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Kon K, Ode KL, Mano T, Fujishima H, Takahashi RR, Tone D, Shimizu C, Shiono S, Yada S, Matsuzawa K, Yoshida SY, Yoshida Garçon J, Kaneko M, Shinohara Y, Yamada RG, Shi S, Miyamichi K, Sumiyama K, Kiyonari H, Susaki EA, Ueda HR. Cortical parvalbumin neurons are responsible for homeostatic sleep rebound through CaMKII activation. Nat Commun 2024; 15:6054. [PMID: 39025867 PMCID: PMC11258272 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50168-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The homeostatic regulation of sleep is characterized by rebound sleep after prolonged wakefulness, but the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying this regulation are still unknown. In this study, we show that Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII)-dependent activity control of parvalbumin (PV)-expressing cortical neurons is involved in homeostatic regulation of sleep in male mice. Prolonged wakefulness enhances cortical PV-neuron activity. Chemogenetic suppression or activation of cortical PV neurons inhibits or induces rebound sleep, implying that rebound sleep is dependent on increased activity of cortical PV neurons. Furthermore, we discovered that CaMKII kinase activity boosts the activity of cortical PV neurons, and that kinase activity is important for homeostatic sleep rebound. Here, we propose that CaMKII-dependent PV-neuron activity represents negative feedback inhibition of cortical neural excitability, which serves as the distributive cortical circuits for sleep homeostatic regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Kon
- Department of Systems Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Kennedy Krieger Institute, Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Koji L Ode
- Department of Systems Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Laboratory for Synthetic Biology, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research (BDR), Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Mano
- Department of Systems Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Laboratory for Synthetic Biology, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research (BDR), Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Information Physics and Computing, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Computational Neuroethology Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology, Onna, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Fujishima
- Laboratory for Synthetic Biology, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research (BDR), Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Systems Biology, Institute of Life Science, Kurume University, Kurume, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Riina R Takahashi
- Department of Systems Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daisuke Tone
- Department of Systems Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Laboratory for Synthetic Biology, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research (BDR), Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Chika Shimizu
- Laboratory for Synthetic Biology, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research (BDR), Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shinnosuke Shiono
- Department of Systems Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Saori Yada
- Department of Systems Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (IIIS), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Kyoko Matsuzawa
- Laboratory for Synthetic Biology, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research (BDR), Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shota Y Yoshida
- Department of Systems Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Laboratory for Synthetic Biology, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research (BDR), Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Junko Yoshida Garçon
- Laboratory for Synthetic Biology, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research (BDR), Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Molecular Embryology, Research Institute, Osaka Women's and Children's Hospital, Izumi, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mari Kaneko
- Laboratory for Animal Resources and Genetic Engineering, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research (BDR), Chuou-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Yuta Shinohara
- Laboratory for Synthetic Biology, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research (BDR), Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Division of Molecular Psychoimmunology, Institute for Genetic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Rikuhiro G Yamada
- Laboratory for Synthetic Biology, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research (BDR), Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Systems Biology, Institute of Life Science, Kurume University, Kurume, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shoi Shi
- Department of Systems Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Laboratory for Synthetic Biology, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research (BDR), Suita, Osaka, Japan
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (IIIS), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Kazunari Miyamichi
- Laboratory for Comparative Connectomics, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research (BDR), Chuou-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Kenta Sumiyama
- Laboratory for Mouse Genetic Engineering, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research (BDR), Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kiyonari
- Laboratory for Animal Resources and Genetic Engineering, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research (BDR), Chuou-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Etsuo A Susaki
- Department of Systems Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Laboratory for Synthetic Biology, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research (BDR), Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Biochemistry and Systems Biomedicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroki R Ueda
- Department of Systems Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
- Laboratory for Synthetic Biology, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research (BDR), Suita, Osaka, Japan.
- Department of Information Physics and Computing, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
- Department of Systems Biology, Institute of Life Science, Kurume University, Kurume, Fukuoka, Japan.
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2
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Xu S, Wang J, Mao K, Jiao D, Li Z, Zhao H, Sun Y, Feng J, Lai Y, Peng R, Fu Y, Gan R, Chen S, Zhao HY, Wei HJ, Cheng Y. Generation and transcriptomic characterization of MIR137 knockout miniature pig model for neurodevelopmental disorders. Cell Biosci 2024; 14:86. [PMID: 38937838 PMCID: PMC11212353 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-024-01268-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD), such as autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and intellectual disorders (ID), are highly debilitating childhood psychiatric conditions. Genetic factors are recognized as playing a major role in NDD, with a multitude of genes and genomic regions implicated. While the functional validation of NDD-associated genes has predominantly been carried out using mouse models, the significant differences in brain structure and gene function between mice and humans have limited the effectiveness of mouse models in exploring the underlying mechanisms of NDD. Therefore, it is important to establish alternative animal models that are more evolutionarily aligned with humans. RESULTS In this study, we employed CRISPR/Cas9 and somatic cell nuclear transplantation technologies to successfully generate a knockout miniature pig model of the MIR137 gene, which encodes the neuropsychiatric disorder-associated microRNA miR-137. The homozygous knockout of MIR137 (MIR137-/-) effectively suppressed the expression of mature miR-137 and led to the birth of stillborn or short-lived piglets. Transcriptomic analysis revealed significant changes in genes associated with neurodevelopment and synaptic signaling in the brains of MIR137-/- miniature pig, mirroring findings from human ASD transcriptomic data. In comparison to miR-137-deficient mouse and human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived neuron models, the miniature pig model exhibited more consistent changes in critical neuronal genes relevant to humans following the loss of miR-137. Furthermore, a comparative analysis identified differentially expressed genes associated with ASD and ID risk genes in both miniature pig and hiPSC-derived neurons. Notably, human-specific miR-137 targets, such as CAMK2A, known to be linked to cognitive impairments and NDD, exhibited dysregulation in MIR137-/- miniature pigs. These findings suggest that the loss of miR-137 in miniature pigs affects genes crucial for neurodevelopment, potentially contributing to the development of NDD. CONCLUSIONS Our study highlights the impact of miR-137 loss on critical genes involved in neurodevelopment and related disorders in MIR137-/- miniature pigs. It establishes the miniature pig model as a valuable tool for investigating neurodevelopmental disorders, providing valuable insights for potential applications in human research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengyun Xu
- Institute of Biomedical Research, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Jiaoxiang Wang
- Key Laboratory for Porcine Gene Editing and Xenotransplantation in Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Kexin Mao
- Institute of Biomedical Research, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, China
- Southwest United Graduate School, Kunming, 650092, China
| | - Deling Jiao
- Key Laboratory for Porcine Gene Editing and Xenotransplantation in Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Zhu Li
- Institute of Biomedical Research, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Heng Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Porcine Gene Editing and Xenotransplantation in Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Yifei Sun
- Institute of Biomedical Research, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Jin Feng
- Institute of Biomedical Research, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, China
- Southwest United Graduate School, Kunming, 650092, China
| | - Yuanhao Lai
- Institute of Biomedical Research, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Ruiqi Peng
- Institute of Biomedical Research, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Yu Fu
- Institute of Biomedical Research, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Ruoyi Gan
- Institute of Biomedical Research, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, China
- Southwest United Graduate School, Kunming, 650092, China
| | - Shuhan Chen
- Key Laboratory for Porcine Gene Editing and Xenotransplantation in Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Hong-Ye Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Porcine Gene Editing and Xenotransplantation in Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China.
| | - Hong-Jiang Wei
- Key Laboratory for Porcine Gene Editing and Xenotransplantation in Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China.
| | - Ying Cheng
- Institute of Biomedical Research, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, China.
- Southwest United Graduate School, Kunming, 650092, China.
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Martinez JD, Wilson LG, Brancaleone WP, Peterson KG, Popke DS, Garzon VC, Perez Tremble RE, Donnelly MJ, Mendez Ortega SL, Torres D, Shaver JJ, Jiang S, Yang Z, Aton SJ. Hypnotic treatment improves sleep architecture and EEG disruptions and rescues memory deficits in a mouse model of fragile X syndrome. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114266. [PMID: 38787724 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is associated with disrupted cognition and sleep abnormalities. Sleep loss negatively impacts cognitive function, and one untested possibility is that disrupted cognition in FXS is exacerbated by abnormal sleep. We tested whether ML297, a hypnotic acting on G-protein-activated inward-rectifying potassium (GIRK) channels, could reverse sleep phenotypes and disrupted memory in Fmr1-/y mice. Fmr1-/y mice exhibit reduced non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep and fragmented NREM architecture, altered sleep electroencephalogram (EEG) oscillations, and reduced EEG coherence between cortical areas; these are partially reversed following ML297 administration. Treatment following contextual fear or spatial learning restores disrupted memory consolidation in Fmr1-/y mice. During memory recall, Fmr1-/y mice show an altered balance of activity among hippocampal principal neurons vs. parvalbumin-expressing interneurons; this is partially reversed by ML297. Because sleep disruption could impact neurophysiological phenotypes in FXS, augmenting sleep may improve disrupted cognition in this disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessy D Martinez
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Lydia G Wilson
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - William P Brancaleone
- Undergraduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Kathryn G Peterson
- Undergraduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Donald S Popke
- Undergraduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Valentina Caicedo Garzon
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Roxanne E Perez Tremble
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Marcus J Donnelly
- Undergraduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | | | - Daniel Torres
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - James J Shaver
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Sha Jiang
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Zhongying Yang
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Sara J Aton
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
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Guner N, Hayton JA. Parental and Child Sleep: Children with Vision Impairment, Autistic Children, and Children with Comorbid Vision Impairment and Autism. Brain Sci 2024; 14:485. [PMID: 38790463 PMCID: PMC11119615 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14050485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parents report associations between children's sleep disturbances and behaviors. Children with neurodevelopmental conditions (e.g., Williams Syndrome and autism) are consistently reported to experience increased sleeping problems. Sleep in children with vision impairment and children with a dual diagnosis of vision impairment and autism remains understudied. METHODS Our exploratory study compared sleep profiles in 52 children (aged 4-12 years) and their parents (n = 37), across four groups: children with vision impairment (VI; n = 9), autism (n = 10), comorbid vision impairment + autism (n = 6), and typically developing children (n = 27). Childhood sleep was measured using the parental report Childhood Sleep Habits Questionnaire and sleep diaries. Children's cognitive functioning was measured using digit span, semantic, and phonemic verbal fluency measures. Parental sleep was measured via the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and Epworth Sleepiness Scale. RESULTS Clinically disordered sleep was reported in all child groups (p ≤ 0.001), particularly children with VI + autism. Age, not sleep quality/quantity, predicted cognitive task performance in TD and autistic groups, but not in VI and VI + autism groups. The child's diagnosis affected parental sleep, particularly in children with a dual diagnosis of VI + autism. CONCLUSIONS All participants experienced problematic sleep to varying degrees. Those most affected were children and parents in the VI + autism group, suggesting that autism may be the main driver of sleep problems in our sample.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jessica Antonia Hayton
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, IOE, UCL’s Faculty of Education and Society, University College London, London WC1H 0AL, UK;
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Gay SM, Chartampila E, Lord JS, Grizzard S, Maisashvili T, Ye M, Barker NK, Mordant AL, Mills CA, Herring LE, Diering GH. Developing forebrain synapses are uniquely vulnerable to sleep loss. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.11.06.565853. [PMID: 37986967 PMCID: PMC10659326 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.06.565853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Sleep is an essential behavior that supports lifelong brain health and cognition. Neuronal synapses are a major target for restorative sleep function and a locus of dysfunction in response to sleep deprivation (SD). Synapse density is highly dynamic during development, becoming stabilized with maturation to adulthood, suggesting sleep exerts distinct synaptic functions between development and adulthood. Importantly, problems with sleep are common in neurodevelopmental disorders including autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Moreover, early life sleep disruption in animal models causes long lasting changes in adult behavior. Different plasticity engaged during sleep necessarily implies that developing and adult synapses will show differential vulnerability to SD. To investigate distinct sleep functions and mechanisms of vulnerability to SD across development, we systematically examined the behavioral and molecular responses to acute SD between juvenile (P21-28), adolescent (P42-49) and adult (P70-100) mice of both sexes. Compared to adults, juveniles lack robust adaptations to SD, precipitating cognitive deficits in the novel object recognition test. Subcellular fractionation, combined with proteome and phosphoproteome analysis revealed the developing synapse is profoundly vulnerable to SD, whereas adults exhibit comparative resilience. SD in juveniles, and not older mice, aberrantly drives induction of synapse potentiation, synaptogenesis, and expression of peri-neuronal nets. Our analysis further reveals the developing synapse as a convergent node between vulnerability to SD and ASD genetic risk. Together, our systematic analysis supports a distinct developmental function of sleep and reveals how sleep disruption impacts key aspects of brain development, providing mechanistic insights for ASD susceptibility.
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Estes A, Hillman A, Chen ML. Sleep and Autism: Current Research, Clinical Assessment, and Treatment Strategies. FOCUS (AMERICAN PSYCHIATRIC PUBLISHING) 2024; 22:162-169. [PMID: 38680972 PMCID: PMC11046719 DOI: 10.1176/appi.focus.20230028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder is associated with a high rate of sleep problems, affecting over 80% of autistic individuals. Sleep problems have pervasive negative effects on health, behavior, mood, and cognition but are underrecognized in autistic children. Problems initiating and maintaining sleep-hallmarks of insomnia-are common. Sleep-disordered breathing and restless legs syndrome have also been described in autism at a higher prevalence than in community populations. The authors describe current research on sleep in autistic children and potential pathophysiologic mechanisms. They describe practical approaches to sleep assessment and synthesize approaches to addressing sleep problems in autistic children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annette Estes
- Department of Speech and Hearing Sciences (Estes) and Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine (Chen), University of Washington, Seattle; University of Washington Autism Center (Estes, Hillman); Pediatric Sleep Disorders Center and Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine Division, Seattle Children's Hospital (Chen)
| | - Arianna Hillman
- Department of Speech and Hearing Sciences (Estes) and Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine (Chen), University of Washington, Seattle; University of Washington Autism Center (Estes, Hillman); Pediatric Sleep Disorders Center and Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine Division, Seattle Children's Hospital (Chen)
| | - Maida Lynn Chen
- Department of Speech and Hearing Sciences (Estes) and Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine (Chen), University of Washington, Seattle; University of Washington Autism Center (Estes, Hillman); Pediatric Sleep Disorders Center and Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine Division, Seattle Children's Hospital (Chen)
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7
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Autism Across the Lifespan. FOCUS (AMERICAN PSYCHIATRIC PUBLISHING) 2024; 22:194-195. [PMID: 38680978 PMCID: PMC11046723 DOI: 10.1176/appi.focus.24022001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
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Wilson DA, Sullivan RM, Smiley JF, Saito M, Raineki C. Developmental alcohol exposure is exhausting: Sleep and the enduring consequences of alcohol exposure during development. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2024; 158:105567. [PMID: 38309498 PMCID: PMC10923002 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Prenatal alcohol exposure is the leading nongenetic cause of human intellectual impairment. The long-term impacts of prenatal alcohol exposure on health and well-being are diverse, including neuropathology leading to behavioral, cognitive, and emotional impairments. Additionally negative effects also occur on the physiological level, such as the endocrine, cardiovascular, and immune systems. Among these diverse impacts is sleep disruption. In this review, we describe how prenatal alcohol exposure affects sleep, and potential mechanisms of those effects. Furthermore, we outline the evidence that sleep disruption across the lifespan may be a mediator of some cognitive and behavioral impacts of developmental alcohol exposure, and thus may represent a promising target for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald A Wilson
- Emotional Brain Institute, Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY, USA; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Regina M Sullivan
- Emotional Brain Institute, Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY, USA; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - John F Smiley
- Division of Neurochemistry, Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY, USA; Department of Psychiatry, New York University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mariko Saito
- Division of Neurochemistry, Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY, USA; Department of Psychiatry, New York University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Charlis Raineki
- Department of Psychology, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada; Centre for Neuroscience, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada
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9
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Garic D, McKinstry RC, Rutsohn J, Slomowitz R, Wolff J, MacIntyre LC, Weisenfeld LAH, Kim SH, Pandey J, St. John T, Estes AM, Schultz RT, Hazlett HC, Dager SR, Botteron KN, Styner M, Piven J, Shen MD. Enlarged Perivascular Spaces in Infancy and Autism Diagnosis, Cerebrospinal Fluid Volume, and Later Sleep Problems. JAMA Netw Open 2023; 6:e2348341. [PMID: 38113043 PMCID: PMC10731509 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.48341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Importance Perivascular spaces (PVS) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) are essential components of the glymphatic system, regulating brain homeostasis and clearing neural waste throughout the lifespan. Enlarged PVS have been implicated in neurological disorders and sleep problems in adults, and excessive CSF volume has been reported in infants who develop autism. Enlarged PVS have not been sufficiently studied longitudinally in infancy or in relation to autism outcomes or CSF volume. Objective To examine whether enlarged PVS are more prevalent in infants who develop autism compared with controls and whether they are associated with trajectories of extra-axial CSF volume (EA-CSF) and sleep problems in later childhood. Design, Setting, and Participants This prospective, longitudinal cohort study used data from the Infant Brain Imaging Study. Magnetic resonance images were acquired at ages 6, 12, and 24 months (2007-2017), with sleep questionnaires performed between ages 7 and 12 years (starting in 2018). Data were collected at 4 sites in North Carolina, Missouri, Pennsylvania, and Washington. Data were analyzed from March 2021 through August 2022. Exposure PVS (ie, fluid-filled channels that surround blood vessels in the brain) that are enlarged (ie, visible on magnetic resonance imaging). Main Outcomes and Measures Outcomes of interest were enlarged PVS and EA-CSF volume from 6 to 24 months, autism diagnosis at 24 months, sleep problems between ages 7 and 12 years. Results A total of 311 infants (197 [63.3%] male) were included: 47 infants at high familial likelihood for autism (ie, having an older sibling with autism) who were diagnosed with autism at age 24 months, 180 high likelihood infants not diagnosed with autism, and 84 low likelihood control infants not diagnosed with autism. Sleep measures at school-age were available for 109 participants. Of infants who developed autism, 21 (44.7%) had enlarged PVS at 24 months compared with 48 infants (26.7%) in the high likelihood but no autism diagnosis group (P = .02) and 22 infants in the control group (26.2%) (P = .03). Across all groups, enlarged PVS at 24 months was associated with greater EA-CSF volume from ages 6 to 24 months (β = 4.64; 95% CI, 0.58-8.72; P = .002) and more frequent night wakings at school-age (F = 7.76; η2 = 0.08; P = .006). Conclusions and Relevance These findings suggest that enlarged PVS emerged between ages 12 and 24 months in infants who developed autism. These results add to a growing body of evidence that, along with excessive CSF volume and sleep dysfunction, the glymphatic system could be dysregulated in infants who develop autism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dea Garic
- Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill
| | - Robert C. McKinstry
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Joshua Rutsohn
- Department of Biostatistics, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill
| | | | - Jason Wolff
- Department of Educational Psychology, University of Minnesota Twin Cities College of Education and Human Development, Minneapolis
| | - Leigh C. MacIntyre
- McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Leigh Anne H. Weisenfeld
- Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill
| | - Sun Hyung Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill
| | - Juhi Pandey
- Center for Autism Research, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia
| | - Tanya St. John
- Department of Speech and Hearing Science, University of Washington, Seattle
- University of Washington Autism Center, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Annette M. Estes
- Department of Speech and Hearing Science, University of Washington, Seattle
- University of Washington Autism Center, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Robert T. Schultz
- University of Washington Autism Center, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Heather C. Hazlett
- Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill
| | - Stephen R. Dager
- Department of Radiology, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle
| | - Kelly N. Botteron
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Martin Styner
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill
| | - Joseph Piven
- Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill
| | - Mark D. Shen
- Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill
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10
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Dong H, Wang T, Feng J, Xue Y, Jia F. The relationship between screen time before bedtime and behaviors of preschoolers with autism spectrum disorder and the mediating effects of sleep. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:635. [PMID: 37648993 PMCID: PMC10466770 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-05128-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are overlapping effects of screen time and sleep on children's behavior. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship of screen time with behavior problems in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and the probable mediating effects of sleep, in order to provide evidence for the need for clinical identification and intervention. METHODS A sample of 358 preschoolers with ASD were included. We investigated the children's basic characteristics of sex and age, ASD symptoms (ABC, CARS, and ADOS-2), neurodevelopment (GDS-C), sleep habits (CSHQ), and behavior (CBCL). Pearson correlation tests were used to determine the direct correlations among children's screen time, CBCL, and CSHQ. Linear regression analysis was used to explore whether screen time predicted total score of CBCL. Multi-step linear regression analysis was used to investigate the mediating effect of sleep on the relationship between screen time and total score of CBCL. RESULTS Screen time before bedtime was correlated with CBCL and CSHQ, which indicated that screen time before bedtime was correlated with sleep and behavior in children with ASD. Screen time before bedtime was a predictor of CBCL total score (indicating children's behavior), and CSHQ total score (indicating children's sleep habits) played a partial mediating role between screen time before bedtime and children's behavior. CONCLUSION Clinicians should support and educate parents of children with ASD, which should focus on managing screen time, especially screen time before bedtime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanyu Dong
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Tiantian Wang
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Junyan Feng
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Yang Xue
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Feiyong Jia
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
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11
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Giambersio D, Marzulli L, Margari L, Matera E, Nobili L, De Grandis E, Cordani R, Barbieri A, Peschechera A, Margari A, Petruzzelli MG. Correlations between Sleep Features and Iron Status in Children with Neurodevelopmental Disorders: A Cross-Sectional Study. J Clin Med 2023; 12:4949. [PMID: 37568350 PMCID: PMC10420017 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12154949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
A high prevalence of sleep disturbances has been reported in children with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and intellectual disability (ID). The etiology of sleep disorders in these children is heterogeneous and, recently, iron deficiency has received increasing attention. This study aims to investigate sleep features in children with NDDs and to explore a possible correlation between serum iron status biomarkers and qualitative features of sleep. We included 4- to 12-year-old children with a diagnosis of ASD, ADHD, or ID and assessed their sleep features through the children's sleep habits questionnaire (CSHQ). Venous blood samples were collected to investigate ferritin, transferrin, and iron levels. The mean CSHQ total score exceeds the cut-off in all groups of children. In the ASD group, the Parasomnias subscale negatively correlated with serum ferritin levels (Rho = 0.354; p = 0.029). Our findings may suggest the existence of an association between iron status, sleep quality, and neurodevelopmental processes. In clinical practice, sleep assessment should be included in the routine assessment for patients with NDDs. Furthermore, a routine assessment of iron status biomarkers should be recommended for children with NDDs who have sleep disturbances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donatella Giambersio
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (D.G.); (E.D.G.); (R.C.)
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DIMEPRE-J), University of Studies of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Lucia Marzulli
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience (DIBRAIN), University of Studies of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy (M.G.P.)
| | - Lucia Margari
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DIMEPRE-J), University of Studies of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Emilia Matera
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DIMEPRE-J), University of Studies of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Lino Nobili
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (D.G.); (E.D.G.); (R.C.)
- Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genoa, Italy
| | - Elisa De Grandis
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (D.G.); (E.D.G.); (R.C.)
- Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genoa, Italy
| | - Ramona Cordani
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (D.G.); (E.D.G.); (R.C.)
- Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genoa, Italy
| | - Antonella Barbieri
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (D.G.); (E.D.G.); (R.C.)
- Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genoa, Italy
| | - Antonia Peschechera
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DIMEPRE-J), University of Studies of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Anna Margari
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine (DIM), University of Studies of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Maria Giuseppina Petruzzelli
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience (DIBRAIN), University of Studies of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy (M.G.P.)
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12
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Martinez JD, Wilson LG, Brancaleone WP, Peterson KG, Popke DS, Garzon VC, Perez Tremble RE, Donnelly MJ, Mendez Ortega SL, Torres D, Shaver JJ, Clawson BC, Jiang S, Yang Z, Aton SJ. Hypnotic treatment reverses NREM sleep disruption and EEG desynchronization in a mouse model of Fragile X syndrome to rescue memory consolidation deficits. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.07.14.549070. [PMID: 37502832 PMCID: PMC10370139 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.14.549070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is a highly-prevalent genetic cause of intellectual disability, associated with disrupted cognition and sleep abnormalities. Sleep loss itself negatively impacts cognitive function, yet the contribution of sleep loss to impaired cognition in FXS is vastly understudied. One untested possibility is that disrupted cognition in FXS is exacerbated by abnormal sleep. We hypothesized that restoration of sleep-dependent mechanisms could improve functions such as memory consolidation in FXS. We examined whether administration of ML297, a hypnotic drug acting on G-protein-activated inward-rectifying potassium channels, could restore sleep phenotypes and improve disrupted memory consolidation in Fmr1 -/y mice. Using 24-h polysomnographic recordings, we found that Fmr1 -/y mice exhibit reduced non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep and fragmented NREM sleep architecture, alterations in NREM EEG spectral power (including reductions in sleep spindles), and reduced EEG coherence between cortical areas. These alterations were reversed in the hours following ML297 administration. Hypnotic treatment following contextual fear or spatial learning also ameliorated disrupted memory consolidation in Fmr1 -/y mice. Hippocampal activation patterns during memory recall was altered in Fmr1 -/y mice, reflecting an altered balance of activity among principal neurons vs. parvalbumin-expressing (PV+) interneurons. This phenotype was partially reversed by post-learning ML297 administration. These studies suggest that sleep disruption could have a major impact on neurophysiological and behavioral phenotypes in FXS, and that hypnotic therapy may significantly improve disrupted cognition in this disorder.
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13
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Delorme TC, Ozell-Landry W, Cermakian N, Srivastava LK. Behavioral and cellular responses to circadian disruption and prenatal immune activation in mice. Sci Rep 2023; 13:7791. [PMID: 37179433 PMCID: PMC10182998 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-34363-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Most individuals with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), including schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorders, experience disruptions in sleep and circadian rhythms. Epidemiological studies indicate that exposure to prenatal infection increases the risk of developing NDDs. We studied how environmental circadian disruption contributes to NDDs using maternal immune activation (MIA) in mice, which models prenatal infection. Pregnant dams were injected with viral mimetic poly IC (or saline) at E9.5. Adult poly IC- and saline-exposed offspring were subjected to 4 weeks of each of the following: standard lighting (LD1), constant light (LL) and standard lighting again (LD2). Behavioral tests were conducted in the last 12 days of each condition. Poly IC exposure led to significant behavioral differences, including reduced sociability (males only) and deficits in prepulse inhibition. Interestingly, poly IC exposure led to reduced sociability specifically when males were tested after LL exposure. Mice were exposed again to either LD or LL for 4 weeks and microglia were characterized. Notably, poly IC exposure led to increased microglial morphology index and density in dentate gyrus, an effect attenuated by LL exposure. Our findings highlight interactions between circadian disruption and prenatal infection, which has implications in informing the development of circadian-based therapies for individuals with NDDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tara C Delorme
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, 6875 Boulevard LaSalle, Montréal, QC, H4H 1R3, Canada
- Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montréal, QC, H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - William Ozell-Landry
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, 6875 Boulevard LaSalle, Montréal, QC, H4H 1R3, Canada
| | - Nicolas Cermakian
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, 6875 Boulevard LaSalle, Montréal, QC, H4H 1R3, Canada.
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal, QC, H3A 1A1, Canada.
| | - Lalit K Srivastava
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, 6875 Boulevard LaSalle, Montréal, QC, H4H 1R3, Canada.
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal, QC, H3A 1A1, Canada.
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14
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Doldur-Balli F, Zimmerman AJ, Keenan BT, Shetty ZY, Grant SF, Seiler C, Veatch OJ, Pack AI. Pleiotropic effects of a high confidence Autism Spectrum Disorder gene, arid1b, on zebrafish sleep. Neurobiol Sleep Circadian Rhythms 2023; 14:100096. [PMID: 37287661 PMCID: PMC10241967 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbscr.2023.100096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Sleep fulfills critical functions in neurodevelopment, such as promoting synaptic plasticity, neuronal wiring, and brain connectivity which are critical phenomena in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) pathophysiology. Sleep disturbance, specifically insomnia, accompanies ASD and is associated with more severe core symptoms (e.g., social impairment). It is possible that focusing on identifying effective ways to treat sleep problems can help alleviate other ASD-related symptoms. A body of evidence indicates shared mechanisms and neurobiological substrates between sleep and ASD and investigation of these may inform therapeutic effects of improving sleep at both behavioral and molecular levels. In this study, we tested if sleep and social behavior were different in a zebrafish model with the arid1b gene mutated compared to controls. This gene was selected for study as expert curations conducted for the Simons Foundation for Autism Research Institute (SFARI) Gene database define it is as a 'high confidence' ASD gene (i.e., clearly implicated) encoding a chromatin remodeling protein. Homozygous arid1b mutants displayed increased arousability and light sleep compared to their heterozygous and wild type counterparts, based on testing a mechano-acoustic stimulus presenting different vibration frequencies of increasing intensity to detect sleep depth. In addition, decreased social preference was observed in arid1b heterozygous and homozygous mutant zebrafish. The behavioral phenotypes reported in our study are in line with findings from mouse models and human studies and demonstrate the utility of zebrafish as a vertebrate model system with high throughput phenotyping in the investigation of changes in sleep in models relevant to ASD. Furthermore, we demonstrate the importance of including assessments of arousal threshold when studying sleep using in vivo models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fusun Doldur-Balli
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Amber J. Zimmerman
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Brendan T. Keenan
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Zoe Y. Shetty
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Struan F.A. Grant
- Center for Spatial and Functional Genomics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Divisions of Human Genetics and Endocrinology & Diabetes, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Christoph Seiler
- Aquatics Core Facility, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Olivia J. Veatch
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Allan I. Pack
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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15
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Medina E, Peterson S, Ford K, Singletary K, Peixoto L. Critical periods and Autism Spectrum Disorders, a role for sleep. Neurobiol Sleep Circadian Rhythms 2023; 14:100088. [PMID: 36632570 PMCID: PMC9826922 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbscr.2022.100088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain development relies on both experience and genetically defined programs. Time windows where certain brain circuits are particularly receptive to external stimuli, resulting in heightened plasticity, are referred to as "critical periods". Sleep is thought to be essential for normal brain development. Importantly, studies have shown that sleep enhances critical period plasticity and promotes experience-dependent synaptic pruning in the developing mammalian brain. Therefore, normal plasticity during critical periods depends on sleep. Problems falling and staying asleep occur at a higher rate in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) relative to typical development. In this review, we explore the potential link between sleep, critical period plasticity, and ASD. First, we review the importance of critical period plasticity in typical development and the role of sleep in this process. Next, we summarize the evidence linking ASD with deficits in synaptic plasticity in rodent models of high-confidence ASD gene candidates. We then show that the high-confidence rodent models of ASD that show sleep deficits also display plasticity deficits. Given how important sleep is for critical period plasticity, it is essential to understand the connections between synaptic plasticity, sleep, and brain development in ASD. However, studies investigating sleep or plasticity during critical periods in ASD mouse models are lacking. Therefore, we highlight an urgent need to consider developmental trajectory in studies of sleep and plasticity in neurodevelopmental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Medina
- Department of Translational Medicine and Physiology, Sleep and Performance Research Center, Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, United States
| | - Sarah Peterson
- Department of Translational Medicine and Physiology, Sleep and Performance Research Center, Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, United States
| | - Kaitlyn Ford
- Department of Translational Medicine and Physiology, Sleep and Performance Research Center, Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, United States
| | - Kristan Singletary
- Department of Translational Medicine and Physiology, Sleep and Performance Research Center, Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, United States
| | - Lucia Peixoto
- Department of Translational Medicine and Physiology, Sleep and Performance Research Center, Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, United States
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16
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Maurer JJ, Choi A, An I, Sathi N, Chung S. Sleep disturbances in autism spectrum disorder: Animal models, neural mechanisms, and therapeutics. Neurobiol Sleep Circadian Rhythms 2023; 14:100095. [PMID: 37188242 PMCID: PMC10176270 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbscr.2023.100095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Sleep is crucial for brain development. Sleep disturbances are prevalent in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Strikingly, these sleep problems are positively correlated with the severity of ASD core symptoms such as deficits in social skills and stereotypic behavior, indicating that sleep problems and the behavioral characteristics of ASD may be related. In this review, we will discuss sleep disturbances in children with ASD and highlight mouse models to study sleep disturbances and behavioral phenotypes in ASD. In addition, we will review neuromodulators controlling sleep and wakefulness and how these neuromodulatory systems are disrupted in animal models and patients with ASD. Lastly, we will address how the therapeutic interventions for patients with ASD improve various aspects of sleep. Together, gaining mechanistic insights into the neural mechanisms underlying sleep disturbances in children with ASD will help us to develop better therapeutic interventions.
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17
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Moysés-Oliveira M, Paschalidis M, Souza-Cunha LA, Esteves-Guerreiro PA, Adami LNG, Kloster AK, Mosini AC, Moreira GA, Doria S, Tempaku PF, Pires GN, Andersen ML, Tufik S. Genetic basis of sleep phenotypes and rare neurodevelopmental syndromes reveal shared molecular pathways. J Neurosci Res 2023; 101:1058-1067. [PMID: 36791049 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.25180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Sleep-related phenotypes have been frequently reported in early on-set epileptic encephalopathies and in developmental delay syndromes, in particular in syndromes related to autism spectrum disorder. Yet the convergent pathogenetic mechanisms between these comorbidities are largely unknown. We first performed a gene enrichment study that identified shared risk genes among rare epileptic encephalopathies/neurodevelopmental disorders, rare developmental delay genetic syndromes and sleep disturbances. We then determined cellular and molecular pathways enriched among genes shared between sleep phenotypes and those two early onset mental illnesses, aiming to identify genetic disparities and commonalities among these phenotypic groups. The sleep gene set was observed as significantly overlapped with the two gene lists associated to rare genetic syndromes (i.e., epileptic encephalopathies/neurodevelopmental disorders and developmental delay gene sets), suggesting shared genetic contribution. Similarities across significantly enriched pathways between the two intersect lists comprehended mostly synapse-related pathways, such as retrograde endocannabinoid signaling, serotonergic, and GABAergic synapse. Network analysis indicates epileptic encephalopathies/neurodevelopmental disorders versus sleep-specific clusters and developmental delay versus sleep-specific clusters related to synaptic and transcriptional regulation, respectively. Longstanding functional patterns previously described in epileptic encephalopathies and neurodevelopmental disorders genetic architecture were recaptured after dissecting the overlap between the genes associated to those developmental phenotypes and sleep disturbances, suggesting that during neurodevelopment different molecular and functional mechanisms are related to alterations on circadian rhythm. The overlapping gene set and biological pathways highlighted by this study may serve as a primer for new functional investigations of shared molecular mechanisms between sleep disturbances and rare developmental syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Gustavo A Moreira
- Sleep Institute, São Paulo, Brazil.,Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Departamento de Pediatria, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sandra Doria
- Sleep Institute, São Paulo, Brazil.,Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Priscila F Tempaku
- Sleep Institute, São Paulo, Brazil.,Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gabriel N Pires
- Sleep Institute, São Paulo, Brazil.,Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Monica L Andersen
- Sleep Institute, São Paulo, Brazil.,Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sergio Tufik
- Sleep Institute, São Paulo, Brazil.,Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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18
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Garic D. The Important Link Between Sleep and Brain Health in Autism. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY. COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING 2023; 8:3-5. [PMID: 36610771 PMCID: PMC10166597 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2022.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dea Garic
- From the Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina..
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19
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Diering GH. Remembering and forgetting in sleep: Selective synaptic plasticity during sleep driven by scaling factors Homer1a and Arc. Neurobiol Stress 2022; 22:100512. [PMID: 36632309 PMCID: PMC9826981 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynstr.2022.100512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Sleep is a conserved and essential process that supports learning and memory. Synapses are a major target of sleep function and a locus of sleep need. Evidence in the literature suggests that the need for sleep has a cellular or microcircuit level basis, and that sleep need can accumulate within localized brain regions as a function of waking activity. Activation of sleep promoting kinases and accumulation of synaptic phosphorylation was recently shown to be part of the molecular basis for the localized sleep need. A prominent hypothesis in the field suggests that some benefits of sleep are mediated by a broad but selective weakening, or scaling-down, of synaptic strength during sleep in order to offset increased excitability from synaptic potentiation during wake. The literature also shows that synapses can be strengthened during sleep, raising the question of what molecular mechanisms may allow for selection of synaptic plasticity types during sleep. Here I describe mechanisms of action of the scaling factors Arc and Homer1a in selective plasticity and links with sleep need. Arc and Homer1a are induced in neurons in response to waking neuronal activity and accumulate with time spent awake. I suggest that during sleep, Arc and Homer1a drive broad weakening of synapses through homeostatic scaling-down, but in a manner that is sensitive to the plasticity history of individual synapses, based on patterned phosphorylation of synaptic proteins. Therefore, Arc and Homer1a may offer insights into the intricate links between a cellular basis of sleep need and memory consolidation during sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graham H. Diering
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology and the UNC Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA,Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities, USA,111 Mason Farm Road, 5200 Medical and Biomolecular Research Building, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7545, USA.
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20
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Medina E, Schoch H, Ford K, Wintler T, Singletary KG, Peixoto L. Shank3 influences mammalian sleep development. J Neurosci Res 2022; 100:2174-2186. [PMID: 36056598 PMCID: PMC9588578 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.25119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Sleep problems are prevalent in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), can be observed before diagnosis, and are associated with increased restricted and repetitive behaviors. Therefore, sleep abnormalities may be a core feature of the disorder, but the developmental trajectory remains unknown. Animal models provide a unique opportunity to understand sleep ontogenesis in ASD. Previously we showed that adult mice with a truncation in the high-confidence ASD gene Shank3 (Shank3∆C ) recapitulate the clinical sleep phenotype. In this study we used longitudinal electro-encephalographic (EEG) recordings to define, for the first time, changes in sleep from weaning to young adulthood in an ASD mouse model. We show that Shank3∆C male mice sleep less overall throughout their lifespan, have increased rapid eye movement (REM) sleep early in life despite significantly reduced non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep, and have abnormal responses to increased sleep pressure that emerge during a specific developmental period. We demonstrate that the ability to fall asleep quickly in response to sleep loss develops normally between 24 and 30 days in mice. However, mutants are unable to reduce sleep latency after periods of prolonged waking and maintain the same response to sleep loss regardless of age. This phenomenon seems independent of homeostatic NREM sleep slow-wave dynamics. Overall, our study recapitulates both preclinical models and clinical studies showing that reduced sleep is consistently associated with ASD and suggests that problems falling asleep may reflect abnormal development of sleep and arousal mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Medina
- Department of Translational Medicine and Physiology, Sleep and Performance Research Center, Elson S. Floyd College of MedicineWashington State UniversitySpokaneWashingtonUSA
| | - Hannah Schoch
- Department of Translational Medicine and Physiology, Sleep and Performance Research Center, Elson S. Floyd College of MedicineWashington State UniversitySpokaneWashingtonUSA
| | - Kaitlyn Ford
- Department of Translational Medicine and Physiology, Sleep and Performance Research Center, Elson S. Floyd College of MedicineWashington State UniversitySpokaneWashingtonUSA
| | - Taylor Wintler
- Department of Translational Medicine and Physiology, Sleep and Performance Research Center, Elson S. Floyd College of MedicineWashington State UniversitySpokaneWashingtonUSA
| | - Kristan G. Singletary
- Department of Translational Medicine and Physiology, Sleep and Performance Research Center, Elson S. Floyd College of MedicineWashington State UniversitySpokaneWashingtonUSA
| | - Lucia Peixoto
- Department of Translational Medicine and Physiology, Sleep and Performance Research Center, Elson S. Floyd College of MedicineWashington State UniversitySpokaneWashingtonUSA
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21
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Tesfaye R, Huguet G, Schmilovich Z, Renne T, Loum MA, Douard E, Saci Z, Jean-Louis M, Martineau JL, Whelan R, Desrivieres S, Heinz A, Schumann G, Hayward C, Elsabbagh M, Jacquemont S. Investigating the contributions of circadian pathway and insomnia risk genes to autism and sleep disturbances. Transl Psychiatry 2022; 12:424. [PMID: 36192372 PMCID: PMC9529939 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-022-02188-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Sleep disturbance is prevalent in youth with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Researchers have posited that circadian dysfunction may contribute to sleep problems or exacerbate ASD symptomatology. However, there is limited genetic evidence of this. It is also unclear how insomnia risk genes identified through GWAS in general populations are related to ASD and common sleep problems like insomnia traits in ASD. We investigated the contribution of copy number variants (CNVs) encompassing circadian pathway genes and insomnia risk genes to ASD risk as well as sleep disturbances in children with ASD. We studied 5860 ASD probands and 2092 unaffected siblings from the Simons Simplex Collection (SSC) and MSSNG database, as well as 7509 individuals from two unselected populations (IMAGEN and Generation Scotland). Sleep duration and insomnia symptoms were parent reported for SSC probands. We identified 335 and 616 rare CNVs encompassing circadian and insomnia risk genes respectively. Deletions and duplications with circadian genes were overrepresented in ASD probands compared to siblings and unselected controls. For insomnia-risk genes, deletions (not duplications) were associated with ASD in both cohorts. Results remained significant after adjusting for cognitive ability. CNVs containing circadian pathway and insomnia risk genes showed a stronger association with ASD, compared to CNVs containing other genes. Circadian genes did not influence sleep duration or insomnia traits in ASD. Insomnia risk genes intolerant to haploinsufficiency increased risk for insomnia when duplicated. CNVs encompassing circadian and insomnia risk genes increase ASD liability with little to no observable impacts on sleep disturbances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rackeb Tesfaye
- McGill University, Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, Azrieli Centre for Autism Research, Montreal, Canada.
| | - Guillaume Huguet
- UHC Sainte-Justine Research Center, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | | | - Thomas Renne
- UHC Sainte-Justine Research Center, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Mor Absa Loum
- UHC Sainte-Justine Research Center, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Elise Douard
- UHC Sainte-Justine Research Center, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Zohra Saci
- UHC Sainte-Justine Research Center, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | | | - Jean Luc Martineau
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM U A10 "Trajectoires développementales en psychiatrie", Université Paris-Saclay, Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Centre Borelli, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Rob Whelan
- Global Brain Health Institute and School of Psychology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sylvane Desrivieres
- Centre for Population Neuroscience and Precision Medicine (PONS), Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, SGDP Centre, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Andreas Heinz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy CCM, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gunter Schumann
- Centre for Population Neuroscience and Precision Medicine (PONS), Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, SGDP Centre, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- PONS Research Group, Dept of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charite Mitte, Humboldt University, Berlin and Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany, and Institute for Science and Technology of Brain-inspired Intelligence (ISTBI), Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Caroline Hayward
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, United Kingdom
- Generation Scotland, Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, United Kingdom
| | - Mayada Elsabbagh
- McGill University, Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, Azrieli Centre for Autism Research, Montreal, Canada
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Ding J, Guo X, Zhang M, Hao M, Zhang S, Tian R, Long L, Chen X, Dong J, Song H, Yuan J. Development and validation of mathematical nomogram for predicting the risk of poor sleep quality among medical students. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:930617. [PMID: 36213744 PMCID: PMC9537862 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.930617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Despite the increasing prevalence of poor sleep quality among medical students, only few studies have identified the factors associated with it sing methods from epidemiological surveys. Predicting poor sleep quality is critical for ensuring medical Students’ good physical and mental health. The aim of this study was to develop a comprehensive visual predictive nomogram for predicting the risk of poor sleep quality in medical students. Methods We investigated medical Students’ association with poor sleep quality at JiTang College of North China University of Science and Technology through a cross-sectional study. A total of 5,140 medical students were randomized into a training cohort (75%) and a validation cohort (25%). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to explore the factors associated with poor sleep quality. A nomogram was constructed to predict the individual risk of poor sleep quality among the medical students studied. Results 31.9% of medical students in the study reported poor sleep quality. We performed multivariate logistic analysis and obtained the final model, which confirmed the risk and protective factors of poor sleep quality (p < 0.05). Protective factors included the absence of physical discomfort (OR = 0.638, 95% CI: 0.546–0.745). Risk factors included current drinking (OR = 0.638, 95% CI: 0.546∼0.745), heavy study stress (OR = 2.753, 95% CI: 1.456∼5.631), very heavy study stress (OR = 3.182, 95% CI: 1.606∼6.760), depressive symptoms (OR = 4.305, 95% CI: 3.581∼5.180), and anxiety symptoms (OR = 1.808, 95% CI: 1.497∼2.183). The area under the ROC curve for the training set is 0.776 and the area under the ROC curve for the validation set is 0.770, which indicates that our model has good stability and prediction accuracy. Decision curve analysis and calibration curves demonstrate the clinical usefulness of the predictive nomograms. Conclusion Our nomogram helps predict the risk of poor sleep quality among medical students. The nomogram used includes the five factors of drinking, study stress, recent physical discomfort, depressive symptoms, and anxiety symptoms. The model has good performance and can be used for further research on and the management of the sleep quality of medical students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahao Ding
- School of Psychology and Mental Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Xin Guo
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Mengqi Zhang
- School of Psychology and Mental Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Mingxia Hao
- School of Psychology and Mental Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Shuang Zhang
- School of Psychology and Mental Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Rongshen Tian
- School of Psychology and Mental Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Liting Long
- School of Psychology and Mental Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- School of Psychology and Mental Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Jihui Dong
- Jitang College of North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Haiying Song
- Jitang College of North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Jie Yuan
- Jitang College of North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
- *Correspondence: Jie Yuan,
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23
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Lord JS, Gay SM, Harper KM, Nikolova VD, Smith KM, Moy SS, Diering GH. Early life sleep disruption potentiates lasting sex-specific changes in behavior in genetically vulnerable Shank3 heterozygous autism model mice. Mol Autism 2022; 13:35. [PMID: 36038911 PMCID: PMC9425965 DOI: 10.1186/s13229-022-00514-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) experience high rates of sleep disruption beginning early in life; however, the developmental consequences of this disruption are not understood. We examined sleep behavior and the consequences of sleep disruption in developing mice bearing C-terminal truncation mutation in the high-confidence ASD risk gene SHANK3 (Shank3ΔC). We hypothesized that sleep disruption may be an early sign of developmental divergence, and that clinically relevant Shank3WT/ΔC mice may be at increased risk of lasting deleterious outcomes following early life sleep disruption. Methods We recorded sleep behavior in developing Shank3ΔC/ΔC, Shank3WT/ΔC, and wild-type siblings of both sexes using a noninvasive home-cage monitoring system. Separately, litters of Shank3WT/ΔC and wild-type littermates were exposed to automated mechanical sleep disruption for 7 days prior to weaning (early life sleep disruption: ELSD) or post-adolescence (PASD) or undisturbed control (CON) conditions. All groups underwent standard behavioral testing as adults. Results Male and female Shank3ΔC/ΔC mice slept significantly less than wild-type and Shank3WT/ΔC siblings shortly after weaning, with increasing sleep fragmentation in adolescence, indicating that sleep disruption has a developmental onset in this ASD model. ELSD treatment interacted with genetic vulnerability in Shank3WT/ΔC mice, resulting in lasting, sex-specific changes in behavior, whereas wild-type siblings were largely resilient to these effects. Male ELSD Shank3WT/ΔC subjects demonstrated significant changes in sociability, sensory processing, and locomotion, while female ELSD Shank3WT/ΔC subjects had a significant reduction in risk aversion. CON Shank3WT/ΔC mice, PASD mice, and all wild-type mice demonstrated typical behavioral responses in most tests. Limitations This study tested the interaction between developmental sleep disruption and genetic vulnerability using a single ASD mouse model: Shank3ΔC (deletion of exon 21). The broader implications of this work should be supported by additional studies using ASD model mice with distinct genetic vulnerabilities. Conclusion Our study shows that sleep disruption during sensitive periods of early life interacts with underlying genetic vulnerability to drive lasting and sex-specific changes in behavior. As individuals progress through maturation, they gain resilience to the lasting effects of sleep disruption. This work highlights developmental sleep disruption as an important vulnerability in ASD susceptibility. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13229-022-00514-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia S Lord
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology and the Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Sean M Gay
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology and the Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Kathryn M Harper
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Viktoriya D Nikolova
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Kirsten M Smith
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology and the Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Sheryl S Moy
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA. .,Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
| | - Graham H Diering
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology and the Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA. .,Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
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24
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Martin SC, Gay SM, Armstrong ML, Pazhayam NM, Reisdorph N, Diering GH. Tonic endocannabinoid signaling supports sleep through development in both sexes. Sleep 2022; 45:6565640. [PMID: 35395682 PMCID: PMC9366650 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsac083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Sleep is an essential behavior that supports brain function and cognition throughout life, in part by acting on neuronal synapses. The synaptic signaling pathways that mediate the restorative benefits of sleep are not fully understood, particularly in the context of development. Endocannabinoids (eCBs) including 2-arachidonyl glycerol (2-AG) and anandamide (AEA), are bioactive lipids that activate cannabinoid receptor, CB1, to regulate synaptic transmission and mediate cognitive functions and many behaviors, including sleep. We used targeted mass spectrometry to measure changes in forebrain synaptic eCBs during the sleep/wake cycle in juvenile and adolescent mice of both sexes. We find that eCBs lack a daily rhythm in juvenile mice, while in adolescents AEA and related oleoyl ethanolamide are increased during the sleep phase in a circadian manner. Next, we manipulated the eCB system using selective pharmacology and measured the effects on sleep behavior in developing and adult mice of both sexes using a noninvasive piezoelectric home-cage recording apparatus. Enhancement of eCB signaling through inhibition of 2-AG or AEA degradation, increased dark-phase sleep amount and bout length in developing and adult males, but not in females. Inhibition of CB1 by injection of the antagonist AM251 reduced sleep time and caused sleep fragmentation in developing and adult males and females. Our data suggest that males are more sensitive to the sleep-promoting effects of enhanced eCBs but that tonic eCB signaling supports sleep behavior through multiple stages of development in both sexes. This work informs the further development of cannabinoid-based therapeutics for sleep disruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenée C Martin
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology and the UNC Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, NC , USA
| | - Sean M Gay
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology and the UNC Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, NC , USA
| | - Michael L Armstrong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus , Aurora, CO , USA
| | - Nila M Pazhayam
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology and the UNC Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, NC , USA
| | - Nichole Reisdorph
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus , Aurora, CO , USA
| | - Graham H Diering
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology and the UNC Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, NC , USA
- Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities , Carrboro, NC , USA
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25
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Rol de la terapia farmacológica en los trastornos del espectro autista. REVISTA MÉDICA CLÍNICA LAS CONDES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rmclc.2022.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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26
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Doldur-Balli F, Imamura T, Veatch OJ, Gong NN, Lim DC, Hart MP, Abel T, Kayser MS, Brodkin ES, Pack AI. Synaptic dysfunction connects autism spectrum disorder and sleep disturbances: A perspective from studies in model organisms. Sleep Med Rev 2022; 62:101595. [PMID: 35158305 PMCID: PMC9064929 DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2022.101595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Sleep disturbances (SD) accompany many neurodevelopmental disorders, suggesting SD is a transdiagnostic process that can account for behavioral deficits and influence underlying neuropathogenesis. Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) comprises a complex set of neurodevelopmental conditions characterized by challenges in social interaction, communication, and restricted, repetitive behaviors. Diagnosis of ASD is based primarily on behavioral criteria, and there are no drugs that target core symptoms. Among the co-occurring conditions associated with ASD, SD are one of the most prevalent. SD often arises before the onset of other ASD symptoms. Sleep interventions improve not only sleep but also daytime behaviors in children with ASD. Here, we examine sleep phenotypes in multiple model systems relevant to ASD, e.g., mice, zebrafish, fruit flies and worms. Given the functions of sleep in promoting brain connectivity, neural plasticity, emotional regulation and social behavior, all of which are of critical importance in ASD pathogenesis, we propose that synaptic dysfunction is a major mechanism that connects ASD and SD. Common molecular targets in this interplay that are involved in synaptic function might be a novel avenue for therapy of individuals with ASD experiencing SD. Such therapy would be expected to improve not only sleep but also other ASD symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fusun Doldur-Balli
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA.
| | - Toshihiro Imamura
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA; Division of Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Olivia J Veatch
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, USA
| | - Naihua N Gong
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Diane C Lim
- Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine Division, Department of Medicine, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, USA
| | - Michael P Hart
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Ted Abel
- Iowa Neuroscience Institute and Department of Neuroscience & Pharmacology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, USA
| | - Matthew S Kayser
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA; Chronobiology and Sleep Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Edward S Brodkin
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Allan I Pack
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
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Huang L, Xiao D, Sun H, Qu Y, Su X. Behavioral tests for evaluating the characteristics of brain diseases in rodent models: Optimal choices for improved outcomes (Review). Mol Med Rep 2022; 25:183. [PMID: 35348193 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2022.12699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Behavioral assessment is the dominant approach for evaluating whether animal models of brain diseases can successfully mimic the clinical characteristics of diseases. At present, most research regarding brain diseases involves the use of rodent models. While studies have reported numerous methods of behavioral assessments in rodent models of brain diseases, each with different principles, procedures, and assessment criteria, only few reviews have focused on characterizing and differentiating these methods based on applications for which they are most appropriate. Therefore, in the present review, the representative behavioral tests in rodent models of brain diseases were compared and differentiated, aiming to provide convenience for researchers in selecting the optimal methods for their studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyi Huang
- Department of Pediatrics/Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Ministry of Education), West China Second University Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Dongqiong Xiao
- Department of Pediatrics/Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Ministry of Education), West China Second University Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Hao Sun
- Department of Pediatrics/Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Ministry of Education), West China Second University Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Yi Qu
- Department of Pediatrics/Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Ministry of Education), West China Second University Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojuan Su
- Department of Pediatrics/Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Ministry of Education), West China Second University Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
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Yao Y, Jia Y, Wen Y, Cheng B, Cheng S, Liu L, Yang X, Meng P, Chen Y, Li C, Zhang J, Zhang Z, Pan C, Zhang H, Wu C, Wang X, Ning Y, Wang S, Zhang F. Genome-Wide Association Study and Genetic Correlation Scan Provide Insights into Its Genetic Architecture of Sleep Health Score in the UK Biobank Cohort. Nat Sci Sleep 2022; 14:1-12. [PMID: 35023977 PMCID: PMC8747788 DOI: 10.2147/nss.s326818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Most previous genetic studies of sleep behaviors were conducted individually, without comprehensive consideration of the complexity of various sleep behaviors. Our aim is to identify the genetic architecture and potential biomarker of the sleep health score, which more powerfully represents overall sleep traits. PATIENTS AND METHODS We conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of sleep health score (overall assessment of sleep duration, snoring, insomnia, chronotype, and daytime dozing) using 336,463 participants from the UK Biobank. Proteome-wide association study (PWAS) and transcriptome-wide association study (TWAS) were then performed to identify candidate genes at the protein and mRNA level, respectively. We finally used linkage disequilibrium score regression (LDSC) to estimate the genetic correlations between sleep health score and other functionally relevance traits. RESULTS GWAS identified multiple variants near known candidate genes associated with sleep health score, such as MEIS1, FBXL13, MED20 and SMAD5. HDHD2 (PPWAS = 0.0146) and GFAP (PPWAS = 0.0236) were identified associated with sleep health score by PWAS. TWAS identified ORC4 (PTWAS = 0.0212) and ZNF732 (PTWAS = 0.0349) considering mRNA expression level. LDSC found significant genetic correlations of sleep health score with 3 sleep behaviors (including insomnia, snoring, dozing), 4 psychiatry disorders (major depressive disorder, attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, schizophrenia, autism spectrum disorder), and 9 plasma protein (such as Stabilin-1, Stromelysin-2, Cytochrome c) (all LDSC PLDSC < 0.05). CONCLUSION Our results advance the comprehensive understanding of the aetiology and genetic architecture of the sleep health score, refine the understanding of the relationship of sleep health score with other traits and diseases, and may serve as potential targets for future mechanistic studies of sleep phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Yao
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Yumeng Jia
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Wen
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Bolun Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiqiang Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Liu
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuena Yang
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Peilin Meng
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Yujing Chen
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun'e Li
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingxi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuyu Pan
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Huijie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Cuiyan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Yujie Ning
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Sen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
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Burstein O, Geva R. The Brainstem-Informed Autism Framework: Early Life Neurobehavioral Markers. Front Integr Neurosci 2021; 15:759614. [PMID: 34858145 PMCID: PMC8631363 DOI: 10.3389/fnint.2021.759614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) have long-term implications on functioning at multiple levels. In this perspective, we offer a brainstem-informed autism framework (BIAF) that traces the protracted neurobehavioral manifestations of ASD to early life brainstem dysfunctions. Early life brainstem-mediated markers involving functions of autonomic/arousal regulation, sleep-wake homeostasis, and sensorimotor integration are delineated. Their possible contributions to the early identification of susceptible infants are discussed. We suggest that the BIAF expands our multidimensional understanding of ASD by focusing on the early involvement of brainstem systems. Importantly, we propose an integrated BIAF screener that brings about the prospect of a sensitive and reliable early life diagnostic scheme for weighing the risk for ASD. The BIAF screener could provide clinicians substantial gains in the future and may carve customized interventions long before the current DSM ASD phenotype is manifested using dyadic co-regulation of brainstem-informed autism markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Or Burstein
- Department of Psychology, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Ronny Geva
- Department of Psychology, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Gonda Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
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Lian J, Wang K, Luo Y. Investigation of Sleep-Dependent Activation-Interaction Association Network. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2021; 2021:5991-5994. [PMID: 34892483 DOI: 10.1109/embc46164.2021.9629635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The cortical activation and the interaction between cortical regions were considered to exist a strong correlation in recent neuroscience researches. However, such association during sleep was still unclear. The aim of the present work was to further investigate this association according to an activation-interaction association network. This study included 24 healthy individuals and all of them underwent overnight polysomnography. The absolute spectral powers of three frequency bands and the phase transfer entropy were extracted from six electroencephalogram channels. For each frequency band and sleep stage, activation-interaction association networks were built and correlation analysis was conducted by using Pearson correlation test. Results revealed the evident association between features derived from the two approaches during sleep, and as the sleep deepened, these correlation values attenuated in the alpha band, whereas the inversion happened in the delta band. This study exposed more detailed information of cortical activity during sleep, which will facilitate us to conduct research from a more comprehensive perspective, helping us make a more appropriate evaluation and explanation.
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Subjective and Electroencephalographic Sleep Parameters in Children and Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Systematic Review. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10173893. [PMID: 34501341 PMCID: PMC8432113 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10173893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Sleep problems have commonly manifested in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) with a complex and multifactorial interaction between clinical and etiological components. These disorders are associated with functional impairment, and provoke significant physical and mental affliction. The purpose of this study is to update the existing literature about objective and subjective sleep parameters in children and adolescents with ASD, extrapolating information from polysomnography or sleep electroencephalography, and sleep related questionnaires. Methods: We have conducted a systematic review of case-control studies on this topic, performing a web-based search on PubMed, Scopus and the Web of Science databases according to the Preferred Reporting items for Systematic Review and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Results: Data collected from 20 survey result reports showed that children and adolescents with ASD experienced a higher rate of sleep abnormalities than in typically developing children. The macrostructural sleep parameters that were consistent with subjective parent reported measures unveil a greater percentage of nighttime signs of insomnia. Sleep microstructure patterns, in addition, pointed towards the bidirectional relationship between brain dysfunctions and sleep problems in children with ASD. Conclusions: Today’s literature acknowledges that objective and subjective sleep difficulties are more often recognized in individuals with ASD, so clinicians should assess sleep quality in the ASD clinical population, taking into consideration the potential implications on treatment strategies. It would be worthwhile in future studies to examine how factors, such as age, cognitive level or ASD severity could be related to ASD sleep abnormalities. Future research should directly assess whether sleep alterations could represent a specific marker for atypical brain development in ASD.
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Black B. Sleep and Autism: An impactful and complex relationship that requires a personalized medicine approach. Sleep 2021; 44:6320054. [PMID: 34255079 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsab178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Black
- University of Missouri, Department of Child Health, Columbia, MO, United States of America
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Feng S, Huang H, Wang N, Wei Y, Liu Y, Qin D. Sleep Disorders in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder: Insights From Animal Models, Especially Non-human Primate Model. Front Behav Neurosci 2021; 15:673372. [PMID: 34093147 PMCID: PMC8173056 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2021.673372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorder with deficient social skills, communication deficits and repetitive behaviors. The prevalence of ASD has increased among children in recent years. Children with ASD experience more sleep problems, and sleep appears to be essential for the survival and integrity of most living organisms, especially for typical synaptic development and brain plasticity. Many methods have been used to assess sleep problems over past decades such as sleep diaries and parent-reported questionnaires, electroencephalography, actigraphy and videosomnography. A substantial number of rodent and non-human primate models of ASD have been generated. Many of these animal models exhibited sleep disorders at an early age. The aim of this review is to examine and discuss sleep disorders in children with ASD. Toward this aim, we evaluated the prevalence, clinical characteristics, phenotypic analyses, and pathophysiological brain mechanisms of ASD. We highlight the current state of animal models for ASD and explore their implications and prospects for investigating sleep disorders associated with ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shufei Feng
- Department of Pediatric Rehabilitation Medicine, Kunming Children’s Hospital, Kunming, China
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Haoyu Huang
- Department of Pediatric Rehabilitation Medicine, Kunming Children’s Hospital, Kunming, China
| | - Na Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wei
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Yun Liu
- Department of Pediatric Rehabilitation Medicine, Kunming Children’s Hospital, Kunming, China
| | - Dongdong Qin
- Department of Pediatric Rehabilitation Medicine, Kunming Children’s Hospital, Kunming, China
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
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Harabula I, Pombo A. The dynamics of chromatin architecture in brain development and function. Curr Opin Genet Dev 2021; 67:84-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gde.2020.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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He Y, Liu X, Luo Z, Wang Y, Fan K, Tu R, Wu X, Chen G, Hou J, Mao Z, Huo W, Li S, Guo Y, Wang C. Long-term exposure to ambient PM 1 strengthened the association of depression/anxiety symptoms with poor sleep quality: The Henan Rural Cohort study. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 211:111932. [PMID: 33476852 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.111932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Evidence from numerous epidemiological studies for the relationship between mental disorder and sleep quality was inconclusive and few studies assessed the modification effect of exposure to ambient air PM1 (particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter ≤ 1.0 µm) on this association. In this study, 27,572 participants aged 18-79 years from The Henan Rural Cohort study were included in the final analyses. The Patient Health Questionnaire-2 (PHQ-2) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-2 (GAD-2) scales were used to estimate the frequency of depression and anxiety symptoms of all participants, respectively. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scale was used to assess night sleep quality and PSQI global score (GSC) ≥ 6 was classified as poor sleep quality. The three-year average exposure concentration of PM1 before the baseline survey was determined as long-term exposure concentration of ambient PM1. Logistic regression model was conducted to estimate the independent or joint effect of depression/anxiety symptoms and ambient PM1 exposure on poor sleep quality. In the adjusted models, the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) of poor sleep quality associated with depression and anxiety symptoms were 3.75 (3.37, 4.17) and 3.42 (3.06, 3.81), respectively, and that associated with long-term exposure to PM1 was 1.06 (1.03, 1.09). An interaction effect was observed between anxiety symptoms score and PM1 concentration on poor sleep quality. With the increment of PM1 concentration, the association was strengthened between depression/anxiety symptoms and poor sleep quality. Besides, compared with the reference group, the ORs (95% CIs) of poor sleep quality in those with comorbidity of depression and anxiety symptoms were 4.98 (3.95, 6.29), 5.23 (3.98, 6.87), 5.76 (4.42, 7.49), and 5.58 (3.83, 8.14), respectively, from the first to the fourth quartile level of the PM1 concentration. These findings suggested that long-term exposure to PM1 strengthened the association of depression/anxiety symptoms with poor sleep quality in rural China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaling He
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Xiaotian Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Zhicheng Luo
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Keliang Fan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Runqi Tu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Xueyan Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Gongbo Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental and Health risk Assessment; Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jian Hou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Zhenxing Mao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Wenqian Huo
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Shanshan Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Yuming Guo
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China; Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Chongjian Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China.
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Altered circadian rhythms in a mouse model of neurodevelopmental disorders based on prenatal maternal immune activation. Brain Behav Immun 2021; 93:119-131. [PMID: 33412254 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Individuals with neurodevelopmental disorders, such as schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorder, exhibit various sleep and circadian rhythm disturbances that often persist and worsen throughout the lifespan. To study the interaction between circadian rhythm disruption and neurodevelopmental disorders, we utilized a mouse model based on prenatal maternal immune activation (MIA). We hypothesized that MIA exposure would lead to impaired circadian locomotor activity rhythms in adult mouse offspring. We induced MIA by injecting pregnant dams with polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (poly IC) at embryonic day 9.5, then aged resulting offspring to adulthood. We first confirmed that poly IC injection in pregnant dams elevated plasma levels of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. We then placed adult offspring in running wheels and subjected them to various lighting conditions. Overall, poly IC-exposed male offspring exhibited altered locomotor activity rhythms, reminiscent of individuals with neurodevelopmental disorders. In particular, we report increased (subjective) day activity across 3 different lighting conditions: 12 h of light, 12 h of dark (12:12LD), constant darkness (DD) and constant light. Further data analysis indicated that this was driven by increased activity in the beginning of the (subjective) day in 12:12LD and DD, and at the end of the day in 12:12LD. This effect was sex-dependent, as in utero poly IC exposure led overall to much milder alterations in locomotor activity rhythms in female offspring than in male offspring. We also confirmed that the observed behavioral impairments in adult poly IC-exposed offspring were not due to differences in maternal behavior. These data further our understanding of the link between circadian rhythm disruption and neurodevelopmental disorders and may have implications for mitigating risk to the disorders and/or informing the development of circadian-based therapies.
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Theiler M, Knöpfel N, von der Heydt S, Schwieger-Briel A, Luchsinger I, Smith A, Kernland-Lang K, Waelchli R, Neuhaus K, Kohler M, Gnannt R, Schoch SF, Weibel L, Kurth S. Sleep behavior of infants with infantile hemangioma treated with propranolol-a cohort study. Eur J Pediatr 2021; 180:2655-2668. [PMID: 34143243 PMCID: PMC8285307 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-021-04147-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Sleep problems are frequently reported in infants treated with propranolol for infantile hemangiomas, possibly serving as a marker for a negative impact on central nervous system function. In this cohort study, we objectively investigate the sleep behavior of infants with infantile hemangiomas on propranolol compared to a healthy, untreated control group. Sleep of propranolol-treated infants and controls was investigated using ankle actigraphy and a 24-h diary for 7-10 days at ages 3 and 6 months. The main outcome measures were the Number of Nighttime Awakenings and Sleep Efficiency. The main secondary outcome measures included 24-hour Total Sleep, daytime sleep behavior, and parent-rated infant sleep quality and behavioral development based on the Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ) and the age-appropriate Ages-and-Stages Questionnaire (ASQ), respectively. Fifty-four term-born infants were included in each cohort. No group difference in any investigated parameter was seen at age 3 months. At age 6 months, the propranolol group exhibited a decrease in Sleep Efficiency and a trend towards an increased Number of Nighttime Awakenings compared to the control group. Treated infants at 6 months also had shorter daytime waking periods. 24-hour Total Sleep was unaffected by propranolol. No negative impact of propranolol on subjective sleep quality and behavioral development was noted.Conclusion: Propranolol exerts a measurable yet mild impact on objectively assessed infants' sleep measures. Behavioral developmental scores were unaffected. Our results support propranolol as first-line therapy for complicated infantile hemangiomas. What is Known: • Sleep disorders are frequently reported in infants with infantile hemangiomas treated with propranolol and often lead to treatment discontinuation. • Investigations of the sleep pattern in this patient group using objective measures are lacking. What is New: • The sleep pattern of propranolol-treated infants is assessed using actigraphy and a 24-h sleep diary and compared to healthy, untreated controls. • Propranolol leads to a decreased sleep efficiency at night and an increased demand of daytime sleep, yet effects are mild overall.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Theiler
- Pediatric Skin Center, Dermatology Department, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Steinwiesstrasse 75, CH-8032, Zurich, Switzerland. .,Vascular Anomalies Board Zurich, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. .,Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Nicole Knöpfel
- Pediatric Skin Center, Dermatology Department, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Steinwiesstrasse 75, CH-8032, Zurich, Switzerland. .,Vascular Anomalies Board Zurich, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. .,Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Susanne von der Heydt
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Charité University Medicine, Virchow Medical Center, Berlin, Germany
| | - Agnes Schwieger-Briel
- Pediatric Skin Center, Dermatology Department, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, Steinwiesstrasse 75, CH-8032 Zurich, Switzerland ,Vascular Anomalies Board Zurich, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland ,Children’s Research Center, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Isabelle Luchsinger
- Pediatric Skin Center, Dermatology Department, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, Steinwiesstrasse 75, CH-8032 Zurich, Switzerland ,Vascular Anomalies Board Zurich, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland ,Children’s Research Center, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Alexandra Smith
- Division of Pediatric Dermatology, Kantonsspital Winterthur, Winterthur, Switzerland
| | | | - Regula Waelchli
- Pediatric Skin Center, Dermatology Department, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, Steinwiesstrasse 75, CH-8032 Zurich, Switzerland ,Vascular Anomalies Board Zurich, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland ,Children’s Research Center, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Kathrin Neuhaus
- Vascular Anomalies Board Zurich, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland ,Children’s Research Center, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland ,Pediatric Skin Center, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Malcolm Kohler
- Department of Pulmonology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ralph Gnannt
- Vascular Anomalies Board Zurich, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland ,Children’s Research Center, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland ,Division of Pediatric Interventional Radiology, Department of Diagnostic Imaging, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sarah F. Schoch
- Department of Pulmonology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland ,Center of Competence Sleep & Health Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lisa Weibel
- Pediatric Skin Center, Dermatology Department, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Steinwiesstrasse 75, CH-8032, Zurich, Switzerland. .,Vascular Anomalies Board Zurich, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. .,Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Salome Kurth
- Department of Pulmonology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. .,Center of Competence Sleep & Health Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. .,Department of Psychology, University of Fribourg, 1700, Fribourg, Switzerland.
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Frank MG. The Ontogenesis of Mammalian Sleep: Form and Function. CURRENT SLEEP MEDICINE REPORTS 2020; 6:267-279. [PMID: 33816063 PMCID: PMC8014960 DOI: 10.1007/s40675-020-00190-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To present an up-to-date review and synthesis of findings about perinatal sleep development and function. I discuss landmark events in sleep ontogenesis, evidence that sleep promotes brain development and plasticity, and experimental considerations in this topic. RECENT FINDINGS Mammalian sleep undergoes dramatic changes in expression and regulation during perinatal development. This includes a progressive decrease in rapid-eye-movement (REM) sleep time, corresponding increases in nonREM sleep and wake time, and the appearance of mature sleep regulatory processes (homeostatic and circadian). These developmental events coincide with periods of rapid brain maturation and heightened synaptic plasticity. The latter involve an initial experience-independent phase, when circuit development is guided by spontaneous activity, and later occurring critical periods, when these circuits are shaped by experience. SUMMARY These ontogenetic changes suggest important interactions between sleep and brain development. More specifically, sleep may promote developmental programs of synaptogenesis and synaptic pruning and influence the opening and closing of critical periods of brain plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos G Frank
- Washington State University Spokane, Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Science Building 213, 412 E. Spokane Falls Blvd
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Insomnia and Treatment Strategies: Improving Quality of Life in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder. J Autism Dev Disord 2020; 51:2559-2560. [PMID: 32949314 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-020-04705-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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