1
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Lou QM, Lai FF, Li JW, Mao KJ, Wan HT, He Y. Mechanisms of cuproptosis and its relevance to distinct diseases. Apoptosis 2024; 29:981-1006. [PMID: 38824478 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-024-01983-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Copper is a trace element required by the organism, but once the level of copper exceeds the threshold, it becomes toxic and even causes death. The underlying mechanisms of copper-induced death are inconclusive, with different studies showing different opinions on the mechanism of copper-induced death. Multiple investigations have shown that copper induces oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, nucleolar stress, and proteasome inhibition, all of which can result in cell death. The latest research elucidates a copper-dependent death and denominates it as cuproptosis. Cuproptosis takes place through the combination of copper and lipoylated proteins of the tricarboxylic acid cycle, triggering agglomeration of lipoylated proteins and loss of iron-sulfur cluster proteins, leading to proteotoxic stress and ultimately death. Given the toxicity and necessity of copper, abnormal levels of copper lead to diseases such as neurological diseases and cancer. The development of cancer has a high demand for copper, neurological diseases involve the change of copper contents and the binding of copper to proteins. There is a close relationship between these two kinds of diseases and copper. Here, we summarize the mechanisms of copper-related death, and the association between copper and diseases, to better figure out the influence of copper in cell death and diseases, thus advancing the clinical remedy of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao-Mei Lou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Fei-Fan Lai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Jing-Wei Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Kun-Jun Mao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Hai-Tong Wan
- School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
| | - Yu He
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
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2
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Kunachowicz D, Król-Kulikowska M, Raczycka W, Sleziak J, Błażejewska M, Kulbacka J. Heat Shock Proteins, a Double-Edged Sword: Significance in Cancer Progression, Chemotherapy Resistance and Novel Therapeutic Perspectives. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1500. [PMID: 38672583 PMCID: PMC11048091 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16081500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Heat shock proteins (Hsps) are involved in one of the adaptive mechanisms protecting cells against environmental and metabolic stress. Moreover, the large role of these proteins in the carcinogenesis process, as well as in chemoresistance, was noticed. This review aims to draw attention to the possibilities of using Hsps in developing new cancer therapy methods, as well as to indicate directions for future research on this topic. In order to discuss this matter, a thorough review of the latest scientific literature was carried out, taking into account the importance of selected proteins from the Hsp family, including Hsp27, Hsp40, Hsp60, Hsp70, Hsp90 and Hsp110. One of the more characteristic features of all Hsps is that they play a multifaceted role in cancer progression, which makes them an obvious target for modern anticancer therapy. Some researchers emphasize the importance of directly inhibiting the action of these proteins. In turn, others point to their possible use in the design of cancer vaccines, which would work by inducing an immune response in various types of cancer. Due to these possibilities, it is believed that the use of Hsps may contribute to the progress of oncoimmunology, and thus help in the development of modern anticancer therapies, which would be characterized by higher effectiveness and lower toxicity to the patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Kunachowicz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (D.K.); (M.K.-K.)
| | - Magdalena Król-Kulikowska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (D.K.); (M.K.-K.)
| | - Wiktoria Raczycka
- Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Pasteura 1, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland; (W.R.); (J.S.); (M.B.)
| | - Jakub Sleziak
- Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Pasteura 1, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland; (W.R.); (J.S.); (M.B.)
| | - Marta Błażejewska
- Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Pasteura 1, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland; (W.R.); (J.S.); (M.B.)
| | - Julita Kulbacka
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
- Department of Immunology and Bioelectrochemistry, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine Santariškių g. 5, LT-08406 Vilnius, Lithuania
- DIVE IN AI, 53-307 Wroclaw, Poland
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3
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Ghai S, Young A, Su KH. Proteotoxic stress response in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: Emerging role of heat shock factor 1. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1155444. [PMID: 37077734 PMCID: PMC10106699 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1155444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Hypercholesterolemia has been both clinically and experimentally linked to cardiovascular disease and is involved in the initiation of atherosclerosis. Heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) is involved in the control of atherosclerosis. HSF1 is a critical transcriptional factor of the proteotoxic stress response that regulates the production of heat shock proteins (HSPs) and other important activities such as lipid metabolism. Recently, HSF1 is reported to directly interact with and inhibit AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) to promote lipogenesis and cholesterol synthesis. This review highlights roles of HSF1 and HSPs in critical metabolic pathways of atherosclerosis, including lipogenesis and proteome homeostasis.
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4
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Golden NL, Foley MK, Kim Guisbert KS, Guisbert E. Divergent regulatory roles of NuRD chromatin remodeling complex subunits GATAD2 and CHD4 in Caenorhabditis elegans. Genetics 2022; 221:iyac046. [PMID: 35323946 PMCID: PMC9071545 DOI: 10.1093/genetics/iyac046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
During proteotoxic stress, a pathway known as the heat shock response is induced to maintain protein-folding homeostasis or proteostasis. Previously, we identified the Caenorhabditis elegans GATAD2 ortholog, dcp-66, as a novel regulator of the heat shock response. Here, we extend these findings to show that dcp-66 positively regulates the heat shock response at the cellular, molecular, and organismal levels. As GATAD2 is a subunit of the nucleosome remodeling and deacetylase chromatin remodeling complex, we examined other nucleosome remodeling and deacetylase subunits and found that the let-418 (CHD4) nucleosome repositioning core also regulates the heat shock response. However, let-418 acts as a negative regulator of the heat shock response, in contrast to positive regulation by dcp-66. The divergent effects of these two nucleosome remodeling and deacetylase subunits extend to the regulation of other stress responses including oxidative, genotoxic, and endoplasmic reticulum stress. Furthermore, a transcriptomic approach reveals additional divergently regulated pathways, including innate immunity and embryogenesis. Taken together, this work establishes new insights into the role of nucleosome remodeling and deacetylase subunits in organismal physiology. We incorporate these findings into a molecular model whereby different mechanisms of recruitment to promoters can result in the divergent effects of nucleosome remodeling and deacetylase subunits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole L Golden
- Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering and Sciences, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, FL 32901, USA
| | - Michaela K Foley
- Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering and Sciences, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, FL 32901, USA
| | - Karen S Kim Guisbert
- Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering and Sciences, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, FL 32901, USA
| | - Eric Guisbert
- Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering and Sciences, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, FL 32901, USA
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5
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Huiting W, Dekker SL, van der Lienden JCJ, Mergener R, Musskopf MK, Furtado GV, Gerrits E, Coit D, Oghbaie M, Di Stefano LH, Schepers H, van Waarde-Verhagen MAWH, Couzijn S, Barazzuol L, LaCava J, Kampinga HH, Bergink S. Targeting DNA topoisomerases or checkpoint kinases results in an overload of chaperone systems, triggering aggregation of a metastable subproteome. eLife 2022; 11:e70726. [PMID: 35200138 PMCID: PMC8871389 DOI: 10.7554/elife.70726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A loss of the checkpoint kinase ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) leads to impairments in the DNA damage response, and in humans causes cerebellar neurodegeneration, and an increased risk of cancer. A loss of ATM is also associated with increased protein aggregation. The relevance and characteristics of this aggregation are still incompletely understood. Moreover, it is unclear to what extent other genotoxic conditions can trigger protein aggregation as well. Here, we show that targeting ATM, but also ATR or DNA topoisomerases, results in the widespread aggregation of a metastable, disease-associated subfraction of the proteome. Aggregation-prone model substrates, including Huntingtin exon 1 containing an expanded polyglutamine repeat, aggregate faster under these conditions. This increased aggregation results from an overload of chaperone systems, which lowers the cell-intrinsic threshold for proteins to aggregate. In line with this, we find that inhibition of the HSP70 chaperone system further exacerbates the increased protein aggregation. Moreover, we identify the molecular chaperone HSPB5 as a cell-specific suppressor of it. Our findings reveal that various genotoxic conditions trigger widespread protein aggregation in a manner that is highly reminiscent of the aggregation occurring in situations of proteotoxic stress and in proteinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wouter Huiting
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University Medical Center Groningen, University of GroningenGroningenNetherlands
| | - Suzanne L Dekker
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University Medical Center Groningen, University of GroningenGroningenNetherlands
| | - Joris CJ van der Lienden
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University Medical Center Groningen, University of GroningenGroningenNetherlands
| | - Rafaella Mergener
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University Medical Center Groningen, University of GroningenGroningenNetherlands
| | - Maiara K Musskopf
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University Medical Center Groningen, University of GroningenGroningenNetherlands
| | - Gabriel V Furtado
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University Medical Center Groningen, University of GroningenGroningenNetherlands
| | - Emma Gerrits
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University Medical Center Groningen, University of GroningenGroningenNetherlands
| | - David Coit
- Laboratory of Cellular and Structural Biology, The Rockefeller UniversityNew YorkUnited States
| | - Mehrnoosh Oghbaie
- Laboratory of Cellular and Structural Biology, The Rockefeller UniversityNew YorkUnited States
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing, University Medical Center Groningen, University of GroningenGroningenNetherlands
| | - Luciano H Di Stefano
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing, University Medical Center Groningen, University of GroningenGroningenNetherlands
| | - Hein Schepers
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University Medical Center Groningen, University of GroningenGroningenNetherlands
| | - Maria AWH van Waarde-Verhagen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University Medical Center Groningen, University of GroningenGroningenNetherlands
| | - Suzanne Couzijn
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University Medical Center Groningen, University of GroningenGroningenNetherlands
| | - Lara Barazzuol
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University Medical Center Groningen, University of GroningenGroningenNetherlands
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of GroningenGroningenNetherlands
| | - John LaCava
- Laboratory of Cellular and Structural Biology, The Rockefeller UniversityNew YorkUnited States
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing, University Medical Center Groningen, University of GroningenGroningenNetherlands
| | - Harm H Kampinga
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University Medical Center Groningen, University of GroningenGroningenNetherlands
| | - Steven Bergink
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University Medical Center Groningen, University of GroningenGroningenNetherlands
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6
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Burgio S, Conway de Macario E, Macario AJ, Cappello F. SARS-CoV-2 in patients with cancer: possible role of mimicry of human molecules by viral proteins and the resulting anti-cancer immunity. Cell Stress Chaperones 2021; 26:611-616. [PMID: 33977496 PMCID: PMC8112475 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-021-01211-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A few reports suggest that molecular mimicry can have a role in determining the more severe and deadly forms of COVID-19, inducing endothelial damage, disseminated intravascular coagulation, and multiorgan failure. Heat shock proteins/molecular chaperones can be involved in these molecular mimicry phenomena. However, tumor cells can display on their surface heat shock proteins/molecular chaperones that are mimicked by SARS-CoV-2 molecules (including the Spike protein), similarly to what happens in other bacterial or viral infections. Since molecular mimicry between SARS-CoV-2 and tumoral proteins can elicit an immune reaction in which antibodies or cytotoxic cells produced against the virus cross-react with the tumor cells, we want to prompt clinical studies to evaluate the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on prognosis and follow up of various forms of tumors. These topics, including a brief historical overview, are discussed in this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Burgio
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (BIND), Institute of Human Anatomy and Histology, University of Palermo, 90141, Palermo, Italy
| | - Everly Conway de Macario
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland at Baltimore-Institute of Marine and Environmental Technology (IMET), Baltimore, MD, 21202, USA
| | - Alberto Jl Macario
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland at Baltimore-Institute of Marine and Environmental Technology (IMET), Baltimore, MD, 21202, USA
- Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology (IEMEST), 90139, Palermo, Italy
| | - Francesco Cappello
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (BIND), Institute of Human Anatomy and Histology, University of Palermo, 90141, Palermo, Italy.
- Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology (IEMEST), 90139, Palermo, Italy.
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7
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Efficient Heat Shock Response Affects Hyperthermia-Induced Radiosensitization in a Tumor Spheroid Control Probability Assay. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13133168. [PMID: 34201993 PMCID: PMC8269038 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13133168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperthermia (HT) combined with irradiation is a well-known concept to improve the curative potential of radiotherapy. Technological progress has opened new avenues for thermoradiotherapy, even for recurrent head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC). Preclinical evaluation of the curative radiosensitizing potential of various HT regimens remains ethically, economically, and technically challenging. One key objective of our study was to refine an advanced 3-D assay setup for HT + RT research and treatment testing. For the first time, HT-induced radiosensitization was systematically examined in two differently radioresponsive HNSCC spheroid models using the unique in vitro "curative" analytical endpoint of spheroid control probability. We further investigated the cellular stress response mechanisms underlying the HT-related radiosensitization process with the aim to unravel the impact of HT-induced proteotoxic stress on the overall radioresponse. HT disrupted the proteome's thermal stability, causing severe proteotoxic stress. It strongly enhanced radiation efficacy and affected paramount survival and stress response signaling networks. Transcriptomics, q-PCR, and western blotting data revealed that HT + RT co-treatment critically triggers the heat shock response (HSR). Pre-treatment with chemical chaperones intensified the radiosensitizing effect, thereby suppressing HT-induced Hsp27 expression. Our data suggest that HT-induced radiosensitization is adversely affected by the proteotoxic stress response. Hence, we propose the inhibition of particular heat shock proteins as a targeting strategy to improve the outcome of combinatorial HT + RT.
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8
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A Gene Expression Signature to Predict Nucleotide Excision Repair Defects and Novel Therapeutic Approaches. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22095008. [PMID: 34066883 PMCID: PMC8125907 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22095008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nucleotide excision repair (NER) resolves DNA adducts, such as those caused by ultraviolet light. Deficient NER (dNER) results in a higher mutation rate that can predispose to cancer development and premature ageing phenotypes. Here, we used isogenic dNER model cell lines to establish a gene expression signature that can accurately predict functional NER capacity in both cell lines and patient samples. Critically, none of the identified NER deficient cell lines harbored mutations in any NER genes, suggesting that the prevalence of NER defects may currently be underestimated. Identification of compounds that induce the dNER gene expression signature led to the discovery that NER can be functionally impaired by GSK3 inhibition, leading to synergy when combined with cisplatin treatment. Furthermore, we predicted and validated multiple novel drugs that are synthetically lethal with NER defects using the dNER gene signature as a drug discovery platform. Taken together, our work provides a dynamic predictor of NER function that may be applied for therapeutic stratification as well as development of novel biological insights in human tumors.
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9
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Hinchliffe A, Kogevinas M, Pérez-Gómez B, Ardanaz E, Amiano P, Marcos-Delgado A, Castaño-Vinyals G, Llorca J, Moreno V, Alguacil J, Fernandez-Tardón G, Salas D, Marcos-Gragera R, Aragonés N, Guevara M, Gil L, Martin V, Benavente Y, Gomez-Acebo I, Santibáñez M, Ángel Alba M, García AM, Pollán M, Turner MC. Occupational Heat Exposure and Breast Cancer Risk in the MCC-Spain Study. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020; 30:364-372. [PMID: 33268491 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-20-0732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mechanisms linking occupational heat exposure with chronic diseases have been proposed. However, evidence on occupational heat exposure and cancer risk is limited. METHODS We evaluated occupational heat exposure and female breast cancer risk in a large Spanish case-control study. We enrolled 1,738 breast cancer cases and 1,910 frequency-matched population controls. A Spanish job-exposure matrix, MatEmEsp, was used to assign estimates of the proportion of workers exposed (P ≥ 25% for at least 1 year) and work time with heat stress (wet bulb globe temperature ISO 7243) for each occupation. We used three exposure indices: ever versus never exposed, lifetime cumulative exposure, and duration of exposure (years). We estimated ORs and 95% confidence intervals (CI), applying a lag period of 5 years and adjusting for potential confounders. RESULTS Ever occupational heat exposure was associated with a moderate but statistically significant higher risk of breast cancer (OR 1.22; 95% CI, 1.01-1.46), with significant trends across categories of lifetime cumulative exposure and duration (P trend = 0.01 and 0.03, respectively). Stronger associations were found for hormone receptor-positive disease (OR ever exposure = 1.38; 95% CI, 1.12-1.67). We found no confounding effects from multiple other common occupational exposures; however, results attenuated with adjustment for occupational detergent exposure. CONCLUSIONS This study provides some evidence of an association between occupational heat exposure and female breast cancer risk. IMPACT Our results contribute substantially to the scientific literature. Further investigations are needed considering multiple occupational exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Hinchliffe
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manolis Kogevinas
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.,Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Beatriz Pérez-Gómez
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology of Chronic Diseases, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva Ardanaz
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Salud Pública de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Pilar Amiano
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,Public Health Division of Gipuzkoa, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Ministry of Health of the Basque Government, San Sebastian, Spain
| | | | - Gemma Castaño-Vinyals
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.,Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Javier Llorca
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,University of Cantabria - IDIVAL, Santander, Spain
| | - Víctor Moreno
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,Oncology Data Analytics Program (ODAP), Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO) and Oncobell Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Hospital Duran i Reynals, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan Alguacil
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación en Recursos Naturales, Salud y Medio Ambiente (RENSMA), Universidad de Huelva, Huelva, Spain
| | - Guillermo Fernandez-Tardón
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,Institute of Health Research of the Principality of Asturias (ISPA), Public Health Department, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Dolores Salas
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research of Valencia Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain.,General Directorate Public Health, Valencian Community, Valencia, Spain
| | - Rafael Marcos-Gragera
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,Epidemiology Unit and Girona Cancer Registry, Oncology Coordination Plan, Department of Health, Autonomous Government of Catalonia, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Girona, Spain.,Descriptive Epidemiology, Genetics and Cancer Prevention Group, Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Girona, Spain
| | - Nuria Aragonés
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,Epidemiology Section, Public Health Division, Department of Health of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marcela Guevara
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Salud Pública de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Leire Gil
- Public Health Division of Gipuzkoa, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Ministry of Health of the Basque Government, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Vicente Martin
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Biomedicina (IBIOMED)
| | - Yolanda Benavente
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,Unit of Infections and Cancer (UNIC), Cancer Epidemiology Research Programme, IDIBELL, Institut Català d'Oncologia, L'Hospitalet De Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ines Gomez-Acebo
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,University of Cantabria - IDIVAL, Santander, Spain
| | | | - Miguel Ángel Alba
- Industrial Hygiene Department, Quirón Prevención, S.L.U., Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana M García
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Universitat de València, València, Spain.,Center for Research in Occupational Health (CISAL), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marina Pollán
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology of Chronic Diseases, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Michelle C Turner
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain. .,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.,Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,McLaughlin Centre for Population Health Risk Assessment, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
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10
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Ahn HS, Yeom J, Yu J, Kwon YI, Kim JH, Kim K. Convergence of Plasma Metabolomics and Proteomics Analysis to Discover Signatures of High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12113447. [PMID: 33228226 PMCID: PMC7709037 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12113447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary In-time diagnosing ovarian cancer, intractable cancer that has no symptoms can increase the survival of women. The aim of this study was to discover biomarkers from liquid biopsy samples using multi-omics approach, metabolomics and proteomics for the diagnosis of ovarian cancer. To verify our biomarker candidates, we conducted comparative analysis with other previous published studies. Despite the limitations of non-invasive samples, our findings are able to discover emerging properties through the interplay between metabolites and proteins and mechanism-based biomarkers through integrated protein and metabolite analysis. Abstract The 5-year survival rate in the early and late stages of ovarian cancer differs by 63%. In addition, a liquid biopsy is necessary because there are no symptoms in the early stage and tissue collection is difficult without using invasive methods. Therefore, there is a need for biomarkers to achieve this goal. In this study, we found blood-based metabolite or protein biomarker candidates for the diagnosis of ovarian cancer in the 20 clinical samples (10 ovarian cancer patients and 10 healthy control subjects). Plasma metabolites and proteins were measured and quantified using mass spectrometry in ovarian cancer patients and control groups. We identified the differential abundant biomolecules (34 metabolites and 197 proteins) and statistically integrated molecules of different dimensions to better understand ovarian cancer signal transduction and to identify novel biological mechanisms. In addition, the biomarker reliability was verified through comparison with existing research results. Integrated analysis of metabolome and proteome identified emerging properties difficult to grasp with the single omics approach, more reliably interpreted the cancer signaling pathway, and explored new drug targets. Especially, through this analysis, proteins (PPCS, PMP2, and TUBB) and metabolites (L-carnitine and PC-O (30:0)) related to the carnitine system involved in cancer plasticity were identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee-Sung Ahn
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Korea; (H.-S.A.); (J.Y.)
| | - Jeonghun Yeom
- Convergence Medicine Research Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Korea;
| | - Jiyoung Yu
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Korea; (H.-S.A.); (J.Y.)
| | | | - Jae-Hoon Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 06237, Korea
- Correspondence: (J.-H.K.); (K.K.); Tel.: +82-2-2019-3436 (J.-H.K.); +82-2-1688-7575 (K.K.)
| | - Kyunggon Kim
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Korea; (H.-S.A.); (J.Y.)
- Convergence Medicine Research Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Korea;
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
- Clinical Proteomics Core Laboratory, Convergence Medicine Research Center, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Korea
- Bio-Medical Institute of Technology, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Korea
- Correspondence: (J.-H.K.); (K.K.); Tel.: +82-2-2019-3436 (J.-H.K.); +82-2-1688-7575 (K.K.)
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11
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Tundo GR, Sbardella D, Santoro AM, Coletta A, Oddone F, Grasso G, Milardi D, Lacal PM, Marini S, Purrello R, Graziani G, Coletta M. The proteasome as a druggable target with multiple therapeutic potentialities: Cutting and non-cutting edges. Pharmacol Ther 2020; 213:107579. [PMID: 32442437 PMCID: PMC7236745 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Ubiquitin Proteasome System (UPS) is an adaptable and finely tuned system that sustains proteostasis network under a large variety of physiopathological conditions. Its dysregulation is often associated with the onset and progression of human diseases; hence, UPS modulation has emerged as a promising new avenue for the development of treatments of several relevant pathologies, such as cancer and neurodegeneration. The clinical interest in proteasome inhibition has considerably increased after the FDA approval in 2003 of bortezomib for relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma, which is now used in the front-line setting. Thereafter, two other proteasome inhibitors (carfilzomib and ixazomib), designed to overcome resistance to bortezomib, have been approved for treatment-experienced patients, and a variety of novel inhibitors are currently under preclinical and clinical investigation not only for haematological malignancies but also for solid tumours. However, since UPS collapse leads to toxic misfolded proteins accumulation, proteasome is attracting even more interest as a target for the care of neurodegenerative diseases, which are sustained by UPS impairment. Thus, conceptually, proteasome activation represents an innovative and largely unexplored target for drug development. According to a multidisciplinary approach, spanning from chemistry, biochemistry, molecular biology to pharmacology, this review will summarize the most recent available literature regarding different aspects of proteasome biology, focusing on structure, function and regulation of proteasome in physiological and pathological processes, mostly cancer and neurodegenerative diseases, connecting biochemical features and clinical studies of proteasome targeting drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- G R Tundo
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
| | | | - A M Santoro
- CNR, Institute of Crystallography, Catania, Italy
| | - A Coletta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - F Oddone
- IRCCS-Fondazione Bietti, Rome, Italy
| | - G Grasso
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - D Milardi
- CNR, Institute of Crystallography, Catania, Italy
| | - P M Lacal
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, IDI-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - S Marini
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - R Purrello
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - G Graziani
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
| | - M Coletta
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
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12
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Hoter A, Naim HY. Heat Shock Proteins and Ovarian Cancer: Important Roles and Therapeutic Opportunities. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:E1389. [PMID: 31540420 PMCID: PMC6769485 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11091389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is a serious cause of death in gynecological oncology. Delayed diagnosis and poor survival rates associated with late stages of the disease are major obstacles against treatment efforts. Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are stress responsive molecules known to be crucial in many cancer types including ovarian cancer. Clusterin (CLU), a unique chaperone protein with analogous oncogenic criteria to HSPs, has also been proven to confer resistance to anti-cancer drugs. Indeed, these chaperone molecules have been implicated in diagnosis, prognosis, metastasis and aggressiveness of various cancers. However, relative to other cancers, there is limited body of knowledge about the molecular roles of these chaperones in ovarian cancer. In the current review, we shed light on the diverse roles of HSPs as well as related chaperone proteins like CLU in the pathogenesis of ovarian cancer and elucidate their potential as effective drug targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Hoter
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry of Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt.
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany.
| | - Hassan Y Naim
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany.
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13
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Abstract
Faithful duplication of the genome is critical for the survival of an organism and prevention of malignant transformation. Accurate replication of a large amount of genetic information in a timely manner is one of the most challenging cellular processes and is often perturbed by intrinsic and extrinsic barriers to DNA replication fork progression, a phenomenon referred to as DNA replication stress. Elevated DNA replication stress is a primary source of genomic instability and one of the key hallmarks of cancer. Therefore, targeting DNA replication stress is an emerging concept for cancer therapy. The replication machinery associated with PCNA and other regulatory factors coordinates the synthesis and repair of DNA strands at the replication fork. The dynamic interaction of replication protein complexes with DNA is essential for sensing and responding to various signaling events relevant to DNA replication and damage. Thus, the disruption of the spatiotemporal regulation of protein homeostasis at the replication fork impairs genome integrity, which often involves the deregulation of ubiquitin-mediated proteolytic signaling. Notably, emerging evidence has highlighted the role of the AAA+ATPase VCP/p97 in extracting ubiquitinated protein substrates from the chromatin and facilitating the turnover of genome surveillance factors during DNA replication and repair. Here, we review recent advances in our understanding of chromatin-associated degradation pathways at the replication fork and the implication of these findings for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Rageul
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York, 11794, USA
| | - Alexandra S Weinheimer
- Biochemistry and Structural Biology graduate program, Stony Brook University, New York 11794, USA
| | - Jennifer J Park
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York, 11794, USA
| | - Hyungjin Kim
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York, 11794, USA; Stony Brook Cancer Center, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, 11794, USA.
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14
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Mutant p53 and Cellular Stress Pathways: A Criminal Alliance That Promotes Cancer Progression. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11050614. [PMID: 31052524 PMCID: PMC6563084 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11050614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 04/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The capability of cancer cells to manage stress induced by hypoxia, nutrient shortage, acidosis, redox imbalance, loss of calcium homeostasis and exposure to drugs is a key factor to ensure cancer survival and chemoresistance. Among the protective mechanisms utilized by cancer cells to cope with stress a pivotal role is played by the activation of heat shock proteins (HSP) response, anti-oxidant response induced by nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2), the hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1), the unfolded protein response (UPR) and autophagy, cellular processes strictly interconnected. However, depending on the type, intensity or duration of cellular stress, the balance between pro-survival and pro-death pathways may change, and cell survival may be shifted into cell death. Mutations of p53 (mutp53), occurring in more than 50% of human cancers, may confer oncogenic gain-of-function (GOF) to the protein, mainly due to its stabilization and interaction with the above reported cellular pathways that help cancer cells to adapt to stress. This review will focus on the interplay of mutp53 with HSPs, NRF2, UPR, and autophagy and discuss how the manipulation of these interconnected processes may tip the balance towards cell death or survival, particularly in response to therapies.
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15
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Wang Q, Zhang YC, Zhu LF, Pan L, Yu M, Shen WL, Li B, Zhang W, Liu LK. Heat shock factor 1 in cancer-associated fibroblasts is a potential prognostic factor and drives progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer Sci 2019; 110:1790-1803. [PMID: 30843645 PMCID: PMC6501034 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Revised: 02/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) is highly expressed in various malignancies and is a potential modulator of tumor progression. Emerging evidence suggests that HSF1 activation in stromal cells is closely related to poor patient prognosis. However, the role of HSF1 in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remains elusive. We aimed to investigate the function of HSF1 in cancer‐associated fibroblasts (CAFs) of the tumor microenvironment (TME) and in tumor development. In the present study, we found that HSF1 was highly expressed in both CAFs and tumor cells, and was significantly correlated with poor prognosis and overall survival. Moreover, HSF1 overexpression in CAFs resulted in a fibroblast‐like phenotype of Cal27 cells, induced epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT), and promoted proliferation, migration and invasion in Cal27 cells. HSF1 knockdown attenuated features of CAFs and reduced EMT, proliferation, migration and invasion in Cal27 cells. Furthermore, HSF1 in CAFs promoted tumor growth in nude mice. Taken together, these data suggest that HSF1 expression in CAFs drive OSCC progression, and could serve as an independent prognostic marker of patients with OSCC. Thus, HSF1 is a potent mediator of OSCC malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Basic Science of Stomatology, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu-Chao Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Li-Fang Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Lu Pan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Basic Science of Stomatology, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Miao Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Basic Science of Stomatology, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei-Li Shen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Basic Science of Stomatology, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bang Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Orthodontics of Stomatology, Hefei Stomatological Hospital, Hefei, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Basic Science of Stomatology, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lai-Kui Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Basic Science of Stomatology, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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16
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Echeverria PC, Bhattacharya K, Joshi A, Wang T, Picard D. The sensitivity to Hsp90 inhibitors of both normal and oncogenically transformed cells is determined by the equilibrium between cellular quiescence and activity. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0208287. [PMID: 30726209 PMCID: PMC6364869 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0208287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The molecular chaperone Hsp90 is an essential and highly abundant central node in the interactome of eukaryotic cells. Many of its large number of client proteins are relevant to cancer. A hallmark of Hsp90-dependent proteins is that their accumulation is compromised by Hsp90 inhibitors. Combined with the anecdotal observation that cancer cells may be more sensitive to Hsp90 inhibitors, this has led to clinical trials aiming to develop Hsp90 inhibitors as anti-cancer agents. However, the sensitivity to Hsp90 inhibitors has not been studied in rigorously matched normal versus cancer cells, and despite the discovery of important regulators of Hsp90 activity and inhibitor sensitivity, it has remained unclear, why cancer cells might be more sensitive. To revisit this issue more systematically, we have generated an isogenic pair of normal and oncogenically transformed NIH-3T3 cell lines. Our proteomic analysis of the impact of three chemically different Hsp90 inhibitors shows that these affect a substantial portion of the oncogenic program and that indeed, transformed cells are hypersensitive. Targeting the oncogenic signaling pathway reverses the hypersensitivity, and so do inhibitors of DNA replication, cell growth, translation and energy metabolism. Conversely, stimulating normal cells with growth factors or challenging their proteostasis by overexpressing an aggregation-prone sensitizes them to Hsp90 inhibitors. Thus, the differential sensitivity to Hsp90 inhibitors may not stem from any particular intrinsic difference between normal and cancer cells, but rather from a shift in the balance between cellular quiescence and activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo C. Echeverria
- Département de Biologie Cellulaire, Université de Genève, Sciences III, Genève, Switzerland
| | - Kaushik Bhattacharya
- Département de Biologie Cellulaire, Université de Genève, Sciences III, Genève, Switzerland
| | - Abhinav Joshi
- Département de Biologie Cellulaire, Université de Genève, Sciences III, Genève, Switzerland
| | - Tai Wang
- Département de Biologie Cellulaire, Université de Genève, Sciences III, Genève, Switzerland
| | - Didier Picard
- Département de Biologie Cellulaire, Université de Genève, Sciences III, Genève, Switzerland
- * E-mail:
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17
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Contreras L, Calderon RI, Varela-Ramirez A, Zhang HY, Quan Y, Das U, Dimmock JR, Skouta R, Aguilera RJ. Induction of apoptosis via proteasome inhibition in leukemia/lymphoma cells by two potent piperidones. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2018; 41:623-636. [PMID: 30088262 PMCID: PMC6241245 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-018-0397-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Previously, compounds containing a piperidone structure have been shown to be highly cytotoxic to cancer cells. Recently, we found that the piperidone compound P2 exhibits a potent anti-neoplastic activity against human breast cancer-derived cells. Here, we aimed to evaluate two piperidone compounds, P1 and P2, for their potential anti-neoplastic activity against human leukemia/lymphoma-derived cells. METHODS Cytotoxicity and apoptosis induction were evaluated using MTS, annexin V-FITC/PI and mitochondrial membrane potential polychromatic assays to confirm the mode of action of the piperidone compounds. The effects of compound P1 and P2 treatment on gene expression were assessed using AmpliSeq analysis and, subsequently, confirmed by RT-qPCR and Western blotting. RESULTS We found that the two related piperidone compounds P1 and P2 selectively killed the leukemia/lymphoma cells tested at nanomolar concentrations through induction of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway, as demonstrated by mitochondrial depolarization and caspase-3 activation. AmpliSeq-based transcriptome analyses of the effects of compounds P1 and P2 on HL-60 acute leukemia cells revealed a differential expression of hundreds of genes, 358 of which were found to be affected by both. Additional pathway analyses revealed that a significant number of the common genes were related to the unfolded protein response, implying a possible role of the two compounds in the induction of proteotoxic stress. Subsequent analyses of the transcriptome data revealed that P1 and P2 induced similar gene expression alterations as other well-known proteasome inhibitors. Finally, we found that Noxa, an important mediator of the activity of proteasome inhibitors, was significantly upregulated at both the mRNA and protein levels, indicating a possible role in the cytotoxic mechanism induced by P1 and P2. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicate that the cytotoxic activity of P1 and P2 on leukemia/lymphoma cells is mediated by proteasome inhibition, leading to activation of pro-apoptotic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisett Contreras
- Department of Biological Sciences and Border Biomedical Research Center, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, TX, 79968-0519, USA
| | - Ruben I Calderon
- Department of Biological Sciences and Border Biomedical Research Center, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, TX, 79968-0519, USA
| | - Armando Varela-Ramirez
- Department of Biological Sciences and Border Biomedical Research Center, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, TX, 79968-0519, USA
| | - Hong-Yu Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Agricultural Bioinformatics, College of Informatics, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Quan
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Agricultural Bioinformatics, College of Informatics, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Umashankar Das
- Drug Discovery and Development Research Group, College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Jonathan R Dimmock
- Drug Discovery and Development Research Group, College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Rachid Skouta
- Department of Chemistry, Border Biomedical Research Center, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, TX, 79968-0519, USA
- Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003-9297, USA
| | - Renato J Aguilera
- Department of Biological Sciences and Border Biomedical Research Center, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, TX, 79968-0519, USA.
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18
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Paul S, Ghosh S, Mandal S, Sau S, Pal M. NRF2 transcriptionally activates the heat shock factor 1 promoter under oxidative stress and affects survival and migration potential of MCF7 cells. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:19303-19316. [PMID: 30309986 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.003376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Functional up-regulation of heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) activity through different posttranslational modifications has been implicated in the survival and proliferation of various cancers. It is increasingly recognized that the HSF1 gene is also up-regulated at the transcriptional level, a phenomenon correlated with poor prognosis for patients with different cancers, including breast cancer. Here, we analyzed the transcriptional up-regulation of HSF1 in human cells upon arsenite- or peroxide-induced oxidative stress. Sequential promoter truncation coupled with bioinformatics analysis revealed that this activation is mediated by two antioxidant response elements (AREs) located between 1707 and 1530 bp upstream of the transcription start site of the HSF1 gene. Using shRNA-mediated down-regulation, ChIP of NRF2, site-directed mutagenesis of the AREs, and DNase I footprinting of the HSF1 promoter, we confirmed that nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-like 2 (NRF2, also known as NFE2L2) interacts with these AREs and up-regulates HSF1 expression. We also found that BRM/SWI2-related gene 1 (BRG1), a catalytic subunit of SWI2/SNF2-like chromatin remodeler, is involved in this process. We further show that NRF2-dependent HSF1 gene regulation plays a crucial role in cancer cell biology, as interference with NRF2-mediated HSF1 activation compromised survival, migration potential, and the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and autophagy in MCF7 breast cancer cells exposed to oxidative stress. Taken together, our findings unravel the mechanistic basis of HSF1 gene regulation in cancer cells and provide molecular evidence supporting a direct interaction between HSF1 and NRF2, critical regulators of two cytoprotective mechanisms exploited by cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sukhendu Mandal
- Department of Biochemistry, Bose Institute, P1/12 CIT Scheme VIIM, Kolkata, India 700054
| | - Subrata Sau
- Department of Biochemistry, Bose Institute, P1/12 CIT Scheme VIIM, Kolkata, India 700054
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19
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Ali A, Biswas A, Pal M. HSF1 mediated TNF‐α production during proteotoxic stress response pioneers proinflammatory signal in human cells. FASEB J 2018; 33:2621-2635. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.201801482r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Asif Ali
- Division of Molecular MedicineBose InstituteKolkataIndia
| | | | - Mahadeb Pal
- Division of Molecular MedicineBose InstituteKolkataIndia
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20
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Abstract
From bacteria to humans, ancient stress responses enable organisms to contend with damage to both the genome and the proteome. These pathways have long been viewed as fundamentally separate responses. Yet recent discoveries from multiple fields have revealed surprising links between the two. Many DNA-damaging agents also target proteins, and mutagenesis induced by DNA damage produces variant proteins that are prone to misfolding, degradation, and aggregation. Likewise, recent studies have observed pervasive engagement of a p53-mediated response, and other factors linked to maintenance of genomic integrity, in response to misfolded protein stress. Perhaps most remarkably, protein aggregation and self-assembly has now been observed in multiple proteins that regulate the DNA damage response. The importance of these connections is highlighted by disease models of both cancer and neurodegeneration, in which compromised DNA repair machinery leads to profound defects in protein quality control, and vice versa.
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21
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Corcoles-Saez I, Dong K, Johnson AL, Waskiewicz E, Costanzo M, Boone C, Cha RS. Essential Function of Mec1, the Budding Yeast ATM/ATR Checkpoint-Response Kinase, in Protein Homeostasis. Dev Cell 2018; 46:495-503.e2. [DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2018.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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22
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Levin A, Minis A, Lalazar G, Rodriguez J, Steller H. PSMD5 Inactivation Promotes 26S Proteasome Assembly during Colorectal Tumor Progression. Cancer Res 2018; 78:3458-3468. [PMID: 29716915 PMCID: PMC6030489 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-17-2296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Revised: 12/29/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Protein degradation by the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) is central to protein homeostasis and cell survival. The active 26S proteasome is a large protease complex consisting of a catalytic 20S subunit and 19S regulatory particles. Cancer cells are exposed to considerable protein overload due to high metabolic rates, reprogrammed energy metabolism, and aneuploidy. Here we report a mechanism that facilitates the assembly of active 26S proteasomes in malignant cells. Upon tumorigenic transformation of the gut epithelium, 26S proteasome assembly was significantly enhanced, but levels of individual subunits were not changed. This enhanced assembly of 26S proteasomes increased further with tumor progression and was observed specifically in transformed cells, but not in other rapidly dividing cells. Moreover, expression of PSMD5, an inhibitor of proteasome assembly, was reduced in intestinal tumors and silenced with tumor progression. Reexpression of PSMD5 in tumor cells caused decreased 26S assembly and accumulation of polyubiquitinated proteins. These results suggest that inhibition of cancer-associated proteasome assembly may provide a novel therapeutic strategy to selectively kill cancer cells.Significance: Enhanced cancer-associated proteasome assembly is a major stress response that allows tumors to adapt to and to withstand protein overload.Graphical Abstract: http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/canres/78/13/3458/F1.large.jpg Cancer Res; 78(13); 3458-68. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avi Levin
- Strang Laboratory of Apoptosis and Cancer Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York.
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Adi Minis
- Strang Laboratory of Apoptosis and Cancer Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York
| | - Gadi Lalazar
- Laboratory of Cellular Biophysics, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York
| | - Jose Rodriguez
- Strang Laboratory of Apoptosis and Cancer Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York
| | - Hermann Steller
- Strang Laboratory of Apoptosis and Cancer Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York.
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23
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Dai C. The heat-shock, or HSF1-mediated proteotoxic stress, response in cancer: from proteomic stability to oncogenesis. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2018; 373:rstb.2016.0525. [PMID: 29203710 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2016.0525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The heat-shock, or HSF1-mediated proteotoxic stress, response (HSR/HPSR) is characterized by induction of heat-shock proteins (HSPs). As molecular chaperones, HSPs facilitate the folding, assembly, transportation and degradation of other proteins. In mammals, heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) is the master regulator of this ancient transcriptional programme. Upon proteotoxic insults, the HSR/HPSR is essential to proteome homeostasis, or proteostasis, thereby resisting stress and antagonizing protein misfolding diseases and ageing. Contrasting with these benefits, an unexpected pro-oncogenic role of the HSR/HPSR is unfolding. Whereas HSF1 remains latent in primary cells without stress, it becomes constitutively activated within malignant cells, rendering them addicted to HSF1 for their growth and survival. Highlighting the HSR/HPSR as an integral component of the oncogenic network, several key pathways governing HSF1 activation by environmental stressors are causally implicated in malignancy. Importantly, HSF1 impacts the cancer proteome systemically. By suppressing tumour-suppressive amyloidogenesis, HSF1 preserves cancer proteostasis to support the malignant state, both providing insight into how HSF1 enables tumorigenesis and suggesting disruption of cancer proteostasis as a therapeutic strategy. This review provides an overview of the role of HSF1 in oncogenesis, mechanisms underlying its constitutive activation within cancer cells and its pro-oncogenic action, as well as potential HSF1-targeting strategies.This article is part of the theme issue 'Heat shock proteins as modulators and therapeutic targets of chronic disease: an integrated perspective'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengkai Dai
- Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, Center for Cancer Research NCI-Frederick, Building 560, Room 32-31b, 1050 Boyles Street, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
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Wawrzynow B, Zylicz A, Zylicz M. Chaperoning the guardian of the genome. The two-faced role of molecular chaperones in p53 tumor suppressor action. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2018; 1869:161-174. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2017.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Revised: 12/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Higuchi-Sanabria R, Frankino PA, Paul JW, Tronnes SU, Dillin A. A Futile Battle? Protein Quality Control and the Stress of Aging. Dev Cell 2018; 44:139-163. [PMID: 29401418 PMCID: PMC5896312 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2017.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Revised: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
There exists a phenomenon in aging research whereby early life stress can have positive impacts on longevity. The mechanisms underlying these observations suggest a robust, long-lasting induction of cellular defense mechanisms. These include the various unfolded protein responses of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), cytosol, and mitochondria. Indeed, ectopic induction of these pathways, in the absence of stress, is sufficient to increase lifespan in organisms as diverse as yeast, worms, and flies. Here, we provide an overview of the protein quality control mechanisms that operate in the cytosol, mitochondria, and ER and discuss how they affect cellular health and viability during stress and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Higuchi-Sanabria
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Phillip Andrew Frankino
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Joseph West Paul
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Sarah Uhlein Tronnes
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Andrew Dillin
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; The Glenn Center for Aging Research, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
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Garg G, Forsberg LK, Zhao H, Blagg BSJ. Development of Phenyl Cyclohexylcarboxamides as a Novel Class of Hsp90 C-terminal Inhibitors. Chemistry 2017; 23:16574-16585. [PMID: 28940589 PMCID: PMC5724527 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201703206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Inhibition of the heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) C-terminus represents a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of cancer. Novobiocin, a coumarin antibiotic, was the first Hsp90 C-terminal inhibitor identified, however, it manifested poor anti-proliferative activity (SKBr3, IC50 ≈700 μm). Subsequent structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies on novobiocin led to development of several analogues that exhibited improved anti-proliferative activity against several cancer cell lines. Recent studies demonstrate that the biphenyl core could be used in lieu of the coumarin ring system, which resulted in more efficacious analogues. In continuation of previous efforts, the work described herein has identified the phenyl cyclohexyl core as a novel scaffold for Hsp90 C-terminal inhibition. Structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies on this scaffold led to the development of compounds that manifest mid-nanomolar activity against SKBr3 and MCF-7 breast cancer cell lines through Hsp90 inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Garg
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, 1251 Wescoe Hall Drive, Malott 4070, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045-7563, USA
| | - Leah K. Forsberg
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, 1251 Wescoe Hall Drive, Malott 4070, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045-7563, USA
| | - Huiping Zhao
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, 1251 Wescoe Hall Drive, Malott 4070, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045-7563, USA
| | - Brian S. J. Blagg
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, 1251 Wescoe Hall Drive, Malott 4070, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045-7563, USA
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Rashmi KC, Atreya HS, Harsha Raj M, Salimath BP, Aparna HS. A pyrrole-based natural small molecule mitigates HSP90 expression in MDA-MB-231 cells and inhibits tumor angiogenesis in mice by inactivating HSF-1. Cell Stress Chaperones 2017; 22:751-766. [PMID: 28717943 PMCID: PMC5573693 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-017-0802-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2017] [Revised: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat shock proteins (HSPs), molecular chaperones, are crucial for the cancer cells to facilitate proper functioning of various oncoproteins involved in cell survival, proliferation, migration, and tumor angiogenesis. Tumor cells are said to be "addicted" to HSPs. HSPs are overexpressed in many cancers due to upregulation of transcription factor Heat-shock factor 1 (HSF-1), the multifaceted master regulator of heat shock response. Therefore, pharmacological targeting of HSPs via HSF-1 is an effective strategy to treat malignant cancers like triple negative breast cancer. In the current study, we evaluated the efficacy of a pyrrole derivative [bis(2-ethylhexyl)1H-pyrrole-3,4-dicarboxylate], TCCP, purified from leaves of Tinospora cordifolia for its ability to suppress heat shock response and angiogenesis using MDA-MB-231 cells and the murine mammary carcinoma: Ehrlich ascites tumor model. HSP90 was downregulated by TCCP by inactivation of HSF-1 resulting in inhibition of tumor cell proliferation, VEGF-induced cell migration, and concomitant decrease in tumor burden and neo-angiogenesis in vivo. The mechanism of suppression of HSPs involves inactivation of PI3K/Akt and phosphorylation on serine 307 of HSF-1 by the activation of ERK1. HSF-1 and HSP90 and 70 localization and expression were ascertained by immunolocalization, immunoblotting, and qPCR experiments. The anti-angiogenic effect of TCCP was studied in vivo in tumor-bearing mice and ex vivo using rat corneal micro-pocket assay. All the results thus corroborate the logic behind inactivating HSF-1 using TCCP as an alternative approach for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- K C Rashmi
- Department of Studies in Biotechnology, University of Mysore, Mysuru, Karnataka, 570 006, India
| | - H S Atreya
- NMR Research Centre, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, 560 012, India
| | - M Harsha Raj
- Department of Studies in Biotechnology, University of Mysore, Mysuru, Karnataka, 570 006, India
| | - Bharathi P Salimath
- Department of Studies in Biotechnology, University of Mysore, Mysuru, Karnataka, 570 006, India
| | - H S Aparna
- Department of Studies in Biotechnology, University of Mysore, Mysuru, Karnataka, 570 006, India.
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tRNA Modification: Is Cancer Having a Wobble? Trends Cancer 2017; 3:249-252. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2017.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2016] [Revised: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Garg G, Zhao H, Blagg BSJ. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of alkylamino biphenylamides as Hsp90 C-terminal inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2017; 25:451-457. [PMID: 27914946 PMCID: PMC5214847 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2016.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Revised: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hsp90 is a promising therapeutic target for the development of anti-cancer agents due to its integral role in the stability and function of proteins associated with all ten hallmarks of cancer. Novobiocin, a coumarin antibiotic, was the first natural product identified that targeted the Hsp90 C-terminal domain and manifested anti-proliferative activity (SKBr3 IC50∼700μM). Subsequent structural investigations on novobiocin led to analogues with significantly improved anti-proliferative activity against multiple cancer cell lines. In an effort to develop more efficacious and diverse analogues, it was recently found that the coumarin ring of novobiocin could be replaced with the biphenyl core without compromising activity. Based on these prior studies, a series of alkylamino biphenylamides was designed, synthesized and evaluated for anti-proliferative activity against two breast cancer cell lines. SAR studies demonstrated that the incorporation of an alkylamino side chain onto the biphenyl core improved anti-proliferative activity and resulted in compounds that exhibit sub-micromolar to mid-nanomolar activity through Hsp90 inhibition. Importantly, these studies indicate the presence of a hydrophilic region about the central core that can be exploited for the design of new inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Garg
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, 1251 Wescoe Hall Drive, Malott 4070, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045-7563, USA
| | - Huiping Zhao
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, 1251 Wescoe Hall Drive, Malott 4070, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045-7563, USA
| | - Brian S J Blagg
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, 1251 Wescoe Hall Drive, Malott 4070, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045-7563, USA.
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Halbrook CJ, Lyssiotis CA. Employing Metabolism to Improve the Diagnosis and Treatment of Pancreatic Cancer. Cancer Cell 2017; 31:5-19. [PMID: 28073003 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2016.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 256] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Revised: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is on pace to become the second leading cause of cancer-related death. The high mortality rate results from a lack of methods for early detection and the inability to successfully treat patients once diagnosed. Pancreatic cancer cells have extensively reprogrammed metabolism, which is driven by oncogene-mediated cell-autonomous pathways, the unique physiology of the tumor microenvironment, and interactions with non-cancer cells. In this review, we discuss how recent efforts delineating rewired metabolic networks in pancreatic cancer have revealed new in-roads to develop detection and treatment strategies for this dreadful disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Halbrook
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Costas A Lyssiotis
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
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31
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Su KH, Dai C. Metabolic control of the proteotoxic stress response: implications in diabetes mellitus and neurodegenerative disorders. Cell Mol Life Sci 2016; 73:4231-4248. [PMID: 27289378 PMCID: PMC5599143 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-016-2291-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2015] [Revised: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Proteome homeostasis, or proteostasis, is essential to maintain cellular fitness and its disturbance is associated with a broad range of human health conditions and diseases. Cells are constantly challenged by various extrinsic and intrinsic insults, which perturb cellular proteostasis and provoke proteotoxic stress. To counter proteomic perturbations and preserve proteostasis, cells mobilize the proteotoxic stress response (PSR), an evolutionarily conserved transcriptional program mediated by heat shock factor 1 (HSF1). The HSF1-mediated PSR guards the proteome against misfolding and aggregation. In addition to proteotoxic stress, emerging studies reveal that this proteostatic mechanism also responds to cellular energy state. This regulation is mediated by the key cellular metabolic sensor AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). In this review, we present an overview of the maintenance of proteostasis by HSF1, the metabolic regulation of the PSR, particularly focusing on AMPK, and their implications in the two major age-related diseases-diabetes mellitus and neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo-Hui Su
- The Jackson Laboratory, 600 Main Street, Bar Harbor, ME, 04609, USA
| | - Chengkai Dai
- The Jackson Laboratory, 600 Main Street, Bar Harbor, ME, 04609, USA.
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Hussong M, Kaehler C, Kerick M, Grimm C, Franz A, Timmermann B, Welzel F, Isensee J, Hucho T, Krobitsch S, Schweiger MR. The bromodomain protein BRD4 regulates splicing during heat shock. Nucleic Acids Res 2016; 45:382-394. [PMID: 27536004 PMCID: PMC5224492 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkw729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Revised: 08/05/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The cellular response to heat stress is an ancient and evolutionarily highly conserved defence mechanism characterised by the transcriptional up-regulation of cyto-protective genes and a partial inhibition of splicing. These features closely resemble the proteotoxic stress response during tumor development. The bromodomain protein BRD4 has been identified as an integral member of the oxidative stress as well as of the inflammatory response, mainly due to its role in the transcriptional regulation process. In addition, there are also several lines of evidence implicating BRD4 in the splicing process. Using RNA-sequencing we found a significant increase in splicing inhibition, in particular intron retentions (IR), following heat treatment in BRD4-depleted cells. This leads to a decrease of mRNA abundancy of the affected transcripts, most likely due to premature termination codons. Subsequent experiments revealed that BRD4 interacts with the heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) such that under heat stress BRD4 is recruited to nuclear stress bodies and non-coding SatIII RNA transcripts are up-regulated. These findings implicate BRD4 as an important regulator of splicing during heat stress. Our data which links BRD4 to the stress induced splicing process may provide novel mechanisms of BRD4 inhibitors in regard to anti-cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Hussong
- Department of Vertebrate Genomics, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Ihnestr.63-73, 14195 Berlin, Germany.,Department of Biology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Free University Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany.,Functional Epigenomics, CCG, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Weyertal 115b, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Christian Kaehler
- Department of Biology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Free University Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany.,Otto-Warburg Laboratory 'Neurodegenerative disorders', Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Ihnestr. 63-73, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Kerick
- Department of Vertebrate Genomics, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Ihnestr.63-73, 14195 Berlin, Germany.,Functional Epigenomics, CCG, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Weyertal 115b, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Christina Grimm
- Functional Epigenomics, CCG, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Weyertal 115b, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Alexandra Franz
- Department of Vertebrate Genomics, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Ihnestr.63-73, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Bernd Timmermann
- Sequencing Core Facility, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Ihnestr. 63-73, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Franziska Welzel
- Otto-Warburg Laboratory 'Neurodegenerative disorders', Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Ihnestr. 63-73, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jörg Isensee
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Experimental Anesthesiology and Pain Research, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Tim Hucho
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Experimental Anesthesiology and Pain Research, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Sylvia Krobitsch
- Otto-Warburg Laboratory 'Neurodegenerative disorders', Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Ihnestr. 63-73, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Michal R Schweiger
- Department of Vertebrate Genomics, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Ihnestr.63-73, 14195 Berlin, Germany .,Functional Epigenomics, CCG, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Weyertal 115b, 50931 Cologne, Germany
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Rye CS, Chessum NEA, Lamont S, Pike KG, Faulder P, Demeritt J, Kemmitt P, Tucker J, Zani L, Cheeseman MD, Isaac R, Goodwin L, Boros J, Raynaud F, Hayes A, Henley AT, de Billy E, Lynch CJ, Sharp SY, Te Poele R, Fee LO, Foote KM, Green S, Workman P, Jones K. Discovery of 4,6-disubstituted pyrimidines as potent inhibitors of the heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) stress pathway and CDK9. MEDCHEMCOMM 2016; 7:1580-1586. [PMID: 27746890 PMCID: PMC5048338 DOI: 10.1039/c6md00159a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) is a transcription factor that plays key roles in cancer, including providing a mechanism for cell survival under proteotoxic stress. Therefore, inhibition of the HSF1-stress pathway represents an exciting new opportunity in cancer treatment. We employed an unbiased phenotypic screen to discover inhibitors of the HSF1-stress pathway. Using this approach we identified an initial hit (1) based on a 4,6-pyrimidine scaffold (2.00 μM). Optimisation of cellular SAR led to an inhibitor with improved potency (25, 15 nM) in the HSF1 phenotypic assay. The 4,6-pyrimidine 25 was also shown to have high potency against the CDK9 enzyme (3 nM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Carl S Rye
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit , The Institute of Cancer Research , London SW7 3RP , UK . ;
| | - Nicola E A Chessum
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit , The Institute of Cancer Research , London SW7 3RP , UK . ;
| | - Scott Lamont
- AstraZeneca , Alderley Park , Macclesfield , Cheshire , SK10 4TG , UK
| | - Kurt G Pike
- AstraZeneca , Alderley Park , Macclesfield , Cheshire , SK10 4TG , UK
| | - Paul Faulder
- AstraZeneca , Alderley Park , Macclesfield , Cheshire , SK10 4TG , UK
| | - Julie Demeritt
- AstraZeneca , Alderley Park , Macclesfield , Cheshire , SK10 4TG , UK
| | - Paul Kemmitt
- AstraZeneca , Alderley Park , Macclesfield , Cheshire , SK10 4TG , UK
| | - Julie Tucker
- AstraZeneca , Alderley Park , Macclesfield , Cheshire , SK10 4TG , UK
| | - Lorenzo Zani
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit , The Institute of Cancer Research , London SW7 3RP , UK . ;
| | - Matthew D Cheeseman
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit , The Institute of Cancer Research , London SW7 3RP , UK . ;
| | - Rosie Isaac
- AstraZeneca , Alderley Park , Macclesfield , Cheshire , SK10 4TG , UK
| | - Louise Goodwin
- AstraZeneca , Alderley Park , Macclesfield , Cheshire , SK10 4TG , UK
| | - Joanna Boros
- AstraZeneca , Alderley Park , Macclesfield , Cheshire , SK10 4TG , UK
| | - Florence Raynaud
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit , The Institute of Cancer Research , London SW7 3RP , UK . ;
| | - Angela Hayes
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit , The Institute of Cancer Research , London SW7 3RP , UK . ;
| | - Alan T Henley
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit , The Institute of Cancer Research , London SW7 3RP , UK . ;
| | - Emmanuel de Billy
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit , The Institute of Cancer Research , London SW7 3RP , UK . ;
| | - Christopher J Lynch
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit , The Institute of Cancer Research , London SW7 3RP , UK . ;
| | - Swee Y Sharp
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit , The Institute of Cancer Research , London SW7 3RP , UK . ;
| | - Robert Te Poele
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit , The Institute of Cancer Research , London SW7 3RP , UK . ;
| | - Lisa O' Fee
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit , The Institute of Cancer Research , London SW7 3RP , UK . ;
| | - Kevin M Foote
- AstraZeneca , Alderley Park , Macclesfield , Cheshire , SK10 4TG , UK
| | - Stephen Green
- AstraZeneca , Alderley Park , Macclesfield , Cheshire , SK10 4TG , UK
| | - Paul Workman
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit , The Institute of Cancer Research , London SW7 3RP , UK . ;
| | - Keith Jones
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit , The Institute of Cancer Research , London SW7 3RP , UK . ;
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Tomasella A, Picco R, Ciotti S, Sgorbissa A, Bianchi E, Manfredini R, Benedetti F, Trimarco V, Frezzato F, Trentin L, Semenzato G, Delia D, Brancolini C. The isopeptidase inhibitor 2cPE triggers proteotoxic stress and ATM activation in chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells. Oncotarget 2016; 7:45429-45443. [PMID: 27259251 PMCID: PMC5216732 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2015] [Accepted: 05/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Relapse after treatment is a common and unresolved problem for patients suffering of the B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL). Here we investigated the ability of the isopeptidase inhibitor 2cPE to trigger apoptosis in leukemia cells in comparison with bortezomib, another inhibitor of the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS). Both inhibitors trigger apoptosis in CLL B cells and gene expression profiles studies denoted how a substantial part of genes up-regulated by these compounds are elements of adaptive responses, aimed to sustain cell survival. 2cPE treatment elicits the up-regulation of chaperones, proteasomal subunits and elements of the anti-oxidant response. Selective inhibition of these responses augments apoptosis in response to 2cPE treatment. We have also observed that the product of the ataxia telangiectasia mutated gene (ATM) is activated in 2cPE treated cells. Stimulation of ATM signaling is possibly dependent on the alteration of the redox homeostasis. Importantly ATM inhibition, mutations or down-modulation increase cell death in response to 2cPE. Overall this work suggests that 2cPE could offer new opportunities for the treatment of B-CLL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Tomasella
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, Università degli Studi di Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Raffaella Picco
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, Università degli Studi di Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Sonia Ciotti
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, Università degli Studi di Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Andrea Sgorbissa
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, Università degli Studi di Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Elisa Bianchi
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine “Stefano Ferrari”, Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Rossella Manfredini
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine “Stefano Ferrari”, Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Fabio Benedetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Valentina Trimarco
- Department of Medicine, Hematology and Clinical Immunology Branch, Padua University School of Medicine, Padua, Italy
| | - Federica Frezzato
- Department of Medicine, Hematology and Clinical Immunology Branch, Padua University School of Medicine, Padua, Italy
| | - Livio Trentin
- Department of Medicine, Hematology and Clinical Immunology Branch, Padua University School of Medicine, Padua, Italy
| | - Gianpietro Semenzato
- Department of Medicine, Hematology and Clinical Immunology Branch, Padua University School of Medicine, Padua, Italy
| | - Domenico Delia
- Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Claudio Brancolini
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, Università degli Studi di Udine, Udine, Italy
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine “Stefano Ferrari”, Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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35
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Calapre L, Gray ES, Kurdykowski S, David A, Hart P, Descargues P, Ziman M. Heat-mediated reduction of apoptosis in UVB-damaged keratinocytes in vitro and in human skin ex vivo. BMC DERMATOLOGY 2016; 16:6. [PMID: 27230291 PMCID: PMC4882820 DOI: 10.1186/s12895-016-0043-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2015] [Accepted: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Background UV radiation induces significant DNA damage in keratinocytes and is a known risk factor for skin carcinogenesis. However, it has been reported previously that repeated and simultaneous exposure to UV and heat stress increases the rate of cutaneous tumour formation in mice. Since constant exposure to high temperatures and UV are often experienced in the environment, the effects of exposure to UV and heat needs to be clearly addressed in human epidermal cells. Methods In this study, we determined the effects of repeated UVB exposure 1 kJ/m2 followed by heat (39 °C) to human keratinocytes. Normal human ex vivo skin models and primary keratinocytes (NHEK) were exposed once a day to UVB and/or heat stress for four consecutive days. Cells were then assessed for changes in proliferation, apoptosis and gene expression at 2 days post-exposure, to determine the cumulative and persistent effects of UV and/or heat in skin keratinocytes. Results Using ex vivo skin models and primary keratinocytes in vitro, we showed that UVB plus heat treated keratinocytes exhibit persistent DNA damage, as observed with UVB alone. However, we found that apoptosis was significantly reduced in UVB plus heat treated samples. Immunohistochemical and whole genome transcription analysis showed that multiple UVB plus heat exposures induced inactivation of the p53-mediated stress response. Furthermore, we demonstrated that repeated exposure to UV plus heat induced SIRT1 expression and a decrease in acetylated p53 in keratinocytes, which is consistent with the significant downregulation of p53-regulated pro-apoptotic and DNA damage repair genes in these cells. Conclusion Our results suggest that UVB-induced p53-mediated cell cycle arrest and apoptosis are reduced in the presence of heat stress, leading to increased survival of DNA damaged cells. Thus, exposure to UVB and heat stress may act synergistically to allow survival of damaged cells, which could have implications for initiation skin carcinogenesis. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12895-016-0043-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leslie Calapre
- School of Medical Sciences, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, Perth, WA, 6027, Australia
| | - Elin S Gray
- School of Medical Sciences, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, Perth, WA, 6027, Australia
| | | | - Anthony David
- GENOSKIN Centre Pierre Potier, Oncopole, Toulouse, France
| | - Prue Hart
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, 100 Roberts Road, Subiaco, Perth, 6008, Australia
| | | | - Mel Ziman
- School of Medical Sciences, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, Perth, WA, 6027, Australia. .,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia.
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HSF1 critically attunes proteotoxic stress sensing by mTORC1 to combat stress and promote growth. Nat Cell Biol 2016; 18:527-39. [PMID: 27043084 PMCID: PMC5341796 DOI: 10.1038/ncb3335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
To cope with proteotoxic stress, cells attenuate protein synthesis. However, the precise mechanisms underlying this fundamental adaptation remain poorly defined. Here we report that mTORC1 acts as an immediate cellular sensor of proteotoxic stress. Surprisingly, the multifaceted stress-responsive kinase JNK constitutively associates with mTORC1 under normal growth conditions. On activation by proteotoxic stress, JNK phosphorylates both RAPTOR at S863 and mTOR at S567, causing partial disintegration of mTORC1 and subsequent translation inhibition. Importantly, HSF1, the central player in the proteotoxic stress response (PSR), preserves mTORC1 integrity and function by inactivating JNK, independently of its canonical transcriptional action. Thereby, HSF1 translationally augments the PSR. Beyond promoting stress resistance, this intricate HSF1-JNK-mTORC1 interplay, strikingly, regulates cell, organ and body sizes. Thus, these results illuminate a unifying mechanism that controls stress adaptation and growth.
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37
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Baculovirus IE2 Stimulates the Expression of Heat Shock Proteins in Insect and Mammalian Cells to Facilitate Its Proper Functioning. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0148578. [PMID: 26863132 PMCID: PMC4749218 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0148578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2015] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Baculoviruses have gained popularity as pest control agents and for protein production in insect systems. These viruses are also becoming popular for gene expression, tissue engineering and gene therapy in mammalian systems. Baculovirus infection triggers a heat shock response, and this response is crucial for its successful infection of host insect cells. However, the viral protein(s) or factor(s) that trigger this response are not yet clear. Previously, we revealed that IE2-an early gene product of the baculovirus-could form unique nuclear bodies for the strong trans-activation of various promoters in mammalian cells. Here, we purified IE2 nuclear bodies from Vero E6 cells and investigated the associated proteins by using mass spectrometry. Heat shock proteins (HSPs) were found to be one of the major IE2-associated proteins. Our experiments show that HSPs are greatly induced by IE2 and are crucial for the trans-activation function of IE2. Interestingly, blocking both heat shock protein expression and the proteasome pathway preserved the IE2 protein and its nuclear body structure, and revived its function. These observations reveal that HSPs do not function directly to assist the formation of the nuclear body structure, but may rather protect IE2 from proteasome degradation. Aside from functional studies in mammalian cells, we also show that HSPs were stimulated and required to determine IE2 protein levels, in insect cells infected with baculovirus. Upon inhibiting the expression of heat shock proteins, baculovirus IE2 was substantially suppressed, resulting in a significantly suppressed viral titer. Thus, we demonstrate a unique feature in that IE2 can function in both insect and non-host mammalian cells to stimulate HSPs, which may be associated with IE2 stabilization and lead to the protection of the its strong gene activation function in mammalian cells. On the other hand, during viral infection in insect cells, IE2 could also strongly stimulate HSPs and ultimately affect viral replication.
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38
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Broekgaarden M, Weijer R, van Gulik TM, Hamblin MR, Heger M. Tumor cell survival pathways activated by photodynamic therapy: a molecular basis for pharmacological inhibition strategies. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2015; 34:643-90. [PMID: 26516076 PMCID: PMC4661210 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-015-9588-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has emerged as a promising alternative to conventional cancer therapies such as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. PDT comprises the administration of a photosensitizer, its accumulation in tumor tissue, and subsequent irradiation of the photosensitizer-loaded tumor, leading to the localized photoproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The resulting oxidative damage ultimately culminates in tumor cell death, vascular shutdown, induction of an antitumor immune response, and the consequent destruction of the tumor. However, the ROS produced by PDT also triggers a stress response that, as part of a cell survival mechanism, helps cancer cells to cope with the PDT-induced oxidative stress and cell damage. These survival pathways are mediated by the transcription factors activator protein 1 (AP-1), nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (NRF2), hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1), nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), and those that mediate the proteotoxic stress response. The survival pathways are believed to render some types of cancer recalcitrant to PDT and alter the tumor microenvironment in favor of tumor survival. In this review, the molecular mechanisms are elucidated that occur post-PDT to mediate cancer cell survival, on the basis of which pharmacological interventions are proposed. Specifically, pharmaceutical inhibitors of the molecular regulators of each survival pathway are addressed. The ultimate aim is to facilitate the development of adjuvant intervention strategies to improve PDT efficacy in recalcitrant solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mans Broekgaarden
- Department of Experimental Surgery, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ruud Weijer
- Department of Experimental Surgery, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas M van Gulik
- Department of Experimental Surgery, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences & Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Michal Heger
- Department of Experimental Surgery, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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HSF1: Guardian of Proteostasis in Cancer. Trends Cell Biol 2015; 26:17-28. [PMID: 26597576 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2015.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Revised: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Proteomic instability is causally related to human diseases. In guarding proteome stability, the heat shock factor 1 (HSF1)-mediated proteotoxic stress response plays a pivotal role. Contrasting with its beneficial role of enhancing cell survival, recent findings have revealed a compelling pro-oncogenic role for HSF1. However, the mechanisms underlying the persistent activation and function of HSF1 within malignancy remain poorly understood. Emerging evidence reveals that oncogenic signaling mobilizes HSF1 and that cancer cells rely on HSF1 to avert proteomic instability and repress tumor-suppressive amyloidogenesis. In aggregate, these new developments suggest that cancer cells endure chronic proteotoxic stress and that proteomic instability is intrinsically associated with the malignant state, a characteristic that could be exploited to combat cancer.
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40
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Shah SP, Lonial S, Boise LH. When Cancer Fights Back: Multiple Myeloma, Proteasome Inhibition, and the Heat-Shock Response. Mol Cancer Res 2015; 13:1163-73. [PMID: 26013169 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-15-0135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma is a plasma cell malignancy with an estimated 26,850 new cases and 11,240 deaths in 2015 in the United States. Two main classes of agents are the mainstays of therapy-proteasome inhibitors (PI) and immunomodulatory drugs (IMiD). Other new targets are emerging rapidly, including monoclonal antibodies and histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors. These therapeutic options have greatly improved overall survival, but currently only 15% to 20% of patients experience long-term progression-free survival or are cured. Therefore, improvement in treatment options is needed. One potential means of improving clinical options is to target resistance mechanisms for current agents. For example, eliminating the cytoprotective heat-shock response that protects myeloma cells from proteasome inhibition may enhance PI-based therapies. The transcription factor heat-shock factor 1 (HSF1) is the master regulator of the heat-shock response. HSF1 is vital in the proteotoxic stress response, and its activation is controlled by posttranslational modifications (PTM). This review details the mechanisms of HSF1 regulation and discusses leveraging that regulation to enhance PI activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shardule P Shah
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship, Cancer Institute of Emory University and the Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Sagar Lonial
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship, Cancer Institute of Emory University and the Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Lawrence H Boise
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship, Cancer Institute of Emory University and the Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia. Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.
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41
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MEK guards proteome stability and inhibits tumor-suppressive amyloidogenesis via HSF1. Cell 2015; 160:729-744. [PMID: 25679764 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2015.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2014] [Revised: 10/09/2014] [Accepted: 12/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Signaling through RAS/MAP kinase pathway is central to biology. ERK has long been perceived as the only substrate for MEK. Here, we report that HSF1, the master regulator of the proteotoxic stress response, is a new MEK substrate. Beyond mediating cell-environment interactions, the MEK-HSF1 regulation impacts malignancy. In tumor cells, MEK blockade inactivates HSF1 and thereby provokes proteomic chaos, presented as protein destabilization, aggregation, and, strikingly, amyloidogenesis. Unlike their non-transformed counterparts, tumor cells are particularly susceptible to proteomic perturbation and amyloid induction. Amyloidogenesis is tumor suppressive, reducing in vivo melanoma growth and contributing to the potent anti-neoplastic effects of proteotoxic stressors. Our findings unveil a key biological function of the oncogenic RAS-MEK signaling in guarding proteostasis and suppressing amyloidogenesis. Thus, proteomic instability is an intrinsic feature of malignant state, and disrupting the fragile tumor proteostasis to promote amyloidogenesis may be a feasible therapeutic strategy.
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42
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Dai C. Metabolic stressors disrupt proteome homeostasis to suppress malignancy. Mol Cell Oncol 2015; 2. [PMID: 26973866 PMCID: PMC4786015 DOI: 10.1080/23723556.2014.1002718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/30/2022]
Abstract
Within tumor cells the heat shock factor 1 (HSF1)-mediated stress response is constitutively mobilized to counter persistent proteotoxic stress, hence sustaining their fragile proteome homeostasis and supporting robust malignant phenotypes. Intriguingly, our new studies reveal that metabolic stressors, such as metformin, inactivate HSF1 and provoke proteomic chaos, thereby impeding tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengkai Dai
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA
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43
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Davis AL, Qiao S, Lesson JL, Rojo de la Vega M, Park SL, Seanez CM, Gokhale V, Cabello CM, Wondrak GT. The quinone methide aurin is a heat shock response inducer that causes proteotoxic stress and Noxa-dependent apoptosis in malignant melanoma cells. J Biol Chem 2014; 290:1623-38. [PMID: 25477506 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.592626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Pharmacological induction of proteotoxic stress is rapidly emerging as a promising strategy for cancer cell-directed chemotherapeutic intervention. Here, we describe the identification of a novel drug-like heat shock response inducer for the therapeutic induction of proteotoxic stress targeting malignant human melanoma cells. Screening a focused library of compounds containing redox-directed electrophilic pharmacophores employing the Stress & Toxicity PathwayFinder(TM) PCR Array technology as a discovery tool, a drug-like triphenylmethane-derivative (aurin; 4-[bis(p-hydroxyphenyl)methylene]-2,5-cyclohexadien-1-one) was identified as an experimental cell stress modulator that causes (i) heat shock factor transcriptional activation, (ii) up-regulation of heat shock response gene expression (HSPA6, HSPA1A, DNAJB4, HMOX1), (iii) early unfolded protein response signaling (phospho-PERK, phospho-eIF2α, CHOP (CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein homologous protein)), (iv) proteasome impairment with increased protein-ubiquitination, and (v) oxidative stress with glutathione depletion. Fluorescence polarization-based experiments revealed that aurin displays activity as a geldanamycin-competitive Hsp90α-antagonist, a finding further substantiated by molecular docking and ATPase inhibition analysis. Aurin exposure caused caspase-dependent cell death in a panel of human malignant melanoma cells (A375, G361, LOX-IMVI) but not in non-malignant human skin cells (Hs27 fibroblasts, HaCaT keratinocytes, primary melanocytes) undergoing the aurin-induced heat shock response without impairment of viability. Aurin-induced melanoma cell apoptosis depends on Noxa up-regulation as confirmed by siRNA rescue experiments demonstrating that siPMAIP1-based target down-regulation suppresses aurin-induced cell death. Taken together, our data suggest feasibility of apoptotic elimination of malignant melanoma cells using the quinone methide-derived heat shock response inducer aurin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela L Davis
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy and Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85724
| | - Shuxi Qiao
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy and Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85724
| | - Jessica L Lesson
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy and Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85724
| | - Montserrat Rojo de la Vega
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy and Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85724
| | - Sophia L Park
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy and Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85724
| | - Carol M Seanez
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy and Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85724
| | - Vijay Gokhale
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy and Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85724
| | - Christopher M Cabello
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy and Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85724
| | - Georg T Wondrak
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy and Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85724
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Dai S, Tang Z, Cao J, Zhou W, Li H, Sampson S, Dai C. Suppression of the HSF1-mediated proteotoxic stress response by the metabolic stress sensor AMPK. EMBO J 2014; 34:275-93. [PMID: 25425574 PMCID: PMC4339117 DOI: 10.15252/embj.201489062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous extrinsic and intrinsic insults trigger the HSF1-mediated proteotoxic stress response (PSR), an ancient transcriptional program that is essential to proteostasis and survival under such conditions. In contrast to its well-recognized mobilization by proteotoxic stress, little is known about how this powerful adaptive mechanism reacts to other stresses. Surprisingly, we discovered that metabolic stress suppresses the PSR. This suppression is largely mediated through the central metabolic sensor AMPK, which physically interacts with and phosphorylates HSF1 at Ser121. Through AMPK activation, metabolic stress represses HSF1, rendering cells vulnerable to proteotoxic stress. Conversely, proteotoxic stress inactivates AMPK and thereby interferes with the metabolic stress response. Importantly, metformin, a metabolic stressor and popular anti-diabetic drug, inactivates HSF1 and provokes proteotoxic stress within tumor cells, thereby impeding tumor growth. Thus, these findings uncover a novel interplay between the metabolic stress sensor AMPK and the proteotoxic stress sensor HSF1 that profoundly impacts stress resistance, proteostasis, and malignant growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Dai
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, USA
| | - Zijian Tang
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, USA Graduate Programs, Department of Molecular & Biomedical Sciences, The University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA
| | - Junyue Cao
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, USA
| | - Wei Zhou
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, USA
| | - Huawen Li
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, USA
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Tarabichi M, Antoniou A, Saiselet M, Pita JM, Andry G, Dumont JE, Detours V, Maenhaut C. Systems biology of cancer: entropy, disorder, and selection-driven evolution to independence, invasion and "swarm intelligence". Cancer Metastasis Rev 2014; 32:403-21. [PMID: 23615877 PMCID: PMC3843370 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-013-9431-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Our knowledge of the biology of solid cancer has greatly progressed during the last few years, and many excellent reviews dealing with the various aspects of this biology have appeared. In the present review, we attempt to bring together these subjects in a general systems biology narrative. It starts from the roles of what we term entropy of signaling and noise in the initial oncogenic events, to the first major transition of tumorigenesis: the independence of the tumor cell and the switch in its physiology, i.e., from subservience to the organism to its own independent Darwinian evolution. The development after independence involves a constant dynamic reprogramming of the cells and the emergence of a sort of collective intelligence leading to invasion and metastasis and seldom to the ultimate acquisition of immortality through inter-individual infection. At each step, the probability of success is minimal to infinitesimal, but the number of cells possibly involved and the time scale account for the relatively high occurrence of tumorigenesis and metastasis in multicellular organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - J. M. Pita
- IRIBHM, Brussels, Belgium
- UIPM, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil (IPOFG) and CEDOC, FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - G. Andry
- J. Bordet Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | | | | | - C. Maenhaut
- IRIBHM, Brussels, Belgium
- WELBIO, Wallonia, Belgium
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Abstract
O-Linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) is a carbohydrate post-translational modification on hydroxyl groups of serine and/or threonine residues of cytosolic and nuclear proteins. Analogous to phosphorylation, O-GlcNAcylation plays crucial regulatory roles in cellular signaling. Recent work indicates that increased O-GlcNAcylation is a general feature of cancer and contributes to transformed phenotypes. In this minireview, we discuss how hyper-O-GlcNAcylation may be linked to various hallmarks of cancer, including cancer cell proliferation, survival, invasion, and metastasis; energy metabolism; and epigenetics. We also discuss potential therapeutic modulation of O-GlcNAc levels in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Ma
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19102
| | - Keith Vosseller
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19102
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Horpaopan S, Spier I, Zink AM, Altmüller J, Holzapfel S, Laner A, Vogt S, Uhlhaas S, Heilmann S, Stienen D, Pasternack SM, Keppler K, Adam R, Kayser K, Moebus S, Draaken M, Degenhardt F, Engels H, Hofmann A, Nöthen MM, Steinke V, Perez-Bouza A, Herms S, Holinski-Feder E, Fröhlich H, Thiele H, Hoffmann P, Aretz S. Genome-wide CNV analysis in 221 unrelated patients and targeted high-throughput sequencing reveal novel causative candidate genes for colorectal adenomatous polyposis. Int J Cancer 2014; 136:E578-89. [PMID: 25219767 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.29215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2014] [Revised: 08/04/2014] [Accepted: 09/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
To uncover novel causative genes in patients with unexplained adenomatous polyposis, a model disease for colorectal cancer, we performed a genome-wide analysis of germline copy number variants (CNV) in a large, well characterized APC and MUTYH mutation negative patient cohort followed by a targeted next generation sequencing (NGS) approach. Genomic DNA from 221 unrelated German patients was genotyped on high-resolution SNP arrays. Putative CNVs were filtered according to stringent criteria, compared with those of 531 population-based German controls, and validated by qPCR. Candidate genes were prioritized using in silico, expression, and segregation analyses, data mining and enrichment analyses of genes and pathways. In 27% of the 221 unrelated patients, a total of 77 protein coding genes displayed rare, nonrecurrent, germline CNVs. The set included 26 candidates with molecular and cellular functions related to tumorigenesis. Targeted high-throughput sequencing found truncating point mutations in 12% (10/77) of the prioritized genes. No clear evidence was found for autosomal recessive subtypes. Six patients had potentially causative mutations in more than one of the 26 genes. Combined with data from recent studies of early-onset colorectal and breast cancer, recurrent potential loss-of-function alterations were detected in CNTN6, FOCAD (KIAA1797), HSPH1, KIF26B, MCM3AP, YBEY and in three genes from the ARHGAP family. In the canonical Wnt pathway oncogene CTNNB1 (β-catenin), two potential gain-of-function mutations were found. In conclusion, the present study identified a group of rarely affected genes which are likely to predispose to colorectal adenoma formation and confirmed previously published candidates for tumor predisposition as etiologically relevant.
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48
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Nakamura Y, Fujimoto M, Fukushima S, Nakamura A, Hayashida N, Takii R, Takaki E, Nakai A, Muto M. Heat shock factor 1 is required for migration and invasion of human melanoma in vitro and in vivo. Cancer Lett 2014; 354:329-35. [PMID: 25194503 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2014.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2014] [Revised: 08/20/2014] [Accepted: 08/20/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) is a major transactivator of the heat shock response. Recent studies have demonstrated that HSF1 is involved in tumor initiation, maintenance, and progression by regulating the expression of heat shock proteins (HSPs) and other molecular targets. Furthermore, HSF1 was identified as a potent proinvasion oncogene in human melanomas. However, the biological functions of HSF1 in human melanoma remain poorly understood. To determine the functional role of HSF1 in melanoma, we used short hairpin RNA (shRNA) to silence HSF1 in human melanoma cell lines and investigated its effect on cell migration and invasive ability in vitro. We found that HSF1 knockdown led to a marked reduction in migration and invasive ability, and these functions were restored by overexpression of wild-type HSF1. To confirm the in vitro results, we performed subcutaneous xenograft experiments in athymic nude mice. We found that HSF1 was required for melanoma invasion and metastasis, as well as tumorigenic potential in vivo. Overall, these results show that HSF1 is indispensable for melanoma progression and metastasis, and suggests that HSF1 could be a promising therapeutic target for melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshitaka Nakamura
- Department of Dermatology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Japan.
| | - Mitsuaki Fujimoto
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Japan
| | - Sonoko Fukushima
- Department of Dermatology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Japan
| | - Akiko Nakamura
- Department of Dermatology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Japan
| | - Naoki Hayashida
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Takii
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Japan
| | - Eiichi Takaki
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Japan
| | - Akira Nakai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Japan
| | - Masahiko Muto
- Department of Dermatology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Japan
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Deschênes-Simard X, Lessard F, Gaumont-Leclerc MF, Bardeesy N, Ferbeyre G. Cellular senescence and protein degradation: breaking down cancer. Cell Cycle 2014; 13:1840-58. [PMID: 24866342 DOI: 10.4161/cc.29335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy and the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway (UPP) are the major protein degradation systems in eukaryotic cells. Whereas the former mediate a bulk nonspecific degradation, the UPP allows a rapid degradation of specific proteins. Both systems have been shown to play a role in tumorigenesis, and the interest in developing therapeutic agents inhibiting protein degradation is steadily growing. However, emerging data point to a critical role for autophagy in cellular senescence, an established tumor suppressor mechanism. Recently, a selective protein degradation process mediated by the UPP was also shown to contribute to the senescence phenotype. This process is tightly regulated by E3 ubiquitin ligases, deubiquitinases, and several post-translational modifications of target proteins. Illustrating the complexity of UPP, more than 600 human genes have been shown to encode E3 ubiquitin ligases, a number which exceeds that of the protein kinases. Nevertheless, our knowledge of proteasome-dependent protein degradation as a regulated process in cellular contexts such as cancer and senescence remains very limited. Here we discuss the implications of protein degradation in senescence and attempt to relate this function to the protein degradation pattern observed in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Deschênes-Simard
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine; Université de Montréal; Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Frédéric Lessard
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine; Université de Montréal; Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | | | - Nabeel Bardeesy
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center; Harvard Medical School; Boston, MA USA
| | - Gerardo Ferbeyre
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine; Université de Montréal; Montréal, Québec, Canada
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Dobbelstein M, Moll U. Targeting tumour-supportive cellular machineries in anticancer drug development. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2014; 13:179-96. [DOI: 10.1038/nrd4201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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