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Myndrul V, Tamashevski A, Lipińska W, Siuzdak K, Iatsunskyi I. Highly sensitive electrochemical multimodal immunosensor for cluster of differentiation 5 (CD5) detection in human blood serum for early stage cancer detection based on laser-processed Ti/Au electrodes. Talanta 2024; 279:126612. [PMID: 39084041 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2024] [Revised: 07/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
In the rapidly evolving field of medical diagnostics, biomarkers play a pivotal role, particularly in the early detection of cancer. Cluster of differentiation 5 (CD5), a cell surface glycoprotein found on T cells and B-1a lymphocytes, is instrumental in immune regulation and is associated with both autoimmune diseases and malignancies. Despite its significant diagnostic and therapeutic potential, CD5 detection has been limited by modern methods in the pg/ml range. This study presents a novel multimodal electrochemical immunosensor that employs laser-processed Ti/Au electrodes for the ultra-sensitive detection of CD5 in human blood serum. The "multimodal" approach combines different analytical techniques - differential pulse volctammetry (DPV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) - to ensure comprehensive analysis, enhancing both the accuracy and reliability of the sensor. This novel sensor significantly outperforms existing commercial ELISA kits, achieving a limit of detection (LOD) of 1.1 ± 0.2 fg/mL with DPV and 3.9 ± 0.5 fg/mL with EIS in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and 6.6 ± 3.1 fg/mL and 15.6 ± 3.1 fg/mL in human serum (HS), respectively. These results highlight the immunosensor's potential for improving early-stage cancer diagnosis and broader medical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerii Myndrul
- Sensor Engineering Department, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands; NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University, 3, Wszechnicy Piastowskiej Str., 61-614, Poznan, Poland.
| | - Alexander Tamashevski
- NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University, 3, Wszechnicy Piastowskiej Str., 61-614, Poznan, Poland
| | - Wiktoria Lipińska
- Centre for Plasma and Laser Engineering, Institute of Fluid-Flow Machinery, Polish Academy of Sciences, Fiszera 14 St., 80-231, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Siuzdak
- Centre for Plasma and Laser Engineering, Institute of Fluid-Flow Machinery, Polish Academy of Sciences, Fiszera 14 St., 80-231, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Igor Iatsunskyi
- NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University, 3, Wszechnicy Piastowskiej Str., 61-614, Poznan, Poland.
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Yamashita T, Momose S, Imada H, Takayanagi N, Murakami C, Nagata M, Sawada K, Yamazaki M, Shimizu T, Kikuchi Y, Yamamoto W, Higashi M. The significance of T-BET-positive CD8 T-cells with diminished CD5 expression in Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease. J Clin Exp Hematop 2024; 64:183-190. [PMID: 39085130 DOI: 10.3960/jslrt.24019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease (KFD), also known as histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis, is a rare condition characterized by benign localized lymphadenopathy and clinical symptoms such as fever, sore throat, odynophagia, and leukopenia. Though the etiology of KFD is unknown, this condition is similar to viral infection, including increased infiltration of activated plasmacytoid dendritic cells. KFD exhibits three histological phases that reflect its progression status: proliferative, necrotic, and xanthomatous lesions. The expression loss of pan T-cell markers, such as CD2, CD5, and CD7, of infiltrating T-cells is observed in KFD cases, complicating the distinction from T-cell lymphoma. However, reports on the loss of their expression in KFD have been limited. Furthermore, the precise population of the T-cell subset in KFD is still unclear. Here, we focused on surface markers and transcription factors for T-cell differentiation and analyzed them immunohistochemically in 46 KFD cases. We observed diminished CD5 expression of CD8-positive (CD5dim CD8+) T-cells in the proliferative lesion of KFD cases. Furthermore, these CD5dim CD8+ T-cells expressed T-BET, a master regulator of type 1 helper T-cells. The upregulation of T-BET and downregulation of CD5 in CD8+ T-cells causes dysregulated activation and proliferation of CD8+ T-cells, potentially contributing to the unique histopathological features of KFD. Recognizing the frequent infiltration of T-BET-positive CD5dim CD8+ T-cells in KFD is important for distinguishing it from mature T-cell lymphoma. Our findings suggest that the immune response in KFD shares similarities with viral infections and highlight the importance of characterizing T-BET-positive CD5dim CD8+ T-cell populations for understanding KFD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahisa Yamashita
- Department of Pathology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Shuji Momose
- Department of Pathology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Hiroki Imada
- Department of Pathology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Natsuko Takayanagi
- Department of Pathology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Chiaki Murakami
- Department of Pathology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Marino Nagata
- Department of Pathology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Keisuke Sawada
- Department of Pathology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Mami Yamazaki
- Department of Pathology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Tomomi Shimizu
- Department of Pathology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yukina Kikuchi
- Department of Pathology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Wataru Yamamoto
- Department of Pathology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Morihiro Higashi
- Department of Pathology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
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Noonepalle SKR, Gracia-Hernandez M, Aghdam N, Berrigan M, Coulibaly H, Li X, Zevallos-Delgado C, Pletcher A, Weselman B, Palmer E, Knox T, Sotomayor E, Chiappinelli KB, Wardrop D, Horvath A, Shook BA, Lee N, Dritschilo A, Fernandes R, Musunuri K, Shibata M, Villagra A. Cell therapy using ex vivo reprogrammed macrophages enhances antitumor immune responses in melanoma. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2024; 43:263. [PMID: 39272209 PMCID: PMC11401321 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-024-03182-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 09/04/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Macrophage-based cell therapies have shown modest success in clinical trials, which can be attributed to their phenotypic plasticity, where transplanted macrophages get reprogrammed towards a pro-tumor phenotype. In most tumor types, including melanoma, the balance between antitumor M1-like and tumor-promoting M2-like macrophages is critical in defining the local immune response with a higher M1/M2 ratio favoring antitumor immunity. Therefore, designing novel strategies to increase the M1/M2 ratio in the TME has high clinical significance and benefits macrophage-based cell therapies. METHODS In this study, we reprogrammed antitumor and proinflammatory macrophages ex-vivo with HDAC6 inhibitors (HDAC6i). We administered the reprogrammed macrophages intratumorally as an adoptive cell therapy (ACT) in the syngeneic SM1 murine melanoma model and patient-derived xenograft bearing NSG-SGM3 humanized mouse models. We phenotyped the tumor-infiltrated immune cells by flow cytometry and histological analysis of tumor sections for macrophage markers. We performed bulk RNA-seq profiling of murine bone marrow-derived macrophages treated with vehicle or HDAC6i and single-cell RNA-seq profiling of SM1 tumor-infiltrated immune cells to determine the effect of intratumor macrophage ACT on the tumor microenvironment (TME). We further analyzed the single-cell data to identify key cell-cell interactions and trajectory analysis to determine the fate of tumor-associated macrophages post-ACT. RESULTS Macrophage ACT resulted in diminished tumor growth in both mouse models. We also demonstrated that HDAC6 inhibition in macrophages suppressed the polarization toward tumor-promoting phenotype by attenuating STAT3-mediated M2 reprogramming. Two weeks post-transplantation, ACT macrophages were viable, and inhibition of HDAC6 rendered intratumor transplanted M1 macrophages resistant to repolarization towards protumor M2 phenotype in-vivo. Further characterization of tumors by flow cytometry, single-cell transcriptomics, and single-cell secretome analyses revealed a significant enrichment of antitumor M1-like macrophages, resulting in increased M1/M2 ratio and infiltration of CD8 effector T-cells. Computational analysis of single-cell RNA-seq data for cell-cell interactions and trajectory analyses indicated activation of monocytes and T-cells in the TME. CONCLUSIONS In summary, for the first time, we demonstrated the potential of reprogramming macrophages ex-vivo with HDAC6 inhibitors as a viable macrophage cell therapy to treat solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satish Kumar Reddy Noonepalle
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, 3970 Reservoir Road, NW, E416 Research Bldg, Washington, DC, 20057, USA
| | | | - Nima Aghdam
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, 3970 Reservoir Road, NW, E416 Research Bldg, Washington, DC, 20057, USA
| | | | - Hawa Coulibaly
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, 3970 Reservoir Road, NW, E416 Research Bldg, Washington, DC, 20057, USA
| | - Xintang Li
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, 3970 Reservoir Road, NW, E416 Research Bldg, Washington, DC, 20057, USA
| | | | | | - Bryan Weselman
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, 3970 Reservoir Road, NW, E416 Research Bldg, Washington, DC, 20057, USA
| | - Erica Palmer
- The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Tessa Knox
- The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Brett A Shook
- The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Norman Lee
- The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Anatoly Dritschilo
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, 3970 Reservoir Road, NW, E416 Research Bldg, Washington, DC, 20057, USA
| | | | | | - Maho Shibata
- The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Alejandro Villagra
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, 3970 Reservoir Road, NW, E416 Research Bldg, Washington, DC, 20057, USA.
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De Sanctis JB, Garmendia JV, Duchová H, Valentini V, Puskasu A, Kubíčková A, Hajdúch M. Lck Function and Modulation: Immune Cytotoxic Response and Tumor Treatment More Than a Simple Event. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:2630. [PMID: 39123358 PMCID: PMC11311849 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16152630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2024] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Lck, a member of the Src kinase family, is a non-receptor tyrosine kinase involved in immune cell activation, antigen recognition, tumor growth, and cytotoxic response. The enzyme has usually been linked to T lymphocyte activation upon antigen recognition. Lck activation is central to CD4, CD8, and NK activation. However, recently, it has become clearer that activating the enzyme in CD8 cells can be independent of antigen presentation and enhance the cytotoxic response. The role of Lck in NK cytotoxic function has been controversial in a similar fashion as the role of the enzyme in CAR T cells. Inhibiting tyrosine kinases has been a highly successful approach to treating hematologic malignancies. The inhibitors may be useful in treating other tumor types, and they may be useful to prevent cell exhaustion. New, more selective inhibitors have been documented, and they have shown interesting activities not only in tumor growth but in the treatment of autoimmune diseases, asthma, and graft vs. host disease. Drug repurposing and bioinformatics can aid in solving several unsolved issues about the role of Lck in cancer. In summary, the role of Lck in immune response and tumor growth is not a simple event and requires more research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Bautista De Sanctis
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, 77900 Olomouc, Czech Republic; (J.V.G.); (V.V.); (A.K.); (M.H.)
- Czech Advanced Technologies and Research Institute (CATRIN), 77900 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jenny Valentina Garmendia
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, 77900 Olomouc, Czech Republic; (J.V.G.); (V.V.); (A.K.); (M.H.)
| | - Hana Duchová
- Faculty of Science, Palacky University, 77900 Olomouc, Czech Republic; (H.D.); (A.P.)
| | - Viktor Valentini
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, 77900 Olomouc, Czech Republic; (J.V.G.); (V.V.); (A.K.); (M.H.)
| | - Alex Puskasu
- Faculty of Science, Palacky University, 77900 Olomouc, Czech Republic; (H.D.); (A.P.)
| | - Agáta Kubíčková
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, 77900 Olomouc, Czech Republic; (J.V.G.); (V.V.); (A.K.); (M.H.)
- Czech Advanced Technologies and Research Institute (CATRIN), 77900 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Marián Hajdúch
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, 77900 Olomouc, Czech Republic; (J.V.G.); (V.V.); (A.K.); (M.H.)
- Czech Advanced Technologies and Research Institute (CATRIN), 77900 Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital Olomouc, 77900 Olomouc, Czech Republic
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Shmidt D, Mamonkin M. CAR T Cells in T Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia and Lymphoblastic Lymphoma. CLINICAL LYMPHOMA, MYELOMA & LEUKEMIA 2024:S2152-2650(24)00211-8. [PMID: 38955579 DOI: 10.1016/j.clml.2024.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR T) therapy produced excellent activity in patients with relapsed/refractory B-lineage malignancies. However, extending these therapies to T cell cancers requires overcoming unique challenges. In the recent years, multiple approaches have been developed in preclinical models and some were tested in clinical trials in patients with treatment-refractory T-cell malignanices with promising early results. Here, we review main hurdles impeding the success of CAR T therapy in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma (T-ALL/LBL), discuss potential solutions, and summarize recent progress in both preclinical and clinical development of CAR T therapy for these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniil Shmidt
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Maksim Mamonkin
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.
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6
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Xiong Y, Chen C, He C, Yang X, Cheng W. Identification of shared gene signatures and biological mechanisms between preeclampsia and polycystic ovary syndrome. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29225. [PMID: 38638956 PMCID: PMC11024567 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) is one of the most common complications of pregnancy and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent metabolic and endocrinopathy disorder in women of reproductive age. Identifying the shared genetic signatures and molecular mechanisms between PCOS and PE was the objective of this study. The intersections of WGCNA module genes, PPI module genes, and PPI hub genes revealed that 8 immunity-related genes might be shared causative genes of PE and PCOS. Further, qRT-PCR results showed that TSIX/miR-223-3p/DDX58 might play a crucial role in immune dysregulation in PE and PCOS and Spearman rank correlation analysis results illustrated the potential of DDX58 as a novel diagnostic and therapeutic target for PE and PCOS. Our study demonstrated a common disease pathway model TSIX/miR-223-3p/DDX58, illustrating that immune dysregulation may be a possible mechanism of PE and PCOS, and revealed that DDX58 might be a novel predictive target for PE and PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoxi Xiong
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200030, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Disease, 200030, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Chen
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200030, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Disease, 200030, Shanghai, China
| | - Chengrong He
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200030, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Disease, 200030, Shanghai, China
| | - Xingyu Yang
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200030, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Disease, 200030, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiwei Cheng
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200030, Shanghai, China
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Eren F, Schwieler L, Orhan F, Malmqvist A, Piehl F, Cervenka S, Sellgren CM, Fatouros-Bergman H, Engberg G, Erhardt S. Immunological protein profiling of first-episode psychosis patients identifies CSF and blood biomarkers correlating with disease severity. Brain Behav Immun 2023; 111:376-385. [PMID: 37146654 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2023.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND HYPOTHESIS Immune activation is suggested to play an important role in psychosis. In this study, a large number of immune-related proteins were analyzed to obtain a more comprehensive picture of immune aberrations in schizophrenia. STUDY DESIGN Ninety-two immune markers were analyzed by the Olink Protein Extension Assay (Inflammatory Panel) in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from 77 first-episode psychosis (FEP) patients (of which 43 later received the diagnosis of schizophrenia) and 56 healthy controls, all recruited from the Karolinska Schizophrenia Project (KaSP), Stockholm, Sweden. STUDY RESULTS Differential analysis showed that 12 of 92 inflammatory proteins were significantly higher in the plasma of FEP patients (n = 77) than in controls, and several proteins were positively correlated with disease severity. Patients from the same cohort diagnosed with schizophrenia (n = 43), showed significantly higher levels of 15 plasma proteins compared to controls whereas those not receiving this diagnosis showed no significant differences. The presently used OLINK inflammatory panel allowed the detection of only 47 CSF proteins of which only CD5 differed between patients and controls. CONCLUSIONS The levels of several peripheral immune markers, particularly those interfering with WNT/β-catenin signaling, were significantly higher in patients with FEP than in healthy controls and associated with illness severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feride Eren
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lilly Schwieler
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Funda Orhan
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Malmqvist
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Piehl
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Neuroimmunology Unit, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Simon Cervenka
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Medical Sciences, Psychiatry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Carl M Sellgren
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Helena Fatouros-Bergman
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Göran Engberg
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Sophie Erhardt
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Li W, Qin Y, Chen X, Wang X. Mining of clinical and prognosis related genes in the tumor microenvironment of endometrial cancer: A field synopsis of observational study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e34047. [PMID: 37352078 PMCID: PMC10289639 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000034047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Endometrial cancer (EC) is the sixth most common malignant tumor in women worldwide, and its morbidity and mortality are on the rise. The purpose of this study was to explore potential tumor microenvironment (TME)-related biomarkers associated with the clinical features and prognosis of EC. The Estimating Stromal and Immune Cells in Malignancy Using Expression Data (ESTIMATE) algorithm was used to calculate TME immune and stromal scores of EC samples and to analyze the relationship between immune/stromal scores, clinical features, and prognosis. Heat maps and Venn maps were used to screen for differentially expressed genes (DEGs). The ESTIMATE algorithm revealed immune score was significantly correlated with overall survival and tumor grade in patients with EC. A total of 1448 DEGs were screened, of which 387 were intersecting genes. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis revealed that the biological processes (BP) related to intersecting genes mainly included T cell activation and regulation of lymphocyte activation. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis showed that the intersecting genes were closely related to immune-related signaling pathways. Thirty core genes with more than 7 nodes were identified using protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis. Six independent prognostic genes of EC were identified using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and multivariate Cox analysis, namely CD5, BATF, CACNA2D2, LTA, CD52, and NOL4, which are all immune-infiltrating genes that are closely related to clinical features. The current study identified 6 key genes closely related to immune infiltration in the TME of EC that predict clinical outcomes, which may provide new insights into novel prognostic biomarkers and immunotherapy for patients with EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxue Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Weihai Second Municipal Hospital of Qingdao University, Weihai, Shandong, China
| | - Yujing Qin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Weihai Second Municipal Hospital of Qingdao University, Weihai, Shandong, China
| | - Xiujuan Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Weihai Second Municipal Hospital of Qingdao University, Weihai, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaolei Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Weihai Second Municipal Hospital of Qingdao University, Weihai, Shandong, China
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9
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Hansen M, Cheever A, Weber KS, O’Neill KL. Characterizing the Interplay of Lymphocytes in Graves' Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:6835. [PMID: 37047805 PMCID: PMC10094834 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Graves' disease (GD) is a thyroid-specific autoimmune disease with a high prevalence worldwide. The disease is primarily mediated by B cells, which produce autoantibodies against the thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR), chronically stimulating it and leading to high levels of thyroid hormones in the body. Interest in characterizing the immune response in GD has motivated many phenotyping studies. The immunophenotype of the cells involved and the interplay between them and their secreted factors are crucial to understanding disease progression and future treatment options. T cell populations are markedly distinct, including increased levels of Th17 and follicular helper T cells (Tfh), while Treg cells appear to be impaired. Some B cells subsets are autoreactive, and anti-TSHR antibodies are the key disease-causing outcome of this interplay. Though some consensus across phenotyping studies will be discussed here, there are also complexities that are yet to be resolved. A better understanding of the immunophenotype of Graves' disease can lead to improved treatment strategies and novel drug targets.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Kim L. O’Neill
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA; (M.H.); (A.C.); (K.S.W.)
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10
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Legrand M, Tallet A, Guyétant S, Samimi M, Ortonne N, Kervarrec T. CD5 expression in Merkel cell carcinoma and extracutaneous neuroendocrine carcinomas. Pathology 2023; 55:141-143. [PMID: 35835644 DOI: 10.1016/j.pathol.2022.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Legrand
- Department of Pathology, Université de Tours, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Anne Tallet
- Platform of Somatic Tumor Molecular Genetics, Université de Tours, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Serge Guyétant
- Department of Pathology, Université de Tours, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Tours, Tours, France; Platform of Somatic Tumor Molecular Genetics, Université de Tours, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Tours, Tours, France; Biologie des Infections à Polyomavirus Team, UMR INRA ISP 1282, Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Mahtab Samimi
- Biologie des Infections à Polyomavirus Team, UMR INRA ISP 1282, Université de Tours, Tours, France; Department of Dermatology, Université de Tours, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Nicolas Ortonne
- Department of Pathology, Hopital Henri-Mondor, APHP, Créteil, France; CARADERM Network, France
| | - Thibault Kervarrec
- Department of Pathology, Université de Tours, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Tours, Tours, France; Biologie des Infections à Polyomavirus Team, UMR INRA ISP 1282, Université de Tours, Tours, France; CARADERM Network, France.
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11
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Chen Z, Chen Z, Fan W, Zou Y, Zhang Y, Shi N, Jin H. Conversion surgery for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma after combination treatment of lenvatinib and camrelizumab: a case report. World J Surg Oncol 2023; 21:29. [PMID: 36721173 PMCID: PMC9887816 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-023-02910-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an aggressive malignancy with high morbidity and mortality. Conversion therapy can improve surgical resection rate and prolong survival time for patients with advanced HCC. We show that combination therapy with lenvatinib and camrelizumab is a novel approach to downstage unresectable HCC. CASE PRESENTATION A 49-year-old man was diagnosed with massive HCC with hilar lymph node and lung metastases. Since radical resection was not feasible, lenvatinib and camrelizumab were administered as first-line therapy. After 10 cycles of camrelizumab and continuous oral administration of lenvatinib, the tumor exhibited striking shrinkage in volume indicating a partial radiological response, accompanied by a reduction in the alpha-fetoprotein levels, followed by salvage resection. Intriguingly, an improvement in predictive biomarkers, like lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), was observed. Notably, the pathological examination found high levels of necrosis in the resected tumor, and flow cytometry analysis indicated a significant increase in the ratio of CD5+ and CD5- B lymphocytes in the peripheral blood. After the treatment, the overall survival period was over 24 months, and no recurrence was observed 17-month post-surgery. CONCLUSIONS A combination of lenvatinib and camrelizumab may be a new conversion therapy for initially unresectable HCC to resectable HCC, thus contributing to improve the disease prognosis. In addition, the combination regimen could cause an activated immune response, and LDH, NLR, and CD5+ B-cell levels might be predictors for immunotherapy efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihong Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Zhenrong Chen
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wu Fan
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yiping Zou
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Yuanpeng Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ning Shi
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Haosheng Jin
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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12
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Burman J, Zjukovskaja C, Svenningsson A, Freyhult E, Wiberg A, Kultima K. Cerebrospinal fluid cytokines after autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation and intrathecal rituximab treatment for multiple sclerosis. Brain Commun 2023; 5:fcad011. [PMID: 36756308 PMCID: PMC9901571 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcad011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis has been established as an inflammatory disease of the central nervous system. Many aspects of the pathophysiology are still unknown and it is presently unclear how different treatments affect the immunopathology of multiple sclerosis. In this study, we explored cytokines discriminating between individuals with multiple sclerosis and healthy controls and then how these cytokines were affected by treatment intervention with autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation or intrathecal rituximab. CSF from individuals with multiple sclerosis and healthy controls were analysed with a proximity extension assay to simultaneously determine the level of 92 cytokines and other inflammation-related proteins. In total, CSF from 158 multiple sclerosis patients and 53 healthy controls were analysed. Sixty-four patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis and 27 with progressive multiple sclerosis took part in a cross-sectional study and underwent lumbar puncture on a single occasion. Forty-five patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis were treated with autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation and underwent lumbar puncture at baseline and then at follow-up visits made at 1-, 2- and 5 years. Twenty-two patients with progressive multiple sclerosis were treated with intrathecal rituximab and followed with lumbar punctures at baseline and then at follow-up visits made at 3-, 6- and 12 months. Of the 92 studied cytokines, 16 were found to be altered in multiple sclerosis and 11 were decreased after treatment with autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation. None of the studied cytokines was affected by treatment with intrathecal rituximab for progressive multiple sclerosis. Some proteins were highly associated with each other. Therefore, a cluster analysis was made and then the highest-ranked protein from the four highest-ranked clusters was used for the subsequent analyses. CCL3, IL-12B, CXCL10 and IL-8 discriminated between multiple sclerosis patients and controls, but only IL-12B differed between patients with relapsing-remitting and progressive multiple sclerosis. The CSF concentrations of CCL3, IL-12B and CXCL10 were decreased after autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation, whereas IL-8 appeared to be unaffected by this intervention. High concentrations of IL-8 were associated with worse outcome in both treatment groups. Overall, the results suggest a profound effect of autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation on the inflammatory milieu of the CSF in multiple sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joachim Burman
- Correspondence to: Joachim Burman, M.D. Ph.D Department of Medical Sciences, Neurology, Uppsala University, Uppsala SE-751 85, Sweden E-mail:
| | - Christina Zjukovskaja
- Department of Medical Sciences, Neurology, Uppsala University, Uppsala SE-751 85, Sweden
| | - Anders Svenningsson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Karolinska Institutet Danderyd Hospital, Stockholm SE-171 77, Sweden
| | - Eva Freyhult
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala SE-751 23, Sweden
| | - Anna Wiberg
- Department of Medical Sciences, Neurology, Uppsala University, Uppsala SE-751 85, Sweden,Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala SE-751 85, Sweden
| | - Kim Kultima
- Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Chemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala SE-751 85, Sweden
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13
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Caracciolo D, Mancuso A, Polerà N, Froio C, D'Aquino G, Riillo C, Tagliaferri P, Tassone P. The emerging scenario of immunotherapy for T-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: advances, challenges and future perspectives. Exp Hematol Oncol 2023; 12:5. [PMID: 36624522 PMCID: PMC9828428 DOI: 10.1186/s40164-022-00368-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is a challenging pediatric and adult haematologic disease still associated with an unsatisfactory cure rate. Unlike B-ALL, the availability of novel therapeutic options to definitively improve the life expectancy for relapsed/resistant patients is poor. Indeed, the shared expression of surface targets among normal and neoplastic T-cells still limits the efficacy and may induce fratricide effects, hampering the use of innovative immunotherapeutic strategies. However, novel monoclonal antibodies, bispecific T-cell engagers (BTCEs), and chimeric antigen receptors (CAR) T-cells recently showed encouraging results and some of them are in an advanced stage of pre-clinical development or are currently under investigation in clinical trials. Here, we review this exciting scenario focusing on most relevant advances, challenges, and perspectives of the emerging landscape of immunotherapy of T-cell malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Caracciolo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Antonia Mancuso
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Polerà
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Caterina Froio
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Giuseppe D'Aquino
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Caterina Riillo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | | | - Pierfrancesco Tassone
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University, Catanzaro, Italy.
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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14
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This S, Rogers D, Mallet Gauthier È, Mandl JN, Melichar HJ. What's self got to do with it: Sources of heterogeneity among naive T cells. Semin Immunol 2023; 65:101702. [PMID: 36463711 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2022.101702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
There is a long-standing assumption that naive CD4+ and CD8+ T cells are largely homogeneous populations despite the extraordinary diversity of their T cell receptors (TCR). The self-immunopeptidome plays a key role in the selection of the naive T cell repertoire in the thymus, and self-peptides are also an important driver of differences between individual naive T cells with regard to their subsequent functional contributions to an immune response. Accumulating evidence suggests that as early as the β-selection stage of T cell development, when only one of the recombined chains of the mature TCR is expressed, signaling thresholds may be established for positive selection of immature thymocytes. Stochastic encounters subsequently made with self-ligands during positive selection in the thymus imprint functional biases that a T cell will carry with it throughout its lifetime, although ongoing interactions with self in the periphery ensure a level of plasticity in the gene expression wiring of naive T cells. Identifying the sources of heterogeneity in the naive T cell population and which functional attributes of T cells can be modulated through post-thymic interventions versus those that are fixed during T cell development, could enable us to better select or generate T cells with particular traits to improve the efficacy of T cell therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien This
- Department of Microbiology, Infectious Disease, and Immunology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada; Immunology-Oncology Unit, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Center, Montreal, Canada
| | - Dakota Rogers
- Department of Physiology and McGill Research Centre on Complex Traits, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Ève Mallet Gauthier
- Department of Microbiology, Infectious Disease, and Immunology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada; Immunology-Oncology Unit, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Center, Montreal, Canada
| | - Judith N Mandl
- Department of Physiology and McGill Research Centre on Complex Traits, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
| | - Heather J Melichar
- Immunology-Oncology Unit, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Center, Montreal, Canada; Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada.
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15
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Old and New Facts and Speculations on the Role of the B Cell Receptor in the Origin of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214249. [PMID: 36430731 PMCID: PMC9693457 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The engagement of the B cell receptor (BcR) on the surface of leukemic cells represents a key event in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) since it can lead to the maintenance and expansion of the neoplastic clone. This notion was initially suggested by observations of the CLL BcR repertoire and of correlations existing between certain BcR features and the clinical outcomes of single patients. Based on these observations, tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), which block BcR signaling, have been introduced in therapy with the aim of inhibiting CLL cell clonal expansion and of controlling the disease. Indeed, the impressive results obtained with these compounds provided further proof of the role of BcR in CLL. In this article, the key steps that led to the determination of the role of BcR are reviewed, including the features of the CLL cell repertoire and the fine mechanisms causing BcR engagement and cell signaling. Furthermore, we discuss the biological effects of the engagement, which can lead to cell survival/proliferation or apoptosis depending on certain intrinsic cell characteristics and on signals that the micro-environment can deliver to the leukemic cells. In addition, consideration is given to alternative mechanisms promoting cell proliferation in the absence of BcR signaling, which can explain in part the incomplete effectiveness of TKI therapies. The role of the BcR in determining clonal evolution and disease progression is also described. Finally, we discuss possible models to explain the selection of a special BcR set during leukemogenesis. The BcR may deliver activation signals to the cells, which lead to their uncontrolled growth, with the possible collaboration of other still-undefined events which are capable of deregulating the normal physiological response of B cells to BcR-delivered stimuli.
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16
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Zheng LM, Ye JQ, Li HF, Liu Q. Construction of a potentially functional lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA network in sepsis by bioinformatics analysis. Front Genet 2022; 13:1031589. [DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1031589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Sepsis is a common disease in internal medicine, with a high incidence and dangerous condition. Due to the limited understanding of its pathogenesis, the prognosis is poor. The goal of this project is to screen potential biomarkers for the diagnosis of sepsis and to identify competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks associated with sepsis.Methods: The expression profiles of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs) and messenger RNAs (mRNAs) were derived from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) dataset. The differentially expressed lncRNAs (DElncRNAs), miRNAs (DEmiRNAs) and mRNAs (DEmRNAs) were screened by bioinformatics analysis. DEmRNAs were analyzed by protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis, transcription factor enrichment analysis, Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA). After the prediction of the relevant database, the competitive ceRNA network is built in Cytoscape. The gene-drug interaction was predicted by DGIgb. Finally, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to confirm five lncRNAs from the ceRNA network.Results: Through Venn diagram analysis, we found that 57 DElncRNAs, 6 DEmiRNAs and 317 DEmRNAs expressed abnormally in patients with sepsis. GO analysis and KEGG pathway analysis showed that 789 GO terms and 36 KEGG pathways were enriched. Through intersection analysis and data mining, 5 key KEGG pathways and related core genes were revealed by GSEA. The PPI network consists of 247 nodes and 1,163 edges, and 50 hub genes are screened by the MCODE plug-in. In addition, there are 5 DElncRNAs, 6 DEmiRNAs and 28 DEmRNAs in the ceRNA network. Drug action analysis showed that 7 genes were predicted to be molecular targets of drugs. Five lncRNAs in ceRNA network are verified by qRT-PCR, and the results showed that the relative expression of five lncRNAs was significantly different between sepsis patients and healthy control subjects.Conclusion: A sepsis-specific ceRNA network has been effectively created, which is helpful to understand the interaction between lncRNAs, miRNAs and mRNAs. We discovered prospective sepsis peripheral blood indicators and proposed potential treatment medicines, providing new insights into the progression and development of sepsis.
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17
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Bencze D, Fekete T, Pfliegler W, Szöőr Á, Csoma E, Szántó A, Tarr T, Bácsi A, Kemény L, Veréb Z, Pázmándi K. Interactions between the NLRP3-Dependent IL-1β and the Type I Interferon Pathways in Human Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012154. [PMID: 36293012 PMCID: PMC9602791 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Generally, a reciprocal antagonistic interaction exists between the antiviral type I interferon (IFN) and the antibacterial nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptor pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3)-dependent IL-1β pathways that can significantly shape immune responses. Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs), as professional type I IFN-producing cells, are the major coordinators of antiviral immunity; however, their NLRP3-dependent IL-1β secretory pathway is poorly studied. Our aim was to determine the functional activity of the IL-1β pathway and its possible interaction with the type I IFN pathway in pDCs. We found that potent nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) inducers promote higher levels of pro-IL-1β during priming compared to those activation signals, which mainly trigger interferon regulatory factor (IRF)-mediated type I IFN production. The generation of cleaved IL-1β requires certain secondary signals in pDCs and IFN-α or type I IFN-inducing viruses inhibit IL-1β production of pDCs, presumably by promoting the expression of various NLRP3 pathway inhibitors. In line with that, we detected significantly lower IL-1β production in pDCs of psoriasis patients with elevated IFN-α levels. Collectively, our results show that the NLRP3-dependent IL-1β secretory pathway is inducible in pDCs; however, it may only prevail under inflammatory conditions, in which the type I IFN pathway is not dominant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dóra Bencze
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Molecular Cell and Immune Biology, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Tünde Fekete
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Walter Pfliegler
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Árpád Szöőr
- Department of Biophysics and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Eszter Csoma
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Antónia Szántó
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Tünde Tarr
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Attila Bácsi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Lajos Kemény
- Regenerative Medicine and Cellular Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Veréb
- Regenerative Medicine and Cellular Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Kitti Pázmándi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +36-52-417-159
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18
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Casadó‐Llombart S, Ajami T, Consuegra‐Fernández M, Carreras E, Aranda F, Armiger N, Alcaraz A, Mengual L, Lozano F. Gene variation impact on prostate cancer progression: Lymphocyte modulator, activation, and cell adhesion gene variant contribution. Prostate 2022; 82:1331-1337. [PMID: 35767366 PMCID: PMC9542726 DOI: 10.1002/pros.24407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The view of prostate cancer (PCa) progression as a result of the interaction of epithelial cancer cells with the host's immune system is supported by the presence of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). TILs fate and interaction with the tumor microenvironment is mediated by accessory molecules such as CD5 and CD6, two signal-transducing coreceptors involved in fine-tuning of T cell responses. While the nature of the CD5 ligand is still controversial, CD6 binds CD166/ALCAM, a cell adhesion molecule involved in progression and dissemination of epithelial cancers, including PCa. The purpose of the present study was to determine the role of CD5, CD6, and CD166/ALCAM gene variants in PCa. METHODS Functionally relevant CD5 (rs2241002 and rs2229177), CD6 (rs17824933, rs11230563, and rs12360861) and CD166/ALCAM (rs6437585, rs579565, rs1044243, and rs35271455) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were genotyped in germline DNA samples from 376 PCa patients. Their association with PCa prognostic factors, namely biochemical recurrence (BCR) and International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) grade was analyzed by generalized linear models and survival analyses. RESULT Proportional hazards regression showed that the minor CD6 rs12360861AA and CD166/ALCAM rs579565AA genotypes were associated with earlier BCR, with hazard ratios of 2.65 (95% CI: 1.39-5.05, p = 0.003) and 1.86, (95% CI: 1.02-3.39, p = 0.043), respectively. Individually, none of the analyzed SNPs was significantly associated with ISUP grade, but haplotype analyses revealed association of the CD5 rs2241002C -rs2229177T haplotype with ISUP grade ≥2, with odds ratio of 1.52 (95% CI: 1.05-2.21, p = 0.026). CONCLUSION The results show the impact on PCa aggressiveness and recurrence brought about by gene variants involved in modulation of lymphocyte activation (CD5, CD6) and immune-epithelial cell adhesion (CD166/ALCAM) in PCa aggressiveness and recurrence, thus supporting a role for host immune response in PCa pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergi Casadó‐Llombart
- Immunoreceptors del Sistema Innat i AdaptatiuInstitut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS)BarcelonaSpain
| | - Tarek Ajami
- Laboratori i Servei d'UrologiaHospital Clínic de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Marta Consuegra‐Fernández
- Immunoreceptors del Sistema Innat i AdaptatiuInstitut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS)BarcelonaSpain
| | - Esther Carreras
- Immunoreceptors del Sistema Innat i AdaptatiuInstitut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS)BarcelonaSpain
| | - Fernando Aranda
- Immunoreceptors del Sistema Innat i AdaptatiuInstitut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS)BarcelonaSpain
| | - Noelia Armiger
- Immunoreceptors del Sistema Innat i AdaptatiuInstitut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS)BarcelonaSpain
| | - Antonio Alcaraz
- Laboratori i Servei d'UrologiaHospital Clínic de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
- Genètica i tumors urològicsInstitut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, IDIBAPSBarcelonaSpain
| | - Lourdes Mengual
- Laboratori i Servei d'UrologiaHospital Clínic de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
- Genètica i tumors urològicsInstitut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, IDIBAPSBarcelonaSpain
- Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la SalutUniversitat de Barcelona (UB)BarcelonaSpain
| | - Francisco Lozano
- Immunoreceptors del Sistema Innat i AdaptatiuInstitut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS)BarcelonaSpain
- Genètica i tumors urològicsInstitut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, IDIBAPSBarcelonaSpain
- Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la SalutUniversitat de Barcelona (UB)BarcelonaSpain
- Servei d'Immunologia, Centre de Diagnòstic BiomèdicHospital Clínic de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
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19
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Matsumura Y, Watanabe R, Fujimoto M. Suppressive mechanisms of regulatory B cells in mice and humans. Int Immunol 2022; 35:55-65. [PMID: 36153768 PMCID: PMC9918854 DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxac048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
B cells include immune-suppressive fractions, called regulatory B cells (Bregs), which regulate inflammation primarily through an interleukin 10 (IL-10)-mediated inhibitory mechanism. Several B-cell fractions have been reported as IL-10-producing Bregs in murine disease models and human inflammatory responses including autoimmune diseases, infectious diseases, cancer and organ-transplant rejection. Although the suppressive functions of Bregs have been explored through the hallmark molecule IL-10, inhibitory cytokines and membrane-binding molecules other than IL-10 have also been demonstrated to contribute to Breg activities. Transcription factors and surface antigens that are characteristically expressed in Bregs are also being elucidated. Nevertheless, defining Bregs is still challenging because their active periods and differentiation stages vary among disease models. The identity of the diverse Breg fractions is also under debate. In the first place, since regulatory functions of Bregs are mostly evaluated by ex vivo stimulation, the actual in vivo phenotypes and functions may not be reflected by the ex vivo observations. In this article, we provide a historical overview of studies that established the characteristics of Bregs and review the various suppressive mechanisms that have been reported to be used by Bregs in murine and human disease conditions. We are only part-way through but the common phenotypes and functions of Bregs are still emerging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutaka Matsumura
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Rei Watanabe
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan,Department of Integrative Medicine for Allergic and Immunological Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine/Faculty of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
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20
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Li X, Wang W, Chen J, Xie B, Luo S, Chen D, Cai C, Li C, Li W. The potential role of exosomal miRNAs and membrane proteins in acute HIV-infected people. Front Immunol 2022; 13:939504. [PMID: 36032099 PMCID: PMC9411714 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.939504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomes play an important role during human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) acute infection. Yet, information regarding its cargo and its association with HIV rapid progressors (RPs) and typical progressors (TPs) remain largely unknown. In this study, exosomal miRNAs sequencing and mass cytometry were used to identify differential exosomal miRNAs and membrane proteins that participate in the pathogenesis of TPs and RPs. We discovered that miR-144-5p, miR-1180-3p, miR-451a, miR-362-5p, and miR-625-5p are associated with the TPs and miR-362-5p with the RPs. Decreased autophagy, amino acid metabolism, immune response, and IL-6 are closely related to RPs. In addition, SP1 was selected as the most significant transcription factor (TF) associated with disease progression. CD49D, CD5, CCR5, CD40, CD14, and CD86 were selected as the differential exosomal membrane proteins between TPs and RPs. This study provides valuable information for clarifying the mechanism in people with acute HIV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- Institute of Infectious Diseases of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- General Surgery Center, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjing Wang
- Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Institute of Infectious Diseases of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Bangxiang Xie
- Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shumin Luo
- Institute of Infectious Diseases of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Dexi Chen
- Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Cai
- Institute of Infectious Diseases of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Weihua Li, ; Chao Cai, ; Chuanyun Li,
| | - Chuanyun Li
- General Surgery Center, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Weihua Li, ; Chao Cai, ; Chuanyun Li,
| | - Weihua Li
- Institute of Infectious Diseases of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Weihua Li, ; Chao Cai, ; Chuanyun Li,
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21
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Casadó-Llombart S, Gheitasi H, Ariño S, Consuegra-Fernández M, Armiger-Borràs N, Kostov B, Ramos-Casals M, Brito-Zerón P, Lozano F. Gene Variation at Immunomodulatory and Cell Adhesion Molecules Loci Impacts Primary Sjögren's Syndrome. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:822290. [PMID: 35372412 PMCID: PMC8971656 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.822290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) is an autoimmune disease triggered by a combination of environmental and host genetic factors, which results in the focal lymphocytic infiltration of exocrine glands causing eye and mouth dryness. Glandular infiltrates include T and B cell subsets positive for CD5 and/or CD6, two surface scavenger receptors involved in the fine-tuning of intracellular signals mediated by the antigen-specific receptor complex of T (TCR) and B (BCR) cells. Moreover, the epithelial cells of inflamed glands overexpress CD166/ALCAM, a CD6 ligand involved in homo and heterotypic cell adhesion interactions. All this, together with the reported association of functionally relevant single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of CD5, CD6, and CD166/ALCAM with the risk or prognosis of some immune-mediated inflammatory disorders, led us to investigate similar associations in a local cohort of patients with pSS. The logistic regression analyses of individual SNPs showed the association of CD5 rs2241002T with anti-Ro/La positivity, CD6 rs17824933C with neutropenia, and CD6 rs11230563T with increased leukopenia and neutropenia but decreased peripheral nervous system EULAR Sjögren's syndrome disease activity index (ESSDAI). Further analyses showed the association of haplotypes from CD5 (rs2241002T-rs2229177C) with anemia and thrombocytopenia, CD6 (rs17824933G-rs11230563C-rs12360861G) with cutaneous ESSDAI, and CD166/ALCAM (rs6437585C-rs579565A-rs1044243C and rs6437585C-rs579565G-rs1044243T) with disease susceptibility and several analytical parameters (anti-nuclear antibodies, neurological ESSDAI, and hematologic cytopenias). These results support the relevance of gene variation at loci coding for cell surface receptors involved in the modulation of T and B lymphocyte activation (CD5, CD6) and epithelial-immune cell adhesion (CD166/ALCAM) in modulating the clinical and analytical outcomes in patients with pSS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergi Casadó-Llombart
- Immunoreceptors del Sistema Innat i Adaptatiu, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Hoda Gheitasi
- Department of Autoimmune Diseases, ICMiD, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Silvia Ariño
- Immunoreceptors del Sistema Innat i Adaptatiu, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Consuegra-Fernández
- Immunoreceptors del Sistema Innat i Adaptatiu, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Noelia Armiger-Borràs
- Immunoreceptors del Sistema Innat i Adaptatiu, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Belchin Kostov
- Primary Care Centre Les Corts, Consorci d'Atenció Primària de Salut Barcelona Esquerra (CAPSBE), Barcelona, Spain
- Primary Healthcare Transversal Research Group, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Statistics and Operations Research, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuel Ramos-Casals
- Department of Autoimmune Diseases, ICMiD, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pilar Brito-Zerón
- Research and Innovation Group in Autoimmune Diseases, RGAD-Sanitas Digital Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
- Systemic Autoimmune Diseases Unit, Internal Medicine, Millenium Clinic, Sanitas, Barcelona, Spain
- *Correspondence: Pilar Brito-Zerón
| | - Francisco Lozano
- Immunoreceptors del Sistema Innat i Adaptatiu, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Servei d'Immunologia, Centre de Diagnòstic Biomèdic, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Francisco Lozano
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22
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CD5 Deficiency Alters Helper T Cell Metabolic Function and Shifts the Systemic Metabolome. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10030704. [PMID: 35327505 PMCID: PMC8945004 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10030704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic function plays a key role in immune cell activation, destruction of foreign pathogens, and memory cell generation. As T cells are activated, their metabolic profile is significantly changed due to signaling cascades mediated by the T cell receptor (TCR) and co-receptors found on their surface. CD5 is a T cell co-receptor that regulates thymocyte selection and peripheral T cell activation. The removal of CD5 enhances T cell activation and proliferation, but how this is accomplished is not well understood. We examined how CD5 specifically affects CD4+ T cell metabolic function and systemic metabolome by analyzing serum and T cell metabolites from CD5WT and CD5KO mice. We found that CD5 removal depletes certain serum metabolites, and CD5KO T cells have higher levels of several metabolites. Transcriptomic analysis identified several upregulated metabolic genes in CD5KO T cells. Bioinformatic analysis identified glycolysis and the TCA cycle as metabolic pathways promoted by CD5 removal. Functional metabolic analysis demonstrated that CD5KO T cells have higher oxygen consumption rates (OCR) and higher extracellular acidification rates (ECAR). Together, these findings suggest that the loss of CD5 is linked to CD4+ T cell metabolism changes in metabolic gene expression and metabolite concentration.
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23
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Zhang J, Wang C, An Q, Quan Q, Li M, Zhao D. Gene Expression Profile Analyses of the Skin Response of Balb/c-Nu Mice Model Injected by Staphylococcus aureus. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2022; 15:217-235. [PMID: 35210800 PMCID: PMC8857954 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s348961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Background Pathogenesis and persistence of many skin diseases are related to Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) colonization. S. aureus infection can cause varying degrees of changes in cell gene expression, resulting in complex changes in cell phenotype and finally changes in cell life activities. Materials and Methods The transcriptomes of healthy and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus)-infected murine skin tissues were analyzed. We identified 638 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the infected tissues compared to the control samples, of which 324 were upregulated and 314 were downregulated, following the criteria of P < 0.01 and |log2FC| > 3. The DEGs were functionally annotated by Gene Ontology (GO), KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) pathway and the protein–protein interaction (PPI) network analyses. Results The upregulated DEGs were mainly enriched in GO terms, such as response to stimulus, immune system process and signal transduction, as well as in the complement and coagulation cascade pathway. Thus, S. aureus infection likely activates these pathways to limit the influx of neutrophils and prevent skin damage. Four clusters were identified in the PPI network, and the major hubs were mainly related to cell cycle and proliferation, and mostly downregulated. The expression levels of Nox4, Mmrn1, Mcm5, Msx1 and Fgf5 mRNAs were validated by qRT-PCR and found to be consistent with the RNA-Seq data, confirming a strong correlation between the two approaches. Conclusion The identified genes and pathways are potential drug targets for treating skin inflammation caused by S. aureus and should be investigated further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiachan Zhang
- Beijing Key Lab of Plant Resource Research and Development, College of chemistry and materials engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, People's Republic of China
| | - Changtao Wang
- Beijing Key Lab of Plant Resource Research and Development, College of chemistry and materials engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, People's Republic of China
| | - Quan An
- Yunnan Baiyao Group Co., Ltd., Kunming, 650000, People's Republic of China
| | - Qianghua Quan
- Yunnan Baiyao Group Co., Ltd., Kunming, 650000, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Li
- Yunnan Baiyao Group Co., Ltd., Kunming, 650000, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Zhao
- Beijing Key Lab of Plant Resource Research and Development, College of chemistry and materials engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, People's Republic of China
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24
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Sanna S, Kurilshikov A, van der Graaf A, Fu J, Zhernakova A. Challenges and future directions for studying effects of host genetics on the gut microbiome. Nat Genet 2022; 54:100-106. [PMID: 35115688 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-021-00983-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The human gut microbiome is a complex ecosystem that is involved in its host's metabolism, immunity and health. Although interindividual variations in gut microbial composition are mainly driven by environmental factors, some gut microorganisms are heritable and thus can be influenced by host genetics. In the past 5 years, 12 microbial genome-wide association studies (mbGWAS) with >1,000 participants have been published, yet only a few genetic loci have been consistently confirmed across multiple studies. Here we discuss the state of the art for mbGWAS, focusing on current challenges such as the heterogeneity of microbiome measurements and power issues, and we elaborate on potential future directions for genetic analysis of the microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Sanna
- Institute for Genetic and Biomedical Research (IRGB), National Research Council (CNR), Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy.
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Alexander Kurilshikov
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Adriaan van der Graaf
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jingyuan Fu
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Alexandra Zhernakova
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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25
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Sereshki N, Rafiee M, Alipour R, Wilkinson D, Ahmadipanah V. CD5 expression by human ejaculated spermatozoa. MIDDLE EAST FERTILITY SOCIETY JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s43043-022-00095-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
A complex of effector and predominant regulatory immune responses are induced in the female reproductive tract (FRT) due to insemination that is necessary to achieve pregnancy. The expression of immune regulatory molecules by spermatozoa indicates the significance of the interaction between spermatozoa and immune cells recruited to the FRT in the preparation of appropriate immunity for pregnancy occurrence. One of the immune regulatory molecules is CD5 whose expression by spermatozoa has not yet been investigated. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the expression of CD5 on the surface of human spermatozoa. Semen samples were collected from 30 healthy men with normal semen status. CD5 expression on purified spermatozoa was evaluated by flow cytometry methods.
Results
The results showed the mean ± SD percentage of CD5 positive spermatozoa was 49.41 ± 8.73.
Conclusion
CD5 is expressed on spermatozoa.
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26
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Ge J, Xia Y, Sun Z, Zhang L, Li X, Li L, Wang X, Zhang X, Li Z, Nan F, Wan W, Xu D, Ding J, Fu X, Zhang M. Improving outcomes in limited-stage de novo CD5+ DLBCL: systemic approaches with consolidative radiation. Leuk Lymphoma 2022; 63:1369-1374. [PMID: 34989286 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2021.2023742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
CD5-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (CD5+ DLBCL) is characterized by poor prognosis after frontline immunochemotherapy. This retrospective study investigated the effect of consolidative radiation after systemic treatment in newly diagnosed stage I-II de novo CD5+ DLBCL. In this study, 22 patients received consolidative radiotherapy (RT) after immunochemotherapy (chemotherapy + RT group) and 28 patients received chemotherapy alone. Patients who received chemotherapy alone had a significantly shorter PFS and OS than those who received consolidative radiotherapy. The five-year PFS rates for the chemotherapy + RT and chemotherapy alone groups were 75.1% and 40.5%, respectively. The five-year OS rates for the chemotherapy + RT and chemotherapy alone groups were 84.2% and 50.1%, respectively. Even after receiving consolidation radiotherapy, 2/22 (9.1%) patients experienced CNS relapse. Age >60 years and lack of radiotherapy were independent prognostic factors for PFS and OS. Ki-67 (≥80%) was an independent prognostic factor for poor OS. Consolidative radiotherapy might be a good option for stage I-II CD5+ DLBCL, but further investigation is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jurui Ge
- Oncology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Lymphoma Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yaqin Xia
- Oncology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Lymphoma Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhenchang Sun
- Oncology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Lymphoma Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Oncology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Lymphoma Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xin Li
- Oncology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Lymphoma Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ling Li
- Oncology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Lymphoma Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xinhua Wang
- Oncology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Lymphoma Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xudong Zhang
- Oncology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Lymphoma Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhaoming Li
- Oncology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Lymphoma Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Feifei Nan
- Oncology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Lymphoma Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wenjuan Wan
- Oncology Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Duo Xu
- Oncology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Lymphoma Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jiayin Ding
- Oncology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Lymphoma Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - XiaoRui Fu
- Oncology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Lymphoma Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Mingzhi Zhang
- Oncology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Lymphoma Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
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27
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Alisjahbana A, Gao Y, Sleiers N, Evren E, Brownlie D, von Kries A, Jorns C, Marquardt N, Michaëlsson J, Willinger T. CD5 Surface Expression Marks Intravascular Human Innate Lymphoid Cells That Have a Distinct Ontogeny and Migrate to the Lung. Front Immunol 2021; 12:752104. [PMID: 34867984 PMCID: PMC8640955 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.752104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) contribute to immune defense, yet it is poorly understood how ILCs develop and are strategically positioned in the lung. This applies especially to human ILCs due to the difficulty of studying them in vivo. Here we investigated the ontogeny and migration of human ILCs in vivo with a humanized mouse model (“MISTRG”) expressing human cytokines. In addition to known tissue-resident ILC subsets, we discovered CD5-expressing ILCs that predominantly resided within the lung vasculature and in the circulation. CD5+ ILCs contained IFNγ-producing mature ILC1s as well as immature ILCs that produced ILC effector cytokines under polarizing conditions in vitro. CD5+ ILCs had a distinct ontogeny compared to conventional CD5- ILCs because they first appeared in the thymus, spleen and liver rather than in the bone marrow after transplantation of MISTRG mice with human CD34+ hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. Due to their strategic location, human CD5+ ILCs could serve as blood-borne sentinels, ready to be recruited into the lung to respond to environmental challenges. This work emphasizes the uniqueness of human CD5+ ILCs in terms of their anatomical localization and developmental origin compared to well-studied CD5- ILCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arlisa Alisjahbana
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yu Gao
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Natalie Sleiers
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elza Evren
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Demi Brownlie
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Andreas von Kries
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Carl Jorns
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Transplantation Surgery, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nicole Marquardt
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jakob Michaëlsson
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tim Willinger
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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28
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Sánchez-Maldonado JM, Cáliz R, López-Nevot MÁ, Cabrera-Serrano AJ, Moñiz-Díez A, Canhão H, Ter Horst R, Quartuccio L, Sorensen SB, Glintborg B, Hetland ML, Filipescu I, Pérez-Pampin E, Conesa-Zamora P, Swierkot J, den Broeder AA, De Vita S, Petersen ERB, Li Y, Ferrer MA, Escudero A, Netea MG, Coenen MJH, Andersen V, Fonseca JE, Jurado M, Bogunia-Kubik K, Collantes E, Sainz J. Validation of GWAS-Identified Variants for Anti-TNF Drug Response in Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Meta-Analysis of Two Large Cohorts. Front Immunol 2021; 12:672255. [PMID: 34777329 PMCID: PMC8579100 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.672255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
We aimed to validate the association of 28 GWAS-identified genetic variants for response to TNF inhibitors (TNFi) in a discovery cohort of 1361 rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients monitored in routine care and ascertained through the REPAIR consortium and DANBIO registry. We genotyped selected markers and evaluated their association with response to TNFi after 6 months of treatment according to the change in disease activity score 28 (ΔDAS28). Next, we confirmed the most interesting results through meta-analysis of our data with those from the DREAM cohort that included 706 RA patients treated with TNFi. The meta-analysis of the discovery cohort and DREAM registry including 2067 RA patients revealed an overall association of the LINC02549rs7767069 SNP with a lower improvement in DAS28 that remained significant after correction for multiple testing (per-allele ORMeta=0.83, PMeta=0.000077; PHet=0.61). In addition, we found that each copy of the LRRC55rs717117G allele was significantly associated with lower improvement in DAS28 in rheumatoid factor (RF)-positive patients (per-allele ORMeta=0.67, P=0.00058; PHet=0.06) whereas an opposite but not significant effect was detected in RF-negative subjects (per-allele ORMeta=1.38, P=0.10; PHet=0.45; PInteraction=0.00028). Interestingly, although the identified associations did not survive multiple testing correction, the meta-analysis also showed overall and RF-specific associations for the MAFBrs6071980 and CNTN5rs1813443 SNPs with decreased changes in DAS28 (per-allele ORMeta_rs6071980 = 0.85, P=0.0059; PHet=0.63 and ORMeta_rs1813443_RF+=0.81, P=0.0059; PHet=0.69 and ORMeta_rs1813443_RF-=1.00, P=0.99; PHet=0.12; PInteraction=0.032). Mechanistically, we found that subjects carrying the LINC02549rs7767069T allele had significantly increased numbers of CD45RO+CD45RA+ T cells (P=0.000025) whereas carriers of the LINC02549rs7767069T/T genotype showed significantly increased levels of soluble scavengers CD5 and CD6 in serum (P=0.00037 and P=0.00041). In addition, carriers of the LRRC55rs717117G allele showed decreased production of IL6 after stimulation of PBMCs with B burgdorferi and E coli bacteria (P=0.00046 and P=0.00044), which suggested a reduced IL6-mediated anti-inflammatory effect of this marker to worsen the response to TNFi. In conclusion, this study confirmed the influence of the LINC02549 and LRRC55 loci to determine the response to TNFi in RA patients and suggested a weak effect of the MAFB and CNTN5 loci that need to be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Manuel Sánchez-Maldonado
- Genomic Oncology Area, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research (GENYO), Parque tecnológico de la Salud (PTS) Granada, Granada, Spain.,Hematology Department, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Granada, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (IBs) Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Rafael Cáliz
- Genomic Oncology Area, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research (GENYO), Parque tecnológico de la Salud (PTS) Granada, Granada, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (IBs) Granada, Granada, Spain.,Department of Rheumatology, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Granada, Spain
| | - Miguel Ángel López-Nevot
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (IBs) Granada, Granada, Spain.,Immunology Department, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Granada, Spain
| | - Antonio José Cabrera-Serrano
- Genomic Oncology Area, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research (GENYO), Parque tecnológico de la Salud (PTS) Granada, Granada, Spain.,Hematology Department, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Granada, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (IBs) Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Ana Moñiz-Díez
- Genomic Oncology Area, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research (GENYO), Parque tecnológico de la Salud (PTS) Granada, Granada, Spain.,Hematology Department, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Granada, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (IBs) Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Helena Canhão
- EpiDoC Unit, CEDOC, NOVA Medical School and National School of Public Health, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.,Comprehensive Health Research Center (CHRC), NOVA Medical School, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Rob Ter Horst
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Luca Quartuccio
- Department of Medical Area, Clinic of Rheumatology, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Signe B Sorensen
- Molecular Diagnostic and Clinical Research Unit, IRS-Center Sonderjylland, University Hospital of Southern Jutland, Aabenraa, Denmark.,Institute of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Bente Glintborg
- The Danish Rheumatologic Biobank and Copenhagen Center for Arthritis Research (DANBIO) Registry, The Danish Rheumatologic Biobank and Copenhagen Center for Arthritis Research (COPECARE), Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Centre of Head and Orthopaedics, Rigshospitalet, Glostrup, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Merete L Hetland
- The Danish Rheumatologic Biobank and Copenhagen Center for Arthritis Research (DANBIO) Registry, The Danish Rheumatologic Biobank and Copenhagen Center for Arthritis Research (COPECARE), Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Centre of Head and Orthopaedics, Rigshospitalet, Glostrup, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ileana Filipescu
- Rheumatology Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Hatieganu", Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Eva Pérez-Pampin
- Rheumatology Unit, University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Pablo Conesa-Zamora
- Clinical Analysis Department, Santa Lucía University Hospital, Cartagena, Spain
| | - Jerzy Swierkot
- Department of Rheumatology and Internal Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Alfons A den Broeder
- Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Department of Rheumatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Salvatore De Vita
- Department of Medical Area, Clinic of Rheumatology, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Eva Rabing Brix Petersen
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, University Hospital of Southern Jutland, Aabenraa, Denmark
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands.,Centre for Individualised Infection Medicine (CiiM) & Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research (TWINCORE), Helmholtz-Centre for Infection Research (HZI) and The Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany
| | - Miguel A Ferrer
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (IBs) Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Alejandro Escudero
- Rheumatology Department, Reina Sofía Hospital/Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC)/University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Mihai G Netea
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands.,Department for Immunology & Metabolism, Life and Medical Sciences Institute (LIMES), University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Marieke J H Coenen
- Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Vibeke Andersen
- Department of Medical Area, Clinic of Rheumatology, University of Udine, Udine, Italy.,Molecular Diagnostic and Clinical Research Unit, IRS-Center Sonderjylland, University Hospital of Southern Jutland, Aabenraa, Denmark.,Institute of Regional Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - João E Fonseca
- Rheumatology and Metabolic Bone Diseases Department, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte (CHLN), Lisbon, Portugal.,Rheumatology Research Unit, Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon Academic Medical Center, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Manuel Jurado
- Genomic Oncology Area, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research (GENYO), Parque tecnológico de la Salud (PTS) Granada, Granada, Spain.,Hematology Department, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Granada, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (IBs) Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Katarzyna Bogunia-Kubik
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Eduardo Collantes
- Rheumatology Department, Reina Sofía Hospital/Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC)/University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Juan Sainz
- Genomic Oncology Area, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research (GENYO), Parque tecnológico de la Salud (PTS) Granada, Granada, Spain.,Hematology Department, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Granada, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (IBs) Granada, Granada, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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29
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Eggert J, Au-Yeung BB. Functional heterogeneity and adaptation of naive T cells in response to tonic TCR signals. Curr Opin Immunol 2021; 73:43-49. [PMID: 34653787 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2021.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Mature CD4+ and CD8+ T cells constitutively experience weak T cell receptor (TCR) stimulation in response to self-antigens, termed tonic (or basal) signaling. How tonic TCR signal strength impacts T cell responses to foreign antigens is an active area of investigation. Such studies rely on surrogate markers of tonic signal strength, including CD5, Ly6C, and transgenic reporters of Nr4a genes. Recent research indicates that strong tonic TCR signal strength influences basal T cell metabolism, effector differentiation, and TCR signal transduction. T cells that experience the strongest tonic TCR signaling exhibit features of T cell activation and negative regulation. These data suggest a model whereby adaptation to tonic signaling has lasting effects that alter T cell activation and differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel Eggert
- Division of Immunology, Lowance Center for Human Immunology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, United States
| | - Byron B Au-Yeung
- Division of Immunology, Lowance Center for Human Immunology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, United States.
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30
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An in vitro platform supports generation of human innate lymphoid cells from CD34 + hematopoietic progenitors that recapitulate ex vivo identity. Immunity 2021; 54:2417-2432.e5. [PMID: 34453879 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2021.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are critical effectors of innate immunity and inflammation, whose development and activation pathways make for attractive therapeutic targets. However, human ILC generation has not been systematically explored, and previous in vitro investigations relied on the analysis of few markers or cytokines, which are suboptimal to assign lineage identity. Here, we developed a platform that reliably generated human ILC lineages from CD34+ hematopoietic progenitors derived from cord blood and bone marrow. We showed that one culture condition is insufficient to generate all ILC subsets, and instead, distinct combination of cytokines and Notch signaling are essential. The identity of natural killer (NK)/ILC1s, ILC2s, and ILC3s generated in vitro was validated by protein expression, functional assays, and both global and single-cell transcriptome analysis, recapitulating the signatures and functions of their ex vivo ILC counterparts. These data represent a resource to aid in clarifying ILC biology and differentiation.
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31
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Kwesi-Maliepaard EM, Jacobs H, van Leeuwen F. Signals for antigen-independent differentiation of memory CD8 + T cells. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:6395-6408. [PMID: 34398252 PMCID: PMC8558200 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-03912-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Conventional CD8+ memory T cells develop upon stimulation with foreign antigen and provide increased protection upon re-challenge. Over the past two decades, new subsets of CD8+ T cells have been identified that acquire memory features independently of antigen exposure. These antigen-inexperienced memory T cells (TAIM) are described under several names including innate memory, virtual memory, and memory phenotype. TAIM cells exhibit characteristics of conventional or true memory cells, including antigen-specific responses. In addition, they show responsiveness to innate stimuli and have been suggested to provide additional levels of protection toward infections and cancer. Here, we discuss the current understanding of TAIM cells, focusing on extrinsic and intrinsic molecular conditions that favor their development, their molecular definitions and immunological properties, as well as their transcriptional and epigenetic regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Heinz Jacobs
- Division of Tumor Biology and Immunology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Fred van Leeuwen
- Division of Gene Regulation, Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Department of Medical Biology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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32
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Interdonato A, Choblet S, Sana M, Valgardsdottir R, Cribioli S, Alzani R, Roth M, Duonor-Cerutti M, Golay J. BL-01, an Fc-bearing, tetravalent CD20 × CD5 bispecific antibody, redirects multiple immune cells to kill tumors in vitro and in vivo. Cytotherapy 2021; 24:161-171. [PMID: 34538717 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2021.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AIMS The authors describe here a novel therapeutic strategy combining a bispecific antibody (bsAb) with cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells. METHODS The authors have designed, produced and purified a novel tetravalent IgG1-like CD20 × CD5 bsAb called BL-01. The bsAb is composed of a fused heavy chain and two free light chains that pair correctly to the heavy chain sequences thanks to complementary mutations in the monoclonal antibody 2 CH1/CL sequences. RESULTS The authors show that BL-01 can bind specifically to CD20 and CD5 with an affinity of 4-6 nM, demonstrating correct pairing of two light chains to the fused heavy chain. The CD20 × CD5 BL-01 bsAb has a functional human IgG1 Fc and can induce up to 65% complement-dependent cytotoxicity of a CD20+ lymphoma cell line in the presence of human complement, similar to anti-CD20 rituximab. The bsAb also induces significant natural killer cell activation and antibody-dependent cytotoxicity of up to 25% as well as up to 65% phagocytosis by human macrophages in the presence of CD20+ tumor cells. The BL-01 bsAb binds to CD20 and CD5 simultaneously and can redirect CIK cells in vitro to kill CD20+ targets, increasing the cytotoxicity of CIK cells by about 3-fold. The authors finally show that the CD20 × CD5 BL-01 bsAb synergizes with CIK cells in vivo in controlling tumor growth and prolonging survival of nonobese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficiency mice inoculated with a patient-derived, aggressive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma xenograft. CONCLUSIONS The authors suggest that the efficacy of bsAb in vivo is due to the combined activation of innate immunity by Fc and redirection of CIK cells to kill the tumor target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Interdonato
- Division of Hematology, Center of Cellular Therapy "G. Lanzani," Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Sylvie Choblet
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UAR3426 "Baculovirus et Thérapie," Saint-Christol-Lez Alès, France
| | - Mirco Sana
- Division of Hematology, Center of Cellular Therapy "G. Lanzani," Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Rut Valgardsdottir
- Division of Hematology, Center of Cellular Therapy "G. Lanzani," Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | | | | | - Muriel Roth
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UAR3426 "Baculovirus et Thérapie," Saint-Christol-Lez Alès, France
| | - Martine Duonor-Cerutti
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UAR3426 "Baculovirus et Thérapie," Saint-Christol-Lez Alès, France
| | - Josée Golay
- Division of Hematology, Center of Cellular Therapy "G. Lanzani," Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy; Fondazione per la Ricerca Ospedale Maggiore, Bergamo, Italy.
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33
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Mori D, Grégoire C, Voisinne G, Celis-Gutierrez J, Aussel R, Girard L, Camus M, Marcellin M, Argenty J, Burlet-Schiltz O, Fiore F, Gonzalez de Peredo A, Malissen M, Roncagalli R, Malissen B. The T cell CD6 receptor operates a multitask signalosome with opposite functions in T cell activation. J Exp Med 2021; 218:211516. [PMID: 33125054 PMCID: PMC7608068 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20201011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
To determine the respective contribution of the LAT transmembrane adaptor and CD5 and CD6 transmembrane receptors to early TCR signal propagation, diversification, and termination, we describe a CRISPR/Cas9-based platform that uses primary mouse T cells and permits establishment of the composition of their LAT, CD5, and CD6 signalosomes in only 4 mo using quantitative mass spectrometry. We confirmed that positive and negative functions can be solely assigned to the LAT and CD5 signalosomes, respectively. In contrast, the TCR-inducible CD6 signalosome comprised both positive (SLP-76, ZAP70, VAV1) and negative (UBASH3A/STS-2) regulators of T cell activation. Moreover, CD6 associated independently of TCR engagement to proteins that support its implication in inflammatory pathologies necessitating T cell transendothelial migration. The multifaceted role of CD6 unveiled here accounts for past difficulties in classifying it as a coinhibitor or costimulator. Congruent with our identification of UBASH3A within the CD6 signalosome and the view that CD6 constitutes a promising target for autoimmune disease treatment, single-nucleotide polymorphisms associated with human autoimmune diseases have been found in the Cd6 and Ubash3a genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiki Mori
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Aix Marseille Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Marseille, France.,Centre d'Immunophénomique, Aix Marseille Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Marseille, France
| | - Claude Grégoire
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Aix Marseille Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Marseille, France
| | - Guillaume Voisinne
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Aix Marseille Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Marseille, France
| | - Javier Celis-Gutierrez
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Aix Marseille Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Marseille, France.,Centre d'Immunophénomique, Aix Marseille Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Marseille, France
| | - Rudy Aussel
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Aix Marseille Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Marseille, France
| | - Laura Girard
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Aix Marseille Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Marseille, France.,Centre d'Immunophénomique, Aix Marseille Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Marseille, France
| | - Mylène Camus
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Université de Toulouse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Marlène Marcellin
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Université de Toulouse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Jérémy Argenty
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Aix Marseille Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Marseille, France
| | - Odile Burlet-Schiltz
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Université de Toulouse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Frédéric Fiore
- Centre d'Immunophénomique, Aix Marseille Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Marseille, France
| | - Anne Gonzalez de Peredo
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Université de Toulouse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Marie Malissen
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Aix Marseille Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Marseille, France.,Centre d'Immunophénomique, Aix Marseille Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Marseille, France
| | - Romain Roncagalli
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Aix Marseille Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Marseille, France
| | - Bernard Malissen
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Aix Marseille Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Marseille, France.,Centre d'Immunophénomique, Aix Marseille Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Marseille, France
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34
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Maglie R, Ugolini F, De Logu F, Nassini R, Simi S, Nardiello P, Pasqualini E, Baroni G, Del Bianco E, Massi D, Antiga E. Overexpression of helper T cell type 2-related molecules in the skin of patients with eosinophilic dermatosis of hematologic malignancy. J Am Acad Dermatol 2021; 87:761-770. [PMID: 34265409 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2021.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Eosinophilic dermatosis of hematologic malignancy (EDHM) is a rare dermatosis associated with blood tumors. OBJECTIVE To characterize the expression of T-cell and B-cell markers and pruritogenic mediators in EDHM skin. METHODS Immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence analysis were performed in 12 skin samples of EDHM, 11 samples of bullous pemphigoid (BP), and 5 samples from healthy controls (HC). Serum levels of interleukin (IL) 4 were analyzed in 11 patients with EDHM, 11 BP patients, and 5 HC by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS T-cell markers, including clusters of differentiation (CD) 3, CD4, CD8, and CD5 were significantly overexpressed in EDHM and BP skin compared to HC. A predominance of CD4+ over CD8+ cells and GATA3+ (helper T cell type 2 [Th2] marker) over T-bet+ (Th1 marker) cells were observed. FOXP3 expression was increased but the FOXP3/CD4 ratio was low. B-cell markers were under-represented, without significant differences between the 3 groups. IL-4 and IL-31 were significantly overexpressed in EDHM and BP compared to HC and colocalized with the Th2-associated marker GATA3. Eotaxin-1 was significantly overexpressed in EDHM compared to BP and HC. IL-4 serum concentration was significantly increased in EDHM and BP compared to HC. LIMITATIONS Small sample size; retrospective design. CONCLUSIONS Targeting Th2-related molecules, in particular IL-4, holds promise for EDHM management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Maglie
- Department of Health Sciences, Section of Dermatology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
| | - Filippo Ugolini
- Department of Health Sciences, Section of Pathological Anatomy, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesco De Logu
- Department of Health Sciences, Section of Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Romina Nassini
- Department of Health Sciences, Section of Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Sara Simi
- Department of Health Sciences, Section of Pathological Anatomy, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Pamela Nardiello
- Department of Health Sciences, Section of Pathological Anatomy, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Elisa Pasqualini
- Department of Health Sciences, Section of Pathological Anatomy, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Gianna Baroni
- Department of Health Sciences, Section of Pathological Anatomy, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Elena Del Bianco
- Department of Health Sciences, Section of Dermatology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Daniela Massi
- Department of Health Sciences, Section of Pathological Anatomy, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Emiliano Antiga
- Department of Health Sciences, Section of Dermatology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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35
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Contribution of Evolutionary Selected Immune Gene Polymorphism to Immune-Related Disorders: The Case of Lymphocyte Scavenger Receptors CD5 and CD6. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22105315. [PMID: 34070159 PMCID: PMC8158487 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22105315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Pathogens are one of the main selective pressures that ancestral humans had to adapt to. Components of the immune response system have been preferential targets of natural selection in response to such pathogen-driven pressure. In turn, there is compelling evidence showing that positively selected immune gene variants conferring increased resistance to past or present infectious agents are today associated with increased risk for autoimmune or inflammatory disorders but decreased risk of cancer, the other side of the same coin. CD5 and CD6 are lymphocytic scavenger receptors at the interphase of the innate and adaptive immune responses since they are involved in both: (i) microbial-associated pattern recognition; and (ii) modulation of intracellular signals mediated by the clonotypic antigen-specific receptor present in T and B cells (TCR and BCR, respectively). Here, we review available information on CD5 and CD6 as targets of natural selection as well as on the role of CD5 and CD6 variation in autoimmunity and cancer.
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36
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Blevins LK, Zhou J, Crawford RB, Kaminski NE. Identification of a Sensitive Human Immunological Target of Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Activation: CD5 + Innate-Like B Cells. Front Immunol 2021; 12:635748. [PMID: 33936048 PMCID: PMC8082145 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.635748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Xenobiotic-mediated activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is immunotoxic in a number of immune cell types, with the B cell being a well-established sensitive target. Recent advances have provided evidence that the B cell repertoire is a heterogeneous population, with subpopulations exhibiting vastly different cellular and functional phenotypes. Recent work from our laboratory identified the T cell specific kinase lck as being differentially regulated by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), which is a potent activator of AHR. While LCK is primarily expressed in T cells, a subset of CD5+ B cells also express LCK. CD5 positivity describes a broad class of B lymphocytes termed innate-like B cells (ILBs) that are critical mediators of innate immunity through constitutive secretion of polyvalent natural immunoglobulin M (IgM). We hypothesized that CD5+ ILBs may be sensitive to AHR-mediated immunotoxicity. Indeed, when CD5+ B cells were isolated from the CD19+ pool and treated with TCDD, they showed increased suppression of the CD40 ligand-induced IgM response compared to CD5- B cells. Further, characterization of the CD5+ population indicated increased basal expression of AHR, AHR repressor (AHRR), and cytochrome p450 family 1 member a1 (CYP1A1). Indeed the levels of AHR-mediated suppression of the IgM response from individual donors strongly correlated with the percentage of the B cell pool that was CD5+, suggesting that CD5+ B cells are more sensitive to AHR-mediated impairment. Together these data highlight the sensitive nature of CD5+ ILBs to AHR activation and provide insight into mechanisms associated with AHR activation in human B cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lance K Blevins
- Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Jiajun Zhou
- Department of Microbiology & Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Robert B Crawford
- Department of Toxicology & Pharmacology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Norbert E Kaminski
- Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States.,Department of Toxicology & Pharmacology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States.,Center for Research on Ingredient Safety, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
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37
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Velasco-de Andrés M, Català C, Casadó-Llombart S, Martínez-Florensa M, Simões I, García-Luna J, Mourglia-Ettlin G, Zaragoza Ó, Carreras E, Lozano F. The Lymphocytic Scavenger Receptor CD5 Shows Therapeutic Potential in Mouse Models of Fungal Infection. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2020; 65:e01103-20. [PMID: 33046489 PMCID: PMC7927855 DOI: 10.1128/aac.01103-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Invasive fungal diseases represent an unmet clinical need that could benefit from novel immunotherapeutic approaches. Host pattern recognition receptors (e.g., Toll-like receptors, C-type lectins, or scavenger receptors) that sense conserved fungal cell wall constituents may provide suitable immunotherapeutic antifungal agents. Thus, we explored the therapeutic potential of the lymphocyte class I scavenger receptor CD5, a nonredundant component of the antifungal host immune response that binds to fungal β-glucans. Antifungal properties of the soluble ectodomain of human CD5 (shCD5) were assessed in vivo in experimental models of systemic fungal infection induced by pathogenic species (Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans). In vitro mechanistic studies were performed by means of fungus-spleen cell cocultures. shCD5-induced survival of lethally infected mice was dose and time dependent and concomitant with reduced fungal load and increased leukocyte infiltration in the primary target organ. Additive effects were observed in vivo after shCD5 was combined with suboptimal doses of fluconazole. Ex vivo addition of shCD5 to fungus-spleen cell cocultures increased the release of proinflammatory cytokines involved in antifungal defense (tumor necrosis factor alpha and gamma interferon) and reduced the number of viable C. albicans organisms. The results prompt further exploration of the adjunctive therapeutic potential of shCD5 in severe invasive fungal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Velasco-de Andrés
- Immunoreceptors of the Innate and Adaptive System, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Català
- Immunoreceptors of the Innate and Adaptive System, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sergi Casadó-Llombart
- Immunoreceptors of the Innate and Adaptive System, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mario Martínez-Florensa
- Immunoreceptors of the Innate and Adaptive System, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Inês Simões
- Immunoreceptors of the Innate and Adaptive System, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joaquín García-Luna
- Área Inmunología, Facultad de Química/Facultad de Ciencias, DEPBIO/IQB, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Gustavo Mourglia-Ettlin
- Área Inmunología, Facultad de Química/Facultad de Ciencias, DEPBIO/IQB, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Óscar Zaragoza
- Mycology Reference Laboratory, National Centre for Microbiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Spain
| | - Esther Carreras
- Immunoreceptors of the Innate and Adaptive System, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francisco Lozano
- Immunoreceptors of the Innate and Adaptive System, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
- Servei d'Immunologia, Centre de Diagnòstic Biomèdic, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Biomedicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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38
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Velasco-de Andrés M, Casadó-Llombart S, Català C, Leyton-Pereira A, Lozano F, Aranda F. Soluble CD5 and CD6: Lymphocytic Class I Scavenger Receptors as Immunotherapeutic Agents. Cells 2020; 9:cells9122589. [PMID: 33287301 PMCID: PMC7761703 DOI: 10.3390/cells9122589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
CD5 and CD6 are closely related signal-transducing class I scavenger receptors mainly expressed on lymphocytes. Both receptors are involved in the modulation of the activation and differentiation cell processes triggered by clonotypic antigen-specific receptors present on T and B cells (TCR and BCR, respectively). To serve such a relevant immunomodulatory function, the extracellular region of CD5 and CD6 interacts with soluble and/or cell-bound endogenous counterreceptors but also microbial-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs). Evidence from genetically-modified mouse models indicates that the absence or blockade of CD5- and CD6-mediated signals results in dysregulated immune responses, which may be deleterious or advantageous in some pathological conditions, such as infection, cancer or autoimmunity. Bench to bedside translation from transgenic data is constrained by ethical concerns which can be overcome by exogenous administration of soluble proteins acting as decoy receptors and leading to transient “functional knockdown”. This review gathers information currently available on the therapeutic efficacy of soluble CD5 and CD6 receptor infusion in different experimental models of disease. The existing proof-of-concept warrants the interest of soluble CD5 and CD6 as safe and efficient immunotherapeutic agents in diverse and relevant pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Velasco-de Andrés
- Immunoreceptors del Sistema Innat i Adaptatiu, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (M.V.-d.A.); (S.C.-L.); (C.C.); (A.L.-P.)
| | - Sergi Casadó-Llombart
- Immunoreceptors del Sistema Innat i Adaptatiu, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (M.V.-d.A.); (S.C.-L.); (C.C.); (A.L.-P.)
| | - Cristina Català
- Immunoreceptors del Sistema Innat i Adaptatiu, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (M.V.-d.A.); (S.C.-L.); (C.C.); (A.L.-P.)
| | - Alejandra Leyton-Pereira
- Immunoreceptors del Sistema Innat i Adaptatiu, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (M.V.-d.A.); (S.C.-L.); (C.C.); (A.L.-P.)
| | - Francisco Lozano
- Immunoreceptors del Sistema Innat i Adaptatiu, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (M.V.-d.A.); (S.C.-L.); (C.C.); (A.L.-P.)
- Servei d’Immunologia, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Immunoregulació de la Resposta Innata i Adaptativa, Department de Biomedicina, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence: (F.L.); (F.A.)
| | - Fernando Aranda
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación de Navarra (IDISNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Correspondence: (F.L.); (F.A.)
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Novel human immunomodulatory T cell receptors and their double-edged potential in autoimmunity, cardiovascular disease and cancer. Cell Mol Immunol 2020; 18:919-935. [PMID: 33235388 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-020-00586-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last decade, approaches based on T cells and their immunomodulatory receptors have emerged as a solid improvement in treatments for various types of cancer. However, the roles of these molecules in the therapeutic context of autoimmune and cardiovascular diseases are still relatively unexplored. Here, we review the best known and most commonly used immunomodulatory T cell receptors in clinical practice (PD-1 and CTLA-4), along with the rest of the receptors with known functions in animal models, which have great potential as modulators in human pathologies in the medium term. Among these other receptors is the receptor CD69, which has recently been described to be expressed in mouse and human T cells in autoimmune and cardiovascular diseases and cancer. However, inhibition of these receptors individually or in combination by drugs or monoclonal antibodies generates a loss of immunological tolerance and can trigger multiple autoimmune disorders in different organs and immune-related adverse effects. In the coming decades, knowledge on the functions of different immunomodulatory receptors will be pivotal for the development of new and better therapies with less harmful side effects. In this review, we discuss the roles of these receptors in the control of immunity from a perspective focused on therapeutic potential in not only cancer but also autoimmune diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus, autoimmune diabetes and rheumatoid arthritis, and cardiovascular diseases, such as atherosclerosis, acute myocardial infarction, and myocarditis.
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Shang J, Zha H, Sun Y. Phenotypes, Functions, and Clinical Relevance of Regulatory B Cells in Cancer. Front Immunol 2020; 11:582657. [PMID: 33193391 PMCID: PMC7649814 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.582657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In immune system, B cells are classically positive modulators that regulate inflammation and immune responses. Regulatory B cells (Bregs) are a subset of B cells which play crucial roles in various conditions, including infection, allergies, autoimmune diseases, transplantation, and tumors. Until now, unequivocal surface markers for Bregs still lack consensus, although numerous Breg subsets have been identified. Generally, Bregs exert their immunoregulatory functions mainly through cytokine secretion and intercellular contact. In the tumor microenvironment, Bregs suppress effector T cells, induce regulatory T cells and target other tumor-infiltrating immune cells, such as myeloid-derived suppressor cells, natural killer cells and macrophages, to hamper anti-tumor immunity. Meanwhile, the cross-regulations between Bregs and tumor cells often result in tumor escape from immunosurveillance. In addition, accumulating evidence suggests that Bregs are closely associated with many clinicopathological factors of cancer patients and might be potential biomarkers for accessing patient survival. Thus, Bregs are potential therapeutic targets for future immunotherapy in cancer patients. In this review, we will discuss the phenotypes, functions, and clinical relevance of Bregs in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Shang
- Department of Health Service, Guard Bureau of the Joint Staff Department, Central Military Commission of PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Haoran Zha
- Department of Oncology, PLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yufa Sun
- Department of Health Service, Guard Bureau of the Joint Staff Department, Central Military Commission of PLA, Beijing, China
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Laubreton D, Drajac C, Eléouët JF, Rameix-Welti MA, Lo-Man R, Riffault S, Descamps D. Regulatory B Lymphocytes Colonize the Respiratory Tract of Neonatal Mice and Modulate Immune Responses of Alveolar Macrophages to RSV Infection in IL-10-Dependant Manner. Viruses 2020; 12:v12080822. [PMID: 32751234 PMCID: PMC7472339 DOI: 10.3390/v12080822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the prevalent pathogen of lower respiratory tract infections in children. The presence of neonatal regulatory B lymphocytes (nBreg) has been associated with a poor control of RSV infection in human newborns and with bronchiolitis severity. So far, little is known about how nBreg may contribute to neonatal immunopathology to RSV. We tracked nBreg in neonatal BALB/c mice and we investigated their impact on lung innate immunity, especially their crosstalk with alveolar macrophages (AMs) upon RSV infection. We showed that the colonization by nBreg during the first week of life is a hallmark of neonatal lung whereas this population is almost absent in adult lung. This particular period of age when nBreg are abundant corresponds to the same period when RSV replication in lungs fails to generate a type-I interferons (IFN-I) response and is not contained. When neonatal AMs are exposed to RSV in vitro, they produce IFN-I that in turn enhances IL-10 production by nBreg. IL-10 reciprocally can decrease IFN-I secretion by AMs. Thus, our work identified nBreg as an important component of neonatal lungs and pointed out new immunoregulatory interactions with AMs in the context of RSV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daphné Laubreton
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, UVSQ, VIM, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France; (D.L.); (C.D.); (J.-F.E.)
| | - Carole Drajac
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, UVSQ, VIM, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France; (D.L.); (C.D.); (J.-F.E.)
| | - Jean-François Eléouët
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, UVSQ, VIM, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France; (D.L.); (C.D.); (J.-F.E.)
| | - Marie-Anne Rameix-Welti
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, Infection et Inflammation, U1173, 78180 Montigny-Le-Bretonneux, France;
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie, Hôpital Ambroise Paré, AP-HP, 92100 Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Richard Lo-Man
- The Center for Microbes, Development and Health, Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Unit Immunity and Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Institute Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China;
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Sabine Riffault
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, UVSQ, VIM, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France; (D.L.); (C.D.); (J.-F.E.)
- Correspondence: (S.R.); (D.D.); Tel.: +(33)-01-34-65-26-20 (S.R.); +(33)-01-34-65-26-10 (D.D.)
| | - Delphyne Descamps
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, UVSQ, VIM, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France; (D.L.); (C.D.); (J.-F.E.)
- Correspondence: (S.R.); (D.D.); Tel.: +(33)-01-34-65-26-20 (S.R.); +(33)-01-34-65-26-10 (D.D.)
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Four genes predict the survival of osteosarcoma patients based on TARGET database. J Bioenerg Biomembr 2020; 52:291-299. [PMID: 32514876 DOI: 10.1007/s10863-020-09836-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma represents one of the most aggressive tumors of bone among adolescents and young adults. Despite improvements in treatment, osteosarcoma has a grave prognosis. The identification of prognostic factors is still in its infancy. Weighted gene correlation network analysis (WGCNA) was conducted on mRNA-sequencing and clinical information (gender, survival and metastasis) of osteosarcoma patients from the TARGET database to obtain genes in modules associated with metastasis of osteosarcoma. The Cox regression analysis was then performed on the gene expression profile from TARGET to screen genes associated with patients' survival. Known genes related to osteosarcoma were obtained by intersecting osteosarcoma-related genes from DisGeNET and DiGSeE, followed by the construction of PPI network of osteosarcoma-related genes and survival-related genes in modules. The screened key genes were subject to multi-factor Cox proportional hazards model, and osteosarcoma patients were classified into high- and low- risk groups according to the risk score to evaluate the potential of key genes to predict the survival of osteosarcoma patients. The WGCNA showed that 4 genes in tan and 19 genes in pink modules were related to the survival of osteosarcoma patients. Osteosarcoma-related known genes (9) were obtained in intersection of DisGeNET and DiGSeE. PPI network identified 4 key genes (KRT5, HIPK2, MAP3K5 and CD5) closely associated with survival of osteosarcoma patients. HIPK2, MAP3K5 and CD5 expression was inversely correlated with survival risk, while KRT5 expression was positively correlated with survival risk. These results show KRT5, HIPK2, MAP3K5 and CD5 serve as prognostic factors of osteosarcoma patients.
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Riedel R, Addo R, Ferreira-Gomes M, Heinz GA, Heinrich F, Kummer J, Greiff V, Schulz D, Klaeden C, Cornelis R, Menzel U, Kröger S, Stervbo U, Köhler R, Haftmann C, Kühnel S, Lehmann K, Maschmeyer P, McGrath M, Naundorf S, Hahne S, Sercan-Alp Ö, Siracusa F, Stefanowski J, Weber M, Westendorf K, Zimmermann J, Hauser AE, Reddy ST, Durek P, Chang HD, Mashreghi MF, Radbruch A. Discrete populations of isotype-switched memory B lymphocytes are maintained in murine spleen and bone marrow. Nat Commun 2020; 11:2570. [PMID: 32444631 PMCID: PMC7244721 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-16464-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
At present, it is not clear how memory B lymphocytes are maintained over time, and whether only as circulating cells or also residing in particular tissues. Here we describe distinct populations of isotype-switched memory B lymphocytes (Bsm) of murine spleen and bone marrow, identified according to individual transcriptional signature and B cell receptor repertoire. A population of marginal zone-like cells is located exclusively in the spleen, while a population of quiescent Bsm is found only in the bone marrow. Three further resident populations, present in spleen and bone marrow, represent transitional and follicular B cells and B1 cells, respectively. A population representing 10-20% of spleen and bone marrow memory B cells is the only one qualifying as circulating. In the bone marrow, all cells individually dock onto VCAM1+ stromal cells and, reminiscent of resident memory T and plasma cells, are void of activation, proliferation and mobility.
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Affiliation(s)
- René Riedel
- Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum (DRFZ), an Institute of the Leibniz Association, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Evolutionary Genomics Group, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, 24306, Plön, Germany
| | - Richard Addo
- Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum (DRFZ), an Institute of the Leibniz Association, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marta Ferreira-Gomes
- Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum (DRFZ), an Institute of the Leibniz Association, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gitta Anne Heinz
- Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum (DRFZ), an Institute of the Leibniz Association, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Frederik Heinrich
- Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum (DRFZ), an Institute of the Leibniz Association, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jannis Kummer
- Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum (DRFZ), an Institute of the Leibniz Association, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Victor Greiff
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH Zürich), CH-4058, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, 0424, Oslo, Norway
| | - Daniel Schulz
- Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum (DRFZ), an Institute of the Leibniz Association, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Cora Klaeden
- Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum (DRFZ), an Institute of the Leibniz Association, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Rebecca Cornelis
- Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum (DRFZ), an Institute of the Leibniz Association, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulrike Menzel
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH Zürich), CH-4058, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Kröger
- Knowledge Management in Bioinformatics, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 12489, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Robert Koch Institute, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulrik Stervbo
- Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum (DRFZ), an Institute of the Leibniz Association, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ralf Köhler
- Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum (DRFZ), an Institute of the Leibniz Association, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Claudia Haftmann
- Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum (DRFZ), an Institute of the Leibniz Association, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Experimental Immunology, Universitätsspital Zürich, 8057, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Silvia Kühnel
- Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum (DRFZ), an Institute of the Leibniz Association, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Katrin Lehmann
- Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum (DRFZ), an Institute of the Leibniz Association, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Patrick Maschmeyer
- Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum (DRFZ), an Institute of the Leibniz Association, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mairi McGrath
- Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum (DRFZ), an Institute of the Leibniz Association, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sandra Naundorf
- Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum (DRFZ), an Institute of the Leibniz Association, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefanie Hahne
- Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum (DRFZ), an Institute of the Leibniz Association, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Özen Sercan-Alp
- Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum (DRFZ), an Institute of the Leibniz Association, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- R&D, TA Immunology & Inflammation Research, Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH, Industriepark Hoechst, 65926, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Francesco Siracusa
- Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum (DRFZ), an Institute of the Leibniz Association, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jonathan Stefanowski
- Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum (DRFZ), an Institute of the Leibniz Association, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Melanie Weber
- Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum (DRFZ), an Institute of the Leibniz Association, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kerstin Westendorf
- Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum (DRFZ), an Institute of the Leibniz Association, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jakob Zimmermann
- Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum (DRFZ), an Institute of the Leibniz Association, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, 3008, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Anja E Hauser
- Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum (DRFZ), an Institute of the Leibniz Association, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sai T Reddy
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH Zürich), CH-4058, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Pawel Durek
- Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum (DRFZ), an Institute of the Leibniz Association, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hyun-Dong Chang
- Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum (DRFZ), an Institute of the Leibniz Association, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mir-Farzin Mashreghi
- Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum (DRFZ), an Institute of the Leibniz Association, 10117, Berlin, Germany.
- BCRT/DRFZ Single-Cell Laboratory for Advanced Cellular Therapies - Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), 13353, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Andreas Radbruch
- Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum (DRFZ), an Institute of the Leibniz Association, 10117, Berlin, Germany.
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Velasco-de-Andrés M, Català C, Casadó-Llombart S, Simões I, Zaragoza O, Carreras E, Lozano F. The lymphocyte scavenger receptor CD5 plays a nonredundant role in fungal infection. Cell Mol Immunol 2020; 18:498-500. [PMID: 32332900 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-020-0434-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- María Velasco-de-Andrés
- Immunoreceptors of the Innate and Adaptive System, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Català
- Immunoreceptors of the Innate and Adaptive System, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sergi Casadó-Llombart
- Immunoreceptors of the Innate and Adaptive System, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Inês Simões
- Immunoreceptors of the Innate and Adaptive System, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Oscar Zaragoza
- Mycology Reference Laboratory, National Centre for Microbiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28220, Majadahonda, Spain
| | - Esther Carreras
- Immunoreceptors of the Innate and Adaptive System, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francisco Lozano
- Immunoreceptors of the Innate and Adaptive System, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, 08036, Barcelona, Spain. .,Servei d'Immunologia, Centre de Diagnòstic Biomèdic, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, 08036, Barcelona, Spain. .,Departament de Biomedicina, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036, Barcelona, Spain.
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Age-related transcriptional modules and TF-miRNA-mRNA interactions in neonatal and infant human thymus. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0227547. [PMID: 32294112 PMCID: PMC7159188 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0227547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The human thymus suffers a transient neonatal involution, recovers and then starts a process of decline between the 1st and 2nd years of life. Age-related morphological changes in thymus were extensively investigated, but the genomic mechanisms underlying this process remain largely unknown. Through Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) and TF-miRNA-mRNA integrative analysis we studied the transcriptome of neonate and infant thymic tissues grouped by age: 0–30 days (A); 31days-6 months (B); 7–12 months (C); 13–18 months (D); 19-31months (E). Age-related transcriptional modules, hubs and high gene significance (HGS) genes were identified, as well as TF-miRNA-hub/HGS co-expression correlations. Three transcriptional modules were correlated with A and/or E groups. Hubs were mostly related to cellular/metabolic processes; few were differentially expressed (DE) or related to T-cell development. Inversely, HGS genes in groups A and E were mostly DE. In A (neonate) one third of the hyper-expressed HGS genes were related to T-cell development, against one-twentieth in E, what may correlate with the early neonatal depletion and recovery of thymic T-cell populations. This genomic mechanism is tightly regulated by TF-miRNA-hub/HGS interactions that differentially govern cellular and molecular processes involved in the functioning of the neonate thymus and in the beginning of thymic decline.
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Reichhardt MP, Loimaranta V, Lea SM, Johnson S. Structures of SALSA/DMBT1 SRCR domains reveal the conserved ligand-binding mechanism of the ancient SRCR fold. Life Sci Alliance 2020; 3:3/4/e201900502. [PMID: 32098784 PMCID: PMC7043408 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.201900502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The structures of SALSA SRCR domains 1 and 8 reveal a cation-dependent mechanism for ligand recognition, contributing to important roles in the immune system and cellular signalling. The cation-binding sites are conserved across all SRCR domains, suggesting conserved functional mechanisms. The scavenger receptor cysteine-rich (SRCR) family of proteins comprises more than 20 membrane-associated and secreted molecules. Characterised by the presence of one or more copies of the ∼110 amino-acid SRCR domain, this class of proteins have widespread functions as antimicrobial molecules, scavenger receptors, and signalling receptors. Despite the high level of structural conservation of SRCR domains, no unifying mechanism for ligand interaction has been described. The SRCR protein SALSA, also known as DMBT1/gp340, is a key player in mucosal immunology. Based on detailed structural data of SALSA SRCR domains 1 and 8, we here reveal a novel universal ligand-binding mechanism for SALSA ligands. The binding interface incorporates a dual cation-binding site, which is highly conserved across the SRCR superfamily. Along with the well-described cation dependency on most SRCR domain–ligand interactions, our data suggest that the binding mechanism described for the SALSA SRCR domains is applicable to all SRCR domains. We thus propose to have identified in SALSA a conserved functional mechanism for the SRCR class of proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Susan M Lea
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,Central Oxford Structural Molecular Imaging Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Steven Johnson
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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47
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Xu X, Deobagkar-Lele M, Bull KR, Crockford TL, Mead AJ, Cribbs AP, Sims D, Anzilotti C, Cornall RJ. An ontogenetic switch drives the positive and negative selection of B cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:3718-3727. [PMID: 32019891 PMCID: PMC7035474 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1915247117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Developing B cells can be positively or negatively selected by self-antigens, but the mechanisms that determine these outcomes are incompletely understood. Here, we show that a B cell intrinsic switch between positive and negative selection during ontogeny is determined by a change from Lin28b to let-7 gene expression. Ectopic expression of a Lin28b transgene in murine B cells restored the positive selection of autoreactive B-1 B cells by self-antigen in adult bone marrow. Analysis of antigen-specific immature B cells in early and late ontogeny identified Lin28b-dependent genes associated with B-1 B cell development, including Arid3a and Bhleh41, and Lin28b-independent effects are associated with the presence or absence of self-antigen. These findings identify cell intrinsic and extrinsic determinants of B cell fate during ontogeny and reconcile lineage and selection theories of B cell development. They explain how changes in the balance of positive and negative selection may be able to adapt to meet the immunological needs of an individual during its lifetime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xijin Xu
- Medical Research Council Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, OX3 9DS Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Mukta Deobagkar-Lele
- Medical Research Council Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, OX3 9DS Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Katherine R Bull
- Medical Research Council Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, OX3 9DS Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Tanya L Crockford
- Medical Research Council Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, OX3 9DS Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Adam J Mead
- Medical Research Council Molecular Haematology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, OX3 9DS Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Adam P Cribbs
- Medical Research Council, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Centre for Computational Biology, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, OX3 9DS Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - David Sims
- Medical Research Council, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Centre for Computational Biology, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, OX3 9DS Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Consuelo Anzilotti
- Medical Research Council Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, OX3 9DS Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Richard J Cornall
- Medical Research Council Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, OX3 9DS Oxford, United Kingdom;
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48
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Li H, Burgueño-Bucio E, Xu S, Das S, Olguin-Alor R, Elmets CA, Athar M, Raman C, Soldevila G, Xu H. CD5 on dendritic cells regulates CD4+ and CD8+ T cell activation and induction of immune responses. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0222301. [PMID: 31491023 PMCID: PMC6730919 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0222301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of CD5 as a regulator of T cell signaling and tolerance is well recognized. Recent data show expression of CD5 on different subtypes of human dendritic cells, however its functional relevance in modulating DC mediated responses remains poorly understood. In this study, we show CD5 is expressed on CD11c+ DC from murine thymus, lymph node, spleen, skin and lung. Although the development of DC subpopulations in CD5-/- mice was normal, CD5-deficient DC produced significantly higher levels of IL-12 than wild type DC in response to LPS. CD5-/- DC, in comparison to CD5+/+ DC, enhanced the activation of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in vitro and in vivo and induced significantly higher production of IL-2 and IFN-gamma by T cells. Consequently, CD5-/- DC were significantly more potent than wild type DC in the induction of anti-tumor immunity and contact hypersensitivity responses in mice. Restoration of CD5 expression in CD5-/- DC reduced IL-12 production and inhibited their capacity to stimulate T cells. Collectively, these data demonstrate that the specific expression of CD5 on DC inhibits the production of inflammatory cytokines and has a regulatory effect on their activity to stimulate T cells and induce immune responses. This study reveals a previously unrecognized regulatory role for CD5 on DC and provides novel insights into mechanisms for DC biology in immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham. Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Erica Burgueño-Bucio
- Department of Immunology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Shin Xu
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham. Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Shaonli Das
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham. Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Roxana Olguin-Alor
- Department of Immunology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Craig A. Elmets
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham. Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Mohammad Athar
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham. Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Chander Raman
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham. Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Gloria Soldevila
- Department of Immunology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Hui Xu
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham. Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
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49
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Adaptation by naïve CD4 + T cells to self-antigen-dependent TCR signaling induces functional heterogeneity and tolerance. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:15160-15169. [PMID: 31285342 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1904096116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Naïve CD4+ T cells experience weak T cell receptor (TCR) signals induced by self-peptides presented by MHC II. To investigate how these "basal" TCR signals influence responses to agonist TCR ligand stimulation, we analyzed naïve CD4+ cells expressing varying amounts of CD5, Ly6C, and Nur77-GFP, markers that reflect the strength of basal TCR signaling. Phenotypic analyses indicate that the broadest range of basal TCR signal strength can be visualized by a combination of Nur77-GFP and Ly6C. A range of basal TCR signaling is detectable even in populations that express identical TCRs. Whereas moderate basal TCR signal strength correlates with higher IL-2 secretion at early time points following TCR stimulation, weak basal TCR signaling correlated with higher IL-2 secretion at later time points. We identify a population of Nur77-GFPHI Ly6C- cells that could not be reliably marked by either of CD5, Ly6C, or Nur77-GFP alone. These cells experience the strongest basal TCR signaling, consistently produce less IL-2, and express PD-1 and markers associated with anergy, such as Grail and Cbl-b. We propose that adaptation to the strength of basal TCR signaling drives the phenotypic and functional heterogeneity of naïve CD4+ cells.
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