1
|
Li J, Qin B, Huang M, Ma Y, Li D, Li W, Guo Z. Tumor-Associated Antigens (TAAs) for the Serological Diagnosis of Osteosarcoma. Front Immunol 2021; 12:665106. [PMID: 33995397 PMCID: PMC8119874 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.665106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common form of malignant bone tumor found in childhood and adolescence. Although its incidence rate is low among cancers, the prognosis of OS is usually poor. Although some biomarkers, such as p53, have been identified in OS, the association between the biomarkers and clinical outcome is not well understood. Thus, it is necessary to establish a method to identify patients diagnosed with OS at an early stage. It is becoming obvious that anti-tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) autoantibodies (TAAbs) in sera could be used as serological biomarkers in the detection of many different types of cancers. This notion indicates that TAAbs are considered as immunological “sentinels” associated with tumorigenesis underlying molecular events. It provides new insights into the molecular and cellular biology of the differential diagnosis of cancers. What’s more, it is reported that a customized TAA array could significantly increase the sensitivity/specificity. TAA arrays also have great application prospects in detecting cancer at an early stage, monitoring cancer progression, discovering new therapeutic targets, and designing personalized treatment. In this review, we provide an overview of the TAAs identified in OS as well as the possibility that TAAs and TAAbs system be used as biomarkers in the immunodiagnosis and prognosis of OS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jitian Li
- Henan Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital (Henan Provincial Orthopedic Hospital)/Henan Institute of Orthopedic and Traumatology, Luoyang, China
| | - Bo Qin
- Transitional Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Manyu Huang
- Henan Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital (Henan Provincial Orthopedic Hospital)/Henan Institute of Orthopedic and Traumatology, Luoyang, China
| | - Yan Ma
- Henan Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital (Henan Provincial Orthopedic Hospital)/Henan Institute of Orthopedic and Traumatology, Luoyang, China
| | - Dongsheng Li
- Henan Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital (Henan Provincial Orthopedic Hospital)/Henan Institute of Orthopedic and Traumatology, Luoyang, China
| | - Wuyin Li
- Henan Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital (Henan Provincial Orthopedic Hospital)/Henan Institute of Orthopedic and Traumatology, Luoyang, China
| | - Zhiping Guo
- Henan Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital (Henan Provincial Orthopedic Hospital)/Henan Institute of Orthopedic and Traumatology, Luoyang, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Das B, Senapati S. Immunological and functional aspects of MAGEA3 cancer/testis antigen. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2020; 125:121-147. [PMID: 33931137 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2020.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Identification of ectopic gene activation in cancer cells serves as a basis for both gene signature-guided tumor targeting and unearthing of oncogenic mechanisms to expand the understanding of tumor biology/oncogenic process. Proteins expressed only in germ cells of testis and/or placenta (immunoprivileged organs) and in malignancies are called cancer testis antigens; they are antigenic because of the lack of antigen presentation by those specific cell types (germ cells), which limits the exposure of the proteins to the immune cells. Since the Cancer Testis Antigens (CTAs) are immunogenic and expressed in a wide variety of cancer types, CT antigens have become interesting target for immunotherapy against cancer. Among CT antigens MAGEA family is reported to have 12 members (MAGEA1 to MAGEA12). The current review highlights the studies on MAGEA3 which is a CT antigen and reported in almost all types of cancer. MAGEA3 is well tried for cancer immunotherapy. Recent advances on its functional and immunological aspect warranted much deliberation on effective therapeutic approach, thus making it a more interesting target for cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Biswajit Das
- Tumor Microenvironment and Animal Models Lab, Department of Cancer Biology, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India; Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Shantibhusan Senapati
- Tumor Microenvironment and Animal Models Lab, Department of Cancer Biology, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Genetically Modified T-Cell Therapy for Osteosarcoma: Into the Roaring 2020s. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1257:109-131. [PMID: 32483735 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-43032-0_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
T-cell immunotherapy may offer an approach to improve outcomes for patients with osteosarcoma who fail current therapies. In addition, it has the potential to reduce treatment-related complications for all patients. Generating tumor-specific T cells with conventional antigen-presenting cells ex vivo is time-consuming and often results in T-cell products with a low frequency of tumor-specific T cells. Furthermore, the generated T cells remain sensitive to the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Genetic modification of T cells is one strategy to overcome these limitations. For example, T cells can be genetically modified to render them antigen specific, resistant to inhibitory factors, or increase their ability to home to tumor sites. Most genetic modification strategies have only been evaluated in preclinical models; however, early clinical phase trials are in progress. In this chapter, we will review the current status of gene-modified T-cell therapy with special focus on osteosarcoma, highlighting potential antigenic targets, preclinical and clinical studies, and strategies to improve current T-cell therapy approaches.
Collapse
|
4
|
Wei R, Dean DC, Thanindratarn P, Hornicek FJ, Guo W, Duan Z. Cancer testis antigens in sarcoma: Expression, function and immunotherapeutic application. Cancer Lett 2019; 479:54-60. [PMID: 31634526 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2019.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Sarcomas are a group of heterogeneous malignancies of mesenchymal origin. Patient outcomes remain especially grim for those with recurrent or metastatic disease, and current therapeutic strategies have not significantly improved outcomes over the past few decades. This has led to a number of studies assessing novel therapies. Cancer testis antigens (CTAs) are tumor-associated antigens with physiologic expression in the testis and various malignancies, including sarcomas. Genes encoding CTAs include MAGE, NY-ESO-1, PRAME, TRAG-3/CSAGE, and SSX. The importance and function of CTAs in tumorigenesis have gained recognition in recent years. They are also proving as robust diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. Therapeutically, antigens derived from CTAs are highly recognizable by T lymphocytes and therefore capable of generating a potent antitumor immune response. CTAs are, therefore, promising targets for novel immunotherapies. Here we review the emerging works on expression, function, and immunotherapeutic application of CTAs in sarcoma therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ran Wei
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Sarcoma Biology Laboratory, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 615 Charles E. Young Dr. South, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA; Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People's Hospital, No. 11 Xizhimen South Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100044, China.
| | - Dylan C Dean
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Sarcoma Biology Laboratory, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 615 Charles E. Young Dr. South, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
| | - Pichaya Thanindratarn
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Sarcoma Biology Laboratory, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 615 Charles E. Young Dr. South, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
| | - Francis J Hornicek
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Sarcoma Biology Laboratory, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 615 Charles E. Young Dr. South, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
| | - Wei Guo
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People's Hospital, No. 11 Xizhimen South Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100044, China.
| | - Zhenfeng Duan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Sarcoma Biology Laboratory, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 615 Charles E. Young Dr. South, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Long P, Zhang Q, Xue M, Cao G, Li C, Chen W, Jin F, Li Z, Li R, Wang X, Ge W. Tomato lectin-modified nanoemulsion-encapsulated MAGE1-HSP70/SEA complex protein vaccine: Targeting intestinal M cells following peroral administration. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 115:108886. [PMID: 31029887 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.108886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Vaccines administered orally enable the stimulation of both the mucous membrane and system immune responses. However, tumor vaccines, whose effective elements are antigen protein molecules or gene-encoding antigens, are hardly accustomed to the harsh gastrointestinal environment. Here, we explored an oral nanoecapsulated tumor vaccine complex to evaluate the anti-tumor effect. Tomato lectin (TL) was modified on the surface of a nanoemulsion (NE) composed of MAGE1-HSP70/SEA (MHS). C57BL/6 mice were immunized with NE (-), NE (MHS) and TL-NE (MHS) via po. or sc. administration. Additionally, the cellular immunocompetence was detected by the enzyme-linked immunospot assay and lactate dehydrogenase release assay. Serum antibody titers were analyzed using the enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay. Next, the therapeutic and tumor challenge assays were performed. The TL-NE (MHS) particles were 20 ± 5 nm in diameter and could resist pepsin and trypsin digestion. The cellular immune responses elicited by TL-NE (MHS) perioral were stronger than those by TL-NE (MHS)-sc. (p < 0.05) when targeted to B16-MAGE1 tumor cells. The levels of MAGE-1 antibody induced by TL-NE (MHS) via the oral route was higher than control group (p < 0.05). The percentage of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in TL-NE (MHS)-po. group was more than other groups (p < 0.05). Furthermore, oral TL-NE (M)HScould delay tumor growth and defer tumor occurrence and tumor recurrence after resection in mice challenged with B16-MAGE-1 tumor cells. The study suggested that the oral TL-NE (MHS) vaccine delivery system is feasible to improve the vaccine protection effect and may have broad application in cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pan Long
- Department of Geriatrics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710032, PR China; Center of Clinical Aerospace Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710032, PR China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710032, PR China
| | - Mingtao Xue
- Department of Geriatrics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710032, PR China
| | - Guihua Cao
- Department of Geriatrics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710032, PR China
| | - Cui Li
- Department of Geriatrics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710032, PR China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Geriatrics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710032, PR China
| | - Fengzhong Jin
- Department of Geriatrics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710032, PR China
| | - Zengshan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710032, PR China
| | - Rong Li
- Department of Geriatrics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710032, PR China
| | - Xiaoming Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710032, PR China
| | - Wei Ge
- Department of Geriatrics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710032, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Eder-Czembirek C, Moser D, Holawe S, Brodowicz T, Ries J, Sulzbacher I, Selzer E. Osteosarcoma of the jaw - experience at the Medical University Vienna and comparative study with international tumor registries. Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2019; 74:e701. [PMID: 31038644 PMCID: PMC6467170 DOI: 10.6061/clinics/2019/e701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Osteosarcoma of the jaw (OSAJ) is fundamentally different in clinical practice from its peripheral counterparts. Studies are difficult to conduct due to low incidence rates. The primary aim of this study was to provide for the first time a comprehensive retrospective analysis of the treatment concepts and outcome data of OSAJ patients treated at the University Hospital Vienna and to compare these with two recently published studies on OSAJ. The clinical study was accompanied by a biomarker study investigating the prognostic relevance of melanoma-associated antigen-A (MAGE-A) in OSAJ specimens. METHOD Eighteen patients were included, and their outcomes were compared to published data. Immunohistochemistry was performed with mouse monoclonal antibodies against MAGE-A. Survival rates were estimated by the Kaplan-Meyer method. The log-rank test was used to analyze potential prognostic parameters. Fisher's exact test was performed to define the significant differences between the survival rates of the current study and the DOESAK registry. RESULTS Disease-specific survival was 93.8% after five and 56.3% after ten years. The development of metastases (p=0.033) or relapse (p=0.037) was associated with worsened outcomes in our group as well as in the comparative group. Despite the different treatment concepts of the study groups, survival rates were comparable. MAGE-A failed to show prognostic relevance for OSAJ patients. CONCLUSIONS Uncertainties about the optimal treatment strategies of OSAJ patients will currently remain. Thus, prospective studies of OSAJ are needed but are only feasible in a multicenter study setting, conducted over a prolonged time period.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christina Eder-Czembirek
- Department of Cranio, Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Doris Moser
- Department of Cranio, Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Simone Holawe
- Department of Cranio, Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Brodowicz
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jutta Ries
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Erlangen University Hospital, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Irene Sulzbacher
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Edgar Selzer
- University Clinic of Radiotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Corresponding author. E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Baldauf MC, Gerke JS, Kirschner A, Blaeschke F, Effenberger M, Schober K, Rubio RA, Kanaseki T, Kiran MM, Dallmayer M, Musa J, Akpolat N, Akatli AN, Rosman FC, Özen Ö, Sugita S, Hasegawa T, Sugimura H, Baumhoer D, Knott MML, Sannino G, Marchetto A, Li J, Busch DH, Feuchtinger T, Ohmura S, Orth MF, Thiel U, Kirchner T, Grünewald TGP. Systematic identification of cancer-specific MHC-binding peptides with RAVEN. Oncoimmunology 2018; 7:e1481558. [PMID: 30228952 PMCID: PMC6140548 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2018.1481558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy can revolutionize anti-cancer therapy if specific targets are available. Immunogenic peptides encoded by cancer-specific genes (CSGs) may enable targeted immunotherapy, even of oligo-mutated cancers, which lack neo-antigens generated by protein-coding missense mutations. Here, we describe an algorithm and user-friendly software named RAVEN (Rich Analysis of Variable gene Expressions in Numerous tissues) that automatizes the systematic and fast identification of CSG-encoded peptides highly affine to Major Histocompatibility Complexes (MHC) starting from transcriptome data. We applied RAVEN to a dataset assembled from 2,678 simultaneously normalized gene expression microarrays comprising 50 tumor entities, with a focus on oligo-mutated pediatric cancers, and 71 normal tissue types. RAVEN performed a transcriptome-wide scan in each cancer entity for gender-specific CSGs, and identified several established CSGs, but also many novel candidates potentially suitable for targeting multiple cancer types. The specific expression of the most promising CSGs was validated in cancer cell lines and in a comprehensive tissue-microarray. Subsequently, RAVEN identified likely immunogenic CSG-encoded peptides by predicting their affinity to MHCs and excluded sequence identity to abundantly expressed proteins by interrogating the UniProt protein-database. The predicted affinity of selected peptides was validated in T2-cell peptide-binding assays in which many showed binding-kinetics like a very immunogenic influenza control peptide. Collectively, we provide an exquisitely curated catalogue of cancer-specific and highly MHC-affine peptides across 50 cancer types, and a freely available software (https://github.com/JSGerke/RAVENsoftware) to easily apply our algorithm to any gene expression dataset. We anticipate that our peptide libraries and software constitute a rich resource to advance anti-cancer immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michaela C Baldauf
- Faculty of Medicine, Max-Eder Research Group for Pediatric Sarcoma Biology, Institute of Pathology, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Julia S Gerke
- Faculty of Medicine, Max-Eder Research Group for Pediatric Sarcoma Biology, Institute of Pathology, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Andreas Kirschner
- Children's Cancer Research Center, Technische Universität München (TUM), Munich, Germany
| | - Franziska Blaeschke
- Department of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner'sches Children's Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Manuel Effenberger
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Technische Universität München (TUM), Munich, Germany
| | - Kilian Schober
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Technische Universität München (TUM), Munich, Germany
| | - Rebeca Alba Rubio
- Faculty of Medicine, Max-Eder Research Group for Pediatric Sarcoma Biology, Institute of Pathology, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Merve M Kiran
- Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Marlene Dallmayer
- Faculty of Medicine, Max-Eder Research Group for Pediatric Sarcoma Biology, Institute of Pathology, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Julian Musa
- Faculty of Medicine, Max-Eder Research Group for Pediatric Sarcoma Biology, Institute of Pathology, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Nurset Akpolat
- Department of Pathology, Turgut Ozal Medical Center, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Ayse N Akatli
- Department of Pathology, Turgut Ozal Medical Center, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Fernando C Rosman
- Department for Pathology, Hospital Municipal Jesus, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Özlem Özen
- Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Başkent University Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Shintaro Sugita
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Tadashi Hasegawa
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Sugimura
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Hamamatsu School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Daniel Baumhoer
- Bone Tumor Reference Center, Institute of Pathology of the University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Maximilian M L Knott
- Faculty of Medicine, Max-Eder Research Group for Pediatric Sarcoma Biology, Institute of Pathology, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Giuseppina Sannino
- Faculty of Medicine, Max-Eder Research Group for Pediatric Sarcoma Biology, Institute of Pathology, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Aruna Marchetto
- Faculty of Medicine, Max-Eder Research Group for Pediatric Sarcoma Biology, Institute of Pathology, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Jing Li
- Faculty of Medicine, Max-Eder Research Group for Pediatric Sarcoma Biology, Institute of Pathology, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Dirk H Busch
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Technische Universität München (TUM), Munich, Germany
| | - Tobias Feuchtinger
- Department of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner'sches Children's Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Shunya Ohmura
- Faculty of Medicine, Max-Eder Research Group for Pediatric Sarcoma Biology, Institute of Pathology, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Martin F Orth
- Faculty of Medicine, Max-Eder Research Group for Pediatric Sarcoma Biology, Institute of Pathology, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Uwe Thiel
- Children's Cancer Research Center, Technische Universität München (TUM), Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Kirchner
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pathology, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas G P Grünewald
- Faculty of Medicine, Max-Eder Research Group for Pediatric Sarcoma Biology, Institute of Pathology, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pathology, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Abstract
Although the development of anticancer drugs has improved the outcomes of bone and soft tissue sarcomas, the clinical outcome of patients with relapsed sarcomas remains unsatisfactory due to therapeutic toxicities and resistance to anticancer drugs. Therefore, novel therapeutic modalities are needed to improve the outcome of patients with bone and soft tissue sarcomas. Dendritic cells present tumor antigens and stimulate immune responses, and immune cells, such as cytotoxic T lymphocytes, kill tumor cells by recognizing tumor antigens. However, immune-suppressive conditions by immune regulator PD-1, CTLA-4 and regulatory T cells help tumor growth and progression. In this report, current immunotherapies including cellular immunotherapy and checkpoint inhibitors are introduced, and the advantages and disadvantages of the treatments are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Miwa
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kanazawa University School of Medicine, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Hideji Nishida
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kanazawa University School of Medicine, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Tsuchiya
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kanazawa University School of Medicine, Kanazawa, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Gao X, Nan Y, Yuan Y, Gong X, Sun Y, Zhou H, Zong Y, Zhang L, Yu M. Gas‑filled ultrasound microbubbles enhance the immunoactivity of the HSP70‑MAGEA1 fusion protein against MAGEA1‑expressing tumours. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:315-321. [PMID: 29749485 PMCID: PMC6059686 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Advanced malignant melanoma is characterized by rapid development, poor prognosis and insensitivity to chemoradiotherapy. Immunotherapy has become one of the primary clinical treatments for malignant melanomas. In recent decades, identifying specific tumour antigens and the enhanced immunoactivity of tumour vaccines has become critical for engineering successful tumour vaccines. As a widely used vaccine carrier, heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) clearly increases the immunogenicity of tumour antigens, such as melanoma-associated antigen A1 (MAGEA1). Based on previous studies, gas-filled ultrasound microbubbles (MBs) were engineered to carry an HSP70-MAGEA1 fusion protein (FP). Following subcutaneous injection around the lymphatic nodes the FP was directly released into the lymph nodes under ultrasonic imaging. The results indicated that the microbubbles enhanced the immunoactivity of FPs more effectively than HSP70-MAGEA1 fusion alone. Additionally, HSP70-MAGEA1 delivered via microbubbles clearly inhibited and delayed the growth of MAGEA1-expressing B16 melanomas in mice and improved the survival times of these animals compared with the fusion protein alone. The results of the present study demonstrated that controlled MBs enhance the immunoactivity of FPs and also highlights novel, potential vaccine carriers and a new strategy for engineering controllable tumour vaccine designs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xing Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Yang Nan
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710077, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Xue Gong
- Department of Ultrasound, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Sun
- Department of Ultrasound, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Huihui Zhou
- Department of Ultrasound, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Yujin Zong
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, P.R. China
| | - Lijun Zhang
- Department of Clinical Diagnosis, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710038, P.R. China
| | - Ming Yu
- Department of Ultrasound, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Nathenson MJ, Conley AP, Sausville E. Immunotherapy: A New (and Old) Approach to Treatment of Soft Tissue and Bone Sarcomas. Oncologist 2017; 23:71-83. [PMID: 28935774 DOI: 10.1634/theoncologist.2016-0025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Soft tissue and bone sarcomas are a rare and heterogeneous form of cancer. With standard of care treatment options including surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy, the long-term survival is still low for high-risk soft tissue sarcoma patients. New treatment strategies are needed. Immunotherapy offers a new potential treatment paradigm with great promise. Immunotherapy of soft tissue sarcomas dates back to Dr. Coley's first use of toxins in the late 1800s. A variety of strategies of immunotherapy have been tried in soft tissue and bone sarcomas, including various vaccines and cytokines, with limited success. Results of these early clinical trials with vaccines and cytokines were disappointing, but there are reasons to be optimistic. Recent advances, particularly with the use of adoptive T-cell therapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors, have led to a resurgence of this field for all cancer patients. Clinical trials utilizing adoptive T-cell therapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors in soft tissue and bone sarcomas are under way. This paper reviews the current state of evidence for the use of immunotherapy, as well as current immunotherapy strategies (vaccines, adopative T-cell therapy, and immune checkpoint blockade), in soft tissue and bone sarcomas. By understanding the tumor microenviroment of sarcomas and how it relates to their immunoresponsiveness, better immunotherapy clinical trials can be designed, hopefully with improved outcomes for soft tissue and bone sarcoma patients. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Immunotherapy is a promising treatment paradigm that is gaining acceptance for the management of several cancers, including melanoma, renal cell carcinoma, prostate cancer, and lung cancer. There is a long history of immunotherapy in the treatment of soft tissue and bone sarcomas, although with little success. It is important to understand past failures to develop future immunotherapy treatment strategies with an improved possibility of success. This article reviews the history of and current state of immunotherapy research in the treatment of soft tissue and bone sarcomas, with particular regard to vaccine trials, adoptive T-cell therapy, and immune checkpoint blockade.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Nathenson
- Center for Sarcoma and Bone Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Anthony P Conley
- Department of Sarcoma Medical Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Edward Sausville
- Department of Medicine and Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Wang Z, Li B, Ren Y, Ye Z. T-Cell-Based Immunotherapy for Osteosarcoma: Challenges and Opportunities. Front Immunol 2016; 7:353. [PMID: 27683579 PMCID: PMC5021687 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2016.00353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Even though combining surgery with chemotherapy has significantly improved the prognosis of osteosarcoma patients, advanced, metastatic, or recurrent osteosarcomas are often non-responsive to chemotherapy, making development of novel efficient therapeutic methods an urgent need. Adoptive immunotherapy has the potential to be a useful non-surgical modality for treatment of osteosarcoma. Recently, alternative strategies, including immunotherapies using naturally occurring or genetically modified T cells, have been found to hold promise in the treatment of hematologic malignancies and solid tumors. In this review, we will discuss possible T-cell-based therapies against osteosarcoma with a special emphasis on combination strategies to improve the effectiveness of adoptive T cell transfer and, thus, to provide a rationale for the clinical development of immunotherapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhan Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Centre for Orthopaedic Research, Orthopaedics Research Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine , Hangzhou , China
| | - Binghao Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Centre for Orthopaedic Research, Orthopaedics Research Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine , Hangzhou , China
| | - Yingqing Ren
- Department of Orthopaedics, Centre for Orthopaedic Research, Orthopaedics Research Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine , Hangzhou , China
| | - Zhaoming Ye
- Department of Orthopaedics, Centre for Orthopaedic Research, Orthopaedics Research Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine , Hangzhou , China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Li B, Zhu X, Sun L, Yuan L, Zhang J, Li H, Ye Z. Induction of a specific CD8+ T-cell response to cancer/testis antigens by demethylating pre-treatment against osteosarcoma. Oncotarget 2015; 5:10791-802. [PMID: 25301731 PMCID: PMC4279410 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2014] [Accepted: 09/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Conventional non-surgical therapeutic regimens against osteosarcoma are subject to chemoresistance and tumor relapse, and immunotherapy may be promising for this tumor. However, it's hard to find satisfactory epitopes for immunotherapy against osteosarcoma. Cancer/testis antigens (CTAs), such as MAGE-A family and NY-ESO-1, the potential antigens that almost exclusively express in tumor cells and immune-privileged sites, have been found expressed in osteosarcoma also. Nevertheless, the expression of CTAs is downregulated in many tumors, constraining the application of immunotherapy. In this article, we demonstrate that the expression of MAGE-A family and NY-ESO-1 in osteosarcoma cells can be upregulated following treatment with demethylating agent 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine and consequently induces a CTA specific CD8+ T-cell response against osteosarcoma in vitro and in vivo. The in vivo imaging was realized by using luciferase-transfected HOS cells and DiR labeled T-cells in severely combined immunodeficiency mouse models. Cytotoxic T cells specifically recognizing MAGE-A family and NY-ESO-1 clustered at the tumor site in mice pre-treated with DAC and resulted in tumor growth suppression, while it was not observed in mice without DAC pre-treatment. This study is important for more targeted therapeutic approaches and suggests that adoptive immunotherapy, combined with demethylating treatment, has the potential for non-surgical therapeutic strategy against osteosarcoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Binghao Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310008, China
| | - Xiaobing Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Taizhou Cancer Hospital, Taizhou, 317502, China
| | - Lingling Sun
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310008, China
| | - Li Yuan
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310008, China
| | - Hengyuan Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310008, China
| | - Zhaoming Ye
- Centre for Orthopaedic Research, Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310008, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Abstract
Current therapy for sarcomas, though effective in treating local disease, is often ineffective for patients with recurrent or metastatic disease. To improve outcomes, novel approaches are needed and cell therapy has the potential to meet this need since it does not rely on the cytotoxic mechanisms of conventional therapies. The recent successes of T-cell therapies for hematological malignancies have led to renewed interest in exploring cell therapies for solid tumors such as sarcomas. In this review, we will discuss current cell therapies for sarcoma with special emphasis on genetic approaches to improve the effector function of adoptively transferred cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melinda Mata
- Center for Cell & Gene Therapy, Texa Children's Hospital, Houston Methodist Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, 1102 Bates Street, Suite 1770, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Texas Children's Cancer Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, 1102 Bates Street, Suite 1770, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, 1102 Bates Street, Suite 1770, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, 1102 Bates Street, Suite 1770, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Stephen Gottschalk
- Center for Cell & Gene Therapy, Texa Children's Hospital, Houston Methodist Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, 1102 Bates Street, Suite 1770, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Texas Children's Cancer Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, 1102 Bates Street, Suite 1770, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, 1102 Bates Street, Suite 1770, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, 1102 Bates Street, Suite 1770, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Feichtinger J, McFarlane RJ, Larcombe LD. CancerEST: a web-based tool for automatic meta-analysis of public EST data. Database (Oxford) 2014; 2014:bau024. [PMID: 24715218 PMCID: PMC3978373 DOI: 10.1093/database/bau024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2013] [Revised: 02/26/2014] [Accepted: 02/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The identification of cancer-restricted biomarkers is fundamental to the development of novel cancer therapies and diagnostic tools. The construction of comprehensive profiles to define tissue- and cancer-specific gene expression has been central to this. To this end, the exploitation of the current wealth of 'omic'-scale databases can be facilitated by automated approaches, allowing researchers to directly address specific biological questions. Here we present CancerEST, a user-friendly and intuitive web-based tool for the automated identification of candidate cancer markers/targets, for examining tissue specificity as well as for integrated expression profiling. CancerEST operates by means of constructing and meta-analyzing expressed sequence tag (EST) profiles of user-supplied gene sets across an EST database supporting 36 tissue types. Using a validation data set from the literature, we show the functionality and utility of CancerEST. DATABASE URL: http://www.cancerest.org.uk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Feichtinger
- North West Cancer Research Institute, Bangor University, Bangor, Gwynedd LL57 2UW, UK, Institute for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 14, 8010 Graz, Austria, Core Facility Bioinformatics, Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology, Petersgasse 14, 8010 Graz, Austria, NISCHR Cancer Genetics Biomedical Research Unit, Bangor University, Bangor, Gwynedd LL57 2UW, UK, Liverpool Cancer Research UK Centre, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, Merseyside L3 9TA, UK and Applied Mathematics and Computing Group, Cranfield University, Cranfield, Bedfordshire MK43 0AL, UK
| | - Ramsay J. McFarlane
- North West Cancer Research Institute, Bangor University, Bangor, Gwynedd LL57 2UW, UK, Institute for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 14, 8010 Graz, Austria, Core Facility Bioinformatics, Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology, Petersgasse 14, 8010 Graz, Austria, NISCHR Cancer Genetics Biomedical Research Unit, Bangor University, Bangor, Gwynedd LL57 2UW, UK, Liverpool Cancer Research UK Centre, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, Merseyside L3 9TA, UK and Applied Mathematics and Computing Group, Cranfield University, Cranfield, Bedfordshire MK43 0AL, UK
| | - Lee D. Larcombe
- North West Cancer Research Institute, Bangor University, Bangor, Gwynedd LL57 2UW, UK, Institute for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 14, 8010 Graz, Austria, Core Facility Bioinformatics, Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology, Petersgasse 14, 8010 Graz, Austria, NISCHR Cancer Genetics Biomedical Research Unit, Bangor University, Bangor, Gwynedd LL57 2UW, UK, Liverpool Cancer Research UK Centre, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, Merseyside L3 9TA, UK and Applied Mathematics and Computing Group, Cranfield University, Cranfield, Bedfordshire MK43 0AL, UK
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Li Z. Potential of human γδ T cells for immunotherapy of osteosarcoma. Mol Biol Rep 2012; 40:427-37. [PMID: 23065272 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-012-2077-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2012] [Accepted: 10/03/2012] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Recurrent or metastatic osteosarcomas remain a challenging malignancy to treat. Therefore, development and testing of novel therapeutic strategies to target these patients are needed. Adoptive cellular therapy strategies are being evaluated intensively as a novel therapeutic strategy for cancer. Unlike αβ T cells requiring antigen processing and MHC-restricted peptide displayed by antigen-presenting cells, γδ T cells exhibit the potent MHC-unrestricted lytic activity against various tumors in vitro and in vivo. The recent considerable success of γδ T cell-based immunotherapy in lung metastasis of renal cell carcinoma warrants further efforts to apply this treatment to other cancers including osteosarcoma, especially recurrent and metastatic osteosarcomas. In this review, we summarize the available evidence on γδ T cell-based immunotherapy for osteosarcoma that has been achieved to date. More importantly, we discuss potential strategies of the combination of expanded γδ T cells and bisphosphonates, and modification and expansion of αβ TCR modified γδ T cells for improving its efficacy for the treatment of osteosarcoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoxu Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, No. 2, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin Medical University, No. 15, Lequn Road, Guilin 541004, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Szczepanski MJ, DeLeo AB, Łuczak M, Molinska-Glura M, Misiak J, Szarzynska B, Dworacki G, Zagor M, Rozwadowska N, Kurpisz M, Krzeski A, Kruk-Zagajewska A, Kopec T, Banaszewski J, Whiteside TL. PRAME expression in head and neck cancer correlates with markers of poor prognosis and might help in selecting candidates for retinoid chemoprevention in pre-malignant lesions. Oral Oncol 2012; 49:144-51. [PMID: 22944049 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2012.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2012] [Revised: 07/27/2012] [Accepted: 08/03/2012] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES PRAME (Preferentially Expressed Antigen in Melanoma) is a tumor-associated antigen recognized by immunocytes, and it induces cytotoxic T cell-mediated responses in melanoma. PRAME expression in tumors interferes with retinoic acid receptor (RAR) signaling thus promoting tumor progression. Here, we study PRAME expression in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) to determine its potential clinical significance. MATERIALS AND METHODS PRAME expression in HNSCC was evaluated by immunohistochemistry in tissue microarrays of primary tumors (n=53), metastatic lymph nodes (n=8) and normal oral mucosa (n=11). Biopsies of dysplastic oral lesions (n=12) were also examined. PRAME expression levels in tissues were correlated with markers of poor prognosis in HNSCC. PRAME mRNA in HNSCC cell lines and in normal immortalized human keratinocytes (HaCaT cell line) was measured by qRT-PCR, and the protein expression by flow cytometry and western blots. RESULTS PRAME was expressed in HNSCC cell lines and HNSCC lesions. PRAME expression in dysplastic mucosa was variable. No or only weak expression was found in normal cells or tissues. PRAME expression levels significantly correlated with the tumor grade, size, nodal involvement and the clinical status of HNSCC patients. CONCLUSIONS Elevated PRAME expression associates with clinicopathologic markers of poor outcome in HNSCC and might identify potential candidates with pre-cancerous lesions for chemoprevention with retinoids.
Collapse
|
17
|
Gouw LG, Jones KB, Sharma S, Randall RL. Sarcoma immunotherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2011; 3:4139-50. [PMID: 24213130 PMCID: PMC3763415 DOI: 10.3390/cancers3044139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2011] [Revised: 10/19/2011] [Accepted: 10/19/2011] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Much of our knowledge regarding cancer immunotherapy has been derived from sarcoma models. However, translation of preclinical findings to bedside success has been limited in this disease, though several intriguing clinical studies hint at the potential efficacy of this treatment modality. The rarity and heterogeneity of tumors of mesenchymal origin continues to be a challenge from a therapeutic standpoint. Nonetheless, sarcomas remain attractive targets for immunotherapy, as they can be characterized by specific epitopes, either from their mesenchymal origins or specific alterations in gene products. To date, standard vaccine trials have proven disappointing, likely due to mechanisms by which tumors equilibrate with and ultimately escape immune surveillance. More sophisticated approaches will likely require multimodal techniques, both by enhancing immunity, but also geared towards overcoming innate mechanisms of immunosuppression that favor tumorigenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Launce G. Gouw
- Departments of Oncology, Huntsman Cancer Institute at the University of Utah, 2000 Circle of Hope, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA; E-Mail: sunil.sharmahciutah.edu (S.S.)
| | - Kevin B. Jones
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery, Huntsman Cancer Institute at the University of Utah, 2000 Circle of Hope, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA; E-Mails: (K.B.J.); (R.L.R.)
| | - Sunil Sharma
- Departments of Oncology, Huntsman Cancer Institute at the University of Utah, 2000 Circle of Hope, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA; E-Mail: sunil.sharmahciutah.edu (S.S.)
| | - R. Lor Randall
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery, Huntsman Cancer Institute at the University of Utah, 2000 Circle of Hope, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA; E-Mails: (K.B.J.); (R.L.R.)
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Zou C, Shen J, Tang Q, Yang Z, Yin J, Li Z, Xie X, Huang G, Lev D, Wang J. Cancer-testis antigens expressed in osteosarcoma identified by gene microarray correlate with a poor patient prognosis. Cancer 2011; 118:1845-55. [DOI: 10.1002/cncr.26486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2011] [Revised: 07/10/2011] [Accepted: 07/11/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
19
|
Insights on PRAME and osteosarcoma by means of gene expression profiling. J Orthop Sci 2011; 16:458-66. [PMID: 21691740 DOI: 10.1007/s00776-011-0106-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2010] [Accepted: 03/08/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most frequent bone tumor in children and adolescents. Tumor antigens are encoded by genes that are expressed in many types of solid tumors but are silent in normal tissues, with the exception of placenta and male germ-line cells. It has been proposed that antigen tumors are potential tumor markers. OBJECTIVES The premise of this study is that the identification of novel OS-associated transcripts will lead to a better understanding of the events involved in OS pathogenesis and biology. METHODS We analyzed the expression of a panel of seven tumor antigens in OS samples to identify possible tumor markers. After selecting the tumor antigen expressed in most samples of the panel, gene expression profiling was used to identify osteosarcoma-associated molecular alterations. A microarray was employed because of its ability to accurately produce comprehensive expression profiles. RESULTS PRAME was identified as the tumor antigen expressed in most OS samples; it was detected in 68% of the cases. Microarray results showed differences in expression for genes functioning in cell signaling and adhesion as well as extracellular matrix-related genes, implying that such tumors could indeed differ in regard to distinct patterns of tumorigenesis. CONCLUSIONS The hypothesis inferred in this study was gathered mostly from available data concerning other kinds of tumors. There is circumstantial evidence that PRAME expression might be related to distinct patterns of tumorigenesis. Further investigation is needed to validate the differential expression of genes belonging to tumorigenesis-related pathways in PRAME-positive and PRAME-negative tumors.
Collapse
|
20
|
Muraro M, Mereuta OM, Saglio F, Carraro F, Cravero C, Fagioli F. Tumor-associated-antigens or osteosarcoma cell line lysates: two efficient methods for in vitro generation of CTLs with special regard to MHC-I restriction. Cell Immunol 2010; 266:123-9. [PMID: 21040906 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2010.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2010] [Revised: 09/17/2010] [Accepted: 09/20/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The expression of tumor associated antigens (TAA) in osteosarcoma cell lines allowed us to design an in vitro model for the generation of TAA-specific CTLs. Since the MHC-I-restriction of these peptides represents the major obstacle to clinical applications, we studied a second method for the generation of CTLs starting from osteosarcoma cell line lysates and PBMCs of HLA-I compatible healthy donors. TAA-specific CTLs showed high and homogeneous cytotoxic response against each peptide; high levels of IFN-γ were released by osteosarcoma cell line lysate specific-CTLs in response to the osteosarcoma cell line they were activated for. The MHC-I dependent osteosarcoma cell line lysate-specific CTLs activity was proved by the indifference against the HLA-I-negative erytroleukaemia cell line K562 and by the absence of IFN-γ production with the addition of HLA-class I blocking antibodies. These two methods may be considered the model for the autologous setting in the context of immunotherapeutic approaches for osteosarcoma patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michela Muraro
- Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy Unit, Pediatric Onco-Hematology Division, Regina Margherita Children's Hospital, Turin, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Jacobs JFM, Coulie PG, Figdor CG, Adema GJ, de Vries IJM, Hoogerbrugge PM. Targets for active immunotherapy against pediatric solid tumors. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2009; 58:831-41. [PMID: 19009292 PMCID: PMC11030767 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-008-0619-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2008] [Accepted: 10/22/2008] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The potential role of antibodies and T lymphocytes in the eradication of cancer has been demonstrated in numerous animal models and clinical trials. In the last decennia new strategies have been developed for the use of tumor-specific T cells and antibodies in cancer therapy. Effective anti-tumor immunotherapy requires the identification of suitable target antigens. The expression of tumor-specific antigens has been extensively studied for most types of adult tumors. Pediatric patients should be excellent candidates for immunotherapy since their immune system is more potent and flexible as compared to that of adults. So far, these patients do not benefit enough from the progresses in cancer immunotherapy, and one of the reasons is the paucity of tumor-specific antigens identified on pediatric tumors. In this review we discuss the current status of cancer immunotherapy in children, focusing on the identification of tumor-specific antigens on pediatric solid tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J F M Jacobs
- Department of Pediatric Hemato-oncology, Radboud University Medical Centre Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Ge W, Li Y, Li ZS, Zhang SH, Sun YJ, Hu PZ, Wang XM, Huang Y, Si SY, Zhang XM, Sui YF. The antitumor immune responses induced by nanoemulsion-encapsulated MAGE1-HSP70/SEA complex protein vaccine following peroral administration route. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2009; 58:201-8. [PMID: 18523770 PMCID: PMC11030077 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-008-0539-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2008] [Accepted: 05/20/2008] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that there are profuse lymphatic tissues under the intestinal mucous membrane. Moreover, vaccine administered orally can elicit both mucous membrane and system immune response simultaneously, accordingly induce tumor-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte. As a result, the oral route is constituted the preferred immune route for vaccine delivery theoretically. However, numerous vaccines especially protein/peptide vaccines remain poorly available when administered by this route. Nanoemulsion has been shown as a useful vehicle can be developed to enhance the antitumor immune response against antigens encapsulated in it and it is good for the different administration routes. Of particular interest is whether the protein vaccine following peroral route using nanoemulsion as delivery carrier can induce the same, so much as stronger antitumor immune response to following conventional ways such as subcutaneous (sc.) or not. Hence, in the present study, we encapsulated the MAGE1-HSP70 and SEA complex protein in nanoemulsion as nanovaccine NE (MHS) using magnetic ultrasound method. We then immuned C57BL/6 mice with NE (MHS), MHS alone or NE (-) via po. or sc. route and detected the cellular immunocompetence by using ELISpot assay and LDH release assay. The therapeutic and tumor challenge assay were examined then. The results showed that compared with vaccination with MHS or NE (-), the cellular immune responses against MAGE-1 could be elicited fiercely by vaccination with NE (MHS) nanoemulsion. Furthermore, encapsulating MHS in nanoemulsion could delay tumor growth and defer tumor occurrence of mice challenged with B16-MAGE-1 tumor cells. Especially, the peroral administration of NE (MHS) could induce approximately similar antitumor immune responses to the sc. administration, but the MHS unencapsulated with nanoemulsion via po. could induce significantly weaker antitumor immune responses than that via sc., suggesting nanoemulsion as a promising carrier can exert potent antitumor immunity against antigen encapsulated in it and make the tumor protein vaccine immunizing via po. route feasible and effective. It may have a broad application in tumor protein vaccine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi Province, China.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Muraro M, Mereuta O, Carraro F, Madon E, Fagioli F. Osteosarcoma cell line growth inhibition by zoledronate-stimulated effector cells. Cell Immunol 2007; 249:63-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2007.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2007] [Revised: 11/07/2007] [Accepted: 11/10/2007] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
|
24
|
Joyner DE, Damron TA, Aboulafia A, Bokor W, Bastar JD, Randall RL. Heterogeneous expression of melanoma antigen (hMAGE) mRNA in mesenchymal neoplasia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 68:19-27. [PMID: 16774536 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0039.2006.00618.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Recommendations have been advanced recently for the use of cancer/testis (CT) immunotherapy against sarcomas. CT antigens are encoded by cancer-germline genes (e.g., hMAGE family) that are expressed in tumors and male germline cells but typically not in normal tissues. At present, little information is available regarding CT expression in mesenchymal neoplasms, and it remains uncertain whether CT immunotherapy will serve as a viable alternative or adjunct to current sarcoma therapies involving resection, followed by adjuvant radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy. In this study, hMAGEA2, hMAGEA3, hMAGEA4, and hMAGEC1 mRNA content in 21 benign mesenchymal tumors (representing seven histotypes) and 28 primary sarcomas (10 histotypes) was inventoried using real-time-PCR and then compared against hMAGE mRNA expression in non-sarcomatous malignancies, three cell lines, and muscle. hMAGEA2, hMAGEA3, and hMAGEC1 transcripts were infrequent in mesenchymal tissues in general, whereas hMAGEA4 mRNA was present in 84% of all mesenchymal tumors, 100% of non-sarcomatous tumors, all three cell lines, and in four of five muscle samples. Although hMAGEA4 mRNA was detected in four of five muscle preparations, there was no indication that the mRNA was translated into protein. The presence of hMAGEA4 mRNA in muscle, plus the inconsistent and infrequent occurrence of hMAGEA2, hMAGEA3, and hMAGEC1 mRNA within and among mesenchymal tumor histotypes, makes these four hMAGE antigens unlikely candidates for sarcoma-specific immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D E Joyner
- SARC Laboratory, Sarcoma Services, Huntsman Cancer Institute and Department of Orthopaedics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Ge W, Sui YF, Wu DC, Sun YJ, Chen GS, Li ZS, Si SY, Hu PZ, Huang Y, Zhang XM. MAGE-1/Heat shock protein 70/MAGE-3 fusion protein vaccine in nanoemulsion enhances cellular and humoral immune responses to MAGE-1 or MAGE-3 in vivo. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2006; 55:841-9. [PMID: 16155756 PMCID: PMC11030595 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-005-0073-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2005] [Accepted: 08/04/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Neoplasm/biosynthesis
- Antibodies, Neoplasm/immunology
- Antibody Formation/drug effects
- Antigens, Neoplasm/administration & dosage
- Antigens, Neoplasm/genetics
- Antigens, Neoplasm/immunology
- Antigens, Neoplasm/pharmacology
- Cancer Vaccines/administration & dosage
- Cancer Vaccines/immunology
- Cancer Vaccines/pharmacology
- Cancer Vaccines/therapeutic use
- Cytotoxicity, Immunologic/drug effects
- Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor
- Emulsions
- Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
- HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins/administration & dosage
- HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins/genetics
- HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins/immunology
- HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins/pharmacology
- Immunity, Cellular/drug effects
- Melanoma, Experimental/immunology
- Melanoma, Experimental/therapy
- Melanoma-Specific Antigens
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Nanostructures
- Neoplasm Proteins/administration & dosage
- Neoplasm Proteins/genetics
- Neoplasm Proteins/immunology
- Neoplasm Proteins/pharmacology
- Pharmaceutical Vehicles
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/administration & dosage
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/genetics
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/immunology
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/pharmacology
- Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms
- Vaccination
- Vaccines, Synthetic/administration & dosage
- Vaccines, Synthetic/immunology
- Vaccines, Synthetic/pharmacology
- Vaccines, Synthetic/therapeutic use
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pathology, Xi Jing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710032 Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yan-Fang Sui
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pathology, Xi Jing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710032 Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Dao-Cheng Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Fourth Military Medical University Xi’an, 710032 Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yu-Jing Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pathology, Xi Jing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710032 Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Guang-Sheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pathology, Xi Jing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710032 Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Zeng-Shan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pathology, Xi Jing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710032 Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Shao-Yan Si
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pathology, Xi Jing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710032 Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Pei-Zhen Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pathology, Xi Jing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710032 Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pathology, Xi Jing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710032 Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Xiu-Min Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pathology, Xi Jing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710032 Shaanxi Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Martínez A, Olarte I, Mergold MA, Gutiérrez M, Rozen E, Collazo J, Amancio-Chassin O, Ordóñez RM, Montesinos JJ, Mayani H, McCurdy DK, Ostrosky-Wegman P, Garrido-Guerrero E, Miranda EI. mRNA expression of MAGE-A3 gene in leukemia cells. Leuk Res 2006; 31:33-7. [PMID: 16806467 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2006.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2006] [Revised: 04/06/2006] [Accepted: 05/13/2006] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Leukemia-associated antigens such as proteins encoded by MAGE genes might provide tools for immunotherapy of leukemia. Positive and negative results of MAGE-A gene expression in hematological malignancies have been reported. This led us to study MAGE-A gene expression in human leukemias using RT-PCR. Among 115 leukemias from various subtypes, 14/34 (41.17%) AML were positive for one of the three genes analyzed (MAGE-A1 1/32; MAGE-A3 10/32; MAGE-B2 3/12). Expression was also detected in 23/76 (30.26%) B-cell ALL patients (MAGE-A1 2/53; MAGE-A3 20/53; MAGE-B2 1/32). One of these patients expressed both MAGE-A1 (weak signal) and -A3 (strong signal) genes. Other patient with CML were positive for MAGE-B2 (1/5, 20%). MAGE-A3 expression data were corroborated by real time RT-PCR through determination of MAGE-A3 transcript levels. We concluded that the MAGE-A3 gene is expressed at the mRNA level in a proportion of human leukemias.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Martínez
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular, Servicio de Hematología, Hospital General de México, Dr. Balmis 148, Col. Doctores, 06726 México City D.F., Mexico
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Goi K, Sugita K, Tezuka T, Sato H, Uno K, Inukai T, Hamada Y, Nakazawa S. A successful case of allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for osteosarcoma with multiple metastases of lung and bone. Bone Marrow Transplant 2006; 37:115-6. [PMID: 16258530 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bmt.1705209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
28
|
Théoleyre S, Mori K, Cherrier B, Passuti N, Gouin F, Rédini F, Heymann D. Phenotypic and functional analysis of lymphocytes infiltrating osteolytic tumors: use as a possible therapeutic approach of osteosarcoma. BMC Cancer 2005; 5:123. [PMID: 16188028 PMCID: PMC1262697 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-5-123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2005] [Accepted: 09/27/2005] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteosarcoma is the most common type of primary bone tumor. The use of aggressive chemotherapy has drastically improved the prognosis of the patients with non-metastatic osteosarcomas, however the prognosis of the patients with metastasis is still very poor. Then, new and more effective treatments for curing osteosarcoma, such as immunotherapy are needed. Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) have been involved in the control of tumor development and already assessed with success for the treatment of several cancers including melanoma. While TIL represent a fascinating therapeutic approach in numerous malignant pathologies, there is few report concerning adult bone-associated tumors including osteosarcoma. METHODS Human TIL were isolated and characterized (phenotype, lytic activity) from twenty-seven patients with bone-associated tumors (osteosarcoma, Ewing's sarcoma, giant cell tumor, chondrosarcoma, plasmocytoma and bone metastases). Similar experiments were performed using rat osteosarcoma model. RESULTS While TIL with a main CD4+ profile were easily isolated from most of the tumor samples, only TIL extracted from osteosarcoma were cytotoxic against allogeneic tumor cells. In all cases, TIL lytic activity was significantly higher compared to autologous peripheral blood leukocytes. Similar data were observed in rat osteosarcoma model where TIL were characterized by a main CD4+ profile and high lytic activity against allogeneic and autologous tumor cells. Moreover, rat TIL expansion was not accompanied by refractoriness to further activation stimulus mainly by tumor antigens. CONCLUSION These results demonstrated that TIL therapy could be a very efficient strategy for the treatment of adult osteosarcoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Théoleyre
- INSERM ERI 7 – EA 3822; Physiopathologie de la Résorption Osseuse et Thérapie des Tumeurs Osseuses Primitives. Faculté de Médecine, 1 rue Gaston Veil, 44035 Nantes cedex 1, France
| | - K Mori
- INSERM ERI 7 – EA 3822; Physiopathologie de la Résorption Osseuse et Thérapie des Tumeurs Osseuses Primitives. Faculté de Médecine, 1 rue Gaston Veil, 44035 Nantes cedex 1, France
| | - B Cherrier
- INSERM ERI 7 – EA 3822; Physiopathologie de la Résorption Osseuse et Thérapie des Tumeurs Osseuses Primitives. Faculté de Médecine, 1 rue Gaston Veil, 44035 Nantes cedex 1, France
| | - N Passuti
- INSERM ERI 7 – EA 3822; Physiopathologie de la Résorption Osseuse et Thérapie des Tumeurs Osseuses Primitives. Faculté de Médecine, 1 rue Gaston Veil, 44035 Nantes cedex 1, France
| | - F Gouin
- INSERM ERI 7 – EA 3822; Physiopathologie de la Résorption Osseuse et Thérapie des Tumeurs Osseuses Primitives. Faculté de Médecine, 1 rue Gaston Veil, 44035 Nantes cedex 1, France
| | - F Rédini
- INSERM ERI 7 – EA 3822; Physiopathologie de la Résorption Osseuse et Thérapie des Tumeurs Osseuses Primitives. Faculté de Médecine, 1 rue Gaston Veil, 44035 Nantes cedex 1, France
| | - D Heymann
- INSERM ERI 7 – EA 3822; Physiopathologie de la Résorption Osseuse et Thérapie des Tumeurs Osseuses Primitives. Faculté de Médecine, 1 rue Gaston Veil, 44035 Nantes cedex 1, France
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Ma JH, Sui YF, Ye J, Huang YY, Li ZS, Chen GS, Qu P, Song HP, Zhang XM. Heat shock protein 70/MAGE-3 fusion protein vaccine can enhance cellular and humoral immune responses to MAGE-3 in vivo. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2005; 54:907-14. [PMID: 15756604 PMCID: PMC11034288 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-004-0660-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2004] [Accepted: 12/08/2004] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
MAGE-3, a member of melanoma antigen (MAGE) gene family, is recognized as an ideal candidate for tumor vaccine because it is expressed in a significant proportion of tumors of various histological types and can induce antigen-specific immune response in vivo. There is now substantial evidence that heat shock proteins HSPs isolated from cancer cells and virus-infected cells can be used as vaccines to produce cancer-specific or virus-specific immunity. In this research, we investigated whether M. tuberculosis HSP70 can be used as vehicle to elicit immune response to its accompanying MAGE-3 protein. A recombinant protein expression vector was constructed that permitted the production of fusion protein linking amino acids 195-314 of MAGE-3 to the C terminus of HSP70. We found that HSP70-MAGE-3 fusion protein can elicit stronger cellular and humoral immune responses against MAGE-3 expressing murine tumor than those elicited by MAGE-3 protein in vivo, which resulted in potent antitumor immunity against MAGE-3-expressing tumors. Covalent linkage of HSP70 to MAGE-3 was necessary to elicit immune response to MAGE-3. These results indicate that linkage of HSP70 to MAGE-3 enhanced immune responses to MAGE-3 in vivo and HSP70 can be exploited to enhance the cellular and humoral immune responses against any attached tumor-specific antigens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Hai Ma
- Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Department of Pathology, Xi Jing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710032 Shaanxi Province China
| | - Yan-Fang Sui
- Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Department of Pathology, Xi Jing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710032 Shaanxi Province China
| | - Jing Ye
- Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Department of Pathology, Xi Jing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710032 Shaanxi Province China
| | - Ya-Yu Huang
- Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Department of Pathology, Xi Jing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710032 Shaanxi Province China
| | - Zeng-Shan Li
- Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Department of Pathology, Xi Jing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710032 Shaanxi Province China
| | - Guang-Sheng Chen
- Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Department of Pathology, Xi Jing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710032 Shaanxi Province China
| | - Ping Qu
- Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Department of Pathology, Xi Jing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710032 Shaanxi Province China
| | - Hong-Ping Song
- Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Department of Pathology, Xi Jing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710032 Shaanxi Province China
| | - Xiu-Min Zhang
- Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Department of Pathology, Xi Jing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710032 Shaanxi Province China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Kawaguchi S, Wada T, Tsukahara T, Ida K, Torigoe T, Sato N, Yamashita T. A quest for therapeutic antigens in bone and soft tissue sarcoma. J Transl Med 2005; 3:31. [PMID: 16086842 PMCID: PMC1188080 DOI: 10.1186/1479-5876-3-31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2005] [Accepted: 08/08/2005] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past three decades, there have been remarkable advances in the treatment of bone and soft tissue sarcomas. These include the introduction of adjuvant chemotherapy, establishment of guidelines for adequate surgical margins, and the development of post-excision reconstruction. There have also been advances in the field of immunotherapy against bone and soft tissue sarcomas, which, unfortunately, have received less attention. However, lack of progress in chemotherapy-based treatments for bone and soft tissue sarcomas has reignited interest in immunotherapeutic approaches. Here we summarize current progress in the immunotherapy of bone and soft tissue sarcomas including the strategies utilized to identify tumor-associated antigens, and the design of clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Kawaguchi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Tsukahara T, Nabeta Y, Kawaguchi S, Ikeda H, Sato Y, Shimozawa K, Ida K, Asanuma H, Hirohashi Y, Torigoe T, Hiraga H, Nagoya S, Wada T, Yamashita T, Sato N. Identification of human autologous cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-defined osteosarcoma gene that encodes a transcriptional regulator, papillomavirus binding factor. Cancer Res 2004; 64:5442-8. [PMID: 15289353 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-04-0522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The prognosis for patients with osteosarcoma who do not respond to current chemotherapy protocols still remains poor. Toward the goal of establishing efficacious peptide-based immunotherapy for those patients, we previously developed an autologous pair of CTLs and an osteosarcoma cell line. In the current study, we screened the cDNA library of this osteosarcoma cell line using an autologous CTL clone and identified cDNA encoding an antigen. The isolated cDNA was identical to papillomavirus binding factor (PBF), which was recently reported as a DNA binding transcription factor cooperating with RUNX1. Reverse transcription-PCR analysis revealed that PBF was expressed in 16 of 19 cases of bone and soft-tissue sarcoma cell lines (5 of 6 of osteosarcoma lines) and 57 of 76 sarcoma tissue samples (11 of 14 of osteosarcoma tissues). Also, PBF was expressed in 10 of 13 epithelial cancer cell lines and 20 of 34 of cancer tissues. In contrast, PBF was detected in some normal organs including ovary, pancreas, spleen, and liver by reverse transcription-PCR but was restricted in the cytoplasm by immunostaining and undetectable by Western blotting. Furthermore, a 12-mer peptide, CTACRWKKACQR, located at the COOH terminus of PBF, was found to be a minimum requirement for recognition by the CTL clone in the context of the HLA-B*5502 molecule. These findings suggest that PBF is a shared tumor-associated antigen, which may serve as a source of peptides applicable to peptide-based immunotherapy for osteosarcoma and other malignant tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomohide Tsukahara
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South 1, West 16, Chuo-ku, Sapporo 060-8543, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Tatsumi T, Kierstead LS, Ranieri E, Gesualdo L, Schena FP, Finke JH, Bukowski RM, Mueller-Berghaus J, Kirkwood JM, Kwok WW, Storkus WJ. Disease-associated bias in T helper type 1 (Th1)/Th2 CD4(+) T cell responses against MAGE-6 in HLA-DRB10401(+) patients with renal cell carcinoma or melanoma. J Exp Med 2002; 196:619-28. [PMID: 12208877 PMCID: PMC2193999 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20012142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 233] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
T helper type 1 (Th1)-type CD4(+) antitumor T cell help appears critical to the induction and maintenance of antitumor cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses in vivo. In contrast, Th2- or Th3/Tr-type CD4(+) T cell responses may subvert Th1-type cell-mediated immunity, providing a microenvironment conducive to disease progression. We have recently identified helper T cell epitopes derived from the MAGE-6 gene product; a tumor-associated antigen expressed by most melanomas and renal cell carcinomas. In this study, we have assessed whether peripheral blood CD4(+) T cells from human histocompatibility leukocyte antigens (HLA)-DRbeta1*0401(+) patients are Th1- or Th2-biased to MAGE-6 epitopes using interferon (IFN)-gamma and interleukin (IL)-5 enzyme-linked immunospot assays, respectively. Strikingly, the vast majority of patients with active disease were highly-skewed toward Th2-type responses against MAGE-6-derived epitopes, regardless of their stage (stage I versus IV) of disease, but retained Th1-type responses against Epstein-Barr virus- or influenza-derived epitopes. In marked contrast, normal donors and cancer patients with no current evidence of disease tended to exhibit either mixed Th1/Th2 or strongly Th1-polarized responses to MAGE-6 peptides, respectively. CD4(+) T cell secretion of IL-10 and transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta1 against MAGE-6 peptides was not observed, suggesting that specific Th3/Tr-type CD4(+) subsets were not common events in these patients. Our data suggest that immunotherapeutic approaches will likely have to overcome or complement systemic Th2-dominated, tumor-reactive CD4(+) T cell responses to provide optimal clinical benefit.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomohide Tatsumi
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Graff-Dubois S, Faure O, Gross DA, Alves P, Scardino A, Chouaib S, Lemonnier FA, Kosmatopoulos K. Generation of CTL recognizing an HLA-A*0201-restricted epitope shared by MAGE-A1, -A2, -A3, -A4, -A6, -A10, and -A12 tumor antigens: implication in a broad-spectrum tumor immunotherapy. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2002; 169:575-80. [PMID: 12077290 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.169.1.575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
MAGE-A1, -A2, -A3, -A4, -A6, -A10, and -A12 are expressed in a significant proportion of primary and metastatic tumors of various histological types and are targets of tumor Ag-specific CTL. Individual MAGE-A expression varies from one tumor type to the other but, overall, the large majority of tumors expresses at least one MAGE-A Ag. Therefore, targeting epitopes shared by all MAGE-A Ags would be of interest in immunotherapy against a broad spectrum of cancers. In the present study, we describe a heteroclitic MAGE-A peptide (p248V9) that induces CTL in vivo in HLA-A*0201 transgenic HHD mice and in vitro in healthy donors. These CTL are able to recognize two low HLA-A*0201 affinity peptides differing at their C-terminal position and derived from MAGE-A2, -A3, -A4, -A6, -A10, and -A12 (p248G9) and MAGE-A1 (p248D9). Interestingly, p248V9-specific CTL respond to endogenous MAGE-A1, -A2, -A3, -A4, -A6, -A10, and -A12 in an HLA-A*0201-restricted manner and recognize human HLA-A*0201(+)MAGE-A(+) tumor cells of various histological origin. Therefore, this heteroclitic peptide may be considered as a potent candidate for a broad-spectrum tumor vaccination.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antigen Presentation
- Antigens, Neoplasm/immunology
- Antigens, Neoplasm/metabolism
- Cancer Vaccines/administration & dosage
- Cancer Vaccines/immunology
- Cells, Cultured
- Cytotoxicity Tests, Immunologic
- Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte/immunology
- HLA-A Antigens/immunology
- HLA-A Antigens/metabolism
- HLA-A2 Antigen
- Humans
- Leukocytes, Mononuclear/immunology
- Lymphocyte Activation
- Melanoma-Specific Antigens
- Mice
- Mice, Transgenic
- Neoplasm Proteins/immunology
- Neoplasm Proteins/metabolism
- Peptide Fragments/administration & dosage
- Peptide Fragments/immunology
- Peptide Fragments/metabolism
- Protein Binding/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/metabolism
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Graff-Dubois
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité 487, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Abstract
An essential nutrient selenium has been reported to be a potential cancer preventive and inhibitory agent, although no exact mechanism has yet been proposed. Since little is known about the anti-proliferative effect of selenium on osteosarcoma, this issue was addressed in the present study in vitro using three osteosarcoma cell lines, and in vivo using an osteosarcoma transplantable to nude mice. Selenium inhibited the tumor growth in vitro and morphological changes indicative of apoptosis were demonstrated. Osteosarcomas in nude mice were inhibited in growth by selenium with no cytotoxic change in normal tissues. The findings suggested that selenium may offer a novel therapeutic modality for osteosarcoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Hiraoka
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Japan
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Tsuda N, Murayama K, Ishida H, Matsunaga K, Komiya S, Itoh K, Yamada A. Expression of a newly defined tumor-rejection antigen SART3 in musculoskeletal tumors and induction of HLA class I-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocytes by SART3-derived peptides. J Orthop Res 2001; 19:346-51. [PMID: 11398844 DOI: 10.1016/s0736-0266(00)90031-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
We recently reported that a SART3 tumor-rejection antigen possessing tumor epitopes is capable of inducing HLA class 1-restricted and tumor-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes in cancer patients. We studied the expression of the SART3 protein in musculoskeletal tumors to find a molecule for potential use in tumor-specific immunotherapy. The SART3 was detected at protein levels in 100% of the osteosarcoma cell lines (n = 20), in 50% of the musculoskeletal tumor tissue specimens (n = 32), and at notable levels in 67% of osteosarcoma tissues (n = 9) and malignant fibrous histiocytosis tissues (n = 9), respectively. SART3-derived peptides at positions 109-118 and 315-323 induced HLA-A24-restricted tumor-specific cytoxic T lymphocytes from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with osteosarcoma or malignant fibrous histiocytosis. These peptide-induced cytotoxic T lymphocytes recognized HLA-A24+ SART3+ osteosarcoma cells but not HLA-A24 or SART3 cells. These results suggest that the SART3 protein and its derived peptides could be molecules appropriate for use in specific immunotherapies for approximately 60% of HLA-A24+ patients with osteosarcoma or malignant fibrous histiocytosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N Tsuda
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kurume University, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Abstract
Successful immune targeting of malignancies hinges upon the ability to activate specific T-cell populations to recognize and attack tumor but spare normal vital tissues. Investigators in the field of tumor immunology are currently utilizing at least three distinct approaches toward this goal. In the first approach, molecular targets of cytolytic T cells which spontaneously develop in tumor-bearing patients have been identified and are subsequently used as immunogens in immunotherapy trials. Whereas this approach originally focused upon the identification of tumor antigens in the immune-responsive tumors malignant melanoma and renal cell carcinoma, it surprisingly led to the identification of a variety of molecules that are now known to be expressed in other common pediatric and adult tumors. In the second approach, tumor-specific molecules (eg, mutant p53 and chromosomal translocations) that have been identified in individual tumors during the study of neoplastic transformation are used as immunogens. Because chromosomal translocations are common in pediatric tumors, such targets may be of particular interest in pediatric oncology. In the third approach, immunization with whole tumor cell components is undertaken with the assumption that the most immunogenic molecules within the tumor will dominate the immune response induced. The benefits and limitations for each approach, particularly as it pertains to the development of immunotherapy for pediatric tumors, are discussed in this article.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C L Mackall
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Kariyama K, Higashi T, Kobayashi Y, Nouso K, Nakatsukasa H, Yamano T, Ishizaki M, Kaneyoshi T, Toshikuni N, Ohnishi T, Fujiwara K, Nakayama E, Terracciano L, Spagnoli GC, Tsuji T. Expression of MAGE-1 and -3 genes and gene products in human hepatocellular carcinoma. Br J Cancer 1999; 81:1080-7. [PMID: 10576668 PMCID: PMC2362936 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6690810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
MAGE gene family encodes peptides recognized by autologous cytotoxic T lymphocytes in a major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class-I restricted fashion. In the present study, we have performed reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for the genes, as well as immunohistochemical analysis and Western blotting of MAGE-1 and -3 proteins in 33 surgically resected hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs). MAGE-1 and -3 mRNAs were constitutively expressed exclusively in 78 and 42% of HCCs respectively. On immunohistochemistry with monoclonal antibodies, 77B for MAGE-1 and 57B for MAGE-3, MAGE-1 and -3 proteins were recognized in cytoplasm of only six among 33 (18%) and two of 29 HCCs (7%) respectively. The distribution pattern was mostly focal in HCC nodules. By contrast, the Western blot analysis revealed that the MAGE-1 (46 kDa) and -3 proteins (48 kDa) were expressed in 80 and 60% of 15 HCCs examined respectively. The proteins of MAGE-1 and -3 were also expressed exclusively in HCCs regardless of the histological grading and clinical staging. Our results indicate that the detection of the genes by RT-PCR or the proteins by Western blotting is useful for differentiating early HCCs from non-cancerous lesions, and that the peptides derived from MAGE-1 and -3 proteins might be suitable targets for immunotherapy of human HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Kariyama
- The First Department of Internal Medicine, Okayama University Medical School, Okayama-City, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Abstract
A potential new therapy for cancer is active specific immunotherapy with melanoma antigen (MAGE) gene products. The MAGE gene family comprizes a series of 12 closely related genes, some of which have been shown to be expressed in a variety of tumours of different histological origin. Peptides encoded by the MAGE genes are targets for specific immunotherapy as they are presented in association with human leucocyte antigen class I molecules and are recognised by cytotoxic T lymphocytes. This article reviews the discovery, development, role and therapeutic potential of MAGE tumour-associated antigens. Knowledge in this field of study is in its early stages. Future advances can be anticipated in term of defining therapeutic relevance, antigen detection and discovery of related genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A M Gillespie
- Yorkshire Cancer Research Department of Clinical Oncology, Weston Park Hospital, Sheffield, S10 2SJ, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Hara I, Hara S, Miyake H, Yamanaka K, Nagai H, Gohji K, Arakawa S, Kamidono S. Expression of MAGE genes in testicular germ cell tumors. Urology 1999; 53:843-7. [PMID: 10197872 DOI: 10.1016/s0090-4295(98)00618-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Some of the MAGE gene family that encode tumor-rejection antigens recognized by cytotoxic T lymphocytes are expressed at the mRNA level in various malignant tumors. However, these genes are silent in normal tissues, except in the testis and placenta. It is therefore important to understand how MAGE gene expression changes with malignant transformation of the testis. We investigated the expression of MAGE-1, -2, -3, and -4 genes at the mRNA level in testicular germ cell tumors. METHODS Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction for MAGE genes was performed using 32 testicular germ cell tumor specimens. RESULTS MAGE-1, -2, -3, and -4 mRNA was detected in 16 (72%), 15 (68%), 18 (82%), and 17 (77%) of 22 patients with pure seminoma or mixed type with seminomatous elements. MAGE-1 , -2, -3, and -4 mRNA was found in 2 (20%), 5 (50%), 4 (40%), and 4 (40%) of 10 patients with nonseminomatous germ cell tumor (NSGCT). The expression rate of MAGE-1, -3, and -4 mRNA was significantly higher in patients with seminomatous elements than that in those with NSGCT. MAGE expression did not correlate with disease progression. CONCLUSIONS MAGE genes are more preserved in seminoma than in NSGCT. This suggests that seminoma has traits more similar to normal testis than does NSGCT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I Hara
- Department of Urology, Kobe University School of Medicine, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Abstract
T cell defined antigens have now been characterized in a large variety of tumor types, in both mice and humans. An increasing number of these antigens appear to result from tumor-specific mutations, and some of these mutations may be implicated in oncogenesis. The priority is now to demonstrate that immunization against some of these antigens is clinically valuable for antitumor therapy, and the first results of clinical pilot studies are now emerging.
Collapse
|