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Jin Y, Shangguan Z, Pang J, Chen Y, Lin S, Liu H. Pin1 Exacerbates Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease by Enhancing Its Activity through Binding to ACC1. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5822. [PMID: 38892011 PMCID: PMC11171836 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25115822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a clinicopathological syndrome characterized by diffuse hepatocellular steatosis due to fatty deposits in hepatocytes, excluding alcohol and other known liver injury factors. However, there are no specific drugs for the clinical treatment of NAFLD. Therefore, research on the pathogenesis of NAFLD at the cellular and molecular levels is a promising approach to finding therapeutic targets and developing targeted drugs for NAFLD. Pin1 is highly expressed during adipogenesis and contributes to adipose differentiation, but its specific mechanism of action in NAFLD is unclear. In this study, we investigated the role of Pin1 in promoting the development of NAFLD and its potential mechanisms in vitro and in vivo. First, Pin1 was verified in the NAFLD model in vitro using MCD diet-fed mice by Western Blot, RT-qPCR and immunohistochemistry (IHC) assays. In the in vitro study, we used the oleic acid (OA) stimulation-induced lipid accumulation model and examined the lipid accumulation in each group of cells by oil red O staining as well as BODIPY staining. The results showed that knockdown of Pin1 inhibited lipid accumulation in hepatocytes in an in vitro lipid accumulation model and improved lipid indices and liver injury levels. Moreover, in vivo, WT and Pin1-KO mice were fed a methionine-choline deficient (MCD) diet for 4 weeks to induce the NAFLD model. The effects of Pin1 on lipid accumulation, hepatic fibrosis, and oxidative stress were evaluated by biochemical analysis, glucose and insulin tolerance tests, histological analysis, IHC, RT-qPCR and Western blot assays. The results indicate that Pin1 knockdown significantly alleviated hepatic steatosis, fibrosis and inflammation in MCD-induced NAFLD mice, improved glucose tolerance and alleviated insulin resistance in mice. Further studies showed that the AMPK/ACC1 signalling pathway might take part in the process by which Pin1 regulates NAFLD, as evidenced by the inhibition of the AMPK/ACC1 pathway. In addition, immunofluorescence (IF), coimmunoprecipitation (Co-IP) and GST pull-down experiments also showed that Pin1 interacts directly with ACC1 and inhibits ACC1 phosphorylation levels. Our study suggests that Pin1 promotes NAFLD progression by inhibiting the activation of the AMPK/ACC1 signalling pathway, and it is possible that this effect is achieved by Pin1 interacting with ACC1 and inhibiting the phosphorylation of ACC1.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Hekun Liu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, No. 1, Xuefu North Road, Fuzhou 350122, China; (Y.J.); (Z.S.); (J.P.); (Y.C.); (S.L.)
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2
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Yamazaki M, Yamada H, Munetsuna E, Ando Y, Mizuno G, Teshigawara A, Ichikawa H, Nouchi Y, Kageyama I, Wakasugi T, Ishikawa H, Ohgami N, Suzuki K, Ohashi K. Approaches to nutritional research using organoids; fructose treatment induces epigenetic changes in liver organoids. J Nutr Biochem 2024; 131:109671. [PMID: 38768870 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Nutritional researches have successfully used animal models to gain new insights into nutrient action. However, comprehensive descriptions of their molecular mechanisms of action remain elusive as appropriate in vitro evaluation systems are lacking. Organoid models can mimic physiological structures and reproduce in vivo functions, making them increasingly utilized in biomedical research for a better understand physiological and pathological phenomena. Therefore, organoid modeling can be a powerful approach for to understand the molecular mechanisms of nutrient action. The present study aims to demonstrate the utility of organoids in nutritional research by further investigating the molecular mechanisms responsible for the negative effects of fructose intake using liver organoids. Here, we treated liver organoids with fructose and analyzed their gene expression profiles and DNA methylation levels. Microarray analysis demonstrated that fructose-treated organoids exhibited increased selenoprotein p (Sepp1) gene expression, whereas pyrosequencing assays revealed reduced DNA methylation levels in the Sepp1 region. These results were consistent with observations using hepatic tissues from fructose-fed rats. Conversely, no differences in Sepp1 mRNA and DNA methylation levels were observed in two-dimensional cells. These results suggest that organoids serve as an ideal in vitro model to recapitulate in vivo tissue responses and help to validate the molecular mechanisms of nutrient action compared to conventional cellular models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirai Yamazaki
- Department of Medical Technology, Kagawa Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Takamatsu, Japan; Department of Hygiene, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan.
| | - Hiroya Yamada
- Department of Hygiene, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan.
| | - Eiji Munetsuna
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Azabu University School of Veterinary Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Ando
- Department of Informative Clinical Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Genki Mizuno
- Department of Medical Technology, Tokyo University of Technology School of Health Sciences, Ota, Japan
| | - Atsushi Teshigawara
- Department of Informative Clinical Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, Japan; Department of Preventive Medical Sciences, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Hayato Ichikawa
- Department of Informative Clinical Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Yuki Nouchi
- Department of Informative Clinical Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, Japan; Department of Preventive Medical Sciences, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Itsuki Kageyama
- Department of Informative Clinical Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, Japan; Department of Preventive Medical Sciences, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Takuya Wakasugi
- Department of Hygiene, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Ishikawa
- Department of Informative Clinical Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Nobutaka Ohgami
- Department of Hygiene, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Koji Suzuki
- Department of Preventive Medical Sciences, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Koji Ohashi
- Department of Informative Clinical Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, Japan
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Tinkov AA, Korobeinikova TV, Morozova GD, Aschner M, Mak DV, Santamaria A, Rocha JBT, Sotnikova TI, Tazina SI, Skalny AV. Association between serum trace element, mineral, and amino acid levels with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in adult women. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2024; 83:127397. [PMID: 38290269 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2024.127397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
The objective of the present study is assessment of serum trace element and amino acid levels in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) patients with subsequent evaluation of its independent associations with markers of liver injury and metabolic risk. MATERIALS AND METHODS 140 women aged 20-90 years old with diagnosed NAFLD and 140 healthy women with a respective age range were enrolled in the current study. Analysis of serum and hair levels of trace elements and minerals was performed with inductively-coupled plasma mass-spectrometry (ICP-MS). Serum amino acid concentrations were evaluated by high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) with UV-detection. In addition, routine biochemical parameters including liver damage markers, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), were assessed spectrophotometrically. RESULTS The findings demonstrated that patients with NAFLD were characterized by higher ALT, GGT, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and cholinesterase (CE) activity, as well as increased levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, and uric acid. NAFLD patients were characterized by reduced serum and hair Co, Se, and Zn levels, as well as hair Cu content and serum Mn concentrations in comparison to controls. Circulating Ala, Cit, Glu, Gly, Ile, Leu, Phe, and Tyr levels in NAFLD patients exceeded those in the control group. Multiple linear regression demonstrated that serum and hair trace element levels were significantly associated with circulating amino acid levels after adjustment for age, BMI, and metabolic parameters including liver damage markers. CONCLUSION It is proposed that altered trace element handling may contribute to NAFLD pathogenesis through modulation of amino acid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey A Tinkov
- Center of Bioelementology and Human Ecology, and World-Class Research Center "Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare", and Department of Therapy of the Institute of Postgraduate Education, IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119435 Moscow, Russia; Laboratory of Ecobiomonitoring and Quality Control, Yaroslavl State University, 150003 Yaroslavl, Russia; Department of Medical Elementology, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 117198 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Tatiana V Korobeinikova
- Center of Bioelementology and Human Ecology, and World-Class Research Center "Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare", and Department of Therapy of the Institute of Postgraduate Education, IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119435 Moscow, Russia; Department of Medical Elementology, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 117198 Moscow, Russia
| | - Galina D Morozova
- Center of Bioelementology and Human Ecology, and World-Class Research Center "Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare", and Department of Therapy of the Institute of Postgraduate Education, IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119435 Moscow, Russia
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 10461 Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Daria V Mak
- Center of Bioelementology and Human Ecology, and World-Class Research Center "Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare", and Department of Therapy of the Institute of Postgraduate Education, IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119435 Moscow, Russia
| | - Abel Santamaria
- Faculty of Sciencies, National Autonomous University of Mexico, 04510 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Joao B T Rocha
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, CCNE, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria 97105-900 RS, Brazil
| | - Tatiana I Sotnikova
- Center of Bioelementology and Human Ecology, and World-Class Research Center "Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare", and Department of Therapy of the Institute of Postgraduate Education, IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119435 Moscow, Russia; City Clinical Hospital n. a. S.P. Botkin of the Moscow City Health Department, 125284 Moscow, Russia
| | - Serafima Ia Tazina
- Center of Bioelementology and Human Ecology, and World-Class Research Center "Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare", and Department of Therapy of the Institute of Postgraduate Education, IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119435 Moscow, Russia; City Clinical Hospital n. a. S.P. Botkin of the Moscow City Health Department, 125284 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anatoly V Skalny
- Center of Bioelementology and Human Ecology, and World-Class Research Center "Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare", and Department of Therapy of the Institute of Postgraduate Education, IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119435 Moscow, Russia; Laboratory of Ecobiomonitoring and Quality Control, Yaroslavl State University, 150003 Yaroslavl, Russia; Department of Medical Elementology, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 117198 Moscow, Russia
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Fu Y, Wang Z, Qin H. Examining the Pathogenesis of MAFLD and the Medicinal Properties of Natural Products from a Metabolic Perspective. Metabolites 2024; 14:218. [PMID: 38668346 PMCID: PMC11052500 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14040218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), characterized primarily by hepatic steatosis, has become the most prevalent liver disease worldwide, affecting approximately two-fifths of the global population. The pathogenesis of MAFLD is extremely complex, and to date, there are no approved therapeutic drugs for clinical use. Considerable evidence indicates that various metabolic disorders play a pivotal role in the progression of MAFLD, including lipids, carbohydrates, amino acids, and micronutrients. In recent years, the medicinal properties of natural products have attracted widespread attention, and numerous studies have reported their efficacy in ameliorating metabolic disorders and subsequently alleviating MAFLD. This review aims to summarize the metabolic-associated pathological mechanisms of MAFLD, as well as the natural products that regulate metabolic pathways to alleviate MAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hong Qin
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410006, China; (Y.F.); (Z.W.)
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Lv T, Lou Y, Yan Q, Nie L, Cheng Z, Zhou X. Phosphorylation: new star of pathogenesis and treatment in steatotic liver disease. Lipids Health Dis 2024; 23:50. [PMID: 38368351 PMCID: PMC10873984 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-024-02037-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Steatotic liver disease poses a serious threat to human health and has emerged as one of the most significant burdens of chronic liver disease worldwide. Currently, the research mechanism is not clear, and there is no specific targeted drug for direct treatment. Phosphorylation is widely regarded as the most common type of protein modification, closely linked to steatotic liver disease in previous studies. However, there is no systematic review to clarify the relationship and investigate from the perspective of phosphorylation. Phosphorylation has been found to mainly regulate molecule stability, affect localization, transform molecular function, and cooperate with other protein modifications. Among them, adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), serine/threonine kinase (AKT), and nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-kB) are considered the core mechanisms in steatotic liver disease. As to treatment, lifestyle changes, prescription drugs, and herbal ingredients can alleviate symptoms by influencing phosphorylation. It demonstrates the significant role of phosphorylation as a mechanism occurrence and a therapeutic target in steatotic liver disease, which could be a new star for future exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiansu Lv
- Department of Endocrinology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- The First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Lou
- Department of Endocrinology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Qianhua Yan
- Department of Endocrinology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- The First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Lijuan Nie
- The First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhe Cheng
- The First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiqiao Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
- The First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
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6
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Xie C, Liu K, Xie Y, Liu S, Ji B. Metabolism-related signalling pathways involved in the pathogenesis and development of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 2024; 48:102264. [PMID: 38142587 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinre.2023.102264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) which formerly known as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the causes of liver cirrhosis. Currently, a growing number of liver cirrhosis cases develop on the basis of MASLD, and the pathogenesis of MASLD remains unclear. This paper reviews the research progress on the involvement of different metabolism-related signalling pathways in the pathogenesis and development of MASLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Xie
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, General Surgery Centre, First Hospital of Jilin University, 1 XinMin St., Changchun, Jilin, China.
| | - Kaiyu Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, General Surgery Centre, First Hospital of Jilin University, 1 XinMin St., Changchun, Jilin, China.
| | - Yixin Xie
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, General Surgery Centre, First Hospital of Jilin University, 1 XinMin St., Changchun, Jilin, China.
| | - Shun Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, General Surgery Centre, First Hospital of Jilin University, 1 XinMin St., Changchun, Jilin, China.
| | - Bai Ji
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, General Surgery Centre, First Hospital of Jilin University, 1 XinMin St., Changchun, Jilin, China.
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7
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Zhang J, Liu Z, Yin X, Wang E, Wang J. NSC48160 targets AMPKα to ameliorate nonalcoholic steatohepatitis by inhibiting lipogenesis and mitochondrial oxidative stress. iScience 2024; 27:108614. [PMID: 38155777 PMCID: PMC10753068 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatic steatosis, which is triggered by dysregulation of lipid metabolism and redox equilibrium in the liver, is regarded as a risk factor in the non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, pharmacologic engagement of this process is difficult. We identified the small molecule NSC48160 as an effective agent against nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). We found that NSC48160 significantly lowered hepatic lipid levels in vitro and in vivo by activating the AMPKα-dependent pathway. AMPKα regulated its downstream pathway involved in lipogenesis (SREBP-1c/FASN pathway) and fatty acid oxidation (PPARα pathway). Metabonomics analysis combined with RNA-sequencing profiling revealed that NSC48160-induced lipogenesis is modulated by lipid metabolism. Moreover, NSC48160 dramatically reduces reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, restores the levels of the membrane potential and NAD+/NADH ratio, and improves mitochondrial respiration. These findings suggest that NSC48160 is a promising hit compound in the pursuit of a pharmacological approach in the treatment of NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Zuojia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Xunzhe Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Erkang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Jin Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-3400, USA
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Ando M, Suzuki K, Kitamoto R, Nakayama A, Watanabe N, Kawahara M. Differences in serum selenoprotein P profile between C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice fed high-fat diet. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2024; 81:127340. [PMID: 37984217 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2023.127340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND C57BL/6 mice generally show hyperglycaemia and insulin resistance when fed a high-fat diet (HFD) compared to those of BALB/c mice. However, whether these strains also show different expression profiles of selenoprotein P, a diabetes-related hepatokine, after HFD feeding is unclear. We investigated the effects of HFD on body weight, glucose metabolism, and plasma selenoprotein P levels in C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice. METHODS Male C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice aged seven weeks were divided into normal diet (ND) and HFD groups. Fasting body weights and blood sugar levels were measured weekly. Blood specimens were collected after 16 h of fasting (in weeks 7, 9, and 11) and after 24 h of subsequent refeeding (in weeks 9 and 11) to analyse plasma selenoprotein P and insulin levels. RESULTS The mean body weight of the HFD group was consistently higher than that of the ND group for both strains. However, a significant elevation in fasting plasma glucose levels from the early stage was observed only in the HFD group of C57BL/6 mice. In BALB/c mice, a difference in fasting glucose levels between the HFD and ND groups was observed after nine weeks. After seven, nine, and eleven weeks, the fasting plasma insulin levels were higher in the HFD group than in the ND group for both strains. During this period, plasma selenoprotein P levels in the HFD group were significantly higher than those in the ND group of C57BL/6 mice. However, BALB/c mice did not show a significant difference in plasma levels of selenoprotein P between the ND and HFD groups. After refeeding, the plasma insulin and selenoprotein P levels increased compared to those observed during fasting in the ND group for both strains. Elevation of insulin levels, but not of selenoprotein P levels, after refeeding was noticed in the HFD group for both strains. Plasma selenoprotein P level after refeeding was significantly lower than that during fasting in the HFD group of C57BL/6 mice. CONCLUSION Unlike C57BL/6 mice, BALB/c mice did not show elevated fasting plasma selenoprotein P levels despite HFD feeding. Additionally, the pattern of selenoprotein P levels in the plasma after refeeding differed between C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice. These differences in selenoprotein P expression among strains may be related to different susceptibilities of individuals to diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motozumi Ando
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Aichi Gakuin University, 1-100 Kusumoto-cho Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8650, Japan.
| | - Keiko Suzuki
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Aichi Gakuin University, 1-100 Kusumoto-cho Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8650, Japan.
| | - Riko Kitamoto
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Aichi Gakuin University, 1-100 Kusumoto-cho Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8650, Japan.
| | - Ayako Nakayama
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Aichi Gakuin University, 1-100 Kusumoto-cho Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8650, Japan.
| | - Norio Watanabe
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Aichi Gakuin University, 1-100 Kusumoto-cho Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8650, Japan.
| | - Masami Kawahara
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Aichi Gakuin University, 1-100 Kusumoto-cho Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8650, Japan.
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Vinceti M, Urbano T, Chiari A, Filippini T, Wise LA, Tondelli M, Michalke B, Shimizu M, Saito Y. Selenoprotein P concentrations and risk of progression from mild cognitive impairment to dementia. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8792. [PMID: 37258587 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-36084-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a growing literature investigating the effects of selenium on the central nervous system and cognitive function. However, little is known about the role of selenoprotein P, the main selenium transporter, which can also have adverse biological effects. We conducted a prospective cohort study of individuals aged 42-81 years who received a clinical diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment. Using sandwich ELISA methods, we measured full-length selenoprotein P concentrations in serum and cerebrospinal fluid to assess the relation with dementia incidence during a median follow-up of 47.3 months. We used Cox proportional hazards regression and restricted cubic splines to model such relation. Of the 54 participants, 35 developed dementia during follow-up (including 26 cases of Alzheimer's dementia). Selenoprotein P concentrations in serum and cerebrospinal fluid were highly correlated, and in spline regression analyses they each showed a positive non-linear association with dementia risk, particularly after excluding dementia cases diagnosed within 24 months of follow-up. We also observed differences in association according to the dementia subtypes considered. Risk ratios of dementia peaked at 2-6 at the highest levels of selenoprotein P, when compared to its median level, also depending on matrix, analytical methodology and dementia subtype. Findings of this study, the first to assess selenoprotein P levels in the central nervous system in vivo and the first to use a prospective study design to evaluate associations with dementia, suggest that higher circulating concentrations of selenoprotein P, both in serum and cerebrospinal fluid, predict progression of MCI to dementia. However, further confirmation of these findings is required, given the limited statistical precision of the associations and the potential for residual confounding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Vinceti
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic, and Neural Sciences, CREAGEN - Environmental, Genetic, and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic, and Neural Sciences, Center for Neurosciences and Neurotechnology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Teresa Urbano
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic, and Neural Sciences, CREAGEN - Environmental, Genetic, and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic, and Neural Sciences, Center for Neurosciences and Neurotechnology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Annalisa Chiari
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic, and Neural Sciences, Center for Neurosciences and Neurotechnology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Neurology Unit, University Hospital, Modena, Italy
| | - Tommaso Filippini
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic, and Neural Sciences, CREAGEN - Environmental, Genetic, and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic, and Neural Sciences, Center for Neurosciences and Neurotechnology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Lauren A Wise
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Manuela Tondelli
- Neurology Unit, University Hospital, Modena, Italy
- Primary Care Department, Local Health Unit of Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Bernhard Michalke
- Research Unit Analytical BioGeoChemistry, Helmholtz Center Munich German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Misaki Shimizu
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yoshiro Saito
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
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Qin L, Wu J, Sun X, Huang X, Huang W, Weng C, Cai J. The regulatory role of metabolic organ-secreted factors in the nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and cardiovascular disease. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1119005. [PMID: 37180779 PMCID: PMC10169694 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1119005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by an excessive accumulation of fat in the liver, which is becoming a major global health problem, affecting about a quarter of the population. In the past decade, mounting studies have found that 25%-40% of NAFLD patients have cardiovascular disease (CVD), and CVD is one of the leading causes of death in these subjects. However, it has not attracted enough awareness and emphasis from clinicians, and the underlying mechanisms of CVD in NAFLD patients remain unclear. Available research reveals that inflammation, insulin resistance, oxidative stress, and glucose and lipid metabolism disorders play indispensable roles in the pathogenesis of CVD in NAFLD. Notably, emerging evidence indicates that metabolic organ-secreted factors, including hepatokines, adipokines, cytokines, extracellular vesicles, and gut-derived factors, are also involved in the occurrence and development of metabolic disease and CVD. Nevertheless, few studies have focused on the role of metabolic organ-secreted factors in NAFLD and CVD. Therefore, in this review, we summarize the relationship between metabolic organ-secreted factors and NAFLD as well as CVD, which is beneficial for clinicians to comprehensive and detailed understanding of the association between both diseases and strengthen management to improve adverse cardiovascular prognosis and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Chunyan Weng
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jingjing Cai
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
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11
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Stefan N, Schick F, Birkenfeld AL, Häring HU, White MF. The role of hepatokines in NAFLD. Cell Metab 2023; 35:236-252. [PMID: 36754018 PMCID: PMC10157895 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2023.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 66.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is not only a consequence of insulin resistance, but it is also an important cause of insulin resistance and major non-communicable diseases (NCDs). The close relationship of NAFLD with visceral obesity obscures the role of fatty liver from visceral adiposity as the main pathomechanism of insulin resistance and NCDs. To overcome this limitation, in analogy to the concept of adipokines, in 2008 we introduced the term hepatokines to describe the role of fetuin-A in metabolism. Since then, several other hepatokines were tested for their effects on metabolism. Here we address the dysregulation of hepatokines in people with NAFLD. Then, we discuss pathophysiological mechanisms of cardiometabolic diseases specifically related to NAFLD by focusing on hepatokine-related organ crosstalk. Finally, we propose how the determination of major hepatokines and adipokines can be used for pathomechanism-based clustering of insulin resistance in NAFLD and visceral obesity to better implement precision medicine in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norbert Stefan
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nephrology, University Hospital of Tübingen, Otfried-Müller Str. 10, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; Institute of Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases (IDM) of the Helmholtz Center Munich, Tübingen, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany.
| | - Fritz Schick
- Institute of Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases (IDM) of the Helmholtz Center Munich, Tübingen, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany; Section of Experimental Radiology, Department of Radiology, University Hospital of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Andreas L Birkenfeld
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nephrology, University Hospital of Tübingen, Otfried-Müller Str. 10, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; Institute of Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases (IDM) of the Helmholtz Center Munich, Tübingen, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Hans-Ulrich Häring
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nephrology, University Hospital of Tübingen, Otfried-Müller Str. 10, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; Institute of Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases (IDM) of the Helmholtz Center Munich, Tübingen, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Morris F White
- Division of Endocrinology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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Critical Overview of Hepatic Factors That Link Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Acute Kidney Injury: Physiology and Therapeutic Implications. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012464. [PMID: 36293317 PMCID: PMC9604121 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is defined as a combination of a group of progressive diseases, presenting different structural features of the liver at different stages of the disease. According to epidemiological surveys, as living standards improve, the global prevalence of NAFLD increases. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a class of clinical conditions characterized by a rapid decline in kidney function. NAFLD and AKI, as major public health diseases with high prevalence and mortality, respectively, worldwide, place a heavy burden on societal healthcare systems. Clinical observations of patients with NAFLD with AKI suggest a possible association between the two diseases. However, little is known about the pathogenic mechanisms linking NAFLD and AKI, and the combination of the diseases is poorly treated. Previous studies have revealed that liver-derived factors are transported to distal organs via circulation, such as the kidney, where they elicit specific effects. Of note, while NAFLD affects the expression of many hepatic factors, studies on the mechanisms whereby NAFLD mediates the generation of hepatic factors that lead to AKI are lacking. Considering the unique positioning of hepatic factors in coordinating systemic energy metabolism and maintaining energy homeostasis, we hypothesize that the effects of NAFLD are not only limited to the structural and functional changes in the liver but may also involve the entire body via the hepatic factors, e.g., playing an important role in the development of AKI. This raises the question of whether analogs of beneficial hepatic factors or inhibitors of detrimental hepatic factors could be used as a treatment for NAFLD-mediated and hepatic factor-driven AKI or other metabolic disorders. Accordingly, in this review, we describe the systemic effects of several types of hepatic factors, with a particular focus on the possible link between hepatic factors whose expression is altered under NAFLD and AKI. We also summarize the role of some key hepatic factors in metabolic control mechanisms and discuss their possible use as a preventive treatment for the progression of metabolic diseases.
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13
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Yang B, Lu L, Zhou D, Fan W, Barbier-Torres L, Steggerda J, Yang H, Yang X. Regulatory network and interplay of hepatokines, stellakines, myokines and adipokines in nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1007944. [PMID: 36267567 PMCID: PMC9578007 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1007944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Fatty liver disease is a spectrum of liver pathologies ranging from simple hepatic steatosis to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), and culminating with the development of cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The pathogenesis of NAFLD is complex and diverse, and there is a lack of effective treatment measures. In this review, we address hepatokines identified in the pathogenesis of NAFLD and NASH, including the signaling of FXR/RXR, PPARα/RXRα, adipogenesis, hepatic stellate cell activation/liver fibrosis, AMPK/NF-κB, and type 2 diabetes. We also highlight the interaction between hepatokines, and cytokines or peptides secreted from muscle (myokines), adipose tissue (adipokines), and hepatic stellate cells (stellakines) in response to certain nutritional and physical activity. Cytokines exert autocrine, paracrine, or endocrine effects on the pathogenesis of NAFLD and NASH. Characterizing signaling pathways and crosstalk amongst muscle, adipose tissue, hepatic stellate cells and other liver cells will enhance our understanding of interorgan communication and potentially serve to accelerate the development of treatments for NAFLD and NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Yang
- Department of Geriatric Endocrinology and Metabolism, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine in Cardio-cerebrovascular Diseases Control and Prevention, Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Cardio-cerebrovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Liqing Lu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Dongmei Zhou
- Department of Geriatric Endocrinology and Metabolism, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine in Cardio-cerebrovascular Diseases Control and Prevention, Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Cardio-cerebrovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Wei Fan
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Lucía Barbier-Torres
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Justin Steggerda
- Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Heping Yang
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Xi Yang
- Department of Geriatric Endocrinology and Metabolism, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine in Cardio-cerebrovascular Diseases Control and Prevention, Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Cardio-cerebrovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
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14
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Ma C, Han L, Zhu Z, Heng Pang C, Pan G. Mineral metabolism and ferroptosis in non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 205:115242. [PMID: 36084708 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become the most prevalent chronic liver disease worldwide. Minerals including iron, copper, zinc, and selenium, fulfil an essential role in various biochemical processes. Moreover, the identification of ferroptosis and cuproptosis further underscores the importance of intracellular mineral homeostasis. However, perturbation of minerals has been frequently reported in patients with NAFLD and related diseases. Interestingly, studies have attempted to establish an association between mineral disorders and NAFLD pathological features, including oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammatory response, and fibrogenesis. In this review, we aim to provide an overview of the current understanding of mineral metabolism (i.e., absorption, utilization, and transport) and mineral interactions in the pathogenesis of NAFLD. More importantly, this review highlights potential therapeutic strategies, challenges, future directions for targeting mineral metabolism in the treatment of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenhui Ma
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo 315100, China; Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Li Han
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zheying Zhu
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics & Formulation, School of Pharmacy, The University of Nottingham, University Park Campus, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK.
| | - Cheng Heng Pang
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo 315100, China.
| | - Guoyu Pan
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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ERα-Dependent Regulation of Adropin Predicts Sex Differences in Liver Homeostasis during High-Fat Diet. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14163262. [PMID: 36014766 PMCID: PMC9416503 DOI: 10.3390/nu14163262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) represents a public health issue, due to its prevalence and association with other cardiometabolic diseases. Growing evidence suggests that NAFLD alters the production of hepatokines, which, in turn, influence several metabolic processes. Despite accumulating evidence on the major role of estrogen signaling in the sexually dimorphic nature of NAFLD, dependency of hepatokine expression on sex and estrogens has been poorly investigated. Through in vitro and in vivo analysis, we determined the extent to which hepatokines, known to be altered in NAFLD, can be regulated, in a sex-specific fashion, under different hormonal and nutritional conditions. Our study identified four hepatokines that better recapitulate sex and estrogen dependency. Among them, adropin resulted as one that displays a sex-specific and estrogen receptor alpha (ERα)-dependent regulation in the liver of mice under an excess of dietary lipids (high-fat diet, HFD). Under HFD conditions, the hepatic induction of adropin negatively correlates with the expression of lipogenic genes and with fatty liver in female mice, an effect that depends upon hepatic ERα. Our findings support the idea that ERα-mediated induction of adropin might represent a potential approach to limit or prevent NAFLD.
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Vachher M, Bansal S, Kumar B, Yadav S, Arora T, Wali NM, Burman A. Contribution of organokines in the development of NAFLD/NASH associated hepatocellular carcinoma. J Cell Biochem 2022; 123:1553-1584. [PMID: 35818831 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Globally the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is on an upsurge. Evidence is accumulating that liver disorders like nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and its more progressive form nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) are associated with increased risk of developing HCC. NAFLD has a prevalence of about 25% and 50%-90% in obese population. With the growing burden of obesity epidemic worldwide, HCC presents a major healthcare burden. While cirrhosis is one of the major risk factors of HCC, available literature suggests that NAFLD/NASH associated HCC also develops in minimum or noncirrhotic livers. Therefore, there is an urgent need to understand the pathogenesis and risk factors associated with NAFLD and NASH related HCC that would help in early diagnosis and favorable prognosis of HCC secondary to NAFLD. Adipokines, hepatokines and myokines are factors secreted by adipocytes, hepatocytes and myocytes, respectively, playing essential roles in cellular homeostasis, energy balance and metabolism with autocrine, paracrine and endocrine effects. In this review, we endeavor to focus on the role of these organokines in the pathogenesis of NAFLD/NASH and its progression to HCC to augment the understanding of the factors stimulating hepatocytes to acquire a malignant phenotype. This shall aid in the development of novel therapeutic strategies and tools for early diagnosis of NAFLD/NASH and HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meenakshi Vachher
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Home Economics, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Savita Bansal
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Home Economics, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Bhupender Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Home Economics, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Sandeep Yadav
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Home Economics, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Taruna Arora
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Home Economics, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Nalini Moza Wali
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Home Economics, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Archana Burman
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Home Economics, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
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17
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Selenium Status and Its Antioxidant Role in Metabolic Diseases. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:7009863. [PMID: 35847596 PMCID: PMC9279078 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7009863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Selenium (Se), in the form of selenoproteins, is an essential micronutrient that plays an important role in human health and disease. To date, there are at least 25 selenoproteins in humans involved in a wide variety of biological functions, including mammalian development, metabolic progress, inflammation response, chemoprotective properties, and most notably, oxidoreductase functions. In recent years, numerous studies have reported that low Se levels are associated with increased risk, poor outcome, and mortality of metabolic disorders, mainly related to the limited antioxidant defense resulting from Se deficiency. Moreover, the correlation between Se deficiency and Keshan disease has received considerable attention. Therefore, Se supplementation as a therapeutic strategy for preventing the occurrence, delaying the progression, and alleviating the outcomes of some diseases has been widely studied. However, supranutritional levels of serum Se may have adverse effects, including Se poisoning. This review evaluates the correlation between Se status and human health, with particular emphasis on the antioxidant benefits of Se in metabolic disorders, shedding light on clinical treatment.
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Gravina AG, Romeo M, Pellegrino R, Tuccillo C, Federico A, Loguercio C. Just Drink a Glass of Water? Effects of Bicarbonate–Sulfate–Calcium–Magnesium Water on the Gut–Liver Axis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:869446. [PMID: 35837275 PMCID: PMC9274271 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.869446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim: Fonte Essenziale® water is a bicarbonate–sulfate–calcium–magnesium water, low in sodium, recognized by the Italian health care system in hydropinotherapy and hepatobiliary dyspepsia therapy. We wanted to explore its effects on the gut–liver axis and microbiota in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease patients. Patients and Methods: We considered enrollment for 70 patients, of which four were excluded. We finally enrolled 55 patients with ultrasound-documented steatosis (SPs+) and 11 patients without it (SPs−). They then drank 400 ml of water for 6 months in the morning on an empty stomach. Routine hematochemical and metabolic parameters, oxidative stress parameters, gastrointestinal hormone levels, and fecal parameters of the gut microbiota were evaluated at three different assessment times, at baseline (T0), after 6 months (T6), and after a further 6 months of water washout (T12). We lost, in follow-up, 4 (T6) and 22 (T12) patients. Results: Between T0–T6, we observed a significant Futuin A and Selenoprotein A decrease and a GLP-1 and PYY increase in SPs+ and the same for Futuin A and GLP-1 in SPs−. Effects were lost at T12. In SPs+, between T0–T12 and T6–12, a significant reduction in Blautia was observed; between T0–T12, a reduction of Collinsella unc. was observed; and between T0–T12 and T6–12, an increase in Subdoligranulum and Dorea was observed. None of the bacterial strains we analyzed varied significantly in the SPs− population. Conclusion: These results indicate beneficial effects of water on gastrointestinal hormones and hence on the gut–liver axis in the period in which subjects drank water both in SPs− and in SPs+.
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Associations between Circulating SELENOP Level and Disorders of Glucose and Lipid Metabolism: A Meta-Analysis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11071263. [PMID: 35883754 PMCID: PMC9311835 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11071263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Selenoprotein P (SELENOP) is an extracellular antioxidant, selenium transporter, and hepatokine interfering with glucose and lipid metabolism. To study the association between the circulating SELENOP concentration and glucose and lipid metabolic diseases (GLMDs), including gestational diabetes (GD), metabolic syndrome (MetS), non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, obesity, and type 2 diabetes, as well as the individual markers, a meta-analysis was conducted by searching multiple databases from their establishment through March 2022 and including 27 articles published between October 2010 and May 2021, involving 4033 participants. Participants with GLMDs had higher levels of SELENOP than those without GLMDs (standardized mean difference = 0.84, 95% CI: 0.16 to 1.51), and the SELENOP levels were positively correlated with the markers of GLMDs (pooled effect size = 0.09, 95% CI: 0.02 to 0.15). Subgroup analyses showed that the SELENOP concentrations were higher in women with GD and lower in individuals with MetS than their counterparts, respectively. Moreover, SELENOP was positively correlated with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, but not with the other markers of GLMDs. Thus, the heterogenicity derived from diseases or disease markers should be carefully considered while interpreting the overall positive association between SELENOP and GLMDs. Studies with a larger sample size and advanced design are warranted to confirm these findings.
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Liang L, Ye S, Jiang R, Zhou X, Zhou J, Meng S. Liensinine alleviates high fat diet (HFD)-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) through suppressing oxidative stress and inflammation via regulating TAK1/AMPK signaling. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 104:108306. [PMID: 34999396 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.108306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most prevalent liver diseases without effective pharmacological intervention. Liensinine (LIEN), a plant-derived isoquinoline alkaloid, exerts key roles in regulating various cellular processes. However, its potential on NAFLD progression has not been reported. In the study, we attempted to explore the regulatory effects of LIEN on fatty liver, and the underlying molecular mechanisms. Our in vitro experiments showed that LIEN treatments significantly reduced the lipid deposition in palmitate acid (PA)-treated cells by improving AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation. Additionally, excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation was also strongly down-regulated by LIEN in cells upon PA stimulation through enhancing nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) nuclear translocation. Moreover, PA-triggered inflammatory response was markedly restrained by LIEN via the blockage of TGF-β-activating kinase 1/nuclear factor-κB (TAK1/NF-κB) signaling. Intriguingly, we further found that LIEN-prohibited ROS production, lipid disorder and inflammation were largely dependent on AMPK activation through repressing TAK1. Consistently, our in vivo experiments confirmed that LIEN treatments efficiently improved the metabolic disorder, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia in high fat diet (HFD)-fed mice. Furthermore, HFD-triggered oxidative stress and inflammation in liver were greatly meliorated by LIEN administration by mediating Nrf2 and TAK1 signaling pathways, respectively. Collectively, all these findings demonstrated that LIEN exerted anti-dyslipidemia, anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects to alleviate NAFLD progression mainly through modulating TAK1/AMPK signaling, and thus could be considered as a promising therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Liang
- Department of Nutrition, The Second People's Hospital of Lishui, Lishui 323000, China
| | - Shiwei Ye
- Department of Nutrition, The Second People's Hospital of Lishui, Lishui 323000, China
| | - Ruilai Jiang
- Department of Geriatric Respiratory & Critical Care Medicine, The Second People's Hospital of Lishui, Lishui 323000, China
| | - Xiao Zhou
- Department of Nutrition, The Second People's Hospital of Lishui, Lishui 323000, China
| | - Junjie Zhou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second People's Hospital of Lishui, Lishui 323000, China
| | - Shuiyun Meng
- Department of Geriatric Respiratory & Critical Care Medicine, The Second People's Hospital of Lishui, Lishui 323000, China.
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21
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Wang Y, Liu B, Wu P, Chu Y, Gui S, Zheng Y, Chen X. Dietary Selenium Alleviated Mouse Liver Oxidative Stress and NAFLD Induced by Obesity by Regulating the KEAP1/NRF2 Pathway. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11020349. [PMID: 35204232 PMCID: PMC8868436 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11020349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) occurs when excess fat is stored in the liver and it is strongly linked with metabolic syndrome and oxidative stress. Selenium (Se) is an essential micronutrient in animals, which has a variety of biological functions, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory. However, the exact effect of dietary selenium on NAFLD and the underlying molecular mechanism are not yet clear. Herein, we fed a high-fat diet (HFD) to C57BL/6 mice to construct an in vivo NAFLD model, treated AML-12 cells with palmitic acid (PA) to construct an in vitro NAFLD model, and AML-12 cells were stimulated with H2O2 to induce hepatocyte oxidative stress and then treated with adequate selenium. We observed that adequate selenium significantly improved the hepatic injury and insulin resistance in HFD mice, and decreased the fat accumulation and the expression of lipogenic genes in PA-induced AML-12 cells. Meanwhile, selenium significantly inhibited the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), inhibited apoptosis, and restored mitochondrial number and membrane potential in PA- induced AML-12 cells. In addition, selenium can promote selenoproteinP1 (SEPP1) synthesis to regulate the Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1)/NF-E2-related factor 2 (NRF2) pathway, so as to defend against hepatocyte oxidative stress. These findings suggest that dietary selenium supplementation can effectively resist hepatic injury and insulin resistance during NAFLD development, and regulate the KEAP1/NRF2 pathway to resist oxidative stress by promoting SEPP1 synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (Y.W.); (B.L.); (Y.C.); (S.G.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Bingbing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (Y.W.); (B.L.); (Y.C.); (S.G.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Peixuan Wu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China;
| | - Yi Chu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (Y.W.); (B.L.); (Y.C.); (S.G.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Sisi Gui
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (Y.W.); (B.L.); (Y.C.); (S.G.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yazhen Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (Y.W.); (B.L.); (Y.C.); (S.G.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Xiaodong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (Y.W.); (B.L.); (Y.C.); (S.G.); (Y.Z.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-27-87282091
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Iacob SA, Iacob DG. Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in HIV/HBV Patients - a Metabolic Imbalance Aggravated by Antiretroviral Therapy and Perpetuated by the Hepatokine/Adipokine Axis Breakdown. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:814209. [PMID: 35355551 PMCID: PMC8959898 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.814209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is strongly associated with the metabolic syndrome and is one of the most prevalent comorbidities in HIV and HBV infected patients. HIV plays an early and direct role in the development of metabolic syndrome by disrupting the mechanism of adipogenesis and synthesis of adipokines. Adipokines, molecules that regulate the lipid metabolism, also contribute to the progression of NAFLD either directly or via hepatic organokines (hepatokines). Most hepatokines play a direct role in lipid homeostasis and liver inflammation but their role in the evolution of NAFLD is not well defined. The role of HBV in the pathogenesis of NAFLD is controversial. HBV has been previously associated with a decreased level of triglycerides and with a protective role against the development of steatosis and metabolic syndrome. At the same time HBV displays a high fibrogenetic and oncogenetic potential. In the HIV/HBV co-infection, the metabolic changes are initiated by mitochondrial dysfunction as well as by the fatty overload of the liver, two interconnected mechanisms. The evolution of NAFLD is further perpetuated by the inflammatory response to these viral agents and by the variable toxicity of the antiretroviral therapy. The current article discusses the pathogenic changes and the contribution of the hepatokine/adipokine axis in the development of NAFLD as well as the implications of HIV and HBV infection in the breakdown of the hepatokine/adipokine axis and NAFLD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Alexandra Iacob
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Infectious Diseases “Prof. Dr. Matei Bals”, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Diana Gabriela Iacob
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Emergency University Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
- *Correspondence: Diana Gabriela Iacob,
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Steinbrenner H, Duntas LH, Rayman MP. The role of selenium in type-2 diabetes mellitus and its metabolic comorbidities. Redox Biol 2022; 50:102236. [PMID: 35144052 PMCID: PMC8844812 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This review addresses the role of the essential trace element, selenium, in type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its metabolic co-morbidities, i.e., metabolic syndrome, obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. We refer to the dietary requirements of selenium and the key physiological roles of selenoproteins. We explore the dysregulated fuel metabolism in T2DM and its co-morbidities, emphasizing the relevance of inflammation and oxidative stress. We describe the epidemiology of observational and experimental studies of selenium in diabetes and related conditions, explaining that the interaction between selenium status and glucose control is not limited to hyperglycemia but extends to hypoglycemia. We propose that the association between high plasma/serum selenium and T2DM/fasting plasma glucose observed in many cross-sectional studies may rely on the upregulation of hepatic selenoprotein-P biosynthesis in conditions of hyperglycemia and insulin resistance. While animal studies have revealed potential molecular mechanisms underlying adverse effects of severe selenium/selenoprotein excess and deficiency in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction, their translational significance is rather limited. Importantly, dietary selenium supplementation does not appear to be a major causal factor for the development of T2DM in humans though we cannot currently exclude a small contribution of selenium on top of other risk factors, in particular if it is ingested at high (supranutritional) doses. Elevated selenium biomarkers that are often measured in T2DM patients are more likely to be a consequence, rather than a cause, of diabetes.
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Day K, Seale LA, Graham RM, Cardoso BR. Selenotranscriptome Network in Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Front Nutr 2021; 8:744825. [PMID: 34869521 PMCID: PMC8635790 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.744825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Observational studies indicate that selenium may contribute to the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Transcriptomic exploration of the aetiology and progression of NAFLD may offer insight into the role selenium plays in this disease. This study compared gene expression levels of known selenoprotein pathways between individuals with a healthy liver to those with NAFLD. Publicly available gene expression databases were searched for studies that measured global gene expression in liver samples from patients with steatosis and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and healthy controls (with [HOC] or without [HC] obesity). A subset of five selenoprotein-related pathways (164 genes) were assessed in the four datasets included in this analysis. The gene TXNRD3 was less expressed in both disease groups when compared with HOC. SCLY and SELENOO were less expressed in NASH when compared with HC. SELENOM, DIO1, GPX2, and GPX3 were highly expressed in NASH when compared to HOC. Disease groups had lower expression of iron-associated transporters and higher expression of ferritin-encoding sub-units, consistent with dysregulation of iron metabolism often observed in NAFLD. Our bioinformatics analysis suggests that the NAFLD liver may have lower selenium levels than a disease-free liver, which may be associated with a disrupted iron metabolism. Our findings indicate that gene expression variation may be associated with the progressive risk of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlin Day
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food, Monash University, Notting Hill, VIC, Australia
| | - Lucia A Seale
- Pacific Biosciences Research Center, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | - Ross M Graham
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Barbara R Cardoso
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food, Monash University, Notting Hill, VIC, Australia
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Fan M, Choi YJ, Tang Y, Kim JH, Kim BG, Lee B, Bae SM, Kim EK. AGL9: A Novel Hepatoprotective Peptide from the Larvae of Edible Insects Alleviates Obesity-Induced Hepatic Inflammation by Regulating AMPK/Nrf2 Signaling. Foods 2021; 10:foods10091973. [PMID: 34574082 PMCID: PMC8470292 DOI: 10.3390/foods10091973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the anti-obesity properties of the novel peptide Ala-Gly-Leu-Gln-Phe-Pro-Val-Gly-Arg (AGL9), isolated from the enzymatic hydrolysate of Allomyrinadichotoma larvae. To investigate the preventive effects of AGL9 against hepatic steatosis and its possible mechanisms of action, we established an nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) model by feeding C57BL/6 mice a high-fat diet. NAFLD mice were administered 100 mg/kg AGL9 and 60 mg/kg orlistat via gavage (10 mL/kg) for 5 weeks, followed by the collection of blood and liver tissues. We found that AGL9 normalized the levels of serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, triglyceride, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, very low-density lipoprotein (LDL)/LDL, adiponectin, and leptin in these mice. Additionally, AGL9 activated the protein-level expression of 5′ AMP-activated protein kinase and acetyl-CoA carboxylase phosphorylation and the transcript-level expression of sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c, fatty acid synthase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glucocorticoid receptor, nuclear respiratory factor 2, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in hepatocytes. These results showed that AGL9 exhibited hepatoprotective effects by attenuating lipid deposition, oxidative stress, and inflammation via inhibition of AMPK/Nrf2 signaling, thereby reducing the production of hepatic proinflammatory mediators and indicating AGL9 as a potential therapeutic strategy for NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiqi Fan
- Division of Food Bioscience, College of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Korea;
| | - Young-Jin Choi
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Health Science, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Korea; (Y.-J.C.); (B.L.)
- Center for Silver-Targeted Biomaterials, Brain Busan 21 Plus Program, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Korea
| | - Yujiao Tang
- School of Life Sciences, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130600, China;
| | - Ji Hye Kim
- Gyeongnam Agricultural Research and Extension Services, Jinju 52733, Korea;
| | - Byung-gyu Kim
- Center for Genomic Integrity, Institute for Basic Science, Ulsan 44919, Korea;
| | - Bokyung Lee
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Health Science, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Korea; (Y.-J.C.); (B.L.)
- Center for Silver-Targeted Biomaterials, Brain Busan 21 Plus Program, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Korea
| | - Sung Mun Bae
- Gyeongnam Agricultural Research and Extension Services, Jinju 52733, Korea;
- Correspondence: (S.M.B.); (E.-K.K.); Tel.: +82-55-254-1333 (S.M.B.); +82-51-200-7321 (E.-K.K.)
| | - Eun-Kyung Kim
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Health Science, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Korea; (Y.-J.C.); (B.L.)
- Center for Silver-Targeted Biomaterials, Brain Busan 21 Plus Program, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Korea
- Correspondence: (S.M.B.); (E.-K.K.); Tel.: +82-55-254-1333 (S.M.B.); +82-51-200-7321 (E.-K.K.)
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Caviglia GP, Rosso C, Armandi A, Gaggini M, Carli F, Abate ML, Olivero A, Ribaldone DG, Saracco GM, Gastaldelli A, Bugianesi E. Interplay between Oxidative Stress and Metabolic Derangements in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: The Role of Selenoprotein P. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21228838. [PMID: 33266488 PMCID: PMC7700603 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Pathogenetic mechanisms involved in the progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are complex and multifactorial. We investigated oxidative stress through the measurement of selenoprotein P (SeP) in serum and we explored its relation to metabolic derangements and liver damage in a group of non-diabetic NAFLD subjects. Methods: 57 NAFLD patients underwent a double-tracer oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Insulin resistance (IR) components were calculated at baseline as follows: hepatic-IR = (endogenous glucose production*insulin); peripheral-IR = (glucose rate of disappearance(Rd)); adipose-tissue(AT)-IR as Lipo-IR = (glycerol rate of appearance (Ra)*insulin) or AT-IR = (free fatty acids (FFAs)*insulin). The lipid and amino acid (AA) profiles were assessed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. SeP levels were measured by enzyme immunosorbent assay. Results: Circulating SeP correlated with insulin (rS = 0.28), FFAs (rS = 0.42), glucose Rd (rS = −0.33) and glycerol Ra (rS = −0.34); consistently, SeP levels correlated with Lipo-IR and AT-IR (rS > 0.4). Among the AA and lipid profiles, SeP inversely correlated with serine (rS = −0.31), glycine (rS = −0.44) and branched chain AA (rS = −0.32), and directly correlated with saturated (rS = 0.41) and monounsaturated FFAs (rS = 0.40). Hepatic steatosis and fibrosis increased in subjects with higher levels of SeP. In multivariable regression analysis, SeP was associated with the degree of hepatic fibrosis (t = 2.4, p = 0.022). Conclusions: SeP levels were associated with an altered metabolic profile and to the degree of hepatic fibrosis, suggesting a role in the pathogenesis of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gian Paolo Caviglia
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (G.P.C.); (A.A.); (M.L.A.); (A.O.); (D.G.R.); (G.M.S.); (E.B.)
| | - Chiara Rosso
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (G.P.C.); (A.A.); (M.L.A.); (A.O.); (D.G.R.); (G.M.S.); (E.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-011-633-3532
| | - Angelo Armandi
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (G.P.C.); (A.A.); (M.L.A.); (A.O.); (D.G.R.); (G.M.S.); (E.B.)
| | - Melania Gaggini
- Cardiometabolic Risk Unit, Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, 56121 Pisa, Italy; (M.G.); (F.C.); (A.G.)
| | - Fabrizia Carli
- Cardiometabolic Risk Unit, Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, 56121 Pisa, Italy; (M.G.); (F.C.); (A.G.)
| | - Maria Lorena Abate
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (G.P.C.); (A.A.); (M.L.A.); (A.O.); (D.G.R.); (G.M.S.); (E.B.)
| | - Antonella Olivero
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (G.P.C.); (A.A.); (M.L.A.); (A.O.); (D.G.R.); (G.M.S.); (E.B.)
| | - Davide Giuseppe Ribaldone
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (G.P.C.); (A.A.); (M.L.A.); (A.O.); (D.G.R.); (G.M.S.); (E.B.)
- Division of Gastroenterology, Città della Salute e della Scienza University-Hospital, 10100 Turin, Italy
| | - Giorgio Maria Saracco
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (G.P.C.); (A.A.); (M.L.A.); (A.O.); (D.G.R.); (G.M.S.); (E.B.)
- Division of Gastroenterology, Città della Salute e della Scienza University-Hospital, 10100 Turin, Italy
| | - Amalia Gastaldelli
- Cardiometabolic Risk Unit, Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, 56121 Pisa, Italy; (M.G.); (F.C.); (A.G.)
| | - Elisabetta Bugianesi
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (G.P.C.); (A.A.); (M.L.A.); (A.O.); (D.G.R.); (G.M.S.); (E.B.)
- Division of Gastroenterology, Città della Salute e della Scienza University-Hospital, 10100 Turin, Italy
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