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Scuderi C, Di Bella V, Privitera AP, Giustolisi FM, Barresi V, Condorelli DF. Gain-Type Aneuploidies Influence the Burden of Selective Long Non-Coding Transcripts in Colorectal Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5538. [PMID: 38791575 PMCID: PMC11122260 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Chromosomal instability is a hallmark of colorectal carcinogenesis and produces an accumulation of different forms of aneuploidies or broad copy number aberrations. Colorectal cancer is characterized by gain-type broad copy number aberrations, specifically in Chr20, Chr8q, Chr13 and Chr7, but their roles and mechanisms in cancer progression are not fully understood. It has been suggested that broad copy number gains might contribute to tumor development through the so-called caricature transcriptomic effect. We intend to investigate the impact of broad copy number gains on long non-coding RNAs' expression in colorectal cancer, given their well-known role in oncogenesis. The influence of such chromosomal aberrations on lncRNAs' transcriptome profile was investigated by SNP and transcriptome arrays in our series of colorectal cancer samples and cell lines. The correlation between aneuploidies and transcriptomic profiles led us to obtain a class of Over-UpT lncRNAs, which are transcripts upregulated in CRC and further overexpressed in colon tumors bearing specific chromosomal aberrations. The identified lncRNAs can contribute to a wide interaction network to establish the cancer driving effect of gain-type aneuploidies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Vincenza Barresi
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (C.S.); (V.D.B.); (A.P.P.); (F.M.G.); (D.F.C.)
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2
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Liu H, Li L, Lu R. ZIP transporters-regulated Zn 2+ homeostasis: A novel determinant of human diseases. J Cell Physiol 2024; 239:e31223. [PMID: 38530191 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
As an essential trace element for organisms, zinc participates in various physiological processes, such as RNA transcription, DNA replication, cell proliferation, and cell differentiation. The destruction of zinc homeostasis is associated with various diseases. Zinc homeostasis is controlled by the cooperative action of zinc transporter proteins that are responsible for the influx and efflux of zinc. Zinc transporter proteins are mainly categorized into two families: Zrt/Irt-like protein (SLC39A/ZIP) family and zinc transporter (SLC30A/ZNT) family. ZIP transporters contain 14 members, namely ZIP1-14, which can be further divided into four subfamilies. Currently, ZIP transporters-regulated zinc homeostasis is one of the research hotspots. Cumulative evidence suggests that ZIP transporters-regulated zinc homeostasis may cause physiological dysfunction and contribute to the onset and progression of diverse diseases, such as cancers, neurological diseases, and cardiovascular diseases. In this review, we initially discuss the structure and distribution of ZIP transporters. Furthermore, we comprehensively review the latest research progress of ZIP transporters-regulated zinc homeostasis in diseases, providing a new perspective into new therapeutic targets for treating related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimei Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Lanfang Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Ruirui Lu
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
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Kim EY, Verdejo-Torres O, Diaz-Rodriguez K, Hasanain F, Caromile L, Padilla-Benavides T. Single nucleotide polymorphisms and Zn transport by ZIP11 shape functional phenotypes of HeLa cells. Metallomics 2024; 16:mfae006. [PMID: 38285610 DOI: 10.1093/mtomcs/mfae006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
Zinc (Zn) is a vital micronutrient with essential roles in biological processes like enzyme function, gene expression, and cell signaling. Disruptions in the cellular regulation of Zn2+ ions often lead to pathological states. Mammalian Zn transporters, such as ZIP11, play a key role in homeostasis of this ion. ZIP11 resides predominately in the nucleus and Golgi apparatus. Our laboratory reported a function of ZIP11 in maintaining nuclear Zn levels in HeLa cervical cancer cells. Analyses of cervical and ovarian cancer patients' datasets identified four coding, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in SLC39A11, the gene that encodes ZIP11, correlating with disease severity. We hypothesized that these SNPs might translate to functional changes in the ZIP11 protein by modifying access to substrate availability. We also proposed that a metal-binding site (MBS) in ZIP11 is crucial for transmembrane Zn2+ transport and required for maintenance of various pathogenic phenotypes observed in HeLa cells. Here, we investigated these claims by re-introducing single the SLC39A11 gene encoding for mutant residues associated with the SNPs, as well as MBS mutations into HeLa cells knocked down for the transporter. Some SNPs-encoding ZIP11 variants rescued Zn levels, proliferation, migration, and invasiveness of knockdown (KD) cells. Conversely, single MBS mutations mimicked the traits of KD cells, confirming the transporter's role in establishing and maintaining proliferative, migratory, and invasive traits. Overall, the intricate role of Zn in cellular dynamics and cancer progression underscores the significance of Zn transporters like ZIP11 in potential therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Y Kim
- Department of Molecular Biology & Biochemistry, Wesleyan University, 52 Lawn Ave., Middletown, CT 06459, USA
| | - Odette Verdejo-Torres
- Department of Molecular Biology & Biochemistry, Wesleyan University, 52 Lawn Ave., Middletown, CT 06459, USA
| | - Karla Diaz-Rodriguez
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, 60 Prescott St., Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Farah Hasanain
- Department of Molecular Biology & Biochemistry, Wesleyan University, 52 Lawn Ave., Middletown, CT 06459, USA
| | - Leslie Caromile
- Departmentof Cell Biology, Center for Vascular Biology, UCONN Health-Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Teresita Padilla-Benavides
- Department of Molecular Biology & Biochemistry, Wesleyan University, 52 Lawn Ave., Middletown, CT 06459, USA
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Hong J, Li M, Chen Y, Du Y, Song D. A zinc metabolism-related gene signature for predicting prognosis and characteristics of breast cancer. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1276280. [PMID: 38259456 PMCID: PMC10800782 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1276280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Breast cancer is one of the most serious and prevalent malignancies. Zinc is commonly known to play a crucial role in the development and progression of breast cancer; however, the detailed mechanisms underlying this role are not well understood. This study aimed to develop a zinc metabolism-related gene (ZMRG) signature based on a multi-database study to predict patient prognosis and investigate the relationship between drug therapy response and immune enrichment. Methods Data for breast cancer samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus databases were screened for zinc metabolism-related genes using the Molecular Signature Database. Cox and Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator regressions were performed to construct a ZMRG signature. To assess the predictive performance of the gene signature, Kaplan-Meier analysis and receiver operating characteristic curves were used. Additionally, we utilised single-sample gene set enrichment analysis, the Tumour Immune Estimation Resource, the Genomics of Drug Sensitivity in Cancer database, and the Cancer Therapeutics Response Portal to investigate the association between the tumour microenvironment and drug sensitivity. Quantitative PCR was used to assess the expression of each gene in the signature in breast cancer cell lines and patient samples. Results Five ZMRGs were identified (ATP7B, BGLAP, P2RX4, SLC39A11, and TH) and a risk profile was constructed for each. Two risk groups, high- and low-risk, were identified in this way, and the high-risk score subgroups were found to have worse prognosis. This risk profile was validated using the GSE42568 dataset. Tumour microenvironment and drug sensitivity analyses showed that the expression of these five ZMRGs was significantly associated with immune response. The high-risk group showed substantial immune cell infiltration and enrichment of immune pathways, and patients were more sensitive to drugs commonly used in breast cancer. Conclusion The ZMRG signature represents a new prognostic predictor for patients with breast cancer, and may also provide new insights into individualised treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Dong Song
- Department of Breast Surgery, General Surgery Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
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Chen B, Yu P, Chan WN, Xie F, Zhang Y, Liang L, Leung KT, Lo KW, Yu J, Tse GMK, Kang W, To KF. Cellular zinc metabolism and zinc signaling: from biological functions to diseases and therapeutic targets. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:6. [PMID: 38169461 PMCID: PMC10761908 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01679-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Zinc metabolism at the cellular level is critical for many biological processes in the body. A key observation is the disruption of cellular homeostasis, often coinciding with disease progression. As an essential factor in maintaining cellular equilibrium, cellular zinc has been increasingly spotlighted in the context of disease development. Extensive research suggests zinc's involvement in promoting malignancy and invasion in cancer cells, despite its low tissue concentration. This has led to a growing body of literature investigating zinc's cellular metabolism, particularly the functions of zinc transporters and storage mechanisms during cancer progression. Zinc transportation is under the control of two major transporter families: SLC30 (ZnT) for the excretion of zinc and SLC39 (ZIP) for the zinc intake. Additionally, the storage of this essential element is predominantly mediated by metallothioneins (MTs). This review consolidates knowledge on the critical functions of cellular zinc signaling and underscores potential molecular pathways linking zinc metabolism to disease progression, with a special focus on cancer. We also compile a summary of clinical trials involving zinc ions. Given the main localization of zinc transporters at the cell membrane, the potential for targeted therapies, including small molecules and monoclonal antibodies, offers promising avenues for future exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bonan Chen
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- CUHK-Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Peiyao Yu
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital and Basic Medical College, Southern Medical University, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wai Nok Chan
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- CUHK-Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Fuda Xie
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- CUHK-Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yigan Zhang
- Institute of Biomedical Research, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Li Liang
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital and Basic Medical College, Southern Medical University, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kam Tong Leung
- Department of Pediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kwok Wai Lo
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jun Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Gary M K Tse
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wei Kang
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
- CUHK-Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Ka Fai To
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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Fan YG, Wu TY, Zhao LX, Jia RJ, Ren H, Hou WJ, Wang ZY. From zinc homeostasis to disease progression: Unveiling the neurodegenerative puzzle. Pharmacol Res 2024; 199:107039. [PMID: 38123108 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.107039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Zinc is a crucial trace element in the human body, playing a role in various physiological processes such as oxidative stress, neurotransmission, protein synthesis, and DNA repair. The zinc transporters (ZnTs) family members are responsible for exporting intracellular zinc, while Zrt- and Irt-like proteins (ZIPs) are involved in importing extracellular zinc. These processes are essential for maintaining cellular zinc homeostasis. Imbalances in zinc metabolism have been linked to the development of neurodegenerative diseases. Disruptions in zinc levels can impact the survival and activity of neurons, thereby contributing to the progression of neurodegenerative diseases through mechanisms like cell apoptosis regulation, protein phase separation, ferroptosis, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation. Therefore, conducting a systematic review of the regulatory network of zinc and investigating the relationship between zinc dysmetabolism and neurodegenerative diseases can enhance our understanding of the pathogenesis of these diseases. Additionally, it may offer new insights and approaches for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Gang Fan
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Major Chronic Diseases of Nervous System of Liaoning Province, Health Sciences Institute of China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China.
| | - Ting-Yao Wu
- First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121000, China
| | - Ling-Xiao Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Major Chronic Diseases of Nervous System of Liaoning Province, Health Sciences Institute of China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Rong-Jun Jia
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Major Chronic Diseases of Nervous System of Liaoning Province, Health Sciences Institute of China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Hang Ren
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Major Chronic Diseases of Nervous System of Liaoning Province, Health Sciences Institute of China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Wen-Jia Hou
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Major Chronic Diseases of Nervous System of Liaoning Province, Health Sciences Institute of China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Zhan-You Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Major Chronic Diseases of Nervous System of Liaoning Province, Health Sciences Institute of China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China.
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Figiel M, Górka AK, Górecki A. Zinc Ions Modulate YY1 Activity: Relevance in Carcinogenesis. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4338. [PMID: 37686614 PMCID: PMC10487186 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15174338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
YY1 is widely recognized as an intrinsically disordered transcription factor that plays a role in development of many cancers. In most cases, its overexpression is correlated with tumor progression and unfavorable patient outcomes. Our latest research focusing on the role of zinc ions in modulating YY1's interaction with DNA demonstrated that zinc enhances the protein's multimeric state and affinity to its operator. In light of these findings, changes in protein concentration appear to be just one element relevant to modulating YY1-dependent processes. Thus, alterations in zinc ion concentration can directly and specifically impact the regulation of gene expression by YY1, in line with reports indicating a correlation between zinc ion levels and advancement of certain tumors. This review concentrates on other potential consequences of YY1 interaction with zinc ions that may act by altering charge distribution, conformational state distribution, or oligomerization to influence its interactions with molecular partners that can disrupt gene expression patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Andrzej Górecki
- Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Department of Physical Biochemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Kraków, Poland; (M.F.); (A.K.G.)
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8
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Barresi V. The Crucial Findings Derived from the Special Issue "Inside Cancer Genomics: From Structure to Therapy". Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3488. [PMID: 37444598 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15133488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer initiation, growth, and progression are sustained by multiple types of genetic alterations, ranging in size from single point mutations, focal genomic errors to broad chromosomal copy number alterations, gains, and losses [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenza Barresi
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
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Barresi V, Di Bella V, Lo Nigro L, Privitera AP, Bonaccorso P, Scuderi C, Condorelli DF. Temporary serine protease inhibition and the role of SPINK2 in human bone marrow. iScience 2023; 26:106949. [PMID: 37378330 PMCID: PMC10291479 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Protease temporary inhibitors are true substrates that bind the catalytic site with high affinity but are slowly degraded, thus acting as inhibitor for a defined time window. Serine peptidase inhibitor Kazal type (SPINK) family is endowed with such functional property whose physiological meaning is poorly explored. High expression of SPINK2 in some hematopoietic malignancies prompted us to investigate its role in adult human bone marrow. We report here the physiological expression of SPINK2 in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) and mobilized cluster differentiation 34 (CD34)+ cells. We determined the SPINK2 degradation constant and derived a mathematical relationship predicting the zone of inhibited target protease activity surrounding the SPINK2-secreting HSPCs. Analysis of putative target proteases for SPINK2 revealed the expression of PRSS2 and PRSS57 in HSPCs. Our combined results suggest that SPINK2 and its target serine proteases might play a role in the intercellular communication within the hematopoietic stem cell niche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenza Barresi
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Medical Biochemistry, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Virginia Di Bella
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Medical Biochemistry, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Luca Lo Nigro
- Cytogenetic-Cytofluorimetric-Molecular Biology Lab, 95123 Catania, Italy
- Center of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Azienda Policlinico – San Marco, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Anna Provvidenza Privitera
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Medical Biochemistry, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Paola Bonaccorso
- Cytogenetic-Cytofluorimetric-Molecular Biology Lab, 95123 Catania, Italy
- Center of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Azienda Policlinico – San Marco, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Chiara Scuderi
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Medical Biochemistry, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Daniele Filippo Condorelli
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Medical Biochemistry, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
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Babu SSN, Singla S, Jena G. Role of Combination Treatment of Aspirin and Zinc in DMH-DSS-induced Colon Inflammation, Oxidative Stress and Tumour Progression in Male BALB/c Mice. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:1327-1343. [PMID: 35438409 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03241-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Colitis-associated colorectal cancer serves as a prototype of inflammation-associated cancers which is linked with repeated cycles of inflammation and DNA repair deficits. Several preclinical and clinical data reported that aspirin has a chemo-preventive effect in colorectal cancer and is associated with dose-dependent side effects. Furthermore, it has been reported that zinc supplementation improves the quality of life in patients undergoing chemotherapy by alteration of colonic cancer cell gene expression. However, explication of the detailed molecular mechanisms involved in the combined administration of aspirin and zinc-mediated protection against colitis-associated colorectal cancer deserves further investigation. For the induction of colitis-associated colorectal cancer, male BALB/c mice were administered 1,2-dimethylhydrazine dihydrochloride (DMH) 20 mg/kg/bw thrice before the initiation of every DSS cycle (3%w/v in drinking water). One week after the initiation of DSS treatment, aspirin (40 mg/kg; p.o.) and zinc in the form of zinc sulphate (3 mg/kg; p.o.) were administered for 8 weeks. Combination of aspirin and zinc as intervention significantly ameliorated DAI score, myeloperoxidase activity, histological score, apoptotic cells and protein expression of various inflammatory markers including nuclear factor kappa light chain enhancer of activated B cells (NFκBp65), cycloxygenase-2 (COX-2) and interleukin-6 (IL-6); proliferation markers such as proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) expression significantly decreased, and antioxidant enzymes nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf-2), metallothionein, catalase and superoxide dismutase (SOD) significantly increased as evaluated by immunohistochemistry and western blot analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Singothu Siva Nagendra Babu
- Facility for Risk Assessment and Intervention Studies, Dept. of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, S.A.S Nagar, Punjab, India, 160062
| | - Shivani Singla
- Facility for Risk Assessment and Intervention Studies, Dept. of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, S.A.S Nagar, Punjab, India, 160062
| | - Gopabandhu Jena
- Facility for Risk Assessment and Intervention Studies, Dept. of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, S.A.S Nagar, Punjab, India, 160062.
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Nwosu ZC, Song MG, di Magliano MP, Lyssiotis CA, Kim SE. Nutrient transporters: connecting cancer metabolism to therapeutic opportunities. Oncogene 2023; 42:711-724. [PMID: 36739364 PMCID: PMC10266237 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-023-02593-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Cancer cells rely on certain extracellular nutrients to sustain their metabolism and growth. Solute carrier (SLC) transporters enable cells to acquire extracellular nutrients or shuttle intracellular nutrients across organelles. However, the function of many SLC transporters in cancer is unknown. Determining the key SLC transporters promoting cancer growth could reveal important therapeutic opportunities. Here we summarize recent findings and knowledge gaps on SLC transporters in cancer. We highlight existing inhibitors for studying these transporters, clinical trials on treating cancer by blocking transporters, and compensatory transporters used by cancer cells to evade treatment. We propose targeting transporters simultaneously or in combination with targeted therapy or immunotherapy as alternative strategies for effective cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeribe Chike Nwosu
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Mun Gu Song
- Department of Biosystems and Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
- Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Costas A Lyssiotis
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Sung Eun Kim
- Department of Biosystems and Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.
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12
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Tian C, Zhao J, Liu D, Sun J, Ji C, Jiang Q, Li H, Wang X, Sun Y. Identification of metabolism-related genes for predicting peritoneal metastasis in patients with gastric cancer. BMC Genom Data 2022; 23:84. [PMID: 36503378 PMCID: PMC9743729 DOI: 10.1186/s12863-022-01096-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The reprogramming of metabolism is an important factor in the metastatic process of cancer. In our study, we intended to investigate the predictive value of metabolism-related genes (MRGs) in recurrent gastric cancer (GC) patients with peritoneal metastasis. METHODS The sequencing data of mRNA of GC patients were obtained from Asian Cancer Research Group (ACRG) and the GEO databases (GSE53276). The differentially expressed MRGs (DE-MRGs) between a cell line without peritoneal metastasis (HSC60) and one with peritoneal metastasis (60As6) were analyzed with the Limma package. According to the LASSO regression, eight MRGs were identified as crucially related to peritoneal seeding recurrence in patients. Then, disease free survival related genes were screened using Cox regression, and a promising prognostic model was constructed based on 8 MRGs. We trained and verified it in two independent cohort. RESULTS We confirmed 713 DE-MRGs and the enriched pathways. Pathway analysis found that the MRG-related pathways were related to tumor metabolism development. With the help of Kaplan-Meier analysis, we found that the group with higher risk scores had worse rates of peritoneal seeding recurrence than the group with lower scores in the cohorts. CONCLUSIONS This study developed an eight-gene signature correlated with metabolism that could predict peritoneal seeding recurrence for GC patients. This signature could be a promising prognostic model, providing better strategy in treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyu Tian
- grid.413087.90000 0004 1755 3939Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junjie Zhao
- grid.413087.90000 0004 1755 3939Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dan Liu
- grid.413087.90000 0004 1755 3939Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Sun
- grid.413087.90000 0004 1755 3939Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chengbo Ji
- grid.413087.90000 0004 1755 3939Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Quan Jiang
- grid.413087.90000 0004 1755 3939Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haojie Li
- grid.413087.90000 0004 1755 3939Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuefei Wang
- grid.413087.90000 0004 1755 3939Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yihong Sun
- grid.413087.90000 0004 1755 3939Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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13
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Yao H, Ren D, Wang Y, Wu L, Wu Y, Wang W, Li Q, Liu L. KCTD9 inhibits the Wnt/β-catenin pathway by decreasing the level of β-catenin in colorectal cancer. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:761. [PMID: 36055981 PMCID: PMC9440223 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05200-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying CRC progression remain to be further defined to improve patient outcomes. In this study, we found that KCTD9, a member of the potassium channel tetramerization domain-containing (KCTD) gene family, was commonly downregulated in CRC tissues and that KCTD9 expression was negatively correlated with the clinical CRC stage. Survival analysis showed that patients whose tumors expressed low KCTD9 levels had poorer outcomes. Functional analyses revealed that KCTD9 overexpression inhibited CRC cell proliferation and metastasis, whereas KCTD9 knockdown promoted CRC cell proliferation and metastasis in both in vitro and in vivo models. Manipulating KCTD9 levels in CRC cells via overexpression or knockdown showed KCTD9 expression positively influenced the degradation of β-catenin levels leading to inhibition of Wnt signaling and reductions in Wnt pathway target gene expression. Mechanistically, we found KCTD9 associated with ZNT9 (Zinc Transporter 9), a coactivator of β-catenin-mediated gene transcription. The overexpression of KCTD9 or knockdown of ZNT9 in CRC cells increased the polyubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of β-catenin. In turn, the KCTD9-ZNT9 interaction disrupted interactions between β-catenin and ZNT9, thereby leading to decreased β-catenin target gene expression and the inhibition of Wnt signaling. In conclusion, our findings propose that KCTD9 functions as a tumor suppressor that inhibits CRC cell proliferation and metastasis by inactivating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Moreover, its frequent downregulation in CRC suggests KCTD9 as a potential prognostic and therapeutic target in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanhui Yao
- grid.59053.3a0000000121679639Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Anhui Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hepatobiliary Diseases, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001 China
| | - Delong Ren
- grid.59053.3a0000000121679639Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Anhui Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hepatobiliary Diseases, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001 China
| | - Yichun Wang
- grid.59053.3a0000000121679639Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Anhui Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hepatobiliary Diseases, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001 China
| | - Liang Wu
- grid.59053.3a0000000121679639Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Anhui Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hepatobiliary Diseases, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001 China
| | - Yang Wu
- grid.59053.3a0000000121679639Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Anhui Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hepatobiliary Diseases, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001 China
| | - Wei Wang
- grid.59053.3a0000000121679639Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001 China
| | - Qidong Li
- grid.59053.3a0000000121679639Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Anhui Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hepatobiliary Diseases, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001 China
| | - Lianxin Liu
- grid.59053.3a0000000121679639Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Anhui Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hepatobiliary Diseases, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001 China
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14
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Gao J, Gao A, Zhou H, Chen L. The role of metal ions in the Golgi apparatus. Cell Biol Int 2022; 46:1309-1319. [PMID: 35830695 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The Golgi apparatus is a membrane-bound organelle that functions as a central role in the secretory pathway. Since the discovery of the Golgi apparatus, its structure and function have attracted ever-increasing attention from researchers. Recently, it has been demonstrated that metal ions are necessary for the Golgi apparatus to maintain its proper structure and functions. Given that metal ions play an important role in various biological processes, their abnormal homeostasis is related to many diseases. Therefore, in this paper, we reviewed the uptake and release mechanisms of the Golgi apparatus Ca2+ , Cu, and Zn2+ . Furthermore, we describe the diseases associated with Golgi apparatus Ca2+ , Cu, and Zn2+ imbalance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayin Gao
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Learning Key Laboratory for Pharmacoproteomics, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Anbo Gao
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Learning Key Laboratory for Pharmacoproteomics, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Hong Zhou
- Department of Radiology of the First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Linxi Chen
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Learning Key Laboratory for Pharmacoproteomics, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, China
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15
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Olea-Flores M, Kan J, Carlson A, Syed SA, McCann C, Mondal V, Szady C, Ricker HM, McQueen A, Navea JG, Caromile LA, Padilla-Benavides T. ZIP11 Regulates Nuclear Zinc Homeostasis in HeLa Cells and Is Required for Proliferation and Establishment of the Carcinogenic Phenotype. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:895433. [PMID: 35898402 PMCID: PMC9309433 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.895433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Zinc (Zn) is an essential trace element that plays a key role in several biological processes, including transcription, signaling, and catalysis. A subcellular network of transporters ensures adequate distribution of Zn to facilitate homeostasis. Among these are a family of importers, the Zrt/Irt-like proteins (ZIP), which consists of 14 members (ZIP1-ZIP14) that mobilize Zn from the extracellular domain and organelles into the cytosol. Expression of these transporters varies among tissues and during developmental stages, and their distribution at various cellular locations is essential for defining the net cellular Zn transport. Normally, the ion is bound to proteins or sequestered in organelles and vesicles. However, though research has focused on Zn internalization in mammalian cells, little is known about Zn mobilization within organelles, including within the nuclei under both normal and pathological conditions. Analyses from stomach and colon tissues isolated from mouse suggested that ZIP11 is the only ZIP transporter localized to the nucleus of mammalian cells, yet no clear cellular role has been attributed to this protein. We hypothesized that ZIP11 is essential to maintaining nuclear Zn homeostasis in mammalian cells. To test this, we utilized HeLa cells, as research in humans correlated elevated expression of ZIP11 with poor prognosis in cervical cancer patients. We stably knocked down ZIP11 in HeLa cancer cells and investigated the effect of Zn dysregulation in vitro. Our data show that ZIP11 knockdown (KD) reduced HeLa cells proliferation due to nuclear accumulation of Zn. RNA-seq analyses revealed that genes related to angiogenesis, apoptosis, mRNA metabolism, and signaling pathways are dysregulated. Although the KD cells undergoing nuclear Zn stress can activate the homeostasis response by MTF1 and MT1, the RNA-seq analyses showed that only ZIP14 (an importer expressed on the plasma membrane and endocytic vesicles) is mildly induced, which may explain the sensitivity to elevated levels of extracellular Zn. Consequently, ZIP11 KD HeLa cells have impaired migration, invasive properties and decreased mitochondrial potential. Furthermore, KD of ZIP11 delayed cell cycle progression and rendered an enhanced senescent state in HeLa cells, pointing to a novel mechanism whereby maintenance of nuclear Zn homeostasis is essential for cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monserrat Olea-Flores
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Wesleyan University, Middletown, CT, United States
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biotechnology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Julia Kan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Wesleyan University, Middletown, CT, United States
| | - Alyssa Carlson
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Wesleyan University, Middletown, CT, United States
| | - Sabriya A. Syed
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biotechnology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Cat McCann
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Wesleyan University, Middletown, CT, United States
| | - Varsha Mondal
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Wesleyan University, Middletown, CT, United States
| | - Cecily Szady
- Department of Chemistry, Skidmore College, Saratoga Springs, NY, United States
| | - Heather M. Ricker
- Department of Chemistry, Skidmore College, Saratoga Springs, NY, United States
| | - Amy McQueen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Wesleyan University, Middletown, CT, United States
| | - Juan G. Navea
- Department of Chemistry, Skidmore College, Saratoga Springs, NY, United States
| | - Leslie A. Caromile
- Department of Cell Biology, Center for Vascular Biology, UCONN Health-Center, Farmington, CT, United States
| | - Teresita Padilla-Benavides
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Wesleyan University, Middletown, CT, United States
- *Correspondence: Teresita Padilla-Benavides,
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16
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Wan Y, Zhang B. The Impact of Zinc and Zinc Homeostasis on the Intestinal Mucosal Barrier and Intestinal Diseases. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12070900. [PMID: 35883455 PMCID: PMC9313088 DOI: 10.3390/biom12070900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Zinc is an essential trace element for living organisms, and zinc homeostasis is essential for the maintenance of the normal physiological functions of cells and organisms. The intestine is the main location for zinc absorption and excretion, while zinc and zinc homeostasis is also of great significance to the structure and function of the intestinal mucosal barrier. Zinc excess or deficiency and zinc homeostatic imbalance are all associated with many intestinal diseases, such as IBD (inflammatory bowel disease), IBS (irritable bowel syndrome), and CRC (colorectal cancer). In this review, we describe the role of zinc and zinc homeostasis in the intestinal mucosal barrier and the relevance of zinc homeostasis to gastrointestinal diseases.
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17
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Willekens J, Runnels LW. Impact of Zinc Transport Mechanisms on Embryonic and Brain Development. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14122526. [PMID: 35745255 PMCID: PMC9231024 DOI: 10.3390/nu14122526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The trace element zinc (Zn) binds to over ten percent of proteins in eukaryotic cells. Zn flexible chemistry allows it to regulate the activity of hundreds of enzymes and influence scores of metabolic processes in cells throughout the body. Deficiency of Zn in humans has a profound effect on development and in adults later in life, particularly in the brain, where Zn deficiency is linked to several neurological disorders. In this review, we will summarize the importance of Zn during development through a description of the outcomes of both genetic and early dietary Zn deficiency, focusing on the pathological consequences on the whole body and brain. The epidemiology and the symptomology of Zn deficiency in humans will be described, including the most studied inherited Zn deficiency disease, Acrodermatitis enteropathica. In addition, we will give an overview of the different forms and animal models of Zn deficiency, as well as the 24 Zn transporters, distributed into two families: the ZIPs and the ZnTs, which control the balance of Zn throughout the body. Lastly, we will describe the TRPM7 ion channel, which was recently shown to contribute to intestinal Zn absorption and has its own significant impact on early embryonic development.
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18
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Proximity Profiling of the CFTR Interaction Landscape in Response to Orkambi. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052442. [PMID: 35269585 PMCID: PMC8910062 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Deletion of phenylalanine 508 (∆F508) of the Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR) anion channel protein is the leading cause of Cystic Fibrosis (CF). Here, we report the analysis of CFTR and ∆F508-CFTR interactomes using BioID (proximity-dependent biotin identification), a technique that can also detect transient associations. We identified 474 high-confidence CFTR proximity-interactors, 57 of which have been previously validated, with the remainder representing novel interaction space. The ∆F508 interactome, comprising 626 proximity-interactors was markedly different from its wild type counterpart, with numerous alterations in protein associations categorized in membrane trafficking and cellular stress functions. Furthermore, analysis of the ∆F508 interactome in cells treated with Orkambi identified several interactions that were altered as a result of this drug therapy. We examined two candidate CFTR proximity interactors, VAPB and NOS1AP, in functional assays designed to assess surface delivery and overall chloride efflux. VAPB depletion impacted both CFTR surface delivery and chloride efflux, whereas NOS1AP depletion only affected the latter. The wild type and ∆F508-CFTR interactomes represent rich datasets that could be further mined to reveal additional candidates for the functional rescue of ∆F508-CFTR.
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19
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Hara T, Yoshigai E, Ohashi T, Fukada T. Zinc transporters as potential therapeutic targets: An updated review. J Pharmacol Sci 2022; 148:221-228. [PMID: 35063137 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2021.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Zinc is an essential trace element that plays important roles in the regulation of various physiological responses in the body. Zinc deficiency is known to cause various health problems, including dysgeusia, skin disorders, and immune disorders. Therefore, the maintenance of healthy zinc content in the body is critical to our healthy life. Zinc homeostasis is tightly controlled by two of the solute carrier protein families SLC30A and SLC39A, called zinc transporters. In the last decade, research on zinc biology has made dramatic progress based on the physiological and functional analysis of zinc transporters in the fields of molecular biology, human genetics, and drug discovery. In particular, since the association between zinc transporters and human diseases was recently reported using human genetics and gene knockout mouse studies, zinc and zinc signals controlled by zinc transporters have been considered useful therapeutic targets. In this review, we introduce the importance of zinc homeostasis based on the findings of zinc transporter functions and their signals in relation to human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takafumi Hara
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Emi Yoshigai
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Takuto Ohashi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Fukada
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Tokushima, Japan.
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20
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Golgi Metal Ion Homeostasis in Human Health and Diseases. Cells 2022; 11:cells11020289. [PMID: 35053405 PMCID: PMC8773785 DOI: 10.3390/cells11020289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The Golgi apparatus is a membrane organelle located in the center of the protein processing and trafficking pathway. It consists of sub-compartments with distinct biochemical compositions and functions. Main functions of the Golgi, including membrane trafficking, protein glycosylation, and sorting, require a well-maintained stable microenvironment in the sub-compartments of the Golgi, along with metal ion homeostasis. Metal ions, such as Ca2+, Mn2+, Zn2+, and Cu2+, are important cofactors of many Golgi resident glycosylation enzymes. The homeostasis of metal ions in the secretory pathway, which is required for proper function and stress response of the Golgi, is tightly regulated and maintained by transporters. Mutations in the transporters cause human diseases. Here we provide a review specifically focusing on the transporters that maintain Golgi metal ion homeostasis under physiological conditions and their alterations in diseases.
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21
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Zhang Q, Pan J, An F, Nie H, Zhan Q. Decreased SLC39A1 (Solute carrier family 39 member 1) expression predicts unfavorable prognosis in patients with early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma. Bioengineered 2021; 12:8147-8156. [PMID: 34615436 PMCID: PMC8806984 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1987131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Solute carrier family 39, member 1 (SLC39A1) is a member of the zinc-iron permease family and located to the cell membrane, acting as a zinc uptake transporter. However, the clinical impacts of SLC39A1 in early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (EHCC) have not been defined. In this research, we compared the differential expression of SLC39A1 in EHCC and normal tissues based on tissue microarray, and the clinical significance of SLC39A1 in EHCC was evaluated as well. Compared with adjacent tissues, SLC39A1 was remarkably decreased in paired EHCC tissues. Besides, decreased SLC39A1 expression was significantly associated with several clinic-pathological features and serum biochemical indicators. Furthermore, Kaplan-Meier analysis exhibited that both overall survival (OS) and relapse-free survival (RFS) of patients with low expression of SLC39A1 were notably poorer than that of patients with high expression. Moreover, Cox regression analyses revealed that low expression of SLC39A1 was an independent prognostic factor for OS in patients with EHCC. Subgroup analysis also revealed beneficiary populations benefiting from the prognostic evaluation using SLC39A1 expression. Collectively, we summarized that downregulated expression of SLC39A1 is a worse prognostic factor for patients with EHCC, which can be used as a promising diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for EHCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinglin Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jiadong Pan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Fangmei An
- Department of Gastroenterology, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - He Nie
- Department of Gastroenterology, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Qiang Zhan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
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22
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Nazempour N, Taleqani MH, Taheri N, Haji Ali Asgary Najafabadi AH, Shokrollahi A, Zamani A, Fattahi Dolatabadi N, Peymani M, Mahdevar M. The role of cell surface proteins gene expression in diagnosis, prognosis, and drug resistance of colorectal cancer: In silico analysis and validation. Exp Mol Pathol 2021; 123:104688. [PMID: 34592197 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2021.104688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cell surface proteins (CSPs) are an important type of protein in different essential cell functions. This study aimed to distinguish overexpressed CSPs in colorectal cancer to investigate their biomarker, prognosis, and drug resistance potential. Raw data of three datasets including 1187 samples was downloaded then normalization and differential expression were performed. By the combination of the cancer genome atlas (TCGA) clinical data, survival analysis was carried out. Information of all CSPs was collected from cell surface protein atlas. The role of each candidate gene expression was investigated in drug resistance by CCEL and GDSC data from PharmacoGX. CRC samples including 30 tumor samples and adjacent normal were used to confirm data by RT-qPCR. Outcomes showed that 66 CSPs overexpressed in three datasets, and 146 CSPs expression associated with poor prognosis features in TCGA data that TIMP1 and QSOX2 can associate with poor patient survival independently. High-risk patients illustrated more fatality than low-risk patients based on the risk score calculated by the expression level of these genes. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that 39 CSPs as perfect biomarkers for diagnosis in CRC. Furthermore, QSOX2 and TIMP1 expression levels increased in tumor samples compared to adjacent normal samples. The Drug resistance analysis demonstrated ADAM12 and COL1A2 up-regulation among 66 overexpressed CSPs caused resistance to Venetoclax and Cyclophosphamide with a high estimate, respectively. Many CSPs are deregulated in CRC, and can be valuable candidates as biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, and drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasrin Nazempour
- Department of Chemistry, Shahreza Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahreza, Isfahan, Iran; Gene Raz Bu Ali, Genetic and Biotechnology Academy, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Taleqani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Yazd, Yazd, Iran; Gene Raz Bu Ali, Genetic and Biotechnology Academy, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Navid Taheri
- Department of Microbiology, Zanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zanjan, Iran; Gene Raz Bu Ali, Genetic and Biotechnology Academy, Isfahan, Iran
| | | | - Alireza Shokrollahi
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Atefeh Zamani
- Gene Raz Bu Ali, Genetic and Biotechnology Academy, Isfahan, Iran
| | | | - Maryam Peymani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sharekord, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Mahdevar
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
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23
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Ma Z, Li Z, Wang S, Zhou Q, Ma Z, Liu C, Huang B, Zheng Z, Yang L, Zou Y, Zhang C, Huang S, Hou B. SLC39A10 Upregulation Predicts Poor Prognosis, Promotes Proliferation and Migration, and Correlates with Immune Infiltration in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. J Hepatocell Carcinoma 2021; 8:899-912. [PMID: 34395329 PMCID: PMC8357404 DOI: 10.2147/jhc.s320326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recent evidence has shown that Solute Carrier Family 39 Member 10 (SLC39A10) promoted tumor progression in several cancer types. The study intended to explore the expression and function of SLC39A10 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods Multiple bioinformatics analyses were used to evaluate SLC39A10 expression and potential role in HCC. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry were used to confirm SLC39A10 expression. Intro studies were performed to assess the effects of SLC39A10 on HCC cells proliferation and migration. Furthermore, flow cytometry was conducted to identify its specific function in apoptosis of HCC. Results SLC39A10 was significantly over-expressed in HCC samples from both bioinformatic databases and our cohort. Survival analyses suggested patients with high expression of SLC39A10 had poor overall survival and disease-free survival (P-value <0.01). Further, the expression of SLC39A10 was positively correlated with tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and some immune checkpoints like CTLA4, TIM3 and TGFB1. In HCC cell lines, SLC39A10 knockdown inhibited cells proliferation and migration, but promoted apoptosis. Conclusion An increased SLC39A10 expression was found and served as an unfavorable indicator of survival in HCC. Further studies suggested SLC39A10 promotes tumor aggressiveness and may provide a novel target for HCC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuyi Ma
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China.,Shantou University of Medical College, Shantou, 515000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenchong Li
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China.,South China University of Technology School of Medicine, Guangzhou, 51000, People's Republic of China
| | - Shujie Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China.,The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Hui Ya Hospital of the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Huizhou, 516081, People's Republic of China.,Department of Liver Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zuguang Ma
- Sanshui Disease Prevention Cure Station, Foshan, 528100, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunsheng Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China.,Shantou University of Medical College, Shantou, 515000, People's Republic of China
| | - Bowen Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Zehao Zheng
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China.,Shantou University of Medical College, Shantou, 515000, People's Republic of China
| | - LinLing Yang
- Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiping Zou
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China.,Shantou University of Medical College, Shantou, 515000, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuanzhao Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China.,South China University of Technology School of Medicine, Guangzhou, 51000, People's Republic of China.,The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Shanzhou Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China.,South China University of Technology School of Medicine, Guangzhou, 51000, People's Republic of China.,The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Baohua Hou
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China.,South China University of Technology School of Medicine, Guangzhou, 51000, People's Republic of China.,The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China
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24
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Barresi V, Di Bella V, Andriano N, Privitera AP, Bonaccorso P, La Rosa M, Iachelli V, Spampinato G, Pulvirenti G, Scuderi C, Condorelli DF, Lo Nigro L. NUP-98 Rearrangements Led to the Identification of Candidate Biomarkers for Primary Induction Failure in Pediatric Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094575. [PMID: 33925480 PMCID: PMC8123909 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Conventional chemotherapy for acute myeloid leukemia regimens generally encompass an intensive induction phase, in order to achieve a morphological remission in terms of bone marrow blasts (<5%). The majority of cases are classified as Primary Induction Response (PIR); unfortunately, 15% of children do not achieve remission and are defined Primary Induction Failure (PIF). This study aims to characterize the gene expression profile of PIF in children with Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML), in order to detect molecular pathways dysfunctions and identify potential biomarkers. Given that NUP98-rearrangements are enriched in PIF-AML patients, we investigated the association of NUP98-driven genes in primary chemoresistance. Therefore, 85 expression arrays, deposited on GEO database, and 358 RNAseq AML samples, from TARGET program, were analyzed for “Differentially Expressed Genes” (DEGs) between NUP98+ and NUP98-, identifying 110 highly confident NUP98/PIF-associated DEGs. We confirmed, by qRT-PCR, the overexpression of nine DEGs, selected on the bases of the diagnostic accuracy, in a local cohort of PIF patients: SPINK2, TMA7, SPCS2, CDCP1, CAPZA1, FGFR1OP2, MAN1A2, NT5C3A and SRP54. In conclusion, the integrated analysis of NUP98 mutational analysis and transcriptome profiles allowed the identification of novel putative biomarkers for the prediction of PIF in AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenza Barresi
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Medical Biochemistry, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (V.B.); (V.D.B.); (A.P.P.); (G.S.); (C.S.)
| | - Virginia Di Bella
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Medical Biochemistry, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (V.B.); (V.D.B.); (A.P.P.); (G.S.); (C.S.)
| | - Nellina Andriano
- Cytogenetic-Cytofluorimetric-Molecular Biology Lab, 95123 Catania, Italy; (N.A.); (P.B.); (M.L.R.); (V.I.); (G.P.); (L.L.N.)
- Center of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Azienda Policlinico–San Marco, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Anna Provvidenza Privitera
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Medical Biochemistry, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (V.B.); (V.D.B.); (A.P.P.); (G.S.); (C.S.)
| | - Paola Bonaccorso
- Cytogenetic-Cytofluorimetric-Molecular Biology Lab, 95123 Catania, Italy; (N.A.); (P.B.); (M.L.R.); (V.I.); (G.P.); (L.L.N.)
- Center of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Azienda Policlinico–San Marco, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Manuela La Rosa
- Cytogenetic-Cytofluorimetric-Molecular Biology Lab, 95123 Catania, Italy; (N.A.); (P.B.); (M.L.R.); (V.I.); (G.P.); (L.L.N.)
- Center of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Azienda Policlinico–San Marco, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Valeria Iachelli
- Cytogenetic-Cytofluorimetric-Molecular Biology Lab, 95123 Catania, Italy; (N.A.); (P.B.); (M.L.R.); (V.I.); (G.P.); (L.L.N.)
- Center of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Azienda Policlinico–San Marco, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Giorgia Spampinato
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Medical Biochemistry, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (V.B.); (V.D.B.); (A.P.P.); (G.S.); (C.S.)
| | - Giulio Pulvirenti
- Cytogenetic-Cytofluorimetric-Molecular Biology Lab, 95123 Catania, Italy; (N.A.); (P.B.); (M.L.R.); (V.I.); (G.P.); (L.L.N.)
- Center of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Azienda Policlinico–San Marco, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Chiara Scuderi
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Medical Biochemistry, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (V.B.); (V.D.B.); (A.P.P.); (G.S.); (C.S.)
| | - Daniele F. Condorelli
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Medical Biochemistry, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (V.B.); (V.D.B.); (A.P.P.); (G.S.); (C.S.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Luca Lo Nigro
- Cytogenetic-Cytofluorimetric-Molecular Biology Lab, 95123 Catania, Italy; (N.A.); (P.B.); (M.L.R.); (V.I.); (G.P.); (L.L.N.)
- Center of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Azienda Policlinico–San Marco, 95123 Catania, Italy
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25
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Januszyk P, Januszyk K, Wierzbik-Strońska M, Boroń D, Grabarek B. Analysis of the Differences in the Expression of mRNAs and miRNAs Associated with Drug Resistance in Endometrial Cancer Cells Treated with Salinomycin. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2021; 22:541-548. [DOI: 10.2174/1389201021666200629151008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Background:
It is important to understand the molecular mechanisms involved in cancer
drug resistance and to study the activity of new drugs, e.g. salinomycin.
Objective:
The purpose of the study was to analyze changes in the expression of genes associated with drug resistance in the
Ishikawa endometrial cancer cell line when treated with salinomycin. In addition, changes in the level of miRNA potentially
regulating these mRNAs were evaluated.
Materials and Methods:
Endometrial cancer cells were treated with 1 μM of salinomycin for 12, 24
and 48 hours periods. Untreated cells were a control culture. The molecular analysis consists of mRNA
and miRNA microarray analysis and the RTqPCR technique.
Results:
The following was observed about the number of mRNAs differentiating the cell culture exposed
to the drug compared to a control culture: H-12 vs. C - 9 mRNAs, H_24 vs. C - 6 mRNAs, and
H_48 vs. C - 1 mRNA. It was noted that 4 of the 9 differentiating mRNAs were characteristic for 12
hours of exposure to salinomycin and they correspond to the following genes: TUFT1, ABCB1,
MTMR11, and MX2. After 24 hours, 2 mRNAs were characteristic for this time of incubation cells
with salinomycin: TUFT1 and MYD88 and after 48 hours, SLC30A5 could also be observed.
Discussion:
The highest differences in expression were indicated for TUFT1, MTMR11, and SLC30A5.
The highest influence probability was determined between TUFT1 and hsa- miR-3188 (FC + 2.48),
MTMR11and has-miR-16 (FC -1.74), and between SLC30A5 and hsa-miR-30d (FC -2.01).
Conclusions:
Salinomycin induces changes in the activity of mRNA and miRNA participating in drug
resistance; however, the observed changes in character are the expected result of anti-cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Januszyk
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics with Gynecologic Oncology, Ludwik Rydygier Memorial Specialized Hospital, Krakow, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Januszyk
- Faculty of Health Science, Public Higher Medical Professional School in Opole, Poland
| | - Magdalena Wierzbik-Strońska
- Department of Histology, Cytophysiology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Technology in Katowice, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Dariusz Boroń
- Department of Histology, Cytophysiology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Technology in Katowice, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Beniamin Grabarek
- Department of Histology, Cytophysiology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Technology in Katowice, Zabrze, Poland
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26
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Privitera AP, Barresi V, Condorelli DF. Aberrations of Chromosomes 1 and 16 in Breast Cancer: A Framework for Cooperation of Transcriptionally Dysregulated Genes. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:1585. [PMID: 33808143 PMCID: PMC8037453 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13071585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Derivative chromosome der(1;16), isochromosome 1q, and deleted 16q-producing arm-level 1q-gain and/or 16q-loss-are recurrent cytogenetic abnormalities in breast cancer, but their exact role in determining the malignant phenotype is still largely unknown. We exploited The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data to generate and analyze groups of breast invasive carcinomas, called 1,16-chromogroups, that are characterized by a pattern of arm-level somatic copy number aberrations congruent with known cytogenetic aberrations of chromosome 1 and 16. Substantial differences were found among 1,16-chromogroups in terms of other chromosomal aberrations, aneuploidy scores, transcriptomic data, single-point mutations, histotypes, and molecular subtypes. Breast cancers with a co-occurrence of 1q-gain and 16q-loss can be distinguished in a "low aneuploidy score" group, congruent to der(1;16), and a "high aneuploidy score" group, congruent to the co-occurrence of isochromosome 1q and deleted 16q. Another three groups are formed by cancers showing separately 1q-gain or 16q-loss or no aberrations of 1q and 16q. Transcriptome comparisons among the 1,16-chromogroups, integrated with functional pathway analysis, suggested the cooperation of overexpressed 1q genes and underexpressed 16q genes in the genesis of both ductal and lobular carcinomas, thus highlighting the putative role of genes encoding gamma-secretase subunits (APH1A, PSEN2, and NCSTN) and Wnt enhanceosome components (BCL9 and PYGO2) in 1q, and the glycoprotein E-cadherin (CDH1), the E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase WWP2, the deubiquitinating enzyme CYLD, and the transcription factor CBFB in 16q. The analysis of 1,16-chromogroups is a strategy with far-reaching implications for the selection of cancer cell models and novel experimental therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vincenza Barresi
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Medical Biochemistry, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 89-97, 95123 Catania, Italy;
| | - Daniele Filippo Condorelli
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Medical Biochemistry, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 89-97, 95123 Catania, Italy;
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Time- and Zinc-Related Changes in Biomechanical Properties of Human Colorectal Cancer Cells Examined by Atomic Force Microscopy. BIOLOGY 2020; 9:biology9120468. [PMID: 33327597 PMCID: PMC7765036 DOI: 10.3390/biology9120468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary We aimed to study how cellular zinc status (adequate vs. deficiency), closely related to colorectal cancer, does affect the nanomechanical properties of cell lines HT-29 and HT-29-MTX during their early proliferation (24–96 h). These properties and their variations can be characterized by means of Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), a technique that allows perpendicular indentation of cells with a sharp nanometric tip, under controlled speed and load, while recording the real time variation of tip-to-cell interacting forces on approach, contact, and retraction segments. From each of these sections, complete information about the respective elastic modulus, relaxation behavior, and adhesion is extracted, thus identifying cell line- and zinc-related nanomechanical fingerprints. Our results show how the impact of zinc deficiency on the mechanical response of the cells underlines the relevance of monitoring the nutritional zinc status of tumor samples when analyzing cancerous tissues or single cells with AFM, particularly regarding the development and validation of biomechanical fingerprints as diagnostic markers for cancer. Abstract Monitoring biomechanics of cells or tissue biopsies employing atomic force microscopy (AFM) offers great potential to identify diagnostic biomarkers for diseases, such as colorectal cancer (CRC). Data on the mechanical properties of CRC cells, however, are still scarce. There is strong evidence that the individual zinc status is related to CRC risk. Thus, this study investigates the impact of differing zinc supply on the mechanical response of the in vitro CRC cell lines HT-29 and HT-29-MTX during their early proliferation (24–96 h) by measuring elastic modulus, relaxation behavior, and adhesion factors using AFM. The differing zinc supply severely altered the proliferation of these cells and markedly affected their mechanical properties. Accordingly, zinc deficiency led to softer cells, quantitatively described by 20–30% lower Young’s modulus, which was also reflected by relevant changes in adhesion and rupture event distribution compared to those measured for the respective zinc-adequate cultured cells. These results demonstrate that the nutritional zinc supply severely affects the nanomechanical response of CRC cell lines and highlights the relevance of monitoring the zinc content of cancerous cells or biopsies when studying their biomechanics with AFM in the future.
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Hu J. Toward unzipping the ZIP metal transporters: structure, evolution, and implications on drug discovery against cancer. FEBS J 2020; 288:5805-5825. [PMID: 33296542 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The Zrt-/Irt-like protein (ZIP) family consists of divalent metal transporters, ubiquitous in all kingdoms of life. Since the discovery of the first ZIPs in the 1990s, the ZIP family has been expanding to contain tens of thousands of members playing key roles in uptake and homeostasis of life-essential trace elements, primarily zinc, iron and manganese. Some family members are also responsible for toxic metal (particularly cadmium) absorption and distribution. Their central roles in trace element biology, and implications in many human diseases, including cancers, have elicited interest across multiple disciplines for potential applications in biomedicine, agriculture and environmental protection. In this review and perspective, selected areas under rapid progress in the last several years, including structural biology, evolution, and drug discovery against cancers, are summarised and commented. Future research to address the most prominent issues associated with transport and regulation mechanisms are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Hu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.,Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
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29
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Castorina S, Barresi V, Luca T, Privitera G, De Geronimo V, Lezoche G, Cosentini I, Di Vincenzo A, Barbatelli G, Giordano A, Taus M, Nicolai A, Condorelli DF, Cinti S. Gastric ghrelin cells in obese patients are hyperactive. Int J Obes (Lond) 2020; 45:184-194. [PMID: 33230309 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-020-00711-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Distribution and activity of ghrelin cells in the stomach of obese subjects are controversial. SUBJECTS/METHODS We examined samples from stomachs removed by sleeve gastrectomy in 49 obese subjects (normoglycemic, hyperglycemic and diabetic) and quantified the density of ghrelin/chromogranin endocrine cells by immunohistochemistry. Data were compared with those from 13 lean subjects evaluated by gastroscopy. In 44 cases (11 controls and 33 obese patients) a gene expression analysis of ghrelin and its activating enzyme ghrelin O-acyl transferase (GOAT) was performed. In 21 cases (4 controls and 17 obese patients) the protein levels of unacylated and acylated-ghrelin were measured by ELISA tests. In 18 cases (4 controls and 14 obese patients) the morphology of ghrelin-producing cells was evaluated by electron microscopy. RESULTS The obese group, either considered as total population or divided into subgroups, did not show any significant difference in ghrelin cell density when compared with control subjects. Inter-glandular smooth muscle fibres were increased in obese patients. In line with a positive trend of the desacylated form found by ELISA, Ghrelin and GOAT mRNA expression in obese patients was significantly increased. The unique ghrelin cell ultrastructure was maintained in all obese groups. In the hyperglycemic obese patients, the higher ghrelin expression matched with ultrastructural signs of endocrine hyperactivity, including expanded rough endoplasmic reticulum and reduced density, size and electron-density of endocrine granules. A positive correlation between ghrelin gene expression and glycemic values, body mass index and GOAT was also found. All obese patients with type 2 diabetes recovered from diabetes at follow-up after 5 months with a 16.5% of weight loss. CONCLUSIONS Given the known inhibitory role on insulin secretion of ghrelin, these results suggest a possible role for gastric ghrelin overproduction in the complex architecture that takes part in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Castorina
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Catania, Italy.,Mediterranean Foundation "G.B. Morgagni", Catania, Italy
| | - Vincenza Barresi
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Medical Biochemistry, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Tonia Luca
- Mediterranean Foundation "G.B. Morgagni", Catania, Italy
| | | | | | - Giovanni Lezoche
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Center of Obesity, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy
| | - Ilaria Cosentini
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Medical Biochemistry, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Angelica Di Vincenzo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Center of Obesity, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy
| | - Giorgio Barbatelli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Center of Obesity, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy
| | - Antonio Giordano
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Center of Obesity, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy
| | - Marina Taus
- Dietetic Unit and Clinical Nutrition, United Hospitals of Ancona, Ancona, Italy
| | - Albano Nicolai
- Dietetic Unit and Clinical Nutrition, United Hospitals of Ancona, Ancona, Italy
| | - Daniele Filippo Condorelli
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Medical Biochemistry, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Saverio Cinti
- Mediterranean Foundation "G.B. Morgagni", Catania, Italy. .,Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Center of Obesity, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy. .,Dietetic Unit and Clinical Nutrition, United Hospitals of Ancona, Ancona, Italy.
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30
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Guo Y, He Y. Comprehensive analysis of the expression of SLC30A family genes and prognosis in human gastric cancer. Sci Rep 2020; 10:18352. [PMID: 33110097 PMCID: PMC7591519 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-75012-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The solute carrier 30 (SLC30) family genes play a fundamental role in various cancers. However, the diverse expression patterns, prognostic value, and potential mechanism of SLC30A family genes in gastric cancer (GC) remain unknown. Herein, we analyzed the expression and survival data of SLC30A family genes in GC patients using multiple bioinformatic approaches. Expression data of SLC30A family genes for GC patients were extracted from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and genetic alteration frequency assessed by using cBioportal database. And validated the expression of SLC30A family genes in GC tissues and corresponding normal tissues. The prognostic value of SLC30A family genes in gastric cancer patients were explored using Kaplan–Meier plotter database. Functional enrichment analysis performed using DAVID database and clusterProfiler package. And ssGSEA algorithm was performed to explore the relationship between the SLC30A family genes and the infiltration of immune cells. We found that the median expression levels of SLC30A1-3, 5–7, and 9 were significantly upregulated in gastric cancer tissues compared to non-cancerous tissues, while SLC30A4 was downregulated. Meanwhile, SLC30A1-7, and 9 were significantly correlated with advanced tumor stage and nodal metastasis status, SLC30A5-7, and 9–10 were significantly related to the Helicobacter pylori infection status of GC patients. High expression of five genes (SLC30A1, 5–7, and 9) was significantly correlated with better overall survival (OS), first progression survival (FPS), and post progression survival (PPS). Conversely, upregulated SLC30A2-4, 8, and 10 expression was markedly associated with poor OS, FP and PPS. And SLC30A family genes were closely associated with the infiltration of immune cells. The present study implied that SLC30A5 and 7 may be potential biomarkers for predicting prognosis in GC patients, SLC30A2 and 3 play an oncogenic role in GC patients and could provide a new strategy for GC patients treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongdong Guo
- Cancer Institute, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050011, China
| | - Yutong He
- Cancer Institute, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050011, China.
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31
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Dalal N, Jalandra R, Sharma M, Prakash H, Makharia GK, Solanki PR, Singh R, Kumar A. Omics technologies for improved diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer: Technical advancement and major perspectives. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 131:110648. [PMID: 33152902 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks third among the most commonly occurring cancers worldwide, and it causes half a million deaths annually. Alongside mechanistic study for CRC detection and treatment by conventional techniques, new technologies have been developed to study CRC. These technologies include genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics which elucidate DNA markers, RNA transcripts, protein and, metabolites produced inside the colon and rectum part of the gut. All these approaches form the omics arena, which presents a remarkable opportunity for the discovery of novel prognostic, diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers and also delineate the underlying mechanism of CRC causation, which may further help in devising treatment strategies. This review also mentions the latest developments in metagenomics and culturomics as emerging evidence suggests that metagenomics of gut microbiota has profound implications in the causation, prognosis, and treatment of CRC. A majority of bacteria cannot be studied as they remain unculturable, so culturomics has also been strengthened to develop culture conditions suitable for the growth of unculturable bacteria and identify unknown bacteria. The overall purpose of this review is to succinctly evaluate the application of omics technologies in colorectal cancer research for improving the diagnosis and treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nishu Dalal
- Gene Regulation Laboratory, National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi 110067, India; Department of Environmental Science, Satyawati College, Delhi University, Delhi 110052, India
| | - Rekha Jalandra
- Gene Regulation Laboratory, National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi 110067, India; Department of Zoology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak 124001, India
| | - Minakshi Sharma
- Department of Zoology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak 124001, India
| | - Hridayesh Prakash
- Amity Institute of Virology and Immunology, Amity University, Sector 125, Noida 201313, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Govind K Makharia
- Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutrition, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Pratima R Solanki
- Special Centre for Nanoscience, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Rajeev Singh
- Department of Environmental Science, Satyawati College, Delhi University, Delhi 110052, India.
| | - Anil Kumar
- Gene Regulation Laboratory, National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi 110067, India.
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How Dysregulated Ion Channels and Transporters Take a Hand in Esophageal, Liver, and Colorectal Cancer. Rev Physiol Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 181:129-222. [PMID: 32875386 DOI: 10.1007/112_2020_41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Over the last two decades, the understanding of how dysregulated ion channels and transporters are involved in carcinogenesis and tumor growth and progression, including invasiveness and metastasis, has been increasing exponentially. The present review specifies virtually all ion channels and transporters whose faulty expression or regulation contributes to esophageal, hepatocellular, and colorectal cancer. The variety reaches from Ca2+, K+, Na+, and Cl- channels over divalent metal transporters, Na+ or Cl- coupled Ca2+, HCO3- and H+ exchangers to monocarboxylate carriers and organic anion and cation transporters. In several cases, the underlying mechanisms by which these ion channels/transporters are interwoven with malignancies have been fully or at least partially unveiled. Ca2+, Akt/NF-κB, and Ca2+- or pH-dependent Wnt/β-catenin signaling emerge as cross points through which ion channels/transporters interfere with gene expression, modulate cell proliferation, trigger epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, and promote cell motility and metastasis. Also miRs, lncRNAs, and DNA methylation represent potential links between the misexpression of genes encoding for ion channels/transporters, their malfunctioning, and cancer. The knowledge of all these molecular interactions has provided the basis for therapeutic strategies and approaches, some of which will be broached in this review.
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33
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Prasad B, Tian Y, Li X. Large-Scale Analysis Reveals Gene Signature for Survival Prediction in Primary Glioblastoma. Mol Neurobiol 2020; 57:5235-5246. [PMID: 32875483 PMCID: PMC7541357 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-020-02088-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive and common primary central nervous system tumour. Despite extensive therapy, GBM patients usually have poor prognosis with a median survival of 12–15 months. Novel molecular biomarkers that can improve survival prediction and help with treatment strategies are still urgently required. Here we aimed to robustly identify a gene signature panel for improved survival prediction in primary GBM patients. We identified 2166 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) using meta-analysis of microarray datasets comprising of 955 samples (biggest primary GBM cohort for such studies as per our knowledge) and 3368 DEGs from RNA-seq dataset with 165 samples. Based on the 1443 common DEGs, using univariate Cox and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) with multivariate Cox regression, we identified a survival associated 4-gene signature panel including IGFBP2, PTPRN, STEAP2 and SLC39A10 and thereafter established a risk score model that performed well in survival prediction. High-risk group patients had significantly poorer survival as compared with those in the low-risk group (AUC = 0.766 for 1-year prediction). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that predictive value of the 4-gene signature panel was independent of other clinical and pathological features and hence is a potential prognostic biomarker. More importantly, we validated this signature in three independent GBM cohorts to test its generality. In conclusion, our integrated analysis using meta-analysis approach maximizes the use of the available gene expression data and robustly identified a 4-gene panel for predicting survival in primary GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birbal Prasad
- National Horizons Centre, School of Health and Life Sciences, Teesside University, Darlington, DL1 1HG UK
| | - Yongji Tian
- Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinzhong Li
- National Horizons Centre, School of Health and Life Sciences, Teesside University, Darlington, DL1 1HG UK
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Nimmanon T, Ziliotto S, Ogle O, Burt A, Gee JMW, Andrews GK, Kille P, Hogstrand C, Maret W, Taylor KM. The ZIP6/ZIP10 heteromer is essential for the zinc-mediated trigger of mitosis. Cell Mol Life Sci 2020; 78:1781-1798. [PMID: 32797246 PMCID: PMC7904737 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03616-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Zinc has been known to be essential for cell division for over 40 years but the molecular pathways involved remain elusive. Cellular zinc import across biological membranes necessitates the help of zinc transporters such as the SLC39A family of ZIP transporters. We have discovered a molecular process that explains why zinc is required for cell division, involving two highly regulated zinc transporters, as a heteromer of ZIP6 and ZIP10, providing the means of cellular zinc entry at a specific time of the cell cycle that initiates a pathway resulting in the onset of mitosis. Crucially, when the zinc influx across this heteromer is blocked by ZIP6 or ZIP10 specific antibodies, there is no evidence of mitosis, confirming the requirement for zinc influx as a trigger of mitosis. The zinc that influxes into cells to trigger mitosis additionally changes the phosphorylation state of STAT3 converting it from a transcription factor to a protein that complexes with this heteromer and pS38Stathmin, the form allowing microtubule rearrangement as required in mitosis. This discovery now explains the specific cellular role of ZIP6 and ZIP10 and how they have special importance in the mitosis process compared to other ZIP transporter family members. This finding offers new therapeutic opportunities for inhibition of cell division in the many proliferative diseases that exist, such as cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thirayost Nimmanon
- Department of Pathology, Phramongkutklao College of Medicine, 315 Ratchawithi Road, Thung Phayathai, Ratchathewi, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Silvia Ziliotto
- Breast Cancer Molecular Pharmacology Group, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Redwood Building, Cardiff University, King Edward VII Avenue, Cardiff, CF10 3NB, UK
| | - Olivia Ogle
- Breast Cancer Molecular Pharmacology Group, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Redwood Building, Cardiff University, King Edward VII Avenue, Cardiff, CF10 3NB, UK
| | - Anna Burt
- Breast Cancer Molecular Pharmacology Group, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Redwood Building, Cardiff University, King Edward VII Avenue, Cardiff, CF10 3NB, UK
| | - Julia M W Gee
- Breast Cancer Molecular Pharmacology Group, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Redwood Building, Cardiff University, King Edward VII Avenue, Cardiff, CF10 3NB, UK
| | - Glen K Andrews
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kansas City, USA.,Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical Center, University of Kansas, Kansas City, KS, 66106, USA
| | - Pete Kille
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Sir Martin Evans Building, Museum Avenue, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Christer Hogstrand
- Metal Metabolism Group, Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences Division, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Wolfgang Maret
- Metal Metabolism Group, Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences Division, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Kathryn M Taylor
- Breast Cancer Molecular Pharmacology Group, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Redwood Building, Cardiff University, King Edward VII Avenue, Cardiff, CF10 3NB, UK.
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Miller M, Mellul A, Braun M, Sherill-Rofe D, Cohen E, Shpilt Z, Unterman I, Braitbard O, Hochman J, Tshuva EY, Tabach Y. Titanium Tackles the Endoplasmic Reticulum: A First Genomic Study on a Titanium Anticancer Metallodrug. iScience 2020; 23:101262. [PMID: 32585595 PMCID: PMC7322074 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PhenolaTi is an advanced non-toxic anticancer chemotherapy; this inert bis(phenolato)bis(alkoxo) Ti(IV) complex demonstrates the intriguing combination of high and wide efficacy with no detected toxicity in animals. Here we unravel the cellular pathways involved in its mechanism of action by a first genome study on Ti(IV)-treated cells, using an attuned RNA sequencing-based available technology. First, phenolaTi induced apoptosis and cell-cycle arrest at the G2/M phase in MCF7 cells. Second, the transcriptome of the treated cells was analyzed, identifying alterations in pathways relating to protein translation, DNA damage, and mitochondrial eruption. Unlike for common metallodrugs, electrophoresis assay showed no inhibition of DNA polymerase activity. Reduced in vitro cytotoxicity with added endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress inhibitor supported the ER as a putative cellular target. Altogether, this paper reveals a distinct ER-related mechanism by the Ti(IV) anticancer coordination complex, paving the way for wider applicability of related techniques in mechanistic analyses of metallodrugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya Miller
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel; Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute of Medical Research-Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel
| | - Anna Mellul
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute of Medical Research-Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel
| | - Maya Braun
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute of Medical Research-Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel
| | - Dana Sherill-Rofe
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute of Medical Research-Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel
| | - Emiliano Cohen
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute of Medical Research-Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel
| | - Zohar Shpilt
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Irene Unterman
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute of Medical Research-Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel
| | - Ori Braitbard
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Science, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Jacob Hochman
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Science, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Edit Y Tshuva
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel.
| | - Yuval Tabach
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute of Medical Research-Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel.
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Bird AJ, Wilson S. Zinc homeostasis in the secretory pathway in yeast. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2020; 55:145-150. [PMID: 32114317 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2020.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 12/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
It is estimated that up to 10% of proteins in eukaryotes require zinc for their function. Although the majority of these proteins are located in the nucleus and cytosol, a small subset is secreted from cells or is located within an intracellular compartment. As many of these compartmentalized metalloproteins fold to their native state and bind their zinc cofactor inside an organelle, cells require mechanisms to maintain supply of zinc to these compartments even under conditions of zinc deficiency. At the same time, intracellular compartments can also be the site for storing zinc ions, which then can be mobilized when needed. In this review, we highlight insight that has been obtained from yeast models about how zinc homeostasis is maintained in the secretory pathway and vacuole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda J Bird
- Department of Molecular Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA; Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA; Center for RNA Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
| | - Stevin Wilson
- Department of Molecular Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
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Russo C, Patanè M, Vicario N, Di Bella V, Cosentini I, Barresi V, Gulino R, Pellitteri R, Russo A, Stanzani S. Olfactory Ensheathing Cells express both Ghrelin and Ghrelin Receptor in vitro: a new hypothesis in favor of a neurotrophic effect. Neuropeptides 2020; 79:101997. [PMID: 31784044 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2019.101997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Olfactory Ensheathing Cells (OECs) are glial cells able to secrete different neurotrophic growth factors and thus promote axonal growth, also acting as a mechanical support. In the olfactory system, during development, they drive the non-myelinated axons of the Olfactory Receptor Neurons (ORNs) towards the Olfactory Bulb (OB). Ghrelin (Ghre), a gut-brain peptide hormone, and its receptor (GHS-R 1a) are expressed in different parts of the central nervous system. In the last few years, this peptide has stimulated particular interest as results show it to be a neuroprotective factor with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic properties. Our previous studies showed that OB mitral cells express Ghre, thus being able to play an important role in regulating food behavior in response to odors. In this study, we investigated the presence of Ghre and GHS-R 1a in primary mouse OECs. The expression of both Ghre and its receptor was assessed by an immunocytochemical technique, Western Blot and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) analysis. Our results demonstrated that OECs are able to express both Ghre and GHS-R 1a and that these proteins are detectable after extensive passages in vitro; in addition, PCR analysis further confirmed these data. Therefore, we can hypothesize that Ghre and GHS-R 1a interact with a reinforcement function, in the peripheral olfactory circuit, providing a neurotrophic support to the synaptic interaction between ORNs and mitral cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Russo
- Dept Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Physiology, University of Catania, Italy
| | - Martina Patanè
- Dept Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Physiology, University of Catania, Italy
| | - Nunzio Vicario
- Dept Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Physiology, University of Catania, Italy
| | - Virginia Di Bella
- Dept Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Medical Biochemistry, University of Catania, Italy
| | - Ilaria Cosentini
- Dept Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Medical Biochemistry, University of Catania, Italy
| | - Vincenza Barresi
- Dept Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Medical Biochemistry, University of Catania, Italy
| | - Rosario Gulino
- Dept Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Physiology, University of Catania, Italy
| | - Rosalia Pellitteri
- Inst for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council, Catania, Italy
| | - Antonella Russo
- Dept Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Physiology, University of Catania, Italy.
| | - Stefania Stanzani
- Dept Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Physiology, University of Catania, Italy
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Barresi V, Cosentini I, Scuderi C, Napoli S, Di Bella V, Spampinato G, Condorelli DF. Fusion Transcripts of Adjacent Genes: New Insights into the World of Human Complex Transcripts in Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20215252. [PMID: 31652751 PMCID: PMC6862657 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20215252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The awareness of genome complexity brought a radical approach to the study of transcriptome, opening eyes to single RNAs generated from two or more adjacent genes according to the present consensus. This kind of transcript was thought to originate only from chromosomal rearrangements, but the discovery of readthrough transcription opens the doors to a new world of fusion RNAs. In the last years many possible intergenic cis-splicing mechanisms have been proposed, unveiling the origins of transcripts that contain some exons of both the upstream and downstream genes. In some cases, alternative mechanisms, such as trans-splicing and transcriptional slippage, have been proposed. Five databases, containing validated and predicted Fusion Transcripts of Adjacent Genes (FuTAGs), are available for the scientific community. A comparative analysis revealed that two of them contain the majority of the results. A complete analysis of the more widely characterized FuTAGs is provided in this review, including their expression pattern in normal tissues and in cancer. Gene structure, intergenic splicing patterns and exon junction sequences have been determined and here reported for well-characterized FuTAGs. The available functional data and the possible roles in cancer progression are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenza Barresi
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Medical Biochemistry, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy.
| | - Ilaria Cosentini
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Medical Biochemistry, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy.
| | - Chiara Scuderi
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Medical Biochemistry, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy.
| | - Salvatore Napoli
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Medical Biochemistry, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy.
| | - Virginia Di Bella
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Medical Biochemistry, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy.
| | - Giorgia Spampinato
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Medical Biochemistry, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy.
| | - Daniele Filippo Condorelli
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Medical Biochemistry, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy.
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Anderson KJ, Cormier RT, Scott PM. Role of ion channels in gastrointestinal cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2019; 25:5732-5772. [PMID: 31636470 PMCID: PMC6801186 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v25.i38.5732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In their seminal papers Hanahan and Weinberg described oncogenic processes a normal cell undergoes to be transformed into a cancer cell. The functions of ion channels in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract influence a variety of cellular processes, many of which overlap with these hallmarks of cancer. In this review we focus on the roles of the calcium (Ca2+), sodium (Na+), potassium (K+), chloride (Cl-) and zinc (Zn2+) transporters in GI cancer, with a special emphasis on the roles of the KCNQ1 K+ channel and CFTR Cl- channel in colorectal cancer (CRC). Ca2+ is a ubiquitous second messenger, serving as a signaling molecule for a variety of cellular processes such as control of the cell cycle, apoptosis, and migration. Various members of the TRP superfamily, including TRPM8, TRPM7, TRPM6 and TRPM2, have been implicated in GI cancers, especially through overexpression in pancreatic adenocarcinomas and down-regulation in colon cancer. Voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs) are classically associated with the initiation and conduction of action potentials in electrically excitable cells such as neurons and muscle cells. The VGSC NaV1.5 is abundantly expressed in human colorectal CRC cell lines as well as being highly expressed in primary CRC samples. Studies have demonstrated that conductance through NaV1.5 contributes significantly to CRC cell invasiveness and cancer progression. Zn2+ transporters of the ZIP/SLC39A and ZnT/SLC30A families are dysregulated in all major GI organ cancers, in particular, ZIP4 up-regulation in pancreatic cancer (PC). More than 70 K+ channel genes, clustered in four families, are found expressed in the GI tract, where they regulate a range of cellular processes, including gastrin secretion in the stomach and anion secretion and fluid balance in the intestinal tract. Several distinct types of K+ channels are found dysregulated in the GI tract. Notable are hERG1 upregulation in PC, gastric cancer (GC) and CRC, leading to enhanced cancer angiogenesis and invasion, and KCNQ1 down-regulation in CRC, where KCNQ1 expression is associated with enhanced disease-free survival in stage II, III, and IV disease. Cl- channels are critical for a range of cellular and tissue processes in the GI tract, especially fluid balance in the colon. Most notable is CFTR, whose deficiency leads to mucus blockage, microbial dysbiosis and inflammation in the intestinal tract. CFTR is a tumor suppressor in several GI cancers. Cystic fibrosis patients are at a significant risk for CRC and low levels of CFTR expression are associated with poor overall disease-free survival in sporadic CRC. Two other classes of chloride channels that are dysregulated in GI cancers are the chloride intracellular channels (CLIC1, 3 & 4) and the chloride channel accessory proteins (CLCA1,2,4). CLIC1 & 4 are upregulated in PC, GC, gallbladder cancer, and CRC, while the CLCA proteins have been reported to be down-regulated in CRC. In summary, it is clear, from the diverse influences of ion channels, that their aberrant expression and/or activity can contribute to malignant transformation and tumor progression. Further, because ion channels are often localized to the plasma membrane and subject to multiple layers of regulation, they represent promising clinical targets for therapeutic intervention including the repurposing of current drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle J Anderson
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota Medical School, Duluth, MN 55812, United States
| | - Robert T Cormier
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota Medical School, Duluth, MN 55812, United States
| | - Patricia M Scott
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota Medical School, Duluth, MN 55812, United States
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40
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Ohashi W, Hara T, Takagishi T, Hase K, Fukada T. Maintenance of Intestinal Epithelial Homeostasis by Zinc Transporters. Dig Dis Sci 2019; 64:2404-2415. [PMID: 30830525 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-019-05561-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Zinc is an essential micronutrient for normal organ function, and dysregulation of zinc metabolism has been implicated in a wide range of diseases. Emerging evidence has revealed that zinc transporters play diverse roles in cellular homeostasis and function by regulating zinc trafficking via organelles or the plasma membrane. In the gastrointestinal tract, zinc deficiency leads to diarrhea and dysfunction of intestinal epithelial cells. Studies also showed that zinc transporters are very important in intestinal epithelial homeostasis. In this review, we describe the physiological roles of zinc transporters in intestinal epithelial functions and relevance of zinc transporters in gastrointestinal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wakana Ohashi
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences for Research, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Takafumi Hara
- Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, 180 Nishihamabouji, Yamashiro, Tokushima, 770-8055, Japan
| | - Teruhisa Takagishi
- Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, 180 Nishihamabouji, Yamashiro, Tokushima, 770-8055, Japan
| | - Koji Hase
- Division of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8512, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Fukada
- Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, 180 Nishihamabouji, Yamashiro, Tokushima, 770-8055, Japan.
- Division of Pathology, Department of Oral Diagnostic Sciences, School of dentistry, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan.
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, 1-7-22, Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama City, Kanagawa, 230-0042, Japan.
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