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Lapolla A. Thirty years of fruitful collaborations between a physician and mass spectrometrists in diabetes field. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2023; 42:1086-1112. [PMID: 34747543 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The nonenzymatic protein glycation and the subsequent formation of advanced glycation end products is a process involved in the long-term complications of diabetes. In this context the collaboration, in the last 30 years, between my research group, operating in the DPT of Medicine of Padua University, and the mass spectrometric group, operating in CNR of Padua, are described and discussed. The development of new mass spectrometric techniques has allowed investigation more indepth, starting from the applications on small molecules responsible for the browning observed in the interactions between sugars and proteins, and growing up to intact proteins as albumin, immunoglobulin, hemoglobin, and so forth, with the determination of their glycation levels as well as their glycation sites. This study has helped to clarify the role of advanced glycation end products in the pathogenesis of the chronic complications of diabetes. In particular the results obtained in diabetic nephropathy, diabetic cardiovascular disease and in placenta samples of patients affected by gestational diabetes are described in this review.
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Corker A, Neff LS, Broughton P, Bradshaw AD, DeLeon-Pennell KY. Organized Chaos: Deciphering Immune Cell Heterogeneity's Role in Inflammation in the Heart. Biomolecules 2021; 12:11. [PMID: 35053159 PMCID: PMC8773626 DOI: 10.3390/biom12010011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
During homeostasis, immune cells perform daily housekeeping functions to maintain heart health by acting as sentinels for tissue damage and foreign particles. Resident immune cells compose 5% of the cellular population in healthy human ventricular tissue. In response to injury, there is an increase in inflammation within the heart due to the influx of immune cells. Some of the most common immune cells recruited to the heart are macrophages, dendritic cells, neutrophils, and T-cells. In this review, we will discuss what is known about cardiac immune cell heterogeneity during homeostasis, how these cell populations change in response to a pathology such as myocardial infarction or pressure overload, and what stimuli are regulating these processes. In addition, we will summarize technologies used to evaluate cell heterogeneity in models of cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexa Corker
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; (A.C.); (L.S.N.); (P.B.); (A.D.B.)
| | - Lily S. Neff
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; (A.C.); (L.S.N.); (P.B.); (A.D.B.)
| | - Philip Broughton
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; (A.C.); (L.S.N.); (P.B.); (A.D.B.)
| | - Amy D. Bradshaw
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; (A.C.); (L.S.N.); (P.B.); (A.D.B.)
- Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29401, USA
| | - Kristine Y. DeLeon-Pennell
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; (A.C.); (L.S.N.); (P.B.); (A.D.B.)
- Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29401, USA
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3
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D'Aronco S, Crotti S, Agostini M, Traldi P, Chilelli NC, Lapolla A. The role of mass spectrometry in studies of glycation processes and diabetes management. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2019; 38:112-146. [PMID: 30423209 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In the last decade, mass spectrometry has been widely employed in the study of diabetes. This was mainly due to the development of new, highly sensitive, and specific methods representing powerful tools to go deep into the biochemical and pathogenetic processes typical of the disease. The aim of this review is to give a panorama of the scientifically valid results obtained in this contest. The recent studies on glycation processes, in particular those devoted to the mechanism of production and to the reactivity of advanced glycation end products (AGEs, AGE peptides, glyoxal, methylglyoxal, dicarbonyl compounds) allowed to obtain a different view on short and long term complications of diabetes. These results have been employed in the research of effective markers and mass spectrometry represented a precious tool allowing the monitoring of diabetic nephropathy, cardiovascular complications, and gestational diabetes. The same approaches have been employed to monitor the non-insulinic diabetes pharmacological treatments, as well as in the discovery and characterization of antidiabetic agents from natural products. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Mass Spec Rev 38:112-146, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara D'Aronco
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Gastroenterological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, Padova, Italy
| | - Sara Crotti
- Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, Padova, Italy
| | - Marco Agostini
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Gastroenterological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, Padova, Italy
| | - Pietro Traldi
- Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, Padova, Italy
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Mo J, Jin R, Yan Q, Sokolowska I, Lewis MJ, Hu P. Quantitative analysis of glycation and its impact on antigen binding. MAbs 2018; 10:406-415. [PMID: 29436927 PMCID: PMC5916557 DOI: 10.1080/19420862.2018.1438796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycation has been observed in antibody therapeutics manufactured by the fed-batch fermentation process. It not only increases the heterogeneity of antibodies, but also potentially affects product safety and efficacy. In this study, non-glycated and glycated fractions enriched from a monoclonal antibody (mAb1) as well as glucose-stressed mAb1 were characterized using a variety of biochemical, biophysical and biological assays to determine the effects of glycation on the structure and function of mAb1. Glycation was detected at multiple lysine residues and reduced the antigen binding activity of mAb1. Heavy chain Lys100, which is located in the complementary-determining region of mAb1, had the highest levels of glycation in both stressed and unstressed samples, and glycation of this residue was likely responsible for the loss of antigen binding based on hydrogen/deuterium exchange mass spectrometry analysis. Peptide mapping and intact liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) can both be used to monitor the glycation levels. Peptide mapping provides site specific glycation results, while intact LC-MS is a quicker and simpler method to quantitate the total glycation levels and is more useful for routine testing. Capillary isoelectric focusing (cIEF) can also be used to monitor glycation because glycation induces an acidic shift in the cIEF profile. As expected, total glycation measured by intact LC-MS correlated very well with the percentage of total acidic peaks or main peak measured by cIEF. In summary, we demonstrated that glycation can affect the function of a representative IgG1 mAb. The analytical characterization, as described here, should be generally applicable for other therapeutic mAbs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjie Mo
- a Large Molecules Analytical Development, Pharmaceutical Development & Manufacturing Sciences , Janssen Research & Development, LLC , Malvern , Pennsylvania , United States
| | - Renzhe Jin
- a Large Molecules Analytical Development, Pharmaceutical Development & Manufacturing Sciences , Janssen Research & Development, LLC , Malvern , Pennsylvania , United States
| | - Qingrong Yan
- a Large Molecules Analytical Development, Pharmaceutical Development & Manufacturing Sciences , Janssen Research & Development, LLC , Malvern , Pennsylvania , United States
| | - Izabela Sokolowska
- a Large Molecules Analytical Development, Pharmaceutical Development & Manufacturing Sciences , Janssen Research & Development, LLC , Malvern , Pennsylvania , United States
| | - Michael J Lewis
- a Large Molecules Analytical Development, Pharmaceutical Development & Manufacturing Sciences , Janssen Research & Development, LLC , Malvern , Pennsylvania , United States
| | - Ping Hu
- a Large Molecules Analytical Development, Pharmaceutical Development & Manufacturing Sciences , Janssen Research & Development, LLC , Malvern , Pennsylvania , United States
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Dozio E, Di Gaetano N, Findeisen P, Corsi Romanelli MM. Glycated albumin: from biochemistry and laboratory medicine to clinical practice. Endocrine 2017; 55:682-690. [PMID: 27623968 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-016-1091-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 08/13/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This review summarizes current knowledge about glycated albumin. We review the changes induced by glycation on the properties of albumin, the pathological implications of high glycated albumin levels, glycated albumin quantification methods, and the use of glycated albumin as a complementary biomarker for diabetes mellitus diagnosis and monitoring and for dealing with long-term complications. The advantages and limits of this biomarker in different clinical settings are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Dozio
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via L. Mangiagalli 31, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Nicola Di Gaetano
- Instrumentation Laboratory-A Werfen Company, R&D Department, Viale Monza 338, 20128, Milan, Italy
| | - Peter Findeisen
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry, Medical Faculty Mannheim of the University of Heidelberg, University Hospital Mannheim, Theodor Kutzer Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Massimiliano Marco Corsi Romanelli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via L. Mangiagalli 31, 20133, Milan, Italy.
- Service of Laboratory Medicine 1-Clinical Pathology, I.R.C.C.S. Policlinico San Donato, Piazza E. Malan 1, 20097, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy.
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Thomas CJ, Cleland TP, Zhang S, Gundberg CM, Vashishth D. Identification and characterization of glycation adducts on osteocalcin. Anal Biochem 2017; 525:46-53. [PMID: 28237256 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2017.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Revised: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Osteocalcin is an important extracellular matrix bone protein that contributes to the structural properties of bone through its interactions with hydroxyapatite mineral and with collagen I. This role may be affected by glycation, a labile modification the levels of which has been shown to correlate with bone fragility. Glycation starts with the spontaneous addition of a sugar onto a free amine group on a protein, forming an Amadori product, and then proceeds through several environment-dependent stages resulting in the formation of an advanced glycation end product. Here, we induce the first step of this modification on synthetic osteocalcin, and then use multiple mass spectrometry fragmentation techniques to determine the location of this modification. Collision-induced dissociation resulted in spectra dominated by neutral loss, and was unable to identify Amadori products. Electron-transfer dissociation showed that the Amadori product formed solely on osteocalcin's N-terminus. This suggests that the glycation of osteocalcin is unlikely to interfere with osteocalcin's interaction with hydroxyapatite. Instead, glycation may interfere with its interaction with collagen I or another bone protein, osteopontin. Potentially, the levels of glycated osteocalcin fragments released from bone during bone resorption could be used to assess bone quality, should the N-terminal fragments be targeted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corinne J Thomas
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12182, USA; Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12182, USA
| | - Timothy P Cleland
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12182, USA; Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12182, USA
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Cornell University Biotechnology Resource Center, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Caren M Gundberg
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Deepak Vashishth
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12182, USA; Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12182, USA.
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8
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Matsuda R, Kolli V, Woods M, Dodds ED, Hage DS. Optimizing sequence coverage for a moderate mass protein in nano-electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Anal Biochem 2016; 509:115-117. [PMID: 27320213 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2016.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Revised: 06/07/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Sample pretreatment was optimized to obtain high sequence coverage for human serum albumin (HSA, 66.5 kDa) when using nano-electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (nESI-Q-TOF-MS). Use of the final method with trypsin, Lys-C, and Glu-C digests gave a combined coverage of 98.8%. The addition of peptide fractionation resulted in 99.7% coverage. These results were comparable to those obtained previously with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS). The sample pretreatment/nESI-Q-TOF-MS method was also used with collision-induced dissociation to analyze HSA digests and to identify peptides that could be employed as internal mass calibrants in future studies of modifications to HSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Matsuda
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
| | - Venkata Kolli
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
| | - Megan Woods
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
| | - Eric D Dodds
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
| | - David S Hage
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA.
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9
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Korwar AM, Vannuruswamy G, Jagadeeshaprasad MG, Jayaramaiah RH, Bhat S, Regin BS, Ramaswamy S, Giri AP, Mohan V, Balasubramanyam M, Kulkarni MJ. Development of Diagnostic Fragment Ion Library for Glycated Peptides of Human Serum Albumin: Targeted Quantification in Prediabetic, Diabetic, and Microalbuminuria Plasma by Parallel Reaction Monitoring, SWATH, and MSE. Mol Cell Proteomics 2015; 14:2150-9. [PMID: 26023067 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m115.050518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Human serum albumin is one of the most abundant plasma proteins that readily undergoes glycation, thus glycated albumin has been suggested as an additional marker for monitoring glycemic status. Hitherto, only Amadori-modified peptides of albumin were quantified. In this study, we report the construction of fragment ion library for Amadori-modified lysine (AML), N(ε)-(carboxymethyl)lysine (CML)-, and N(ε)-(carboxyethyl)lysine (CEL)-modified peptides of the corresponding synthetically modified albumin using high resolution accurate mass spectrometry (HR/AM). The glycated peptides were manually inspected and validated for their modification. Further, the fragment ion library was used for quantification of glycated peptides of albumin in the context of diabetes. Targeted Sequential Window Acquisition of all THeoretical Mass Spectra (SWATH) analysis in pooled plasma samples of control, prediabetes, diabetes, and microalbuminuria, has led to identification and quantification of 13 glycated peptides comprised of four AML, seven CML, and two CEL modifications, representing nine lysine sites of albumin. Five lysine sites namely K549, K438, K490, K88, and K375, were observed to be highly sensitive for glycation modification as their respective m/z showed maximum fold change and had both AML and CML modifications. Thus, peptides involving these lysine sites could be potential novel markers to assess the degree of glycation in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arvind M Korwar
- From the §Mass-Spectrometry and Proteomics Facility, Division of Biochemical Sciences, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune-411008, India
| | - Garikapati Vannuruswamy
- From the §Mass-Spectrometry and Proteomics Facility, Division of Biochemical Sciences, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune-411008, India
| | - Mashanipalya G Jagadeeshaprasad
- From the §Mass-Spectrometry and Proteomics Facility, Division of Biochemical Sciences, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune-411008, India
| | - Ramesha H Jayaramaiah
- From the §Mass-Spectrometry and Proteomics Facility, Division of Biochemical Sciences, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune-411008, India
| | - Shweta Bhat
- From the §Mass-Spectrometry and Proteomics Facility, Division of Biochemical Sciences, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune-411008, India
| | | | - Sureshkumar Ramaswamy
- From the §Mass-Spectrometry and Proteomics Facility, Division of Biochemical Sciences, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune-411008, India
| | - Ashok P Giri
- From the §Mass-Spectrometry and Proteomics Facility, Division of Biochemical Sciences, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune-411008, India
| | | | | | - Mahesh J Kulkarni
- From the §Mass-Spectrometry and Proteomics Facility, Division of Biochemical Sciences, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune-411008, India.;
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10
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Abstract
In vivo modification of proteins by molecules with reactive carbonyl groups leads to intermediate and advanced glycation end products (AGE). Glucose is a significant glycation reagent due to its high physiological concentration and poorly controlled diabetics show increased albumin glycation. Increased levels of glycated and AGE-modified albumin have been linked to diabetic complications, neurodegeneration, and vascular disease. This review discusses glycated albumin formation, structural consequences of albumin glycation on drug binding, removal of circulating AGE by several scavenger receptors, as well as AGE-induced proinflammatory signaling through activation of the receptor for AGE. Analytical methods for quantitative detection of protein glycation and AGE formation are compared. Finally, the use of glycated albumin as a novel clinical marker to monitor glycemic control is discussed and compared to glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) as long-term indicator of glycemic status.
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Arena S, Salzano AM, Renzone G, D'Ambrosio C, Scaloni A. Non-enzymatic glycation and glycoxidation protein products in foods and diseases: an interconnected, complex scenario fully open to innovative proteomic studies. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2014; 33:49-77. [PMID: 24114996 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2012] [Revised: 03/09/2013] [Accepted: 03/09/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The Maillard reaction includes a complex network of processes affecting food and biopharmaceutical products; it also occurs in living organisms and has been strictly related to cell aging, to the pathogenesis of several (chronic) diseases, such as diabetes, uremia, cataract, liver cirrhosis and various neurodegenerative pathologies, as well as to peritoneal dialysis treatment. Dozens of compounds are involved in this process, among which a number of protein-adducted derivatives that have been simplistically defined as early, intermediate and advanced glycation end-products. In the last decade, various bottom-up proteomic approaches have been successfully used for the identification of glycation/glycoxidation protein targets as well as for the characterization of the corresponding adducts, including assignment of the modified amino acids. This article provides an updated overview of the mass spectrometry-based procedures developed to this purpose, emphasizing their partial limits with respect to current proteomic approaches for the analysis of other post-translational modifications. These limitations are mainly related to the concomitant sheer diversity, chemical complexity, and variable abundance of the various derivatives to be characterized. Some challenges to scientists are finally proposed for future proteomic investigations to solve main drawbacks in this research field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Arena
- Proteomics & Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, ISPAAM, National Research Council, 80147, Naples, Italy
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Anguizola J, Matsuda R, Barnaby OS, Hoy KS, Wa C, DeBolt E, Koke M, Hage DS. Review: Glycation of human serum albumin. Clin Chim Acta 2013; 425:64-76. [PMID: 23891854 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2013.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 262] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2013] [Revised: 07/15/2013] [Accepted: 07/16/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Glycation involves the non-enzymatic addition of reducing sugars and/or their reactive degradation products to amine groups on proteins. This process is promoted by the presence of elevated blood glucose concentrations in diabetes and occurs with various proteins that include human serum albumin (HSA). This review examines work that has been conducted in the study and analysis of glycated HSA. The general structure and properties of HSA are discussed, along with the reactions that can lead to modification of this protein during glycation. The use of glycated HSA as a short-to-intermediate term marker for glycemic control in diabetes is examined, and approaches that have been utilized for measuring glycated HSA are summarized. Structural studies of glycated HSA are reviewed, as acquired for both in vivo and in vitro glycated HSA, along with data that have been obtained on the rate and thermodynamics of HSA glycation. In addition, this review considers various studies that have investigated the effects of glycation on the binding of HSA with drugs, fatty acids and other solutes and the potential clinical significance of these effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeanethe Anguizola
- Chemistry Department, University of Nebraska, 704 Hamilton Hall, Lincoln, NE 68588-0304, USA
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Lopez-Clavijo AF, Barrow MP, Rabbani N, Thornalley PJ, O'Connor PB. Determination of types and binding sites of advanced glycation end products for substance P. Anal Chem 2012; 84:10568-75. [PMID: 23163806 DOI: 10.1021/ac301583d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Glycation by endogenous dicarbonyl metabolites such as glyoxal is an important spontaneous post-translational (PTM) modification of peptides and proteins associated with structural and functional impairment. The aim of this study was to investigate types and site of PTM of glyoxal-derived advanced glycation end-products-in the neuropeptide substance P by ultrahigh-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FTICR), mass spectrometry, and tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) experiments. The main site of PTM by glyoxal was the side chain guanidine moiety of the arginine residue. Binding site identification has been achieved by electron capture dissociation, double-resonance electron capture dissociation, and collision-activated dissociation, with assignment of the modified amino acid residue with mass error <1 ppm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea F Lopez-Clavijo
- Warwick Centre for Analytical Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
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14
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Bachi A, Dalle-Donne I, Scaloni A. Redox Proteomics: Chemical Principles, Methodological Approaches and Biological/Biomedical Promises. Chem Rev 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/cr300073p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Angela Bachi
- Biological Mass Spectrometry Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | | | - Andrea Scaloni
- Proteomics & Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, ISPAAM, National Research Council, 80147 Naples, Italy
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15
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Zhu P, Bowden P, Zhang D, Marshall JG. Mass spectrometry of peptides and proteins from human blood. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2011; 30:685-732. [PMID: 24737629 DOI: 10.1002/mas.20291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2008] [Revised: 12/09/2009] [Accepted: 01/19/2010] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
It is difficult to convey the accelerating rate and growing importance of mass spectrometry applications to human blood proteins and peptides. Mass spectrometry can rapidly detect and identify the ionizable peptides from the proteins in a simple mixture and reveal many of their post-translational modifications. However, blood is a complex mixture that may contain many proteins first expressed in cells and tissues. The complete analysis of blood proteins is a daunting task that will rely on a wide range of disciplines from physics, chemistry, biochemistry, genetics, electromagnetic instrumentation, mathematics and computation. Therefore the comprehensive discovery and analysis of blood proteins will rank among the great technical challenges and require the cumulative sum of many of mankind's scientific achievements together. A variety of methods have been used to fractionate, analyze and identify proteins from blood, each yielding a small piece of the whole and throwing the great size of the task into sharp relief. The approaches attempted to date clearly indicate that enumerating the proteins and peptides of blood can be accomplished. There is no doubt that the mass spectrometry of blood will be crucial to the discovery and analysis of proteins, enzyme activities, and post-translational processes that underlay the mechanisms of disease. At present both discovery and quantification of proteins from blood are commonly reaching sensitivities of ∼1 ng/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peihong Zhu
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5B 2K3
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Miller AK, Hambly DM, Kerwin BA, Treuheit MJ, Gadgil HS. Characterization of Site-Specific Glycation During Process Development of a Human Therapeutic Monoclonal Antibody. J Pharm Sci 2011; 100:2543-50. [DOI: 10.1002/jps.22504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2010] [Revised: 11/11/2010] [Accepted: 12/14/2010] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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17
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Chougale AD, Bhat SP, Bhujbal SV, Zambare MR, Puntambekar S, Somani RS, Boppana R, Giri AP, Kulkarni MJ. Proteomic Analysis of Glycated Proteins from Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rat Kidney. Mol Biotechnol 2011; 50:28-38. [DOI: 10.1007/s12033-011-9409-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Harvey DJ. Analysis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry: an update for the period 2005-2006. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2011; 30:1-100. [PMID: 20222147 DOI: 10.1002/mas.20265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
This review is the fourth update of the original review, published in 1999, on the application of MALDI mass spectrometry to the analysis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates and brings coverage of the literature to the end of 2006. The review covers fundamental studies, fragmentation of carbohydrate ions, method developments, and applications of the technique to the analysis of different types of carbohydrate. Specific compound classes that are covered include carbohydrate polymers from plants, N- and O-linked glycans from glycoproteins, glycated proteins, glycolipids from bacteria, glycosides, and various other natural products. There is a short section on the use of MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry for the study of enzymes involved in glycan processing, a section on industrial processes, particularly the development of biopharmaceuticals and a section on the use of MALDI-MS to monitor products of chemical synthesis of carbohydrates. Large carbohydrate-protein complexes and glycodendrimers are highlighted in this final section.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Harvey
- Department of Biochemistry, Oxford Glycobiology Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK.
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Abstract
Excessive oxidative stress leaves a protein carbonylation fingerprint in biological systems. Carbonylation is an irreversible post-translational modification (PTM) that often leads to the loss of protein function and can be a component of multiple diseases. Protein carbonyl groups can be generated directly (by amino acids oxidation and the alpha-amidation pathway) or indirectly by forming adducts with lipid peroxidation products or glycation and advanced glycation end-products. Studies of oxidative stress are complicated by the low concentration of oxidation products and a wide array of routes by which proteins are carbonylated. The development of new selection and enrichment techniques coupled with advances in mass spectrometry are allowing the identification of hundreds of new carbonylated protein products from a broad range of proteins located at many sites in biological systems. The focus of this review is on the use of proteomics tools and methods to identify oxidized proteins along with specific sites of oxidative damage and the consequences of protein oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashraf G. Madian
- Chemistry Department, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA, 47907
| | - Fred E. Regnier
- Chemistry Department, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA, 47907
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Peš O, Preisler J. Off-line coupling of microcolumn separations to desorption mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2010; 1217:3966-77. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2010.02.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2009] [Revised: 02/22/2010] [Accepted: 02/24/2010] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Detection of glycation sites in proteins by high-resolution mass spectrometry combined with isotopic labeling. Anal Biochem 2010; 400:237-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2010.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2009] [Revised: 02/01/2010] [Accepted: 02/10/2010] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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22
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Montgomery H, Tanaka K, Belgacem O. Glycation pattern of peptides condensed with maltose, lactose and glucose determined by ultraviolet matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization tandem mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2010; 24:841-848. [PMID: 20187122 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.4455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Protein glycation is the non-enzymatic condensation of sugars with proteins. Although commonly occurring in both the therapeutic and food/beverage industries, protein glycation has not been the focus of many proteomic investigations. This study aims to establish a reliable mass spectrometric method for screening large tandem mass spectrometric (MSMS) datasets for protein glycation with glucose, lactose and maltose. Control experiments using a standard peptide containing a single glycation site led to the discovery of characteristic neutral loss fragmentation patterns in MSMS analysis for glucose, lactose and maltose condensed with peptides. Valid in both tandem time-of-flight (TOFTOF) and quadrupole ion trap time-of-flight matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (QIT TOF MALDI) mass spectrometers, these neutral loss signatures were then applied to elucidation of modified peptides from a complex human serum albumin (HSA) digest glycated with each of the proposed sugars. Screening of these large datasets was made possible by specifically designed software solutions that enable the input of detailed user-defined post-translational modifications that are not included in the universally available databases such as Unimod.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Montgomery
- Shimadzu Koichi Tanaka Research Laboratory, Wharfside, Trafford Wharf Road, Manchester M17 1GP, UK.
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23
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Williams D, Ackloo S, Zhu P, Bowden P, Evans KR, Addison CL, Lock C, Marshall JG. Precipitation and selective extraction of human serum endogenous peptides with analysis by quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry reveals posttranslational modifications and low-abundance peptides. Anal Bioanal Chem 2009; 396:1223-47. [PMID: 20033139 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-009-3345-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2009] [Revised: 11/23/2009] [Accepted: 11/24/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The endogenous peptides of human serum may have regulatory functions, have been associated with physiological states, and their modifications may reveal some mechanisms of disease. In order to correlate levels of specific peptides with disease alongside internal standards, the polypeptides must first be reliably extracted and identified. Endogenous blood peptides can be effectively enriched by precipitation of the serum with organic solvents followed by selective extraction of peptides using aqueous solutions modified with organic solvents. Polypeptides on filter paper were assayed with Coomasie brilliant blue binding. The polypeptides were resolved by detergent tricine polyacrylamide electrophoresis and visualized by diamine silver staining. Peptides in the extracts were collected by C18 and analyzed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization and liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) quadrupole time-of-flight MS/MS. Peptides were resolved as multiple isotopic peaks in MS mode with mass deviation of 0.1 Da or less and similar accuracy for fragments. The sensitivity of MS and MS/MS analysis was estimated to be in the picomolar range or less. The peptide composition of the extracts was dependent on solvent formulation. Multiple peptides from apolipoproteins, complement proteins, coagulation factors, and many others were identified by X!Tandem with high mass accuracy of peptide ions and fragments from collision-induced dissociation. Many previously unreported posttranslational modifications of peptides including phosphorylations, oxidations, glycosylations, and others were detected with high mass accuracy and may be of clinical importance. About 4,630 redundant peptides were identified with 99% confidence separately, and together some 1,251 distinct proteins were identified with 99% confidence or greater using the Paragon algorithm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Declan Williams
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, ON, M5B 2K3, Canada
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Enrichment of Amadori products derived from the nonenzymatic glycation of proteins using microscale boronate affinity chromatography. Anal Biochem 2009; 393:8-22. [PMID: 19524544 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2009.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2009] [Revised: 06/08/2009] [Accepted: 06/08/2009] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Amadori peptides were enriched using boronate affinity tips and measured by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/MS). As demonstrated by electrochemical measurements, the tips show the highest binding efficiency for glucose at pH 8.2 employing ammonium chloride/ammonia buffer with ionic strength of 150 mM, exceeding taurine buffer at the same concentration. The bound constituents were released by sorbitol and formic acid. It was also demonstrated that elution with sorbitol at 1.2 M is superior to acidic media. Comparison of results was based on the numbers of detected peptides and their glycated sites. Using sorbitol for elution requires desalting prior to analysis. Therefore, three different sorbents were tested: fullerene-derivatized silica, ZipTip (C18), and C18 silica. Fullerene-derivatized silica and ZipTip showed the same performance regarding the numbers of glycated peptides, and sites were better than C18 silica. The elaborated off-line method was compared with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) measurements, by which considerable less modified peptides were detected. Affinity tips used under optimized conditions were tested for the analysis of human serum albumin (HSA) from sera of healthy and diabetic individuals. A peptide with a mass of 1783.9 Da could be detected only in samples of diabetic patients and, therefore, could be a very interesting biomarker candidate.
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26
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Böddi K, Takátsy A, Szabó S, Markó L, Márk L, Wittmann I, Ohmacht R, Montskó G, Vallant RM, Ringer T, Bakry R, Huck CW, Bonn GK, Szabó Z. Use of fullerene-, octadecyl-, and triaconthyl silica for solid phase extraction of tryptic peptides obtained from unmodified andin vitroglycated human serum albumin and fibrinogen. J Sep Sci 2009; 32:295-308. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200800462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Moreno FJ, Quintanilla-López JE, Lebrón-Aguilar R, Olano A, Sanz ML. Mass spectrometric characterization of glycated beta-lactoglobulin peptides derived from galacto-oligosaccharides surviving the in vitro gastrointestinal digestion. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2008; 19:927-937. [PMID: 18467121 DOI: 10.1016/j.jasms.2008.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2008] [Revised: 03/05/2008] [Accepted: 04/01/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
A mass spectrometric study has been carried out to elucidate the structures of glycated peptides obtained after in vitro gastrointestinal digestion of bovine beta-lactoglobulin (beta-LG) glycated with prebiotic galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS). The digests of both native and glycated beta-LG were analyzed by MALDI-MS, LC-ESI-MS, and LC-ESI-MS/MS. MALDI-MS profiles showed marked differences mainly related to the lower intensity of ions corresponding to the digest of glycated beta-LG. Overall, 58 and 23 unglycated peptides covering 97% and 63% of the mature beta-LG sequence could be identified in the digests of native and glycated samples, respectively. The LC-ESI-MS analyses corroborated the MALDI-MS results regarding the unglycated peptides but they also enabled an extensive investigation into the digest of glycated beta-LG. Thus, a total of 19 peptides glycated with GOS from two to seven hexose units could be identified. The tandem mass spectra of glycated peptides were mostly characterized by two neutral losses of 1026/1056, 864/894, 702/732, 540/570, 378/408, and 216/246 u, corresponding to the formation of the furylium ion and its subsequent "CHOH" loss, indicative of the peptide glycation with hepta-, hexa-, penta-, tetra-, tri-, and disaccharides, respectively. Also, other minor ionic species containing the furylium ring linked to different galactose units could be also detected, showing the diversity of the fragmentation pattern of peptides glycated with larger size carbohydrates. Finally, the putative GOS glycation sites could be determined at the NH(2)-terminal Leu residue and at Lys residues located in positions 14, 47, 75, 77, 83, 91, 100, 135, and 138.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Javier Moreno
- Instituto de Fermentaciones Industriales (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
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28
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Current literature in mass spectrometry. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2006; 41:1520-1531. [PMID: 17103385 DOI: 10.1002/jms.958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
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