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Waswa EN, Ding SX, Wambua FM, Mkala EM, Mutinda ES, Odago WO, Amenu SG, Muthui SW, Linda EL, Katumo DM, Waema CM, Yang JX, Hu GW. The genus Actinidia Lindl. (Actinidiaceae): A comprehensive review on its ethnobotany, phytochemistry, and pharmacological properties. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 319:117222. [PMID: 37793579 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Actinidia Lindl. belongs to the family Actinidiaceae. Plants of this genus are popularly known as kiwifruits and are traditionally used to treat a wide range of ailments associated with digestive disorders, rheumatism, kidney problems, cardiovascular system, cancers, dyspepsia, hemorrhoids, and diabetes among others. AIM This review discusses the ethnobotanical uses, phytochemical profile, and known pharmacological properties of Actinidia plants, to understand their connotations and provide the scientific basis for future studies. MATERIALS AND METHODS The data were obtained by surveying journal articles, books, and dissertations using various search engines such as Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct, Springer Link, and Web of Science. The online databases; World Flora Online, Plants of the World Online, International Plant Names Index, and Global Biodiversity Information Facility were used to confirm the distribution and validate scientific names of Actinidia plants. The isolated metabolites from these species were illustrated using ChemBio Draw ultra-version 14.0 software. RESULTS Ten (10) species of Actinidia genus have been reported as significant sources of traditional medicines utilized to remedy diverse illnesses. Our findings revealed that a total of 873 secondary metabolites belonging to different classes such as terpenoids, phenolic compounds, alcohols, ketones, organic acids, esters, hydrocarbons, and steroids have been isolated from different species of Actinidia. These compounds were mainly related to the exhibited antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antiproliferative, anti-angiogenic, anticinoceptive, anti-tumor, and anticancer activities. CONCLUSION This study assessed the information related to the ethnobotanical uses, phytochemical compounds, and pharmacological properties of Actinidia species, which indicate that they possess diverse bioactive metabolites with interesting bioactivities. Actinidia plants have great potential for applications in folklore medicines and pharmaceuticals due to their wide ethnomedicinal uses and biological activities. Traditional uses of several Actinidia species are supported by scientific evidences, qualifying them as possible modern remedies for various ailments. Nonetheless, the currently available data has several gaps in understanding the herbal utilization of most Actinidia species. Thus, further research into their toxicity, mechanisms of actions of the isolated bioactive metabolites, as well as scientific connotations between the traditional medicinal uses and pharmacological properties is required to unravel their efficacy in therapeutic potential for safe clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Nyongesa Waswa
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shi-Xiong Ding
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Felix Muema Wambua
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Elijah Mbandi Mkala
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Elizabeth Syowai Mutinda
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Wyclif Ochieng Odago
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Sara Getachew Amenu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Samuel Wamburu Muthui
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Elive Limunga Linda
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China; Hubei University, Wuhan, 430011, China
| | | | | | - Jia-Xin Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Guang-Wan Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China; Hubei Jiangxia Laboratory, Wuhan, 430200, China.
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Chen M, Chen X, Wang K, Cai L, Liu N, Zhou D, Jia W, Gong P, Liu N, Sun Y. Effects of kiwi fruit ( Actinidia chinensis) polysaccharides on metabolites and gut microbiota of acrylamide-induced mice. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1080825. [PMID: 36814509 PMCID: PMC9939636 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1080825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis) has rich nutritious and medicinal properties. It is widely consumed worldwide for the intervention of metabolism disorders, however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Acrylamide, a well-known toxic ingredient, mainly forms in high-temperature processed carbohydrate-rich food and causes disorders of gut microbiota and systemic metabolism. Methods This study explored the protective effects and underlying mechanisms of kiwifruit polysaccharides against acrylamide-induced disorders of gut microbiota and systemic metabolism by measuring the changes of gut microbiota and serum metabolites in mice. Results The results showed that kiwifruit polysaccharides remarkably alleviated acrylamide-induced toxicity in mice by improving their body features, histopathologic morphology of the liver, and decreased activities of liver function enzymes. Furthermore, the treatment restored the healthy gut microbiota of mice by improving the microbial diversity and abundance of beneficial bacteria such as Lactobacillus. Metabolomics analysis revealed the positive effects of kiwifruit polysaccharides mainly occurred through amino and bile acid-related metabolism pathways including nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism, primary bile acid biosynthesis, and alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism. Additionally, correlation analysis indicated that Lactobacillus exhibited a highly significant correlation with critical metabolites of bile acid metabolism. Discussion Concisely, kiwifruit polysaccharides may protect against acrylamide-induced toxicity by regulating gut microbiota and metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyin Chen
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, China
| | - Xuefeng Chen
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, China,*Correspondence: Xuefeng Chen ✉
| | - Ketang Wang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, China
| | - Luyang Cai
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, China
| | - Nannan Liu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Weinan Normal University, Weinan, China
| | - Duan Zhou
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, China
| | - Wei Jia
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, China
| | - Pin Gong
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, China
| | - Ning Liu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, China
| | - Yujiao Sun
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, China,Yujiao Sun ✉
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Koletti AE, Kontogiannopoulos KN, Gardikis K, Letsiou S, Papageorgiou VP, Assimopoulou AN. Nanostructured lipid carriers of alkannins and shikonins: Experimental design, characterization and bioactivity studies. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Yang Z, Hu Y, Yue P, Luo H, Li Q, Li H, Zhang Z, Peng F. Physicochemical Properties and Skin Protection Activities of Polysaccharides from Usnea longissima by Graded Ethanol Precipitation. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:25010-25018. [PMID: 34604681 PMCID: PMC8482769 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c04163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Four Usnea longissima polysaccharides (ULPs; ULP15, ULP30, ULP50, and ULP70) were obtained from the lichen U. longissima via water extraction and graded ethanol precipitation. The obtained ULPs were all heteropolysaccharides with a few proteins, with which glucose was the major monosaccharide composition. With the increase in the precipitated ethanol concentrations, the content of galactose, xylose, and mannose increased, whereas that of glucose decreased. Moreover, the antioxidant activity test demonstrated that ULP15 exhibited better reducing power and stronger scavenging ability on 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and hydroxyl free radicals. Importantly, ULP15 also had a better proliferative effect on human HaCaT keratinocytes and dermal fibroblasts. Meanwhile, ULP15 protected HaCaT keratinocytes from UVB-induced proliferation inhibition and exhibited tyrosinase inhibition activity. Therefore, this work provides interesting insight into the preparation of cosmetic ingredients using the polysaccharide ULP15.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziying Yang
- Beijing
Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yajie Hu
- Beijing
Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Panpan Yue
- Beijing
Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Hongdan Luo
- Department
of Dermatology, Zunyi Hospital of Traditional
Chinese Medicine, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China
| | - Qisui Li
- Meteorological
Bureau of Meishan City, Meishan, Sichuan 620010, China
| | - Huiling Li
- JALA
Research Center, JALA Group Co. Ltd., Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Zhang Zhang
- JALA
Research Center, JALA Group Co. Ltd., Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Feng Peng
- Beijing
Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
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Exploring the Protective Effects of Phaeodactylum tricornutum Extract on LPS-Treated Fibroblasts. COSMETICS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/cosmetics8030076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Microalgal extracts are an important source of bioactive compounds with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties that can be used in cosmetics. The microalgae Phaeodactylum tricornutum (PT) is known for its high content of omega-3 fatty acids, which are known to attenuate inflammation. Here, we explore the effects of aqueous microencapsulated extract of PT on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDF) to underline its application as an active ingredient in cosmetics. Methods: We assessed cell viability using MTT assay, so as to target any potential cytotoxicity of the extract. Moreover, with the aid of RT-qPCR, we studied the transcript accumulation of genes involved in cell antioxidant response, cell proliferation, and inflammation. Results: Our results revealed that the hydrolyzed rice flour-encapsulated (HRF) PT extract promotes anti-inflammatory and antioxidant response, increasing cell proliferation in NHDF cells. Conclusions: Our data indicate a promising use of HRF-encapsulated PT extract in cosmetics by reducing skin inflammation.
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The pleiotropic effects of Prunus avium L. extract against oxidative stress on human fibroblasts. An in vitro approach. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:4441-4448. [PMID: 34100152 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06464-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
There is a persistent interest in innovative and multifunctional ingredients in biology research. With regards to this, natural sources have an important role due to their multiple benefits. Thus, this study aims to present the pleiotropic activity of Prunus avium L. extract on human primary fibroblasts for proving its efficacy in dermis-related processes. We focused on the safety and efficacy assessments based on cytotoxicity and gene expression analysis under oxidative stress. Specifically, Prunus avium L. extract was proved non-cytotoxic in human fibroblasts. The gene expression analysis unveiled that this extract has in vitro protective properties on human dermal fibroblasts under oxidative stress related to antioxidant activity, anti-inflammatory response, cell proliferation and cell- aging. Our study demonstrated for the very first time that the Prunus avium L. extract is a multifunctional ingredient as it mediates several human dermis-related in vitro processes highlighting its potential to be used as an active ingredient in skin care products.
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Spanidi E, Karapetsas A, Voulgaridou GP, Letsiou S, Aligiannis N, Tsochantaridis I, Kynigopoulos S, Lambropoulou M, Mourtzinos I, Pappa A, Gardikis K. A New Controlled Release System for Propolis Polyphenols and Its Biochemical Activity for Skin Applications. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10020420. [PMID: 33672417 PMCID: PMC7927051 DOI: 10.3390/plants10020420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Propolis is a resinous substance produced by bees that exhibits antimicrobial, immunostimulatory and antioxidant activity. Its use is common in functional foods, cosmetics and traditional medicine despite the fact that it demonstrates low extraction yields and inconsistency in non-toxic solvents. In this work, a new encapsulation and delivery system consisting of liposomes and cyclodextrins incorporating propolis polyphenols has been developed and characterized. The antioxidant, antimutagenic and antiaging properties of the system under normal and UVB-induced oxidative stress conditions were investigated in cultured skin cells and/or reconstituted skin model. Furthermore, the transcript accumulation for an array of genes involved in many skin-related processes was studied. The system exhibits significant polyphenol encapsulation efficiency, physicochemical stability as well as controlled release rate in appropriate conditions. The delivery system can retain the anti-mutagenic, anti-oxidative and anti-ageing effects of propolis polyphenols to levels similar and comparable to those of propolis methanolic extracts, making the system ideal for applications where non-toxic solvents are required and controlled release of the polyphenol content is desired.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Spanidi
- Research and Development Department, APIVITA SA, Industrial Park Markopoulo Mesogaias, 19003 Athens, Greece; (E.S.); (S.L.)
| | - Athanasios Karapetsas
- Department of Molecular Biology & Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (A.K.); (G.-P.V.); (I.T.); (A.P.)
| | - Georgia-Persephoni Voulgaridou
- Department of Molecular Biology & Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (A.K.); (G.-P.V.); (I.T.); (A.P.)
| | - Sophia Letsiou
- Research and Development Department, APIVITA SA, Industrial Park Markopoulo Mesogaias, 19003 Athens, Greece; (E.S.); (S.L.)
| | - Nektarios Aligiannis
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 11527 Athens, Greece;
| | - Ilias Tsochantaridis
- Department of Molecular Biology & Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (A.K.); (G.-P.V.); (I.T.); (A.P.)
| | - Spyridon Kynigopoulos
- Laboratory of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (S.K.); (M.L.)
| | - Maria Lambropoulou
- Laboratory of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (S.K.); (M.L.)
| | - Ioannis Mourtzinos
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Aglaia Pappa
- Department of Molecular Biology & Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (A.K.); (G.-P.V.); (I.T.); (A.P.)
| | - Konstantinos Gardikis
- Research and Development Department, APIVITA SA, Industrial Park Markopoulo Mesogaias, 19003 Athens, Greece; (E.S.); (S.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-6974899959
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Letsiou S, Bakea A, Holefors A, Rembiesa J. In vitro protective effects of Paeonia mascula subsp. hellenica callus extract on human keratinocytes. Sci Rep 2020; 10:19213. [PMID: 33154501 PMCID: PMC7645794 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-76169-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural ingredients have been used to improve the state of health in humans. The genus Paeonia has been studied only limited yet it’s reported to have many activities such as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory. To this context, here we focused on an endemic Paeonia species in Attica. This study aims to present the development of the Paeonia mascula subsp. hellenica callus extract and its pleiotropic bioactivity on human primary keratinocytes exploring its potential application as an active agent in skin-related products. This extract showed a high scavenging activity with high phenolic content and an interesting metabolic profile. At a molecular level, the study on the transcript accumulation of genes revealed that this extract exhibits in vitro skin-related protection properties by mediating mitochondrial energy, cell proliferation, immune and inflammatory response and positively regulates genes involved in epidermal and in stratum corneum function. Besides, the extract is proven not skin irritant on reconstructed human skin model. These findings indicate that the specific P. mascula subsp. hellenica extract possesses significant in vitro protection activity on human epidermis and provides new insights into its beneficial role in skin confirming that the advent of biotechnology contribution the past few decades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Letsiou
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Research and Development Department, APIVITA S.A., Industrial Park of Markopoulo Mesogaias, Markopoulo Attiki, 19003, Athens, Greece.
| | - Artemis Bakea
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Research and Development Department, APIVITA S.A., Industrial Park of Markopoulo Mesogaias, Markopoulo Attiki, 19003, Athens, Greece
| | - Anna Holefors
- In Vitro Plant-Tech AB, Geijersg 4B, 21618, Limhamn, Sweden
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Chen ZY, Chen SH, Chen CH, Chou PY, Yang CC, Lin FH. Polysaccharide Extracted from Bletilla striata Promotes Proliferation and Migration of Human Tenocytes. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12112567. [PMID: 33139654 PMCID: PMC7694129 DOI: 10.3390/polym12112567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Tendon healing after injury is relatively slow, mainly because of the weak activity and metabolic properties of tendon cells (tenocytes). Bletilla striata polysaccharide (BSP) has been reported to enhance cell proliferation. Here, we aimed to increase tendon cell proliferation by BSP treatment. We isolated tenocytes from the flexor tendon of human origin. Moreover, we improved the process of extracting BSP. When human tenocytes (HTs) were treated with 100 μg/mL BSP, the MEK/ERK1/2 and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways were activated, thereby enhancing the proliferation ability of tenocytes. BSP treatment also increased the migration of HTs and their ability to secrete the extracellular matrix (Col-I and Col-III). In conclusion, BSP was successfully extracted from a natural Chinese herbal extract and was shown to enhance tenocytes proliferation, migration and collagen release ability. This study is the first to demonstrate improved healing of tendons using BSP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Yu Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan; (Z.-Y.C.); (S.-H.C.)
| | - Shih-Heng Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan; (Z.-Y.C.); (S.-H.C.)
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University and Medical College, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (C.-H.C.); (P.-Y.C.)
| | - Chih-Hao Chen
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University and Medical College, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (C.-H.C.); (P.-Y.C.)
| | - Pang-Yun Chou
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University and Medical College, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (C.-H.C.); (P.-Y.C.)
| | - Chun-Chen Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan;
| | - Feng-Huei Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan; (Z.-Y.C.); (S.-H.C.)
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 350, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-928260400
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Transcriptional and epigenetic effects of Vitis vinifera L. leaf extract on UV-stressed human dermal fibroblasts. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:5763-5772. [PMID: 32666439 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05645-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Adverse environmental conditions such as UV radiation induce oxidative and aging events leading to severe damage to human skin cells. Natural products such as plant extracts have been implicated in the skin anti-oxidant and anti-aging cellular protection against environmental stress. Moreover, environmental factors have been shown to impact chromatin structure leading to altered gene expression programs with profound changes in cellular functions. In this study, we assessed the in vitro effect of a leaf extract from Vitis vinifera L. on UV-stressed primary human dermal fibroblasts, focusing on gene expression and DNA methylation as an epigenetic factor. Expression analysis of two genes known to be implicated in skin anti-aging, SIRT1and HSP4, demonstrated significant induction in the presence of the extract under normal or UVA conditions. In addition, DNA methylation profiling of SIRT1 and HSP47 promoters showed that the V. vinifera L. extract induced changes in the DNA methylation pattern of both genes that may be associated with SIRT1 and HSP47 gene expression. Our study shows for the first time transcriptional and DNA methylation alterations on human skin fibroblasts exposed to UV stress and suggest a protective effect of a V. vinifera extract possibly through transcriptional regulation of critical skin anti-aging genes.
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In Vitro and In Vivo Study on Humans of Natural Compound Synergy as a Multifunctional Approach to Cellulite-Derived Skin Imperfections. COSMETICS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/cosmetics7020048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The present study aimed to assess the efficacy of a nutraceutical ingredient, SelectSIEVE® Rainbow, based on botanical extracts, in ameliorating cellulite-derived skin imperfections and microcirculation. The nutritional supplement contained a mixture of Oryza sativa (L.), Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck, Ananas comosus (L.) Merr, and Actinidia chinensis Planch; all ingredients were botanicals that can be used in food supplements. Results: In vitro studies showed the high capacity of the supplement to have an anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and hypolipidemic effect, accompanied by an interesting proteolytic activity. The randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial, carried out on 60 women during an 8-week treatment period, confirmed the in vitro study results. SelectSIEVE® Rainbow showed a whole-body shaping activity, with a reduction of the waist, hip, and tight circumference of 0.8, 0.65 and 0.72 cm, respectively. It also showed a reduction of subcutaneous fat mass of 1.24 mm and body weight, with an average of 0.7 kg and positive peaks of −2.9 kg. Skin health and appearance were also improved: +5.4% skin elasticity, +5.5% skin tonicity and +5.7% skin draining. Finally, the dermatological evaluation of the cellulite score and microcirculation showed an improvement in 57% and 60% of the subjects enrolled in the studies. Conclusions: This first study provides interesting inputs on the effectiveness of the nutraceutical complex standardized in polyphenols, anthocyanins and proteolytic enzymes to counteract cellulite blemishes and improve local microcirculation. The positive response encourages deeper studies and further investigation.
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Letsiou S, Bakea A, Le Goff G, Lopes P, Gardikis Κ, Alonso C, Álvarez PA, Ouazzani J. In vitro protective effects of marine-derived Aspergillus puulaauensis TM124-S4 extract on H 2O 2-stressed primary human fibroblasts. Toxicol In Vitro 2020; 66:104869. [PMID: 32320759 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2020.104869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Nowadays, there is a huge interest in natural products obtained from marine organisms that can promote human health.The aim of the present study is to evaluate for the first time, the in vitro effects of marine Aspergillus puulaauensis TM124-S4 extract against oxidative stress in human fibroblasts, and its potential as a cosmetic ingredient. The strain was isolated from the Mediterranean Sea star, Echinaster sepositus, and identified according to ITS molecular sequence homology as a member of Aspergillus section versicolores.To gain insight on the bioactivity underpinning the effects of TM124-S4 extract on oxidative stress, we examined a panel of a hundred genes as well as cell viability. Initially, Aspergillus puulaauensis TM124-S4 promoted cell viability.The change in gene transcripts revealed that Aspergillus puulaauensis TM124-S4 extracts exhibited skin protection properties by mediating cell proliferation (EPS8, GDF15, CASP7, VEGFA), antioxidant response (CAT, SOD1, TXN, GPX1), skin hydration (CD44, CRABP2, SERPINE) and DNA repair (PCNA, P21). The extract also modulated the expression of genes involved in skin pigmentation and aging (TYR, FOXO3).These findings indicate that Aspergillus puulaauensis TM124-S4 extract possesses significant in-vitro skin protection activity against induced oxidative stress.Furthermore, new insights are provided into the beneficial role of fungal bioactive compounds in skin related research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Letsiou
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Research and Development department, APIVITA S.A., Industrial Park of Markopoulo Mesogaias, 19003 Markopoulo Attiki, Athens, Greece.
| | - Artemis Bakea
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Research and Development department, APIVITA S.A., Industrial Park of Markopoulo Mesogaias, 19003 Markopoulo Attiki, Athens, Greece
| | - Géraldine Le Goff
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles ICSN, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique CNRS, Avenue de la Terrasse 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Philippe Lopes
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles ICSN, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique CNRS, Avenue de la Terrasse 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Κonstantinos Gardikis
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Research and Development department, APIVITA S.A., Industrial Park of Markopoulo Mesogaias, 19003 Markopoulo Attiki, Athens, Greece
| | | | | | - Jamal Ouazzani
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles ICSN, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique CNRS, Avenue de la Terrasse 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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13
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Mohan K, Muralisankar T, Uthayakumar V, Chandirasekar R, Revathi N, Ramu Ganesan A, Velmurugan K, Sathishkumar P, Jayakumar R, Seedevi P. Trends in the extraction, purification, characterisation and biological activities of polysaccharides from tropical and sub-tropical fruits - A comprehensive review. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 238:116185. [PMID: 32299552 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Tropical and sub-tropical fruits are tremendous sources of polysaccharides (PSs), which are of great interest in the human welfare system as natural medicines, food and cosmetics. This review paper aims to highlight the recent trends in extraction (conventional and non-conventional), purification and analytic techniques of fruit polysaccharides (FPSs). The chemical structure and biological activities, such as immunomodulatory, anti-cancer, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-viral, anti-coagulant and anti-diabetic effects, of PSs extracted from 53 various fruits were compared and discussed. With this wide coverage, a total of 172 scientific articles were reviewed and discussed. This comprehensive survey from previous studies suggests that the FPSs are non-toxic and highly biocompatible. In addition, this review highlights that FPSs might be excellent functional foods as well as effective therapeutic drugs. Finally, the future research advances of FPSs are also described. The content of this review will promote human wellness-based food product development in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kannan Mohan
- PG and Research Department of Zoology, Sri Vasavi College, Erode, Tamil Nadu, 638 316, India.
| | - Thirunavukkarasu Muralisankar
- Aquatic Ecology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641 046, India
| | | | | | - Nagarajan Revathi
- PG and Research Department of Zoology, Sri Vasavi College, Erode, Tamil Nadu, 638 316, India
| | - Abirami Ramu Ganesan
- School of Applied Sciences, College of Engineering, Science and Technology (CEST), Fiji National University, 5529, Fiji
| | - Kalamani Velmurugan
- Department of Zoology, Kongunadu Arts and Science College, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641029, India
| | - Palanivel Sathishkumar
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Rajarajeswaran Jayakumar
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Palaniappan Seedevi
- Department of Environmental Science, Periyar University, Salem, Tamil Nadu, 636011, India
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14
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Letsiou S, Félix RC, Cardoso JCR, Anjos L, Mestre AL, Gomes HL, Power DM. Cartilage acidic protein 1 promotes increased cell viability, cell proliferation and energy metabolism in primary human dermal fibroblasts. Biochimie 2020; 171-172:72-78. [PMID: 32084494 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2020.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Cartilage acidic protein 1 (CRTAC1) is an extracellular matrix protein of human chondrogenic tissue that is also present in other vertebrates, non-vertebrate eukaryotes and in some prokaryotes. The function of CRTAC1 remains unknown but the protein's structure indicates a role in cell-cell or cell-matrix interactions and calcium-binding. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the in vitro effects of hCRTAC1-A on normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDF). A battery of in vitro assays (biochemical and PCR), immunofluorescence and a biosensor approach were used to characterize the protein's biological activities on NHDF cells in a scratch assay. Gene expression analysis revealed that hCRTAC1-A protein is associated with altered levels of expression for genes involved in the processes of cell proliferation (CXCL12 and NOS2), cell migration (AQP3 and TNC), and extracellular matrix-ECM regeneration and remodeling (FMOD, TIMP1, FN1) indicating a role for hCRTAC1-A in promoting these activities in a scratch assay. In parallel, the candidate processes identified by differential gene transcription were substantiated and extended using Electric cell-substrate impedance sensing (ECIS) technology, immunofluorescence and cell viability assays. Our findings indicate that hCRTAC1-A stimulated cell proliferation, migration and ECM production in primary human fibroblasts in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Letsiou
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Scientific Affairs, APIVITA SA, Industrial Park of Markopoulo Mesogaias, 19003, Markopoulo Attikis, Athens, Greece.
| | - Rute C Félix
- Comparative Endocrinology and Integrative Biology Group (CEIB), Centro de Ciências Do Mar (CCMAR), Universidade Do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
| | - João C R Cardoso
- Comparative Endocrinology and Integrative Biology Group (CEIB), Centro de Ciências Do Mar (CCMAR), Universidade Do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
| | - Liliana Anjos
- Comparative Endocrinology and Integrative Biology Group (CEIB), Centro de Ciências Do Mar (CCMAR), Universidade Do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
| | - Ana L Mestre
- Universidade Do Algarve, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal; Instituto de Telecomunicações, Avenida Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Henrique L Gomes
- Universidade Do Algarve, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal; Instituto de Telecomunicações, Avenida Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Deborah M Power
- Comparative Endocrinology and Integrative Biology Group (CEIB), Centro de Ciências Do Mar (CCMAR), Universidade Do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal; Universidade Do Algarve, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal.
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15
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Abstract
Fruits come in a wide variety of colors, shapes, and flavors. This chapter will cover selected fruits that are known to be healthy and highly nutritious. These fruits were chosen due to their common usage and availability. Since it is not possible to cover all health benefits or essential nutrients and important phytochemicals of the fruit composition, this chapter will focus on the key valuable constituents and their potential health effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sawsan G Mohammed
- Qatar Research Leadership Program (QRLP), Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar.
| | - M Walid Qoronfleh
- Research & Policy Department, World Innovation Summit for Health (WISH), Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar.
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16
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Chen Y, Li X, Gan X, Qi J, Che B, Tai M, Gao S, Zhao W, Xu N, Hu Z. Fucoidan from Undaria pinnatifida Ameliorates Epidermal Barrier Disruption via Keratinocyte Differentiation and CaSR Level Regulation. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:E660. [PMID: 31771286 PMCID: PMC6950751 DOI: 10.3390/md17120660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The epidermal barrier acts as a line of defense against external agents as well as helps to maintain body homeostasis. The calcium concentration gradient across the epidermal barrier is closely related to the proliferation and differentiation of keratinocytes (KCs), and the regulation of these two processes is the key to the repair of epidermal barrier disruption. In the present study, we found that fucoidan from Undaria pinnatifida (UPF) could promote the repair of epidermal barrier disruption in mice. The mechanistic study demonstrated that UPF could promote HaCaT cell differentiation under low calcium condition by up-regulating the expression of calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR), which could then lead to the activation of the Catenin/PLCγ1 pathway. Further, UPF could increase the expression of CaSR through activate the ERK and p38 pathway. These findings reveal the molecular mechanism of UPF in the repair of the epidermal barrier and provide a basis for the development of UPF into an agent for the repair of epidermal barrier repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Chen
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China; (Y.C.); (J.Q.)
| | - Xuenan Li
- Institute of Life Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China; (X.L.); (S.G.); (W.Z.)
| | - Xiaoshuang Gan
- Infinitus (China) Company Ltd, Guangzhou 510000, China; (X.G.); (B.C.); (M.T.)
| | - Junmei Qi
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China; (Y.C.); (J.Q.)
| | - Biao Che
- Infinitus (China) Company Ltd, Guangzhou 510000, China; (X.G.); (B.C.); (M.T.)
| | - Meiling Tai
- Infinitus (China) Company Ltd, Guangzhou 510000, China; (X.G.); (B.C.); (M.T.)
| | - Shuang Gao
- Institute of Life Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China; (X.L.); (S.G.); (W.Z.)
| | - Wengang Zhao
- Institute of Life Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China; (X.L.); (S.G.); (W.Z.)
| | - Nuo Xu
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China; (Y.C.); (J.Q.)
| | - Zhenlin Hu
- Institute of Life Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China; (X.L.); (S.G.); (W.Z.)
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17
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He X, Fang J, Chen X, Zhao Z, Li Y, Meng Y, Huang L. Actinidia chinensis Planch.: A Review of Chemistry and Pharmacology. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:1236. [PMID: 31736750 PMCID: PMC6833939 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Actinidia chinensis Planch. (A. chinensis), commonly known as Chinese kiwifruit, is a China native fruit, which becomes increasingly popular due to attractive economic, nutritional, and health benefits properties. The whole plant including fruits, leaves, vines, and roots of A. chinensis are used mainly as food or additive in food products and as folk medicine in China. It is a good source of triterpenoids, polyphenols, vitamin C, carbohydrate, amino acid, and minerals. These constituents render the A. chinensis with a wide range of pharmacological properties including antitumor, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunoregulatory, hypolipemic, antidiabetic, and cardiovascular protective activities, suggesting that it may possibly be value in the prevention and treatment of pathologies associated to cancer, oxidative stress, and aging. This minireview provides a brief knowledge about the recent advances in chemistry, biological activities, utilization, and storage of Chinese kiwifruit. Future research directions on how to better use of this crop are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xirui He
- Department of Bioengineering, Zhuhai Campus Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Jiacheng Fang
- The College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xufei Chen
- The College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zefeng Zhao
- The College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yongsheng Li
- Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yibing Meng
- Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Linhong Huang
- Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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18
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Kheirkhah H, Baroutian S, Quek SY. Evaluation of bioactive compounds extracted from Hayward kiwifruit pomace by subcritical water extraction. FOOD AND BIOPRODUCTS PROCESSING 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbp.2019.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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19
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Spilioti E, Vargiami M, Letsiou S, Gardikis K, Sygouni V, Koutsoukos P, Chinou I, Kassi E, Moutsatsou P. Biological properties of mud extracts derived from various spa resorts. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2017; 39:821-833. [PMID: 27443881 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-016-9852-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Spa resorts are known for thousands of years for their healing properties and have been empirically used for the treatment of many inflammatory conditions. Mud is one of the most often used natural materials for preventive, healing and cosmetic reasons and although it has been used since the antiquity, little light has been shed on its physical, chemical and biological properties. In this study we examined the effect of mud extracts on the expression of adhesion molecules (CAMs) by endothelial cells as well as their effects on monocyte adhesion to activated endothelial cells. Most of mud extracts inhibited the expression of VCAM-1 by endothelial cells and reduced monocyte adhesion to activated endothelial cells, indicating a potent anti-inflammatory activity. Furthermore, the mud extracts were tested for their antimicrobial activity; however, most of them appeared inactive against S. aureus and S. epidermidis. One of the mud extracts (showing the best stabilization features) increased significantly the expression of genes involved in cell protection, longevity and hydration of human keratinocytes, such as, collagen 6A1, forkhead box O3, sirtuin-1, superoxide dismutase 1 and aquaporin-3. The present study reveals that mud exerts important beneficial effects including anti-inflammatory and anti-aging activity as well as moisturizing effects, implicating important cosmeceutical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliana Spilioti
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, M. Asias 75, 11527, Athens, Greece
| | - Margarita Vargiami
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, M. Asias 75, 11527, Athens, Greece
| | - Sophia Letsiou
- Scientific Affairs Department, APIVITA SA, Industrial Park of Markopoulo Mesogaias, 19003, Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Gardikis
- Scientific Affairs Department, APIVITA SA, Industrial Park of Markopoulo Mesogaias, 19003, Athens, Greece
| | - Varvara Sygouni
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras and FORTH-ICEHT Patras, 26504, Patras, Greece
| | - Petros Koutsoukos
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras and FORTH-ICEHT Patras, 26504, Patras, Greece
| | - Ioanna Chinou
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy and Chemistry of Natural Products, Department of Pharmacy, University of Athens, Panepistimioupolis, 15771, Athens, Greece
| | - Eva Kassi
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, M. Asias 75, 11527, Athens, Greece
| | - Paraskevi Moutsatsou
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, M. Asias 75, 11527, Athens, Greece.
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Medical School, University Hospital "Attiko", National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 1 Rimini, Chaidari, 12462, Athens, Greece.
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20
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Govindarajan D, Duraipandy N, Srivatsan KV, Lakra R, Korapatti PS, Jayavel R, Kiran MS. Fabrication of Hybrid Collagen Aerogels Reinforced with Wheat Grass Bioactives as Instructive Scaffolds for Collagen Turnover and Angiogenesis for Wound Healing Applications. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:16939-16950. [PMID: 28467041 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b05842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The present study illustrates the progress of the wheat grass bioactive-reinforced collagen-based aerogel system as an instructive scaffold for collagen turnover and angiogenesis for wound healing applications. The reinforcement of wheat grass bioactives in collagen resulted in the design and development of aerogels with enhanced physicochemical and biomechanical properties due to the intermolecular interaction between the active growth factors of wheat grass and collagen fibril. Differential scanning calorimetry analysis revealed an enhanced denaturation temperature when compared to those of native collagen aerogels. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis confirmed that the reinforcement of bioactives in the wheat grass did not affect the structural integrity of the collagen molecule. Additionally, the reinforced biomaterial with a systematic absorptive morphology resulted in a three-dimensional (3D) sponge-like aerogel exhibiting a potent highly oriented 3D structural assembly that showed increased water retention ability and substance permeability that would enable the passage of nutrients and gaseous components for cellular growth. Furthermore, the cumulative effect of the growth factors in wheat grass and the collagen molecule augments the angiogenic ability and collagen production of the aerogel by restoration of the damaged tissue thereby making it a potential 3D wound dressing scaffold. The results were confirmed by in vivo wound healing assays. This study shows the possibility for progress of a biocompatible, biodegradable, and nonadhesive nutraceutical-reinforced collagen aerogel as an instructive scaffold with good antimicrobial properties for collagen turnover and angiogenic response for wound healing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Ramasamy Jayavel
- Centre for Research, Anna University , Chennai 600025, Tamil Nadu, India
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21
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Zahid A, Despres J, Benard M, Nguema-Ona E, Leprince J, Vaudry D, Rihouey C, Vicré-Gibouin M, Driouich A, Follet-Gueye ML. Arabinogalactan Proteins From Baobab and Acacia Seeds Influence Innate Immunity of Human Keratinocytes In Vitro. J Cell Physiol 2017; 232:2558-2568. [PMID: 27736003 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Plant derived arabinogalactan proteins (AGP) were repeatedly confirmed as immunologically as well as dermatologically active compounds. However, little is currently known regarding their potential activity toward skin innate immunity. Here, we extracted and purified AGP from acacia (Acacia senegal) and baobab (Adansonia digitata) seeds to investigate their biological effects on the HaCaT keratinocyte cell line in an in vitro system. While AGP from both sources did not exhibit any cytotoxic effect, AGP from acacia seeds enhanced cell viability. Moreover, real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis showed that AGP extracted from both species induced a substantial overexpression of hBD-2, TLR-5, and IL1-α genes. These data suggest that plant AGP, already known to control plant defensive processes, could also modulate skin innate immune responses. J. Cell. Physiol. 232: 2558-2568, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abderrakib Zahid
- Laboratoire Glycobiologie et Matrice Extracellulaire Végétale, Normandie Université, UNIROUEN, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Végétal, Agronomie, Sol, et Innovation (VASI), GDR CNRS 3711 COSM'ACTIFS, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Julie Despres
- Laboratoire Glycobiologie et Matrice Extracellulaire Végétale, Normandie Université, UNIROUEN, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Végétal, Agronomie, Sol, et Innovation (VASI), GDR CNRS 3711 COSM'ACTIFS, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France.,BioEurope, Groupe SOLABIA, Anet, France
| | - Magalie Benard
- Cell Imaging Platform (PRIMACEN-IRIB), Normandie Université, UNIROUEN, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Eric Nguema-Ona
- Laboratoire Glycobiologie et Matrice Extracellulaire Végétale, Normandie Université, UNIROUEN, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Végétal, Agronomie, Sol, et Innovation (VASI), GDR CNRS 3711 COSM'ACTIFS, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Jerome Leprince
- Cell Imaging Platform (PRIMACEN-IRIB), Normandie Université, UNIROUEN, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France.,Laboratoire de Différenciation et Communication Neuronale et Neuroendocrine INSERM U982, IRIB, Normandie Université, UNIROUEN, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - David Vaudry
- Cell Imaging Platform (PRIMACEN-IRIB), Normandie Université, UNIROUEN, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France.,Laboratoire de Différenciation et Communication Neuronale et Neuroendocrine INSERM U982, IRIB, Normandie Université, UNIROUEN, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Christophe Rihouey
- Unite Mixte de Recherche 6270 CNRS-Laboratory "Polymères, Biopolymères, Surfaces", Normandie Université, UNIROUEN, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Maité Vicré-Gibouin
- Laboratoire Glycobiologie et Matrice Extracellulaire Végétale, Normandie Université, UNIROUEN, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Végétal, Agronomie, Sol, et Innovation (VASI), GDR CNRS 3711 COSM'ACTIFS, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Azeddine Driouich
- Laboratoire Glycobiologie et Matrice Extracellulaire Végétale, Normandie Université, UNIROUEN, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Végétal, Agronomie, Sol, et Innovation (VASI), GDR CNRS 3711 COSM'ACTIFS, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France.,Cell Imaging Platform (PRIMACEN-IRIB), Normandie Université, UNIROUEN, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Marie-Laure Follet-Gueye
- Laboratoire Glycobiologie et Matrice Extracellulaire Végétale, Normandie Université, UNIROUEN, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Végétal, Agronomie, Sol, et Innovation (VASI), GDR CNRS 3711 COSM'ACTIFS, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France.,Cell Imaging Platform (PRIMACEN-IRIB), Normandie Université, UNIROUEN, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
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22
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Cai C, Guo Z, Yang Y, Geng Z, Tang L, Zhao M, Qiu Y, Chen Y, He P. Inhibition of hydrogen peroxide induced injuring on human skin fibroblast by Ulva prolifera polysaccharide. Int J Biol Macromol 2016; 91:241-7. [PMID: 27211299 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.05.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Revised: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Ulva prolifera can protect human skin fibroblast from being injured by hydrogen peroxide. This work studied the composition of Ulva prolifera polysaccharide and identified its physicochemical properties. The results showed that the cell proliferation of 0.5mg/mL crude polysaccharide was 154.4% of that in negative control group. Moreover, ROS detection indices, including DCFH-DA, GSH-PX, MDA and CAT, indicated that crude polysaccharide could improve cellular ability to scavenge free radical and decrease the injury on human skin fibroblast by hydrogen peroxide. In purified polysaccharide, the activity of fraction P1-1 was the highest, with 174.6% of that in negative control group. The average molecular weight of P1-1 was 137kD with 18.0% of sulfate content. This work showed the inhibition of hydrogen peroxide induced injuries on human skin fibroblast by Ulva prolifera polysaccharide, which may further evaluate the application of U. prolifera on cosmetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuner Cai
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; Institute of Marine Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Marine Biomedicine Institute, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Ziye Guo
- Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China
| | - Yayun Yang
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Zhonglei Geng
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Langlang Tang
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Minglin Zhao
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Yuyan Qiu
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Yifan Chen
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Peimin He
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; Institute of Marine Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
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23
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Zacharski DM, Brandt S, Esch S, König S, Mormann M, Ulrich-Merzenich G, Hensel A. Xyloglucan from Tropaeolum majus Seeds Induces Cellular Differentiation of Human Keratinocytes by Inhibition of EGFR Phosphorylation and Decreased Activity of Transcription Factor CREB. Biomacromolecules 2015; 16:2157-67. [PMID: 26068019 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.5b00553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Xyloglucan XG (molecular weight 462 kDa, 1,4-/1,4,6-(pGlc) linked backbone, side chains of 1-pXyl, 1,2-pXyl, 1-p-Gal) was isolated from the seeds of Tropaeolum majus. XG (100 μg/mL) induced terminal cellular differentiation of human keratinocytes, as demonstrated by immunofluorescence staining and Western blot using cytokeratin 10 and involucrin as marker proteins. Differentiation was also induced by XG-derived oligosaccharides (degree of polymerization 7-9). Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) revealed the induction of gene expression of typical differentiation markers (cytokeratin, filaggrin, involucrin, loricrin, transglutaminase) in a time-dependent manner. Whole human genome microarray indicated that most of upregulated genes were related to differentiation processes. Microarray findings on selected genes were subsequently confirmed by qPCR. For identification of the molecular target of xyloglucan PAGE of keratinocyte membrane preparations was performed, followed by blotting with fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled XG. XG interacting proteins were characterized by MS. Peptide fragments of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and integrin β4 were identified. Subsequent phospho-kinase array indicated that phosphorylation of EGFR and transcription factor cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) was decreased in the XG-treated cells. Thus, the XG-induced differentiation of keratinocytes is proposed to be mediated by the inhibition of the phosphorylation of EGFR, leading to a dimished CREB activation, which is essential for the activation of cellular differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika M Zacharski
- ‡University of Münster, Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Phytochemistry, Corrensstrasse 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Simone Brandt
- ‡University of Münster, Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Phytochemistry, Corrensstrasse 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Stefan Esch
- ‡University of Münster, Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Phytochemistry, Corrensstrasse 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Simone König
- §University of Münster, Interdisciplinary Centre for Clinical Research, Core Unit Proteomics, Röntgenstr. 21, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Michael Mormann
- #University of Münster, Institute for Hygiene, Robert-Koch-Strasse 41, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Gudrun Ulrich-Merzenich
- ∥University Clinic Centre Bonn, Medical Clinic III, Centre for Internal Medicine, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, D-53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Andreas Hensel
- ‡University of Münster, Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Phytochemistry, Corrensstrasse 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
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Maia Campos PMBG, de Melo MO, de Camargo Junior FB. Effects of Polysaccharide-Based Formulations on Human Skin. POLYSACCHARIDES 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-16298-0_64] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
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Bouaziz F, Ben Romdhane M, Boisset Helbert C, Buon L, Bhiri F, Bardaa S, Driss D, Koubaa M, Fakhfakh A, Sahnoun Z, Kallel F, Zghal N, Ellouz Chaabouni S. Healing efficiency of oligosaccharides generated from almond gum (Prunus amygdalus) on dermal wounds of adult rats. J Tissue Viability 2014; 23:98-108. [PMID: 25201790 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtv.2014.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2014] [Revised: 07/22/2014] [Accepted: 07/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Almond gum is a naturally occurring polymer produced by almond trees and shrubs. Its abundance, as well as its low cost production makes it a potential feedstock for use in food and pharmaceuticals. In this regard, almond gum oligosaccharides were enzymatically generated, purified and their monosaccharide composition assessed using gas chromatography-flame ionization detector. Oligosaccharide analyses show that the most prominent residues were galactose and arabinose with traces of xylose, rhamnose, glucose and mannose. The glycosyl linkage positions were analyzed using gas chromatography - mass spectrometry showing a main chain composed of galactose units [→3)-Gal-(1→] branched mainly with arabinose residues [Ara-(1→]. The potent role of the generated oligosaccharides on rats wound healing was investigated. They have been applied either alone or supplemented, as active substance, with cream formulation, on full-thickness wound created on the dorsum of the rats. The effect of oligosaccharides was assessed by measuring the wound closure percentage, reaching an average of around 100% when applied alone or supplemented to cream formulation. The healing percentage for the control group was only 74.3% at the same day. The histological evaluation of skin sections visualized by light microscopy revealed an improved collagen deposition and an increased fibroblast and vascular densities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Bouaziz
- Enzyme Bioconversion Unit (04/UR/09-04), National School of Engineering, P.O. Box 1173-3038, Sfax University, Tunisia
| | - Molka Ben Romdhane
- Enzyme Bioconversion Unit (04/UR/09-04), National School of Engineering, P.O. Box 1173-3038, Sfax University, Tunisia
| | - Claire Boisset Helbert
- Centre de Recherches sur les Macromolécules Végétales, C.N.R.S., Université Joseph Fourier, BP 53, Grenoble Cedex 9 38041, France
| | - Laurine Buon
- Centre de Recherches sur les Macromolécules Végétales, C.N.R.S., Université Joseph Fourier, BP 53, Grenoble Cedex 9 38041, France
| | - Fatma Bhiri
- Enzyme Bioconversion Unit (04/UR/09-04), National School of Engineering, P.O. Box 1173-3038, Sfax University, Tunisia
| | - Sana Bardaa
- Pharmacology Laboratory (UR 15/04), Sfax Medicine Faculty, 3029, Sfax University, Tunisia
| | - Dorra Driss
- Enzyme Bioconversion Unit (04/UR/09-04), National School of Engineering, P.O. Box 1173-3038, Sfax University, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Koubaa
- Enzyme Bioconversion Unit (04/UR/09-04), National School of Engineering, P.O. Box 1173-3038, Sfax University, Tunisia
| | - Akram Fakhfakh
- Enzyme Bioconversion Unit (04/UR/09-04), National School of Engineering, P.O. Box 1173-3038, Sfax University, Tunisia
| | - Zouhair Sahnoun
- Pharmacology Laboratory (UR 15/04), Sfax Medicine Faculty, 3029, Sfax University, Tunisia
| | - Fatma Kallel
- Enzyme Bioconversion Unit (04/UR/09-04), National School of Engineering, P.O. Box 1173-3038, Sfax University, Tunisia
| | - Najiba Zghal
- Animal Physiology Laboratory (UR 11/ES-70), Sfax Science Faculty, P.O. Box 1171-3000, Sfax University, Tunisia
| | - Semia Ellouz Chaabouni
- Enzyme Bioconversion Unit (04/UR/09-04), National School of Engineering, P.O. Box 1173-3038, Sfax University, Tunisia; Common Service Unit of Bioreactor Coupled with an Ultrafilter, National School of Engineering, P.O. Box 1173-3038, Sfax University, Tunisia.
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Effects of Polysaccharide-Based Formulations on Human Skin. POLYSACCHARIDES 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-03751-6_64-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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Sun-Waterhouse D, Edmonds L, Wadhwa S, Wibisono R. Producing ice cream using a substantial amount of juice from kiwifruit with green, gold or red flesh. Food Res Int 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2011.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Sims IM, Monro JA. Fiber: composition, structures, and functional properties. ADVANCES IN FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH 2013; 68:81-99. [PMID: 23394983 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-394294-4.00005-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Kiwifruit dietary fiber consists of cell-wall polysaccharides that are typical of the cell walls of many dicotyledonous fruits, being composed of pectic polysaccharides, hemicelluloses, and cellulose. The kiwifruit pectic polysaccharides consist of homo- and rhamnogalacturonans with various neutral, (arabino)-galactan side chains, while the hemicelluloses are mostly xyloglucan and xylan. The proportions of pectic polysaccharide, hemicellulose, and cellulose in both green 'Hayward' and 'Zespri® Gold' are similar and are little affected by in vitro exposure to gastric and small intestinal digestion. The hydration properties of the kiwifruit-swelling and water retention capacity-are also unaffected by foregut digestion, indicating that the functional properties of kiwifruit fiber survive in the foregut. However, in the hindgut, kiwifruit fiber is fermented, but whole kiwifruit consumed in association with slowly fermented fiber leads to distal displacement of fermentation, indicating that hindgut benefits of kiwifruit may result from its interaction with other dietary sources of fiber.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian M Sims
- Industrial Research Limited, Lower Hutt, New Zealand
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Wang R, Lechtenberg M, Sendker J, Petereit F, Deters A, Hensel A. Wound-healing plants from TCM: in vitro investigations on selected TCM plants and their influence on human dermal fibroblasts and keratinocytes. Fitoterapia 2012; 84:308-17. [PMID: 23266731 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2012.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2012] [Revised: 12/12/2012] [Accepted: 12/13/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Wound-healing plants from Traditional Chinese Medicine and described for wound healing in the Pharmacopoeia of People's Republic of China (2005 ed.) were investigated by in vitro bioassay on human skin cells. Therefore water and EtOH-water extracts (6:4, v/v) from 12 plants were tested on human primary dermal fibroblasts (pNHDF) and human HaCaT keratinocyte cell line by quantification of cell viability (MTT assay) and cellular proliferation (BrdU incorporation ELISA). No functional activity was found for extracts from Achyranthis bidentatae rhizoma, Cimicifugae rhizoma, Corydalis rhizoma, Gardeniae fructus, Houttuyniae herba, Lonicerae japonicae caulis, Paeoniae rubrae radix and Rehmanniae radix. Extracts from Notoginseng radix et rhizoma, Angelicae sinensis radix and Lonicerae japonicae flos showed moderate activity, while extracts from Moutan cortex (the root bark of Paeonia suffruticosa Andr., Ranunculaceae) increased cell viability of HaCaT keratinocytes and pNHDF in a dose-dependent manner significantly. Bioassay-guided fractionation yielded paeonol 1, the flavan-3-ols catechin 2 and epicatechin-3-O-gallate 3, the dimeric proanthocyanidin epicatechin-(4β→8)-catechin 4, a mixture of trigalloyl-glucoses 5 and 1,2,3,4,6-penta-O-galloyl-β-d-glucose (PGG) 6. The proanthocyanidin-containing fractions as well as PGG-containing fractions contributed substantially to the stimulating effects. Especially PGG-containing fractions enhanced cell viability and cellular proliferation of HaCaT keratinocytes at concentration of 100nM. From these data we conclude that indication claims for TCM herbal materials must be carefully investigated in order to establish evidence-driven use of such plants. In case of Moutan cortex skin cell stimulating effects have clearly been proven. These effects can be related to the polyphenol fractions of condensed and hydrolysable tannins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruxi Wang
- University of Münster, Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Phytochemistry (IPBP), Hittorfstraße 56, D-48149 Münster, Germany
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Mannina L, Sobolev AP, Capitani D. Applications of NMR metabolomics to the study of foodstuffs: truffle, kiwifruit, lettuce, and sea bass. Electrophoresis 2012; 33:2290-313. [PMID: 22887151 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201100668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
In this review, four examples of the NMR metabolomic approach to foodstuff investigation are reported. Different types of foodstuff of different origin (namely truffle, kiwifruit, lettuce, and sea bass), with different metabolite composition, processing, and storage procedures have been chosen to demonstrate the versatility and potentiality of NMR in the foodstuff analysis. Fundamental aspects of NMR methodology such as sample preparation, metabolites extraction, quantitative elaboration of spectral data, and statistical analysis have been described. Metabolic profilings of aqueous and/or organic extracts as obtained by one- and two-dimensional NMR experiments have been reported together with the results obtained from their statistical elaboration. Discrimination between wild and farmed sea bass and between genetically modified and wild lettuces as well as changes in the kiwifruit metabolic profiles monitored over the season have been investigated. For each foodstuff, some complementary findings provided by other analytical methods are also described to underline the importance of different analytical approaches to explore specific aspects related to foodstuff.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Mannina
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy.
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Polysaccharides of St. John's Wort Herb Stimulate NHDF Proliferation and NEHK Differentiation via Influence on Extracellular Structures and Signal Pathways. Adv Pharmacol Sci 2012; 2012:304317. [PMID: 22848211 PMCID: PMC3405560 DOI: 10.1155/2012/304317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2012] [Revised: 04/13/2012] [Accepted: 04/13/2012] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
St. John's Wort herb extracts often contain undesirable or volitional polysaccharides. As polysaccharides exhibit structure-dependent biological functions in the present study water-soluble polysaccharides were extracted from herb material, fractionated by anion exchange chromatography into four main polysaccharide fractions (denominated as Hp1, Hp2, Hp3 and Hp4) and characterized by HPAEC-PAD, CE, IR and GC-MS. Biological activity on human skin keratinocytes and fibroblasts was assessed by investigation of their effect on proliferation, metabolism, cytotoxicity, apoptosis and differentiation. The underlying mechanisms were investigated in gene expression studies. Polysaccharide fraction Hp1 was mainly composed of β-D-glucose. Hp2, Hp3 and Hp4 contained pectic structures and arabinogalactan proteins varying in composition and quantity. Polysaccharides of Hp1 induced the keratinocyte differentiation by inhibiting the gene expression of the epidermal growth factor and insulin receptor. While the collagen secretion of fibroblasts was stimulated by each polysaccharide fraction only Hp1 stimulated the synthesis. The fibroblast proliferation was reduced by Hp1 and increased by Hp4. This effect was related to the influence on genes that referred to oxidative stress, metabolism, transcription processes and extracellular proteins. In conclusion polysaccharides have been shown as biologically active ingredients of aqueous St. John's Wort extracts with a relation between their structural characteristics and function.
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Kim H, Kim J, Park J, Kim S, Uchida Y, Holleran W, Cho Y. Water Extract of Gromwell (Lithospermum erythrorhizon) Enhances Migration of Human Keratinocytes and Dermal Fibroblasts with Increased Lipid Synthesis in an in vitro Wound Scratch Model. Skin Pharmacol Physiol 2012; 25:57-64. [DOI: 10.1159/000330897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2010] [Accepted: 06/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Agyare C, Lechtenberg M, Deters A, Petereit F, Hensel A. Ellagitannins from Phyllanthus muellerianus (Kuntze) Exell.: Geraniin and furosin stimulate cellular activity, differentiation and collagen synthesis of human skin keratinocytes and dermal fibroblasts. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2011; 18:617-624. [PMID: 21036574 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2010.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2010] [Revised: 07/19/2010] [Accepted: 08/27/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Leaves from Phyllanthus muellerianus (Kuntze) Exell. are traditionally used for wound healing in Western Africa. Aqueous extracts of dried leaves recently have been shown to stimulate proliferation of human keratinocytes and dermal fibroblasts. Within bioassay-guided fractionation the ellagitannins geraniin (1), corilagin (2), furosin (3), the flavonoids quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucoside (isoquercitrin), kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucoside (astragalin), quercetin-3-O-D-rutinoside (rutin), gallic acid, methyl gallate, caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid and caffeoylmalic acid (phaselic acid) have been identified in P. muellerianus for the first time. Geraniin was shown to be the dominant component of an aqueous extract. Suitable analytical methods for quality control of geraniin in P. muellerianus extract (methanol/water, 70/30) have been developed and validated based on ICH guidelines (ICH-compliant protocol). Geraniin and furosin increased the cellular energy status of human skin cells (dermal fibroblasts NHDF, HaCaT keratinocytes), triggering the cells towards higher proliferation rates, with fibroblasts being more sensitive than keratinocytes. Highest stimulation of NHDF by geraniin was found at 5 μM, and of keratinocytes at 50-100 μM. Furosin stimulated NHDF at about 50 μM, keratinocytes at about 150-200 μM. Necrotic cytotoxicity of geraniin, as measured by LDH release, was observed at 20 μM for NHDF and 150 μM for keratinocytes. Toxicity of furosin--less than that of geraniin--was observed at > 400 μM. Furosin and geraniin stimulated the biosynthesis of collagen from NHDF at 50 μM and 5-10 μM respectively. Geraniin at 105 μM significantly stimulated the differentiation in NHEK while furosin had a minor influence on the expression of involucrin and cytokeratins K1 and K10. The study proves clearly that hydrophilic extracts from P. muellerianus and especially the lead compound geraniin exhibit stimulating activity on dermal fibroblasts and keratinocytes, leading to increased cell proliferation, barrier formation and formation of extracellular matrix proteins. From these findings the traditional clinical use of such extracts for wound healing seems to be justified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Agyare
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Phytochemistry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
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Zippel J, Wells T, Hensel A. Arabinogalactan protein from Jatropha curcas L. seeds as TGFβ1-mediated inductor of keratinocyte in vitro differentiation and stimulation of GM-CSF, HGF, KGF and in organotypic skin equivalents. Fitoterapia 2010; 81:772-8. [PMID: 20385211 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2010.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2010] [Revised: 03/29/2010] [Accepted: 04/06/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Arabinogalactan protein JC from Jatropha curcas seed endosperm (mean molecular weight 140 kDa) was isolated by cold water extraction and characterized concerning sugar and amino acid composition. At 10 and 100 µg/mL JC stimulated mitochondrial activity (MTT test) of human skin cells (HaCaT keratinocytes, fibroblasts) and the ATP status of primary keratinocytes. JC did not influence the cellular proliferation, while primary keratinocytes were triggered into differentiation status. Investigations on a potential mode of action of JC were performed on complex organotypic skin equivalents. JC induced the production of HGF, KGF and TGFβ, with TGFβ being the main inductor for the differentiation-inducing effect of JC. Also the expression of GM-CSF was stimulated strongly by JC. This in vitro activity profile indicated JC to be a potent inductor of cellular differentiation via stimulation of growth hormones and TGF-β-induced cell signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janina Zippel
- University of Münster, Institute for Pharmaceutical Biology and Phytochemistry IPBP, Hittorfstraße 56, D-48149 Münster, Germany
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Deters A, Petereit F, Schmidgall J, Hensel A. N-Acetyl-D-glucosamine oligosaccharides induce mucin secretion from colonic tissue and induce differentiation of human keratinocytes. J Pharm Pharmacol 2010; 60:197-204. [DOI: 10.1211/jpp.60.2.0008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Chitin oligosaccharides (DP2, DP3, DP4, DP5 and DP7) were investigated for their effects on epithelial cells and tissue (skin keratinocytes in-vitro and ex-vivo, and gastrointestinal epithelial membranes ex-vivo). Oligomers DP2, DP3 and DP5 at 10 μg mL−1 significantly stimulated the mitochondrial activity of cultured keratinocytes in-vitro (primary cells and HaCaT cell line), with highest activity observed for the pentamer (150% of untreated control). The effects were dose dependent. This higher energy status of primary cells was triggered into a higher differentiation status, as determined by the early and late differentiation markers keratins K1/K10 and involucrin, respectively. In contrast, increased mitogenic cell proliferation was not induced by the oligosaccharides. Toxic effects on keratinocytes were absent. Additionally for the first time a mucin-stimulating effect of chitin oligosaccharides DP3 and DP5 was observed in an ex-vivo model based on intestinal epithelial mucosa tissue. Mucin secretion was time dependent, leading to the secretion of polymers comparable to those normally secreted under physiological conditions. Mucin induction was observed from colonic tissue isolated from humans and pigs. Also, porcine stomach mucosa was stimulated by DP5, while ileum tissue reacted to only a minor extent. Potential developments towards products with wound-healing capacity and activity against chronic bowel disease are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Deters
- University of Münster, Institute for Pharmaceutical Biology and Phytochemistry, Hittorfstraße 56, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Frank Petereit
- University of Münster, Institute for Pharmaceutical Biology and Phytochemistry, Hittorfstraße 56, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Jörg Schmidgall
- University of Münster, Institute for Pharmaceutical Biology and Phytochemistry, Hittorfstraße 56, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Andreas Hensel
- University of Münster, Institute for Pharmaceutical Biology and Phytochemistry, Hittorfstraße 56, D-48149 Münster, Germany
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Wittschier N, Lengsfeld C, Vorthems S, Stratmann U, Ernst JF, Verspohl EJ, Hensel A. Large molecules as anti-adhesive compounds against pathogens. J Pharm Pharmacol 2010; 59:777-86. [PMID: 17637170 DOI: 10.1211/jpp.59.6.0004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Anti-adhesive compounds are potential prophylactic tools in alternative treatment regimes against bacterial infection, as bacterial adhesion is commonly mediated by carbohydrate-protein interactions between surface adhesions of microorganisms and the host cell. The use of exogenous polyvalent, high-molecular carbohydrates and tannin-like plant-derived compounds should antagonize the adhesive interaction. A range of carbohydrates and carbohydrate- and proanthocyanidin-enriched plant extracts were screened for potential anti-adhesive effects against Helicobacter pylori, Campylobacter jejuni, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Candida albicans in different in-situ assays on primary tissue. The adhesion of H. pylori on human stomach tissue was effectively blocked by glucuronic acid-enriched polysaccharides from immature okra fruits (Abelmoschus esculentus). These compounds also had strong in-vitro effects against C. jejuni (inhibition up to 80%), but were ineffective in an in-vivo study in infected chicken broilers due to metabolism in the gastrointestinal system. Polysaccharides from Glycyrrhizia glabra, also enriched with glucuronic acid, showed strong anti-adhesive properties against H. pylori and P. gingivalis (inhibition 60–70%). Pelargonium sidoides extract, containing mainly polymeric proanthocyanidins, was effective against H. pylori in a dose-dependent manner. Due to the multifunctional adhesive strategy of C. albicans, no effective compounds were detected against this yeast. Structure-activity relationships are presented and the potential in-vivo use of carbohydrate-based anti-adhesives is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Wittschier
- University of Münster, Institute for Pharmaceutical Biology and Phytochemistry, Hittorfstrasse 56, D-48149 Münster, Germany
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Deters A, Zippel J, Hellenbrand N, Pappai D, Possemeyer C, Hensel A. Aqueous extracts and polysaccharides from Marshmallow roots (Althea officinalis L.): cellular internalisation and stimulation of cell physiology of human epithelial cells in vitro. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2010; 127:62-69. [PMID: 19799989 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2009.09.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2009] [Revised: 09/16/2009] [Accepted: 09/22/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Aqueous extracts from the roots of Althea officinalis L. (Malvaceae) are widely used for treatment of irritated mucosa. The clinical proven effects are related to the presence of bioadhesive and mucilaginous polysaccharides from the rhamnogalacturonan type, leading to the physical formation of mucin-like on top of the irritated tissues. No data are available if the extracts or the polysaccharides from these extract exert an active influence on mucosal or connective tissue cells, in order to initiated changes in cell physiology, useful for better tissue regeneration. METHODOLOGY In vitro investigations of aqueous A. officinalis extract AE and raw polysaccharides (RPS) on epithelial KB cells and primary dermal human fibroblasts (pNHF) using WST1 vitality test and BrdU proliferation ELISA. Gene expression analysis by microarray from KB cells. Internalisation studies of polysaccharides were performed by laser scanning microscopy. RESULTS AE (1, 10 microg/mL) had stimulating effect on cell viability and proliferation of epithelial KB cells. RPS (1, 10 microg/mL) stimulated cell vitality of epithelial cells significantly without triggering the cells into higher proliferation status. Neither AE nor RPS had any effect on fibroblasts. FITC-labeled RPS was shown to be internalised into epithelial cells, but not into fibroblasts. FITC-RPS was shown to form bioadhesive layers on the cell surface of dermal fibroblasts. Microarray analysis indicated an up-regulation of genes related to cell adhesion proteins, growth regulators, extracellular matrix, cytokine release and apoptosis. CONCLUSION Aqueous extracts and polysaccharides from the roots of A. officinalis are effective stimulators of cell physiology of epithelial cells which can prove the traditional use of Marshmallow preparations for treatment of irritated mucous membranes within tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Deters
- University of Münster, Institute for Pharmaceutical Biology and Phytochemistry (IPBP), Hittorfstrasse 56, D-48149 Münster, Germany
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Agyare C, Asase A, Lechtenberg M, Niehues M, Deters A, Hensel A. An ethnopharmacological survey and in vitro confirmation of ethnopharmacological use of medicinal plants used for wound healing in Bosomtwi-Atwima-Kwanwoma area, Ghana. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2009; 125:393-403. [PMID: 19635544 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2009.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2009] [Revised: 07/14/2009] [Accepted: 07/18/2009] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
AIMS OF THE STUDY Wounds represent a major health burden and drain on healthcare resources in the world including Ghana and Africa. The majority of the people of Ghana and Africa still patronize traditional medicine for their health needs including various forms of wounds. The aim of this study is the identification of medicinal plants, type of wounds, dosage forms and collection methods used traditionally in treating wounds in the Bosomtwi-Atwima-Kwanwoma district, Ghana. In vitro screening of selected extracts from these plants on cell physiology of human dermal fibroblasts and keratinocytes was to be performed. MATERIALS AND METHODS Validated questionnaires were administered to 78 traditional healers in 54 communities of the district. Interviews and structured conversations were used to administer the questionnaires. Selected herbal material dominantly used by the healers was collected, identified and aqueous and ethanolic extracts were investigated in vitro on influence on cell physiology of keratinocytes and dermal fibroblasts (MTT-, BrdU-, LDH-assay). Antioxidant activities of ethanolic extracts were determined by free radical scavenging activity. Antiadhesive activity against Helicobacter pylori on human stomach cells was investigated for extracts reported to be used for stomach ulcer treatment. RESULTS The ethnopharmacological survey revealed 104 plants species belonging to 47 families. The detailed use of these plants is documented. Aqueous extracts of Phyllanthus muellerianus, Pycnanthus angolensis and Combretum smeathmanni influenced the mitochondrial activity and proliferation of dermal fibroblasts and keratinocytes significantly. Ethanolic extracts of selected plants exhibited strong antioxidant activities comparable to alpha-tocopherol. For Spathodea campanulata, Hoslundia opposita and Pycnanthus angolensis, which were reported by the healers to be used also for wound healing in case of stomach ulcers, strong antiadhesive activity against Helicobacter pylori was demonstrated, while the extracts did not exhibit any direct cytotoxicity against the bacterium. CONCLUSIONS Traditional use of many wound-healing plants from Ghana can be well rationalized by the in vitro investigation of aqueous extracts. E.g. extracts of Phyllanthus muellerianus, Pycnanthus angolensis and Combretum smeathmanni exhibited significant influence on the cell viability and proliferation of keratinocytes and dermal fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Agyare
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
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Zippel J, Deters A, Hensel A. Arabinogalactans from Mimosa tenuiflora (Willd.) Poiret bark as active principles for wound-healing properties: specific enhancement of dermal fibroblast activity and minor influence on HaCaT keratinocytes. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2009; 124:391-396. [PMID: 19505559 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2009.05.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2009] [Revised: 04/28/2009] [Accepted: 05/28/2009] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Aqueous extracts from the bark of Mimosa tenuiflora (Willd.) Poirett (Mimosaceae), tradionally known as "tepescohuite", are widely used for wound-healing and burns in middle and South America. No pharmacological data are available on the influence of aqueous extracts and high molecular constituents on human skin cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS Tests were performed on human primary dermal fibroblasts and human HaCaT keratinocytes by quantification of mitochondrial activity (MTT, WST-1), proliferation (BrdU incorporation), necrosis (LDH) and gene expression profiling (RT-PCR). RESULTS Water extract WE (10 and 100 microg/mL) expressed loss of cell viability and proliferation in dermal fibroblasts. Ethanol-precipitated compounds EPC (10 microg/mL), isolated from WE significantly stimulated mitochondrial activity and proliferation of dermal fibroblasts. Minor stimulation of human kerationocytes by EPC was found only at 100 microg/mL level. The differentiation behavior of keratinocytes was not influenced by EPC. EPC had no influence on the expression of specific proliferation and differentiation related genes so that the mode of action remains unclear. By bioactivity-guided fractionation two arabinogalactan-enriched fractions (F2, F3) were isolated from EPC and identified as the stimulating principles of EPC against fibroblasts. CONCLUSIONS A significant in vitro stimulation of dermal fibroblast activity and proliferation by arabinogalactans from Mimosa tenuiflora provides a rational for the traditional use of the bark material for wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janina Zippel
- University of Münster, Institute for Pharmaceutical Biology and Phytochemistry IPBP, Hittorfstrasse 56, D-48149 Münster, Germany
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Zippel J, Deters A, Pappai D, Hensel A. A high molecular arabinogalactan from Ribes nigrum L.: influence on cell physiology of human skin fibroblasts and keratinocytes and internalization into cells via endosomal transport. Carbohydr Res 2009; 344:1001-8. [PMID: 19368904 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2009.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2008] [Revised: 03/09/2009] [Accepted: 03/17/2009] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
An arabinogalactan protein (F2) was isolated in 1.5% yield from the seeds of Ribes nigrum L. (Grossulariaceae) by aqueous extraction and a one-step anion exchange chromatography on DEAE-Sephacel with 24% galactose, 43% arabinose, and 20% xylose as main carbohydrate residues. Methylation analysis revealed the presence of a 1,3-/1,3,6-galactose backbone, side chains from arabinose in different linkages, and terminal xylose residues. The polysaccharide which turned out to be an arabinogalactan protein had a molecular weight of >10(6) Da and deaggregated under chaotropic conditions. The cellular dehydrogenase activities (MTT and WST-1 tests) of human skin cells (fibroblasts, keratinocytes) as well as the proliferation rate of keratinocytes (BrdU incorporation ELISA) were significantly stimulated by the polymer at 10 and 100 microg/mL. F2 had no influence on differentiation status of keratinocytes and did not exhibit any cytotoxic potential (LDH test). The biological activity of F2 was not dependent on the high molecular weight. Influence of the polysaccharide on the gene expression of specific growth factors, growth factor receptors, signal proteins and marker proteins for skin cell proliferation, and differentiation by RT-PCR could not be shown. Gene array investigations indicated an increased expression of various genes encoding for catabolic enzymes, DNA repair, extracellular matrix proteins, and signal transduction factors. Removal of terminal arabinose residues by alpha-L-arabinofuranosidase did not influence the activity toward skin cells, while the treatment with beta-D-galactosidase yielded an inactive polysaccharide. The FITC-labeled polysaccharide was incorporated in a time-dependent manner into human fibroblasts (laser scanning microscopy) via endosomal transport. This internalization of the polysaccharide was inhibited by Cytochalasin B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janina Zippel
- University of Münster, Institute for Pharmaceutical Biology and Phytochemistry (IPBP), Münster, Germany
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Shu Q, Mendis De Silva U, Chen S, Peng W, Ahmed M, Lu G, Yin Y, Liu A, Drummond L. Kiwifruit extract enhances markers of innate and acquired immunity in a murine model. FOOD AGR IMMUNOL 2008. [DOI: 10.1080/09540100802117198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Structural patterns of rhamnogalacturonans modulating Hsp-27 expression in cultured human keratinocytes. Molecules 2008; 13:1207-18. [PMID: 18560339 PMCID: PMC6245184 DOI: 10.3390/molecules13051207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2008] [Revised: 05/19/1995] [Accepted: 05/19/2008] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Polysaccharide extracts were obtained from chestnut bran (Castanea sativa), grape marc (Vitis vinifera) and apple marc (Malus spp.) and fractionated by size exclusion chromatography after endopolygalacturonase degradation. Compositional and linkage analyses by GC and GC-MS showed the characteristic rhamnogalacturonan structure with specific arabinan (apple marc) and type II arabinogalactan (chestnut bran, grape marc) side chains. Type II arabinogalactan rhamnogalacturonan from chestnut bran significantly stimulated the in vitro differentiation of human keratinocytes, giving evidence of a tight structure-function relationship. This molecule comprises short and ramified 3- and 3,6-beta- D-galactan and 5- and 3,5-alpha-L-arabinan side chains, but also contains significant amounts of t-Xyl and 4-Xyl with a characteristic 2:1 ratio. Enzymatic hydrolysis of this polysaccharide produced fragments of lower molecular weight with unchanged xylose content which conserved the same ability to stimulate human keratinocyte differentiation. It could be then speculated that dimeric xylosyl-xylose and/or longer oligomeric xylose side chains attached to a galacturonan and closely associated to hairy rhamno-galacturonan domains are essential patterns that could determine the biological activity of pectins.
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TANAKA J, SHAN SJ, KASAJIMA N, SHIMODA H. Suppressive Effect of Defatted Kiwi Fruit Seed Extract on Acute Inflammation and Skin Pigmentation. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH 2007. [DOI: 10.3136/fstr.13.310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Houghton PJ, Hylands PJ, Mensah AY, Hensel A, Deters AM. In vitro tests and ethnopharmacological investigations: wound healing as an example. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2005; 100:100-7. [PMID: 16040217 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2005.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/04/2005] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
In vitro tests are now widely employed in ethnopharmacological research because of ethical reasons and their usefulness in bioactive-guided fractionation and determination of active compounds. For many disease conditions, a variety of in vitro tests can now be employed as the biochemical mechanisms underlying disease and healing processes are understood. Approaches to the in vitro investigations of wound healing processes are exemplified by studies on extracts of Buddleja species and three Ghanaian species Spathodea campanulata, Commelina diffusa and Secamone afzelii. Most studies have been carried out on Buddleja officinalis or Buddleja globosa. The extracts have been shown to have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties due to flavonoids, triterpenoids, diterpenoids and caffeic acid derivatives. There appears to a slight effect on proliferation of fibroblasts at lower concentrations, but this was not significant, and higher concentrations appeared to be cytotoxic. Novel findings are the ability of Buddleja globosa leaf extracts to induce differentiation in keratinocytes and to alter the profile of proteins produced by cultured fibroblasts. Extracts also had some effect on lattice contraction. The three Ghanaian species examined show a mixture of antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. The evolution over recent years of tests for wound healing, from in vivo tests to cell-based systems and chemical reactions and on to investigations into effects on secondary messengers and protein expression, is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- P J Houghton
- Pharmacognosy Research Laboratories, Department of Pharmacy, King's College London, London SE1 9NH, UK.
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