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Yao D, Shen C, Zhang X, Tang J, Yu J, Tu M, Panpipat W, Chaijan M, Zhang H, Xu X, Liu Y, Cheong LZ. Untargeted metabolomics study of mature human milk from women with and without gestational diabetes mellitus. Food Chem 2024; 460:140663. [PMID: 39142199 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a prevalent metabolic disorder during pregnancy that alters the metabolites in human milk. Integrated Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) and Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS) were employed for comprehensive identification and comparison of metabolites in mature human milk (MHM) from women with and without GDM. A total of 268 differentially expressed metabolites (DEMs) were identified. Among these, linoleic acid, arachidonic acid, 9R-HODE and L-glutamic acid were significantly elevated and 12,13-DHOME was significantly decreased in MHM of women with GDM. These metabolites are significantly enriched in linoleic acid metabolism, fatty acid biosynthesis, galactose metabolism and ABC transporters pathways. Disorders in these metabolic pathways are associated with insulin resistance and poor glucose metabolism indicating these conditions may persist postpartum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Yao
- Zhejiang-Malaysia Joint Research Laboratory for Agricultural Product Processing and Nutrition, Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Deep Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315800, China
| | - Cai Shen
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Science, University of Melbourne, 3010, Australia
| | - Xinghe Zhang
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Science, University of Melbourne, 3010, Australia
| | - Jiayue Tang
- Zhejiang-Malaysia Joint Research Laboratory for Agricultural Product Processing and Nutrition, Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Deep Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315800, China
| | - Jingwen Yu
- Zhejiang-Malaysia Joint Research Laboratory for Agricultural Product Processing and Nutrition, Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Deep Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315800, China
| | - Maolin Tu
- Zhejiang-Malaysia Joint Research Laboratory for Agricultural Product Processing and Nutrition, Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Deep Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315800, China
| | - Worawan Panpipat
- School of Agricultural Technology and Food Industry, Walailak University, 80161, 222 Thaiburi, Thasala District, Nakhonsrithammarat, Thailand
| | - Manat Chaijan
- School of Agricultural Technology and Food Industry, Walailak University, 80161, 222 Thaiburi, Thasala District, Nakhonsrithammarat, Thailand
| | - Hong Zhang
- Wilmar (Shanghai) Biotechnology Research and Development Center Co Ltd., No.118 Gaodong Rd., Pudong New District, Shanghai 200137, China
| | - Xuebing Xu
- Wilmar (Shanghai) Biotechnology Research and Development Center Co Ltd., No.118 Gaodong Rd., Pudong New District, Shanghai 200137, China
| | - Yanan Liu
- Zhejiang-Malaysia Joint Research Laboratory for Agricultural Product Processing and Nutrition, Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Deep Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315800, China
| | - Ling-Zhi Cheong
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Science, University of Melbourne, 3010, Australia
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Joshi N, Jadhav A, Godhamgaonkar A, Sundrani D, Randhir K, Pisal H, Wagh G, Krishnaveni G, Gupte S, Joshi S. Fatty acids and their metabolites (resolvins) are altered in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Food Funct 2024; 15:3023-3035. [PMID: 38412051 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo05348b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
The maternal fatty acid status plays a key role in influencing pregnancy outcomes. Omega-3 fatty acids are the precursors for E-series (RvE) and D-series resolvins (RvD) and possess anti-inflammatory properties. Pregnancy complications like gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are associated with excess maternal inflammation. This study reports the levels of maternal fatty acids across gestation in GDM and non-GDM women, placental fatty acids, resolvins and their association with the maternal fatty acid status. Pregnant women were recruited at 11-14 (V1) weeks and followed at 18-22 (V2) and 26-28 (V3) weeks and at delivery (V4). A total of 209 women who were diagnosed as GDM and 207 non-GDM women were included in this study. Fatty acids were estimated using gas chromatography. The protein levels of resolvins (RvE1, RvE2, RvD1 and RvD2) were measured using ELISA kits. Total PUFAs, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), omega-6 fatty acids, linoleic acid (LA) and arachidonic acid (AA) were lower, while saturated fatty acid (SFA) and alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) levels were higher in GDM women at 18-22 weeks. Placental AA was lower (p < 0.05) in women with GDM. Placental protein levels of RvE1, RvD1 and RvD2 were lower (p < 0.001 for all) in the GDM group. The maternal delta 5 desaturase index was positively associated, while erythrocyte omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids were negatively associated with RvE2 at 11-14 weeks. Placental LA and ALA were positively associated with RvD1 and RvD2 (p < 0.05, for both), respectively. Our findings suggest that the maternal fatty acid status influences pro-resolving mediators which may lead to increased inflammation in GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Joshi
- Mother and Child Health, ICMR-Collaborating Centre of Excellence (ICMR-CCoE), Interactive Research School for Health Affairs (IRSHA), Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune- 411043, India.
| | - Anjali Jadhav
- Mother and Child Health, ICMR-Collaborating Centre of Excellence (ICMR-CCoE), Interactive Research School for Health Affairs (IRSHA), Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune- 411043, India.
| | - Aditi Godhamgaonkar
- Mother and Child Health, ICMR-Collaborating Centre of Excellence (ICMR-CCoE), Interactive Research School for Health Affairs (IRSHA), Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune- 411043, India.
| | - Deepali Sundrani
- Mother and Child Health, ICMR-Collaborating Centre of Excellence (ICMR-CCoE), Interactive Research School for Health Affairs (IRSHA), Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune- 411043, India.
| | - Karuna Randhir
- Mother and Child Health, ICMR-Collaborating Centre of Excellence (ICMR-CCoE), Interactive Research School for Health Affairs (IRSHA), Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune- 411043, India.
| | - Hemalata Pisal
- Mother and Child Health, ICMR-Collaborating Centre of Excellence (ICMR-CCoE), Interactive Research School for Health Affairs (IRSHA), Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune- 411043, India.
| | - Girija Wagh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Bharati Medical College and Hospital, Bharati Vidyapeeth University, Pune, India
| | - Ghattu Krishnaveni
- Epidemiology Research Unit, CSI Holdsworth Memorial Hospital, Mysore, India
| | | | - Sadhana Joshi
- Mother and Child Health, ICMR-Collaborating Centre of Excellence (ICMR-CCoE), Interactive Research School for Health Affairs (IRSHA), Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune- 411043, India.
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Yang Y, Peng Y, Yu B, Wang H. ABHD5-CPT1B: An Important Way of Regulating Placental Lipid Metabolism in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. Arch Med Res 2024; 55:102925. [PMID: 38042031 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2023.102925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is one of the most common metabolic disorders in pregnancy, and a novel association of maternal lipid profile has been suggested to play an important role. However, the molecular mechanism is not clear. METHODS Bio-analyzed combined with placental metabonomics and single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) successfully identified a potentially important molecule: α-β hydrolase domain-containing protein 5 (ABHD5). The syncytiotrophoblast (SCT) cell model was adopted as a fusion of BeWo cells in response to forskolin. On this basis, the high glucose-stimulated cell experiment was carried out. 15 women with GDM and 15 normal pregnant women were recruited for validation experiments. RESULTS ABHD5 was mainly expressed in the trophoblast cells, especially in SCT cells, and significantly decreased in the GDM placenta. After stimulation by high glucose, the expression of ABHD5 was downregulated in a time-dependent manner in BeWo cells treated with forskolin. At the same time, lipid droplets (LDs) were increased in the SCT. LD storage was also increased in the SCT with siABHD5, while it was significantly reduced in SCT cells with high ABHD5 expression. However, this effect could be attenuated by downregulated carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1B (CPT1B). CONCLUSIONS ABHD5-CPT1B is confirmed as an important regulator of placental lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqi Yang
- Department of Medical Genetics, Changzhou maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changzhou Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, No.16 Ding Xiang Road, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yue Peng
- Department of Obstetrics, Changzhou maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changzhou Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, No.16 Ding Xiang Road, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Bin Yu
- Department of Medical Genetics, Changzhou maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changzhou Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, No.16 Ding Xiang Road, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Huiyan Wang
- Department of Obstetrics, Changzhou maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changzhou Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, No.16 Ding Xiang Road, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
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Contini T, Béranger R, Multigner L, Klánová J, Price EJ, David A. A Critical Review on the Opportunity to Use Placenta and Innovative Biomonitoring Methods to Characterize the Prenatal Chemical Exposome. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:15301-15313. [PMID: 37796725 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c04845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Adverse effects associated with chemical exposures during pregnancy include several developmental and reproductive disorders. However, considering the tens of thousands of chemicals present on the market, the effects of chemical mixtures on the developing fetus is still likely underestimated. In this critical review, we discuss the potential to apply innovative biomonitoring methods using high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) on placenta to improve the monitoring of chemical exposure during pregnancy. The physiology of the placenta and its relevance as a matrix for monitoring chemical exposures and their effects on fetal health is first outlined. We then identify several key parameters that require further investigations before placenta can be used for large-scale monitoring in a robust manner. Most critical is the need for standardization of placental sampling. Placenta is a highly heterogeneous organ, and knowledge of the intraplacenta variability of chemical composition is required to ensure unbiased and robust interindividual comparisons. Other important variables include the time of collection, the sex of the fetus, and mode of delivery. Finally, we discuss the first applications of HRMS methods on the placenta to decipher the chemical exposome and describe how the use of placenta can complement biofluids collected on the mother or the fetus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Contini
- Univ Rennes, CHU Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000 Rennes, France
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Rémi Béranger
- Univ Rennes, CHU Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Luc Multigner
- Univ Rennes, CHU Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Jana Klánová
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Elliott J Price
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Arthur David
- Univ Rennes, CHU Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000 Rennes, France
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Jiang Y, Du Y, Su R, Wei L, Gao P, Zhang J, Zhou X, Zhu S, Zhang H, Chen Y, Fang C, Wang S, Yu J, Ding W, Feng L. Analysis, validation, and discussion of key genes in placenta of patients with gestational diabetes mellitus. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2023; 248:1806-1817. [PMID: 37873933 PMCID: PMC10792417 DOI: 10.1177/15353702231199077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common complication during pregnancy, which can have harmful health consequences for both the mother and the fetus. Given the placenta's crucial role as an endocrine organ during pregnancy, exploring and validating key genes in the placenta hold significant potential in the realm of GDM prevention and treatment. In this study, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified from two databases, GSE70493 and PRJNA646212, and verified by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) in placenta tissues. DEGs expression was detected in normal or high-glucose-treated HTR8/SVneo cells. We also investigated the relationship between DEGs and glucose levels in GDM patients. By selecting the intersection of the two databases, we screened 20 DEGs, which were validated in GDM patients. We observed an up-regulation of SLAMF, ALDH1A2, and CHI3L2, and a down-regulation of HLA-E, MYH11, HLA-DRB5, ITGAX, GZMB, NAIP, TMEM74B, RANBP3L, PAEP, WT-1, and CEP170. We conducted further investigations into the expression of DEGs in HTR8/SVneo cells exposed to high glucose, revealing a significant upregulation in the expression of SERPINA3, while the expressions of HLA-E, BCL6, NAIP, PAEP, MUC16, WT-1, and CEP170 were decreased. Moreover, some DEGs were confirmed to have a positive or negative correlation with blood glucose levels of GDM patients through correlation analysis. The identified DEGs are anticipated to exert potential implications in the prevention and management of GDM, thereby offering potential benefits for improving pregnancy outcomes and long-term prognosis of fetuses among individuals affected by GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Jiang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yuanyuan Du
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Rui Su
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Lijie Wei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Peng Gao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Jingyi Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Xuan Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Shenglan Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Huiting Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yuting Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Chenyun Fang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Shaoshuai Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Jun Yu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Wencheng Ding
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Ling Feng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
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Shook LL, James KE, Roberts DJ, Powe CE, Perlis RH, Thornburg KL, O'Tierney-Ginn PF, Edlow AG. Sex-specific impact of maternal obesity on fetal placental macrophages and cord blood triglycerides. Placenta 2023; 140:100-108. [PMID: 37566941 PMCID: PMC10529163 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2023.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Maternal obesity is associated with increased risk of offspring obesity and cardiometabolic disease. Altered fetoplacental immune programming is a potential candidate mechanism. Differences in fetal placental macrophages, or Hofbauer cells (HBCs), have been observed in maternal obesity, and lipid metabolism is a key function of resident macrophages that may be deranged in inflammation/immune activation. We sought to test the following hypotheses: 1) maternal obesity is associated with altered HBC density and phenotype in the term placenta and 2) obesity-associated HBC changes are associated with altered placental lipid transport to the fetus. The impact of fetal sex was evaluated in all experiments. METHODS We quantified the density and morphology of CD163-and CD68-positive HBCs in placental villi in 34 full-term pregnancies undergoing cesarean delivery (N = 15, maternal BMI ≥30 kg/m2; N = 19, BMI <30 kg/m2). Antibody-positive cells in terminal villi were detected and cell size and circularity analyzed using a semi-automated method for thresholding of bright-field microscopy images (ImageJ). Placental expression of lipid transporter genes was quantified using RTqPCR, and cord plasma triglycerides (TGs) were profiled using modified Wahlefeld method. The impact of maternal obesity and fetal sex on HBC features, lipid transporters, and cord TGs were evaluated by two-way ANOVA. Spearman correlations of cord TGs, HBC metrics and gene expression levels were calculated. RESULTS Maternal obesity was associated with significantly increased density of HBCs, with male placentas most affected (fetal sex by maternal obesity interaction p = 0.04). CD163+ HBCs were larger and rounder in obesity-exposed male placentas. Sexually dimorphic expression of placental FATP4, FATP6, FABPPM, AMPKB1 and AMPKG and cord TGs was noted in maternal obesity, such that levels were higher in males and lower in females relative to sex-matched controls. Cord TGs were positively correlated with HBC density and FATP1 expression. DISCUSSION Maternal obesity is associated with sex-specific alterations in HBC density and placental lipid transporter expression, which may impact umbilical cord blood TG levels and offspring cardiometabolic programming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydia L Shook
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 0114, USA; Vincent Center for Reproductive Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Kaitlyn E James
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 0114, USA
| | - Drucilla J Roberts
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Camille E Powe
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 0114, USA; Department of Medicine, Diabetes Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Roy H Perlis
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA; Center for Quantitative Health, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Kent L Thornburg
- Center for Developmental Health, Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Perrie F O'Tierney-Ginn
- Tufts Medical Center, Mother Infant Research Institute, Box# 394, 800 Washington Street, Boston, MA, 02111, USA
| | - Andrea G Edlow
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 0114, USA; Vincent Center for Reproductive Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
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Watkins OC, Pillai RA, Selvam P, Yong HE, Cracknell‐Hazra VK, Sharma N, Cazenave‐Gassiot A, Bendt AK, Godfrey KM, Lewis RM, Wenk MR, Chan S. Myo-inositol alters the effects of glucose, leptin and insulin on placental palmitic acid and oleic acid metabolism. J Physiol 2023; 601:4151-4169. [PMID: 37602663 PMCID: PMC10952252 DOI: 10.1113/jp285036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Well-regulated placental palmitic acid (PA) and oleic acid (OA) metabolism is vital for optimal placental function and fetal development, but dysregulation occurs with gestational diabetes (GDM). We hypothesized that such dysregulation might arise from increased maternofetal glucose, leptin or insulin concentrations present in GDM, and that dysregulated PA and OA lipid metabolism could be moderated by myo-inositol, a natural polyol and potential GDM intervention. Placental explants from 21 women were incubated with stable isotope-labelled 13 C-PA or 13 C-OA for 48 h. Explants were treated with glucose (5, 10 mm) or leptin (13 nm) or insulin (150 nm) in combination with myo-inositol (0.3, 30, 60 μm). Forty-seven 13 C-PA lipids and 37 13 C-OA lipids were measured by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LCMS). Compared with controls (5 mm glucose), glucose (10 mm) increased 19 13 C-OA lipids and nine 13 C-PA lipids, but decreased 13 C-OA phosphatidylethanolamine 38:5 and 13 C-PA phosphatidylethanolamine 36:4. The effects of leptin and insulin were less prominent than glucose, with leptin increasing 13 C-OA acylcarnitine 18:1, and insulin increasing four 13 C-PA triacylglycerides. Most glucose, leptin and insulin-induced alterations in lipids were attenuated by co-incubation with myo-inositol (30 or 60 μm), with attenuation also occurring in all subgroups stratified by GDM status and fetal sex. However, glucose-induced increases in acylcarnitine were not attenuated by myo-inositol and were even exaggerated in some instances. Myo-inositol therefore appears to generally act as a moderator, suppressing the perturbation of lipid metabolic processes by glucose, leptin and insulin in placenta in vitro. Whether myo-inositol protects the fetus and pregnancy from unfavourable outcomes requires further research. KEY POINTS: Incubation of placental explants with additional glucose, or to a lesser extent insulin or leptin, alters the placental production of 13 C-lipids from 13 C-palmitic acid (PA) and 13 C-oleic acid (OA) in vitro compared with untreated controls from the same placenta. Co-incubation with myo-inositol attenuated most alterations induced by glucose, insulin or leptin in 13 C-lipids, but did not affect alterations in 13 C-acylcarnitines. Alterations induced by glucose and leptin in 13 C-PA triacylglycerides and 13 C-PA phospholipids were influenced by fetal sex and gestational diabetes status, but were all still attenuated by myo-inositol co-incubation. Insulin differently affected 13 C-PA triacylglycerides and 13 C-PA phospholipids depending on fetal sex, with alterations also attenuated by myo-inositol co-incubation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver C. Watkins
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore
| | - Reshma Appukuttan Pillai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore
| | - Preben Selvam
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore
| | - Hannah E.J. Yong
- Singapore Institute for Clinical SciencesAgency for Science, Technology and ResearchSingapore
| | - Victoria K.B. Cracknell‐Hazra
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore
- Singapore Institute for Clinical SciencesAgency for Science, Technology and ResearchSingapore
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre and NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research CentreUniversity of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation TrustUK
| | - Neha Sharma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore
| | - Amaury Cazenave‐Gassiot
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine and Precision Medicine TRPNational University of SingaporeSingapore
- Singapore Lipidomics Incubator, Life Sciences InstituteNational University of SingaporeSingapore
| | - Anne K. Bendt
- Singapore Lipidomics Incubator, Life Sciences InstituteNational University of SingaporeSingapore
| | - Keith M. Godfrey
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre and NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research CentreUniversity of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation TrustUK
| | - Rohan M. Lewis
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre and NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research CentreUniversity of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation TrustUK
| | - Markus R. Wenk
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine and Precision Medicine TRPNational University of SingaporeSingapore
- Singapore Lipidomics Incubator, Life Sciences InstituteNational University of SingaporeSingapore
| | - Shiao‐Yng Chan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore
- Singapore Institute for Clinical SciencesAgency for Science, Technology and ResearchSingapore
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Nair S, Ormazabal V, Carrion F, Handberg A, McIntyre H, Salomon C. Extracellular vesicle-mediated targeting strategies for long-term health benefits in gestational diabetes. Clin Sci (Lond) 2023; 137:1311-1332. [PMID: 37650554 PMCID: PMC10472199 DOI: 10.1042/cs20220150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are critical mediators of cell communication, playing important roles in regulating molecular cross-talk between different metabolic tissues and influencing insulin sensitivity in both healthy and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) pregnancies. The ability of EVs to transfer molecular cargo between cells imbues them with potential as therapeutic agents. During pregnancy, the placenta assumes a vital role in metabolic regulation, with multiple mechanisms of placenta-mediated EV cross-talk serving as central components in GDM pathophysiology. This review focuses on the role of the placenta in the pathophysiology of GDM and explores the possibilities and prospects of targeting the placenta to address insulin resistance and placental dysfunction in GDM. Additionally, we propose the use of EVs as a novel method for targeted therapeutics in treating the dysfunctional placenta. The primary aim of this review is to comprehend the current status of EV targeting approaches and assess the potential application of these strategies in placental therapeutics, thereby delivering molecular cargo and improving maternal and fetal outcomes in GDM. We propose that EVs have the potential to revolutionize GDM management, offering hope for enhanced maternal-fetal health outcomes and more effective treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumyalekshmi Nair
- Translational Extracellular Vesicle in Obstetrics and Gynae-Oncology Group, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Australia
| | - Valeska Ormazabal
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Concepcion, Concepción, Chile
| | - Flavio Carrion
- Departamento de Investigación, Postgrado y Educación Continua (DIPEC), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Alba, Santiago, Chile
| | - Aase Handberg
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - H David McIntyre
- Mater Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Mater Health, South Brisbane, Australia
| | - Carlos Salomon
- Translational Extracellular Vesicle in Obstetrics and Gynae-Oncology Group, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Australia
- Departamento de Investigación, Postgrado y Educación Continua (DIPEC), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Alba, Santiago, Chile
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9
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Easton ZJW, Sarr O, Zhao L, Buzatto AZ, Luo X, Zhao S, Li L, Regnault TRH. An Integrated Multi-OMICS Approach Highlights Elevated Non-Esterified Fatty Acids Impact BeWo Trophoblast Metabolism and Lipid Processing. Metabolites 2023; 13:883. [PMID: 37623828 PMCID: PMC10456680 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13080883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Maternal obesity and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are linked with impaired placental function and early onset of non-communicable cardiometabolic diseases in offspring. Previous studies have highlighted that the dietary non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs) palmitate (PA) and oleate (OA), key dietary metabolites associated with maternal obesity and GDM, are potential modulators of placental lipid processing. Using the BeWo cell line model, the current study integrated transcriptomic (mRNA microarray), metabolomic, and lipidomic readouts to characterize the underlying impacts of exogenous PA and OA on placental villous trophoblast cell metabolism. Targeted gas chromatography and thin-layer chromatography highlighted that saturated and monounsaturated NEFAs differentially impact BeWo cell lipid profiles. Furthermore, cellular lipid profiles differed when exposed to single and multiple NEFA species. Additional multi-omic analyses suggested that PA exposure is associated with enrichment in β-oxidation pathways, while OA exposure is associated with enrichment in anti-inflammatory and antioxidant pathways. Overall, this study further demonstrated that dietary PA and OA are important regulators of placental lipid metabolism. Encouraging appropriate dietary advice and implementing dietary interventions to maintain appropriate placental function by limiting excessive exposure to saturated NEFAs remain crucial in managing at-risk obese and GDM pregnancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary J. W. Easton
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Western University, Medical Sciences Building Room 216, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada; (Z.J.W.E.); (O.S.); (L.Z.)
| | - Ousseynou Sarr
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Western University, Medical Sciences Building Room 216, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada; (Z.J.W.E.); (O.S.); (L.Z.)
| | - Lin Zhao
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Western University, Medical Sciences Building Room 216, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada; (Z.J.W.E.); (O.S.); (L.Z.)
| | - Adriana Zardini Buzatto
- The Metabolomics Innovation Centre (TMIC), University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada; (A.Z.B.); (X.L.); (S.Z.); (L.L.)
| | - Xian Luo
- The Metabolomics Innovation Centre (TMIC), University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada; (A.Z.B.); (X.L.); (S.Z.); (L.L.)
| | - Shuang Zhao
- The Metabolomics Innovation Centre (TMIC), University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada; (A.Z.B.); (X.L.); (S.Z.); (L.L.)
| | - Liang Li
- The Metabolomics Innovation Centre (TMIC), University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada; (A.Z.B.); (X.L.); (S.Z.); (L.L.)
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Timothy R. H. Regnault
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Western University, Medical Sciences Building Room 216, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada; (Z.J.W.E.); (O.S.); (L.Z.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Western University, B2-401 London Health Science Centre-Victoria Hospital, 800 Commissioners Rd E, London, ON N6H 5W9, Canada
- Children’s Health Research Institute, 800 Commissioners Rd E, London, ON N6C 2V5, Canada
- Lawson Health Research Institute, 750 Base Line Rd E, London, ON N6C 2R5, Canada
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10
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Luo SS, Zhu H, Huang HF, Ding GL. Sex differences in glycolipidic disorders after exposure to maternal hyperglycemia during early development. J Endocrinol Invest 2023:10.1007/s40618-023-02069-5. [PMID: 36976483 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-023-02069-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this review was to summarize sex differences in glycolipid metabolic phenotypes of human and animal models after exposure to maternal hyperglycemia and overview the underlying mechanisms, providing a new perspective on the maternal hyperglycemia-triggered risk of glycolipidic disorders in offspring. METHODS A comprehensive literature search within PubMed was performed. Selected publications related to studies on offspring exposed to maternal hyperglycemia investigating the sex differences of glycolipid metabolism were reviewed. RESULTS Maternal hyperglycemia increases the risk of glycolipid metabolic disorders in offspring, such as obesity, glucose intolerance and diabetes. Whether with or without intervention, metabolic phenotypes have been shown to exhibit sex differences between male and female offspring in response to maternal hyperglycemia, which may be related to gonadal hormones, organic intrinsic differences, placenta, and epigenetic modifications. CONCLUSION Sex may play a role in the different incidences and pathogenesis of abnormal glycolipid metabolism. More studies investigating both sexes are needed to understand how and why environmental conditions in early life affect long-term health between male and female individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- S-S Luo
- School of Medicine, The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - H Zhu
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Research Units of Embryo Original Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - H-F Huang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Research Units of Embryo Original Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - G-L Ding
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Research Units of Embryo Original Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China.
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11
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Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Small-for-Gestational-Age: An Insight into the Placental Molecular Biomarkers. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032240. [PMID: 36768564 PMCID: PMC9916826 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and small-for-gestational-age (SGA) are two metabolic-related diseases that could affect women during pregnancy. Considering that the chorionic villi (CVs) are crucial structures for the feto-maternal exchange, the alterations in their conformation have been linked to an imbalanced metabolic environment of placenta. In this study, a multidisciplinary approach has been carried out to describe the changes occurring in the placental CVs of GDM and SGA patients. The results revealed higher levels of superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD-1) and catalase (CAT), especially in the GDM placentae, which could be correlated with the hyperglycemic environment characteristic of this pathology. Furthermore, spectroscopy and histologic analyses revealed that both pathologies modify the placental lipid composition altering its structure. However, SGA induces lipid peroxidation and reduces collagen deposition within the CVs. Since the endocannabinoid system (ECS) is involved in placentation and different metabolic activities, the cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1) and transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1 (TRPV-1) were analyzed. No changes have been observed either at general or specific levels in the CVs comparing control and pathological samples, suggesting the non-involvement of the cannabinoid system in these two pathologies.
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12
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Kuentzel KB, Bradić I, Mihalič ZN, Korbelius M, Rainer S, Pirchheim A, Kargl J, Kratky D. Dysregulation of Placental Lipid Hydrolysis by High-Fat/High-Cholesterol Feeding and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:12286. [PMID: 36293139 PMCID: PMC9603336 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Advanced maternal age and obesity are the main risk factors to develop gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Obesity is a consequence of the increased storage of triacylglycerol (TG). Cytosolic and lysosomal lipid hydrolases break down TG and cholesteryl esters (CE) to release fatty acids (FA), free cholesterol, and glycerol. We have recently shown that intracellular lipases are present and active in the mouse placenta and that deficiency of lysosomal acid lipase alters placental and fetal lipid homeostasis. To date, intracellular lipid hydrolysis in GDM has been poorly studied despite the important role of FA in this condition. Therefore, we hypothesized that intracellular lipases are dysregulated in pregnancies complicated by maternal high-fat/high-cholesterol (HF/HCD) feeding with and without GDM. Placentae of HF/HCD-fed mice with and without GDM were more efficient, indicating increased nutrient transfer to the fetus. The increased activity of placental CE but not TG hydrolases in placentae of dams fed HF/HCD with or without GDM resulted in upregulated cholesterol export to the fetus and placental TG accumulation. Our results indicate that HF/HCD-induced dysregulation of placental lipid hydrolysis contributes to fetal hepatic lipid accumulation and possibly to fetal overgrowth, at least in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina B. Kuentzel
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Ivan Bradić
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Zala N. Mihalič
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Division of Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Melanie Korbelius
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Silvia Rainer
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Anita Pirchheim
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Julia Kargl
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Division of Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Dagmar Kratky
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
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13
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Watkins OC, Yong HEJ, Mah TKL, Cracknell-Hazra VKB, Pillai RA, Selvam P, Sharma N, Cazenave-Gassiot A, Bendt AK, Godfrey KM, Lewis RM, Wenk MR, Chan SY. Sex-Dependent Regulation of Placental Oleic Acid and Palmitic Acid Metabolism by Maternal Glycemia and Associations with Birthweight. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158685. [PMID: 35955818 PMCID: PMC9369035 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Pregnancy complications such as maternal hyperglycemia increase perinatal mortality and morbidity, but risks are higher in males than in females. We hypothesized that fetal sex-dependent differences in placental palmitic-acid (PA) and oleic-acid (OA) metabolism influence such risks. Placental explants (n = 22) were incubated with isotope-labeled fatty acids (13C-PA or 13C-OA) for 24 or 48 h and the production of forty-seven 13C-PA lipids and thirty-seven 13C-OA lipids quantified by LCMS. Linear regression was used to investigate associations between maternal glycemia, BMI and fetal sex with 13C lipids, and between 13C lipids and birthweight centile. Placental explants from females showed greater incorporation of 13C-OA and 13C-PA into almost all lipids compared to males. Fetal sex also influenced relationships with maternal glycemia, with many 13C-OA and 13C-PA acylcarnitines, 13C-PA-diacylglycerols and 13C-PA phospholipids positively associated with glycemia in females but not in males. In contrast, several 13C-OA triacylglycerols and 13C-OA phospholipids were negatively associated with glycemia in males but not in females. Birthweight centile in females was positively associated with six 13C-PA and three 13C-OA lipids (mainly acylcarnitines) and was negatively associated with eight 13C-OA lipids, while males showed few associations. Fetal sex thus influences placental lipid metabolism and could be a key modulator of the impact of maternal metabolic health on perinatal outcomes, potentially contributing toward sex-specific adaptions in which females prioritize survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver C. Watkins
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
| | - Hannah E. J. Yong
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 117609, Singapore
| | - Tania Ken Lin Mah
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 117609, Singapore
| | - Victoria K. B. Cracknell-Hazra
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 117609, Singapore
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Reshma Appukuttan Pillai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
| | - Preben Selvam
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
| | - Neha Sharma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
| | - Amaury Cazenave-Gassiot
- Department of Biochemistry and Precision Medicine TRP, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
- Singapore Lipidomics Incubator, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
| | - Anne K. Bendt
- Singapore Lipidomics Incubator, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
| | - Keith M. Godfrey
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Rohan M. Lewis
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
- Institute of Developmental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Markus R. Wenk
- Department of Biochemistry and Precision Medicine TRP, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
- Singapore Lipidomics Incubator, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
| | - Shiao-Yng Chan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 117609, Singapore
- Correspondence:
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