‐OCs have not yet been well‐characterized and RAW264.7 cells are polymorphic because of a diverse phenotype of the individual cells comprising this cell linage, and different fate associated with various stimuli contributions. Thus, in present study, we provide an overview for current knowledge of the phenotype of RAW264.7 cells, as well as the current understanding of the complicated interactions between various stimuli and RAW‐OCs in the light of the recent progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingbo Kong
- Department of Spine, School of Medicine, Honghui-hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wanli Smith
- Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Dingjun Hao
- Department of Spine, School of Medicine, Honghui-hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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13
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Tang R, Yi J, Yang J, Chen Y, Luo W, Dong S, Fei J. Interleukin-37 inhibits osteoclastogenesis and alleviates inflammatory bone destruction. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:7645-7658. [PMID: 30414292 PMCID: PMC6587950 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Excessive osteoclast formation is one of the important pathological features of inflammatory bone destruction. Interleukin‐37 (IL‐37) is an anti‐inflammatory agent that is present throughout the body, but it displays low physiological retention. In our study, high levels of the IL‐37 protein were detected in clinical specimens from patients with bone infections. However, the impact of IL‐37 on osteoclast formation remains unclear. Next, IL‐37 alleviated the inflammatory bone destruction in the mouse in vivo. We used receptor activator of nuclear factor‐κB ligand and lipopolysaccharide to trigger osteoclastogenesis under physiological and pathological conditions to observe the role of IL‐37 in this process and explore the potential mechanism of this phenomenon. In both induction models, IL‐37 exerted inhibitory effects on osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption. Furthermore, IL‐37 decreased the phosphorylation of inhibitor of κBα and p65 and the expression of nuclear factor of activated T cells c1, while the dimerization inhibitor of myeloid differentiation factor 88 reversed the effects. These data provide evidence that IL‐37 modulates osteoclastogenesis and a theoretical basis for the clinical application of IL‐37 as a treatment for bone loss–related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruohui Tang
- Center of Trauma of Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jin Yi
- Center of Trauma of Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Center of Trauma of Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yueqi Chen
- Department of Biomedical Materials Science, School of Biomedical Engineering, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Luo
- Department of Osteological, Guizhou Province People's Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Shiwu Dong
- Department of Biomedical Materials Science, School of Biomedical Engineering, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jun Fei
- Center of Trauma of Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
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14
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TAK1 inhibition subverts the osteoclastogenic action of TRAIL while potentiating its antimyeloma effects. Blood Adv 2017; 1:2124-2137. [PMID: 29296860 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2017008813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) agonists induce tumor-specific apoptosis indicating that they may be an attractive therapeutic strategy against cancers, including multiple myeloma (MM). Osteoclastogenesis is highly induced in MM, which in turn enhances MM growth, thereby forming a vicious cycle between MM tumor expansion and bone destruction. However, the effects of TRAIL on MM-enhanced osteoclastogenesis remain largely unknown. Here, we show that TRAIL induced apoptosis in MM cells, but not in osteoclasts (OCs), and that it rather facilitated receptor activator of NF-κB ligand-induced osteoclastogenesis along with upregulation of cellular FLICE inhibitory protein (c-FLIP). TRAIL did not induce death-inducing signaling complex formation in OCs, but formed secondary complex (complex II) with the phosphorylation of transforming growth factor β-activated kinase-1 (TAK1), and thus activated NF-κB signaling. c-FLIP knockdown abolished complex II formation, thus permitting TRAIL induction of OC cell death. The TAK1 inhibitor LLZ1640-2 abrogated the TRAIL-induced c-FLIP upregulation and NF-κB activation, and triggered TRAIL-induced caspase-8 activation and cell death in OCs. Interestingly, the TRAIL-induced caspase-8 activation caused enzymatic degradation of the transcription factor Sp1 to noticeably reduce c-FLIP expression, which further sensitized OCs to TRAIL-induced apoptosis. Furthermore, the TAK1 inhibition induced antiosteoclastogenic activity by TRAIL even in cocultures with MM cells while potentiating TRAIL's anti-MM effects. These results demonstrated that osteoclastic lineage cells use TRAIL for their differentiation and activation through tilting caspase-8-dependent apoptosis toward NF-κB activation, and that TAK1 inhibition subverts TRAIL-mediated NF-κB activation to resume TRAIL-induced apoptosis in OCs while further enhancing MM cell death in combination with TRAIL.
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15
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Ma CH, Wu CH, Jou IM, Tu YK, Hung CH, Hsieh PL, Tsai KL. PKR activation causes inflammation and MMP-13 secretion in human degenerated articular chondrocytes. Redox Biol 2017; 14:72-81. [PMID: 28869834 PMCID: PMC5582648 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2017.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Revised: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease affecting a large population of people. Although the elevated expression of PKR (double stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase) and MMP-13 (collagenase-3) have been indicated to play pivotal roles in the pathogenesis of OA, the exact mechanism underlying the regulation of MMP-13 by PKR following inflammatory stimulation was relatively unknown. The purpose of this study was to determine the signaling pathway involved in the PKR-mediated induction of MMP-13 after TNF-α-stimulation. In this study, cartilages of knee joint were obtained from OA subjects who underwent arthroplastic knee surgery. Cartilages were used for tissue analysis or for chondrocytes isolation. In results, the upregulated expression of PKR was observed in damaged OA cartilages as well as in TNF-α-stimulated chondrocytes. Phosphorylation of PKC (protein kinase C) was found after TNF-α administration or PKR activation using poly(I:C), indicating PKC was regulated by PKR. The subsequent increased activity of NADPH oxidase led to oxidative stress accumulation and antioxidant capacity downregulation followed by an exaggerated inflammatory response with elevated levels of COX-2 and IL-8 via ERK/NF-κB pathway. Activated ERK pathway also impeded the inhibition of MMP-13 by PPAR-γ. These findings demonstrated that TNF-α-induced PKR activation triggered oxidative stress-mediated inflammation and MMP-13 in human chondrocytes. Unraveling these deregulated signaling cascades will deepen our knowledge of OA pathophysiology and provide aid in the development of novel therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Hou Ma
- Department of Orthopedics, E-Da Hospital/I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Hsien Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, E-Da Hospital/I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - I-Ming Jou
- Department of Orthopedics, E-Da Hospital/I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Kun Tu
- Department of Orthopedics, E-Da Hospital/I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Hsia Hung
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Institute of Allied Health Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ling Hsieh
- Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Kun-Ling Tsai
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
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16
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Yoshida K, Okamura H, Hiroshima Y, Abe K, Kido JI, Shinohara Y, Ozaki K. PKR induces the expression of NLRP3 by regulating the NF-κB pathway in Porphyromonas gingivalis-infected osteoblasts. Exp Cell Res 2017; 354:57-64. [PMID: 28341446 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2017.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Revised: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The double-stranded RNA-dependent kinase (PKR), which is activated by double stranded RNA, induces inflammation by regulating NF-κB signaling. The NLR family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome also modulates inflammation in response to infection. Porphyromonas gingivalis (P.gingivalis) is an oral bacterium which is implicated in the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases. We previously reported that PKR is a key modulator of bone metabolism and inflammation in the periodontal tissue. PKR was also reported to induce inflammation in response to microbes by regulating the NLRP3 inflammasome, suggesting that PKR could affect inflammation along with NLRP3 in periodontal diseases. In this study, we investigated the effects of PKR on NLRP3 expression and NF-κB activity in P. gingivalis infected osteoblasts. We first constructed a SNAP26b-tagged P.gingivalis (SNAP-P. g.) and traced its internalization into the cell. SNAP-P. g. increased the activity of PKR and NF-κB and also induced NLRP3 expression in osteoblasts. Inhibition of NF-κB attenuated SNAP-P. g.-induced NLRP3 expression. The knockdown of PKR using shRNA decreased both the activity of NF-κB and the expression of NLRP3 induced by SNAP-P.g.. We therefore concluded that in osteoblasts, P. gingivalis activated PKR, which in turn increased NLRP3 expression by activating NF-κB. Our results suggest that PKR modulates inflammation by regulating the expression of the NLRP3 inflammasome through the NF-κB pathway in periodontal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaya Yoshida
- Department of Oral Healthcare Education, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima 770-8504, Japan.
| | - Hirohiko Okamura
- Department of Histology and Oral Histology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima 770-8504, Japan; Department of Oral Morphology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata, Kita-ku, Okayama 770-8525, Japan
| | - Yuka Hiroshima
- Institute for Genome Research, Tokushima University, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
| | - Kaori Abe
- SHIBASAKI, Inc., 507 Horikiri, Chichibu 368-0066, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichi Kido
- Department of Periodontology and Endodontology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima 770-8504, Japan
| | - Yasuo Shinohara
- Institute for Genome Research, Tokushima University, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
| | - Kazumi Ozaki
- Oral Healthcare Promotion, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima 770-8504, Japan
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17
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Roles of PKR in differentiation and apoptosis of bone-related cells. Anat Sci Int 2016; 92:313-319. [DOI: 10.1007/s12565-016-0385-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 11/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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18
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Wang Y, Men M, Xie B, Shan J, Wang C, Liu J, Zheng H, Yang W, Xue S, Guo C. Inhibition of PKR protects against H 2O 2-induced injury on neonatal cardiac myocytes by attenuating apoptosis and inflammation. Sci Rep 2016; 6:38753. [PMID: 27929137 PMCID: PMC5144063 DOI: 10.1038/srep38753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygenation species (ROS) generated from reperfusion results in cardiac injury through apoptosis and inflammation, while PKR has the ability to promote apoptosis and inflammation. The aim of the study was to investigate whether PKR is involved in hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) induced neonatal cardiac myocytes (NCM) injury. In our study, NCM, when exposed to H2O2, resulted in persistent activation of PKR due to NCM endogenous RNA. Inhibition of PKR by 2-aminopurine (2-AP) or siRNA protected against H2O2 induced apoptosis and injury. To elucidate the mechanism, we revealed that inhibition of PKR alleviated H2O2 induced apoptosis companied by decreased caspase3/7 activity, BAX and caspase-3 expression. We also revealed that inhibition of PKR suppressed H2O2 induced NFκB pathway and NLRP3 activation. Finally, we found ADAR1 mRNA and protein expression were both induced after H2O2 treatment through STAT-2 dependent pathway. By gain and loss of ADAR1 expression, we confirmed ADAR1 modulated PKR activity. Therefore, we concluded inhibition of PKR protected against H2O2-induced injury by attenuating apoptosis and inflammation. A self-preservation mechanism existed in NCM that ADAR1 expression is induced by H2O2 to limit PKR activation simultaneously. These findings identify a novel role for PKR/ADAR1 in myocardial reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongyi Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Men
- Department of endocrinology, Xi'an Central Hospital, Shaanxi, China
| | - Bo Xie
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianggui Shan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chengxi Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jidong Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Zheng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wengang Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Song Xue
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Changfa Guo
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Zhong Shan Hospital, School of Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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19
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Algate K, Haynes DR, Bartold PM, Crotti TN, Cantley MD. The effects of tumour necrosis factor-α on bone cells involved in periodontal alveolar bone loss; osteoclasts, osteoblasts and osteocytes. J Periodontal Res 2015; 51:549-66. [DOI: 10.1111/jre.12339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. Algate
- Discipline of Anatomy and Pathology; University of Adelaide; Adelaide SA Australia
| | - D. R. Haynes
- Discipline of Anatomy and Pathology; University of Adelaide; Adelaide SA Australia
| | - P. M. Bartold
- School of Dentistry; University of Adelaide; Adelaide SA Australia
| | - T. N. Crotti
- Discipline of Anatomy and Pathology; University of Adelaide; Adelaide SA Australia
| | - M. D. Cantley
- Discipline of Anatomy and Pathology; University of Adelaide; Adelaide SA Australia
- Myeloma Research Laboratory; University of Adelaide; Adelaide SA Australia
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