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Shu LZ, Zhang XL, Ding YD, Lin H. From inflammation to bone formation: the intricate role of neutrophils in skeletal muscle injury and traumatic heterotopic ossification. Exp Mol Med 2024; 56:1523-1530. [PMID: 38945957 PMCID: PMC11297321 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-024-01270-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are emerging as an important player in skeletal muscle injury and repair. Neutrophils accumulate in injured tissue, thus releasing inflammatory factors, proteases and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) to clear muscle debris and pathogens when skeletal muscle is damaged. During the process of muscle repair, neutrophils can promote self-renewal and angiogenesis in satellite cells. When neutrophils are abnormally overactivated, neutrophils cause collagen deposition, functional impairment of satellite cells, and damage to the skeletal muscle vascular endothelium. Heterotopic ossification (HO) refers to abnormal bone formation in soft tissue. Skeletal muscle injury is one of the main causes of traumatic HO (tHO). Neutrophils play a pivotal role in activating BMPs and TGF-β signals, thus promoting the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells and progenitor cells into osteoblasts or osteoclasts to facilitate HO. Furthermore, NETs are specifically localized at the site of HO, thereby accelerating the formation of HO. Additionally, the overactivation of neutrophils contributes to the disruption of immune homeostasis to trigger HO. An understanding of the diverse roles of neutrophils will not only provide more information on the pathogenesis of skeletal muscle injury for repair and HO but also provides a foundation for the development of more efficacious treatment modalities for HO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Zhen Shu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, 330006, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xian-Lei Zhang
- Medical College, Nanchang University, 330006, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yi-Dan Ding
- Medical College, Nanchang University, 330006, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Hui Lin
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, 330006, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
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Li Z, Wang B, Wang R, Zhang Z, Xiong J, Wang X, Ma Y, Han L. Identification of PKM2 as a pyroptosis-related key gene aggravates senile osteoporosis via the NLRP3/Caspase-1/GSDMD signaling pathway. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2024; 169:106537. [PMID: 38342404 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2024.106537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS Senile osteoporosis-alternatively labeled as skeletal aging-encompasses age-induced bone deterioration and loss of bone microarchitecture. Recent studies have indicated a potential association between senile osteoporosis and chronic systemic inflammation, and pyroptosis in bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells is speculated to contribute to bone loss and osteoporosis. Therefore, targeting pyroptosis in stem cells may be a potential therapeutic strategy for treating osteoporosis. METHODS Initially, we conducted bioinformatics analysis to screen the GEO databases to identify the key gene associated with pyroptosis in senile osteoporosis. Next, we analyzed the relationship between altered proteins and clinical data. In vitro experiments were then performed to explore whether the downregulation of PKM2 expression could inhibit pyroptosis. Additionally, an aging-related mouse model of osteoporosis was established to validate the efficacy of a PKM2 inhibitor in alleviating osteoporosis progression. RESULTS We identified PKM2 as a key gene implicated in pyroptosis in senile osteoporosis patients through bioinformatics analysis. Further analyses of bone marrow and stem cells demonstrated significant PKM2 overexpression in senile osteoporosis patients. Silencing PKM2 expression inhibited pyroptosis in senile stem cells, of which the osteogenesis potential and angiogenic function were also primarily promoted. Moreover, the results in vivo demonstrated that administering PKM2 inhibitors suppressed pyroptosis in senile osteoporosis mice and mitigated senile osteoporosis progression. CONCLUSION Our study uncovered PKM2, a key pyroptosis marker of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in senile osteoporosis. Shikonin, a PKM2 inhibitor, was then identified as a potential drug candidate for the treatment of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zilin Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation, Wuhan No. 1 Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ruoyu Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhichao Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation, Wuhan No. 1 Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jian Xiong
- Department of Rehabilitation, Wuhan No. 1 Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoyun Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation, Wuhan No. 1 Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Ma
- Department of Rehabilitation, Wuhan No. 1 Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Lizhi Han
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui Key Laboratory of Tissue Transformation, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, Anhui Province, China.
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Salimi M, Khanzadeh M, Nabipoorashrafi SA, Seyedi SA, Yaghoobpoor S, Brismée JM, Lucke-Wold B, Ebadi M, Ghaedi A, Kumar VS, Mirghaderi P, Rabie H, Khanzadeh S. Association of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio with bone mineral density in post-menopausal women: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Womens Health 2024; 24:169. [PMID: 38461235 PMCID: PMC10924380 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-024-03006-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to compare the neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR) levels between women with post-menopausal osteopenia or osteoporosis to those with normal bone mineral density (BMD). METHODS We used Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus to conduct a systematic search for relevant publications published before June 19, 2022, only in English language. We reported standardized mean difference (SMD) with a 95% confidence interval (CI). Because a significant level of heterogeneity was found, we used the random-effects model to calculate pooled effects. We used the Newcastle-Ottawa scale for quality assessment. RESULTS Overall, eight articles were included in the analysis. Post-menopausal women with osteoporosis had elevated levels of NLR compared to those without osteoporosis (SMD = 1.03, 95% CI = 0.18 to 1.88, p = 0.017, I2 = 98%). In addition, there was no difference between post-menopausal women with osteopenia and those without osteopenia in neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR) levels (SMD = 0.58, 95% CI=-0.08 to 1.25, p = 0.085, I2 = 96.8%). However, there was no difference between post-menopausal women with osteoporosis and those with osteopenia in NLR levels (SMD = 0.75, 95% CI=-0.01 to 1.51, p = 0.05, I2 = 97.5%, random-effect model). CONCLUSION The results of this study point to NLR as a potential biomarker that may be easily introduced into clinical settings to help predict and prevent post-menopausal osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Salimi
- Bone and Joint Diseases Research Center, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Monireh Khanzadeh
- Geriatric & Gerontology Department, Medical School, Tehran University of medical and health sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Ali Nabipoorashrafi
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center (EMRC), School of Medicine, Vali-Asr Hospital, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Arsalan Seyedi
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center (EMRC), School of Medicine, Vali-Asr Hospital, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shirin Yaghoobpoor
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jean-Michel Brismée
- Center for Rehabilitation Research, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | | | - Mehrnoosh Ebadi
- Faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Arshin Ghaedi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Varun Singh Kumar
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Peyman Mirghaderi
- Students' Scientific Research Center (SSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Rabie
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Yu E, Zhang M, Xu G, Liu X, Yan J. Consensus cluster analysis of apoptosis-related genes in patients with osteoarthritis and their correlation with immune cell infiltration. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1202758. [PMID: 37860011 PMCID: PMC10582959 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1202758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Osteoarthritis (OA) progression involves multiple factors, including cartilage erosion as the basic pathological mechanism of degeneration, and is closely related to chondrocyte apoptosis. To analyze the correlation between apoptosis and OA development, we selected apoptosis genes from the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between OA and normal samples from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, used lasso regression analysis to identify characteristic genes, and performed consensus cluster analysis to further explore the pathogenesis of this disease. Methods The Gene expression profile datasets of OA samples, GSE12021 and GSE55235, were downloaded from GEO. The datasets were combined and analyzed for DEGs. Apoptosis-related genes (ARGs) were collected from the GeneCards database and intersected with DEGs for apoptosis-related DEGs (ARDEGs). Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis was performed to obtain characteristic genes, and a nomogram was constructed based on these genes. A consensus cluster analysis was performed to divide the patients into clusters. The immune characteristics, functional enrichment, and immune infiltration statuses of the clusters were compared. In addition, a protein-protein interaction network of mRNA drugs, mRNA-transcription factors (TFs), and mRNA-miRNAs was constructed. Results A total of 95 DEGs were identified, of which 47 were upregulated and 48 were downregulated, and 31 hub genes were selected as ARDEGs. LASSO regression analysis revealed nine characteristic genes: growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15), NAMPT, TLR7, CXCL2, KLF2, REV3L, KLF9, THBD, and MTHFD2. Clusters A and B were identified, and neutrophil activation and neutrophil activation involved in the immune response were highly enriched in Cluster B, whereas protein repair and purine salvage signal pathways were enriched in Cluster A. The number of activated natural killer cells in Cluster B was significantly higher than that in Cluster A. GDF15 and KLF9 interacted with 193 and 32 TFs, respectively, and CXCL2 and REV3L interacted with 48 and 82 miRNAs, respectively. Conclusion ARGs could predict the occurrence of OA and may be related to different degrees of OA progression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jinglong Yan
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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Li J, Zhao C, Xu Y, Song L, Chen Y, Xu Y, Ma Y, Wang S, Xu A, He F. Remodeling of the osteoimmune microenvironment after biomaterials implantation in murine tibia: Single-cell transcriptome analysis. Bioact Mater 2023; 22:404-422. [PMID: 36311047 PMCID: PMC9588995 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Osseointegration seems to be a foreign body reaction equilibrium due to the complicated interactions between the immune and skeletal systems. The heterogeneity of the osteoimmune microenvironment in the osseointegration of implant materials remains elusive. Here, a single-cell study involving 40043 cells is conducted, and a total of 10 distinct cell clusters are identified from five different groups. A preliminary description of the osteoimmune microenvironment revealed the diverse cellular heterogeneity and dynamic changes modulated by implant properties. The increased immature neutrophils, Ly6C + CCR2hi monocytes, and S100a8hi macrophages induce an aggressive inflammatory response and eventually lead to the formation of fibrous capsule around the stainless steel implant. The enrichment of mature neutrophils, FcgR1hi and differentiated immunomodulatory macrophages around the titanium implant indicates favorable osseointegration under moderate immune response. Neutrophil-depletion mice are conducted to explore the role of neutrophils in osseointegration. Neutrophils may improve bone formation by enhancing the recruitment of BMSCs via the CXCL12/CXCR3 signal axis. These findings contribute to a better knowledge of osteoimmunology and are valuable for the design and modification of 'osteoimmune-smart' biomaterials in the bone regeneration field.
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Key Words
- BMP2, Bone Morphogenetic Proteins 2
- CXCL12, Chemokine (C-X-C mode) Ligand 12
- CXCR, CXC Chemokine Receptor
- FcgR, Fc Gamma Receptor
- IFN-γ, Interferon-gamma
- IL-1β, Interleukin-1 beta
- Implant
- MHC, Major Histocompatibility Complex
- MIP, Macrophage inflammatory cytokines
- MPO, Myeloperoxidase
- NE, Neutrophil Elastase
- NF-κB, Nuclear Factor Kappa-light-chain-enhancer of Activated B cells
- NOD, Nucleotide Binding Oligomerization Domain
- Neutrophil
- OPG, Osteoprotegerin
- Osseointegration
- Osteoimmunology
- RANKL, Nuclear Factor B receptor Activator Ligand
- RUNX2, Runt-related Transcription Factor 2
- S100a8, S100 Calcium Binding Protein A8
- SDF-1α, Stromal Cell-derived Factor-1 alpha
- STAT, Signal Transduction and Transcription Activator
- Single-cell transcriptomics
- TLR, Toll Like Receptor
- TNFα, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
- TRAP, Tartrate Resistant Acid Phosphatase
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Li
- Department of Prosthodontics, Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Congrui Zhao
- Department of Prosthodontics, Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yangbo Xu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lu Song
- Department of Prosthodontics, Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanqi Chen
- Department of Prosthodontics, Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuzi Xu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yang Ma
- Department of Prosthodontics, Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Siyuan Wang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Antian Xu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fuming He
- Department of Prosthodontics, Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Solidum JGN, Jeong Y, Heralde F, Park D. Differential regulation of skeletal stem/progenitor cells in distinct skeletal compartments. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1137063. [PMID: 36926193 PMCID: PMC10013690 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1137063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal stem/progenitor cells (SSPCs), characterized by self-renewal and multipotency, are essential for skeletal development, bone remodeling, and bone repair. These cells have traditionally been known to reside within the bone marrow, but recent studies have identified the presence of distinct SSPC populations in other skeletal compartments such as the growth plate, periosteum, and calvarial sutures. Differences in the cellular and matrix environment of distinct SSPC populations are believed to regulate their stemness and to direct their roles at different stages of development, homeostasis, and regeneration; differences in embryonic origin and adjacent tissue structures also affect SSPC regulation. As these SSPC niches are dynamic and highly specialized, changes under stress conditions and with aging can alter the cellular composition and molecular mechanisms in place, contributing to the dysregulation of local SSPCs and their activity in bone regeneration. Therefore, a better understanding of the different regulatory mechanisms for the distinct SSPCs in each skeletal compartment, and in different conditions, could provide answers to the existing knowledge gap and the impetus for realizing their potential in this biological and medical space. Here, we summarize the current scientific advances made in the study of the differential regulation pathways for distinct SSPCs in different bone compartments. We also discuss the physical, biological, and molecular factors that affect each skeletal compartment niche. Lastly, we look into how aging influences the regenerative capacity of SSPCs. Understanding these regulatory differences can open new avenues for the discovery of novel treatment approaches for calvarial or long bone repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jea Giezl Niedo Solidum
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Youngjae Jeong
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Francisco Heralde
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines
| | - Dongsu Park
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Houston, TX, United States
- Center for Skeletal Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
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Immune microenvironment: novel perspectives on bone regeneration disorder in osteoradionecrosis of the jaws. Cell Tissue Res 2023; 392:413-430. [PMID: 36737519 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-023-03743-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Osteoradionecrosis of the jaws (ORNJ) is a severe complication that occurs after radiotherapy of head and neck malignancies. Clinically, conservative treatments and surgeries for ORNJ exhibited certain therapeutic effects, whereas the regenerative disorder of the post-radiation jaw remains a pending problem to be solved. In recent years, the recognition of the role of the immune microenvironment has led to a shift from an osteoblasts (OBs) or bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSCs)-centered view of bone regeneration to the concept of a complicated microecosystem that supports bone regeneration. Current advances in osteoimmunology have uncovered novel targets within the immune microenvironment to help improve various regeneration therapies, notably therapies potentiating the interaction between BMSCs and immune cells. However, these researches lack a thorough understanding of the immune microenvironment and the interaction network of immune cells in the course of bone regeneration, especially for the post-operative defect of ORNJ. This review summarized the composition of the immune microenvironment during bone regeneration, how the immune microenvironment interacts with the skeletal system, and discussed existing and potential strategies aimed at targeting cellular and molecular immune microenvironment components.
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Lycopene Scavenges Cellular ROS, Modulates Autophagy and Improves Survival through 7SK snRNA Interaction in Smooth Muscle Cells. Cells 2022; 11:cells11223617. [PMID: 36429045 PMCID: PMC9688495 DOI: 10.3390/cells11223617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The chance of survival rate and autophagy of smooth muscle cells under calcium stress were drastically improved with a prolonged inclusion of Lycopene in the media. The results showed an improved viability from 41% to 69% and a reduction in overall autophagic bodies from 7% to 3%, which was well in agreement with the LC3II and III mRNA levels. However, the proliferation was slow compared to the controls. The fall in the major inflammatory marker TNF-α and improved antioxidant enzyme GPx were regarded as significant restoration markers of cell survival. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) were reduced from 8 fold to 3 fold post addition of lycopene for 24 h. Further, the docking studies revealed binding of lycopene molecules with 7SK snRNA at 7.6 kcal/mol docking energy with 300 ns stability under physiological conditions. Together, these results suggest that Lycopene administration during ischemic heart disease might improve the functions of the smooth muscle cells and 7SK snRNA might be involved in the binding of lycopene and its antioxidant protective effects.
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Livshits G, Kalinkovich A. Targeting chronic inflammation as a potential adjuvant therapy for osteoporosis. Life Sci 2022; 306:120847. [PMID: 35908619 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Systemic, chronic, low-grade inflammation (SCLGI) underlies the pathogenesis of various widespread diseases. It is often associated with bone loss, thus connecting chronic inflammation to the pathogenesis of osteoporosis. In postmenopausal women, osteoporosis is accompanied by SCLGI development, likely owing to estrogen deficiency. We propose that SCGLI persistence in osteoporosis results from failed inflammation resolution, which is mainly mediated by specialized, pro-resolving mediators (SPMs). In corroboration, SPMs demonstrate encouraging therapeutic effects in various preclinical models of inflammatory disorders, including bone pathology. Since numerous data implicate gut dysbiosis in osteoporosis-associated chronic inflammation, restoring balanced microbiota by supplementing probiotics and prebiotics could contribute to the efficient resolution of SCGLI. In the present review, we provide evidence for this hypothesis and argue that efficient SCGLI resolution may serve as a novel approach for treating osteoporosis, complementary to traditional anti-osteoporotic medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory Livshits
- Adelson School of Medicine, Ariel University, Ariel 4077625, Israel; Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6905126, Israel.
| | - Alexander Kalinkovich
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6905126, Israel
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Chen R, Hao Z, Wang Y, Zhu H, Hu Y, Chen T, Zhang P, Li J. Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Immune Cell Interaction and Related Modulations for Bone Tissue Engineering. Stem Cells Int 2022; 2022:7153584. [PMID: 35154331 PMCID: PMC8825274 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7153584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Critical bone defects and related delayed union and nonunion are still worldwide problems to be solved. Bone tissue engineering is mainly aimed at achieving satisfactory bone reconstruction. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a kind of pluripotent stem cells that can differentiate into bone cells and can be used as one of the key pillars of bone tissue engineering. In recent decades, immune responses play an important role in bone regeneration. Innate immune responses provide a suitable inflammatory microenvironment for bone regeneration and initiate bone regeneration in the early stage of fracture repair. Adaptive immune responses maintain bone regeneration and bone remodeling. MSCs and immune cells regulate each other. All kinds of immune cells and secreted cytokines can regulate the migration, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation of MSCs, which have a strong immunomodulatory ability to these immune cells. This review mainly introduces the interaction between MSCs and immune cells on bone regeneration and its potential mechanism, and discusses the practical application in bone tissue engineering by modulating this kind of cell-to-cell crosstalk. Thus, an in-depth understanding of these principles of bone immunology can provide a new way for bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renxin Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Zhuowen Hao
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Hongzhen Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yingkun Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Tianhong Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital, The Affiliated Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215153, China
| | - Jingfeng Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
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11
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Paganelli A, Trubiani O, Diomede F, Pisciotta A, Paganelli R. Immunomodulating Profile of Dental Mesenchymal Stromal Cells: A Comprehensive Overview. FRONTIERS IN ORAL HEALTH 2022; 2:635055. [PMID: 35047993 PMCID: PMC8757776 DOI: 10.3389/froh.2021.635055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells present in dental tissues, characterized by plastic adherence in culture and specific surface markers (CD105, CD73, CD90, STRO-1, CD106, and CD146), common to all other MSC subtypes. Dental pulp, periodontal ligament, apical papilla, human exfoliated deciduous teeth, alveolar bone, dental follicle, tooth germ, and gingiva are all different sources for isolation and expansion of MSCs. Dental MSCs have regenerative and immunomodulatory properties; they are scarcely immunogenic but actively modulate T cell reactivity. in vitro studies and animal models of autoimmune diseases have provided evidence for the suppressive effects of dental MSCs on peripheral blood mononuclear cell proliferation, clearance of apoptotic cells, and promotion of a shift in the Treg/Th17 cell ratio. Appropriately stimulated MSCs produce anti-inflammatory mediators, such as transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), prostaglandin E2, and interleukin (IL)-10. A particular mechanism through which MSCs exert their immunomodulatory action is via the production of extracellular vesicles containing such anti-inflammatory mediators. Recent studies demonstrated MSC-mediated inhibitory effects both on monocytes and activated macrophages, promoting their polarization to an anti-inflammatory M2-phenotype. A growing number of trials focusing on MSCs to treat autoimmune and inflammatory conditions are ongoing, but very few use dental tissue as a cellular source. Recent results suggest that dental MSCs are a promising therapeutic tool for immune-mediated disorders. However, the exact mechanisms responsible for dental MSC-mediated immunosuppression remain to be clarified, and impairment of dental MSCs immunosuppressive function in inflammatory conditions and aging must be assessed before considering autologous MSCs or their secreted vesicles for therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Paganelli
- PhD Program in Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.,Surgical, Medical and Dental Department of Morphological Sciences Related to Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Oriana Trubiani
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University "G. D'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Francesca Diomede
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University "G. D'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Alessandra Pisciotta
- Surgical, Medical and Dental Department of Morphological Sciences Related to Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Roberto Paganelli
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University "G. D'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.,YDA, Institute of Clinical Immunotherapy and Advanced Biological Treatments, Pescara, Italy
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Ehnert S, Relja B, Schmidt-Bleek K, Fischer V, Ignatius A, Linnemann C, Rinderknecht H, Huber-Lang M, Kalbitz M, Histing T, Nussler AK. Effects of immune cells on mesenchymal stem cells during fracture healing. World J Stem Cells 2021; 13:1667-1695. [PMID: 34909117 PMCID: PMC8641016 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v13.i11.1667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In vertebrates, bone is considered an osteoimmune system which encompasses functions of a locomotive organ, a mineral reservoir, a hormonal organ, a stem cell pool and a cradle for immune cells. This osteoimmune system is based on cooperatively acting bone and immune cells, cohabitating within the bone marrow. They are highly interdependent, a fact that is confounded by shared progenitors, mediators, and signaling pathways. Successful fracture healing requires the participation of all the precursors, immune and bone cells found in the osteoimmune system. Recent evidence demonstrated that changes of the immune cell composition and function may negatively influence bone healing. In this review, first the interplay between different immune cell types and osteoprogenitor cells will be elaborated more closely. The separate paragraphs focus on the specific cell types, starting with the cells of the innate immune response followed by cells of the adaptive immune response, and the complement system as mediator between them. Finally, a brief overview on the challenges of preclinical testing of immune-based therapeutic strategies to support fracture healing will be given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Ehnert
- Siegfried Weller Research Institute at the BG Trauma Center Tübingen, Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany
| | - Borna Relja
- Experimental Radiology, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg 39120, Germany
| | - Katharina Schmidt-Bleek
- Julius Wolff Institute and Berlin Institute of Health Center of Regenerative Therapies, Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Berlin 13353, Germany
| | - Verena Fischer
- Institute of Orthopedic Research and Biomechanics, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm 89091, Germany
| | - Anita Ignatius
- Institute of Orthopedic Research and Biomechanics, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm 89091, Germany
| | - Caren Linnemann
- Siegfried Weller Research Institute at the BG Trauma Center Tübingen, Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany
| | - Helen Rinderknecht
- Siegfried Weller Research Institute at the BG Trauma Center Tübingen, Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany
| | - Markus Huber-Lang
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Trauma-Immunology (ITI), University Hospital Ulm, Ulm 89091, Germany
| | - Miriam Kalbitz
- Department of Trauma and Orthopedic Surgery, University Hospital Erlangen Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen 91054, Germany
| | - Tina Histing
- Siegfried Weller Research Institute at the BG Trauma Center Tübingen, Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany
| | - Andreas K Nussler
- Siegfried Weller Research Institute at the BG Trauma Center Tübingen, Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany
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13
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Fischer V, Haffner-Luntzer M. Interaction between bone and immune cells: Implications for postmenopausal osteoporosis. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2021; 123:14-21. [PMID: 34024716 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2021.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 251] [Impact Index Per Article: 83.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Postmenopausal osteoporosis is a systemic disease characterized by the loss of bone mass and increased bone fracture risk largely resulting from significantly reduced levels of the hormone estrogen after menopause. Besides the direct negative effects of estrogen-deficiency on bone, indirect effects of altered immune status in postmenopausal women might contribute to ongoing bone destruction, as postmenopausal women often display a chronic low-grade inflammatory phenotype with altered cytokine expression and immune cell profile. In this context, it was previously shown that various immune cells interact with osteoblasts and osteoclasts either via direct cell-cell contact, or more likely via paracrine mechanisms. For example, specific subtypes of T lymphocytes express TNFα, which was shown to increase osteoblast apoptosis and to indirectly stimulate osteoclastogenesis via B cell-produced receptor-activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL), thereby triggering bone loss during postmenopausal osteoporosis. Th17 cells release interleukin-17 (IL-17), which directs mesenchymal stem cell differentiation towards the osteogenic lineage, but also indirectly increases osteoclast differentiation. B lymphocytes are a major regulator of osteoclast formation via granulocyte colony-stimulating factor secretion and the RANKL/osteoprotegerin system under estrogen-deficient conditions. Macrophages might act differently on bone cells dependent on their polarization profile and their secreted paracrine factors, which might have implications for the development of postmenopausal osteoporosis, because macrophage polarization is altered during disease progression. Likewise, neutrophils play an important role during bone homeostasis, but their over-activation under estrogen-deficient conditions contributes to osteoblast apoptosis via the release of reactive oxygen species and increased osteoclastogenesis via RANKL signaling. Furthermore, mast cells might be involved in the development of postmenopausal osteoporosis, because they store high levels of osteoclastic mediators, including IL-6 and RANKL, in their granules and their numbers are greatly increased in osteoporotic bone. Additionally, bone fracture healing is altered under estrogen-deficient conditions with the increased presence of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-6 and Midkine, which might contribute to healing disturbances. Consequently, in addition to the direct negative influence of estrogen-deficiency on bone, immune cell alterations contribute to the pathogenesis of postmenopausal osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena Fischer
- Institute of Orthopaedic Research and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Ulm, Helmholtzstraße 14, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Melanie Haffner-Luntzer
- Institute of Orthopaedic Research and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Ulm, Helmholtzstraße 14, 89081 Ulm, Germany.
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Yin CD, Hou YL, Liu XR, He YS, Wang XP, Li CJ, Tan XH, Liu J. Development of an immune-related prognostic index associated with osteosarcoma. Bioengineered 2020; 12:172-182. [PMID: 33371790 PMCID: PMC8806312 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2020.1864096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor immunity is closely associated with the prognosis of tumors, including osteosarcoma (OS). The aim of the present study was to construct an immune-related prognostic index (PI) to predict the prognosis of OS. Herein, OS expression data were sourced from the Therapeutically Applicable Research to Generate Effective Treatments (TARGET) database. We divided the OS patients into nonmetastatic and metastatic groups, allowing differentially immune-related genes (DIRGs) to be selected. After DIRGs were further investigated by enrichment analysis, four keys prognostic IRGs (CD79A, CSF3R, MTNR1B and NPPC) were identified using a Cox proportional hazards model. Then, an immune-related prognostic index was constructed. Finally, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was employed to further explore the underlying mechanisms. The difference in tumor-infiltrating immune cell (TIIC) abundance was also discussed. In our study, eight upregulated genes and 30 downregulated genes were identified. Several Gene Ontology (GO) terms and the most significantly enriched KEGG pathways were immune-associated functions and pathways. Four genes, including CD79A, CSF3R, MTNR1B and NPPC, were used to establish a risk assessment model for evaluating OS prognosis. GSEA revealed that the risk score was related to cytokine receptor interaction and to the chemokine and B cell receptor signaling pathways. Furthermore, high risk markedly related to the infiltration of several immune cell types, including M2 macrophages, naïve CD4 T cells, and CD8 T cells. In sum, we developed a survival model for OS. The underlying molecular mechanisms of the high-risk group may affect immune-related biological processes and TIICs.Abbreviations TARGET: Therapeutically Applicable Research To Generate Effective Treatments; PI: Prognostic index; OS: Osteosarcoma; DIRGs: Differentially immune-related genes; GSEA: Gene set enrichment analysis; TIIC: Tumor-infiltrating immune cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Dong Yin
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery and Microsurgery, Affiliated to the First People's Hospital of Chenzhou , P.R. China
| | - Ying-Lan Hou
- Health Management Centre, Affiliated to the First People's Hospital of Chenzhou , P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Ren Liu
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery and Microsurgery, Affiliated to the First People's Hospital of Chenzhou , P.R. China
| | - Yu-Sheng He
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery and Microsurgery, Affiliated to the First People's Hospital of Chenzhou , P.R. China
| | - Xin-Ping Wang
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery and Microsurgery, Affiliated to the First People's Hospital of Chenzhou , P.R. China
| | - Cheng-Jie Li
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery and Microsurgery, Affiliated to the First People's Hospital of Chenzhou , P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Hong Tan
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery and Microsurgery, Affiliated to the First People's Hospital of Chenzhou , P.R. China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery and Microsurgery, Affiliated to the First People's Hospital of Chenzhou , P.R. China
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