1
|
Wang S, Yang H. Low-molecular-weight heparin ameliorates intestinal barrier dysfunction in aged male rats via protection of tight junction proteins. Biogerontology 2024:10.1007/s10522-024-10118-6. [PMID: 38970715 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-024-10118-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
The intestinal barrier weakens and chronic gut inflammation occurs in old age, causing age-related illnesses. Recent research shows that low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH), besides anticoagulation, also has anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects, protecting the intestinal barrier. This study aims to analyze the effect of LMWH on the intestinal barrier of old male rodents. This study assigned Sprague-Dawley male rats to four groups: young (3 months), young + LMWH, old (20 months), and old + LMWH. The LMWH groups received 1 mg/kg LMWH via subcutaneous injection for 7 days. Optical and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to examine morphological changes in intestinal mucosa due to aging. Intestinal permeability was measured using fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-dextran. ELISA kits were used to measure serum levels of IL-6 and IL-1β, while Quantitative RT-PCR detected their mRNA levels in intestinal tissues. Western blotting and immunohistochemistry (IHC) evaluated the tight junction (TJ) protein levels such as occludin, zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), and claudin-2. Western blotting assessed the expression of the apoptosis marker cleaved caspase 3, while IHC was used to detect LGR5+ intestinal stem cells. The intestinal permeability of aged rats was significantly higher than that of young rats, indicating significant differences. With age, the protein levels of occludin and ZO-1 decreased significantly, while the level of claudin-2 increased significantly. Meanwhile, our study found that the levels of IL-1β and IL-6 increased significantly with age. LMWH intervention effectively alleviated age-related intestinal barrier dysfunction. In aged rats treated with LMWH, the expression of occludin and ZO-1 proteins in the intestine increased, while the expression of claudin-2 decreased. Furthermore, LMWH administration in aged rats resulted in a decrease in IL-1β and IL-6 levels. LMWH also reduced age-related cleaved caspase3 expression, but IHC showed no difference in LGR5+ intestinal stem cells between groups. Research suggests that LMWH could potentially be a favorable therapeutic choice for age-related diseases associated with intestinal barrier dysfunction, by protecting TJ proteins, reducing inflammation, and apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shaojun Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
| | - Hong Yang
- Emergency Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Raheem MA, Rahim MA, Gul I, Reyad-Ul-Ferdous M, Zhang CY, Yu D, Pandey V, Du K, Wang R, Han S, Han Y, Qin P. COVID-19: Post infection implications in different age groups, mechanism, diagnosis, effective prevention, treatment, and recommendations. Life Sci 2024:122861. [PMID: 38925222 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 is a highly contagious pathogen that predominantly caused the COVID-19 pandemic. The persistent effects of COVID-19 are defined as an inflammatory or host response to the virus that begins four weeks after initial infection and persists for an undetermined length of time. Chronic effects are more harmful than acute ones thus, this review explored the long-term effects of the virus on various human organs, including the pulmonary, cardiovascular, and neurological, reproductive, gastrointestinal, musculoskeletal, endocrine, and lymphoid systems and found that SARS-CoV-2 adversely affects these organs of older adults. Regarding diagnosis, the RT-PCR is a gold standard method of diagnosing COVID-19; however, it requires specialized equipment and personnel for performing assays and a long time for results production. Therefore, to overcome these limitations, artificial intelligence employed in imaging and microfluidics technologies is the most promising in diagnosing COVID-19. Pharmacological and non-pharmacological strategies are the most effective treatment for reducing the persistent impacts of COVID-19 by providing immunity to post-COVID-19 patients by reducing cytokine release syndrome, improving the T cell response, and increasing the circulation of activated natural killer and CD8 T cells in blood and tissues, which ultimately reduces fever, nausea, fatigue, and muscle weakness and pain. Vaccines such as inactivated viral, live attenuated viral, protein subunit, viral vectored, mRNA, DNA, or nanoparticle vaccines significantly reduce the adverse long-term virus effects in post-COVID-19 patients; however, no vaccine was reported to provide lifetime protection against COVID-19; consequently, protective measures such as physical separation, mask use, and hand cleansing are promising strategies. This review provides a comprehensive knowledge of the persistent effects of COVID-19 on people of varying ages, as well as diagnosis, treatment, vaccination, and future preventative measures against the spread of SARS-CoV-2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Akmal Raheem
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, PR China; Center of Precision Medicine and Healthcare, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province 518055, PR China
| | - Muhammad Ajwad Rahim
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Ahnui Agricultural University, Hefei, PR China
| | - Ijaz Gul
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, PR China; Center of Precision Medicine and Healthcare, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province 518055, PR China
| | - Md Reyad-Ul-Ferdous
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, PR China; Center of Precision Medicine and Healthcare, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province 518055, PR China
| | - Can Yang Zhang
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, PR China; Center of Precision Medicine and Healthcare, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province 518055, PR China
| | - Dongmei Yu
- School of Mechanical, Electrical & Information Engineering, Shandong University
| | - Vijay Pandey
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, PR China; Center of Precision Medicine and Healthcare, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province 518055, PR China
| | - Ke Du
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Runming Wang
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, PR China; Center of Precision Medicine and Healthcare, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province 518055, PR China
| | - Sanyang Han
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, PR China; Center of Precision Medicine and Healthcare, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province 518055, PR China
| | - Yuxing Han
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, PR China; Center of Precision Medicine and Healthcare, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province 518055, PR China
| | - Peiwu Qin
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, PR China; Center of Precision Medicine and Healthcare, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province 518055, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hu Y, Aljumaah MR, Azcarate-Peril MA. Galacto-Oligosaccharides and the Elderly Gut: Implications for Immune Restoration and Health. Adv Nutr 2024; 15:100263. [PMID: 38897384 DOI: 10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The increasing prevalence of noncommunicable diseases in the aging population has been correlated with a decline in innate and adaptive immune responses; hence, it is imperative to identify approaches to improve immune function, prevent related disorders, and reduce or treat age-associated health complications. Prebiotic supplementation is a promising approach to modulate the gut microbiome and immune system, offering a potential strategy to maintain the integrity of immune function in older individuals. This review summarizes the current research on prebiotic galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS) immunomodulatory mechanisms mediated by bacterial-derived metabolites, including short-chain fatty acids and secondary bile acids, to maintain immune homeostasis. The potential applications of GOS as immunotherapy for age-related disease prevention in older individuals are also highlighted. This aligns with the global shift toward proactive healthcare and emphasizes the significance of early intervention in directing an individual's health trajectory.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunan Hu
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States; UNC Microbiome Core, Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease (CGIBD), School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Mashael R Aljumaah
- UNC Microbiome Core, Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease (CGIBD), School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States; Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States; Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maria Andrea Azcarate-Peril
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States; UNC Microbiome Core, Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease (CGIBD), School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Lee S, Tejesvi MV, Hurskainen E, Aasmets O, Plaza-Díaz J, Franks S, Morin-Papunen L, Tapanainen JS, Ruuska TS, Altmäe S, Org E, Salumets A, Arffman RK, Piltonen TT. Gut bacteriome and mood disorders in women with PCOS. Hum Reprod 2024; 39:1291-1302. [PMID: 38614956 PMCID: PMC11145006 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deae073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION How does the gut bacteriome differ based on mood disorders (MDs) in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and how can the gut bacteriome contribute to the associations between these two conditions? SUMMARY ANSWER Women with PCOS who also have MDs exhibited a distinct gut bacteriome with reduced alpha diversity and a significantly lower abundance of Butyricicoccus compared to women with PCOS but without MDs. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Women with PCOS have a 4- to 5-fold higher risk of having MDs compared to women without PCOS. The gut bacteriome has been suggested to influence the pathophysiology of both PCOS and MDs. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION This population-based cohort study was derived from the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 (NFBC1966), which includes all women born in Northern Finland in 1966. Women with PCOS who donated a stool sample at age 46 years (n = 102) and two BMI-matched controls for each case (n = 205), who also responded properly to the MD criteria scales, were included. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS A total of 102 women with PCOS and 205 age- and BMI-matched women without PCOS were included. Based on the validated MD criteria, the subjects were categorized into MD or no-MD groups, resulting in the following subgroups: PCOS no-MD (n = 84), PCOS MD (n = 18), control no-MD (n = 180), and control MD (n = 25). Clinical characteristics were assessed at age 31 years and age 46 years, and stool samples were collected from the women at age 46 years, followed by the gut bacteriome analysis using 16 s rRNA sequencing. Alpha diversity was assessed using observed features and Shannon's index, with a focus on genera, and beta diversity was characterized using principal components analysis (PCA) with Bray-Curtis Dissimilarity at the genus level. Associations between the gut bacteriome and PCOS-related clinical features were explored by Spearman's correlation coefficient. A P-value for multiple testing was adjusted with the Benjamini-Hochberg false discovery rate (FDR) method. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE We observed changes in the gut bacteriome associated with MDs, irrespective of whether the women also had PCOS. Similarly, PCOS MD cases showed a lower alpha diversity (Observed feature, PCOS no-MD, median 272; PCOS MD, median 208, FDR = 0.01; Shannon, PCOS no-MD, median 5.95; PCOS MD, median 5.57, FDR = 0.01) but also a lower abundance of Butyricicoccus (log-fold changeAnalysis of Compositions of Microbiomes with Bias Correction (ANCOM-BC)=-0.90, FDRANCOM-BC=0.04) compared to PCOS no-MD cases. In contrast, in the controls, the gut bacteriome did not differ based on MDs. Furthermore, in the PCOS group, Sutterella showed positive correlations with PCOS-related clinical parameters linked to obesity (BMI, r2=0.31, FDR = 0.01; waist circumference, r2=0.29, FDR = 0.02), glucose metabolism (fasting glucose, r2=0.46, FDR < 0.001; fasting insulin, r2=0.24, FDR = 0.05), and gut barrier integrity (zonulin, r2=0.25, FDR = 0.03). LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION Although this was the first study to assess the link between the gut bacteriome and MDs in PCOS and included the largest PCOS dataset for the gut microbiome analysis, the number of subjects stratified by the presence of MDs was limited when contrasted with previous studies that focused on MDs in a non-selected population. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS The main finding is that gut bacteriome is associated with MDs irrespective of the PCOS status, but PCOS may also modulate further the connection between the gut bacteriome and MDs. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) This research was funded by the European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie Grant Agreement (MATER, No. 813707), the Academy of Finland (project grants 315921, 321763, 336449), the Sigrid Jusélius Foundation, Novo Nordisk Foundation (NNF21OC0070372), grant numbers PID2021-12728OB-100 (Endo-Map) and CNS2022-135999 (ROSY) funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and ERFD A Way of Making Europe. The study was also supported by EU QLG1-CT-2000-01643 (EUROBLCS) (E51560), NorFA (731, 20056, 30167), USA/NIH 2000 G DF682 (50945), the Estonian Research Council (PRG1076, PRG1414), EMBO Installation (3573), and Horizon 2020 Innovation Grant (ERIN, No. EU952516). The funders did not participate in any process of the study. We have no conflicts of interest to declare. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER N/A.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Research Unit of Clinical Medicine, Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - M V Tejesvi
- Research Unit of Clinical Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Ecology and Genetics, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - E Hurskainen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Research Unit of Clinical Medicine, Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - O Aasmets
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - J Plaza-Díaz
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs. GRANADA, Granada, Spain
- Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - S Franks
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - L Morin-Papunen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Research Unit of Clinical Medicine, Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - J S Tapanainen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Research Unit of Clinical Medicine, Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, HFR—Cantonal Hospital of and University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - T S Ruuska
- Research Unit of Clinical Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine and Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - S Altmäe
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs. GRANADA, Granada, Spain
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institute and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - E Org
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - A Salumets
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institute and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Competence Centre on Health Technologies, Tartu, Estonia
| | - R K Arffman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Research Unit of Clinical Medicine, Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - T T Piltonen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Research Unit of Clinical Medicine, Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Hoisington AJ, Stearns-Yoder KA, Kovacs EJ, Postolache TT, Brenner LA. Airborne Exposure to Pollutants and Mental Health: A Review with Implications for United States Veterans. Curr Environ Health Rep 2024; 11:168-183. [PMID: 38457036 DOI: 10.1007/s40572-024-00437-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Inhalation of airborne pollutants in the natural and built environment is ubiquitous; yet, exposures are different across a lifespan and unique to individuals. Here, we reviewed the connections between mental health outcomes from airborne pollutant exposures, the biological inflammatory mechanisms, and provide future directions for researchers and policy makers. The current state of knowledge is discussed on associations between mental health outcomes and Clean Air Act criteria pollutants, traffic-related air pollutants, pesticides, heavy metals, jet fuel, and burn pits. RECENT FINDINGS Although associations between airborne pollutants and negative physical health outcomes have been a topic of previous investigations, work highlighting associations between exposures and psychological health is only starting to emerge. Research on criteria pollutants and mental health outcomes has the most robust results to date, followed by traffic-related air pollutants, and then pesticides. In contrast, scarce mental health research has been conducted on exposure to heavy metals, jet fuel, and burn pits. Specific cohorts of individuals, such as United States military members and in-turn, Veterans, often have unique histories of exposures, including service-related exposures to aircraft (e.g. jet fuels) and burn pits. Research focused on Veterans and other individuals with an increased likelihood of exposure and higher vulnerability to negative mental health outcomes is needed. Future research will facilitate knowledge aimed at both prevention and intervention to improve physical and mental health among military personnel, Veterans, and other at-risk individuals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Hoisington
- Veterans Affairs Rocky Mountain Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Rocky Mountain Regional Veterans Affairs Medical Center (RMR VAMC), Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
- Military and Veteran Microbiome: Consortium for Research and Education (MVM-CoRE), Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
- Department of Systems Engineering and Management, Air Force Institute of Technology, Wright-Patterson AFB, Dayton, OH, 45333, USA.
| | - Kelly A Stearns-Yoder
- Veterans Affairs Rocky Mountain Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Rocky Mountain Regional Veterans Affairs Medical Center (RMR VAMC), Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
- Military and Veteran Microbiome: Consortium for Research and Education (MVM-CoRE), Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Elizabeth J Kovacs
- Department of Surgery, Division of GI, Trauma and Endocrine Surgery, and Burn Research Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
- Veterans Affairs Research Service, RMR VAMC, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Teodor T Postolache
- Veterans Affairs Rocky Mountain Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Rocky Mountain Regional Veterans Affairs Medical Center (RMR VAMC), Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
- Military and Veteran Microbiome: Consortium for Research and Education (MVM-CoRE), Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
- Mood and Anxiety Program, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
- Department of Veterans Affairs, VISN 5 MIRECC, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Lisa A Brenner
- Veterans Affairs Rocky Mountain Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Rocky Mountain Regional Veterans Affairs Medical Center (RMR VAMC), Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
- Military and Veteran Microbiome: Consortium for Research and Education (MVM-CoRE), Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
- Departments of Psychiatry & Neurology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Lassoued N, Yero A, Jenabian MA, Soret R, Pilon N. Efficient enzyme-free method to assess the development and maturation of the innate and adaptive immune systems in the mouse colon. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11063. [PMID: 38744932 PMCID: PMC11094196 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61834-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Researchers who aim to globally analyze the gastrointestinal immune system via flow cytometry have many protocol options to choose from, with specifics generally tied to gut wall layers of interest. To get a clearer idea of the approach we should use on full-thickness colon samples from mice, we first undertook a systematic comparison of three tissue dissociation techniques: two based on enzymatic cocktails and the other one based on manual crushing. Using flow cytometry panels of general markers of lymphoid and myeloid cells, we found that the presence of cell-surface markers and relative cell population frequencies were more stable with the mechanical method. Both enzymatic approaches were associated with a marked decrease of several cell-surface markers. Using mechanical dissociation, we then developed two minimally overlapping panels, consisting of a total of 26 antibodies, for serial profiling of lymphoid and myeloid lineages from the mouse colon in greater detail. Here, we highlight how we accurately delineate these populations by manual gating, as well as the reproducibility of our panels on mouse spleen and whole blood. As a proof-of-principle of the usefulness of our general approach, we also report segment- and life stage-specific patterns of immune cell profiles in the colon. Overall, our data indicate that mechanical dissociation is more suitable and efficient than enzymatic methods for recovering immune cells from all colon layers at once. Additionally, our panels will provide researchers with a relatively simple tool for detailed immune cell profiling in the murine gastrointestinal tract, regardless of life stage or experimental conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nejia Lassoued
- Molecular Genetics of Development Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Centre d'excellence en recherche sur les maladies orphelines - Fondation Courtois (CERMO-FC), Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Alexis Yero
- Centre d'excellence en recherche sur les maladies orphelines - Fondation Courtois (CERMO-FC), Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Human Immuno-Virology Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Mohammad-Ali Jenabian
- Centre d'excellence en recherche sur les maladies orphelines - Fondation Courtois (CERMO-FC), Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Human Immuno-Virology Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Rodolphe Soret
- Molecular Genetics of Development Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
- Centre d'excellence en recherche sur les maladies orphelines - Fondation Courtois (CERMO-FC), Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
| | - Nicolas Pilon
- Molecular Genetics of Development Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
- Centre d'excellence en recherche sur les maladies orphelines - Fondation Courtois (CERMO-FC), Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
- Department of Pediatrics, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Gámez-Macías PE, Félix-Soriano E, Samblas M, Sáinz N, Moreno-Aliaga MJ, González-Muniesa P. Intestinal Permeability, Gut Inflammation, and Gut Immune System Response Are Linked to Aging-Related Changes in Gut Microbiota Composition: A Study in Female Mice. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2024; 79:glae045. [PMID: 38364863 PMCID: PMC10957128 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glae045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Aging entails changes at the cellular level that increase the risk of various pathologies. An association between gut microbiota and age-related diseases has also been attributed. This study aims to analyze changes in fecal microbiota composition and their association with genes related to immune response, gut inflammation, and intestinal barrier impairment. Fecal samples of female mice at different ages (2 months, 6 months, 12 months, and 18 months) and gene expression in colon tissue were analyzed. Results showed that the older mice group had a more diverse microbiota than the younger group. Additionally, the abundance of Cyanobacteria, Proteobacteria, Flavobacteriaceae, Bacteroides, Parabacteroides, Prevotellaceae_UCG-001, Akkermansia, and Parabacteroides goldsteinii increased with age. In contrast, there was a notable decline in Clostridiaceae, Lactobacillaceae, Monoglobaceae, Ligilactobacillus, Limosilactobacillus, Mucispirillum, and Bacteroides faecichinchillae. These bacteria imbalances were positively correlated with increased inflammation markers in the colon, including Tnf-α, Ccl2, and Ccl12, and negatively with the expression of tight junction genes (Jam2, Tjp1, and Tjp2), as well as immune response genes (Cd4, Cd72, Tlr7, Tlr12, and Lbp). In conclusion, high levels of diversity did not result in improved health in older mice; however, the imbalance in bacteria abundance that occurs with aging might contribute to immune senescence, inflammation, and leaky gut disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paola Elizabeth Gámez-Macías
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, Food Science, and Physiology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Elisa Félix-Soriano
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, Food Science, and Physiology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Mirian Samblas
- Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Neira Sáinz
- Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - María Jesús Moreno-Aliaga
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, Food Science, and Physiology, and Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra/Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pedro González-Muniesa
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, Food Science, and Physiology, and Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra/Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Longtine AG, Greenberg NT, Bernaldo de Quirós Y, Brunt VE. The gut microbiome as a modulator of arterial function and age-related arterial dysfunction. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2024; 326:H986-H1005. [PMID: 38363212 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00764.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
The arterial system is integral to the proper function of all other organs and tissues. Arterial function is impaired with aging, and arterial dysfunction contributes to the development of numerous age-related diseases, including cardiovascular diseases. The gut microbiome has emerged as an important regulator of both normal host physiological function and impairments in function with aging. The purpose of this review is to summarize more recently published literature demonstrating the role of the gut microbiome in supporting normal arterial development and function and in modulating arterial dysfunction with aging in the absence of overt disease. The gut microbiome can be altered due to a variety of exposures, including physiological aging processes. We explore mechanisms by which the gut microbiome may contribute to age-related arterial dysfunction, with a focus on changes in various gut microbiome-related compounds in circulation. In addition, we discuss how modulating circulating levels of these compounds may be a viable therapeutic approach for improving artery function with aging. Finally, we identify and discuss various experimental considerations and research gaps/areas of future research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abigail G Longtine
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, United States
| | - Nathan T Greenberg
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, United States
| | - Yara Bernaldo de Quirós
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, United States
- Instituto Universitario de Sanidad Animal y Seguridad Alimentaria, Universidad de las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain
| | - Vienna E Brunt
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, United States
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Young P, Henningsen K, Snipe R, Gaskell S, Alcock R, Mika A, Rauch C, Costa RJS. Does Age Influence Gastrointestinal Status Responses to Exertional-heat Stress? Int J Sports Med 2024; 45:272-281. [PMID: 38198808 DOI: 10.1055/a-2195-3131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
This meta-data exploration aimed to determine the impact of exertional-heat stress (EHS) on gastrointestinal status of masters age and young adult endurance athletes. Sixteen MASTERS (mean: 44y) and twenty-one YOUNG (26y) recreational endurance athletes completed 2 h of running at 60% ˙V O2max in 35˚C ambient conditions. Blood samples were collected pre-, immediately and 1 h post-EHS, and analyzed for markers of exercise-induced gastrointestinal syndrome (EIGS). Thermo-physiological measures and gastrointestinal symptoms (GIS) were recorded every 10-20 min during EHS. Peak Δ pre- to post-EHS did not substantially differ (p>0.05) between MASTERS and YOUNG for intestinal epithelial injury [I-FABP: 1652pg/ml vs. 1524pg/ml, respectively], bacterial endotoxic translocation [sCD14: -0.09µg/mL vs. 0.84µg/mL, respectively], lipopolysaccharide-binding protein [LBP: 0.26µg/mL vs. 1.76µg/mL, respectively], and systemic inflammatory response profile (SIR-Profile: 92.0arb.unit vs. 154arb.unit, respectively). A significantly higher peak Δ pre- to post-EHS in endogenous endotoxin anti-body IgM (p=0.042), and pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1β (p=0.038), was observed in YOUNG compared to MASTERS. No difference was observed between incidence (81% and 80%, respectively) and severity (summative accumulation: 21 and 30, respectively) of reported GIS during EHS between MASTERS and YOUNG. Pathophysiology of EIGS in response to EHS does not substantially differ with age progression, since masters and younger adult endurance athletes responded comparably.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pascale Young
- Department of Nutrition Dietetics & Food, Monash University, Notting Hill, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kayla Henningsen
- Department of Nutrition Dietetics & Food, Monash University, Notting Hill, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rhiannon Snipe
- Centre for Sport Research, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria, Australia
| | - Stephanie Gaskell
- Department of Nutrition Dietetics & Food, Monash University, Notting Hill, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Alice Mika
- Department of Nutrition Dietetics & Food, Monash University, Notting Hill, Victoria, Australia
| | - Christopher Rauch
- Department of Nutrition Dietetics & Food, Monash University, Notting Hill, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ricardo J S Costa
- Department of Nutrition Dietetics & Food, Monash University, Notting Hill, Victoria, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Wang J, Li X, Wang X, Zhang C, Hao Y, Jin LH. The zinc finger protein CG12744 regulates intestinal stem cells in aged Drosophila through the EGFR and BMP pathways. Life Sci 2024; 340:122485. [PMID: 38311220 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
AIM Aging is a process characterized by a time-dependent decline in the functionality of adult stem cells and is closely associated with age-related diseases. However, understanding how aging promotes disease and its underlying causes is critical for combating aging. MAIN METHODS The offspring of UAS-Gal4 and CG12744RNAiDrosophila were cultured for 33 days to evaluate the role of CG12744 in the aging intestine. Immunofluorescence was performed to detect specific cell type markers for assessing proliferation and differentiation. qRT-PCR was used to observe the changes in signaling regulating intestinal homeostasis in the aging intestine after CG12744 knockdown. 16S rRNA-seq analysis was also conducted to elucidate the role of gut microbes in CG12744-mediated intestinal dysfunction. KEY FINDINGS The mRNA levels of CG12744 were significantly increased in the aged midguts. Knockdown of CG12744 in progenitor cells further exacerbates the age-related intestinal hyperplasia and dysfunction. In particular, upon depletion of CG12744 in progenitors, enteroblasts (EBs) exhibited an increased propensity to differentiate along the enteroendocrine cell (EE) lineage. In contrast, the overexpression of CG12744 in progenitor cells restrained age-related gut hyperplasia in Drosophila. Moreover, CG12744 prevented age-related intestinal stem cell (ISC) overproliferation and differentiation by modulating the EGFR, JNK, and BMP pathways. In addition, the inhibition of CG12744 resulted in a significant increase in the gut microbial composition in aging flies. SIGNIFICANCE This study established a role for the CG12744 in regulating the proliferation and differentiation of adult stem cells, thereby identifying a potential therapeutic target for diseases caused by age-related dysfunction stem cell dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiewei Wang
- Department of Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, No.26 Hexing Road Xiangfang District, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Xianhao Li
- Department of Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, No.26 Hexing Road Xiangfang District, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Xiaoran Wang
- Department of Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, No.26 Hexing Road Xiangfang District, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Chengcheng Zhang
- Department of Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, No.26 Hexing Road Xiangfang District, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Yangguang Hao
- Department of Basic Medical, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang 110034, China
| | - Li Hua Jin
- Department of Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, No.26 Hexing Road Xiangfang District, Harbin 150040, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Khan R, Di Gesù CM, Lee J, McCullough LD. The contribution of age-related changes in the gut-brain axis to neurological disorders. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2302801. [PMID: 38237031 PMCID: PMC10798364 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2302801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Trillions of microbes live symbiotically in the host, specifically in mucosal tissues such as the gut. Recent advances in metagenomics and metabolomics have revealed that the gut microbiota plays a critical role in the regulation of host immunity and metabolism, communicating through bidirectional interactions in the microbiota-gut-brain axis (MGBA). The gut microbiota regulates both gut and systemic immunity and contributes to the neurodevelopment and behaviors of the host. With aging, the composition of the microbiota changes, and emerging studies have linked these shifts in microbial populations to age-related neurological diseases (NDs). Preclinical studies have demonstrated that gut microbiota-targeted therapies can improve behavioral outcomes in the host by modulating microbial, metabolomic, and immunological profiles. In this review, we discuss the pathways of brain-to-gut or gut-to-brain signaling and summarize the role of gut microbiota and microbial metabolites across the lifespan and in disease. We highlight recent studies investigating 1) microbial changes with aging; 2) how aging of the maternal microbiome can affect offspring health; and 3) the contribution of the microbiome to both chronic age-related diseases (e.g., Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease and cerebral amyloidosis), and acute brain injury, including ischemic stroke and traumatic brain injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Romeesa Khan
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Claudia M. Di Gesù
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Juneyoung Lee
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Louise D. McCullough
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Bendinelli P, De Noni I, Cattaneo S, Silvetti T, Brasca M, Piazzalunga F, Donetti E, Ferraretto A. Surface layer proteins from Lactobacillus helveticus ATCC® 15009™ affect the gut barrier morphology and function. Tissue Barriers 2023:2289838. [PMID: 38059583 DOI: 10.1080/21688370.2023.2289838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Paraprobiotics and postbiotics represent a valid alternative to probiotic strains for ameliorating and preserving a healthy intestinal epithelial barrier (IEB). The present study investigated the effects of surface layer proteins (S-layer) of the dairy strain Lactobacillus helveticus ATCC® 15009™ (Lb ATCC® 15009™), as paraprobiotic, on the morpho-functional modulation of IEB in comparison to live or heat-inactivated Lb ATCC® 15009™ in an in vitro co-culture of Caco-2/HT-29 70/30 cells. Live or heat-inactivated Lb ATCC® 15009™ negatively affected transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) and paracellular permeability, and impaired the distribution of Claudin-1, a tight junction (TJ) transmembrane protein, as detected by immunofluorescence (IF). Conversely, the addition of the S-layer improved TEER and decreased permeability in physiological conditions in co-cultures with basal TEER lower than 50 ohmcm2, indicative of a more permeable physiological IEB known as leaky gut. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and IF analyses suggested that the S-layer induces a structural TJ rearrangement and desmosomes' formation. S-layer also restored TEER and permeability in the presence of LPS, but not of a mixture of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α plus IFN-γ). IF analyses showed an increase in Claudin-1 staining when LPS and S-layer were co-administered with respect to LPS alone; in addition, the S-layer counteracted the reduction of alkaline phosphatase detoxification activity and the enhancement of pro-inflammatory interleukin-8 release both induced by LPS. Altogether, these data corroborate a paraprobiotic role of S-layer from Lb ATCC® 15009™ as a possible candidate for therapeutic and prophylactic uses in conditions related to gastrointestinal health and correlated with extra-intestinal disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paola Bendinelli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Ivano De Noni
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Cattaneo
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Tiziana Silvetti
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council (CNR-ISPA), Milan, Italy
| | - Milena Brasca
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council (CNR-ISPA), Milan, Italy
| | | | - Elena Donetti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Anita Ferraretto
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, IRCCS Istituto Galeazzi-Sant'Ambrogio, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Liu R, Sun B. Lactic Acid Bacteria and Aging: Unraveling the Interplay for Healthy Longevity. Aging Dis 2023:AD.2023.0926. [PMID: 37962461 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2023.0926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) are beneficial microorganisms widely utilized in food fermentation processes and as probiotic supplements. They offer multifarious health benefits, including enhancing digestion, strengthening immune mechanisms, and mitigating inflammation. Recent studies suggest that LAB might be instrumental in the anti-aging domain, modulating key molecular pathways involved in the aging continuum, such as IL-13, TNF-α, mTOR, IFN-γ, TGF-β, AMPK, and GABA. The TLR family, particularly TLR2, appears pivotal during the primary cellular interactions with bacteria and their byproducts. Concurrently, the Sirtuin family, predominantly Sirtuin-1, plays diverse roles upon cellular stimuli by bacterial components. The potential anti-aging benefits postulated include restoring gut balance, enhancing antioxidant potential, and fortifying cognitive and mental faculties. However, the current body of evidence is still embryonic and calls for expansive human trials and deeper mechanistic analyses. The safety and optimal consumption metrics for LAB also warrant rigorous evaluation. Future research trajectories should identify specific LAB strains with potent anti-aging properties and unravel the underlying biological pathways. Given the promising implications, LAB strains stand as potential dietary contenders to foster healthy aging and enrich the quality of life among the elderly population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Liu
- School of Food Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong 264025, China
| | - Bo Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zou Y, Yan H, Li C, Wen F, Jize X, Zhang C, Liu S, Zhao Y, Fu Y, Li L, Liu F, Chen J, Li R, Chen X, Tian M. A Pectic Polysaccharide from Codonopsis pilosula Alleviates Inflammatory Response and Oxidative Stress of Aging Mice via Modulating Intestinal Microbiota-Related Gut-Liver Axis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1781. [PMID: 37760084 PMCID: PMC10525188 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12091781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is a biological process that leads to the progressive deterioration and loss of physiological functions in the human body and results in an increase in morbidity and mortality, and aging-related disease is a major global problem that poses a serious threat to public health. Polysaccharides have been shown to delay aging by reducing oxidative damage, suppressing inflammatory responses, and modulating intestinal microbiota. Our previous studies have shown that polysaccharide CPP-1 extracted from the root of Codonopsis pilosula possesses noticeable anti-oxidant activity in vitro. Thus, in our study, we tested the anti-aging effect of CPP-1 in naturally aging mice (in vivo). Eighteen C57/BL mice (48-week-old, male) were divided into a control group, high-dose CPP-1 group (20 mg/mL), and low-dose CPP-1 group (10 mg/mL). We discovered that CPP-1 can exert a reparative effect on aging stress in the intestine and liver, including alleviating inflammation and oxidative damage. We revealed that CPP-1 supplementation improved the intestinal microbiota composition and repaired the intestinal barrier in the gut. Furthermore, CPP-1 was proved to modulate lipid metabolism and repair hepatocyte injury in the liver by influencing the enterohepatic axis associated with the intestinal microbiota. Therefore, we concluded that CPP-1 prevents and alleviates oxidative stress and inflammatory responses in the intestine and liver of aging mice by modulating the intestinal microbiota-related gut-liver axis to delay aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanfeng Zou
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China (L.L.)
| | - Hong Yan
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China (L.L.)
| | - Cenyu Li
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China (L.L.)
| | - Fang Wen
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China (L.L.)
| | - Xiaoping Jize
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China (L.L.)
| | - Chaowen Zhang
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China (L.L.)
| | - Siqi Liu
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China (L.L.)
| | - Yuzhe Zhao
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China (L.L.)
| | - Yuping Fu
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China (L.L.)
| | - Lixia Li
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China (L.L.)
| | - Fan Liu
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (F.L.)
| | - Ji Chen
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (F.L.)
| | - Rui Li
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (F.L.)
| | - Xingfu Chen
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (F.L.)
| | - Mengliang Tian
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (F.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Ma L, Jiang X, Huang Q, Chen W, Zhang H, Pei H, Cao Y, Wang H, Li H. Traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease: A focus on the microbiota-gut-brain axis. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115244. [PMID: 37516021 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most frequent cause of dementia, is a neurodegenerative disorder characterised by a progressive decline in cognitive function that is associated with the formation of amyloid beta plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. Gut microbiota comprises of a complex community of microorganisms residing in the gastrointestinal ecosystem. These microorganisms can participate in gut-brain axis activities, thereby affecting cognitive function and associated behaviours. Increasing evidence has indicated that gut dysbiosis can jeopardise host immune responses and promote inflammation, which may be an initiating factor for the onset and evolution of AD. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is a promising resource which encompasses immense chemical diversity and multiple-target characteristics for the treatment of AD. Many TCMs regulate the gut microbiota during treatment of diseases, indicating that gut microbiota may be an important target for TCM efficacy. In this review, we summarised the role of the microbiota-gut-brain axis in the development of AD and the effects of TCM in treating AD by regulating the gut microbiota. We anticipate that this review will provide novel perspectives and strategies for future AD research and treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lina Ma
- Institute of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, PR China
| | - Xuefan Jiang
- Institute of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, PR China
| | - Qiaoyi Huang
- Institute of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, PR China
| | - Wenxuan Chen
- Institute of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, PR China
| | - Huiqin Zhang
- Institute of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, PR China
| | - Hui Pei
- Institute of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, PR China
| | - Yu Cao
- Institute of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, PR China
| | - Huichan Wang
- Institute of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, PR China
| | - Hao Li
- Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100102, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Meng G, Monaghan TM, Duggal NA, Tighe P, Peerani F. Microbial-Immune Crosstalk in Elderly-Onset Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Unchartered Territory. J Crohns Colitis 2023; 17:1309-1325. [PMID: 36806917 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjad025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
Elderly-onset inflammatory bowel disease [IBD] patients exhibit a distinct natural history compared to younger IBD patients, with unique disease phenotypes, differential responses to therapy, and increased surgical morbidity and mortality. Despite the foreseeable high demand for personalized medicine and specialized IBD care in the elderly, current paradigms of IBD management fail to capture the required nuances of care for elderly-onset IBD patients. Our review postulates the roles of systemic and mucosal immunosenescence, inflammageing and a dysbiotic microbial ecosystem in the pathophysiology of elderly-onset IBD. Ultimately, a better understanding of elderly-onset IBD can lead to improved patient outcomes and the tailoring of future preventative and treatment strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guanmin Meng
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Tanya M Monaghan
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and the University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Niharika A Duggal
- MRC-Arthritis Research UK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Paddy Tighe
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Farhad Peerani
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Li J, Li D, Chen Y, Chen W, Xu J, Gao L. Gut Microbiota and Aging: Traditional Chinese Medicine and Modern Medicine. Clin Interv Aging 2023; 18:963-986. [PMID: 37351381 PMCID: PMC10284159 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s414714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The changing composition of gut microbiota, much like aging, accompanies people throughout their lives, and the inextricable relationship between both has recently attracted extensive attention as well. Modern medical research has revealed that a series of changes in gut microbiota are involved in the aging process of organisms, which may be because gut microbiota modulates aging-related changes related to innate immunity and cognitive function. At present, there is no definite and effective method to delay aging. However, Nobel laureate Tu Youyou's research on artemisinin has inspired researchers to study the importance of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). TCM, as an ancient alternative medicine, has unique advantages in preventive health care and in treating diseases as it already has formed an independent understanding of the aging system. TCM practitioners believe that the mechanism of aging is mainly deficiency, and pathological states such as blood stasis, qi stagnation and phlegm coagulation can exacerbate the process of aging, which involves a series of organs, including the brain, kidney, heart, liver and spleen. Our current understanding of aging has led us to realise that TCM can indeed make some beneficial changes, such as the improvement of cognitive impairment. However, due to the multi-component and multi-target nature of TCM, the exploration of its mechanism of action has become extremely complex. While analysing the relationship between gut microbiota and aging, this review explores the similarities and differences in treatment methods and mechanisms between TCM and Modern Medicine, in order to explore a new approach that combines TCM and Modern Medicine to regulate gut microbiota, improve immunity and delay aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinfan Li
- Department of First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, 250000, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose & Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education, Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dong Li
- Department of Diabetes, Licheng District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yajie Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation and Health Care, Jinan Vocational College of Nursing, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenbin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose & Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education, Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, People’s Republic of China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, People’s Republic of China
- Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose & Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education, Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, People’s Republic of China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, People’s Republic of China
- Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ling Gao
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose & Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education, Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, People’s Republic of China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, People’s Republic of China
- Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Butranova OI, Ushkalova EA, Zyryanov SK, Chenkurov MS, Baybulatova EA. Pharmacokinetics of Antibacterial Agents in the Elderly: The Body of Evidence. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1633. [PMID: 37371728 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11061633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Infections are important factors contributing to the morbidity and mortality among elderly patients. High rates of consumption of antimicrobial agents by the elderly may result in increased risk of toxic reactions, deteriorating functions of various organs and systems and leading to the prolongation of hospital stay, admission to the intensive care unit, disability, and lethal outcome. Both safety and efficacy of antibiotics are determined by the values of their plasma concentrations, widely affected by physiologic and pathologic age-related changes specific for the elderly population. Drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion are altered in different extents depending on functional and morphological changes in the cardiovascular system, gastrointestinal tract, liver, and kidneys. Water and fat content, skeletal muscle mass, nutritional status, use of concomitant drugs are other determinants of pharmacokinetics changes observed in the elderly. The choice of a proper dosing regimen is essential to provide effective and safe antibiotic therapy in terms of attainment of certain pharmacodynamic targets. The objective of this review is to perform a structure of evidence on the age-related changes contributing to the alteration of pharmacokinetic parameters in the elderly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olga I Butranova
- Department of General and Clinical Pharmacology, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya St., 117198 Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena A Ushkalova
- Department of General and Clinical Pharmacology, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya St., 117198 Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey K Zyryanov
- Department of General and Clinical Pharmacology, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya St., 117198 Moscow, Russia
- State Budgetary Institution of Healthcare of the City of Moscow "City Clinical Hospital No. 24 of the Moscow City Health Department", Pistzovaya Srt. 10, 127015 Moscow, Russia
| | - Mikhail S Chenkurov
- Department of General and Clinical Pharmacology, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya St., 117198 Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena A Baybulatova
- Department of General and Clinical Pharmacology, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya St., 117198 Moscow, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Grifoni A, Alonzi T, Alter G, Noonan DM, Landay AL, Albini A, Goletti D. Impact of aging on immunity in the context of COVID-19, HIV, and tuberculosis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1146704. [PMID: 37292210 PMCID: PMC10246744 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1146704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Knowledge of aging biology needs to be expanded due to the continuously growing number of elderly people worldwide. Aging induces changes that affect all systems of the body. The risk of cardiovascular disease and cancer increases with age. In particular, the age-induced adaptation of the immune system causes a greater susceptibility to infections and contributes to the inability to control pathogen growth and immune-mediated tissue damage. Since the impact of aging on immune function, is still to be fully elucidated, this review addresses some of the recent understanding of age-related changes affecting key components of immunity. The emphasis is on immunosenescence and inflammaging that are impacted by common infectious diseases that are characterized by a high mortality, and includes COVID-19, HIV and tuberculosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alba Grifoni
- Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Tonino Alonzi
- Translational Research Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases “Lazzaro Spallanzani”-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Galit Alter
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH), Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Douglas McClain Noonan
- Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) MultiMedica, Milan, Italy
- Immunology and General Pathology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Alan L. Landay
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rush Medical College, Chicago, IL, United States
| | | | - Delia Goletti
- Translational Research Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases “Lazzaro Spallanzani”-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Breznik JA, Jury J, Verdú EF, Sloboda DM, Bowdish DME. Diet-induced obesity alters intestinal monocyte-derived and tissue-resident macrophages and increases intestinal permeability in female mice independent of tumor necrosis factor. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2023; 324:G305-G321. [PMID: 36749921 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00231.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages are essential for homeostatic maintenance of the anti-inflammatory and tolerogenic intestinal environment, yet monocyte-derived macrophages can promote local inflammation. Proinflammatory macrophage accumulation within the intestines may contribute to the development of systemic chronic inflammation and immunometabolic dysfunction in obesity. Using a model of high-fat diet-induced obesity in C57BL/6J female mice, we assessed intestinal paracellular permeability by in vivo and ex vivo assays and quantitated intestinal macrophages in ileum and colon tissues by multicolor flow cytometry after short (6 wk), intermediate (12 wk), and prolonged (18 wk) diet allocation. We characterized monocyte-derived CD4-TIM4- and CD4+TIM4- macrophages, as well as tissue-resident CD4+TIM4+ macrophages. Diet-induced obesity had tissue- and time-dependent effects on intestinal permeability, as well as monocyte and macrophage numbers, surface marker phenotype, and intracellular production of the cytokines IL-10 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF). We found that obese mice had increased paracellular permeability, in particular within the ileum, but this did not elicit recruitment of monocytes nor a local proinflammatory response by monocyte-derived or tissue-resident macrophages in either the ileum or colon. Proliferation of monocyte-derived and tissue-resident macrophages was also unchanged. Wild-type and TNF-/- littermate mice had similar intestinal permeability and macrophage population characteristics in response to diet-induced obesity. These data are unique from reported effects of diet-induced obesity on macrophages in metabolic tissues, as well as outcomes of acute inflammation within the intestines. These experiments also collectively indicate that TNF does not mediate effects of diet-induced obesity on paracellular permeability or intestinal monocyte-derived and tissue-resident intestinal macrophages in young female mice.NEW & NOTEWORTHY We found that diet-induced obesity in female mice has tissue- and time-dependent effects on intestinal paracellular permeability as well as monocyte-derived and tissue-resident macrophage numbers, surface marker phenotype, and intracellular production of the cytokines IL-10 and TNF. These changes were not mediated by TNF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica A Breznik
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jennifer Jury
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Elena F Verdú
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Deborah M Sloboda
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dawn M E Bowdish
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Tun X, Wang EJ, Gao Z, Lundberg K, Xu R, Hu D. Integrin β3-Mediated Cell Senescence Associates with Gut Inflammation and Intestinal Degeneration in Models of Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:5697. [PMID: 36982771 PMCID: PMC10052535 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by memory loss and personality changes that ultimately lead to dementia. Currently, 50 million people worldwide suffer from dementia related to AD, and the pathogenesis underlying AD pathology and cognitive decline is unknown. While AD is primarily a neurological disease of the brain, individuals with AD often experience intestinal disorders, and gut abnormalities have been implicated as a major risk factor in the development of AD and relevant dementia. However, the mechanisms that mediate gut injury and contribute to the vicious cycle between gut abnormalities and brain injury in AD remain unknown. In the present study, a bioinformatics analysis was performed on the proteomics data of variously aged AD mouse colon tissues. We found that levels of integrin β3 and β-galactosidase (β-gal), two markers of cellular senescence, increased with age in the colonic tissue of mice with AD. The advanced artificial intelligence (AI)-based prediction of AD risk also demonstrated the association between integrin β3 and β-gal and AD phenotypes. Moreover, we showed that elevated integrin β3 levels were accompanied by senescence phenotypes and immune cell accumulation in AD mouse colonic tissue. Further, integrin β3 genetic downregulation abolished upregulated senescence markers and inflammatory responses in colonic epithelial cells in conditions associated with AD. We provide a new understanding of the molecular actions underpinning inflammatory responses during AD and suggest integrin β3 may function as novel target mediating gut abnormalities in this disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Tun
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Evan J. Wang
- Center for Artificial Intelligence in Drug Discovery, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Beachwood High School, Beachwood, OH 44122, USA
| | - Zhenxiang Gao
- Center for Artificial Intelligence in Drug Discovery, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Kathleen Lundberg
- Proteomics Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Rong Xu
- Center for Artificial Intelligence in Drug Discovery, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Di Hu
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Cheung MK, Tong SLY, Wong MCS, Chan JYK, Ip M, Hui M, Lai CKC, Ng RWY, Ho WCS, Yeung ACM, Chan PKS, Chen Z. Extent of Oral-Gut Transmission of Bacterial and Fungal Microbiota in Healthy Chinese Adults. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0281422. [PMID: 36625652 PMCID: PMC9927295 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02814-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have provided evidence on the presence of an oral-gut microbiota axis in gastrointestinal diseases; however, whether a similar axis exists in healthy individuals is still in debate. Here, we characterized the bacterial and fungal microbiomes in paired oral rinse and stool samples collected from 470 healthy Chinese adults by sequencing the 16S rRNA V3-V4 and ITS1 regions, respectively. We hypothesized that there is limited oral-gut transmission of both the bacterial and fungal microbiota in healthy Chinese adults. Our results showed that the oral and gut microbiota in healthy individuals differed in taxonomic composition, alpha and beta diversity, metabolic potential, and network properties. Bayesian analysis showed that the vast majority of subjects had negligible or low bacterial and fungal oral-to-stool contribution. Detailed examination of the prevalent amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) also revealed limited cases of sharing between the oral and stool samples within the same individuals, except a few bacterial and fungal ASVs. Association analysis showed that sharing of the potentially transmissible fungal ASVs was associated with host factors, including an older age and a higher body mass index. Our findings indicate that oral-gut transmission of both bacterial and fungal microbiota in healthy adults is limited. Detection of a large amount of shared bacterial or fungal members between the oral and gut microbiome of an individual may indicate medical conditions that warrant detailed checkup. IMPORTANCE The oral-gut microbiota axis in health is a fundamentally important and clinically relevant topic; however, our current understanding of it remains biased and incomplete. By characterizing the bacterial and fungal microbiomes in paired oral rinse and stool samples from a large cohort of healthy Chinese adults, here we provided new evidence that oral-gut microbiota transmission is limited in non-Western population and across biological domains. Our study has established an important baseline of a healthy oral-gut microbiota axis, with which other disease conditions can be compared. Besides, our findings have practical implications that detection of a large amount of shared bacterial or fungal members between the oral cavity and gut within the same individual as an indicator of potential medical conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Man Kit Cheung
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sylvia L. Y. Tong
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People’s Republic of China
| | - Martin C. S. Wong
- Centre for Gut Microbiota Research, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People’s Republic of China
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jason Y. K. Chan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People’s Republic of China
| | - Margaret Ip
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mamie Hui
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People’s Republic of China
- Centre for Gut Microbiota Research, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People’s Republic of China
| | - Christopher K. C. Lai
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rita W. Y. Ng
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wendy C. S. Ho
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People’s Republic of China
| | - Apple C. M. Yeung
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People’s Republic of China
| | - Paul K. S. Chan
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People’s Republic of China
- Centre for Gut Microbiota Research, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People’s Republic of China
- Stanley Ho Centre for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zigui Chen
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People’s Republic of China
- Centre for Gut Microbiota Research, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Miró L, Rosell-Cardona C, Amat C, Polo J, Moretó M, Pérez-Bosque A. Dietary supplementation with spray-dried animal plasma improves vaccine protection in aged mice. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1050961. [PMID: 37032769 PMCID: PMC10080719 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1050961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Senescence is characterized by an aggravated inflammatory state that reduces vaccine responsiveness. Dietary supplementation with spray-dried porcine plasma (SDP) exerts anti-inflammatory effects in different mucosal areas. We aimed to determine if the anti-inflammatory properties of SDP improve the efficiency of immunization in senescent animals. Methods Experiments were performed in 2-month-old and 6-month-old male SAMP8 mice fed control or SDP (8%) feeds for 4 months. The mice received nasal doses of 2.5 μg of Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin B (SEB) or vehicle every 15 days (i.e., 3 times). Fifteen days after the last dose, a lethal shock was induced by intraperitoneal administration of SEB and LPS. Results Immunization increased anti-SEB IgA in intestinal and bronchoalveolar fluid (p < 0.05). After the lethal shock, all immunized aged mice that were supplemented with SDP survived, in contrast to only 66% of those fed the control feed (p < 0.05). Moreover, after the lethal challenge, aged mice showed higher expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (Il-6, Tnf-α, Ifn-γ, and Il-1β) in jejunal and (Tnf-α, and Il-1β) in lung tissues (p < 0.05), which were reduced by SDP supplementation (p < 0.05). Furthermore, in senescent mice, SDP supplementation augmented Il-4 and Il-10 expression in both tissues (p < 0.05). Conclusion SDP reduces the mucosal inflammation associated with aging, improving vaccine protection in senescent mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lluïsa Miró
- Departament de Bioquímica i Fisiologia, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació and Institut de Recerca en Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària (INSA-UB), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Rosell-Cardona
- Departament de Bioquímica i Fisiologia, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació and Institut de Recerca en Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària (INSA-UB), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Concepció Amat
- Departament de Bioquímica i Fisiologia, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació and Institut de Recerca en Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària (INSA-UB), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Miquel Moretó
- Departament de Bioquímica i Fisiologia, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació and Institut de Recerca en Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària (INSA-UB), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Pérez-Bosque
- Departament de Bioquímica i Fisiologia, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació and Institut de Recerca en Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària (INSA-UB), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
- *Correspondence: Anna Pérez-Bosque,
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Sun X, Yu J, Wang Y, Luo J, Zhang G, Peng X. Flaxseed oil ameliorates aging in d-galactose induced rats via altering gut microbiota and mitigating oxidative damage. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2022; 102:6432-6442. [PMID: 35567370 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aging causes decreased antioxidant capacity and chronic inflammation and may even elevate cancer risks. Previous studies reported that flaxseed oil (FO) can alleviate age-related diseases, including improving alcoholic liver disease, atherosclerosis and diabetes. However, whether the intestinal microbiota accountable for this alleviation is still unknown. This study aims to study the antioxidant effects of FO in an aging rat model and the underlying mechanism between the intestinal microbiota and aging. RESULTS Our results presented that serum and liver antioxidant capacities in FO group were up-regulated, and liver inflammation in FO group was reduced. The 16S rDNA sequencing showed that FO regulated the microbial community, including up-regulation of four families of Lactobacillus and six families of Clostridium. In addition, FO had also adjusted the relative abundance of several genera such as Ruminococcaceae_UCG-005 and Prevotella_9, which may be the key bacteria associated with the aging process. Colonic transcriptome analysis showed that there were 1679 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the Model group and the FO group (134 up-regulated and 1545 down-regulated). Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) revealed FO down-regulates the expression of the upstream genes Ptprc, Lck, Zap70, Lat and Lcp2 in the T cell receptor signaling pathway. CONCLUSION In conclusion, FO improved antioxidant capacity and reduced intestinal microbial disturbances caused by aging damage, indicating that dietary FO has the potential to fight aging damage. This study provides a more comprehensive view of dietary intervention to improve aging. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Sun
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Juntong Yu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianming Luo
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Guangwen Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xichun Peng
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Hohman LS, Osborne LC. A gut-centric view of aging: Do intestinal epithelial cells contribute to age-associated microbiota changes, inflammaging, and immunosenescence? Aging Cell 2022; 21:e13700. [PMID: 36000805 PMCID: PMC9470900 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) serve as both a physical and an antimicrobial barrier against the microbiota, as well as a conduit for signaling between the microbiota and systemic host immunity. As individuals age, the balance between these systems undergoes a myriad of changes due to age-associated changes to the microbiota, IECs themselves, immunosenescence, and inflammaging. In this review, we discuss emerging data related to age-associated loss of intestinal barrier integrity and posit that IEC dysfunction may play a central role in propagating age-associated alterations in microbiota composition and immune homeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leah S. Hohman
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Life Sciences InstituteUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Lisa C. Osborne
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Life Sciences InstituteUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Li K, Liu J, Qin X. Research progress of gut microbiota in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Clin Lab Anal 2022; 36:e24512. [PMID: 35719048 PMCID: PMC9279976 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the sixth most common cancer and the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death in the world. A number of challenges remain for the early detection and effective treatment of HCC. In recent years, microbiota have been proven to be associated with the development of HCC. Many studies have explored the pathogenesis, diagnostic marker, and therapeutic target potential of microbiota in hepatocellular carcinoma. Therefore, we aimed to introduce the research methods and achievements of gut microbiota in hepatocellular carcinoma and discuss the value of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. METHODS Keywords are used to search relevant articles which were mainly published from 2010 to 2021, and we further selected targeted articles and read the full text. RESULTS Gut microbiota involved in promoting the formation and development of hepatocellular carcinoma, and differential gut microbiota and microbial metabolites have the potential to be the biomarkers of hepatocellular carcinoma. Purposefully regulated gut microbiota can improve the prognosis of patients, which is expected to be used in hepatocellular carcinoma. CONCLUSION The study of gut microbiota in hepatocellular carcinoma is definitely worthy of study. In-depth and elaborate research design is crucial for the study of the mechanism of gut microbiota involved in hepatocellular carcinoma, which can provide new directions and targets for the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keliu Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Liaoning Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Shenyang, China
| | - Jianhua Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Liaoning Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaosong Qin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Liaoning Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Shenyang, China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
The Neuroprotective Effects of Spray-Dried Porcine Plasma Supplementation Involve the Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14112211. [PMID: 35684013 PMCID: PMC9183112 DOI: 10.3390/nu14112211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Dietary supplementation with spray-dried porcine plasma (SDP) reduces the Alzheimer’s disease (AD) hallmarks in SAMP8 mice. Since gut microbiota can play a critical role in the AD progression, we have studied if the neuroprotective effects of SDP involve the microbiota−gut−brain axis. Experiments were performed on two-month-old SAMP8 mice fed a standard diet and on six-month-old SAMP8 mice fed a control diet or an 8% SDP supplemented diet for four months. Senescence impaired short- and long-term memory, reduced cortical brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) abundance, increased interleukin (Il)-1β, Il-6, and Toll-like receptor 2 (Tlr2) expression, and reduced transforming growth factor β (Tgf-β) expression and IL-10 concentration (all p < 0.05) and these effects were mitigated by SDP (all p < 0.05). Aging also increased pro-inflammatory cytokines in serum and colon (all p < 0.05). SDP attenuated both colonic and systemic inflammation in aged mice (all p < 0.05). SDP induced the proliferation of health-promoting bacteria, such as Lactobacillus and Pediococcus, while reducing the abundance of inflammation-associated bacteria, such as Johnsonella and Erysipelothrix (both q < 0.1). In conclusion, SDP has mucosal and systemic anti-inflammatory effects as well as neuroprotective properties in senescent mice; these effects are well correlated with SDP promotion of the abundance of probiotic species, which indicates that the gut−brain axis could be involved in the peripheral effects of SDP supplementation.
Collapse
|
28
|
Wu H, Wang Y, Li H, Meng L, Zheng N, Wang J. Protective Effect of Alkaline Phosphatase Supplementation on Infant Health. Foods 2022; 11:foods11091212. [PMID: 35563935 PMCID: PMC9101100 DOI: 10.3390/foods11091212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is abundant in raw milk. Because of its high heat resistance, ALP negative is used as an indicator of successful sterilization. However, pasteurized milk loses its immune protection against allergy. Clinically, ALP is also used as an indicator of organ diseases. When the activity of ALP in blood increases, it is considered that diseases occur in viscera and organs. Oral administration or injecting ALP will not cause harm to the body and has a variety of probiotic effects. For infants with low immunity, ALP intake is a good prebiotic for protecting the infant’s intestine from potential pathogenic bacteria. In addition, ALP has a variety of probiotic effects for any age group, including prevention and treatment intestinal diseases, allergies, hepatitis, acute kidney injury (AKI), diabetes, and even the prevention of aging. The prebiotic effects of alkaline phosphatase on the health of infants and consumers and the content of ALP in different mammalian raw milk are summarized. The review calls on consumers and manufacturers to pay more attention to ALP, especially for infants with incomplete immune development. ALP supplementation is conducive to the healthy growth of infants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haoming Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (H.W.); (H.L.); (L.M.); (J.W.)
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua University-Peking University Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;
| | - Huiying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (H.W.); (H.L.); (L.M.); (J.W.)
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Lu Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (H.W.); (H.L.); (L.M.); (J.W.)
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Nan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (H.W.); (H.L.); (L.M.); (J.W.)
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-10-62816069
| | - Jiaqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (H.W.); (H.L.); (L.M.); (J.W.)
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Garg V, Chandanala S, David-Luther M, Govind M, Prasad RR, Kumar A, Prasanna SJ. The Yin and Yang of Immunity in Stem Cell Decision Guidance in Tissue Ecologies: An Infection Independent Perspective. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:793694. [PMID: 35198558 PMCID: PMC8858808 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.793694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The impact of immune system and inflammation on organ homeostasis and tissue stem cell niches in the absence of pathogen invasion has long remained a conundrum in the field of regenerative medicine. The paradoxical role of immune components in promoting tissue injury as well as resolving tissue damage has complicated therapeutic targeting of inflammation as a means to attain tissue homeostasis in degenerative disease contexts. This confound could be resolved by an integrated intricate assessment of cross-talk between inflammatory components and micro- and macro-environmental factors existing in tissues during health and disease. Prudent fate choice decisions of stem cells and their differentiated progeny are key to maintain tissue integrity and function. Stem cells have to exercise this fate choice in consultation with other tissue components. With this respect tissue immune components, danger/damage sensing molecules driving sterile inflammatory signaling cascades and barrier cells having immune-surveillance functions play pivotal roles in supervising stem cell decisions in their niches. Stem cells learn from their previous damage encounters, either endogenous or exogenous, or adapt to persistent micro-environmental changes to orchestrate their decisions. Thus understanding the communication networks between stem cells and immune system components is essential to comprehend stem cell decisions in endogenous tissue niches. Further the systemic interactions between tissue niches integrated through immune networks serve as patrolling systems to establish communication links and orchestrate micro-immune ecologies to better organismal response to injury and promote regeneration. Understanding these communication links is key to devise immune-centric regenerative therapies. Thus the present review is an integrated attempt to provide a unified purview of how inflammation and immune cells provide guidance to stem cells for tissue sculpting during development, organismal aging and tissue crisis based on the current knowledge in the field.
Collapse
|
30
|
Najarro KM, Boe DM, Walrath TM, Mullen JE, Paul MT, Frankel JH, Hulsebus HJ, Idrovo JP, McMahan RH, Kovacs EJ. Advanced age exacerbates intestinal epithelial permeability after burn injury in mice. Exp Gerontol 2022; 158:111654. [PMID: 34915110 PMCID: PMC9188353 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2021.111654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Advanced age is an independent risk factor for morbidity and mortality after burn injury. Following burn, the intestines can become permeable leading to the leakage of bacteria and their products from the lumen of the ileum to the portal and systemic circulation. Here, we sought to determine the effects of advanced age on intestinal permeability post burn injury and assess intestinal inflammatory biomarkers. METHODS Young (4-5 months) and aged (18-22 months) female BALB/cBy mice were subjected to a 12-15% total body surface area (TBSA) sham or burn injury. 24 h after injury, mice were euthanized, and organs collected. Colony-forming units (CFU) were counted from plated mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN). Gene expression of ileal tight junctional proteins, occludin and zonula occludens 1 (ZO-1), in addition to ileal damage associated molecular pattern (DAMP) proteins, S100A8 and S100A9, as well as ileal inflammatory markers IL-6 and TNF-α were measured by qPCR. Intestinal cell death was measured by ELISA. Intestinal permeability was determined by FITC fluorescence in serum; 4kD FITC-dextran was given by oral gavage 3 h before euthanasia. RESULTS Aged mice subjected to burn injury had increased intestinal permeability as evidenced by a 5.8-fold higher level of FITC-dextran in their serum when compared to all other groups (p < 0.05). In addition, aged burn-injured mice exhibited heightened bacterial accumulation in the MLN with a 15.5-fold increase over all other groups (p < 0.05). Histology of ileum failed to show differences in villus length among all groups. Analysis of ileal tight junctional proteins and inflammatory marker gene expression revealed no difference in Ocln, Tjp1, Il6, or Tnf expression among all groups, but 2.3 and 2.9-fold upregulation of S100a8 and S100a9, respectively, in aged burn-injured mice relative to both young groups and aged sham-injured mice (p < 0.05). Lastly, cell death in the ileum was elevated more than two-fold in aged burn-injured mice relative to young animals regardless of injury (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS These data demonstrate that advanced age exacerbates intestinal epithelial permeability after burn injury. Heightened apoptosis may be responsible for the elevated intestinal leakiness and accumulation of bacteria in mesenteric lymph nodes. In addition, S100a8/9 may serve as a biomarker of elevated inflammation within the intestine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin M. Najarro
- Department of Surgery, Division of GI, Trauma and Endocrine Surgery, and Burn Research Program, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, United States of America
| | - Devin M. Boe
- Department of Surgery, Division of GI, Trauma and Endocrine Surgery, and Burn Research Program, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, United States of America,Immunology Graduate Program, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, United States of America,Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States of America
| | - Travis M. Walrath
- Department of Surgery, Division of GI, Trauma and Endocrine Surgery, and Burn Research Program, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, United States of America
| | - Juliet E. Mullen
- Department of Surgery, Division of GI, Trauma and Endocrine Surgery, and Burn Research Program, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, United States of America
| | - Madison T. Paul
- Department of Surgery, Division of GI, Trauma and Endocrine Surgery, and Burn Research Program, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, United States of America
| | - John H. Frankel
- Department of Surgery, Division of GI, Trauma and Endocrine Surgery, and Burn Research Program, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, United States of America
| | - Holly J. Hulsebus
- Department of Surgery, Division of GI, Trauma and Endocrine Surgery, and Burn Research Program, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, United States of America,Immunology Graduate Program, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, United States of America
| | - Juan-Pablo Idrovo
- Department of Surgery, Division of GI, Trauma and Endocrine Surgery, and Burn Research Program, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, United States of America
| | - Rachel H. McMahan
- Department of Surgery, Division of GI, Trauma and Endocrine Surgery, and Burn Research Program, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, United States of America,GI and Liver Innate Immune Program, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, United States of America
| | - Elizabeth J. Kovacs
- Department of Surgery, Division of GI, Trauma and Endocrine Surgery, and Burn Research Program, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, United States of America,Immunology Graduate Program, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, United States of America,Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States of America,GI and Liver Innate Immune Program, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, United States of America,Corresponding author at: Department of Surgery, GITES, University of Colorado Denver/Anschutz Medical Campus, 12700 East 19th Ave, RC2, Mail Stop #8620, Aurora, CO 80045, United States of America. (E.J. Kovacs)
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Hunt NJ, McCourt PAG, Kuncic Z, Le Couteur DG, Cogger VC. Opportunities and Challenges for Nanotherapeutics for the Aging Population. FRONTIERS IN NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fnano.2022.832524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanotherapeutics utilize the properties of nanomaterials to alter the pharmacology of the drugs and therapies being transported, leading to changes in their biological disposition (absorption, distribution, cellular uptake, metabolism and elimination) and ultimately, their pharmacological effect. This provides an opportunity to optimize the pharmacology of drugs, particularly for those that are dependent on hepatic action. Old age is associated with changes in many pharmacokinetic processes which tend to impair drug efficacy and increase risk of toxicity. While these age-related changes are drug-specific they could be directly addressed using nanotechnology and precision targeting. The benefits of nanotherapeutics needs to be balanced against toxicity, with future use in humans dependent upon the gathering of information about the clearance and long-term safety of nanomaterials.
Collapse
|
32
|
Van Gulick L, Saby C, Jaisson S, Okwieka A, Gillery P, Dervin E, Morjani H, Beljebbar A. An integrated approach to investigate age-related modifications of morphological, mechanical and structural properties of type I collagen. Acta Biomater 2022; 137:64-78. [PMID: 34673231 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The main propose of this study is to characterize the impact of chronological aging on mechanical, structural, biochemical, and morphological properties of type I collagen. We have developed an original approach combining a stress-strain measurement device with a portable Raman spectrometer to enable simultaneous measurement of Raman spectra during stress vs strain responses of young adult, adult and old rat tail tendon fascicles (RTTFs). Our data showed an increase in all mechanical properties such as Young's modulus, yield strength, and ultimate tensile strength with aging. At the molecular level, Raman data revealed that the most relevant frequency shift was observed at 938 cm-1 in Old RTTFs, which is assigned to the C-C. This suggested a long axis deformation of the peptide chains in Old RTTFs during tensile stress. In addition, the intensity of the band at 872 cm-1, corresponding to hydroxyproline decreased for young adult RTTFs and increased for the adult ones, while it remained unchanged for Old RTTFs during tensile stress. The amide III band (1242 and 1265 cm-1) as well as the band ratios I1631/ I1663 and I1645 / I1663 responses to tensile stress were depending on mechanical phases (toe, elastic and plastic). The quantification of advanced glycation end-products by LC-MS/MS and spectrofluorometry showed an increase in their content with aging. This suggested that the accumulation of such products was correlated to the alterations observed in the mechanical and molecular properties of RTTFs. Analysis of the morphological properties of RTTFs by SHG combined with CT-FIRE software revealed an increase in length and straightness of collagen fibers, whereas their width and wavy fraction decreased. Our integrated study model could be useful to provide additional translational information to monitor progression of diseases related to collagen remodeling in musculoskeletal disorders. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Type I collagen is the major component of the extracellular matrix. Its architectural and structural organization plays an important role in the mechanical properties of many tissues at the physiological and pathological levels. The objective of this work is to develop an integrated approach to bring a new insight on the impact of chronological aging on the structural organization and mechanical properties of type I collagen. We combined a portable Raman spectrometer with a mechanical tensile testing device in order to monitor in real time the changes in the Raman fingerprint of type I collagen fibers during the mechanical stress. Raman spectroscopy allowed the identification of the type I collagen bonds that were affected by mechanical stress in a differential manner with aging.
Collapse
|
33
|
Gao Y, Li B, Liu H, Tian Y, Gu C, Du X, Bu R, Gao J, Liu Y, Li G. Cistanche deserticola polysaccharides alleviate cognitive decline in aging model mice by restoring the gut microbiota-brain axis. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:15320-15335. [PMID: 34081627 PMCID: PMC8221331 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Recent evidence suggests alterations in the gut microbiota-brain axis may drive cognitive impairment with aging. In the present study, we observed that prolonged administration of D-galactose to mice induced cognitive decline, gut microbial dysbiosis, peripheral inflammation, and oxidative stress. In this model of age-related cognitive decline, Cistanche deserticola polysaccharides (CDPS) improved cognitive function in D-galactose-treated mice by restoring gut microbial homeostasis, thereby reducing oxidative stress and peripheral inflammation. The beneficial effects of CDPS in these aging model mice were abolished through ablation of gut microbiota with antibiotics or immunosuppression with cyclophosphamide. Serum metabolomic profiling showed that levels of creatinine, valine, L-methionine, o-Toluidine, N-ethylaniline, uric acid and proline were all altered in the aging model mice, but were restored by CDPS. These findings demonstrated that CDPS improves cognitive function in a D-galactose-induced aging model in mice by restoring homeostasis of the gut microbiota-brain axis, which alleviated an amino acid imbalance, peripheral inflammation, and oxidative stress. CDPS thus shows therapeutic potential for patients with memory and learning disorders, especially those related to gut microbial dysbiosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Gao
- Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010110, China
| | - Bing Li
- Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010110, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010110, China
| | - Yajuan Tian
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Encephalopathy, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong 030619, China
| | - Chao Gu
- Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010110, China
| | - Xiaoli Du
- Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010110, China
| | - Ren Bu
- Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010110, China
| | - Jie Gao
- Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010110, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010110, China
| | - Gang Li
- Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010110, China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Gut microbial involvement in Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:13359-13371. [PMID: 33971619 PMCID: PMC8148443 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic, progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by memory loss, inability to carry out everyday daily life, and noticeable behavioral changes. The essential neuropathologic criteria for an AD diagnosis are extracellular β-amyloid deposition and intracellular accumulation of hyperphosphorylated tau. However, the exact pathogenic mechanisms underlying AD remain elusive, and current treatment options show only limited success. New research indicates that the gut microbiota contributes to AD development and progression by accelerating neuroinflammation, promoting senile plaque formation, and modifying neurotransmitter production. This review highlights laboratory and clinical evidence for the pathogenic role of gut dysbiosis on AD and provides potential cues for improved AD diagnostic criteria and therapeutic interventions based on the gut microbiota.
Collapse
|
35
|
Chen LH, Wang MF, Chang CC, Huang SY, Pan CH, Yeh YT, Huang CH, Chan CH, Huang HY. Lacticaseibacillus paracasei PS23 Effectively Modulates Gut Microbiota Composition and Improves Gastrointestinal Function in Aged SAMP8 Mice. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13041116. [PMID: 33805289 PMCID: PMC8067042 DOI: 10.3390/nu13041116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Probiotics are reported to improve gastrointestinal (GI) function via regulating gut microbiota (GM). However, exactly how probiotics influence GM and GI function in elders is poorly characterized. Therefore, in this study, we assessed the effect of the probiotic Lacticaseibacillus paracasei PS23 (LPPS23) on the GM and GI function of aged mice. There were four groups of senescence-accelerated mouse prone-8 (SAMP8) mice (n = 4): a non-treated control group, a saline control group, a low dose LPPS23 group (1 × 108 colony-forming unit (CFU)/mouse/day), and a high dose LPPS23 group (1 × 109 CFU/mouse/day). Non-treated mice were euthanized at 16 weeks old, and others were euthanized at 28 weeks old. The next-generation sequencing results revealed that LPPS23 enriched Lactobacillus and Candidatus_Saccharimonas, while the abundance of Lachnospiraceae_UCG_001 decreased in aged mice given LPPS23. The abundance of Lactobacillus negatively correlated with the abundance of Erysipelotrichaceae. Moreover, LPPS23 improved the GI function of aged mice due to the longer intestine length, lower intestinal permeability, and higher phagocytosis in LPPS23-treated mice. The ELISA results showed that LPPS23 attenuated the alterations of pro-inflammatory factors and immunoglobulins. The abundance of LPPS23-enriched Lactobacillus was positively correlated with healthy GI function, while Lachnospiraceae_UCG_001, which was repressed by LPPS23, was negatively correlated with a healthy GI function in the aged mice according to Spearman’s correlation analysis. Taken together, LPPS23 can effectively modulate GM composition and improve GI function in aged SAMP8 mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Han Chen
- Institute of Fisheries Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan;
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Fu Wang
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Providence University, Taichung 43301, Taiwan;
| | - Chun-Chao Chang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Yi Huang
- Graduate Institute of Metabolism and Obesity Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
| | - Chun-Hsu Pan
- School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
| | - Yao-Tsung Yeh
- Aging and Disease Prevention Research Center, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung 83102, Taiwan; (Y.-T.Y.); (C.-H.H.)
- Biomedical Analysis Center, Fooyin University Hospital, Pingtung 92849, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences and Biotechnology, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung 83102, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hsieh Huang
- Aging and Disease Prevention Research Center, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung 83102, Taiwan; (Y.-T.Y.); (C.-H.H.)
- Program in Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Hung Chan
- Graduate Institute of Bioengineering, Tatung University, Taipei 10452, Taiwan;
| | - Hui-Yu Huang
- Graduate Institute of Metabolism and Obesity Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-6600-2178
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Liu Y, Jiang Q, Liu Z, Shen S, Ai J, Zhu Y, Zhou L. Alteration of Gut Microbiota Relates to Metabolic Disorders in Primary Aldosteronism Patients. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:667951. [PMID: 34484110 PMCID: PMC8415980 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.667951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to determine the relationships among gut microbiota, primary aldosteronism (PA), and related metabolic disorders. METHODS The study enrolled 13 PA patients, 26 sex-matched primary hypertension patients, and 26 sex-matched healthy controls. Demographic and clinical characteristics such as age, body mass index (BMI), blood aldosterone-renin ratio, blood potassium, blood glucose, blood lipid parameters, and history of diabetes mellitus (DM) were compared between the three groups. The gut microbiota of each participant was examined by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Spearman correlation analysis was performed to demonstrate the relationship between gut microbiota and clinical characteristics. RESULTS BMI and the percentage of DM in PA patients were higher than those in healthy controls (p < 0.05), but not higher than those in primary hypertension patients (p > 0.05). The gut microbiota of healthy controls and primary hypertension patients had a higher alpha diversity level than that of PA patients. PA patients had fewer short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing genera (Prevotella, Blautia, Coprococcus, Anaerostipes, and Ruminococcus) and more inflammation-associated genera (Megamonas, Sutterella, and Streptococcus) than healthy controls (p < 0.05). The gut microbiota of PA patients was more inclined to encode microbial pathways involved in sugar metabolism, such as starch and sucrose metabolism and fructose and mannose metabolism. Blood potassium was negatively correlated with the relative abundance of Romboutsia (R = -0.364, q = 0.023). Diastolic blood pressure (DBP) was positively correlated with Romboutsia (R = 0.386, q = 0.015). Systolic blood pressure (SBP) was negatively correlated with Blautia (R = -0.349, q = 0.030). CONCLUSIONS The alteration of gut microbiota in PA patients, especially bacteria and pathways involved in inflammation, SCFAs, and sugar metabolism, may be associated with chronic metabolic disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Yuchun Zhu
- *Correspondence: Yuchun Zhu, ; Liang Zhou,
| | - Liang Zhou
- *Correspondence: Yuchun Zhu, ; Liang Zhou,
| |
Collapse
|