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Dwivedi M, Jindal D, Jose S, Hasan S, Nayak P. Elements in trace amount with a significant role in human physiology: a tumor pathophysiological and diagnostic aspects. J Drug Target 2024; 32:270-286. [PMID: 38251986 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2024.2309572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Cancer has a devastating impact globally regardless of gender, age, and community, which continues its severity to the population due to the lack of efficient strategy for the cancer diagnosis and treatment. According to the World Health Organisation report, one out of six people dies due to this deadly cancer and we need effective strategies to regulate it. In this context, trace element has a very hidden and unexplored role and require more attention from investigators. The variation in concentration of trace elements was observed during comparative studies on a cancer patient and a healthy person making them an effective target for cancer regulation. The percentage of trace elements present in the human body depends on environmental exposure, food habits, and habitats and could be instrumental in the early diagnosis of cancer. In this review, we have conducted inclusive analytics on trace elements associated with the various types of cancers and explored the several methods involved in their analysis. Further, intricacies in the correlation of trace elements with prominent cancers like prostate cancer, breast cancer, and leukaemia are represented in this review. This comprehensive information on trace elements proposes their role during cancer and as biomarkers in cancer diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish Dwivedi
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow, India
- Research Cell, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow, India
| | - Divya Jindal
- Department of Biotechnology, Center for Emerging Diseases, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, Noida, India
| | - Sandra Jose
- MET's School of Engineering, Thrissur, India
| | - Saba Hasan
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow, India
| | - Pradeep Nayak
- Department of Physics, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
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2
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Ahmad A, Rabbani G, Zamzami MA, Hosawi S, Baothman OA, Altayeb H, Akhtar MSN, Ahmad V, Khan MV, Khan ME, Kim SH. An affordable label-free ultrasensitive immunosensor based on gold nanoparticles deposited on glassy carbon electrode for the transferrin receptor detection. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 273:133083. [PMID: 38866289 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
In recent decades, there has been a concerning and consistent rise in the incidence of cancer, posing a significant threat to human health and overall quality of life. The transferrin receptor (TfR) is one of the most crucial protein biomarkers observed to be overexpressed in various cancers. This study reports on the development of a novel voltammetric immunosensor for TfR detection. The electrochemical platform was made up of a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) functionalized with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), on which anti-TfR was immobilized. The surface characteristics and electrochemical behaviors of the modified electrodes were comprehensively investigated through scanning electron microscopy, XPS, Raman spectroscopy FT-IR, electrochemical cyclic voltammetry and impedance spectroscopy. The developed immunosensor exhibited robust analytical performance with TfR fortified buffer solution, showing a linear range (LR) response from 0.01 to 3000 μg/mL, with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.01 μg/mL and reproducibility (RSD <4 %). The fabricated sensor demonstrated high reproducibility and selectivity when subjected to testing with various types of interfering proteins. The immunosensor designed for TfR detection demonstrated several advantageous features, such as being cost-effective and requiring a small volume of test sample making it highly suitable for point-of-care applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abrar Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gulam Rabbani
- IT-medical Fusion Center, 350-27 Gumidae-ro, Gumi-si, Gyeongbuk 39253, Republic of Korea.
| | - Mazin A Zamzami
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salman Hosawi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Othman A Baothman
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hisham Altayeb
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21452, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Varish Ahmad
- Department of Health Information technology, The Applied College, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohsin Vahid Khan
- Department of Biosciences, Integral University, Lucknow, 226026, India
| | - Mohammad Ehtisham Khan
- Department of Chemical Engineering Technology, College of Applied Industrial Technology, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Se Hyun Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
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3
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Cui H, Wang Y, Ma J, Zhou L, Li G, Li Y, Sun Y, Shen J, Ma T, Wang Q, Feng X, Dong B, Yang P, Li Y, Ma X. Advances in exosome modulation of ferroptosis for the treatment of orthopedic diseases. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 257:155312. [PMID: 38663177 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Current treatments for orthopaedic illnesses frequently result in poor prognosis, treatment failure, numerous relapses, and other unpleasant outcomes that have a significant impact on patients' quality of life. Cell-free therapy has emerged as one of the most promising options in recent decades for improving the status quo. As a result, using exosomes produced from various cells to modulate ferroptosis has been proposed as a therapeutic method for the condition. Exosomes are extracellular vesicles that secrete various bioactive chemicals that influence disease treatment and play a role in the genesis and progression of orthopaedic illnesses. Ferroptosis is a recently defined kind of controlled cell death typified by large iron ion buildup and lipid peroxidation. An increasing number of studies indicate that ferroptosis plays a significant role in orthopaedic illnesses. Exosomes, as intercellular information transfer channels, have been found to play a significant role in the regulation of ferroptosis processes. Furthermore, accumulating research suggests that exosomes can influence the course of many diseases by regulating ferroptosis in injured cells. In order to better understand the processes by which exosomes govern ferroptosis in the therapy of orthopaedic illnesses. This review discusses the biogenesis, secretion, and uptake of exosomes, as well as the mechanisms of ferroptosis and exosomes in the therapy of orthopaedic illnesses. It focuses on recent research advances and exosome mechanisms in regulating iron death for the therapy of orthopaedic illnesses. The present state of review conducted both domestically and internationally is elucidated and anticipated as a viable avenue for future therapy in the field of orthopaedics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Cui
- Tianjin Medical University Orthopedic Clinical College, Tianjin 300050, China; Tianjin Hospital of Tianjin University (Tianjin Hospital), Tianjin 300211, China; Tianjin Orthopedic Institute, Tianjin 300050, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Biomechanics and Medical Engineering, Tianjin 300050, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Tianjin Hospital of Tianjin University (Tianjin Hospital), Tianjin 300211, China; Tianjin Orthopedic Institute, Tianjin 300050, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Biomechanics and Medical Engineering, Tianjin 300050, China
| | - Jianxiong Ma
- Tianjin Hospital of Tianjin University (Tianjin Hospital), Tianjin 300211, China; Tianjin Orthopedic Institute, Tianjin 300050, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Biomechanics and Medical Engineering, Tianjin 300050, China.
| | - Liyun Zhou
- Tianjin Medical University Orthopedic Clinical College, Tianjin 300050, China; Tianjin Hospital of Tianjin University (Tianjin Hospital), Tianjin 300211, China; Tianjin Orthopedic Institute, Tianjin 300050, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Biomechanics and Medical Engineering, Tianjin 300050, China
| | - Guang Li
- Tianjin Hospital of Tianjin University (Tianjin Hospital), Tianjin 300211, China; Tianjin Orthopedic Institute, Tianjin 300050, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Biomechanics and Medical Engineering, Tianjin 300050, China
| | - Yiyang Li
- Tianjin Hospital of Tianjin University (Tianjin Hospital), Tianjin 300211, China; Tianjin Orthopedic Institute, Tianjin 300050, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Biomechanics and Medical Engineering, Tianjin 300050, China
| | - Yadi Sun
- Tianjin Hospital of Tianjin University (Tianjin Hospital), Tianjin 300211, China; Tianjin Orthopedic Institute, Tianjin 300050, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Biomechanics and Medical Engineering, Tianjin 300050, China
| | - Jiahui Shen
- Tianjin Hospital of Tianjin University (Tianjin Hospital), Tianjin 300211, China; Tianjin Orthopedic Institute, Tianjin 300050, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Biomechanics and Medical Engineering, Tianjin 300050, China
| | - Tiancheng Ma
- Tianjin Hospital of Tianjin University (Tianjin Hospital), Tianjin 300211, China; Tianjin Orthopedic Institute, Tianjin 300050, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Biomechanics and Medical Engineering, Tianjin 300050, China
| | - Qiyu Wang
- Tianjin Hospital of Tianjin University (Tianjin Hospital), Tianjin 300211, China; Tianjin Orthopedic Institute, Tianjin 300050, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Biomechanics and Medical Engineering, Tianjin 300050, China
| | - Xiaotian Feng
- Tianjin Hospital of Tianjin University (Tianjin Hospital), Tianjin 300211, China; Tianjin Orthopedic Institute, Tianjin 300050, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Biomechanics and Medical Engineering, Tianjin 300050, China
| | - Benchao Dong
- Tianjin Hospital of Tianjin University (Tianjin Hospital), Tianjin 300211, China; Tianjin Orthopedic Institute, Tianjin 300050, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Biomechanics and Medical Engineering, Tianjin 300050, China
| | - Peichuan Yang
- Tianjin Hospital of Tianjin University (Tianjin Hospital), Tianjin 300211, China; Tianjin Orthopedic Institute, Tianjin 300050, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Biomechanics and Medical Engineering, Tianjin 300050, China
| | - Yan Li
- Tianjin Hospital of Tianjin University (Tianjin Hospital), Tianjin 300211, China; Tianjin Orthopedic Institute, Tianjin 300050, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Biomechanics and Medical Engineering, Tianjin 300050, China
| | - Xinlong Ma
- Tianjin Hospital of Tianjin University (Tianjin Hospital), Tianjin 300211, China; Tianjin Orthopedic Institute, Tianjin 300050, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Biomechanics and Medical Engineering, Tianjin 300050, China
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4
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Horvat N, Chocarro S, Marques O, Bauer TA, Qiu R, Diaz-Jimenez A, Helm B, Chen Y, Sawall S, Sparla R, Su L, Klingmüller U, Barz M, Hentze MW, Sotillo R, Muckenthaler MU. Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Reprogram the Tumor Microenvironment and Reduce Lung Cancer Regrowth after Crizotinib Treatment. ACS NANO 2024; 18:11025-11041. [PMID: 38626916 PMCID: PMC11064219 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c08335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
ALK-positive NSCLC patients demonstrate initial responses to ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) treatments, but eventually develop resistance, causing rapid tumor relapse and poor survival rates. Growing evidence suggests that the combination of drug and immune therapies greatly improves patient survival; however, due to the low immunogenicity of the tumors, ALK-positive patients do not respond to currently available immunotherapies. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play a crucial role in facilitating lung cancer growth by suppressing tumoricidal immune activation and absorbing chemotherapeutics. However, they can also be programmed toward a pro-inflammatory tumor suppressive phenotype, which represents a highly active area of therapy development. Iron loading of TAMs can achieve such reprogramming correlating with an improved prognosis in lung cancer patients. We previously showed that superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles containing core-cross-linked polymer micelles (SPION-CCPMs) target macrophages and stimulate pro-inflammatory activation. Here, we show that SPION-CCPMs stimulate TAMs to secrete reactive nitrogen species and cytokines that exert tumoricidal activity. We further show that SPION-CCPMs reshape the immunosuppressive Eml4-Alk lung tumor microenvironment (TME) toward a cytotoxic profile hallmarked by the recruitment of CD8+ T cells, suggesting a multifactorial benefit of SPION-CCPM application. When intratracheally instilled into lung cancer-bearing mice, SPION-CCPMs delay tumor growth and, after first line therapy with a TKI, halt the regrowth of relapsing tumors. These findings identify SPIONs-CCPMs as an adjuvant therapy, which remodels the TME, resulting in a delay in the appearance of resistant tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie
K. Horvat
- Department
of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology, Immunology and Pulmonology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 350, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Molecular
Medicine Partnership Unit (MMPU), Otto-Meyerhof-Zentrum, Im Neuenheimer Feld 350, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Ruprecht
Karl University of Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sara Chocarro
- Division
of Molecular Thoracic Oncology, German Cancer
Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Ruprecht
Karl University of Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Oriana Marques
- Department
of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology, Immunology and Pulmonology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 350, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Molecular
Medicine Partnership Unit (MMPU), Otto-Meyerhof-Zentrum, Im Neuenheimer Feld 350, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tobias A. Bauer
- Leiden
Academic Centre for Drug Research (LACDR), Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333CC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Ruiyue Qiu
- Department
of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology, Immunology and Pulmonology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 350, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alberto Diaz-Jimenez
- Division
of Molecular Thoracic Oncology, German Cancer
Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Ruprecht
Karl University of Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Barbara Helm
- Division
of Systems Biology of Signal Transduction, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- German
Center for Lung Research (DZL) and Translational Lung Research Center
Heidelberg (TRLC), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Yuanyuan Chen
- Division
of Molecular Thoracic Oncology, German Cancer
Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefan Sawall
- X-ray
Imaging and CT, German Cancer Research Center
(DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer
Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Richard Sparla
- Department
of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology, Immunology and Pulmonology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 350, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lu Su
- Leiden
Academic Centre for Drug Research (LACDR), Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333CC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Ursula Klingmüller
- Division
of Systems Biology of Signal Transduction, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- German
Center for Lung Research (DZL) and Translational Lung Research Center
Heidelberg (TRLC), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- German
Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matthias Barz
- Leiden
Academic Centre for Drug Research (LACDR), Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333CC, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department
of Dermatology, University Medical Center
of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Matthias W. Hentze
- Molecular
Medicine Partnership Unit (MMPU), Otto-Meyerhof-Zentrum, Im Neuenheimer Feld 350, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Meyerhofstr.1, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rocío Sotillo
- Division
of Molecular Thoracic Oncology, German Cancer
Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- German
Center for Lung Research (DZL) and Translational Lung Research Center
Heidelberg (TRLC), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- German
Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martina U. Muckenthaler
- Department
of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology, Immunology and Pulmonology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 350, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Molecular
Medicine Partnership Unit (MMPU), Otto-Meyerhof-Zentrum, Im Neuenheimer Feld 350, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- German
Center for Lung Research (DZL) and Translational Lung Research Center
Heidelberg (TRLC), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site, 69120, Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany
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Fiorito V, Tolosano E. Unearthing FLVCR1a: tracing the path to a vital cellular transporter. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:166. [PMID: 38581583 PMCID: PMC10998817 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05205-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
The Feline Leukemia Virus Subgroup C Receptor 1a (FLVCR1a) is a member of the SLC49 Major Facilitator Superfamily of transporters. Initially recognized as the receptor for the retrovirus responsible of pure red cell aplasia in cats, nearly two decades since its discovery, FLVCR1a remains a puzzling transporter, with ongoing discussions regarding what it transports and how its expression is regulated. Nonetheless, despite this, the substantial body of evidence accumulated over the years has provided insights into several critical processes in which this transporter plays a complex role, and the health implications stemming from its malfunction. The present review intends to offer a comprehensive overview and a critical analysis of the existing literature on FLVCR1a, with the goal of emphasising the vital importance of this transporter for the organism and elucidating the interconnections among the various functions attributed to this transporter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Fiorito
- Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC) "Guido Tarone", Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Emanuela Tolosano
- Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC) "Guido Tarone", Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126, Turin, Italy.
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He YB, Han L, Wang C, Fang J, Shang Y, Cai HL, Zhou Q, Zhang ZZ, Chen SL, Li JY, Liu YL. Bulk RNA-sequencing, single-cell RNA-sequencing analysis, and experimental validation reveal iron metabolism-related genes CISD2 and CYP17A1 are potential diagnostic markers for recurrent pregnancy loss. Gene 2024; 901:148168. [PMID: 38244949 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is associated with variable causes. Its etiology remains unexplained in about half of the cases, with no effective treatment available. Individuals with RPL have an irregular iron metabolism. In the present study, we identified key genes impacting iron metabolism that could be used for diagnosing and treating RPL. METHODS We obtained gene expression profiles from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The Molecular Signatures Database was used to identify 14 gene sets related to iron metabolism, comprising 520 iron metabolism genes. Differential analysis and a weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) of gene expression revealed two iron metabolism-related hub genes. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry were used on clinical samples to confirm our results. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis and immune infiltration analysis were conducted. In addition, we analyzed the distribution of genes and performed CellChat analysis by single-cell RNA sequencing. RESULTS The expression of two hub genes, namely, CDGSH iron sulfur domain 2 (CISD2)and Cytochrome P450 family 17 subfamily A member 1 (CYP17A1), were reduced in RPL, as verified by both qPCR and immunohistochemistry. The Gene Ontology (GO) analysis revealed the genes predominantly engaged in autophagy and iron metabolism. The area under the curve (AUC) demonstrated better diagnostic performance for RPL using CISD2 and CYP17A1. The single-cell transcriptomic analysis of RPL demonstrated that CISD2 is expressed in the majority of cell subpopulations, whereas CYP17A1 is not. The cell cycle analysis revealed highly active natural killer (NK) cells that displayed the highest communications with other cells, including the strongest interaction with macrophages through the migratory inhibitory factor (MIF) pathway. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggested that CISD2 and CYP17A1 genes are involved in abnormal iron metabolism, thereby contributing to RPL. These genes could be used as potential diagnostic and therapeutic markers for RPL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Bo He
- Department of Clinical Lab, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Lu Han
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Cong Wang
- Department of Clinical Lab, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ju Fang
- Reproductive Center, Hainan Branch, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Sanya, Hainan Province, China
| | - Yue Shang
- Reproductive Center, Hainan Branch, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Sanya, Hainan Province, China
| | - Hua-Lei Cai
- Department of Emergency Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Qun Zhou
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zhe-Zhong Zhang
- Department of Clinical Lab, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Shi-Liang Chen
- Department of Clinical Lab, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Jun-Yu Li
- Pharmacy Department, Hainan Branch, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Sanya, Hainan Province, China.
| | - Yong-Lin Liu
- Reproductive Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.
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7
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Zhou Z, Shi L, Chen B, Qian H. Regulation of regulated cell death by extracellular vesicles in acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2024; 76:99-111. [PMID: 38182464 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2023.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
The imbalance between proliferation and death of kidney resident cells is a crucial factor in the development of acute or chronic renal dysfunction. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is often associated with the rapid loss of tubular epithelial cells (TECs). Sustained injury leads to the loss of glomerular endothelial cells (GECs) and podocytes, which is a key mechanism in the pathogenesis of glomerular diseases. This irreversible damage resulting from progressive cell loss eventually leads to deterioration of renal function characterized by glomerular compensatory hypertrophy, tubular degeneration, and renal fibrosis. Regulated cell death (RCD), which involves a cascade of gene expression events with tight structures, plays a certain role in regulating kidney health by determining the fate of kidney resident cells. Under pathological conditions, cells in the nephron have been demonstrated to constitutively release extracellular vesicles (EVs) which act as messengers that specifically interact with recipient cells to regulate their cell death process. For therapeutic intervention, exogenous EVs have exhibited great potential for the prevention and treatment of kidney disease by modulating RCD, with enhanced effects through engineering modification. Based on the functional role of EVs, this review comprehensively explores the regulation of RCD by EVs in AKI and chronic kidney disease (CKD), with emphasis on pathogenesis and therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixuan Zhou
- Institute of Translational Medicine of Jiangsu University, Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212001, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, Department of laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Linru Shi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, Department of laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Binghai Chen
- Institute of Translational Medicine of Jiangsu University, Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hui Qian
- Institute of Translational Medicine of Jiangsu University, Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212001, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, Department of laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China.
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8
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Solanki S, Shah YM. Hypoxia-Induced Signaling in Gut and Liver Pathobiology. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PATHOLOGY 2024; 19:291-317. [PMID: 37832943 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pathmechdis-051122-094743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Oxygen (O2) is essential for cellular metabolism and biochemical reactions. When the demand for O2 exceeds the supply, hypoxia occurs. Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are essential to activate adaptive and survival responses following hypoxic stress. In the gut (intestines) and liver, the presence of oxygen gradients or physiologic hypoxia is necessary to maintain normal homeostasis. While physiologic hypoxia is beneficial and aids in normal functions, pathological hypoxia is harmful as it exacerbates inflammatory responses and tissue dysfunction and is a hallmark of many cancers. In this review, we discuss the role of gut and liver hypoxia-induced signaling, primarily focusing on HIFs, in the physiology and pathobiology of gut and liver diseases. Additionally, we examine the function of HIFs in various cell types during gut and liver diseases, beyond intestinal epithelial and hepatocyte HIFs. This review highlights the importance of understanding hypoxia-induced signaling in the pathogenesis of gut and liver diseases and emphasizes the potential of HIFs as therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumeet Solanki
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA;
| | - Yatrik M Shah
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA;
- University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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9
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Liu L, Ye Y, Lin R, Liu T, Wang S, Feng Z, Wang X, Cao H, Chen X, Miao J, Liu Y, Jiang K, Han Z, Li Z, Cao X. Ferroptosis: a promising candidate for exosome-mediated regulation in different diseases. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:6. [PMID: 38166927 PMCID: PMC11057189 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01369-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a newly discovered form of cell death that is featured in a wide range of diseases. Exosome therapy is a promising therapeutic option that has attracted much attention due to its low immunogenicity, low toxicity, and ability to penetrate biological barriers. In addition, emerging evidence indicates that exosomes possess the ability to modulate the progression of diverse diseases by regulating ferroptosis in damaged cells. Hence, the mechanism by which cell-derived and noncellular-derived exosomes target ferroptosis in different diseases through the system Xc-/GSH/GPX4 axis, NAD(P)H/FSP1/CoQ10 axis, iron metabolism pathway and lipid metabolism pathway associated with ferroptosis, as well as its applications in liver disease, neurological diseases, lung injury, heart injury, cancer and other diseases, are summarized here. Additionally, the role of exosome-regulated ferroptosis as an emerging repair mechanism for damaged tissues and cells is also discussed, and this is expected to be a promising treatment direction for various diseases in the future. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limin Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Yulin Ye
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Rui Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Tianyu Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Sinan Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Zelin Feng
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Xiaoli Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Hailong Cao
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Junming Miao
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Yifei Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Kui Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300052, China.
| | - Zhibo Han
- National Engineering Research Center of Cell Products, AmCellGene Engineering Co., Ltd, Tianjin, 300457, China.
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Engineering Technologies for Cell Pharmaceutical, Tianjin, 300457, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin, 300020, China.
| | - Zongjin Li
- Nankai University School of Medicine, Tianjin, 300071, China.
| | - Xiaocang Cao
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300052, China.
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Hiromatsu M, Toshida K, Itoh S, Harada N, Kohashi K, Oda Y, Yoshizumi T. Transferrin Receptor is Associated with Sensitivity to Ferroptosis Inducers in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Ann Surg Oncol 2023; 30:8675-8689. [PMID: 37548836 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-023-14053-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Transferrin receptor (TFR), a membrane protein that has a critical role in the transport of iron into cells, is known to be a ferroptosis-related marker. Although TFR is reported to be abundantly expressed in tumor cells, its relationship with ferroptosis inducers in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unclear. METHODS The authors performed immunohistochemical staining of TFR and divided 350 HCC patients into two groups according to its expression. They analyzed the association between TFR expression and prognosis or clinicopathologic factors. In addition, the regulation of malignant activity and its effect on the efficacy of ferroptosis inducers were investigated in vitro. RESULTS For this study, 350 patients were divided into TFR-positive (n =180, 51.4%) and TFR-negative (n = 170, 48.6%) groups. The TFR-positive group had more hepatitis B surface antigen (HBs-Ag) (p = 0.0230), higher α-fetoprotein (AFP) levels (p = 0.0023), higher des-gamma-carboxyprothrombin (DCP) levels (p = 0.0327), a larger tumor size (p = 0.0090), greater proportions of Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) stage B or C (p = 0.0005), poor differentiation (p < 0.0001), and microscopic intrahepatic metastasis (p = 0.0066). In the multivariate analyses, TFR expression was an independent prognostic factor in disease-free survival (p = 0.0315). In vitro, TFRC knockdown decreased cell motility. In addition, TFRC knockdown abolished artesunate (AS)-, lenvatinib-, and sorafenib-induced ferroptosis in HCC cell lines. The study demonstrated that simultaneous treatment of AS with multi-kinase inhibitor augmented the ferroptosis-inducing effects of AS in HCC cell lines. CONCLUSION TFR expression is a poor prognostic factor in HCC, but its expression increases sensitivity to ferroptosis-inducing agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maki Hiromatsu
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Katsuya Toshida
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shinji Itoh
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
| | - Noboru Harada
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kenichi Kohashi
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshinao Oda
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tomoharu Yoshizumi
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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Implications of Crosstalk between Exosome-Mediated Ferroptosis and Diseases for Pathogenesis and Treatment. Cells 2023; 12:cells12020311. [PMID: 36672245 PMCID: PMC9856458 DOI: 10.3390/cells12020311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a type of iron-dependent cell death caused by ferrous iron overload, reactive oxygen species generation through the Fenton reaction, and lipid peroxidation, leading to antioxidative system dysfunction and, ultimately, cell membrane damage. The functional role of ferroptosis in human physiology and pathology is considered a cause or consequence of diseases. Circulating exosomes mediate intercellular communication and organ crosstalk. They not only transport functional proteins and nucleic acids derived from parental cells but also serve as vehicles for the targeted delivery of exogenous cargo. Exosomes regulate ferroptosis by delivering the biological material to the recipient cell, affecting ferroptosis-related proteins, or transporting ferritin-bound iron out of the cell. This review discusses pathogenesis mediated by endogenous exosomes and the therapeutic potential of exogenous exosomes for ferroptosis-related diseases. In addition, this review explores the role of exosome-mediated ferroptosis in ferroptosis-related diseases with an emphasis on strategies for engineering exosomes for ferroptosis therapy.
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12
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The Emerging Role of Tumor Microenvironmental Stimuli in Regulating Metabolic Rewiring of Liver Cancer Stem Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 15:cancers15010005. [PMID: 36612000 PMCID: PMC9817521 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary liver cancer (PLC) is one of the most devastating cancers worldwide. Extensive phenotypical and functional heterogeneity is a cardinal hallmark of cancer, including PLC, and is related to the cancer stem cell (CSC) concept. CSCs are responsible for tumor growth, progression, relapse and resistance to conventional therapies. Metabolic reprogramming represents an emerging hallmark of cancer. Cancer cells, including CSCs, are very plastic and possess the dynamic ability to constantly shift between different metabolic states depending on various intrinsic and extrinsic stimuli, therefore amplifying the complexity of understanding tumor heterogeneity. Besides the well-known Warburg effect, several other metabolic pathways including lipids and iron metabolism are altered in PLC. An increasing number of studies supports the role of the surrounding tumor microenvironment (TME) in the metabolic control of liver CSCs. In this review, we discuss the complex metabolic rewiring affecting liver cancer cells and, in particular, liver CSCs. Moreover, we highlight the role of TME cellular and noncellular components in regulating liver CSC metabolic plasticity. Deciphering the specific mechanisms regulating liver CSC-TME metabolic interplay could be very helpful with respect to the development of more effective and innovative combinatorial therapies for PLC treatment.
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13
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Zhang G. Regulatory T-cells-related signature for identifying a prognostic subtype of hepatocellular carcinoma with an exhausted tumor microenvironment. Front Immunol 2022; 13:975762. [PMID: 36189226 PMCID: PMC9521506 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.975762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulatory T-Cells (Tregs) are important in the progression of hepatocellular cancer (HCC). The goal of this work was to look into Tregs-related genes and develop a Tregs-related prognostic model. We used the weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) to look for Tregs-related genes in the TCGA, ICGC, and GSE14520 cohorts and then used the non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) algorithm to find Tregs-related subpopulations. The LASSO-Cox regression approach was used to determine Tregs-related genes, which were then condensed into a risk score. A total of 153 overlapping genes among the three cohorts were considered Tregs-related genes. Based on these genes, two Tregs-associated clusters that varied in both prognostic and biological characteristics were identified. When compared with Cluster 1, Cluster 2 was a TME-exhausted HCC subpopulation with substantial immune cell infiltration but a poor prognosis. Five Tregs-related genes including HMOX1, MMP9, CTSC, SDC3, and TNFRSF11B were finally used to construct a prognostic model, which could accurately predict the prognosis of HCC patients in the three datasets. Patients in the high-risk scores group with bad survival outcomes were replete with immune/inflammatory responses, but exhausted T cells and elevated PD-1 and PD-L1 expression. The results of qRT-PCR and immunohistochemical staining (IHC) analysis in clinical tissue samples confirmed the above findings. Moreover, the signature also accurately predicted anti-PD-L1 antibody responses in the IMvigor210 dataset. Finally, HMOX1, MMP9, and TNFRSF11B were expressed differently in Hep3B and Huh7 cells after being treated with a PD1/PD-L1 inhibitor. In conclusion, our study uncovered a Tregs-related prognostic model that could identify TME- exhausted subpopulations and revealed that PD1/PD-L1 inhibitors could alter the expression levels of HMOX1, MMP9, and TNFRSF11B in Hep3B and Huh7 cells, which might help us better understand Tregs infiltration and develop personalized immunotherapy treatments for HCC patients.
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14
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Iron metabolism in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a promising therapeutic target. LIVER RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livres.2022.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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15
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Wang D, Wu H, Yang J, Li M, Ling C, Gao Z, Lu H, Shen H, Tang Y. Loss of SLC46A1 decreases tumor iron content in hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatol Commun 2022; 6:2914-2924. [PMID: 35811443 PMCID: PMC9512484 DOI: 10.1002/hep4.2031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
It is interesting that high iron is an independent inducer or cofactor of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) while the amount of iron is decreased in the liver tumor tissues. Due to the previous findings that iron deficiency promoted HCC metastasis, it is of significance to identify the underlying mechanism of iron deficiency in HCC. The tumor iron content and expressions of iron‐metabolic molecules were observed in the primary liver cancers of rats and mice. The molecules that changed independently of iron were identified by comparing the expression profiles in the human HCC tissues and iron‐deprived HCC cells. The downstream effects of these molecules on regulating intracellular iron content were investigated in vitro and further validated in vivo. Both in primary liver cancers of rats and mice, we confirmed the decreased iron content in tumor tissues and the altered expressions of iron‐metabolic molecules, including transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1), six‐transmembrane epithelial antigen of prostate 3 (STEAP3), divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1), SLC46A1, ferroportin, hepcidin, and ferritin. Among these, STEAP3, DMT1, and SLC46A1 were altered free of iron deficiency. However, only silence or overexpression of SLC46A1 controlled the intracellular iron content of HCC cells. The interventions of STEAP3 or DMT1 could not change the intracellular iron content. Lentivirus‐mediated regain of SLC46A1 expression restored the iron content in orthotopically implanted tumors, with correspondingly changes in the iron‐metabolic molecules as iron increasing. Conclusion: Taken together, these results suggest that the loss of SLC46A1 expression leads to iron deficiency in liver tumor tissues, which would be an effective target to manage iron homeostasis in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyao Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huiwen Wu
- Department of Nutrition, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Nutrition, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianxin Yang
- Department of Nutrition, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Nutrition, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Changquan Ling
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zelong Gao
- Department of Nutrition, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongtao Lu
- Department of Nutrition, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Shen
- Department of Nutrition, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuxiao Tang
- Department of Nutrition, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
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16
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Fan Z, Duan J, Luo P, Shao L, Chen Q, Tan X, Zhang L, Xu X. SLC25A38 as a novel biomarker for metastasis and clinical outcome in uveal melanoma. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:330. [PMID: 35411037 PMCID: PMC9001737 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04718-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Risk of metastasis is increased by the presence of chromosome 3 monosomy in uveal melanoma (UM). This study aimed to identify more accurate biomarker for risk of metastasis in UM. A total of 80 patients with UM from TCGA were assigned to two groups based on the metastatic status, and bioinformatic analyses were performed to search for critical genes for risk of metastasis. SLC25A38, located on chromosome 3, was the dominant downregulated gene in metastatic UM patients. Low expression of SLC25A38 was an independent predictive and prognostic factor in UM. The predictive potential of SLC25A38 expression was superior to that of pervious reported biomarkers in both TCGA cohort and GSE22138 cohort. Subsequently, its role in promoting metastasis was explored in vitro and in vivo. Knock-out of SLC25A38 could enhance the migration ability of UM cells, and promote distant metastasis in mice models. Through the inhibition of CBP/HIF-mediated pathway followed by the suppression of pro-angiogenic factors, SLC25A38 was situated upstream of metastasis-related pathways, especially angiogenesis. Low expression of SLC25A38 promotes angiogenesis and metastasis, and identifies increased metastatic risk and worse survival in UM patients. This finding may further improve the accuracy of prognostic prediction for UM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyi Fan
- Department of Oncology and Bio-therapeutic Center, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Second Hospital Affiliated to Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen Research Center for Communicable Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Shenzhen, 518112, China.,Department of Oncology, The First Medical Center, General Hospital of PLA, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Jingjing Duan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Pu Luo
- Department of Oncology and Bio-therapeutic Center, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Second Hospital Affiliated to Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen Research Center for Communicable Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Shenzhen, 518112, China
| | - Ling Shao
- Department of Oncology and Bio-therapeutic Center, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Second Hospital Affiliated to Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen Research Center for Communicable Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Shenzhen, 518112, China
| | - Qiong Chen
- Department of Oncology and Bio-therapeutic Center, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Second Hospital Affiliated to Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen Research Center for Communicable Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Shenzhen, 518112, China
| | - Xiaohua Tan
- Department of Oncology and Bio-therapeutic Center, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Second Hospital Affiliated to Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen Research Center for Communicable Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Shenzhen, 518112, China.
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xuanwu Hospital Attached to the Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
| | - Xiaojie Xu
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, 100850, China.
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Ren P, Wang K, Ma J, Cao X, Zhao J, Zhao C, Guo Y, Ye H. Autoantibody Against Ferritin Light Chain is a Serum Biomarker for the Detection of Liver Cirrhosis but Not Liver Cancer. J Hepatocell Carcinoma 2022; 9:221-232. [PMID: 35378780 PMCID: PMC8976487 DOI: 10.2147/jhc.s352057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Ferritin is a protein that plays an important role in iron metabolism, it consists of two subunits: heavy chain (FTH) and light chain (FTL). Elevated expression of FTL is observed in multiple malignancies. Recent studies have found that the frequency of circulating autoantibody against FTL (anti-FTL) increased significantly in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The aim of this study is to verify circulating anti-FTL as a biomarker for the early detection of HCC. Patients and Methods A total of 1565 participants were enrolled and assigned to two independent validation cohorts, including 393 HCC patients, 379 liver cirrhosis (LC) patients, 400 chronic hepatitis (CH) patients, and 393 healthy subjects. The concentration of serum anti-FTL was measured by indirect Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Kruskal–Wallis test was used to compare anti-FTL concentrations between HCC group and three control groups. Percentile 95 of anti-FTL absorbance value of healthy group was selected as the cut-off value to calculate the positive rate in each group. The area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was used to quantitatively describe its diagnostic value. Results The median concentration of anti-FTL in HCC patients was higher than that in CH patients and healthy subjects, but there was no difference between HCC patients and LC patients. Further analysis showed that there was no difference between early stage LC, advanced stage LC, Child-Pugh A HCC, Child-Pugh B HCC and Child-Pugh C HCC. The positive rate of anti-FTL was 12.2% (48/393) in HCC, 13.5% (51/379) in LC, 6.3% (25/400) in CH and 5.1% (20/393) in healthy subjects, respectively. The AUC of anti-FTL to distinguish LC from CH or healthy subjects were 0.654 (95% CI: 0.615–0.692) and 0.642 (95% CI: 0.602–0.681), respectively. Conclusion Anti-FTL is not a biomarker for the early diagnosis of HCC due to specificity deficiency, but may be helpful for the early detection of LC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Ren
- Department of Molecular Pathology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Keyan Wang
- Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Ma
- Department of Molecular Pathology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqin Cao
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiuzhou Zhao
- Department of Molecular Pathology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chengzhi Zhao
- Department of Molecular Pathology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yongjun Guo
- Department of Molecular Pathology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Yongjun Guo, Department of Molecular Pathology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 127 Dongming Road, Zhengzhou, 450008, People’s Republic of China, Fax +86 371 65587506 Email
| | - Hua Ye
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology and State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Hua Ye, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, People’s Republic of China, Fax +86 371 67781248, Email
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Sphingosine-1-phosphate transporter spinster homolog 2 is essential for iron-regulated metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma. Mol Ther 2022; 30:703-713. [PMID: 34547466 PMCID: PMC8821935 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2021.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Iron dyshomeostasis is associated with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development. However, the role of iron in HCC metastasis is unknown. This study aimed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of iron's enhancement activity on HCC metastasis. In addition to the HCC cell lines and clinical samples in vitro, iron-deficient (ID) mouse models were generated using iron-free diet and transferrin receptor protein knockout, followed by administration of HCC tumors through either orthotopic or ectopic route. Clinical metastatic HCC samples showed significant ID status, accompanied by overexpression of sphingosine-1-phosphate transporter spinster homolog 2 (SPNS2). Mechanistically, ID increased SPNS2 expression, leading to HCC metastasis in both cell cultures and mouse models. ID not only altered the anti-tumor immunity, which was indicated by phenotypes of lymphatic subsets in the liver and lung of tumor-bearing mice, but also promoted HCC metastasis in a cancer cell autonomous manner through the SPNS2. Since germline knockout of globe SPNS2 showed significantly reduced HCC metastasis, we further developed hepatic-targeting recombinant adeno-associated virus vectors to knockdown SPNS2 expression and to inhibit iron-regulated HCC metastasis. Our observation indicates the role of iron in HCC pulmonary metastasis and suggests SPNS2 as a potential therapeutic target for the prevention of HCC pulmonary metastasis.
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Exosome-Derived lncRNA NEAT1 Exacerbates Sepsis-Associated Encephalopathy by Promoting Ferroptosis Through Regulating miR-9-5p/TFRC and GOT1 Axis. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:1954-1969. [PMID: 35038133 PMCID: PMC8882117 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-02738-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Sepsis can cause sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE), but whether SAE was induced or exacerbated by ferroptosis remains unknown. In this study, the rat sepsis model was constructed using the cecal ligation and puncture method. The blood–brain barrier (BBB) permeability was measured by Evans blue dye (EBD) in vivo. The levels of ROS, Fe ion, MDA, GSH, and GPX4 were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The exosomes isolated from serum were cultured with bEnd.3 cells for the in vitro analysis. Moreover, bEnd.3 cells cultured with 100 μM FeCl3 (iron-rich) were to simulate ferroptosis stress. The cell viability was evaluated by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. A dual-luciferase reporter gene assay was performed to confirm the relationship between miR-9-5p with NEAT1, TFRC, and GOT1. In vivo, it is found that BBB permeability was damaged in model rats. Level of ROS, Fe ion, and MDA was increased, and level of GSH and GPX4 was decreased, which means ferroptosis was induced by sepsis. Exosome-packaged NEAT1 in serum was significantly upregulated in model rats. In vitro, it is found that NEAT1 functions as a ceRNA for miR-9-5p to facilitate TFRC and GOT1 expression. Overexpression of NEAT1 enhanced ferroptosis stress in bEnd.3 cells. Increased miR-9-5p alleviated sepsis-induced ferroptosis by suppressing the expression of TFRC and GOT1 both in vivo and in vitro. In conclusion, these findings suggest that sepsis induced high expression of serous exosome-derived NEAT1, and it might exacerbate SAE by promoting ferroptosis through regulating miR-9-5p/TFRC and GOT1 axis.
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Zhang Z, Papa Akuetteh PD, Lin L, Wu Y, Li Y, Huang W, Ni H, Lv H, Zhang Q. Development and validation of a ferroptosis-related model for three digestive tract tumors based on a pan-cancer analysis. Epigenomics 2021; 13:1497-1514. [PMID: 34581636 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2021-0261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims: To develop a ferroptosis gene-based survival-predictor model for predicting the prognosis of patients with digestive tract tumors, a pan-caner analysis was performed. Materials & methods: Based on unsupervised clustering and the expression levels of ferroptosis genes, patients with cancer were divided into two clusters. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator method Cox regression analysis was used to establish the survival-predictor model. Results: Based on the pan-cancer analysis, a 20 gene-based survival-predictor model for predicting survival rates was developed, which was validated in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Conclusion: The survival-predictor model accurately predicted the prognosis of patients with digestive tract tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongjing Zhang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325015, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Percy David Papa Akuetteh
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325015, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Leilei Lin
- First school of Clinical Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yiyang Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Yimeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis & Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, 325015, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Weiguo Huang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325015, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Haizhen Ni
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325015, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Heping Lv
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325015, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Qiyu Zhang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325015, Zhejiang Province, China
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LncRNA RP1-86C11.7 exacerbates the glioma progression and oncogenicity by hsa-miR-144-3p/TFRC signaling. Transl Oncol 2021; 14:101215. [PMID: 34571345 PMCID: PMC8484814 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2021.101215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
High level of TFRC promotes the glioma development. Hsa-miR-144-3p inhibitor glioma growth by targeting TFRC. LncRNA RP1-86C11.7 exacerbates glioma progression through sponging to hsa-miR-144-3p, resulting in TFRC upregulation.
Glioblastoma (GBM) remains the most common and malignant tumor of the human central nervous system. Increasing evidence has highlighted that tumor cells with high transferrin receptor (TFRC) expression show advantages in growth. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are related to glioma progression by mediating microRNAs (miRNAs). However, the underlying mechanism among TFRC, miRNA and lncRNA in GBM is limited. In the current study, we identified a new lncRNA-induced signaling mechanism that regulates the TFRC levels in GBM. The TFRC level was higher in glioma cell lines, and elevated TFRC expression promoted the proliferation and survival of glioma cells. Further study showed that hsa-miR-144a-3p bound to the 3′-UTR of TFRC mRNA and inhibited its expression, preventing the malignant properties of glioma cells, such as proliferation and survival. We also found that the lncRNA RP1-86C11.7 sponges hsa-miR-144-3p to suppress its protective role in glioma. RP1-86C11.7 overexpression in glioma cells elevated TFRC expression, increased the intracellular free iron level, and deteriorated oncogenicity, with a significant reduction in hsa-miR-144-3p. By contrast, silencing RP1-86C11.7 upregulated the hsa-miR-144-3p level, resulting in decreased TFRC expression and repressed glioma progression. However, the effect of silencing RP1-86C11.7 was reversed with simultaneous hsa-miR-144-3p inhibitor treatment: the TFRC level, intracellular iron level and proliferation in glioma cells increased. Mechanistically, our data indicated that RP1-86C11.7 exacerbates the malignant behavior of glioma through the hsa-miR-144-3p/TFRC axis. RP1-86C11.7 may be a potential biomarker or target to treat glioma in the future.
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Song Y, Jin X, Liu Y, Wang S, Bian F, Zhao Q, Shi H, Gao Z. Long noncoding RNA ZFPM2-AS1 promotes the proliferation, migration, and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma cells by regulating the miR-576-3p/HIF-1α axis. Anticancer Drugs 2021; 32:812-821. [PMID: 34102651 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000001070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNA (LncRNA) zinc finger protein multitype 2 antisense RNA 1 (ZFPM2-AS1) is highly expressed in a variety of tumors and is involved in promoting the malignant biological behaviors of cancer cells. However, the mechanism of ZFPM2-AS1 in the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains to be explored. The ZFPM2-AS1 expression in HCC was measured by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR); cell counting kit-8, 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU), and transwell assays were used to confirm the biological functions of ZFPM2-AS1 in regulating the malignant biological behaviors of HCC cells; the luciferase reporter gene assay was employed to detect whether ZFPM2-AS1 could bind to microRNA (miR)-576-3p; the regulatory relationship between ZFPM2-AS1 and miR-576-3p was probed by qRT-PCR; the effects of ZFPM2-AS1 and miR-576-3p on the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) were detected by qRT-PCR and Western blot. The expression of ZFPM2-AS1 in HCC tissues, compared with that in normal liver tissues, was significantly upregulated. Knockdown of ZFPM2-AS1 markedly inhibited HCC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion while the overexpression of ZFPM2-AS1 worked oppositely. miR-576-3p could reverse the effects of ZFPM2-AS1 on the biological behaviors of HCC cells. Besides, ZFPM2-AS1 could bind to miR-576-3p and positively regulate the expression of HIF-1α, a target gene of miR-576-3p, by adsorbing miR-576-3p. ZFPM2-AS1 is abnormally highly expressed in HCC and facilitates proliferation, migration, and invasion of HCC cells by adsorbing miR-576-3p and upregulating HIF-1α expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubao Song
- Second Department of General Surgery, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital, Taiyuan
| | - Xin Jin
- Department of Oncology, Ward II, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou
| | - Yong Liu
- Department of Oncology, Ward II, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou
| | - Shuiying Wang
- Department of Oncology, Ward II, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou
| | - Fang Bian
- Department of Oncology, Ward II, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou
| | - Qingqing Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Ward II, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou
| | - Hanping Shi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zefeng Gao
- Second Department of General Surgery, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital, Taiyuan
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A Novel 8-Gene Prognostic Signature for Survival Prediction of Uveal Melanoma. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 2021:6693219. [PMID: 34434692 PMCID: PMC8382551 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6693219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Revised: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Background Uveal melanoma (UM) has favorable local tumor control, but once metastasis develops, the prognosis is rather poor. Thus, it is urgent to develop metastasis predicting markers. Objective Our study investigated a novel gene expression-based signature in predicting metastasis for patients with UM. Methods In the discovery phase, 63 patients with UM from GEO data set GSE22138 were analyzed using the Weighted Correlation Network Analysis (WGCNA) to identify metastasis-related hub genes. The Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (Lasso) Cox regression was used to select candidate genes and build a gene expression signature. In the validation phase, the signature was validated in The Cancer Genome Atlas database. Results Forty-one genes were identified as hub genes of metastasis by WGCNA. After the Lasso Cox regression analysis, eight genes including RPL10A, EIF1B, TIPARP, RPL15, SLC25A38, PHLDA1, TFDP2, and MEGF10 were highlighted as candidate predictors. The gene expression signature for UM (UMPS) could independently predict MFS by univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis. Incorporating UMPS increased the AUC of the traditional clinical model. In the validation cohort, UMPS performed well in predicting the MFS of UM patients. Conclusions UMPS, an eight-gene-based signature, is useful in predicting prognosis for patients with UM.
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Characterization of ferroptosis signature to evaluate the predict prognosis and immunotherapy in glioblastoma. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:17655-17672. [PMID: 34244461 PMCID: PMC8312442 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common type of brain cancer with poor survival outcomes and unsatisfactory response to current therapeutic strategies. Recent studies have demonstrated that ferroptosis-related genes (FRGs) are linked with the occurrence and development of GBM and may become promising biological indicators in GBM therapy. METHODS We systematically assessed the relationship between FRGs expression profiles and prognosis in glioma patients based on the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) datasets to establish a risk score model according to the gene signature of multiple survival-associated DEGs. Further, the differences between the tumor microenvironment score, immune cell infiltration, immune checkpoint expression levels, and drug sensitivity in the high- and low-risk group are analyzed through a variety of algorithms in R software. RESULTS GBM patients were divided into two subgroups (high- and low-risk) according to the established risk score model. Patients in the high-risk group showed significantly reduced overall survival compared with those in the low-risk group. Also, we found that the high-risk group showed higher ImmuneScore and StromalScore, while different subgroups have significant differences in immune cell infiltration, immune checkpoint expression levels, and drug sensitivity. In summary, we developed and validated an FRGs risk model, which served as an independent prognostic indicator for GBM. Besides, the two subgroups divided by the model have significant differences, which provides novel insights for further studies as well as the personalized treatment of patients.
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Dobre M, Boscencu R, Neagoe IV, Surcel M, Milanesi E, Manda G. Insight into the Web of Stress Responses Triggered at Gene Expression Level by Porphyrin-PDT in HT29 Human Colon Carcinoma Cells. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13071032. [PMID: 34371724 PMCID: PMC8309054 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13071032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT), a highly targeted therapy with acceptable side effects, has emerged as a promising therapeutic option in oncologic pathology. One of the issues that needs to be addressed is related to the complex network of cellular responses developed by tumor cells in response to PDT. In this context, this study aims to characterize in vitro the stressors and the corresponding cellular responses triggered by PDT in the human colon carcinoma HT29 cell line, using a new asymmetric porphyrin derivative (P2.2) as a photosensitizer. Besides investigating the ability of P2.2-PDT to reduce the number of viable tumor cells at various P2.2 concentrations and fluences of the activating light, we assessed, using qRT-PCR, the expression levels of 84 genes critically involved in the stress response of PDT-treated cells. Results showed a fluence-dependent decrease of viable tumor cells at 24 h post-PDT, with few cells that seem to escape from PDT. We highlighted following P2.2-PDT the concomitant activation of particular cellular responses to oxidative stress, hypoxia, DNA damage and unfolded protein responses and inflammation. A web of inter-connected stressors was induced by P2.2-PDT, which underlies cell death but also elicits protective mechanisms that may delay tumor cell death or even defend these cells against the deleterious effects of PDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Dobre
- Radiobiology Department, Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, 99-101 Splaiul Independentei, 050096 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Rica Boscencu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia Street, 020956 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ionela Victoria Neagoe
- Radiobiology Department, Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, 99-101 Splaiul Independentei, 050096 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihaela Surcel
- Radiobiology Department, Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, 99-101 Splaiul Independentei, 050096 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Elena Milanesi
- Radiobiology Department, Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, 99-101 Splaiul Independentei, 050096 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Gina Manda
- Radiobiology Department, Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, 99-101 Splaiul Independentei, 050096 Bucharest, Romania
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Fiorito V, Allocco AL, Petrillo S, Gazzano E, Torretta S, Marchi S, Destefanis F, Pacelli C, Audrito V, Provero P, Medico E, Chiabrando D, Porporato PE, Cancelliere C, Bardelli A, Trusolino L, Capitanio N, Deaglio S, Altruda F, Pinton P, Cardaci S, Riganti C, Tolosano E. The heme synthesis-export system regulates the tricarboxylic acid cycle flux and oxidative phosphorylation. Cell Rep 2021; 35:109252. [PMID: 34133926 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Heme is an iron-containing porphyrin of vital importance for cell energetic metabolism. High rates of heme synthesis are commonly observed in proliferating cells. Moreover, the cell-surface heme exporter feline leukemia virus subgroup C receptor 1a (FLVCR1a) is overexpressed in several tumor types. However, the reasons why heme synthesis and export are enhanced in highly proliferating cells remain unknown. Here, we illustrate a functional axis between heme synthesis and heme export: heme efflux through the plasma membrane sustains heme synthesis, and implementation of the two processes down-modulates the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle flux and oxidative phosphorylation. Conversely, inhibition of heme export reduces heme synthesis and promotes the TCA cycle fueling and flux as well as oxidative phosphorylation. These data indicate that the heme synthesis-export system modulates the TCA cycle and oxidative metabolism and provide a mechanistic basis for the observation that both processes are enhanced in cells with high-energy demand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Fiorito
- Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC), Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Anna Lucia Allocco
- Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC), Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Sara Petrillo
- Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC), Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Elena Gazzano
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Simone Torretta
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Saverio Marchi
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy
| | - Francesca Destefanis
- Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC), Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Consiglia Pacelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Valentina Audrito
- Immunogenetics Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Paolo Provero
- Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC), Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy; Center for Omics Sciences, San Raffaele Scientific Institute IRCSS, Milano, Italy
| | - Enzo Medico
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Candiolo, TO, Italy; Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, TO, Italy
| | - Deborah Chiabrando
- Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC), Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Paolo Ettore Porporato
- Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC), Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | | | - Alberto Bardelli
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Candiolo, TO, Italy; Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, TO, Italy
| | - Livio Trusolino
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Candiolo, TO, Italy; Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, TO, Italy
| | - Nazzareno Capitanio
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Silvia Deaglio
- Immunogenetics Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Fiorella Altruda
- Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC), Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Paolo Pinton
- Department of Medical Sciences and Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Simone Cardaci
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Chiara Riganti
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Emanuela Tolosano
- Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC), Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.
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Lossow K, Schwarz M, Kipp AP. Are trace element concentrations suitable biomarkers for the diagnosis of cancer? Redox Biol 2021; 42:101900. [PMID: 33642247 PMCID: PMC8113050 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.101900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite advances in cancer research, cancer is still one of the leading causes of death worldwide. An early diagnosis substantially increases the survival rate and treatment success. Thus, it is important to establish biomarkers which could reliably identify cancer patients. As cancer is associated with changes in the systemic trace element status and distribution, serum concentrations of selenium, iron, copper, and zinc could contribute to an early diagnosis. To test this hypothesis, case control studies measuring trace elements in cancer patients vs. matched controls were selected and discussed focusing on lung, prostate, breast, and colorectal cancer. Overall, cancer patients had elevated serum copper and diminished zinc levels, while selenium and iron did not show consistent changes for all four cancer types. Within the tumor tissue, mainly copper and selenium are accumulating. Whether these concentrations also predict the survival probability of cancer patients needs to be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Lossow
- Department of Molecular Nutritional Physiology, Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, 07743, Germany; TraceAge-DFG Research Unit on Interactions of Essential Trace Elements in Healthy and Diseased Elderly, Potsdam-Berlin-Jena-Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Maria Schwarz
- Department of Molecular Nutritional Physiology, Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, 07743, Germany; TraceAge-DFG Research Unit on Interactions of Essential Trace Elements in Healthy and Diseased Elderly, Potsdam-Berlin-Jena-Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Anna P Kipp
- Department of Molecular Nutritional Physiology, Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, 07743, Germany; TraceAge-DFG Research Unit on Interactions of Essential Trace Elements in Healthy and Diseased Elderly, Potsdam-Berlin-Jena-Wuppertal, Germany.
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28
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Han F, Li W, Chen T, Yao Y, Li J, Wang D, Wang Z. Ferroptosis-related genes for predicting prognosis of patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2021; 278:2919-2925. [PMID: 33818649 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-021-06789-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies reported that ferroptosis-related genes can regulate the process of tumor cell changes by regulating iron metabolism. However, the prognostic value of ferroptosis-related genes in LC remains to be further elucidated. METHODS Ferroptosis-related gene expression profiles of coexisting ferroptosis-related genes were extracted from both cohorts (TCGA and GSE27020) for eligible analysis. LASSO Cox regression was utilized to build an optimum ferroptosis-related prognostic model. Kaplan-Meier curve was performed by log-rank test, and time-dependent ROC curve was constructed to evaluate the predictive power of this signature in both cohorts. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis was used to investigate the potential mechanism of differential enrichment signal pathways. RESULTS 112 LC patients from the TCGA cohort and 108 LC patients with clinical information from the GEO cohorts were eventually included in the study. Three ferroptosis-related genes were identified as an independent risk factor to establish the prognostic risk score. Kaplan-Meier curve represented that patients with high-risk group favors with worse OS than their low-risk group (P = 0.04). The good performance of the gene signature for predicting OS was evaluated by area under the curve (AUC) of time-dependent ROC curves achieved 0.74 at 3 years, and 0.70 at 5 years. Similar performance has been proved in the external validation cohort. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis have been performed to explore the signaling pathways and underlying mechanisms were significantly active in LC patients. CONCLUSION In summary, our study developed a ferroptosis-related model that could be an effective biomarker to predict the prognosis of laryngeal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Han
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of DaLian University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.
| | - Wenfei Li
- Department of Radiology, The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, Hebei, China
| | - Tao Chen
- Department of PET-CT, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
| | - Yutong Yao
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of DaLian University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Jinglong Li
- Department of Radiology, The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, Hebei, China
| | - Di Wang
- Department of Endocrine, The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, Hebei, China
| | - Zhanqiu Wang
- Department of Radiology, The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, Hebei, China
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Zhou S, Zhang M, Zhou C, Meng Y, Yang H, Ye W. FLVCR1 Predicts Poor Prognosis and Promotes Malignant Phenotype in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma via Upregulating CSE1L. Front Oncol 2021; 11:660955. [PMID: 33842377 PMCID: PMC8027484 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.660955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Dysregulation of feline leukemia virus subgroup C receptor 1(FLVCR1) expression has been investigated in several tumors. However, the expression and role of FLVCR1 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remain largely unknown. Methods FLVCR1 expression in tissues was measured by immunohistochemical staining (IHC). Celigo assay, MTT assay, colony formation, caspase 3/7 activity analysis, wound healing assay, Transwell migration, and invasion assay were applied to assess the effects of FLVCR1 on ESCC tumorigenesis. Coimmunoprecipitation (Co-IP) and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) were used to identify protein interactions with FLVCR1. An in vivo imaging system (IVIS) was used to investigate the functions of FLVCR1 on the growth and metastatic capability of ESCC cells in a xenograft model and a tail vein metastasis model. Results Elevated expression of FLVCR1 was detected in ESCC tissues and predicted poor survival. Upregulated FLVCR1 was positively correlated with lymph node metastasis (N stage) and late tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage. FLVCR1 knockdown inhibited cell proliferation and colony formation ability, induced cell apoptosis, and repressed cell migration and invasion of ESCC in vitro. Inhibition of FLVCR1 markedly repressed tumorigenicity and metastasis of ESCC cells in vivo. Mechanistically, chromosome segregation 1–like (CSE1L) was identified to interact with FLVCR1 using a Co-IP assay. Moreover, the inhibitory effect of FLVCR1 knockdown on proliferation and migration was counteracted by the exogenous expression of CSE1L. Conclusion FLVCR1 plays a pivotal role in ESCC cell survival, growth, and migration. These functions may be partially dependent upon the protein interaction between FLVCR1 and CSE1L. In addition, FLVCR1 can be applied as a clinical prognostic marker for patients with ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suna Zhou
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Taizhou Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, China.,Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Taizhou Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Minimally Invasive Techniques & Rapid Rehabilitation of Digestive System Tumor of Zhejiang Province, Taizhou, China
| | - Mingxin Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chao Zhou
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Taizhou Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, China.,Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Taizhou Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Minimally Invasive Techniques & Rapid Rehabilitation of Digestive System Tumor of Zhejiang Province, Taizhou, China
| | - Yinnan Meng
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Taizhou Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, China.,Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Taizhou Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Minimally Invasive Techniques & Rapid Rehabilitation of Digestive System Tumor of Zhejiang Province, Taizhou, China
| | - Haihua Yang
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Taizhou Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, China.,Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Taizhou Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Minimally Invasive Techniques & Rapid Rehabilitation of Digestive System Tumor of Zhejiang Province, Taizhou, China
| | - Wenguang Ye
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Taizhou Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, China
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Candelaria PV, Leoh LS, Penichet ML, Daniels-Wells TR. Antibodies Targeting the Transferrin Receptor 1 (TfR1) as Direct Anti-cancer Agents. Front Immunol 2021; 12:607692. [PMID: 33815364 PMCID: PMC8010148 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.607692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1), also known as cluster of differentiation 71 (CD71), is a type II transmembrane glycoprotein that binds transferrin (Tf) and performs a critical role in cellular iron uptake through the interaction with iron-bound Tf. Iron is required for multiple cellular processes and is essential for DNA synthesis and, thus, cellular proliferation. Due to its central role in cancer cell pathology, malignant cells often overexpress TfR1 and this increased expression can be associated with poor prognosis in different types of cancer. The elevated levels of TfR1 expression on malignant cells, together with its extracellular accessibility, ability to internalize, and central role in cancer cell pathology make this receptor an attractive target for antibody-mediated therapy. The TfR1 can be targeted by antibodies for cancer therapy in two distinct ways: (1) indirectly through the use of antibodies conjugated to anti-cancer agents that are internalized by receptor-mediated endocytosis or (2) directly through the use of antibodies that disrupt the function of the receptor and/or induce Fc effector functions, such as antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC), antibody-dependent cell-mediated phagocytosis (ADCP), or complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC). Although TfR1 has been used extensively as a target for antibody-mediated cancer therapy over the years, interest continues to increase for both targeting the receptor for delivery purposes and for its use as direct anti-cancer agents. This review focuses on the developments in the use of antibodies targeting TfR1 as direct anti-tumor agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre V. Candelaria
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Lai Sum Leoh
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Manuel L. Penichet
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- The Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- UCLA AIDS Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Tracy R. Daniels-Wells
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, United States
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Liu B, Song Z, Fan Y, Zhang G, Cao P, Li D, Liu X, Chang Y, Tan K. Downregulation of FPN1 acts as a prognostic biomarker associated with immune infiltration in lung cancer. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:8737-8761. [PMID: 33714956 PMCID: PMC8034901 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer morbidity and mortality remain the leading causes of tumor-associated death worldwide. The discovery of early diagnostic and prognostic markers of lung cancer could significantly improve the survival rate and decrease the mortality rate. FPN1 is the only known mammalian iron exporter. However, the molecular and biological functions of FPN1 in lung cancer remain unclear. Here, FPN1 mRNA expression in lung cancer was estimated using the TCGA, Oncomine, TIMER, and UALCAN databases. The prognostic role of FPN1 was evaluated using Kaplan-Meier plotter and PrognoScan. Associations between FPN1 and immune infiltration in lung cancer were evaluated by the TIMER and CIBERSORT algorithms. FPN1 mRNA and protein expressions were significantly downregulated in lung cancer. Low FPN1 expression was strongly related to worse prognosis in patients with lung cancer. GO and KEGG analyses and GSEA suggested that FPN1 was remarkably related to iron homeostasis and immunity. Importantly, FPN1 was remarkably associated with the infiltrating abundance of multiple immune cells. Moreover, FPN1 displayed a strong correlation with various immune marker sets. We investigated the clinical application value of FPN1 and provided a basis for the sensitive diagnosis, prognostication and targeted therapy of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei Province, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, Hebei, China
| | - Zhiyuan Song
- Department of Neurosurgery, HanDan Central Hospital, Handan 056001, Hebei, China
| | - Yumei Fan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei Province, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, Hebei, China
| | - Guangyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei Province, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, Hebei, China
| | - Pengxiu Cao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei Province, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, Hebei, China
| | - Danyu Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei Province, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, Hebei, China
| | - Xiaopeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei Province, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, Hebei, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei, China
| | - Yanzhong Chang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei Province, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, Hebei, China
| | - Ke Tan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei Province, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, Hebei, China
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Xu W, Guo W, Lu P, Ma D, Liu L, Yu F. Identification of an autophagy-related gene signature predicting overall survival for hepatocellular carcinoma. Biosci Rep 2021; 41:BSR20203231. [PMID: 33351066 PMCID: PMC7812060 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20203231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The poor prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) calls for the development of accurate prognostic models. The growing number of studies indicating a correlation between autophagy activity and HCC indicates there is a commitment to finding solutions for the prognosis of HCC from the perspective of autophagy. We used a cohort in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) to evaluate the expression of autophagy-related genes in 371 HCC samples using univariate Cox and lasso Cox regression analysis, and the prognostic features were identified. A prognostic model was established by combining the expression of selected genes with the multivariate Cox regression coefficient of each gene. Eight autophagy-related genes were selected as prognostic features of HCC. We established the HCC prognostic risk model in TCGA dataset using these identified prognostic genes. The model's stability was confirmed in two independent verification sets (GSE14520 and GSE36376). The model had a good predictive power for the overall survival (OS) of HCC (hazard ratio = 2.32, 95% confidence interval = 1.76-3.05, P<0.001). Moreover, the risk score computed by the model did not depend on other clinical parameters. Finally, the applicability of the model was demonstrated through a nomogram (C-index = 0.701). In the present study, we established an autophagy-related risk model having a high prediction accuracy for OS in HCC. Our findings will contribute to the definition of prognosis and establishment of personalized therapy for HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenfang Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School
of Basic Medical Sciences and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University,
Shanghai, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai
Institute of Planned Parenthood Research), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenke Guo
- NHC Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai
Institute of Planned Parenthood Research), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Lu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai
Institute of Planned Parenthood Research), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Duan Ma
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School
of Basic Medical Sciences and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University,
Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School
of Basic Medical Sciences and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University,
Shanghai, China
| | - Fudong Yu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai
Institute of Planned Parenthood Research), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Pu F, Chen F, Zhang Z, Shi D, Zhong B, Lv X, Tucker AB, Fan J, Li AJ, Qin K, Hu D, Chen C, Wang H, He F, Ni N, Huang L, Liu Q, Wagstaff W, Luu HH, Haydon RC, Shen L, He TC, Liu J, Shao Z. Ferroptosis as a novel form of regulated cell death: Implications in the pathogenesis, oncometabolism and treatment of human cancer. Genes Dis 2020; 9:347-357. [PMID: 35224151 PMCID: PMC8843993 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2020.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The treatment of cancer mainly involves surgical excision supplemented by radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Chemotherapy drugs act by interfering with tumor growth and inducing the death of cancer cells. Anti-tumor drugs were developed to induce apoptosis, but some patient’s show apoptosis escape and chemotherapy resistance. Therefore, other forms of cell death that can overcome the resistance of tumor cells are important in the context of cancer treatment. Ferroptosis is a newly discovered iron-dependent, non-apoptotic type of cell death that is highly negatively correlated with cancer development. Ferroptosis is mainly caused by the abnormal increase in iron-dependent lipid reactive oxygen species and the imbalance of redox homeostasis. This review summarizes the progression and regulatory mechanism of ferroptosis in cancer and discusses its possible clinical applications in cancer diagnosis and treatment.
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Iron Dysregulation in Human Cancer: Altered Metabolism, Biomarkers for Diagnosis, Prognosis, Monitoring and Rationale for Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12123524. [PMID: 33255972 PMCID: PMC7761132 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12123524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Iron is the more abundant metal ion in humans. It is essential for life as it has a role in various cellular processes involved, for instance, in cell metabolism and DNA synthesis. These functions are crucial for cell proliferation, and it is therefore not surprising that iron is accumulated in tumors. In this review, we describe normal and altered iron homeostasis mechanisms. We also provide a vision of iron-related proteins with altered expression in cancers and discuss their potential as diagnostic and/or prognostic biomarkers. Finally, we give an overview of therapeutic strategies acting on iron metabolism to fight against cancers. Abstract Iron (Fe) is a trace element that plays essential roles in various biological processes such as DNA synthesis and repair, as well as cellular energy production and oxygen transport, and it is currently widely recognized that iron homeostasis is dysregulated in many cancers. Indeed, several iron homeostasis proteins may be responsible for malignant tumor initiation, proliferation, and for the metastatic spread of tumors. A large number of studies demonstrated the potential clinical value of utilizing these deregulated proteins as prognostic and/or predictive biomarkers of malignancy and/or response to anticancer treatments. Additionally, the iron present in cancer cells and the importance of iron in ferroptosis cell death signaling pathways prompted the development of therapeutic strategies against advanced stage or resistant cancers. In this review, we select relevant and promising studies in the field of iron metabolism in cancer research and clinical oncology. Besides this, we discuss some co-existing discrepant findings. We also present and discuss the latest lines of research related to targeting iron, or its regulatory pathways, as potential promising anticancer strategies for human therapy. Iron chelators, such as deferoxamine or iron-oxide-based nanoparticles, which are already tested in clinical trials, alone or in combination with chemotherapy, are also reported.
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Tang B, Zhu J, Li J, Fan K, Gao Y, Cheng S, Kong C, Zheng L, Wu F, Weng Q, Lu C, Ji J. The ferroptosis and iron-metabolism signature robustly predicts clinical diagnosis, prognosis and immune microenvironment for hepatocellular carcinoma. Cell Commun Signal 2020; 18:174. [PMID: 33115468 PMCID: PMC7592541 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-020-00663-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In this study, we comprehensively analyzed genes related to ferroptosis and iron metabolism to construct diagnostic and prognostic models and explore the relationship with the immune microenvironment in HCC. METHODS Integrated analysis, cox regression and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) method of 104 ferroptosis- and iron metabolism-related genes and HCC-related RNA sequencing were performed to identify HCC-related ferroptosis and iron metabolism genes. RESULTS Four genes (ABCB6, FLVCR1, SLC48A1 and SLC7A11) were identified to construct prognostic and diagnostic models. Poorer overall survival (OS) was exhibited in the high-risk group than that in the low-risk group in both the training cohort (P < 0.001, HR = 0.27) and test cohort (P < 0.001, HR = 0.27). The diagnostic models successfully distinguished HCC from normal samples and proliferative nodule samples. Compared with low-risk groups, high-risk groups had higher TMB; higher fractions of macrophages, follicular helper T cells, memory B cells, and neutrophils; and exhibited higher expression of CD83, B7H3, OX40 and CD134L. As an inducer of ferroptosis, erastin inhibited HCC cell proliferation and progression, and it was showed to affect Th17 cell differentiation and IL-17 signaling pathway through bioinformatics analysis, indicating it a potential agent of cancer immunotherapy. CONCLUSIONS The prognostic and diagnostic models based on the four genes indicated superior diagnostic and predictive performance, indicating new possibilities for individualized treatment of HCC patients. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bufu Tang
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Lishui, 323000 China
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058 China
| | - Jinyu Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Lishui, 323000 China
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058 China
| | - Jie Li
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Lishui, 323000 China
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058 China
| | - Kai Fan
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Lishui, 323000 China
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058 China
| | - Yang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Lishui, 323000 China
- Department of Radiology, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, 323000 China
| | - Shimiao Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Lishui, 323000 China
| | - Chunli Kong
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Lishui, 323000 China
- Department of Radiology, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, 323000 China
| | - Liyun Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Lishui, 323000 China
| | - Fazong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Lishui, 323000 China
- Department of Radiology, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, 323000 China
| | - Qiaoyou Weng
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Lishui, 323000 China
- Department of Radiology, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, 323000 China
| | - Chenying Lu
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Lishui, 323000 China
- Department of Radiology, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, 323000 China
| | - Jiansong Ji
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Lishui, 323000 China
- Department of Radiology, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, 323000 China
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Fiorito V, Chiabrando D, Petrillo S, Bertino F, Tolosano E. The Multifaceted Role of Heme in Cancer. Front Oncol 2020; 9:1540. [PMID: 32010627 PMCID: PMC6974621 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.01540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Heme, an iron-containing porphyrin, is of vital importance for cells due to its involvement in several biological processes, including oxygen transport, energy production and drug metabolism. Besides these vital functions, heme also bears toxic properties and, therefore, the amount of heme inside the cells must be tightly regulated. Similarly, heme intake from dietary sources is strictly controlled to meet body requirements. The multifaceted nature of heme renders it a best candidate molecule exploited/controlled by tumor cells in order to modulate their energetic metabolism, to interact with the microenvironment and to sustain proliferation and survival. The present review summarizes the literature on heme and cancer, emphasizing the importance to consider heme as a prominent player in different aspects of tumor onset and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Fiorito
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Deborah Chiabrando
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Sara Petrillo
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Francesca Bertino
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Emanuela Tolosano
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
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Wang X, Zhou X, Liu J, Liu Z, Zhang L, Gong Y, Huang J, Yu L, Wang Q, Yang C, Liao X, Yu T, Han C, Zhu G, Ye X, Peng T. Genome‑wide investigation of the clinical implications and molecular mechanism of long noncoding RNA LINC00668 and protein‑coding genes in hepatocellular carcinoma. Int J Oncol 2019; 55:860-878. [PMID: 31432149 PMCID: PMC6741837 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2019.4858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the leading causes of tumor‑related mortalities worldwide. Long noncoding RNAs have been reported to be associated with tumor initiation, progression and prognosis. The present study aimed to explore the association between long noncoding RNA LINC00668 and its co‑expression correlated protein‑coding genes (PCGs) in HCC. Data of 370 HCC patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas database were used for analysis. LINC00668 and its top 10 PCGs were selected to determine their diagnostic and prognostic value. Molecular mechanisms were explored to identify metabolic processes that LINC00668 and its PCGs are involved in. Prognosis‑related clinical factors and PCGs were used to construct a nomogram for predicting prognosis in HCC. A Connectivity Map was constructed to identify candidate target drugs for HCC. The top 10 PCGs identified were: Pyrimidineregic receptor P2Y4 (P2RY4), signal peptidase complex subunit 2 (SPCS2), family with sequence similarity 86 member C1 (FAM86C1), tudor domain containing 5 (TDRD5), ferritin light chain (FTL), stratifin (SFN), nucleolar complex associated 2 homolog (NOC2L), peroxiredoxin 1 (PRDX1), cancer/testis antigen 2 CTAG2 and leucine zipper and CTNNBIP1 domain containing (LZIC). FAM86C1, CTAG2 and SFN had significant diagnostic value for HCC (total area under the curve ≥0.7, P≤0.05); LINC00668, FAM86C1, TDRD5, FTL and SFN were of significant prognostic value for HCC (all P≤0.05). Investigation into the molecular mechanism indicated that LINC00668 affects cell division, cell cycle, mitotic nuclear division, and drug metabolism cytochrome P450 (all P≤0.05). The Connectivity Map identified seven candidate target drugs for the treatment of HCC, which were: Indolylheptylamine, mimosine, disopyramide, lidocaine, NU‑1025, bumetanide, and DQNLAOWBTJPFKL‑PKZXCIMASA‑N (all P≤0.05). Our findings indicated that LINC00668 may function as an oncogene and its overexpression indicates poor prognosis of HCC. FAM86C1, CTAG2 and SFN are of diagnostic significance, while FAM86C1, TDRD5, FTL and SFN are of prognostic significance for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangkun Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, P.R. China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, P.R. China
| | - Junqi Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, P.R. China
| | - Zhengqian Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, P.R. China
| | - Linbo Zhang
- Health Management and Division of Physical Examination, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, P.R. China
| | - Yizhen Gong
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, P.R. China
| | - Jianlu Huang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530031, P.R. China
| | - Long Yu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, P.R. China
| | - Qiaoqi Wang
- Department of Medical Cosmetology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530000, P.R. China
| | - Chengkun Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, P.R. China
| | - Xiwen Liao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, P.R. China
| | - Tingdong Yu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, P.R. China
| | - Chuangye Han
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, P.R. China
| | - Guangzhi Zhu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, P.R. China
| | - Xinping Ye
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, P.R. China
| | - Tao Peng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, P.R. China
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Xu W, Peng F, Deng Y, Fan X, Li N. The emerging roles of eryptosis in liver diseases. Transfus Clin Biol 2019; 26:336-340. [PMID: 31201023 DOI: 10.1016/j.tracli.2019.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Erythrocytes undergo programmed cell death, similar to apoptosis, known as eryptosis. This process is a result of several factors including hyperosmolarity, oxidative stress, and exposure to xenobiotics, and is characterized by the breakdown of membrane phospholipid asymmetry, the clustering of band 3, and the generation of red blood cell-derived microparticles. Under pathological conditions, the liver is the primary site of erythrocyte clearance and plays an important role in iron recycling. Phosphatidylserine exposure and band-3 clustering on eryptotic erythrocytes represent mainly pro-phagocytic signals. Further, the percentage of eryptotic erythrocytes is enhanced in the circulating blood of patients with hepatic failure, hyperbilirubinemia, and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. In this review, we concentrate on recent progress regarding the pathophysiological roles of eryptosis in liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xu
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Central South University, Xiangya Hospital, 410008 Changsha, China
| | - Fang Peng
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics of Chinese Ministry of Health, Central South University, Xiangya Hospital, 410008 Changsha, China
| | - Ying Deng
- The Hospital of Ningxiang County People, 410600 Changsha, China
| | - Xuegong Fan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis of Hunan Province, Central South University, Xiangya Hospital, 410008 Changsha, China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Central South University, Xiangya Hospital, 410008 Changsha, China.
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39
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Recalcati S, Correnti M, Gammella E, Raggi C, Invernizzi P, Cairo G. Iron Metabolism in Liver Cancer Stem Cells. Front Oncol 2019; 9:149. [PMID: 30941302 PMCID: PMC6433741 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSC) which have been identified in several tumors, including liver cancer, represent a particular subpopulation of tumor cells characterized by properties similar to those of adult stem cells. Importantly, CSC are resistant to standard therapies, thereby leading to metastatic dissemination and tumor relapse. Given the increasing evidence that iron homeostasis is deregulated in cancer, here we describe the iron homeostasis alterations in cancer cells, particularly in liver CSC. We also discuss two paradoxically opposite iron manipulation-strategies for tumor therapy based either on iron chelation or iron overload-mediated oxidant production leading to ferroptosis. A better understanding of iron metabolism modifications occurring in hepatic tumors and particularly in liver CSC cells may offer new therapeutic options for this cancer, which is characterized by increasing incidence and unfavorable prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Recalcati
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Elena Gammella
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Raggi
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, Rozzano, Italy.,Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Pietro Invernizzi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Center for Autoimmune Liver Diseases, San Gerardo Hospital, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Gaetano Cairo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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40
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Destefanis F, Fiorito V, Altruda F, Tolosano E. Investigating the Connection Between Endogenous Heme Accumulation and COX2 Activity in Cancer Cells. Front Oncol 2019; 9:162. [PMID: 30941311 PMCID: PMC6433962 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Heme, an iron-containing porphyrin, is fundamental for a variety of functions in cell homeostasis. Nevertheless, recent data indicate that dysregulation of heme metabolism might promote tumorigenesis. The intracellular heme pool is finely regulated through the control of heme synthesis, degradation, incorporation into hemoproteins and trafficking across membranes. All these processes might be potentially targeted to alter endogenous heme content in order to counteract cancer growth. Nevertheless, these putative therapeutic interventions have to take into account the possibility of undesired side effects, such as the over-activation of heme-dependent enzymes involved in cancer. Among them, cyclooxygenase-2 is a prostaglandin-producing hemoprotein, induced during inflammation and in different types of tumor, particularly in colorectal cancer. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether modulation of endogenous heme may affect cyclooxygenase-2 expression and activity, taking advantage of two different approaches able to alter heme levels: the silencing of the heme exporter Feline Leukemia Virus subgroup C receptor 1 and the induction of heme synthesis by 5-aminolevulinic acid administration. Our data demonstrate that the down-regulation of the heme exporter in colorectal cancer cells does not affect cyclooxygenase-2 expression and activity. Conversely, 5-aminolevulinic acid administration results in decreased cyclooxygenase-2 expression. However, the overall cyclooxygenase-2 enzymatic activity is maintained. The present work sheds light on the complex modulation of cyclooxygenase-2 by endogenous heme and support the idea that targeting heme metabolism could be a valuable therapeutic option against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Destefanis
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Veronica Fiorito
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Fiorella Altruda
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Emanuela Tolosano
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
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Russo V, Roperto F, Taulescu M, De Falco F, Urraro C, Corrado F, Munday JS, Catoi C, Roperto S. Expression of the feline leukemia virus subgroup C receptors in normal and neoplastic urothelium of the urinary bladder of cattle associated with bovine papillomavirus infection. Vet Microbiol 2019; 229:147-152. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2018.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Revised: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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