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Deiab NS, Kodous AS, Mahfouz MK, Said AM, Ghobashy MM, Abozaid OAR. Smart Hesperidin/Chitosan Nanogel Mitigates Apoptosis and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Fluoride and Aluminum-Induced Testicular Injury. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:4106-4124. [PMID: 38087036 PMCID: PMC11252208 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03991-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
Fluoride and aluminum are ubiquitous toxic metals with adverse reproductive effects. The citrus flavonoid hesperidin has protective activities but poor solubility and bioavailability. Nanoparticulate delivery systems can improve flavonoid effectiveness. We conducted this study to prepare a pH-responsive chitosan-based nanogel for hesperidin delivery and evaluate its effectiveness against sodium fluoride (NaF) and aluminum chloride (AlCl3) induced testicular toxicity in mice. The nanogel was synthesized using 2 kGy gamma irradiation, enabling a size under 200 nm and enhanced hesperidin release at pH 6 matching testicular acidity. Male mice received 200 mg/kg AlCl3 and 10 mg/kg NaF daily for 30 days. Hesperidin nanogel at 20 mg/kg was administered orally either prophylactically (pretreatment) or after intoxication (posttreatment). The results showed that AlCl3 + NaF induced severe oxidative stress, hormonal disturbance, apoptosis, and endoplasmic reticulum stress, evidenced by significant changes in the studied parameters and testicular histological damage. Hesperidin nanogel administration significantly inhibited oxidative stress markers, restored luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and testosterone levels, and alleviated tissue damage compared to the intoxicated group. It also downregulated the expression level of pro-apoptotic genes Bax, caspase-3, caspase-9, and P38MAPK, while upregulating the expression level of the anti-apoptotic BCL2 gene. Endoplasmic reticulum stress sensors PERK, ATF6, and IRE-α were also downregulated by the nanogel. The chitosan-based nanogel enhanced the delivery and efficacy of poorly bioavailable hesperidin, exhibiting remarkable protective effects against AlCl3 and NaF reproductive toxicity. This innovative nanosystem represents a promising approach to harnessing bioactive phytochemicals with delivery challenges, enabling protective effects against chemical-induced testicular damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora S Deiab
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Al Qalyubiyah, Egypt.
| | - Ahmad S Kodous
- Radiation Biology Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, P.O. Box 13759, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute (WIA), P.O. Box 600036, 38, Sardar Patel Road, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Mohamed K Mahfouz
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Al Qalyubiyah, Egypt
| | - Alshaimaa M Said
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Al Qalyubiyah, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Mohamady Ghobashy
- Radiation Research of Polymer Chemistry Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Omayma A R Abozaid
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Al Qalyubiyah, Egypt
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Wang L, Hao X, Li X, Li Q, Fang X. Effects of ginsenoside Rh2 on cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in renal tubular epithelial cells by inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2024; 38:e23768. [PMID: 39015062 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
Nephrotoxicity remains a major adverse reaction of the anticancer drug cisplatin (CDDP) chemotherapy, which is an important risk factor for chronic renal disease. Ginsenoside Rh2 from Panax ginseng has been shown to protect against CDDP-induced nephrotoxicity in vivo, but its pharmacological effect on renal tubular epithelial cells is not clearly understood. This study examined the molecular mechanisms underlying the nephroprotective effects of Rh2 on CDDP-induced HK-2 cells and acute kidney injury (AKI) mice. As a result of Rh2 treatment, CDDP-induced HK-2 cells showed increased cell viability and reduced lactate dehydrogenase release. Moreover, Rh2 ameliorated CDDP-induced mitochondrial membrane potential, increased antioxidant enzyme activities, and reduced pro-inflammatory cytokine expression to reduce damage. Rh2 inhibited apoptosis and enhanced the antioxidant capacity of HK-2 cells by reducing proteins associated with endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, as well as by attenuating tunicamycin-induced ER stress. In addition, treatment of CDDP-induced AKI mice with Rh2 substantially reduced blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine levels, attenuated histological damage of kidney. Further, Rh2 also improved kidney function by inhibiting ER stress to support in vitro findings. These results consistently demonstrated that Rh2 protects renal tubular epithelial cells from CDDP-induced nephrotoxicity and apoptosis by restoring ER homeostasis, which might suggest a therapeutic potential and providing new insights into AKI alternative therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianping Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaogang Hao
- Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Xiangxin Li
- Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Qingjie Li
- Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Xuexun Fang
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Mazzoli A, Spagnuolo MS, De Palma F, Petecca N, Di Porzio A, Barrella V, Troise AD, Culurciello R, De Pascale S, Scaloni A, Mauriello G, Iossa S, Cigliano L. Limosilactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 relieves inflammation, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and autophagy in hippocampus of western diet-fed rats by modulation of systemic inflammation. Biofactors 2024. [PMID: 38801155 DOI: 10.1002/biof.2082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
The consumption of western diets, high in fats and sugars, is a crucial contributor to brain molecular alterations, cognitive dysfunction and neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, a mandatory challenge is the individuation of strategies capable of preventing diet-induced impairment of brain physiology. A promising strategy might consist in the administration of probiotics that are known to influence brain function via the gut-brain axis. In this study, we explored whether Limosilactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 (L. reuteri)-based approach can counteract diet-induced neuroinflammation, endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS), and autophagy in hippocampus, an area involved in learning and memory, in rat fed a high fat and fructose diet. The western diet induced a microbiota reshaping, but L. reuteri neither modulated this change, nor the plasma levels of short-chain fatty acids. Interestingly, pro-inflammatory signaling pathway activation (increased NFkB phosphorylation, raised amounts of toll-like receptor-4, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-6, GFAP, and Haptoglobin), as well as activation of ERS (increased PERK and eif2α phosphorylation, higher C/EBP-homologous protein amounts) and autophagy (increased beclin, P62-sequestosome-1, and LC3 II) was revealed in hippocampus of western diet fed rats. All these hippocampal alterations were prevented by L. reuteri administration, showing for the first time a neuroprotective role of this specific probiotic strain, mainly attributable to its ability to regulate western diet-induced metabolic endotoxemia and systemic inflammation, as decreased levels of lipopolysaccharide, plasma cytokines, and adipokines were also found. Therapeutic strategies based on the use of L. reuteri DSM17938 could be beneficial in reversing metabolic syndrome-mediated brain dysfunction and cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Mazzoli
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Stefania Spagnuolo
- Institute for the Animal Production System in the Mediterranean Environment, National Research Council, Portici, Italy
| | - Francesca De Palma
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Naples, Italy
| | - Natasha Petecca
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Naples, Italy
| | - Angela Di Porzio
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Naples, Italy
| | - Valentina Barrella
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Dario Troise
- Institute for the Animal Production System in the Mediterranean Environment, National Research Council, Portici, Italy
| | - Rosanna Culurciello
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Naples, Italy
| | - Sabrina De Pascale
- Institute for the Animal Production System in the Mediterranean Environment, National Research Council, Portici, Italy
| | - Andrea Scaloni
- Institute for the Animal Production System in the Mediterranean Environment, National Research Council, Portici, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Mauriello
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy
| | - Susanna Iossa
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Naples, Italy
- NBFC, National Biodiversity Future Center, Palermo, Italy
- Task Force on Microbiome Studies, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy
| | - Luisa Cigliano
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Naples, Italy
- Task Force on Microbiome Studies, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy
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Xiang F, Zhang H, Jing R, Zheng J, Zhang J, Zhang Q, Li X. Yingxiang Acupoint Embedding Improves Mucosal Barrier Function in Rats with Local Allergic Rhinitis. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2024; 185:739-751. [PMID: 38588639 PMCID: PMC11309059 DOI: 10.1159/000537684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Epithelial barrier disruption is the initial cause of various diseases. We previously reported that acupoint catgut embedding (AE) improves tight junction proteins (TJs) in rats with allergic rhinitis. However, whether AE improves the epithelial barrier in local allergic rhinitis (LAR) remains unknown. METHODS A total of 36 Sprague Dawley (SD) male rats aged 5-7 weeks were divided into 6 groups with 6 rats each: control group, LAR model group, false acupoint embedding + LAR group, acupoint embedding + LAR group, capsaicin + LAR group, and tunicamycin + acupoint embedding + LAR group. Behavioral observation, ELISA to detect inflammatory factors in nasal lavage fluid and serum IgE, nasal mucosal permeability test, hematoxylin-eosin staining, PCR to detect Substance P (SP), Western blot, and immunofluorescence to detect endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) index and TJs were used to investigate the mechanism of AE in LAR. RESULTS AE improved the symptoms and pathological features of nasal mucosa of LAR rats, reduced the inflammatory factors (IL4, IL5, IL13) of nasal lavage fluid, and showed no significant change in serum IgE levels in all groups. In addition, AE decreased the expression of SP in nasal mucosa of LAR rats, inhibited ERS, increased the expression of tight junction protein, reduced the permeability of nasal mucosa, and improved the function of nasal mucosal barrier. CONCLUSION This study confirms that AE can improve the nasal mucosal barrier function of LAR by reducing the expression of SP, inhibiting ERS and increasing the expression of TJs, thus enhancing the nasal mucosal barrier function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Xiang
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China,
| | - Hui Zhang
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ran Jing
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jie Zheng
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jianfeng Zhang
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qinxiu Zhang
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinrong Li
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Ma K, Zhang Y, Zhao J, Zhou L, Li M. Endoplasmic reticulum stress: bridging inflammation and obesity-associated adipose tissue. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1381227. [PMID: 38638434 PMCID: PMC11024263 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1381227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity presents a significant global health challenge, increasing the susceptibility to chronic conditions such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and hypertension. Within the context of obesity, lipid metabolism, adipose tissue formation, and inflammation are intricately linked to endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS). ERS modulates metabolism, insulin signaling, inflammation, as well as cell proliferation and death through the unfolded protein response (UPR) pathway. Serving as a crucial nexus, ERS bridges the functionality of adipose tissue and the inflammatory response. In this review, we comprehensively elucidate the mechanisms by which ERS impacts adipose tissue function and inflammation in obesity, aiming to offer insights into targeting ERS for ameliorating metabolic dysregulation in obesity-associated chronic diseases such as hyperlipidemia, hypertension, fatty liver, and type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Min Li
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Sun Y, Zhang Y, Zhang J, Chen YE, Jin JP, Zhang K, Mou H, Liang X, Xu J. XBP1-mediated transcriptional regulation of SLC5A1 in human epithelial cells in disease conditions. Cell Biosci 2024; 14:27. [PMID: 38388523 PMCID: PMC10885492 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-024-01203-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sodium-Glucose cotransporter 1 and 2 (SGLT1/2) belong to the family of glucose transporters, encoded by SLC5A1 and SLC5A2, respectively. SGLT2 is almost exclusively expressed in the renal proximal convoluted tubule cells. SGLT1 is expressed in the kidneys but also in other organs throughout the body. Many SGLT inhibitor drugs have been developed based on the mechanism of blocking glucose (re)absorption mediated by SGLT1/2, and several have gained major regulatory agencies' approval for treating diabetes. Intriguingly these drugs are also effective in treating diseases beyond diabetes, for example heart failure and chronic kidney disease. We recently discovered that SGLT1 is upregulated in the airway epithelial cells derived from patients of cystic fibrosis (CF), a devastating genetic disease affecting greater than 70,000 worldwide. RESULTS In the present work, we show that the SGLT1 upregulation is coupled with elevated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response, indicated by activation of the primary ER stress senor inositol-requiring protein 1α (IRE1α) and the ER stress-induced transcription factor X-box binding protein 1 (XBP1), in CF epithelial cells, and in epithelial cells of other stress conditions. Through biochemistry experiments, we demonstrated that the spliced form of XBP1 (XBP1s) acts as a transcription factor for SLC5A1 by directly binding to its promoter region. Targeting this ER stress → SLC5A1 axis by either the ER stress inhibitor Rapamycin or the SGLT1 inhibitor Sotagliflozin was effective in attenuating the ER stress response and reducing the SGLT1 level in these cellular model systems. CONCLUSIONS The present work establishes a causal relationship between ER stress and SGLT1 upregulation and provides a mechanistic explanation why SGLT inhibitor drugs benefit diseases beyond diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifei Sun
- Center for Advanced Models for Translational Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Michigan Medical Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Yihan Zhang
- The Mucosal Immunology & Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Jackson, 1402, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Jifeng Zhang
- Center for Advanced Models for Translational Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Michigan Medical Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Y Eugene Chen
- Center for Advanced Models for Translational Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Michigan Medical Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jian-Ping Jin
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Kezhong Zhang
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Hongmei Mou
- The Mucosal Immunology & Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Jackson, 1402, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
| | - Xiubin Liang
- Center for Advanced Models for Translational Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Michigan Medical Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - Jie Xu
- Center for Advanced Models for Translational Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Michigan Medical Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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Zhang J, Chen Y, Chen B, Sun D, Sun Z, Liang J, Liang J, Xiong X, Yan H. The dual effect of endoplasmic reticulum stress in digestive system tumors and intervention of Chinese botanical drug extracts: a review. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1339146. [PMID: 38449811 PMCID: PMC10917068 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1339146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) homeostasis is essential for maintaining human health, and once imbalanced, it will trigger endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS), which participates in the development of digestive system tumors and other diseases. ERS has dual effect on tumor cells, activating adaptive responses to promote survival or inducing apoptotic pathways to accelerate cell death of the tumor. Recent studies have demonstrated that Chinese botanical drug extracts can affect the tumor process of the digestive system by regulating ERS and exert anticancer effects. This article summarizes the dual effect of ERS in the process of digestive system tumors and the intervention of Chinese botanical drug extracts in recent years, as reference for the combined treatment of digestive system tumors with Chinese and modern medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinlong Zhang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yanyu Chen
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Dajuan Sun
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zhen Sun
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Junwei Liang
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jing Liang
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xin Xiong
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Hua Yan
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Jo SL, Hong EJ. Progesterone Receptor Membrane Component 1 Regulates Cellular Stress Responses and Inflammatory Pathways in Chronic Neuroinflammatory Conditions. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:230. [PMID: 38397828 PMCID: PMC10886208 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13020230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia and is one of the neurodegenerative diseases that are caused by neuronal death due to various triggers. Neuroinflammation plays a critical role in the development of AD. The neuroinflammatory response is manifested by pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α; various chemokines; nitrous oxide; and reactive oxygen species. In this study, we evaluated the relevance of progesterone receptor membrane component 1 (PGRMC1), which is expressed in the brain cells during the induction of neuroinflammation. A lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced chronic neuroinflammation model and Pgrmc1 knockdown cells were used to assess the inflammatory cytokine levels, AD-related factors, inflammation-related signaling, and cell death. Pgrmc1 knockout (KO) mice had higher IL-1β levels after treatment with LPS compared with those of wild-type (WT) mice. Furthermore, Pgrmc1 KO mice had higher levels of inflammatory factors, endoplasmic reticulum stress indicators, and AD-associated markers compared with those of WT mice who underwent LPS treatment or not. Finally, these indicators were observed in vitro using U373-MG astrocytes. In conclusion, the loss of PGRMC1 may promote neuroinflammation and lead to AD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eui-Ju Hong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea;
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Brunelle DC, Larson KJ, Bundy A, Roemmich JN, Warne D, Redvers N. Chokeberry reduces inflammation in human preadipocytes. J Funct Foods 2024; 112:105947. [PMID: 38644957 PMCID: PMC11031191 DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2023.105947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Chokeberry, Aronia melanocarpa, is an indigenous fruit from North America used as food and to prevent chronic disease by Indigenous Peoples. The objective of this study was to test anti-inflammatory effects of anthocyanin on palmitic acid (PA)-induced IL-6 gene expression, IL-6 DNA methylation, and histone (H3) acetylation. Additionally, we examined effects of anthocyanins Cyanidin-3-O-galactoside (C3Gal) and Cyanidin-3-glucoside (C3G) on IL-6 gene expression. Human primary pre-adipocytes were treated with chokeberry juice extract (CBE), C3Gal or C3G in the presence or absence of PA or lipopolysaccharide (LPS). CBE inhibited LPS- and PA-induced IL-6 mRNA expression (p < 0.0001), while C3G and C3Gal had smaller effects. Human IL-6 promoter DNA methylation was increased (p = 0.0256) in CBE treated cells compared to control. Histone H3 acetylations were not affected by CBE or PA treatment. These data indicate that CBE epigenetically reduced PA-induced inflammation by regulating IL-6 DNA methylation without affecting histone modifications in human preadipocyte cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dale C. Brunelle
- USDA-ARS Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center, Grand Forks, ND, United States
| | - Kate J. Larson
- USDA-ARS Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center, Grand Forks, ND, United States
| | - Amy Bundy
- USDA-ARS Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center, Grand Forks, ND, United States
| | - James N. Roemmich
- USDA-ARS Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center, Grand Forks, ND, United States
| | - Donald Warne
- Department of Indigenous Health, School of Medicine & Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58203, United States
| | - Nicole Redvers
- Department of Indigenous Health, School of Medicine & Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58203, United States
- Schulich School of Medicine & Health Sciences, Western University, London, ON N6G 2M1, Canada
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10
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Nasoni MG, Crinelli R, Iuliano L, Luchetti F. When nitrosative stress hits the endoplasmic reticulum: Possible implications in oxLDL/oxysterols-induced endothelial dysfunction. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 208:178-185. [PMID: 37544487 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Oxidized LDL (oxLDL) and oxysterols are known to play a crucial role in endothelial dysfunction (ED) by inducing endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS), inflammation, and apoptosis. However, the precise molecular mechanisms underlying these pathophysiological processes remain incompletely understood. Emerging evidence strongly implicates excessive nitric oxide (NO) production in the progression of various pathological conditions. The accumulation of reactive nitrogen species (RNS) leading to nitrosative stress (NSS) and aberrant protein S-nitrosylation contribute to NO toxicity. Studies have highlighted the involvement of NSS and S-nitrosylation in perturbing ER signaling through the modification of ER sensors and resident isomerases in neurons. This review focuses on the existing evidence that strongly associates NO with ERS and the possible implications in the context of ED induced by oxLDL and oxysterols. The potential effects of perturbed NO synthesis on signaling effectors linking NSS with ERS in endothelial cells are discussed to provide a conceptual framework for further investigations and the development of novel therapeutic strategies targeting ED.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G Nasoni
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy.
| | - R Crinelli
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy.
| | - L Iuliano
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnology, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy.
| | - F Luchetti
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy.
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Gao Q, Lu W, Fan S, Xie W, Zhang H, Han Y, Weng Q. Seasonal changes in endoplasmic reticulum stress and steroidogenesis in the ovary of the wild ground squirrels (Citellus dauricus Brandt). Gen Comp Endocrinol 2023; 343:114368. [PMID: 37604348 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2023.114368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
The development of the follicle is accompanied by steroidogenesis and secretion, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) requires significant synthesis of relevant proteins to support changes in the follicular microenvironment. The aim of this study was to investigate whether seasonal changes in gonadotropins and ovarian steroid hormones in the wild ground squirrels induce endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and changes in ERS-mediated unfolded protein response (UPR) signaling. There were significant seasonal differences in ovarian mass, with values higher in the breeding season and relatively low in the non-breeding season. Histological observations revealed that ovaries in the breeding season had germ cells including primordial follicles, primary follicles, secondary follicles, tertiary follicles, and the corpus luteal, whereas ovaries consisted mainly of primary and secondary follicles in the non-breeding season. Analysis of ovarian transcriptome data showed that 1298 genes were up-regulated in expression and 1432 genes were down-regulated in expression during both periods. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis indicated that these genes were mainly enriched in estrogen signaling pathways, ovarian steroidogenesis and endoplasmic reticulum protein processing pathways. The expression levels of steroidogenic enzymes (P450scc, P450c17, 3β-HSD, and P450arom) and gonadotropin receptor (FSHR and LHR) were significantly increased during the breeding season compared to the non-breeding season. GRP78 and UPR signaling factors (ATF4, ATF6, XBP1s) associated with ERS were expressed in both seasons. The mRNA expressions of Atf6 and Xbp1s were higher in the breeding season than those of the non-breeding season. Conversely, Atf4 and its downstream homologous protein (Chop) exhibited higher expression during the non-breeding season. In addition, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), estradiol-17β, and progesterone of serum were significantly higher in the breeding season than those of the non-breeding season. These results suggested that UPR signaling, associated with seasonal changes in ovarian steroidogenesis, was activated during the breeding season and that ERS might be involved in regulating seasonal changes in ovarian steroidogenesis in the wild ground squirrels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingjing Gao
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjing Lu
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Sijie Fan
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenqiang Xie
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Haolin Zhang
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Yingying Han
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Qiang Weng
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.
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12
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Hu L, Xu C, Tang X, Yu S, Wang L, Li Q, Zhou X. Fine particulate matter promotes airway inflammation and mucin production by activating endoplasmic reticulum stress and the IRE1α/NOD1/NF‑κB pathway. Int J Mol Med 2023; 52:96. [PMID: 37654182 PMCID: PMC10555484 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2023.5299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is a type of small particle that is <2.5 µm in diameter that may cause airway inflammation. Thus, the present study aimed to explore the effects of PM2.5 on endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and airway inflammation in human airway epithelial cells. For this purpose, HBE135‑E6E7 airway epithelial cells were cultured and exposed to specific concentrations of PM2.5 for various periods of time, and cell viability was determined using a Cell Counting Kit‑8 assay. The results of the present study demonstrated that exposure to PM2.5 increased the mRNA and protein expression levels of interleukin (IL)‑6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‑α and mucin 5AC (MUC5AC). Moreover, the expression levels of ER stress‑related proteins, such as glucose‑regulated protein 78, CCAAT‑enhancer binding protein homologous protein, activating transcription factor 6, protein kinase R‑like ER kinase (PERK), phosphorylated (p‑)PERK, inositol‑requiring enzyme 1α (IRE1α) and p‑IRE1α, and nucleotide‑binding oligomerization domain 1 (NOD1) expression levels were increased following exposure to PM2.5. Transfection with IRE1α small interfering RNA (siRNA) led to the increased production of IL‑6, TNF‑α and MUC5AC. Moreover, the expression of NOD1 and the translocation of NF‑κB p65 were inhibited following transfection with IRE1α siRNA. In addition, the results of the present study demonstrated that transfection with NOD1 siRNA decreased the production of IL‑6, TNF‑α and MUC5AC, and decreased the translocation of NF‑κB p65. The expression levels of IL‑6, TNF‑α and MUC5AC were increased in the HBE135‑E6E7 cells following treatment with C12‑iE‑DAP, a NOD1 agonist. Moreover, treatment with C12‑iE‑DAP led to the activation of NF‑κB p65. Collectively, the results of the present study suggest that PM2.5 promotes airway inflammation and mucin production by activating ER stress in HBE135‑E6E7 airway epithelial cells, and that the IRE1α/NOD1/NF‑κB pathway may be involved in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Hu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University
- Hainan Province Clinical Medical Center of Respiratory Disease, Haikou, Hainan 570102
| | - Chaoqun Xu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University
- Emergency and Trauma College, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 579199, P.R. China
| | - Xiang Tang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University
- Hainan Province Clinical Medical Center of Respiratory Disease, Haikou, Hainan 570102
| | - Shanjun Yu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University
- Hainan Province Clinical Medical Center of Respiratory Disease, Haikou, Hainan 570102
| | - Lijun Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University
- Hainan Province Clinical Medical Center of Respiratory Disease, Haikou, Hainan 570102
| | - Qi Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University
- Hainan Province Clinical Medical Center of Respiratory Disease, Haikou, Hainan 570102
| | - Xiangdong Zhou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University
- Hainan Province Clinical Medical Center of Respiratory Disease, Haikou, Hainan 570102
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He M, Guo X, Jia J, Zhang J, Zhou X, Wei L, Yu J, Wang S, Feng L. Regulatory mechanisms underlying endoplasmic reticulum stress involvement in the development of gestational diabetes mellitus entail the CHOP-PPARα-NF-κB pathway. Placenta 2023; 142:46-55. [PMID: 37639950 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2023.08.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We investigated the proinflammatory functions of endoplasmic reticulum stress and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) in the development of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and their relationship in regulating inflammation in GDM. METHODS This study was performed on placentas of normal pregnant women, women with GDM, and HTR8 cells. Transmission electron microscopy, immunohistochemistry, Western blot analysis, and RT-PCR were performed to analyze ERS and PPARα expression on both normal and GDM pregnancy placentas. ELISA was performed to analyze inflammatory biomarkers. To generate models of the GDM-like state, placentas of normal pregnancy were treated with LPS and polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly [I:C]). TG, CHOP plasmid, and CHOP siRNA were assessed as to their regulation of HTR8 cells to discern the relationship between ERS and PPARα in regulating the inflammation associated with GDM. RESULTS ERS was elevated in GDM placentas, induced the secretion of IL-6 and TNF-α, and attenuated the expression of GLUT-4. PPARα was diminished in GDM placentas and inhibited the inflammatory responses via the NF-κB nuclear-transport process. 4-PBA reduced CHOP and augmented PPARα, and it decreased IL-6 and TNF-α in our GDM-like explant. However, with both 4-PBA and MK886 treatment, we noted no significant difference in CHOP expression. The level of PPARα was reduced, and that of NF-κB p65 in the nucleus was elevated with TG treatment in the HTR8/Svneo. Knockdown of CHOP increased PPARα and reduced NF-κB p65, while expression of PPARα declined, and that of NF-κB p65 rose with the application of CHOP when HTR8 cells were treated with TG. CONCLUSIONS ERS contributes to the pathophysiology of GDM in pregnancy via the CHOP-PPARα-NF-κB-signalling pathway by inducing aberrant activation of inflammation and insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengzhou He
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Xijiao Guo
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Wuhan Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Jing Jia
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Jingyi Zhang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Xuan Zhou
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Lijie Wei
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Jun Yu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Shaoshuai Wang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China.
| | - Ling Feng
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China.
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14
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Sun Y, Zhang Y, Zhang J, Chen YE, Jin JP, Zhang K, Mou H, Liang X, Xu J. XBP1-mediated transcriptional regulation of SLC5A1 in human epithelial cells in disease conditions. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-3112506. [PMID: 37502997 PMCID: PMC10371076 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3112506/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Background sodium-dependent glucose cotransporter 1 and 2 (SGLT1/2) belong to the family of glucose transporters, encoded by SLC5A1 and SLC5A2, respectively. SGLT-2 is almost exclusively expressed in the renal proximal convoluted tubule cells. SGLT-1 is expressed in the kidneys but also in other organs throughout the body. Many SGLT inhibitor drugs have been developed based on the mechanism of blocking glucose (re)absorption mediated by SGLT1/2, and several have gained major regulatory agencies' approval for treating diabetes. Intriguingly these drugs are also effective in treating diseases beyond diabetes, for example heart failure and chronic kidney disease. We recently discovered that SGLT-1 is upregulated in the airway epithelial cells derived from patients of cystic fibrosis (CF), a devastating genetic disease affecting greater than 70,000 worldwide. Results in the present work, we show that the SGLT-1 upregulation is coupled with elevated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response, indicated by activation of the primary ER stress senor inositol-requiring protein 1a (IRE1a) and the ER stress-induced transcription factor X-box binding protein 1 (XBP1), in CF epithelial cells, and in epithelial cells of other stress conditions. Through biochemistry experiments, we demonstrated that XBP1 acts as a transcription factor for SLC5A1 by directly binding to its promoter region. Targeting this ER stress → SLC5A1 axis by either the ER stress inhibitor Rapamycin or the SGLT-1 inhibitor Sotagliflozin was effective in attenuating the ER stress response and reducing the SGLT-1 levels in these cellular model systems. Conclusions the present work establishes a causal relationship between ER stress and SGLT-1 upregulation and provides a mechanistic explanation why SGLT inhibitor drugs benefit diseases beyond diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifei Sun
- Center for Advanced Models for Translational Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Michigan Medical Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Yihan Zhang
- The Mucosal Immunology & Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Jackson 1402, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Jifeng Zhang
- Center for Advanced Models for Translational Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Michigan Medical Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Y. Eugene Chen
- Center for Advanced Models for Translational Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Michigan Medical Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Jian-Ping Jin
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Kezhong Zhang
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Hongmei Mou
- The Mucosal Immunology & Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Jackson 1402, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Xiubin Liang
- Center for Advanced Models for Translational Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Michigan Medical Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Jie Xu
- Center for Advanced Models for Translational Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Michigan Medical Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
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15
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Peng R, Lin H, Zhu H, Zhang Y, Bao T, Li W, Deng J. Involvement of IGF1 in endoplasmic reticulum stress contributes to cataract formation through regulating Nrf2/NF-κB signaling. Funct Integr Genomics 2023; 23:220. [PMID: 37394478 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-023-01152-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is reportedly involved in the development of ophthalmic diseases. This study aimed to investigate the role and potential mechanism of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) in ER stress. A mouse cataract model was constructed by subcutaneous injection of sodium selenite, and sh-IGF1 was used to evaluate the effect of silencing IGF1 on cataract progression. Slit-lamp and histological examination of the lens were performed to examine lens damage. The regulatory effects of IGF1 on inflammatory responses, oxidative stress, and ER stress were evaluated using ELISA, reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR), and immunoblotting analysis. Tunicamycin was used to induce ER stress in the lens of epithelial cells. The NF-E2 related factor-2 (Nrf2) inhibitor ML385 and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) agonist diprovocim were used to confirm whether IGF1 regulates inflammation and ER stress through Nrf2/NF-κB signaling. Silencing IGF1 alleviated lens damage and reduced lens turbidity in the cataract mice. Silencing IGF1 inhibited inflammatory response, oxidative stress and ER stress response. Meanwhile, IGF1 was highly expressed in sodium selenite-treated lens epithelial cells. The ER stress agonist tunicamycin suppressed cell viability as well as induced ER stress, oxidative stress and inflammation. Silencing IGF1 increased cell viability, EdU-positive rate and migration. Also, silencing of IGF1 reduced inflammation and ER stress via regulating Nrf2/NF-κB pathway. This study reveals silencing IGF1 attenuated cataract through regulating Nrf2/NF-κB signaling, which shares novel insights into the underlying mechanism of cataract and provides potential therapeutic target for cataract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiping Peng
- Department of Ophthalmology, The 3rd Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 600, Tianhe Road, Guangzhou City, 510630, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Hongmei Lin
- Health Management Center, The 3rd Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 600, Tianhe Road, Guangzhou City, 510630, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Haocheng Zhu
- School of Medicine, Jinan University, No. 601, West Whampoa Avenue, Guangzhou City, 510632, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shenzhen University General Hospital, No. 1098, Xueyuan Avenue, Nanshan District, Shenzhen City, 518071, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Tiancheng Bao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The 3rd Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 600, Tianhe Road, Guangzhou City, 510630, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Weili Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The 3rd Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 600, Tianhe Road, Guangzhou City, 510630, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Juan Deng
- Department of Ophthalmology, The 3rd Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 600, Tianhe Road, Guangzhou City, 510630, Guangdong Province, China.
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16
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Mawambo G, Oubaha M, Ichiyama Y, Blot G, Crespo-Garcia S, Dejda A, Binet F, Diaz-Marin R, Sawchyn C, Sergeev M, Juneau R, Kaufman RJ, Affar EB, Mallette FA, Wilson AM, Sapieha P. HIF1α-dependent hypoxia response in myeloid cells requires IRE1α. J Neuroinflammation 2023; 20:145. [PMID: 37344842 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-023-02793-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular adaptation to low oxygen tension triggers primitive pathways that ensure proper cell function. Conditions of hypoxia and low glucose are characteristic of injured tissues and hence successive waves of inflammatory cells must be suited to function under low oxygen tension and metabolic stress. While Hypoxia-Inducible Factor (HIF)-1α has been shown to be essential for the inflammatory response of myeloid cells by regulating the metabolic switch to glycolysis, less is known about how HIF1α is triggered in inflammation. Here, we demonstrate that cells of the innate immune system require activity of the inositol-requiring enzyme 1α (IRE1α/XBP1) axis in order to initiate HIF1α-dependent production of cytokines such as IL1β, IL6 and VEGF-A. Knockout of either HIF1α or IRE1α in myeloid cells ameliorates vascular phenotypes in a model of retinal pathological angiogenesis driven by sterile inflammation. Thus, pathways associated with ER stress, in partnership with HIF1α, may co-regulate immune adaptation to low oxygen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaëlle Mawambo
- Department of Biochemistry, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Centre, Université de Montréal, 5415 De L'Assomption Boulevard, Montréal, QC, H1T 2M4, Canada
| | - Malika Oubaha
- Department of Biochemistry, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Centre, Université de Montréal, 5415 De L'Assomption Boulevard, Montréal, QC, H1T 2M4, Canada
- Départment de Sciences Biologiques, Université du Québec À Montréal (UQAM), Montréal, QC, H2X 1L4, Canada
| | - Yusuke Ichiyama
- Department of Ophthalmology, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Centre, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, H1T 2M4, Canada
| | - Guillaume Blot
- Department of Biochemistry, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Centre, Université de Montréal, 5415 De L'Assomption Boulevard, Montréal, QC, H1T 2M4, Canada
- Department of Ophthalmology, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Centre, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, H1T 2M4, Canada
| | - Sergio Crespo-Garcia
- Department of Biochemistry, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Centre, Université de Montréal, 5415 De L'Assomption Boulevard, Montréal, QC, H1T 2M4, Canada
- School of Optometry, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, H3T1P1, Canada
| | - Agnieszka Dejda
- Department of Biochemistry, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Centre, Université de Montréal, 5415 De L'Assomption Boulevard, Montréal, QC, H1T 2M4, Canada
| | - François Binet
- Department of Biochemistry, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Centre, Université de Montréal, 5415 De L'Assomption Boulevard, Montréal, QC, H1T 2M4, Canada
| | - Roberto Diaz-Marin
- Department of Biochemistry, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Centre, Université de Montréal, 5415 De L'Assomption Boulevard, Montréal, QC, H1T 2M4, Canada
| | - Christina Sawchyn
- Department of Biochemistry, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Centre, Université de Montréal, 5415 De L'Assomption Boulevard, Montréal, QC, H1T 2M4, Canada
| | - Mikhail Sergeev
- Department of Biochemistry, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Centre, Université de Montréal, 5415 De L'Assomption Boulevard, Montréal, QC, H1T 2M4, Canada
| | - Rachel Juneau
- Department of Biochemistry, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Centre, Université de Montréal, 5415 De L'Assomption Boulevard, Montréal, QC, H1T 2M4, Canada
| | - Randal J Kaufman
- Degenerative Diseases Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10901 N. Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - El Bachir Affar
- Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Frédérick A Mallette
- Department of Biochemistry, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Centre, Université de Montréal, 5415 De L'Assomption Boulevard, Montréal, QC, H1T 2M4, Canada
| | - Ariel M Wilson
- Department of Biochemistry, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Centre, Université de Montréal, 5415 De L'Assomption Boulevard, Montréal, QC, H1T 2M4, Canada
| | - Przemyslaw Sapieha
- Department of Biochemistry, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Centre, Université de Montréal, 5415 De L'Assomption Boulevard, Montréal, QC, H1T 2M4, Canada.
- Department of Ophthalmology, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Centre, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, H1T 2M4, Canada.
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17
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Chen Z, Zhang SL. Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress: A Key Regulator of Cardiovascular Disease. DNA Cell Biol 2023. [PMID: 37140435 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2022.0532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The problems associated with economic development and social progress have led to an increase in the occurrence of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), which affect the health of an increasing number of people and are a leading cause of disease and population mortality worldwide. Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS), a hot topic of interest for scholars in recent years, has been confirmed in numerous studies to be an important pathogenetic basis for many metabolic diseases and play an important role in maintaining physiological processes. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a major organelle that is involved in protein folding and modification synthesis, and ERS occurs when several physiological and pathological factors allow excessive amounts of unfolded/misfolded proteins to accumulate. ERS often leads to initiation of the unfolded protein response (UPR) in a bid to re-establish tissue homeostasis; however, UPR has been documented to induce vascular remodeling and cardiomyocyte damage under various pathological conditions, leading to or accelerating the development of CVDs such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, and heart failure. In this review, we summarize the latest knowledge gained concerning ERS in terms of cardiovascular system pathophysiology, and discuss the feasibility of targeting ERS as a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of CVDs. Investigation of ERS has immense potential as a new direction for future research involving lifestyle intervention, the use of existing drugs, and the development of novel drugs that target and inhibit ERS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Chen
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Shi-Liang Zhang
- Section 4, Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
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18
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Whiteside TL. Immunosuppressive functions of melanoma cell-derived exosomes in plasma of melanoma patients. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 10:1080925. [PMID: 36684448 PMCID: PMC9853022 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1080925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor-derived exosomes (TEX) are a subset of small extracellular vesicles (sEV) present in all body fluids of patients with cancer. In plasma of patients with metastatic melanoma, numbers of exosomes produced by melanoma cells called MTEX are elevated. To study the role of MTEX in melanoma progression, immunoaffinity-based separation of MTEX from total plasma exosomes was performed. The surface of MTEX was decorated by various checkpoint inhibitory proteins, and upon coincubation with immune recipient cells, MTEX suppressed anti-tumor functions of these cells. MTEX emerge as a major mechanism of immune suppression in melanoma and thus might play a role in promoting melanoma progression.
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Zhu H, Gao M, Sun W, Liu H, Xu S, Li X. ROS/ER stress contributes to trimethyltin chloride-mediated hepatotoxicity; Tea polyphenols alleviate apoptosis and immunosuppression. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2023; 263:109505. [PMID: 36370998 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2022.109505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Trimethyltin chloride (TMT) is an organotin-based contaminant present in the water environment that poses a great threat to aquatic organisms and humans. The liver is the detoxification organ of the body and TMT exposure accumulates in the liver. Tea polyphenol (TP) is a natural antioxidant extracted from tea leaves and has been widely used as a food and feed additive. To investigate the mechanism of toxicity caused by TMT exposure on grass carp hepatocytes (L8824 cells) and the mitigating effect of TP, we established a hepatocyte model of TMT toxicity and/or TP treatment. L8824 cells were treated with 0.5 μM of TMT and/or 4 μg/mL of TP for 24 h and assayed for relevant indices. The results showed that TMT exposure caused oxidative stress, resulting in increased intracellular ROS content, resulting in intracellular ROS accumulation and increased MDA content, and inhibiting the activities of T-AOC, SOD, CAT, and GSH. Meanwhile, TMT exposure activated the endoplasmic reticulum apoptotic signaling pathway, resulting in abnormal expression of GRP78, ATF-6, IRE1, PERK, Caspase-3 and Caspase-12. In addition, TMT exposure also led to up-regulation of cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and decreased expression of IL-2, IFN-γ, and antimicrobial peptides Hepcidin, β-defensin, and LEAP2. However, the addition of TP could mitigate the above changes. In conclusion, TP can alleviate TMT exposure-mediated hepatotoxicity by inhibiting ROS/ER stress in L8824 cells. In addition, this trial enriches the cytotoxicity study of TMT and provides a new theoretical basis for the use of TP as a mitigating agent for TMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijun Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Meichen Gao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Wenying Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Huanyi Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Shiwen Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China; Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China.
| | - Xiaojing Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China.
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20
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Wu Y, Fan X, Chen S, Deng L, Jiang L, Yang S, Dong Z. Geraniol-Mediated Suppression of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Protects against Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury via the PERK-ATF4-CHOP Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010544. [PMID: 36613992 PMCID: PMC9820715 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress plays an important role in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI). Geraniol has antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory activities. Studies have shown that geraniol has a protective effect against CIRI in rats, but the exact mechanism is unclear. Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the protective mechanism of geraniol against CIRI. We established a middle cerebral artery occlusion reperfusion model in rats and a PC12 cell oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) model to observe the neuroprotective effects of geraniol. Neurological scoring, 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining, and hematoxylin and eosin staining were used to evaluate the neuroprotective effects of geraniol against CIRI. ER-stress-related and apoptosis-related protein expression was detected via Western blotting and immunofluorescence. Apoptosis was also detected via TUNEL assays and flow cytometry. The fluorescent detection of intracellular calcium was achieved using fluorescent calcium-binding dyes, and transmission electron microscopy was used to assess the neuronal ultrastructure. Geraniol effectively attenuated cerebral infarction and pathological injury after CIRI, had a protective effect against CIRI, significantly reduced the expression of the ER-stress-related proteins P-PERK, ATF4, CHOP, and GRP78 and the pro-apoptotic protein BAX, increased the expression of the anti-apoptotic protein BCL-2, and reduced the occurrence of apoptosis. In the OGD/R model in PC12 cells, the protective effect of geraniol was the same as that in vivo. Our results suggest that geraniol has a protective effect against ischemic stroke by a mechanism possibly related to ER stress via the PERK-ATF4-CHOP pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Zhi Dong
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-135-0839-3231
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21
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Huang Q, Chen Y, Zhang Z, Xue Z, Hua Z, Luo X, Li Y, Lu C, Lu A, Liu Y. The endoplasmic reticulum participated in drug metabolic toxicity. Cell Biol Toxicol 2022; 38:945-961. [PMID: 35040016 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-021-09689-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Covalent binding of reactive metabolites formed by drug metabolic activation with biological macromolecules is considered to be an important mechanism of drug metabolic toxicity. Recent studies indicate that the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) could play an important role in drug toxicity by participating in the metabolic activation of drugs and could be a primarily attacked target by reactive metabolites. In this article, we summarize the generation and mechanism of reactive metabolites in ER stress and their associated cell death and inflammatory cascade, as well as the systematic modulation of unfolded protein response (UPR)-mediated adaptive pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingcai Huang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Youwen Chen
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Zhengjia Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Zeyu Xue
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Zhenglai Hua
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Xinyi Luo
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yang Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Cheng Lu
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Aiping Lu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yuanyan Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
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22
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Li F, Ma J, Yan C, Qi Y. ER stress-related mRNA-lncRNA co-expression gene signature predicts the prognosis and immune implications of esophageal cancer. Am J Transl Res 2022; 14:8064-8084. [PMID: 36505280 PMCID: PMC9730056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Esophageal cancer (EC) is one of the most common malignant cancers in the world. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is an adaptive response to various stress conditions and has been implicated in the development of various types of cancer. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) refer to a group of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), which regulate gene expression by interacting with DNA, RNA and proteins. Accumulating evidence suggests that lncRNAs are critical regulators of gene expression in development, differentiation, and human diseases, such as cancers and heart diseases. However, the prognostic model of EC based on ER stress-related mRNA and lncRNA has not been reported. METHODS Firstly, we downloaded RNA expression profiles from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and obtained ER stress-related genes from the Molecular Signature Database (MSigDB). Next, Weighted Correlation Network Analysis (WGCNA) co-expression analysis was used to identify survival-related ER stress-related modules. Prognostic models were developed using univariate and Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analyses on the training set and validated on the test set. Afterwards, The Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve and nomogram were used to evaluate the performance of risk prediction models. Differentially expressed gene (DEG) and enrichment analysis were performed between different groups in order to identify the biological processes correlated with the risk score. Finally, the fraction of immune cell infiltration and the difference of tumor microenvironment were identified in high-risk and low-risk groups. RESULTS The WGCNA co-expression analysis identified 49 ER genes that are highly associated with EC prognosis. Using univariate Cox regression and LASSO regression analysis, we developed prognostic risk models based on nine signature genes (four mRNAs and five lncRNAs). Both in the training and in the test sets, the overall survival (OS) of EC patients in the high-risk group was significantly lower than that in the low-risk group. The Kaplan-Meier curve and the ROC curve demonstrate the prognostic model we built can precisely predict the survival with more than 70% accuracy. The correlation analysis between the risk score and the infiltration of immune cells showed that the model can indicate the state of the immune microenvironment in EC. CONCLUSION In this study, we developed a novel prognostic model for esophageal cancer based on ER stress-related mRNA-lncRNA co-expression profiles that could predict the prognosis, immune cell infiltration, and immunotherapy response in patients with EC. Our results also may provide clinicians with a quantitative tool to predict the survival time of patients and help them individualize treatment strategies for the patients with EC.
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23
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Shen Y, Cao Y, Zhou L, Wu J, Mao M. Construction of an endoplasmic reticulum stress-related gene model for predicting prognosis and immune features in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:928006. [PMID: 36120545 PMCID: PMC9478755 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.928006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) is one of the most lethal malignant tumors with a propensity for poor prognosis and difficult treatment. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress served as a pivotal role in the progression of the tumor. However, the implications of ER stress on the clinical outcome and immune features of KIRC patients still need elucidation.Methods: We identified differentially expressed ER stress-related genes between KIRC specimens and normal specimens with TCGA dataset. Then, we explored the biological function and genetic mutation of ER stress-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) by multiple bioinformatics analysis. Subsequently, LASSO analysis and univariate Cox regression analysis were applied to construct a novel prognostic model based on ER stress-related DEGs. Next, we confirmed the predictive performance of this model with the GEO dataset and explored the potential biological functions by functional enrichment analysis. Finally, KIRC patients stratified by the prognostic model were assessed for tumor microenvironment (TME), immune infiltration, and immune checkpoints through single-sample Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (ssGSEA) and ESTIMATE analysis.Results: We constructed a novel prognostic model, including eight ER stress-related DEGs, which could stratify two risk groups in KIRC. The prognostic model and a model-based nomogram could accurately predict the prognosis of KIRC patients. Functional enrichment analysis indicated several biological functions related to the progression of KIRC. The high-risk group showed higher levels of tumor infiltration by immune cells and higher immune scores.Conclusion: In this study, we constructed a novel prognostic model based on eight ER stress-related genes for KIRC patients, which would help predict the prognosis of KIRC and provide a new orientation to further research studies on personalized immunotherapy in KIRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanhao Shen
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yinghao Cao
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianfeng Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Mao
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Min Mao,
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24
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Topol IA, Polyakova IS, Elykova AV, Kamyshny AM. Peculiarities of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Regulator XBP1 Expression in the Gut-Associated Lymphoid Tissue of Wistar Rats under Chronic Stress. J EVOL BIOCHEM PHYS+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s002209302205026x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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25
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Yang R, Chen J, Jia Q, Yang X, Mehmood S. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate ameliorates renal endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated inflammation in type 2 diabetic rats. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2022; 247:1410-1419. [PMID: 35775606 PMCID: PMC9493765 DOI: 10.1177/15353702221106479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), an essential polyphenolic constituent found in tea leaves, possesses various potent biological activities. This research was undertaken to investigate the impact of EGCG against endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated inflammation and to clarify the underlying molecular mechanism in type 2 diabetic kidneys. The male rats were randomized into four groups: normal, diabetic, low-dose EGCG, and high-dose EGCG. In type 2 diabetic rats, hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia noticeably caused renal structural damage and dysfunction and aggravated ER stress. Meanwhile, sustained ER stress activated the NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome and then upregulated the contents of inflammatory cytokines in the diabetic kidney. Following supplementation with 40 mg/kg and 80 mg/kg EGCG, hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, and renal histopathological alterations and dysfunction were noticeably ameliorated; renal ER stress, NLRP3 inflammasome, and inflammatory response were markedly repressed in the EGCG treatment groups. In summary, the current study highlighted the renoprotective effects of EGCG in type 2 diabetes and its mechanisms are mainly associated with the repression of ER stress-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome overactivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Hefei Normal
University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Jinwu Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Hefei Normal
University, Hefei 230601, China;,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of
Medical Physics and Technology, Institute of Health & Medical Technology, Hefei
Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031,
China
| | - Qiang Jia
- Department of Physiology, Bengbu
Medical College, Bengbu 233030, China;,Qiang Jia.
| | - Xingxing Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Hefei Normal
University, Hefei 230601, China
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Ying H, Ruan Y, Zeng Z, Bai Y, Xu J, Chen S. Iron oxide nanoparticles size-dependently activate mouse primary macrophages via oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 105:108533. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 01/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Colonic Mucosa of Ulcerative Colitis Patients Is Mediated by PERK and IRE1 Pathway Activation. Mediators Inflamm 2022; 2022:6049500. [PMID: 35185383 PMCID: PMC8849912 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6049500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is characterized by a chronic overproduction of proinflammatory cytokines. During an acute phase, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is overloaded and the protein folding process is impaired, a condition named ER stress. This state induces a response (unfolded protein response (UPR)), initiated by the activation of IRE1/Xbp-1, PERK/eIF2α, and ATF6 pathways, which has previously been linked to intestinal inflammation in experimental models. ER stress and UPR activation trigger the activation of proinflammatory, autophagy, and apoptosis genes, in addition to promoting protein degradation. Therefore, the goal of this study was to evaluate the activation of ER stress and UPR in colonic mucosa of UC patients. Patient and Methods. Transcriptional analysis of ER stress- and UPR-related genes was performed by qPCR from intestinal mucosa of patients with UC. We also performed in situ hybridization (ISH) and immunohistochemistry (IHQ) of PERK/eIF2α and IRE1/Xbp-1 pathways and UPR-related chaperones. Results. We first evaluated inflammatory genes via qPCR, and we observed that all analyzed proinflammatory transcripts were upregulated in UC patients. ISH and IHQ images showed that ER stress is activated via PERK/eIF2α and IRE1/Xbp-1 pathways not only in intestinal epithelial cells but also in cells of the lamina propria of UC colonic mucosa. Transcriptional analysis confirmed that EIF2AK3 was upregulated in UC patients. UPR-related genes, such as ATF3, STC2, and DDIT3, along with the chaperones and cochaperones DNAJC3, CALR, HSP90B1, and HSPA5, were also upregulated in UC patients. In addition, we observed that proapoptotic and autophagy genes (Bax and ATG6L1, respectively) were also upregulated. Conclusion. Our results suggest that ER stress and UPR are indeed activated in UC patients and this may contribute to the chronic inflammatory process seen in UC. The increased apoptosis and autophagy markers further support the activation of these findings once they are activated to counterbalance tissue damage. These findings provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms that maintain UC activity and open new possibilities to attenuate intestinal inflammation.
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28
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Castro KR, Prado KM, Lorenzon AR, Hoshida MS, Alves EA, Francisco RPV, Zugaib M, Marques ALX, Silva ECO, Fonseca EJS, Borbely AU, Veras MM, Bevilacqua E. Serum From Preeclamptic Women Triggers Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Pathway and Expression of Angiogenic Factors in Trophoblast Cells. Front Physiol 2022; 12:799653. [PMID: 35185601 PMCID: PMC8855099 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.799653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) is a hypertensive disease of pregnancy-associated with placental cell death and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. It is unknown whether systemic factors aggravate placental dysfunction. We investigated whether serum factors in pregnant women with PE activate ER stress and unfolded protein responses (UPRs) in placental explants and trophoblast cells lineage. We cultured placental explants from third-trimester term placentas from control non-preeclamptic (NPE) pregnant women with serum from women with PE or controls (NPE). In PE-treated explants, there was a significant increase in gene expression of GADD34, CHOP, and SDF2. At the protein level, GRP78, SDF2, p-eIF2α, and p-eIF2α/eIF2α ratio were also augmented in treated explants. Assays were also performed in HTR8/SV-neo trophoblast cell line to characterize the putative participation of trophoblast cells. In PE serum-treated protein levels of p-eIF2a and the ratio p-elF2 α/elF2α increased after 12 h of treatment, while the gene expression of GADD34, ATF4, and CHOP was greater than control. Increased expression of SDF2 was also detected after 24 h-cultured HTR8/SV-neo cells. PE serum increased sFLT1 gene expression and decreased PlGF gene expression in placental explants. Morphologically, PE serum increased the number of syncytial knots and reduced placental cell metabolism and viability. Analysis of the serum of pregnant women with PE through Raman spectroscopy showed changes in amino acids, carotenoids, lipids, and DNA/RNA, which may be associated with the induction of ER stress found in chorionic villi treated with this serum. In conclusion, this study provides evidence that the serum of pregnant women with PE may impact placental villi changing its morphology, viability, and secreted functional factors while triggers ER stress and an UPR. The differences between PE and control sera include molecules acting as inducing factors in these processes. In summary, the results obtained in our assays suggest that after the development of PE, the serum profile of pregnant women may be an additional factor that feeds a continuous imbalance of placental homeostasis. In addition, this study may expand the possibilities for understanding the pathogenesis of this disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karla R. Castro
- Laboratory for Studies in Maternal-Fetal Interactions and Placenta, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Karen M. Prado
- Laboratory for Studies in Maternal-Fetal Interactions and Placenta, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Aline R. Lorenzon
- Laboratory for Studies in Maternal-Fetal Interactions and Placenta, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Huntington Medicina Reprodutiva—Eugin Group, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mara S. Hoshida
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo – HCFMUSP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eliane A. Alves
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo – HCFMUSP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rossana P. V. Francisco
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo – HCFMUSP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Zugaib
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo – HCFMUSP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Aldilane L. X. Marques
- Cell Biology Laboratory, Institute of Health and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceio, Brazil
| | - Elaine C. O. Silva
- Optics and Nanoscopy Group, Institute of Physics, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceio, Brazil
| | - Eduardo J. S. Fonseca
- Optics and Nanoscopy Group, Institute of Physics, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceio, Brazil
| | - Alexandre U. Borbely
- Cell Biology Laboratory, Institute of Health and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceio, Brazil
| | - Mariana M. Veras
- Laboratory of Experimental Air Pollution, Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Estela Bevilacqua
- Laboratory for Studies in Maternal-Fetal Interactions and Placenta, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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29
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Lima JEBF, Moreira NCS, Sakamoto-Hojo ET. Mechanisms underlying the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes: From risk factors to oxidative stress, metabolic dysfunction, and hyperglycemia. MUTATION RESEARCH. GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2022; 874-875:503437. [PMID: 35151421 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2021.503437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a complex multifactorial disease that emerges from the combination of genetic and environmental factors, and obesity, lifestyle, and aging are the most relevant risk factors. Hyperglycemia is the main metabolic feature of T2D as a consequence of insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction. Among the cellular alterations induced by hyperglycemia, the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and consequently oxidative stress, accompanied by a reduced antioxidant response and impaired DNA repair pathways, represent essential mechanisms underlying the pathophysiology of T2D and the development of late complications. Mitochondrial dysfunction, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and inflammation are also closely correlated with insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction. This review focus on the mechanisms by which oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, ER stress, and inflammation are involved in the pathophysiology of T2D, highlighting the importance of the antioxidant response and DNA repair mechanisms counteracting the development of the disease. Moreover, we indicate evidence on how nutritional interventions effectively improve diabetes care. Additionally, we address key molecular characteristics and signaling pathways shared between T2D and Alzheimer's disease (AD), which might probably be implicated in the risk of T2D patients to develop AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica E B F Lima
- Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo - USP, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Natalia C S Moreira
- Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo - USP, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Elza T Sakamoto-Hojo
- Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo - USP, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil; Department of Biology, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters at Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
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30
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Mechanisms contributing to adverse outcomes of COVID-19 in obesity. Mol Cell Biochem 2022; 477:1155-1193. [PMID: 35084674 PMCID: PMC8793096 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-022-04356-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
A growing amount of epidemiological data from multiple countries indicate an increased prevalence of obesity, more importantly central obesity, among hospitalized subjects with COVID-19. This suggests that obesity is a major factor contributing to adverse outcome of the disease. As it is a metabolic disorder with dysregulated immune and endocrine function, it is logical that dysfunctional metabolism contributes to the mechanisms behind obesity being a risk factor for adverse outcome in COVID-19. Emerging data suggest that in obese subjects, (a) the molecular mechanisms of viral entry and spread mediated through ACE2 receptor, a multifunctional host cell protein which links to cellular homeostasis mechanisms, are affected. This includes perturbation of the physiological renin-angiotensin system pathway causing pro-inflammatory and pro-thrombotic challenges (b) existent metabolic overload and ER stress-induced UPR pathway make obese subjects vulnerable to severe COVID-19, (c) host cell response is altered involving reprogramming of metabolism and epigenetic mechanisms involving microRNAs in line with changes in obesity, and (d) adiposopathy with altered endocrine, adipokine, and cytokine profile contributes to altered immune cell metabolism, systemic inflammation, and vascular endothelial dysfunction, exacerbating COVID-19 pathology. In this review, we have examined the available literature on the underlying mechanisms contributing to obesity being a risk for adverse outcome in COVID-19.
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31
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Silveira DB, Américo MF, Flores NP, Terenzi H, Pinto AR. Pharmacological inhibition of
UPR
sensor
PERK
attenuates
HIV
Tat‐induced inflammatory
M1
phenotype in microglial cells. Cell Biochem Funct 2022; 40:163-174. [DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Douglas Bardini Silveira
- Laboratório de Imunologia Aplicada, Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina Florianópolis Brazil
| | - Monique Ferrary Américo
- Laboratório de Imunologia Aplicada, Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina Florianópolis Brazil
| | - Natália Porto Flores
- Laboratório de Biologia Estrutural, Departamento de Bioquímica Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina Florianópolis Brazil
| | - Hernán Terenzi
- Laboratório de Biologia Estrutural, Departamento de Bioquímica Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina Florianópolis Brazil
| | - Aguinaldo Roberto Pinto
- Laboratório de Imunologia Aplicada, Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina Florianópolis Brazil
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Liu Z, Wang M, Zhang C, Zhou S, Ji G. Molecular Functions of Ceruloplasmin in Metabolic Disease Pathology. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2022; 15:695-711. [PMID: 35264864 PMCID: PMC8901420 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s346648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ceruloplasmin (CP) is a multicopper oxidase and antioxidant that is mainly produced in the liver. CP not only plays a crucial role in the metabolic balance of copper and iron through its oxidase function but also exhibits antioxidant activity. In addition, CP is an acute-phase protein. In addition to being associated with aceruloplasminemia and neurodegenerative diseases such as Wilson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease, CP also plays an important role in metabolic diseases, which are caused by metabolic disorders and vigorous metabolism, mainly including diabetes, obesity, hyperlipidemia, etc. Based on the physiological functions of CP, we provide an overview of the association of type 2 diabetes, obesity, hyperlipidemia, coronary heart disease, CP oxidative stress, inflammation, and metabolism of copper and iron. Studies have shown that metabolic diseases are closely related to systemic inflammation, oxidative stress, and disorders of copper and iron metabolism. Therefore, we conclude that CP, which can reduce the formation of free radicals in tissues, can be induced during inflammation and infection, and can correct the metabolic disorder of copper and iron, has protective and diagnostic effects on metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhidong Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Miao Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chunbo Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330031, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shigao Zhou
- Department of Internal Medicine of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guang Ji
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Guang Ji, Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 725 South Wanping Road, Shanghai, 200032, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 18156416071, Fax +86 21-64385700, Email
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Huang J, Zhou Q, Ren Q, Luo L, Ji G, Zheng T. Endoplasmic reticulum stress associates with the development of intervertebral disc degeneration. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1094394. [PMID: 36714579 PMCID: PMC9877331 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1094394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an important player in various intracellular signaling pathways that regulate cellular functions in many diseases. Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD), an age-related degenerative disease, is one of the main clinical causes of low back pain. Although the pathological development of IDD is far from being fully elucidated, many studies have been shown that ER stress (ERS) is involved in IDD development and regulates various processes, such as inflammation, cellular senescence and apoptosis, excessive mechanical loading, metabolic disturbances, oxidative stress, calcium homeostasis imbalance, and extracellular matrix (ECM) dysregulation. This review summarizes the formation of ERS and the potential link between ERS and IDD development. ERS can be a promising new therapeutic target for the clinical management of IDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jishang Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Qingluo Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Qun Ren
- College of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Liliang Luo
- Department of Orthopedics, Shangyou Hospital of traditional Chinese Medicine, Ganzhou, China
| | - Guanglin Ji
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Tiansheng Zheng
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Tiansheng Zheng,
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Wang Z, Jiao P, Zhong Y, Ji H, Zhang Y, Song H, Du H, Ding X, Wu H. The Endoplasmic Reticulum-Stressed Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells Induced Exosomal miR-424-5p Inhibits Angiogenesis and Migration of Humanumbilical Vein Endothelial Cells Through LAMC1-Mediated Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway. Cell Transplant 2022; 31:9636897221083549. [PMID: 35315295 PMCID: PMC8943634 DOI: 10.1177/09636897221083549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Under endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, tumor plays multifaceted roles in
endothelial cell dysfunction through secreting exosomal miRNAs. However, for the
head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), it is still unclear about the
impact of ER-stressed HNSCC cell derived exosomes on vascular endothelial cells.
To address this gap, herein, systemic research was conducted including isolation
and characterization of ER-stressed HNSCC cell (HN4 cell line as an in
vitro model) derived exosomes, identification of regulatory
exosomal miRNAs, target exploration and downstream signaling pathway
investigation of exosomal miRNAs in human umbilical vein endothelial cell
(HUVEC). ER-stressed HN4 cell-derived exosomes inhibited angiogenesis and
migration of HUVEC cells in vitro. Furthermore, RNA-seq
analysis demonstrated that miR-424-5p was highly upregulated in ER-stressed HN4
cell-derived exosomes. Through matrigel tube formation and transwell assays of
HUVEC cells, miR-424-5p displayed great capabilities on inhibiting angiogenesis
and migration. Finally, based on western blot and luciferase reporter, it was
demonstrated that LAMC1 is the target of miR-424-5p which could inhibit the
angiogenesis and migration of HUVEC cells by repressing the LAMC1-mediated
Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. ER-stressed HNSCC cell-induced exosomal
miR-424-5p inhibits angiogenesis and migration of HUVEC cells through
LAMC1-mediated Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. This study offers a new insight
for understanding the complicated mechanism behind ER-stress induced
anti-angiogenesis of HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyu Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Pengfei Jiao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yi Zhong
- Department of General Dentistry, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Huan Ji
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yaqin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Haiyang Song
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of General Dentistry, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongming Du
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xu Ding
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Heming Wu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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35
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Yamazoe T, Nakahara Y, Katsube H, Inoue YH. Expression of Human Mutant Preproinsulins Induced Unfolded Protein Response, Gadd45 Expression, JAK-STAT Activation, and Growth Inhibition in Drosophila. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:12038. [PMID: 34769468 PMCID: PMC8584581 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222112038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the insulin gene (INS) are frequently associated with human permanent neonatal diabetes mellitus. However, the mechanisms underlying the onset of this genetic disease is not sufficiently decoded. We induced expression of two types of human mutant INSs in Drosophila using its ectopic expression system and investigated the resultant responses in development. Expression of the wild-type preproinsulin in the insulin-producing cells (IPCs) throughout the larval stage led to a stimulation of the overall and wing growth. However, ectopic expression of human mutant preproinsulins, hINSC96Y and hINSLB15YB16delinsH, neither of which secreted from the β-cells, could not stimulate the Drosophila growth. Furthermore, neither of the mutant polypeptides induced caspase activation leading to apoptosis. Instead, they induced expression of several markers indicating the activation of unfolded protein response, such as ER stress-dependent Xbp1 mRNA splicing and ER chaperone induction. We newly found that the mutant polypeptides induced the expression of Growth arrest and DNA-damage-inducible 45 (Gadd45) in imaginal disc cells. ER stress induced by hINSC96Y also activated the JAK-STAT signaling, involved in inflammatory responses. Collectively, we speculate that the diabetes-like growth defects appeared as a consequence of the human mutant preproinsulin expression was involved in dysfunction of the IPCs, rather than apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yoshihiro H. Inoue
- Department of Insect Biomedical Research, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Kyoto 606-0962, Sakyo, Japan; (T.Y.); (Y.N.); (H.K.)
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36
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Li B, Cheng X, Aierken A, Du J, He W, Zhang M, Tan N, Kou Z, Peng S, Jia W, Tang H, Hua J. Melatonin Promotes the Therapeutic Effect of Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus by Regulating TGF-β Pathway. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:722365. [PMID: 34722505 PMCID: PMC8554153 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.722365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Abundant evidence proves the therapeutic effect of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) in the treatment of diabetes mellitus. However, the problems have not been solved that viability of ADMSCs were inconsistent and the cells quickly undergo senescence after in vitro cell culture. In addition, the therapeutic effect of ADMSCs is still not satisfactory. In this study, melatonin (MLT) was added to canine ADMSC culture medium, and the treated cells were used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Our research reveals that adding MLT to ADMSC culture medium can promote the viability of ADMSCs. This effect depends on the binding of MLT and MLT receptors, which activates the transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) pathway and then changes the cell cycle of ADMSCs and improves the viability of ADMSCs. Since ADMSCs were found to be used to treat T2DM by anti-inflammatory and anti-endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress capabilities, our data demonstrate that MLT augment several effects of ADMSCs in remission hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, and liver glycogen metabolism in T2DM patients. This suggest that ADMSCs and MLT-ADMSCs is safe and vabulable for pet clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balun Li
- Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Xuedi Cheng
- Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Aili Aierken
- Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Jiaxin Du
- Department of Animal Engineering, Yangling Vocational and Technical College, Xianyang, China.,Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Institute of Preventive Veterinary Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenlai He
- Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Mengfei Zhang
- Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Ning Tan
- Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Zheng Kou
- Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Sha Peng
- Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Wenwen Jia
- Shanghai East Hospital, East Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haiyang Tang
- Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Jinlian Hua
- Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
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Deficiency of β-arrestin2 alleviates apoptosis through GRP78-ATF6-CHOP signaling pathway in primary Sjögren's syndrome. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 101:108281. [PMID: 34710848 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.108281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The etiology of primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) remains unknown, and there is no ideal drug for the specific treatment of pSS. β-arrestin2 is a key protein that mediates desensitization and internalization of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and it participates in inflammatory and immune responses that have been found to mediate apoptosis in autoimmune disease. In this study, we established an experimental Sjögren's syndrome (ESS) mouse model to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of β-arrestin2 in pSS. First, excessive activation of β-arrestin2 and GRP78-ATF6-CHOP apoptosis signaling were detected in specimens from pSS patients. In vivo, we found that inhibition of GRP78-ATF6-CHOP apoptosis signaling improved ESS symptoms, and the targeted deletion of β-arrestin2 significantly increased saliva flow, alleviated salivary gland indices, and improved tissue integrity in the ESS model by downregulating GRP78-ATF6-CHOP apoptosis signaling. In vitro, we used IFNα to stimulate human salivary gland epithelial cells (HSGECs), and the results showed that IFNα activated GRP78-ATF6-CHOP apoptosis signaling, decreased cell viability, and induced apoptosis, which were negatively regulated by the ERS inhibitor 4-PBA. In addition, β-arrestin2 depletion downregulated GRP78-ATF6-CHOP apoptosis signaling to alleviate cell apoptosis, and the effect depended on the interaction between GRP78 and β-arrestin2. In summary, our results suggest that excessive activation of GRP78-ATF6-CHOP apoptosis signaling is involved in the pathogenesis of pSS and that β-arrestin2 encourages inflammation-induced epithelial apoptosis through GRP78-ATF6-CHOP apoptosis signaling. This research further clarified the underlying role of β-arrestin2 and provided an experimental foundation for β-arrestin2 depletion in the treatment of the human autoimmune disorder pSS.
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38
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Eltokhy AK, Toema O, El-Deeb OS. The Correlation Between PINK-1/Parkin Mediated Mitophagy, Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Total Polyamines in Pediatric Bronchial Asthma: An Integrated Network of Pathways. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 49:227-235. [PMID: 34714483 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06861-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pediatric bronchial asthma signifies a frequent chronic inflammatory airway disorder influencing many children. Despite its irrefutable importance, its exact pathogenesis is not completely elucidated. AIM OF THE STUDY The study aimed to investigate the correlation between mitophagy machinery proteins, ER stress biomarkers and total polyamine and their role in disease progression via targeting NF-κB mechanisms. METHODS Sixty children with atopic bronchial asthma were enrolled in the study, they were allocated into 2 equal groups (mild/moderate and severe atopic asthmatic groups). Thirty age-matched healthy control subjects were also included in the study to represent the control group. Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN)-induced kinase-1 (PINK-1) and Parkin messenger RNA (mRNA) expressions were assessed by (RT-PCR) technique. Levels of inositol requiring enzyme 1α (IRE1α), total polyamines, interleukin 6 & 8 (IL-6, IL-8) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Oxidative stress (OS) biomarkers were also measured. RESULTS PINK-1 and PARK mRNA expressions were significantly upregulated in asthmatic patients. Likewise, the level of IRE1α, total polyamines, inflammatory cytokines, and OS biomarkers were significantly elevated in asthmatic groups comparing to control group with the highest levels noticed in severe atopic asthmatic group. CONCLUSION the study documented a correlation between mitophagy machinery proteins, ER stress biomarkers and total polyamines that may pave a new platform to understand pediatric asthma pathogenesis and could be used as reliable biomarkers to evaluate disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amira Kamel Eltokhy
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, El Geesh Street, Tanta, Egypt.
| | - Osama Toema
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Omnia Safwat El-Deeb
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, El Geesh Street, Tanta, Egypt
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39
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Shastri S, Shinde T, Woolley KL, Smith JA, Gueven N, Eri R. Short-Chain Naphthoquinone Protects Against Both Acute and Spontaneous Chronic Murine Colitis by Alleviating Inflammatory Responses. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:709973. [PMID: 34497514 PMCID: PMC8419285 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.709973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is characterised by chronic, relapsing, idiopathic, and multifactorial colon inflammation. Recent evidence suggests that mitochondrial dysfunction plays a critical role in the onset and recurrence of this disease. Previous reports highlighted the potential of short-chain quinones (SCQs) for the treatment of mitochondrial dysfunction due to their reversible redox characteristics. We hypothesised that a recently described potent mitoprotective SCQ (UTA77) could ameliorate UC symptoms and pathology. In a dextran sodium sulphate- (DSS-) induced acute colitis model in C57BL/6J mice, UTA77 substantially improved DSS-induced body weight loss, disease activity index (DAI), colon length, and histopathology. UTA77 administration also significantly increased the expression of tight junction (TJ) proteins occludin and zona-occludin 1 (ZO-1), which preserved intestinal barrier integrity. Similar responses were observed in the spontaneous Winnie model of chronic colitis, where UTA77 significantly improved DAI, colon length, and histopathology. Furthermore, UTA77 potently suppressed elevated levels of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines in colonic explants of both DSS-treated and Winnie mice. These results strongly suggest that UTA77 or its derivatives could be a promising novel therapeutic approach for the treatment of human UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Shastri
- Gut Health Laboratory, School of Health Sciences, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Launceston, TAS, Australia
| | - Tanvi Shinde
- Gut Health Laboratory, School of Health Sciences, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Launceston, TAS, Australia.,Centre for Food Innovation, Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Launceston, TAS, Australia
| | - Krystel L Woolley
- School of Natural Sciences-Chemistry, College of Science and Engineering, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - Jason A Smith
- School of Natural Sciences-Chemistry, College of Science and Engineering, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - Nuri Gueven
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - Rajaraman Eri
- Gut Health Laboratory, School of Health Sciences, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Launceston, TAS, Australia
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40
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Bainter W, Platt CD, Park SY, Stafstrom K, Wallace JG, Peters ZT, Massaad MJ, Becuwe M, Salinas SA, Jones J, Beaussant-Cohen S, Jaber F, Yang JS, Walther TC, Orange JS, Rao C, Rakoff-Nahoum S, Tsokos M, Naseem SUR, Al-Tamemi S, Chou J, Hsu VW, Geha RS. Combined immunodeficiency due to a mutation in the γ1 subunit of the coat protein I complex. J Clin Invest 2021; 131:140494. [PMID: 33529166 DOI: 10.1172/jci140494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The coat protein I (COPI) complex mediates retrograde trafficking from the Golgi to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Five siblings with persistent bacterial and viral infections and defective humoral and cellular immunity had a homozygous p.K652E mutation in the γ1 subunit of COPI (γ1-COP). The mutation disrupts COPI binding to the KDEL receptor and impairs the retrieval of KDEL-bearing chaperones from the Golgi to the ER. Homozygous Copg1K652E mice had increased ER stress in activated T and B cells, poor antibody responses, and normal numbers of T cells that proliferated normally, but underwent increased apoptosis upon activation. Exposure of the mutants to pet store mice caused weight loss, lymphopenia, and defective T cell proliferation that recapitulated the findings in the patients. The ER stress-relieving agent tauroursodeoxycholic acid corrected the immune defects of the mutants and reversed the phenotype they acquired following exposure to pet store mice. This study establishes the role of γ1-COP in the ER retrieval of KDEL-bearing chaperones and thereby the importance of ER homeostasis in adaptive immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wayne Bainter
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Craig D Platt
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Seung-Yeol Park
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation and Immunity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Kelsey Stafstrom
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jacqueline G Wallace
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Zachary T Peters
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Michel J Massaad
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Michel Becuwe
- Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases and Department of Molecular Metabolism, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sandra Andrea Salinas
- Division of Immunogenetics, Department of Pediatrics, Morgan Stanley Children's Hospital of New York Presbyterian, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jennifer Jones
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sarah Beaussant-Cohen
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Faris Jaber
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jia-Shu Yang
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation and Immunity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Tobias C Walther
- Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases and Department of Molecular Metabolism, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jordan S Orange
- Division of Immunogenetics, Department of Pediatrics, Morgan Stanley Children's Hospital of New York Presbyterian, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Chitong Rao
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Seth Rakoff-Nahoum
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Maria Tsokos
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Salem Al-Tamemi
- Department of Child Health, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Oman
| | - Janet Chou
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Victor W Hsu
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation and Immunity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Raif S Geha
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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41
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Samidurai M, Palanisamy BN, Bargues-Carot A, Hepker M, Kondru N, Manne S, Zenitsky G, Jin H, Anantharam V, Kanthasamy AG, Kanthasamy A. PKC Delta Activation Promotes Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress (ERS) and NLR Family Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 (NLRP3) Inflammasome Activation Subsequent to Asynuclein-Induced Microglial Activation: Involvement of Thioredoxin-Interacting Protein (TXNIP)/Thioredoxin (Trx) Redoxisome Pathway. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:661505. [PMID: 34276337 PMCID: PMC8283807 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.661505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A classical hallmark of Parkinson's disease (PD) pathogenesis is the accumulation of misfolded alpha-synuclein (αSyn) within Lewy bodies and Lewy neurites, although its role in microglial dysfunction and resultant dopaminergic (DAergic) neurotoxicity is still elusive. Previously, we identified that protein kinase C delta (PKCδ) is activated in post mortem PD brains and experimental Parkinsonism and that it participates in reactive microgliosis; however, the relationship between PKCδ activation, endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and the reactive microglial activation state in the context of α-synucleinopathy is largely unknown. Herein, we show that oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation, and PKCδ activation increased concomitantly with ERS markers, including the activating transcription factor 4 (ATF-4), serine/threonine-protein kinase/endoribonuclease inositol-requiring enzyme 1α (p-IRE1α), p-eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2α) as well as increased generation of neurotoxic cytokines, including IL-1β in aggregated αSynagg-stimulated primary microglia. Importantly, in mouse primary microglia-treated with αSynagg we observed increased expression of Thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP), an endogenous inhibitor of the thioredoxin (Trx) pathway, a major antioxidant protein system. Additionally, αSynagg promoted interaction between NLRP3 and TXNIP in these cells. In vitro knockdown of PKCδ using siRNA reduced ERS and led to reduced expression of TXNIP and the NLRP3 activation response in αSynagg-stimulated mouse microglial cells (MMCs). Additionally, attenuation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mitoROS) via mito-apocynin and amelioration of ERS via the eIF2α inhibitor salubrinal (SAL) reduced the induction of the ERS/TXNIP/NLRP3 signaling axis, suggesting that mitochondrial dysfunction and ERS may act in concert to promote the αSynagg-induced microglial activation response. Likewise, knockdown of TXNIP by siRNA attenuated the αSynagg-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation response. Finally, unilateral injection of αSyn preformed fibrils (αSynPFF) into the striatum of wild-type mice induced a significant increase in the expression of nigral p-PKCδ, ERS markers, and upregulation of the TXNIP/NLRP3 inflammasome signaling axis prior to delayed loss of TH+ neurons. Together, our results suggest that inhibition of ERS and its downstream signaling mediators TXNIP and NLRP3 might represent novel therapeutic avenues for ameliorating microglia-mediated neuroinflammation in PD and other synucleinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manikandan Samidurai
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Bharathi N Palanisamy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Alejandra Bargues-Carot
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Monica Hepker
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Naveen Kondru
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Sireesha Manne
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Gary Zenitsky
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Huajun Jin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Vellareddy Anantharam
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Anumantha G Kanthasamy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Arthi Kanthasamy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
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42
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Xu X, Li Q, Li L, Zeng M, Zhou X, Cheng Z. Endoplasmic reticulum stress/XBP1 promotes airway mucin secretion under the influence of neutrophil elastase. Int J Mol Med 2021; 47:81. [PMID: 33760106 PMCID: PMC7979262 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2021.4914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is an important reaction of airway epithelial cells in response to various stimuli, and may also be involved in the mucin secretion process. In the present study, the effect of ER stress on neutrophil elastase (NE)-induced mucin (MUC)5AC production in human airway epithelial cells was explored. 16HBE14o-airway epithelial cells were cultured and pre-treated with the reactive oxygen species (ROS) inhibitor, N-acetylcysteine (NAC), or the ER stress chemical inhibitor, 4-phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA), or the cells were transfected with inositol-requiring kinase 1α (IRE1α) small interfering RNA (siRNA) or X-box-binding protein 1 (XBP1) siRNA, respectively, and subsequently incubated with NE. The results obtained revealed that NE increased ROS production in the 16HBE14o-cells, with marked increases in the levels of ER stress-associated proteins, such as glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6), phosphorylated protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (pPERK) and phosphorylated (p)IRE1α. The protein and mRNA levels of spliced XBP1 were also increased, and the level of MUC5AC protein was notably increased. The ROS scavenger NAC and ER stress inhibitor 4-PBA were found to reduce ER stress-associated protein expression and MUC5AC production and secretion. Further analyses revealed that MUC5AC secretion was also attenuated by IRE1α and XBP1 siRNAs, accompanied by a decreased mRNA expression of spliced XBP1. Taken together, these results demonstrate that NE induces ER stress by promoting ROS production in 16HBE14o-airway epithelial cells, leading to increases in MUC5AC protein production and secretion via the IRE1α and XBP1 signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Xu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Shinan, Qingdao 266071, P.R. China
| | - Qi Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 570102, P.R. China
| | - Liang Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 570102, P.R. China
| | - Man Zeng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 570102, P.R. China
| | - Xiangdong Zhou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 570102, P.R. China
| | - Zhaozhong Cheng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Shinan, Qingdao 266071, P.R. China
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43
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Ji C, Yi H, Huang J, Zhang W, Zheng M. Propofol alleviates inflammation and apoptosis in HCY‑induced HUVECs by inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress. Mol Med Rep 2021; 23:333. [PMID: 33760174 PMCID: PMC7974316 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.11972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a chronic vascular inflammatory disease, and is associated with oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction. Homocysteine (HCY) can cause damage to endothelial cells via the enhancement of the endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) pathway. Propofol has a protective effect on endothelial injury and can suppress inflammation and oxidation. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the protective effect of propofol on HCY-induced inflammation and apoptosis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). HCY was used to establish the endothelial injury model. Cell Counting Kit-8 assays and flow cytometry were used to detect cell viability and apoptosis, respectively. Then, ELISA was performed to examine the expression levels of inflammatory cytokines, and the expression levels of proteins related to inflammation, apoptosis and ERS were determined via western blotting. Results showed that propofol increased cell viability, suppressed NF-κB signaling pathway activation and decreased the expression levels of inflammatory factors in HUVECs induced by HCY. Moreover, propofol could inhibit the expression of proteins involved in ERS, including ER chaperone BiP (Bip), C/EBP-homologous protein, protein kinase R-like ER kinase and inositol-requiring 1α, and reduce cell apoptosis of HCY-induced HUVECs. However, the overexpression of Bip could reactivate ERS and the NF-κB signaling pathway, as well as promote inflammation and cell apoptosis, when compared with HCY-treated groups. In conclusion, propofol can ameliorate inflammation and cell apoptosis of HUVECs induced by HCY via inhibiting ERS, which may provide a novel insight into the treatment of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cunliang Ji
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Hu Yi
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine CSU, Zhuzhou Central Hospital, Zhuzhou, Hunan 412000, P.R. China
| | - Jing Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine CSU, Zhuzhou Central Hospital, Zhuzhou, Hunan 412000, P.R. China
| | - Wenzhong Zhang
- School of Safety Engineering, North China Institute of Science and Technology, Langfang, Hebei 065201, P.R. China
| | - Mingzhi Zheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine CSU, Zhuzhou Central Hospital, Zhuzhou, Hunan 412000, P.R. China
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44
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Park SK, Yeon SH, Choi MR, Choi SH, Lee SB, Rha KS, Kim YM. Urban Particulate Matters May Affect Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Tight Junction Disruption in Nasal Epithelial Cells. Am J Rhinol Allergy 2021; 35:817-829. [PMID: 33736454 DOI: 10.1177/19458924211004006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to airborne urban particulate matter (UPM) has been closely related to the development and aggravation of respiratory disease, including sinonasal disorders. OBJECTIVE The aims of this study were to investigate the effect of UPM on nasal epithelial tight junctions (TJs) and mucosal barrier function and delineate the underlying mechanism by using both in vitro and in vivo models. METHODS In this study, human nasal epithelial cells (hNECs) and BALB/c mice were exposed to UPMs. UPM 1648a and 1649 b were employed. TJ and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress marker expression was measured using western blot analysis and immunofluorescence. TJ integrity and nasal epithelial barrier function were evaluated by transepithelial electric resistance (TER) and paracellular flux. In addition, the effects of N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) on UPM-induced nasal epithelial cells were investigated. RESULTS UPM significantly impaired the nasal epithelial barrier, as demonstrated by decreased protein expression of TJ and ER stress markers in human nasal epithelial cells. This finding was in parallel to reduced transepithelial electrical resistance and increased fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran permeability. Pretreatment with NAC decreased the degree of UPM-mediated ER stress and restored nasal epithelial barrier disruption in human nasal epithelial cells (hNEC) and the nasal mucosa of experimental animals. CONCLUSION These data suggest that UPMs may induce nasal epithelial barrier dysfunction by targeting TJs and ER stress could be related in this process. Based on these results, we suggest that suppression of this process with an inhibitor targeting ER stress responses could represent a novel promising therapeutic target in UPM-induced sinonasal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo Kyoung Park
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Hee Yeon
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Ra Choi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.,Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hyeon Choi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.,Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Bok Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Sang Rha
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Min Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.,Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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45
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Nan B, Yang C, Li L, Ye H, Yan H, Wang M, Yuan Y. Allicin alleviated acrylamide-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation via oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress in Kupffer cells and SD rats liver. Food Chem Toxicol 2021; 148:111937. [PMID: 33348049 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Acrylamide (AA) in heat-processed food leads to widespread concerns due to its hepatotoxicity. Allicin, a plant-derived antioxidant, possesses a significant protective effect on AA-induced hepatotoxicity, but the mechanism is still unclear. Herein, we investigated the mechanism in Kupffer cells and SD rats liver. Molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulation and LigPlus software speculated that allicin inhibited the activity of CYP2E1 expression by binding to its amino acid residues Phe116, Phe207, Leu210, Phe298, Ala299, Thr303, Val364 and Phe478 through hydrophobic interactions. Allicin decreased the reactive oxygen species (ROS) release and CYP2E1 protein expression and then alleviated the appearance of OS. Meanwhile, allicin significantly reduced ERS characteristic proteins GRP78, CHOP and UPR branch IRE1α pathway key proteins p-IRE, p-ASK, TRAF2 and XBP-1s expression. Simultaneously, allicin ameliorated OS and ERS activation, which inhibited the activation of the MAPK and NF-κB pathways, and down-regulated JNK, ERK, p38, p65 and IκBα phosphorylation. Allicin pre-treatment inhibited AA-induced inflammation as evidenced by reducing NLRP3 inflammasome activation, decreasing Cleaved-Caspase-1 expression as well as IL-1β, IL-18, IL-6 and TNF-α secretion. Taken together, our data provide new insights into possible signaling pathways involved in allicin attenuating AA-induced hepatotoxicity in vivo and in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Nan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Chaoyue Yang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Lu Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Haiqing Ye
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Haiyang Yan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Minghua Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China.
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Zhang Y, Yang S, Fu J, Liu A, Liu D, Cao S. Inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum stress prevents high-fat diet mediated atrial fibrosis and fibrillation. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:13660-13668. [PMID: 33135380 PMCID: PMC7754029 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a significant risk factor for atrial fibrillation (AF), which is the most common sustained arrhythmia with increased mortality and morbidity. High-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity is associated with the activation of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS). However, the role of ERS in HFD-induced AF remains elusive. Human atrium samples were examined for the ERS activation test. C57BL/6J mice were divided into four groups, including the control group, the HFD group, the 4-phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA) group, and the HFD + 4-PBA group. At the age of 4 weeks, the HFD group and the HFD + 4-PBA group were given HFD to construct the obesity model, while the other two groups were given a normal diet (ND). Transesophageal programmed electrical stimulation was conducted to evaluate the AF inducibility and duration. Atrial fibrosis and ERS activation were also investigated.We found that CHOP and GRP-78 protein were significantly higher in overweight patients than the controls (both P < 0.05). AF inducibility and duration of the HFD group were significantly higher than the other groups (both P < 0.05), while there was no difference between those groups (P > 0.05). The mice of the HFD group had significantly higher collagen volume fraction (CVF%) than the other groups (P < 0.05). ERS marker protein of GRP78, p-PERK, ATF6 and CHOP protein expression level was increased in the HFD group, which were significantly mitigated in the HFD + 4-PBA group. In summary, HFD-induced ERS activation facilitates atrial fibrosis and AF. The inhibition of ERS might alleviate atrial fibrosis and reduce the incidence of AF-associated obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Department of General Practice/VIP Medical ServiceBeijing HospitalNational Center of GerontologyBeijingChina
- Institute of Geriatric MedicineChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Shuwen Yang
- Department of General Practice/VIP Medical ServiceBeijing HospitalNational Center of GerontologyBeijingChina
- Institute of Geriatric MedicineChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Jing Fu
- Department of General Practice/VIP Medical ServiceBeijing HospitalNational Center of GerontologyBeijingChina
- Institute of Geriatric MedicineChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Annan Liu
- Department of General Practice/VIP Medical ServiceBeijing HospitalNational Center of GerontologyBeijingChina
- Institute of Geriatric MedicineChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Deping Liu
- Institute of Geriatric MedicineChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina
- Department of CardiologyBeijing HospitalNational Center of GerontologyBeijingChina
| | - Suyan Cao
- Department of General Practice/VIP Medical ServiceBeijing HospitalNational Center of GerontologyBeijingChina
- Institute of Geriatric MedicineChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina
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47
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Kaur N, Raja R, Ruiz-Velasco A, Liu W. Cellular Protein Quality Control in Diabetic Cardiomyopathy: From Bench to Bedside. Front Cardiovasc Med 2020; 7:585309. [PMID: 33195472 PMCID: PMC7593653 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2020.585309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure is a serious comorbidity and the most common cause of mortality in diabetes patients. Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) features impaired cellular structure and function, culminating in heart failure; however, there is a dearth of specific clinical therapy for treating DCM. Protein homeostasis is pivotal for the maintenance of cellular viability under physiological and pathological conditions, particularly in the irreplaceable cardiomyocytes; therefore, it is tightly regulated by a protein quality control (PQC) system. Three evolutionarily conserved molecular processes, the unfolded protein response (UPR), the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS), and autophagy, enhance protein turnover and preserve protein homeostasis by suppressing protein translation, degrading misfolded or unfolded proteins in cytosol or organelles, disposing of damaged and toxic proteins, recycling essential amino acids, and eliminating insoluble protein aggregates. In response to increased cellular protein demand under pathological insults, including the diabetic condition, a coordinated PQC system retains cardiac protein homeostasis and heart performance, on the contrary, inappropriate PQC function exaggerates cardiac proteotoxicity with subsequent heart dysfunction. Further investigation of the PQC mechanisms in diabetes propels a more comprehensive understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of DCM and opens new prospective treatment strategies for heart disease and heart failure in diabetes patients. In this review, the function and regulation of cardiac PQC machinery in diabetes mellitus, and the therapeutic potential for the diabetic heart are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namrita Kaur
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Rida Raja
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Andrea Ruiz-Velasco
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Wei Liu
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
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48
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Chen Y, Guo Y, Li J, Chen YY, Liu Q, Tan L, Gao ZR, Zhang SH, Zhou YH, Feng YZ. Endoplasmic reticulum stress remodels alveolar bone formation after tooth extraction. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:12411-12420. [PMID: 32996245 PMCID: PMC7687007 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone healing in tooth extraction sockets occurs in a complex environment containing saliva and many microorganisms and is affected by many factors. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress affects bone metabolism, but the role of ER stress in bone healing after tooth extraction remains unclear. We utilized a rat tooth extraction model, in which we promoted wound healing by using salubrinal to regulate the ER stress response. Western blot analysis showed increased expression of p‐eIF2α/eIF2α, Runx2 and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in bone tissue, and histological assays showed irregularly arranged and new bone with more collagen fibres 14 days after tooth extraction and after modulating the degree of ER stress. Micro‐CT showed that modulating ER stress to an appropriate degree increases bone filling in regards to the density in the bottom and the surrounding bone wall of the tooth extraction wounds. Transmission electron microscopy showed rough ER expansion and newly formed collagen fibrils in osteoblasts after modulating ER stress to an appropriate degree. We also used different concentrations of salubrinal to evaluate the resistance to tunicamycin‐induced ER stress in an osteogenic induction environment. Salubrinal restored the tunicamycin‐induced decrease in the viability of primary calvarial osteoblasts and increased the expression of Runx2 and ALP, and decreased p‐eIF2α/eIF2α in a dose‐dependent manner. Taken together, the results demonstrate that ER stress occurred after tooth extraction, and regulating the degree of ER stress can promote bone healing in tooth extraction sockets, providing clinical evidence for bone healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Chen
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yue Guo
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ying-Yi Chen
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qiong Liu
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Li Tan
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zheng-Rong Gao
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shao-Hui Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ying-Hui Zhou
- Department of Metabolism & Endocrinology, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yun-Zhi Feng
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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49
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Huang T, Liu Y, Li H, Zhang Y, Kong D, Cui G. β-Glucan ameliorates nonalcoholic steatohepatitis induced by methionine and choline-deficient diet in mice. J Food Biochem 2020; 44:e13408. [PMID: 32713066 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Revised: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is becoming a huge global health problem. Studies showed that β-glucan displayed potent anti-inflammatory and other multi-beneficial pharmacological properties. Thus, the objective of this study was to investigate the effects of β-glucan on NASH mice induced by the MCD diet. After 8 weeks of β-glucan treatments, results showed that β-glucan effectively decreased the serum ALT and AST levels compared with the MCD model. Besides, histopathological results demonstrated that β-glucan significantly attenuated the fat accumulation, steatosis, and inflammation in the liver compared with that of the MCD group. Furthermore, the ER stress-responsive proteins, including GRP78, p-eiF-2α, and p-JNK, were markedly restrained by β-glucan, while ERp57, p-MAPK, and p-Akt were significantly increased after β-glucan treatment. Collectively, our results suggested that β-glucan beneficially resisted NASH induced by the MCD diet. The ER stress response may be involved in the mechanisms of action of β-glucan. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: This study is the first to report the hepatoprotective activity of β-glucan against MCD diet-induced NASH in mice, mainly reflecting its ability to ameliorate hepatic lipid accumulation and inflammation, with the mechanism possibly involving mediating the ER stress signaling pathway. Our results suggest that the β-glucan has good application prospects to be used as a raw material in functional foods for the clinical treatment of NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyang Huang
- Department of Bioengineering, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Yahui Liu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Huiming Li
- Department of Bioengineering, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Bioengineering, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Dezhi Kong
- Chinese Integrative Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Guozhen Cui
- Department of Bioengineering, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, China
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50
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Yang D, Wei Y, Lu Q, Qin D, Zhang M, Du X, Xu W, Yu X, He C, Li N, Peng S, Li G, Hua J. Melatonin alleviates LPS-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress and inflammation in spermatogonial stem cells. J Cell Physiol 2020; 236:3536-3551. [PMID: 32996162 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Orchitis is one of the leading causes of male animal infertility and is associated with inflammatory reactions caused by the bacterium. It has been reported that there is a mutual coupling effect between endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and inflammatory response. Our studies showed that lipopolysaccharide (LPS) could cause testicular damages, apoptosis, ERS, and inflammatory responses in spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs); ERS-related apoptosis proteins were activated and the expression of ERS genes was significantly upregulated; meanwhile, the expression of Toll-like receptor 4 and inflammation factors was apparently increased with LPS treatment. Moreover, melatonin (MEL) could rescue testicular damage, and significantly inhibited the expression of ERS-related apoptosis genes, ERS markers, and inflammatory factors in SSCs and MEL played repairing and anti-infection roles in LPS-induced testicular damage. Therefore, MEL may be used as a drug to prevent and control bacterial infections in male reproductive systems. However, the specific molecular mechanism of MEL to resist ERS and inflammatory response remains to be further studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghui Yang
- Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yudong Wei
- Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qizhong Lu
- Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dezhe Qin
- Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Mengfei Zhang
- Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaomin Du
- Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wenjing Xu
- Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiuwei Yu
- Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chen He
- Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Na Li
- Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Sha Peng
- Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Guangpeng Li
- Key Laboratory for Mammalian Reproductive Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Jinlian Hua
- Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
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