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Ferrati M, Spinozzi E, Mazzara E, Ianni M, Abouelenein D, Petrelli R, Caprioli G, Ricciutelli M, Garzoli S, Cebollada P, Les F, Lopez V, Maggi F, Cespi M. Microwave-assisted hydrodiffusion and gravity extraction: An efficient method to produce pomegranate juice. Food Chem 2024; 448:139101. [PMID: 38537552 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/24/2024]
Abstract
Green technologies based on microwaves have been developed by the food industry to produce organoleptically acceptable fruit juices without preliminary processing. Microwave irradiation coupled with hydrodiffusion and gravity (MHG) combines microwave heating with the earth's gravity, allowing the collection of hydrophilic substances released from the irradiated matrix. To the best of our knowledge, MHG extraction has never been experimented to produce pomegranate juice. In this work, we have evaluated it as a potential alternative to the conventional squeezing. A central composite design study (CCD) allowed the selection of the best extractive conditions (irradiation power and extraction time) to obtain a pomegranate juice with higher yield, polyphenol (e.g., catechin and delphinidin-3,5-glucoside) content, and related bioactivities (antioxidant and antidiabetic) than the one obtained by squeezing while maintaining the chemical-physical properties. Thus, this technique appears to be a functional alternative to producing high value pomegranate juice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Ferrati
- Chemistry Interdisciplinary Project (ChIP) Research Center, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via Madonna delle Carceri, 62032 Camerino, Italy.
| | - Eleonora Spinozzi
- Chemistry Interdisciplinary Project (ChIP) Research Center, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via Madonna delle Carceri, 62032 Camerino, Italy.
| | - Eugenia Mazzara
- Chemistry Interdisciplinary Project (ChIP) Research Center, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via Madonna delle Carceri, 62032 Camerino, Italy.
| | - Matteo Ianni
- Chemistry Interdisciplinary Project (ChIP) Research Center, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via Madonna delle Carceri, 62032 Camerino, Italy.
| | - Doaa Abouelenein
- Chemistry Interdisciplinary Project (ChIP) Research Center, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via Madonna delle Carceri, 62032 Camerino, Italy.
| | - Riccardo Petrelli
- Chemistry Interdisciplinary Project (ChIP) Research Center, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via Madonna delle Carceri, 62032 Camerino, Italy.
| | - Giovanni Caprioli
- Chemistry Interdisciplinary Project (ChIP) Research Center, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via Madonna delle Carceri, 62032 Camerino, Italy.
| | - Massimo Ricciutelli
- Chemistry Interdisciplinary Project (ChIP) Research Center, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via Madonna delle Carceri, 62032 Camerino, Italy.
| | - Stefania Garzoli
- Department of Chemistry and Technologies of Drug, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.
| | - Pilar Cebollada
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad San Jorge, Villanueva de Gállego, Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - Francisco Les
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad San Jorge, Villanueva de Gállego, Zaragoza, Spain; Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón, IA2, Universidad de Zaragoza-CITA, Spain.
| | - Victor Lopez
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad San Jorge, Villanueva de Gállego, Zaragoza, Spain; Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón, IA2, Universidad de Zaragoza-CITA, Spain.
| | - Filippo Maggi
- Chemistry Interdisciplinary Project (ChIP) Research Center, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via Madonna delle Carceri, 62032 Camerino, Italy.
| | - Marco Cespi
- Chemistry Interdisciplinary Project (ChIP) Research Center, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via Madonna delle Carceri, 62032 Camerino, Italy.
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Rossi I, Mignogna C, Del Rio D, Mena P. Health effects of 100% fruit and vegetable juices: evidence from human subject intervention studies. Nutr Res Rev 2024; 37:194-238. [PMID: 37655747 DOI: 10.1017/s095442242300015x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
The health effects of 100% fruit and vegetable juices (FVJ) represent a controversial topic. FVJ contain notable amounts of free sugars, but also vitamins, minerals, and secondary compounds with proven biological activities like (poly)phenols and carotenoids. The review aimed to shed light on the potential impact of 100% FVJ on human subject health, comprehensively assessing the role each type of juice may have in specific health outcomes for a particular target population, as reported in dietary interventions. The effects of a wide range of FVJ (orange, grapefruit, mandarin, lemon, apple, white, red, and Concord grapes, pomegranate, cranberry, chokeberry, blueberry, other minor berries, sweet and tart cherry, plum, tomato, carrot, beetroot, and watermelon, among others) were evaluated on a series of outcomes (anthropometric parameters, body composition, blood pressure and vascular function, lipid profile, glucose homeostasis, biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress, cognitive function, exercise performance, gut microbiota composition and bacterial infections), providing a thorough picture of the contribution of each FVJ to a health outcome. Some juices demonstrated their ability to exert potential preventive effects on some outcomes while others on other health outcomes, emphasising how the differential composition in bioactive compounds defines juice effects. Research gaps and future prospects were discussed. Although 100% FVJ appear to have beneficial effects on some cardiometabolic health outcomes, cognition and exercise performance, or neutral effects on anthropometric parameters and body composition, further efforts are needed to better understand the impact of 100% FVJ on human subject health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Rossi
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Cristiana Mignogna
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Daniele Del Rio
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Pedro Mena
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
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Yuan L, Zou W, Peng Y, Zhou L. Effects of juicing methods on the bioactive compounds and flavor quality of 'Black-seed' pomegranate from three producing areas. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024; 104:3448-3457. [PMID: 38117127 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Color, nutrients and flavor are the key characteristics of pomegranate juice, but they are susceptible to processing methods and raw materials. In this study, the effects of aril juicing and whole fruit juicing methods on the composition of 'Black-seed' pomegranate juice from three producing areas were studied, including physicochemical parameters, color attributes, organic acids, sugars, phenolic compounds, and volatile compounds. RESULTS The whole fruit juicing method resulted in higher juice yields of pomegranate fruit with 69.01-72.59%, hue angle values were 5.95-6.45°, and the juice remained red. The highest level of citric acid (21.21 g L-1 ), total acids (24.78 g L-1 ), and total anthocyanin content (435.59 mg L-1 ) were found in whole fruit juice, and seven tannins were detected. The most abundant volatile compounds were (Z)-3-hexen-1-ol and 1-hexanol in all juice samples, with alcohol content increased and aldehydes content decreased by whole fruit juicing. Principal component analysis revealed that the 24 indexes (variable important in projection >1) clearly distinguished juice samples obtained by two juicing methods, with ellagic acid hexoside, (E)-2-heptenal, (+)-catechin, and octanoic acid having the best discriminatory potential. CONCLUSION Overall, the effects of juicing method on 'Black-seed' pomegranate juice were greater than those of raw-material-producing areas. These results confirmed the potential for using the whole 'Black-seed' pomegranate for processing, and also provided a theoretical basis for the healthy product development and utilization of dark-color pomegranate varieties. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yuan
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Wenhui Zou
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Products, Kunming, China
- International Green Food Processing Research and Development Center of Kunming City, Kunming, China
| | - Yijin Peng
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Products, Kunming, China
- International Green Food Processing Research and Development Center of Kunming City, Kunming, China
| | - Linyan Zhou
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Products, Kunming, China
- International Green Food Processing Research and Development Center of Kunming City, Kunming, China
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Kumar D, Ladaniya MS, Gurjar M, Mendke S, Kumar S, Ghosh D. Elucidation of flavanones, phenols and antioxidant capacity influenced by drying methods from physiologically dropped underutilized Citrus grandis fruits. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1193635. [PMID: 37492768 PMCID: PMC10363982 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1193635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Nutritional content in citrus fruit is enormous. Citrus grandis (L.) Osbeck is underutilised citrus crop that receives little attention due to the lack of knowledge regarding its nutritional value. Citrus waste disposal poses a problem due to economic and environmental factors. Methods The metabolites flavonoids, phenols and antioxidant capacity in the dropped fruits of the underutilised citrus species pomelo (Citrus grandis (L.) Osbeck) were examined. Results and discussion Hesperidin varied from 1.22 to 2.83% and 1.08 to 1.16% from 10 mm to 14 mm whereas naringin dominates in fruits measuring 10 mm and 12mm with 60.61%, 60.77%, and 47.76%, 45.87% in freeze dried (FD) and hot air oven dried (HAOD) samples. According to the results of the antioxidant assays, the highest concentrations of ABTS azino-bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) and DPPH (2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical) were found in freeze dried samples, ranging from 9.679 to 10.416 mmol L-1 Trolox and 14.825 to 16.432 mmol L-1 Trolox, respectively. However, the Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) assay revealed higher content in samples of both FD and HAOD that were 10mm in size (4.578 mmol L-1 Trolox and 3.730 mmol L-1 Trolox). Total phenol content was measured, and the highest concentrations were found in fruits with a diameter between 10 mm and 18 mm. It ranged from 48.479 to 54.498 mg GAE L-1 in FD samples and from 45.757 to 51.159 mg GAE L-1 in HAOD samples. The smallest fruits, or those that were still in the immature stage, had the highest content. It was found that when the immature dropped fruits were dried by HAOD, the content decreased. At p<0.01 and p<0.05, there was a significant positive correlation between the flavonoids, antioxidants, and total phenols. The results showed that the immature dropped immature fruits of lesser known underutilised citrus sp. Citrus grandis can act as potential source of flavonoids, total phenol concentration, and antioxidant potential. Freeze drying can be recommended to recover the most bioactive substances from physiologically dropped fruits of Citrus grandis for use in the pharmaceutical and nutraceutical sectors. This study will help in reducing the environmental impact caused due to citrus dropped fruits and its responsible management.
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Machado-Carvalho L, Martins T, Aires A, Marques G. Optimization of Phenolic Compounds Extraction and Antioxidant Activity from Inonotus hispidus Using Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction Technology. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13040524. [PMID: 37110182 PMCID: PMC10145904 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13040524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) of bioactive compounds has been increasing because it is a good alternative to the conventional extraction methods. UAE was used to maximize total polyphenol content (TPC), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging capacity, and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) of the mushroom Inonotus hispidus using response surface methodology (RSM). Firstly, the effect of 40% (v/v) ethanol and 80% (v/v) methanol on the TPC, DPPH scavenging capacity, and FRAP was evaluated. The ethanolic extracts showed a significantly higher (p < 0.0001) TPC, DPPH scavenging capacity, and FRAP than the methanolic extracts. The best condition to produce an extract with the higher TPC and antioxidant activity was achieved when using 40% (v/v) ethanol, a ratio of 75 mL/g, and an extraction time of 20 min. The chromatographic profile of the extract obtained in the optimized condition revealed that hispidin is the main polyphenol present in the extracts of I. hispidus, representing, together with hispidin-like compounds, the majority of the phenolic compounds (159.56 µg/g DW out of 219.01 µg/g DW). The model allowed us to optimize the conditions to maximize the extraction of phenolic compounds with antioxidant activity from I. hispidus, demonstrating its potential as a source of antioxidant compounds, with possible industrial, pharmaceutical, and food applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliana Machado-Carvalho
- Department of Agronomy, School of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Tânia Martins
- Department of Agronomy, School of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- CITAB-Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environment and Biological Sciences, UTAD, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Inov4Agro-Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production, UTAD, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Alfredo Aires
- Department of Agronomy, School of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- CITAB-Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environment and Biological Sciences, UTAD, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Inov4Agro-Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production, UTAD, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Guilhermina Marques
- Department of Agronomy, School of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- CITAB-Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environment and Biological Sciences, UTAD, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Inov4Agro-Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production, UTAD, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
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Castelão-Baptista JP, Valente SA, Canário S, Oppolzer D, Barros A, Venâncio C, Martins T, Antunes L, Sardão VA, Rosa E, Oliveira PJ. Brassica oleracea Var italica by-Products Prevent Lipid Accumulation and Cell Death in a Liver Cell Model of Lipid Toxicity. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15040924. [PMID: 36839282 PMCID: PMC9965884 DOI: 10.3390/nu15040924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity, a rising concern in the Eastern world, encompasses several co-morbidities, namely non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Potential natural-based interventions to decrease the burden of obesity complications are being investigated. Many of the edible parts of plants are not sold for consumption and end up as massive waste, losing nutritional potential. In fact, a sizeable amount of waste is generated within the different steps of the food supply chain, representing a massive loss of both plant material and natural resources. A good example is Brassica by-products (BBPs). The objective of this work was to investigate the effect of three different extracts from broccoli (Brassica oleracea var italica) by-products in an in vitro model of free fatty acid (FFA)-induced lipotoxicity using human hepatoma HepG2 cells. Broccoli leaf, stalk, and inflorescence extracts induced a dose-dependent decrease in the cell viability of HepG2 cells. However, the maximal non-lethal concentrations of leaves, stalks, and inflorescences (10 μg/mL) did not compromise mitochondrial function or neutral lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells. The extracts significantly decreased FFA-induced lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells either in a co-incubation or pre-incubation strategy. The broccoli extracts' capacity to prevent the FFA-induced decrease in catalase activity in HepG2 may explain the observed effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- José P. Castelão-Baptista
- CNC—Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, UC-Biotech, University of Coimbra, 3060-197 Cantanhede, Portugal
| | - Sara A. Valente
- CNC—Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, UC-Biotech, University of Coimbra, 3060-197 Cantanhede, Portugal
| | - Sara Canário
- CNC—Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, UC-Biotech, University of Coimbra, 3060-197 Cantanhede, Portugal
| | - David Oppolzer
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Inov4Agro—Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Ana Barros
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Inov4Agro—Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Carlos Venâncio
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Inov4Agro—Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Tânia Martins
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Inov4Agro—Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Luís Antunes
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Inov4Agro—Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Vilma A. Sardão
- CNC—Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, UC-Biotech, University of Coimbra, 3060-197 Cantanhede, Portugal
| | - Eduardo Rosa
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Inov4Agro—Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Paulo J. Oliveira
- CNC—Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, UC-Biotech, University of Coimbra, 3060-197 Cantanhede, Portugal
- Correspondence:
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Indelicato S, Houmanat K, Bongiorno D, Ejjilani A, Hssaini L, Razouk R, Charafi J, Ennahli S, Hanine H. Freeze dried pomegranate juices of Moroccan fruits: main representative phenolic compounds. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2023; 103:1355-1365. [PMID: 36131535 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pomegranate (Punica granatum) is an ancient perennial plant species of the Punicaceae family. Its seeds are consumed as food or as juice. Previous studies have noted that pomegranate juice encompasses many active compounds with beneficial effects. The main goals of this work were to study the phenolic components of freeze-dried and reconstituted pomegranate juices obtained from 13 pomegranate genotypes growing in Morocco. RESULTS We analyzed several pomegranate juices using high-performance liquid chromatography and high-resolution mass spectrometry to determine phenolic compounds. Twenty-seven bio-phenols, belonging to four different classes (phenolic acids, hydrolyzable tannins, anthocyanins, and flavonoids), were identified based on their accurate mass measurements, and quantified. Some encouraging results were obtained. Even though the freeze-drying process introduced a marked degradation of bio-phenols, substantially lowering their levels in the reconstituted fruit juices, these fruit juices were still rich enough in bio-phenols to compete with some fresh fruit juices. The reconstituted juices obtained by rehydration of the lyophilized material still differed enough to enable a statistical classification based on their polyphenol content. A correlation analysis was applied to the polyphenol data to explore correlations and similarities between genotypes. CONCLUSIONS The results showed that freeze-drying and reconstitution of juices introduced some degradation of the polyphenol content. The overall polyphenolic pattern within the same cultivar, in two different harvesting years, was maintained, however, suggesting the composition stability of the freeze-dried juices produced in this time span. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Indelicato
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Karim Houmanat
- National Institute of Agricultural Research (INRA), Rabat, Morocco
| | - David Bongiorno
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Assia Ejjilani
- National Institute of Agricultural Research (INRA), Rabat, Morocco
- Faculty of Science and Technics, Laboratory of Bioprocess and Bio-Interfaces, Université Sultan Moulay Slimane, Beni-Mellal, Morocco
| | - Lahcen Hssaini
- National Institute of Agricultural Research (INRA), Rabat, Morocco
| | - Rachid Razouk
- National Institute of Agricultural Research (INRA), Rabat, Morocco
| | - Jamal Charafi
- National Institute of Agricultural Research (INRA), Rabat, Morocco
| | - Said Ennahli
- National Institute of Agricultural Research (INRA), Rabat, Morocco
| | - Hafida Hanine
- Faculty of Science and Technics, Laboratory of Bioprocess and Bio-Interfaces, Université Sultan Moulay Slimane, Beni-Mellal, Morocco
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Pascual G, Silva D, Vargas M, Aranda M, Cañumir JA, López MD. Dietary Supplement of Grape Wastes Enhances Honeybee Immune System and Reduces Deformed Wing Virus (DWV) Load. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 12:antiox12010054. [PMID: 36670916 PMCID: PMC9855144 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12010054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Ingredients rich in phenolic compounds and antioxidants of winemaking wastes, which play an important role in the prevention of various diseases and the control of viruses, are being explored. Currently, there is a concern about honeybee population loss, with deformed wing virus (DWV) being the most common virus infecting apiaries and one of the main causes of honeybee decline. Hence, the effect of grape pomace powder (GPP) as a dietary supplement to enhance the immune system of honeybees affected by DWV was evaluated. The characteristics of the ingredient GPP, obtained by spray-drying, revealed a high anthocyanin content (1102.45 mg 100 g-1), and it was applied at doses of 0.5, 1, 2.5 and 5% as a dietary supplement for bees infected by DWV. The results showed that the GPP treatments strengthened the immune response of honeybees against DWV. Moreover, the expression of the Relish gene was significantly higher in bees fed with GPP compared to the infected control. This study, which is framed in the search of food waste valorization for environmental sustainability, proves the feasibility of using grape wastes as dietary supplements for pollinators, and provides knowledge of the influence of polyphenols on the expression profiles of immune-related genes in honeybees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Pascual
- Departamento de Producción Vegetal, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Concepción, Vicente Méndez #595, Chillán 3780000, Chile
| | - Diego Silva
- Departamento de Producción Vegetal, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Concepción, Vicente Méndez #595, Chillán 3780000, Chile
| | - Marisol Vargas
- Departamento de Producción Vegetal, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Concepción, Vicente Méndez #595, Chillán 3780000, Chile
| | - Mario Aranda
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Fármacos y Alimentos, Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, Santiago 7810000, Chile
| | - Juan Antonio Cañumir
- Laboratorio de Bioprocesos, Departamento de Agroindustría, Facultad de Ingenería Agrícola, Universidad de Concepción, Vicente Méndez #595, Chillán 3780000, Chile
| | - María Dolores López
- Departamento de Producción Vegetal, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Concepción, Vicente Méndez #595, Chillán 3780000, Chile
- Correspondence:
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Bioactive, Mineral and Antioxidative Properties of Gluten-Free Chicory Supplemented Snack: Impact of Processing Conditions. Foods 2022; 11:foods11223692. [PMID: 36429284 PMCID: PMC9688964 DOI: 10.3390/foods11223692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the impact of chicory root addition (20-40%) and extrusion conditions (moisture content from 16.3 to 22.5%, and screw speed from 500 to 900 rpm) on bioactive compounds content (inulin, sesquiterpene lactones, and polyphenols) of gluten-free rice snacks. Chicory root is considered a potential carrier of food bioactives, while extrusion may produce a wide range of functional snack products. The mineral profiles were determined in all of the obtained extrudates in terms of Na, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Zn, and Cu contents, while antioxidative activity was established through reducing capacity, DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) and ABTS (2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) tests. Chicory root addition contributed to the improvement of bioactive compounds and mineral contents, as well as antioxidative activities in all of the investigated extrudates in comparison to the pure-rice control sample. An increase in moisture content raised sesquiterpene lactones and minerals, while high screw speeds positively affected polyphenols content. The achieved results showed the important impact of the extrusion conditions on the investigated parameters and promoted chicory root as an attractive food ingredient in gluten-free snack products with high bioactive value.
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Richane A, Rim BM, wided M, Riadh K, Khaoula A, Nizar M, Hanen BI. Variability of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activities of ten Ceratonia siliqua L. provenances. BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2022.104486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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11
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Rosero S, Del Pozo F, Simbaña W, Álvarez M, Quinteros MF, Carrillo W, Morales D. Polyphenols and Flavonoids Composition, Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Properties of Andean Baccharis macrantha Extracts. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:1555. [PMID: 35736706 PMCID: PMC9231361 DOI: 10.3390/plants11121555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This study examined the leaves of Baccharis macrantha to obtain extracts of Baccharis macrantha (EBM) and to determine the total flavonoid content (TFC) and the total polyphenol content (TPC). The main objective of this work was to quantify TPC and TFC of extracts of B. macrantha from Ecuador and evaluate its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities and inhibition of lipid peroxidation. The extraction method was optimized with solvents, ethanol, and methanol, at temperatures of 30-60 °C and extraction times of 5-20 min. The optimal TFC extraction conditions were at EtOH25% at 50 °C for 10 min. The optimal TPC extraction conditions were at EtOH50% at 50 °C for 10 min. EBM was characterized by TLC and HPLC with three standards: gallic acid, catechin, and quercetin. EBM-EtOH25% and EBM-EtOH50% obtained at 50 °C for 10 min were used to identify quercetin and evaluate biologicals activities. Quercetin was detected in EBM (EtOH25% and EtOH50%). EBM anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated with the red blood cell stabilization (RBC) method. The RBC model showed values of 49.72% of protection lysis RBC to EBM-EtOH25% and 50.71% of protection lysis RBC to EBM-EtOH50%. The EBM in vitro inhibition of lipid peroxidation showed a protection of 77.00% (EtOH25%) and 73.11% (EtOH50%) when the TBARs method was used. EBM-EtOH25% and EtOH50% showed high antioxidant activity. EBM-EtOH25% presented values of ABTS (1172 µmol TE/g EBM), DPPH (836 µmol TE/g, EBM), and FRAP (85.70 µmol TE/g, EBM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Santiago Rosero
- Department of Research, Laboratory of Functional Foods, Department of Science and Engineering in Food and Biotechnology, Campus Huachi, Technical University of Ambato, Av. Los Chasquis y Río Payamino, Ambato 1801334, Ecuador; (S.R.); (F.D.P.); (W.S.); (M.Á.)
| | - Freddy Del Pozo
- Department of Research, Laboratory of Functional Foods, Department of Science and Engineering in Food and Biotechnology, Campus Huachi, Technical University of Ambato, Av. Los Chasquis y Río Payamino, Ambato 1801334, Ecuador; (S.R.); (F.D.P.); (W.S.); (M.Á.)
| | - Walter Simbaña
- Department of Research, Laboratory of Functional Foods, Department of Science and Engineering in Food and Biotechnology, Campus Huachi, Technical University of Ambato, Av. Los Chasquis y Río Payamino, Ambato 1801334, Ecuador; (S.R.); (F.D.P.); (W.S.); (M.Á.)
- Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad (INABIO), Pje. Rumipamba 341 y Av. De los Shyris, Quito170506, Ecuador
| | - Mario Álvarez
- Department of Research, Laboratory of Functional Foods, Department of Science and Engineering in Food and Biotechnology, Campus Huachi, Technical University of Ambato, Av. Los Chasquis y Río Payamino, Ambato 1801334, Ecuador; (S.R.); (F.D.P.); (W.S.); (M.Á.)
| | - María Fernanda Quinteros
- Departamento de Investigación, Universidad Estatal de Bolívar, Guaranda-Bolívar 020102, Ecuador;
| | - Wilman Carrillo
- Departamento de Ingeniería Rural y Agroalimentaria, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Dayana Morales
- Department of Research, Laboratory of Functional Foods, Department of Science and Engineering in Food and Biotechnology, Campus Huachi, Technical University of Ambato, Av. Los Chasquis y Río Payamino, Ambato 1801334, Ecuador; (S.R.); (F.D.P.); (W.S.); (M.Á.)
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12
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López MD, Toro MT, Riveros G, Illanes M, Noriega F, Schoebitz M, García-Viguera C, Moreno DA. Brassica sprouts exposed to microplastics: Effects on phytochemical constituents. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 823:153796. [PMID: 35150680 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) can affect plant biomass, tissue composition, and root traits. However, the effects of MPs on the synthesis of secondary metabolites and on the accumulation of bioactive compounds remain poorly studied. The objective of this work was to analyze accumulation of bioactive compounds in broccoli and radish sprouts grown hydroponically in a substrate containing seven different toxic amounts (from very low to extremely high) of low-density polyethylene (PE). Radish was more severely affected by microplastic pollution than broccoli. The effect on the phytochemical composition was statistically significant in both species compared to control. In this aspect, glucosinolate (GSL) content was negatively affected by MPs decreasing from 182 to 124 mg 100 g-1 at medium doses of MPs in broccoli, whereas these compounds drastically decreased from 253 to 151 mg 100 g-1 at the same doses in radish. Anthocyanin content significantly increased until medium doses of MPs ranging from 6.28 to 11.44 mg 100 g-1 in broccoli whereas in radish was from 2.44 to approximately 4 mg 100 g-1. In addition, other morphological and physiological parameter were considered. The analysis of malondialdehyde (MDA) showed significant effects on broccoli and radish in all the MP treatments. The results revealed that high loads of MPs in the substrate affect growth parameters, lipid peroxidation rate estimated by MDA, and phytochemicals of broccoli and radish sprouts, with differences in response to MPs pollution and intensity between species.
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Affiliation(s)
- M D López
- Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Agronomy, University of Concepcion, Avenida Vicente Mendez, 595, 3812120 Chillán, Chile.
| | - M T Toro
- Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Agronomy, University of Concepcion, Avenida Vicente Mendez, 595, 3812120 Chillán, Chile.
| | - G Riveros
- Departamento de Suelos y Recursos Naturales, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile; Universidad de Concepción, Víctor Lamas 1290, Concepción 4030000, Chile.
| | - M Illanes
- Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Agronomy, University of Concepcion, Avenida Vicente Mendez, 595, 3812120 Chillán, Chile.
| | - F Noriega
- Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Agronomy, University of Concepcion, Avenida Vicente Mendez, 595, 3812120 Chillán, Chile.
| | - M Schoebitz
- Departamento de Suelos y Recursos Naturales, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile; Universidad de Concepción, Víctor Lamas 1290, Concepción 4030000, Chile.
| | - C García-Viguera
- Phytochemistry and Healthy Foods Lab (LabFAS), Dept. of Food Science and Technology, CEBAS-CSIC, Campus Universitario de Espinardo-25, 30100 Murcia, Spain.
| | - D A Moreno
- Phytochemistry and Healthy Foods Lab (LabFAS), Dept. of Food Science and Technology, CEBAS-CSIC, Campus Universitario de Espinardo-25, 30100 Murcia, Spain.
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Ejjilani A, Houmanat K, Hanine H, Hssaini L, Elfazazi K, Hernandez F, Hmid I, Razouk R. Pomegranate morpho-chemodiversity: computational investigations based on in-vivo and in-vitro screening. Heliyon 2022; 8:e09345. [PMID: 35521504 PMCID: PMC9065899 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
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Evaluation of Different Black Mulberry Fruits ( Morus nigra L.) Based on Phenolic Compounds and Antioxidant Activity. Foods 2022; 11:foods11091252. [PMID: 35563975 PMCID: PMC9106001 DOI: 10.3390/foods11091252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated thirteen different black mulberry fruits (Morus nigra L.) grown in the Guangdong region in order to select the best cultivar for health benefits and commercial applications. The phenolic compounds were identified and quantified using UPLC-ESI-MS/MS. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by three in vitro methods. Significant differences among samples were found regarding total soluble solids (6.20–15.83 °Brix), titratable acidity (5.82–48.49 mg CA/g), total phenolic contents (10.82–27.29 mg GAE/g), total flavonoid contents (1.21–2.86 mg RE/g) and total anthocyanin contents (2.91–11.86 mg CE/g). Fifty-five different phenolic compounds were identified, of which fifteen were reported in mulberry for the first time, but only forty-six of them were quantitated. The DPPH radical scavenging activity, ABTS radical scavenging activity and ferric ion-reducing antioxidant power varied significantly among the samples. Overall, cultivars with better combinations of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity were Qiong46 (M-2), Yuebanguo (M-4) and Heizhenzhu (M-10), which were recommended for commercial cultivation.
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Kumar D, Ladaniya MS, Gurjar M, Kumar S. Impact of drying methods on natural antioxidants, phenols and flavanones of immature dropped Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck fruits. Sci Rep 2022; 12:6684. [PMID: 35461355 PMCID: PMC9035179 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10661-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Citrus fruits are famous for nutritional value and studies are there for extraction of secondary metabolites from citrus waste. An attempt was made to quantify antioxidants, flavonoids and phenols from dropped fruits of 8–24 mm size, to find the impact of freeze and hot-air oven drying techniques on extraction. Flavonoids (hesperidin, narirutin/isonaringin, diosmin and didymin/neoponcirin) were quantified through high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and total phenols (TPC) were estimated by Folin-Ciocalteu method. Antioxidant capacity was adjudged by azino-bis [3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid] (ABTS), 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) and Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP). Freeze dried fruits of 10 mm and 12 mm retained maximum hesperidin content (22.383% and 21.560%) in comparison to hot-air oven counterparts (18.377% and 15.090%). Narirutin/isonaringin (1.343% and 1.191%), diosmin (5.293% and 3.234%) and didymin/neoponcirin (1.187% and 1.113%) content were found higher in 8 mm and 10 mm freeze dried fruits. The antioxidant capacity (7.548–11.643 mmol L−1 Trolox, 8.164–14.710 mmol L−1 Trolox, 4.008–5.863 mmol L−1 Trolox by ABTS, DPPH and FRAP assays) and TPC were found higher in freeze dried samples. Significant correlation was found between antioxidant capacity, TPC and flavonoids at p < 0.01. Freeze drying technique can be adopted for retaining and quality extraction of bioactive compounds from immature dropped fruits for further use in nutraceutical industries.
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Metabolic Diversity of Flavonoids and Antioxidant Potential for Characterization of Underutilized Citrus Species for Nutritional Security. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11070862. [PMID: 35406843 PMCID: PMC9002625 DOI: 10.3390/plants11070862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Citrus fruits are grown commercially throughout the world. They are widely consumed due to their nutrients, use in energy supplements, and numerous health benefits. There is significant interest among consumers about this naturally available source, rich in flavonoids and antioxidants. However, underutilized citrus varieties remain unexplored due to the lack of information about the pool of nutritive properties they confer. Ten underutilized citrus varieties were collected from Nokrek Biosphere Reserve, West Garo Hills, Meghalaya, India, identified by UNESCO as a Biosphere reserve, to study the diversity in terms of limonin, ascorbic acid, carotenoids, browning, flavonoids, total phenol, and antioxidant activity, the contents of which varied significantly among different citrus cultivars. The results indicated that Citron and Pomelo were good sources of ascorbic acid (29.50 and 45.09 mg/100 mL), and that Khasi papeda was found to contain lower limonin content (9.21 ppm). However, in terms of flavonoids, Khasi papeda and Pomelo were found to exhibit a higher naringin content (189.13 ppm and 32.15 ppm), whereas the hesperidin content was highest in Kachai lemon, Khasi papeda, and Chinotto, at 199.51 ppm, 148.04 ppm, and 135.88 ppm, respectively. Antioxidant activity was assessed by three antioxidant assays (ABTS+ (radical cation azino-bis [3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid]) (ABTS), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH), and Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP)). Khasi papeda (7.48 mM L−1 Trolox), Chinotto (7.48 mM L−1 Trolox), and Pomelo (7.48 mM L−1 Trolox) exhibited the highest reducing power with DPPH radical scavenging activity, and Khasi papeda (15.41 mg GAE L−1) possessed a higher phenolic content, whereas the antioxidant activity when assessed with ABTS and FRAP assays was highest among the underutilized species of Khasi papeda (4.84 mM L−1 Trolox, 1.93 mM L−1 Trolox) and Ada Jamir (4.96 mM L−1 Trolox, 2.03 mM L−1 Trolox), respectively. To the best of our knowledge, this is among the very few papers presenting comprehensive data on the metabolic diversity of flavonoids and antioxidant potential to characterize the underutilized citrus species. This study also demonstrated that Khasi papeda, Pomelo, Chinotto, and Kachai lemon can serve as potential sources of functional components, bioactive compounds, and antioxidants, which can be explored for further application in the processing industry for nutritional security.
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Casado-Diaz A, Moreno-Rojas JM, Verdú-Soriano J, Lázaro-Martínez JL, Rodríguez-Mañas L, Tunez I, La Torre M, Berenguer Pérez M, Priego-Capote F, Pereira-Caro G. Evaluation of Antioxidant and Wound-Healing Properties of EHO-85, a Novel Multifunctional Amorphous Hydrogel Containing Olea europaea Leaf Extract. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:349. [PMID: 35214081 PMCID: PMC8879625 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14020349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The excess of free radicals in the wound environment contributes to its stagnation during the inflammatory phase, favoring hard-to-heal wounds. Oxidative stress negatively affects cells and the extracellular matrix, hindering the healing process. In this study, we evaluated the antioxidant and wound-healing properties of a novel multifunctional amorphous hydrogel-containing Olea europaea leaf extract (OELE). Five assessments were performed: (i) phenolic compounds characterization in OELE; (ii) absolute antioxidant activity determination in OELE and hydrogel (EHO-85); (iii) antioxidant activity measurement of OELE and (iv) its protective effect on cell viability on human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) and keratinocytes (HaCaT); and (v) EHO-85 wound-healing-capacity analysis on diabetic mice (db/db; BKS.Cg-m+/+Leprdb). The antioxidant activity of OELE was prominent: 2220, 1558, and 1969 µmol TE/g by DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assays, respectively. Oxidative stress induced with H2O2 in HDFs and HaCaT was normalized, and their viability increased with OELE co-treatment, thus evidencing a protective role. EHO-85 produced an early and sustained wound-healing stimulating effect superior to controls in diabetic mice. This novel amorphous hydrogel presents an important ROS scavenger capacity due to the high phenolic content of OELE, which protects skin cells from oxidative stress and contributes to the physiological process of wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Casado-Diaz
- Clinical Management Unit of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Reina Sofía University Hospital, University of Córdoba, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Frailty & Healthy Ageing, CIBERFES, Carlos III Institute of Health, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (L.R.-M.); (F.P.-C.)
- Maimónides Institute of Biomedical Research (IMIBIC), Reina Sofía University Hospital, University of Córdoba, 14004 Córdoba, Spain; (J.M.M.-R.); (I.T.); (M.L.T.); (G.P.-C.)
| | - José Manuel Moreno-Rojas
- Maimónides Institute of Biomedical Research (IMIBIC), Reina Sofía University Hospital, University of Córdoba, 14004 Córdoba, Spain; (J.M.M.-R.); (I.T.); (M.L.T.); (G.P.-C.)
- Department of Food Science and Health, Andalusian Institute of Agricultural and Fisheries Research and Training (IFAPA), 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - José Verdú-Soriano
- Department of Community Nursing, Preventive Medicine, Public Health and History of Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain; (J.V.-S.); (M.B.P.)
| | - José Luis Lázaro-Martínez
- Diabetic Foot Unit, University Podiatry Clinic, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Leocadio Rodríguez-Mañas
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Frailty & Healthy Ageing, CIBERFES, Carlos III Institute of Health, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (L.R.-M.); (F.P.-C.)
- Department of Geriatrics, Hospital Universitario de Getafe, 28905 Madrid, Spain
| | - Isaac Tunez
- Maimónides Institute of Biomedical Research (IMIBIC), Reina Sofía University Hospital, University of Córdoba, 14004 Córdoba, Spain; (J.M.M.-R.); (I.T.); (M.L.T.); (G.P.-C.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of Córdoba, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Manuel La Torre
- Maimónides Institute of Biomedical Research (IMIBIC), Reina Sofía University Hospital, University of Córdoba, 14004 Córdoba, Spain; (J.M.M.-R.); (I.T.); (M.L.T.); (G.P.-C.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of Córdoba, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Miriam Berenguer Pérez
- Department of Community Nursing, Preventive Medicine, Public Health and History of Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain; (J.V.-S.); (M.B.P.)
| | - Feliciano Priego-Capote
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Frailty & Healthy Ageing, CIBERFES, Carlos III Institute of Health, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (L.R.-M.); (F.P.-C.)
- Maimónides Institute of Biomedical Research (IMIBIC), Reina Sofía University Hospital, University of Córdoba, 14004 Córdoba, Spain; (J.M.M.-R.); (I.T.); (M.L.T.); (G.P.-C.)
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Nanochemistry, University of Córdoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Gema Pereira-Caro
- Maimónides Institute of Biomedical Research (IMIBIC), Reina Sofía University Hospital, University of Córdoba, 14004 Córdoba, Spain; (J.M.M.-R.); (I.T.); (M.L.T.); (G.P.-C.)
- Department of Food Science and Health, Andalusian Institute of Agricultural and Fisheries Research and Training (IFAPA), 14004 Córdoba, Spain
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Arlotta C, Toscano V, Genovese C, Calderaro P, Puglia GD, Raccuia SA. Nutraceutical Content and Genetic Diversity Share a Common Pattern in New Pomegranate Genotypes. Molecules 2022; 27:389. [PMID: 35056703 PMCID: PMC8779006 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27020389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The nutraceutical value of pomegranate in the treatment of many diseases is well-documented and is linked to its richness in phenolic compounds. This study aims to evaluate the nutraceutical and genetic diversity of novel pomegranate genotypes (G1-G5) in comparison to leading commercial pomegranate varieties, i.e., 'Wonderful', 'Primosole', 'Dente di Cavallo' and 'Valenciana'. Morphometric measurements were carried out on fruits, accompanied by chemical characterization (total phenolic content, antioxidant activity, carbohydrates and minerals) and the development of four new polymorphic SSR markers involved in the flavonoid pathway. The cultivars displayed a marked variability in the weight and shape of the fruits, as well as in the weight of the arils and juice yield. The highest level of total phenolic content and antioxidant activity was found in 'Wonderful' and G4, while the lowest was in 'Dente di Cavallo'. Furthermore, the results showed that pomegranate juice is an excellent source of minerals, especially potassium, which plays a key role in organ functioning. The new flavonoid-related markers effectively differentiated the cultivars with the same diversity pattern as morpho-chemical characterization, so the SSRs developed in the present study can be used as a rapid tool for the identification of pomegranate cultivars with relevant nutraceutical traits, such as the new genotypes investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Claudia Genovese
- Institute for Agricultural and Forest Systems in the Mediterranean, National Research Council (ISAFOM-CNR), 95128 Catania, Italy; (C.A.); (V.T.); (P.C.); (G.D.P.); (S.A.R.)
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An JA, Lee J, Park J, Auh JH, Lee C. Authentication of pomegranate juice using multidimensional analysis of its metabolites. Food Sci Biotechnol 2021; 30:1635-1643. [PMID: 34925939 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-021-00995-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
With the growing popularity and demand of pomegranate juice, its adulteration has also steadily increased. In this study, to authenticate pure or adulterated juice, the major components of pomegranate juice were compared with those of grape, peach, and apple juices (which are common adulterants in pomegranate juice) using liquid chromatography-electrospray-tandem mass spectrometry, ion chromatography, and inductively coupled plasma spectrometry. The various parameters evaluated were as follows: the ratio of malic acid to citric acid content, presence of tartaric acid, and levels of glucose, fructose, and mannitol, and sucrose. Potassium was the most abundant mineral in pomegranate juice, and the content ratio of other minerals/potassium did not exceed 0.1. The reliability of this method was confirmed in blind tests and monitoring experiments with commercial pomegranate juice. In conclusion, a simple and effective method was developed to detect adulteration in pomegranate juice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Ah An
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, 4726, Seodong-daero, Anseong, Gyeonggi-do 17546 Republic of Korea
| | - Jihee Lee
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, 4726, Seodong-daero, Anseong, Gyeonggi-do 17546 Republic of Korea
| | - Juhee Park
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, 4726, Seodong-daero, Anseong, Gyeonggi-do 17546 Republic of Korea
| | - Joong-Hyuck Auh
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, 4726, Seodong-daero, Anseong, Gyeonggi-do 17546 Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Lee
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, 4726, Seodong-daero, Anseong, Gyeonggi-do 17546 Republic of Korea
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GUTIÉRREZ RSÁNCHEZ, PINCHEIRA CGUZMÁN. Description of the antioxidant capacity of Calafate berries (Berberis microphylla) collected in southern Chile. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.25820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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21
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Phenolic Compounds in Calafate Berries Encapsulated by Spray Drying: Neuroprotection Potential into the Ingredient. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10111830. [PMID: 34829700 PMCID: PMC8614940 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10111830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Calafate is a berry rich in anthocyanins that presents higher content of polyphenols than other fruits. Its compounds have been described previously, however, the potential thereof in preventing and treating degenerative disorders has not yet been studied. Due to its astringency, the consumption of this berry in its natural state is limited. To profit from the aforementioned properties and reduce palatability issues, calafate berry extracts were microencapsulated by spray drying, a rapid, cost-effective and scalable process, and were then compared with freeze drying as a control. The stability of its contents and its in-vitro potential, with respect to AChE activity and neuroprotection, were measured from the obtained microcapsules, resulting from temperature treatments and different encapsulant contents. The results indicated that the spray-dried powders were stable, despite high temperatures, and their encapsulation exhibited nearly 50% efficiency. The highest quantity of polyphenols and 3-O-glycosylated anthocyanins was obtained from encapsulation with 20% maltodextrin, at 120 °C. Temperature did not affect the microcapsules’ biological action, as demonstrated by their antioxidant activities. The prevention of Aβ peptide cytotoxicity in PC12 cells (20%) revealed that encapsulated calafate can confer neuroprotection. We conclude that spray-drying is an appropriate technique for scaling-up and producing new value-added calafate formulations with anti-neurodegenerative effects and vivid colors.
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22
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Ben Amara M, Abdelli S, De Chiara MLV, Pati S, Amodio ML, Colelli G, Ben Abda J. Changes in quality attributes and volatile profile of ready‐to‐eat “Gabsi” pomegranate arils as affected by storage duration and temperatures. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.14415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mouna Ben Amara
- Unité de Recherche en Agrobiodiversité (UR13AGR05) Institut Supérieur Agronomique IRESA‐Université de Sousse, Chott‐Mariem Sousse Tunisia
| | - Sabrine Abdelli
- Unité de Recherche en Agrobiodiversité (UR13AGR05) Institut Supérieur Agronomique IRESA‐Université de Sousse, Chott‐Mariem Sousse Tunisia
| | | | - Sandra Pati
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, degli Alimenti e dell'Ambiente (SAFE) Università di Foggia Foggia Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Amodio
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, degli Alimenti e dell'Ambiente (SAFE) Università di Foggia Foggia Italy
| | - Giancarlo Colelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, degli Alimenti e dell'Ambiente (SAFE) Università di Foggia Foggia Italy
| | - Jameleddine Ben Abda
- Unité de Recherche en Agrobiodiversité (UR13AGR05) Institut Supérieur Agronomique IRESA‐Université de Sousse, Chott‐Mariem Sousse Tunisia
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Esposto S, Veneziani G, Taticchi A, Urbani S, Selvaggini R, Sordini B, Daidone L, Gironi G, Servili M. Chemical Composition, Antioxidant Activity, and Sensory Characterization of Commercial Pomegranate Juices. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10091381. [PMID: 34573013 PMCID: PMC8471094 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10091381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We undertook a qualitative and quantitative assessment of the bioactive compounds, volatile substances, sensory profile, and antioxidant activity of eight different commercial pomegranate juices (PJs) differing by cultivation area, processing (from concentrate (CPJ) or not (NCPJ)), and microbial stabilization. Punicalins were the main ellagitannins, whereas the predominant anthocyanin was cyanidin 3,5-diglucoside, followed by cyanidin 3-glucoside. Total phenols, tannins, hydrolyzable tannins, and anthocyanins in the investigated juices ranged from 1379.9 to 3748.8 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/L, 394.8 to 895.2 mg GAE/L, 150.8 to 2374.2 mg ellagic acid/L, and 0 to 281 mg cyanidin 3-glucoside/L, respectively. Antioxidant activity, determined by DPPH•, FRAP, and ABTS, was positively correlated with the total phenolic compounds and hydrolyzable tannins. Alcohols, acids, and furans were the volatile groups that best described the differences between juices. The most abundant volatile compound was 3-Furfural (8.6–879.9 µg/L) in those juices subjected to the concentration process and to high-temperature short-time (HTST) treatment, whereas it was not present in juice subjected to high-pressure processing (HPP). Processing also affected the juices’ sensory attributes: NCPJs were characterized by ‘red–purple’, ‘pomegranate fruit’, ‘fresh fruit’, and ‘overall intensity’ notes, while in CPJs these notes were not revealed or were masked by those related to heat treatment. Our results provide useful information on the importance of extraction methods and on the overall quality of PJ for the food industry.
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Arendse E, Nieuwoudt H, Fawole OA, Opara UL. Effect of Different Extraction Methods on the Quality and Biochemical Attributes of Pomegranate Juice and the Application of Fourier Transformed Infrared Spectroscopy in Discriminating Between Different Extraction Methods. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:702575. [PMID: 34497620 PMCID: PMC8419332 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.702575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of extraction methods on the physicochemical, phytochemical, and antioxidant properties of pomegranate juice (cv. Wonderful). In addition, the application of attenuated total reflectance Fourier transformed mid-infrared (ATR-FT-MIR) spectroscopy and chemometrics were explored in order to discriminate between different extraction methods. Juice variants evaluated included juice extracted without crushing the seeds (arils only) using a juice extractor (JE), juice extracted by crushing the seeds using a blender (arils plus seed) (JB), and juice extracted from half fruit using a commercial hand press juicer (CH). Juice extracted from CH had higher total soluble solid (TSS) content (18.20%), TSS/TA ratio (15.83), and color properties (a* = 32.67, b* = 11.80, C* = 34.77) compared with extraction methods JE and JB. The juice extracted from JB showed the highest titratable acidity (2.17%), cloudiness (0.43), and lowest pH value (2.69). The total phenolics and anthocyanin content in the investigated juice ranged from 1.87 to 3.04 g gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/L and 37.74-43.67 mg cyanidin 3-glucoside equivalent/L of crude juice, respectively. Juice extracted from JB and CH was significantly higher in phenolic and anthocyanin compared with JE. Orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) and principal component analysis (PCA) were used for classification. Classification accuracy of 100% was achieved between the three methods. The S-line plot revealed that the corresponding wavelength bands within the following regions 1,090, 1,250, 1,750, and 3,200 cm-1 were responsible for discrimination between the different extraction methods. Our results suggest that the main contributor to the discrimination between extraction methods were TSS, TSS/TA, color attributes, and anthocyanin content. Overall, this study has demonstrated that ATR-FT-MIR spectroscopy provides a powerful way to discriminate between juice extraction methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebrahiema Arendse
- SARChI Postharvest Technology Research Laboratory, Faculty of AgriSciences, Africa Institute for Postharvest Technology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Helene Nieuwoudt
- Department Viticulture and Oenology, Institute for Wine Biotechnology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Olaniyi Amos Fawole
- SARChI Postharvest Technology Research Laboratory, Faculty of AgriSciences, Africa Institute for Postharvest Technology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
- Postharvest Research Laboratory, Department of Botany and Plant Biotechnology, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Umezuruike Linus Opara
- SARChI Postharvest Technology Research Laboratory, Faculty of AgriSciences, Africa Institute for Postharvest Technology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
- UNESCO International Centre for Biotechnology, Nsukka, Nigeria
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25
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Zhao X, Yuan Z. Anthocyanins from Pomegranate (Punica granatum L. ) and Their Role in Antioxidant Capacities in Vitro. Chem Biodivers 2021; 18:e2100399. [PMID: 34388293 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202100399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
As phytochemicals, anthocyanins are not only responsible for the diverse colors in nature, but are associated with broad-spectrum health-promoting effects for human beings. Pomegranate is abundant in anthocyanins which possess high antioxidant capacities. However, the pomegranate anthocyanins profile and their contributions to antioxidant capacities are not fully depicted. The purpose of this paper is to review anthocyanins from pomegranate as important antioxidants. Total anthocyanin content (TAC) and six major components vary greatly with intrinsic and extrinsic factors. In pomegranate, anthocyanins mainly acted as primary antioxidants, while their action as secondary antioxidants were not conclusive. The antioxidant potentials of anthocyanins were significantly affected by factors especially chemical structure and detection assays in vitro. The current knowledge may provide insights into potential applications for pomegranate anthocyanins based on their antioxidant activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqing Zhao
- Nanjing Forestry University, College of Forestry, 159 Longpan Rd., 210037, Nanjing, CHINA
| | - Zhaohe Yuan
- Nanjing Forestry University, College of Forestry, 159 Longpan Rd., 210037, Nanjing, CHINA
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26
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Khadivi A, Arab M. Identification of the superior genotypes of pomegranate ( Punica granatum L.) using morphological and fruit characters. Food Sci Nutr 2021; 9:4578-4588. [PMID: 34401105 PMCID: PMC8358378 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) fruits can be used for fresh consumption, industrial processing, and medicinal purposes. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the diversity of its different genotypes to be aware of their potential. In the present study, morphological and pomological diversity of 70 native pomegranate genotypes was evaluated to introduce superior selections. Most of the characters showed significant differences among the genotypes. Fruit weight ranged from 103.28 to 407.59 g, and total aril weight per fruit ranged from 51.55 to 238.97 g. Fruit peel color was highly variable and included yellow, yellow-red, red, and red-brown. The sunburn and cracking disorders were not observed on the peel of the majority of genotypes. Aril color was highly variable, including light milky, pink, white-red, red, and red-black. Seed was soft in 17, semi-soft in 21, and hard in 32 genotypes. Total aril weight per fruit was positively and significantly correlated with fruit length (r = 0.64), fruit diameter (r = 0.87), fruit weight (r = 0.95), fruit stalk diameter (r = 0.52), fruit peel weight (r = 0.71), and aril shape (r = 0.32). Principal component analysis (PCA) showed that the fruit-related traits were important for determining differences between genotypes. Based on the ideal values of commercial characters of pomegranate, 15 genotypes were promising and thus could be directly cultivated in the orchards and used in the breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Khadivi
- Department of Horticultural SciencesFaculty of Agriculture and Natural ResourcesArak UniversityArakIran
| | - Marzieh Arab
- Department of Horticultural SciencesFaculty of Agriculture and Natural ResourcesArak UniversityArakIran
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Yu M, Gouvinhas I, Barros A. Variation of the Polyphenolic Composition and Antioxidant Capacity of Freshly Prepared Pomegranate Leaf Infusions over One-Day Storage. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10081187. [PMID: 34439435 PMCID: PMC8388870 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10081187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent decades, an intensive search for natural and novel types of antioxidant polyphenolics has been carried out on numerous plant materials. However, the current literature has very little information on their storage stability in the form of freshly prepared infusions. This study aims to characterize the polyphenolic composition and the antioxidant capacity of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) leaf infusions over one-day storage (analyzed at 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 24 h). Spectrophotometric evaluation demonstrated that the infusion presented no significant changes in the content of total phenols (131.40–133.47 mg gallic acid g−1) and ortho-diphenols (239.91–244.25 mg gallic acid g−1). The infusion also maintained high stability (over 98% and 82%, respectively) for flavonoids (53.30–55.84 mg rutin g−1) and condensed tannins (102.15–124.20 mg epicatechin g−1), with stable (>90%) potent antioxidant capacity (1.5–2.2 mmol Trolox g−1) throughout 0–24 h storage. The main decrease was observed during 0–2 h storage of flavonoids, 8–24 h storage of tannins, and 0–4 h storage of antioxidant capacity. Chromatographic analysis further revealed that 7 decreased and 11 increased compounds were found within 0–24 h storage. The good stability of the total polyphenolics and antioxidant properties might be related to the complex conversion and activity compensation among these compounds. The findings suggest that pomegranate leaf infusion could be of great interest in the valorization of high added-value by-products and in the application of green and functional alternatives in the food-pharma and nutraceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manyou Yu
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB)/Inov4Agro (Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building, and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (I.G.); (A.B.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Irene Gouvinhas
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB)/Inov4Agro (Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building, and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (I.G.); (A.B.)
| | - Ana Barros
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB)/Inov4Agro (Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building, and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (I.G.); (A.B.)
- Department of Chemistry, School of Life Sciences and Environment, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
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28
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Quantification of Flavonoids, Phenols and Antioxidant Potential from Dropped Citrus reticulata Blanco Fruits Influenced by Drying Techniques. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26144159. [PMID: 34299432 PMCID: PMC8306461 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26144159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Physiologically dropped immature Citrus reticulata Blanco fruits are regarded as waste and discarded in the citrus orchard but are a good source of bioactive compounds including flavonoids, antioxidants and total phenols. A study was undertaken to identify and quantify these bioactive compounds and to investigate the influence of different drying techniques, namely freeze drying and hot air oven drying, on flavonoids namely flavanone glycosides, antioxidant potential and total phenol content in immature dropped fruits of Citrus reticulata Blanco. Flavonoids were quantified in high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The antioxidant activity were investigated with three assays azino-bis [3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid]) (ABTS), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH), Ferric Reducing Ability of Plasma (FRAP) and total phenol content was determined. Freeze dried samples of 12 and 14 mm size retained maximum hesperidin flavonoid content (27.03% and 27.20%) as compared to the hot air dried samples (17.99%) and retained higher phenolic content ranged from 50.54-54.19 mg GAEL-1. The antioxidant activity in freeze dried fruits was from 12.21-13.55 mM L-1 Trolox and 15.27-16.72 mM L-1 Trolox with ABTS, DPPH assay and FRAP values ranging from 7.31-9.07 mM L-1 Trolox. Significant positive correlation was found between the flavonoid hesperidin with antioxidant assays and total phenolic content (TPC). The results showed that waste citrus fruits can act as potential source of bioflavonoids, especially hesperidin, and antioxidants for pharmaceutical as well as nutraceutical industry.
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29
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Budiene J, Guclu G, Oussou KF, Kelebek H, Selli S. Elucidation of Volatiles, Anthocyanins, Antioxidant and Sensory Properties of cv. Caner Pomegranate ( Punica granatum L.) Juices Produced from Three Juice Extraction Methods. Foods 2021; 10:foods10071497. [PMID: 34203382 PMCID: PMC8304681 DOI: 10.3390/foods10071497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This study deals with the characterization of the phytochemical profiles and antioxidant activities of cv. Caner pomegranate (Punica granatum) juices obtained from three different juice extraction methods including halved pomegranate (HPJ), arils (AJ), and macerated arils (MAJ) extraction for the first time. It was found that the type of the juice extraction process had substantial effects on the volatiles, anthocyanin compositions, and antioxidant activities of the samples. Results showed that the AJ sample (593 mg L-1) had more anthocyanin compounds followed by HPJ (555 mg L-1) and MAJ (408 mg L-1) samples. GC-MS analysis revealed a total of 34 volatile compounds. The highest number of volatiles was found in the MAJ sample (1872 µg L-1); thus, the aril maceration process played an important role in increasing the volatiles as compared to the HPJ (751.8 µg L-1) and AJ (710.7 µg L-1) samples. Sensory analysis showed that the HPJ sample was the most preferred and its general impression was higher as compared to the AJ and MAJ samples. The findings of this study elucidated that the juice extraction technique had a significant influence on the phytochemical profiles, sensory quality, and antioxidant activity of pomegranate juices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jurga Budiene
- Department of Organic Chemistry, State Research Institute Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Sauletekio Ave. 3, LT-10222 Vilnius, Lithuania;
| | - Gamze Guclu
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Cukurova University, Adana 01130, Turkey; (G.G.); (K.F.O.)
| | - Kouame Fulbert Oussou
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Cukurova University, Adana 01130, Turkey; (G.G.); (K.F.O.)
| | - Hasim Kelebek
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Adana Alparslan Turkes Science and Technology University, Adana 01250, Turkey;
| | - Serkan Selli
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Cukurova University, Adana 01130, Turkey; (G.G.); (K.F.O.)
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Cukurova University, Adana 01250, Turkey
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +90-322-338-6173
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30
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Evaluation of freeze crystallization on pomegranate juice quality in comparison with conventional thermal processing. FOOD BIOSCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2021.101106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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31
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Phytochemical and antioxidant analysis of medicinal and food plants towards bioactive food and pharmaceutical resources. Sci Rep 2021; 11:10041. [PMID: 33976317 PMCID: PMC8113553 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-89437-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants with medicinal properties play an increasingly important role in food and pharmaceutical industries for their functions on disease prevention and treatment. This study characterizes the phenolic composition and antioxidant activity of seven medicinal and food plants, including the leaves of Salvia officinalis L., Rosmarinus officinalis L., Olea europaea L., and Punica granatum L., as well as the leaves and young stems of Ruta graveolens L., Mentha piperita L., and Petroselinum crispum, Mill., by using colorimetric, chromatographic, and spectrophotometric assays. Results revealed that the hydro-methanolic leaf extracts of P. granatum (pomegranate) displayed the highest content of total phenols (199.26 mg gallic acid per gram of plant dry weight), ortho-diphenols (391.76 mg gallic acid per gram of plant dry weight), and tannins (99.20 mg epicatechin per gram of plant dry weight), besides a higher content of flavonoids (24 mg catechin per gram of plant dry weight). The highest antioxidant capacity measured by ABTS, DPPH, and FRAP (2.14, 2.27, and 2.33 mM Trolox per gram of plant dry weight, respectively) methods was also obtained in pomegranate leaf extracts, being 4–200 times higher than the other species. Such potent antioxidant activity of pomegranate leaves can be ascribed to the presence of different types of phenolic compounds and the high content in tannins, whilst phenolic acids and flavonoids were found to be the dominant phenolic classes of the other six plants. Consequently, despite the well-known antioxidant properties of these plant species, our study suggests pomegranate leaf can stand out as a relatively more valuable plant source of natural bioactive molecules for developing novel functional food-pharma ingredients, with potential for not only promoting human health but also improving bio-valorization and environment.
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32
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Rozzanigo E, Stiletto A, Lomolino G, Vincenzi S, Trestini S. Sensory preferences for pomegranate arils in Italy: A comparison between different varieties and cultivation sites. FLAVOUR FRAG J 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ffj.3659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Erika Rozzanigo
- Department of Land, Environment, Agriculture and Forestry (TESAF) University of Padua Legnaro Italy
| | - Alice Stiletto
- Department of Land, Environment, Agriculture and Forestry (TESAF) University of Padua Legnaro Italy
| | - Giovanna Lomolino
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE) University of Padua Legnaro Italy
| | - Simone Vincenzi
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE) University of Padua Legnaro Italy
| | - Samuele Trestini
- Department of Land, Environment, Agriculture and Forestry (TESAF) University of Padua Legnaro Italy
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33
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Bai L, Maimaitiyiming R, Wang L. Effects of four individual lactic acid bacteria on the physical and chemical and antioxidant properties of Kuqa apple juice during fermentation. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.15385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Bai
- Institute of College of Life Science and Technology Xinjiang University Urumqi People's Republic of China
| | - Ruxianguli Maimaitiyiming
- Institute of College of Life Science and Technology Xinjiang University Urumqi People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Wang
- Institute of College of Life Science and Technology Xinjiang University Urumqi People's Republic of China
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34
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Hegazi NM, El-Shamy S, Fahmy H, Farag MA. Pomegranate juice as a super-food: A comprehensive review of its extraction, analysis, and quality assessment approaches. J Food Compost Anal 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2020.103773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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35
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Spray-Dried Formulations Rich in Malvidin from Tintorera Grape Wastes: Characterization, Stability, and Storage. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9030518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This research was focused on developing means of Tintorera grape (Vitis vinifera L.) waste recovery, devising new value-added uses for that material and optimizing of anthocyanin-rich formulations by spray-drying in order to obtain novel ingredients, all for food industry use. First, the identification of phenolic compounds in Tintorera grape extracts by HPLC-DAD-ESI-MSn enabled characterization of the raw material’s health-promoting characteristics. Maintaining the spray-dried products for 4 weeks’ storage enabled study of the formulation’s loss of anthocyanins and antioxidant properties due to drying process temperatures as well as analysis of the retention and stability of such compounds under different conditions (20 and 40 °C). Tintorera grapes presented a significant amount of Malvidin 3-O-hex (5.66 mg g−1 DW). Anthocyanins in spray-dried formulations were stable for 4 weeks. Optimal conditions in the spray-dryer facilitated the products’ antioxidant capacity; for instance, using 10% maltodextrin (w:v) at 90 °C inlet temperature had a little influence on the reduction in encapsulated malvidin 3-O-hex (15%) and presented 3.35 mg GAE g−1 DW of total polyphenol contents, 98.62 µmol Trolox (FRAP assay), and 39.97 µmol Trolox (DPPH assay). Principal component analyses (PCA) showed a high degree of dependence between anthocyanin content and maintenance of antioxidant capacity during storage. These results offer a promising alternative for the industrial management of wine-making wastes in order to implement a sustainable protocol for development of Tintorera grape extracts rich in bioactive compounds for new beverages and functional foods.
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36
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Paulsen E, Moreno DA, Periago PM, Lema P. Influence of microwave bag vs. conventional microwave cooking on phytochemicals of industrially and domestically processed broccoli. Food Res Int 2021; 140:110077. [PMID: 33648297 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.110077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Cooking vegetables in microwave bags is becoming a popular domestic cooking method, being relevant to know how this cooking method affects health-promoting phytochemicals of staples such as broccoli. The aim of this work was to study the effect of microwave bag cooking versus conventional microwaving on bioactive compound content (glucosinolates and hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives) and other quality parameters (such as antioxidant capacity, mineral content and microbial load) of broccoli florets. The influence of cooking time on bioactive compounds content was also evaluated. The study was carried out in two independent experiments; using intact broccoli and broccoli preprocessed in industry. Microwave bag cooked broccoli for 5 min (following label recommendation) showed higher glucosinolate content retention compared to conventional microwaving. Results suggest that volatilization could be an important phenomenon in reduction of glucosinolates during microwave cooking of broccoli florets. Glucosinolate profile did not change after cooking, regardless of cooking method applied. Furthermore, microwave bag cooked broccoli presented higher antioxidant capacity (by DPPH assay) than conventional microwaved broccoli. Hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives content was reduced in microwave cooking, regardless of method applied. Altogether, the use of microwave bags for microwaving is a novel method that retains main bioactive components of broccoli. This option is a fast, easy and considerably clean cooking option to fulfill modern consumer needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Paulsen
- Instituto de Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de la República, Julio Herrera y Reissig 565, Montevideo, Uruguay.
| | - Diego A Moreno
- Phytochemistry and Healthy Foods Laboratory, Department of Food Science and Technology, CEBAS-CSIC, Campus Universitario de Espinardo-Edificio 25, E-30100 Espinardo, Murcia, Spain; Associated Unit of R&D and Innovation CEBAS-CSIC+UPCT on "Quality and Risk Assessment of Foods", CEBAS-CSIC, Campus Espinardo - 25, E-30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Paula M Periago
- Associated Unit of R&D and Innovation CEBAS-CSIC+UPCT on "Quality and Risk Assessment of Foods", CEBAS-CSIC, Campus Espinardo - 25, E-30100 Murcia, Spain; Departamento de Ingeniería Agronómica (ETSIA), Instituto de Biotecnología Vegetal, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena (UPCT), Paseo Alfonso XIII, 48, 30203 Cartagena, Murcia, Spain
| | - Patricia Lema
- Instituto de Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de la República, Julio Herrera y Reissig 565, Montevideo, Uruguay
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37
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Gea-Botella S, Agulló L, Martí N, Martínez-Madrid MC, Lizama V, Martín-Bermudo F, Berná G, Saura D, Valero M. Carotenoids from persimmon juice processing. Food Res Int 2021; 141:109882. [PMID: 33641941 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was the use and revalorization of two persimmon by-products A and B generated in the juice production process. The by-product B resulting from a pectinase enzymatic treatment of peels and pulp to optimize juice extraction was especially suitable for recovery of valuable bioactive carotenoids. The extraction solvents and solvent combinations used were: ethanol, acetone, ethanol/acetone (50:50 v/v) and ethanol/acetone/hexane (25:25:50 v/v/v). HPLC-DAD analysis detected and identified a total of nine individual carotenoids namely violaxanthin, neoxanthin, antheraxanthin, lutein, zeaxanthin, β-cryptoxanthin 5,6-epoxide, β-cryptoxanthin, α-carotene, and β-carotene. β-cryptoxanthin and β-carotene represented 49.2% and 13.2% of the total carotenoid content (TCC) in the acetone extract from by-product B. TCC contributed greatly to antioxidant activity of acetone extract derived from this by-product. Pectinase enzymatic treatment of persimmon peels and pulp followed by absolute acetone extraction of carotenoids could be an efficient method to obtain a rich extract in these compounds that could be used as nutraceutical ingredient.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Gea-Botella
- Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Edificio Torregaitán, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche (UMH), Avenida de la Universidad s/n, 03202 Elche, Alicante, Spain
| | - L Agulló
- Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Edificio Torregaitán, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche (UMH), Avenida de la Universidad s/n, 03202 Elche, Alicante, Spain
| | - N Martí
- Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Edificio Torregaitán, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche (UMH), Avenida de la Universidad s/n, 03202 Elche, Alicante, Spain
| | - M C Martínez-Madrid
- Departamento de Agroquímica y Medio Ambiente, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche (UMH), Campus de Orihuela, Carretera de Beniel km 3.2, 03312 Orihuela, Alicante, Spain
| | - V Lizama
- Instituto de Ingeniería de Alimentos para el Desarrollo, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Avenida Fausto Elio s/n, Edificio 8E, Acceso F Planta 0, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - F Martín-Bermudo
- Centro Andaluz de Biología Molecular y Medicina Regenerativa-CABIMER, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Universidad de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - G Berná
- Centro Andaluz de Biología Molecular y Medicina Regenerativa-CABIMER, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Universidad de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - D Saura
- Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Edificio Torregaitán, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche (UMH), Avenida de la Universidad s/n, 03202 Elche, Alicante, Spain
| | - M Valero
- Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Edificio Torregaitán, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche (UMH), Avenida de la Universidad s/n, 03202 Elche, Alicante, Spain.
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Characterization of Andean Blueberry in Bioactive Compounds, Evaluation of Biological Properties, and In Vitro Bioaccessibility. Foods 2020; 9:foods9101483. [PMID: 33080796 PMCID: PMC7602944 DOI: 10.3390/foods9101483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate Andean blueberries (Vaccinium floribundum Kunth) from Ecuador as a potential functional ingredient for the food and pharmaceutical industries. The analysis of bioactive compounds by HPLC–DAD–MSn determined a high content of (poly)phenols, mainly anthocyanins, and the presence of the carotenoid lutein. Regarding its biological properties, Andean blueberry did not show toxicity by the zebrafish embryogenesis test, showing also a lack of the antinutrients lectins. Moreover, the results of in vitro and in vivo antioxidant capacity evaluation suggested its possibility to be used as natural antioxidant. This fruit also exhibited antimicrobial activity toward Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli in low doses. Finally, in vitro gastrointestinal (GI) digestion showed a partial bioaccessibility of (poly) phenols (~50% at the final step), showing high antioxidant capacity in the different GI phases. These results revealed Andean blueberry as an interesting candidate for being used as a functional ingredient and the development of further in vivo and clinical assays.
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Chemical and physical attributes of fruit juice and peel of pomegranate genotypes grown in Florida, USA. Food Chem 2020; 342:128302. [PMID: 33060002 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.128302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The global demand for pomegranate has led to increasing research and improvement of cultivars that produce higher antioxidant compounds. The current study was carried out to evaluate the bioactive constituents and physical properties of fourteen pomegranate genotypes grown in the subtropical region of Florida. There were differences in aril color among genotypes. The highest total anthocyanin content was found in 'Ariana', 'Molla Nepes', and 'Parfianka' genotypes. Furthermore, total anthocyanin content in peel ranged from 2.14 to 10.86 mg/100 g dry weight. Total phenolic content in the pomegranate fruit juice differed significantly among genotypes, varying from 365.71 to 1167.40 mg/L. Moreover, total phenolic content in the fruit peel ranged from 1313.08 to 1700.07 mg/L. Total phenolic compounds and reducing power activity in peel tissues were greater than in pomegranate juice. Reducing power activity and titratable acidity were positively and significantly correlated with total anthocyanin content.
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Arlotta C, Puglia GD, Genovese C, Toscano V, Karlova R, Beekwilder J, De Vos RCH, Raccuia SA. MYB5-like and bHLH influence flavonoid composition in pomegranate. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 298:110563. [PMID: 32771164 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2020.110563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The fruit of the pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) is an important nutraceutical food rich in polyphenolic compounds, including hydrolysable tannins, anthocyanins and flavonols. Their composition varies according to cultivar, tissue and fruit development stage and is probably regulated by a combination of MYB and bHLH type transcription factors (TFs). In this study, metabolomics analysis during fruit developmental stages in the main pomegranate cultivars, Wonderful and Valenciana with contrasting colour of their ripe fruits, showed that flavonols were mostly present in flowers while catechins were highest in unripe fruits and anthocyanins in late fruit maturation stages. A novel MYB TF, PgMYB5-like, was identified, which differs from previously isolated pomegranate TFs by unique C-terminal protein motifs and lack of the amino-acid residues conserved among anthocyanins promoting MYBs. In both pomegranate cultivars the expression of PgMYB5-like was high at flowering stage, while it decreased during fruit ripening. A previously identified bHLH-type TF, PgbHLH, also showed high transcript levels at flowering stage in both cultivars, while it showed a decrease in expression during fruit ripening in cv. Valenciana, but not in cv. Wonderful. Functional analysis of both TFs was performed by agro-infiltration into Nicotiana benthamiana leaves. Plants infiltrated with the PgMYB5-like+PgbHLH combined construct showed a specific and significant accumulation of intermediates of the flavonoid pathway, especially dihydroflavonols, while anthocyanins were not produced. Thus, we propose a role for PgMYB5-like and PgbHLH in the first steps of flavonoid production in flowers and in unripe fruits. The expression patterns of these two TFs may be key in determining the differential flavonoid composition in both flowers and fruits of the pomegranate varieties Wonderful and Valenciana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Arlotta
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto per i Sistemi Agricoli e Forestali del Mediterraneo (CNR-ISAFOM) U.O.S. Catania, Via Empedocle, 58, 95128, Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe D Puglia
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto per i Sistemi Agricoli e Forestali del Mediterraneo (CNR-ISAFOM) U.O.S. Catania, Via Empedocle, 58, 95128, Catania, Italy.
| | - Claudia Genovese
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto per i Sistemi Agricoli e Forestali del Mediterraneo (CNR-ISAFOM) U.O.S. Catania, Via Empedocle, 58, 95128, Catania, Italy
| | - Valeria Toscano
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto per i Sistemi Agricoli e Forestali del Mediterraneo (CNR-ISAFOM) U.O.S. Catania, Via Empedocle, 58, 95128, Catania, Italy
| | - Rumyana Karlova
- Wageningen Plant Research, Bioscience, 6700 AA, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jules Beekwilder
- Wageningen Plant Research, Bioscience, 6700 AA, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Ric C H De Vos
- Wageningen Plant Research, Bioscience, 6700 AA, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Salvatore A Raccuia
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto per i Sistemi Agricoli e Forestali del Mediterraneo (CNR-ISAFOM) U.O.S. Catania, Via Empedocle, 58, 95128, Catania, Italy
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Arendse E, Nieuwoudt H, Magwaza LS, Nturambirwe JFI, Fawole OA, Opara UL. Recent Advancements on Vibrational Spectroscopic Techniques for the Detection of Authenticity and Adulteration in Horticultural Products with a Specific Focus on Oils, Juices and Powders. FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11947-020-02505-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Not-from-concentrate pilot plant 'Wonderful' cultivar pomegranate juice changes: Quality. Food Chem 2020; 318:126453. [PMID: 32143128 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.126453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Colorful fruits conveying astringent beverages providing well documented health-benefits may present clarification, turbidity and sedimentation problems. Hydraulic pressing whole 'Wonderful' pomegranates and ultrafiltration followed by high temperature short-time pasteurization was used to mimic the dominant U.S. commercial juicing protocol, delivering not-from-concentrate juices, stored at 4 and 25 °C for 3 months. A goal was to avoid expensive and complicated clarification and fining steps. Data were subjected to an analysis of variance and principal components analysis. Changes in quality attributes, organic acids and anthocyanidins are presented. Hydraulic pressing, ultrafiltration and initial pasteurization had minor effects on color parameters, organic acids and anthocyanidins. There were no significant temperature, time or factorial effects for all color parameters during storage of the not-from-concentrate pasteurized juices. However, there were significant time- and temperature-effect decreases in organic acids and anthocyanidins. This is the first report on quality attributes in ultrafiltered, pasteurized and stored not-from-concentrate 'Wonderful' pomegranate juice.
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Parisio C, Lucarini E, Micheli L, Toti A, Khatib M, Mulinacci N, Calosi L, Bani D, Di Cesare Mannelli L, Ghelardini C. Pomegranate Mesocarp against Colitis-Induced Visceral Pain in Rats: Effects of a Decoction and Its Fractions. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E4304. [PMID: 32560291 PMCID: PMC7353021 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21124304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The management of chronic visceral pain related to Inflammatory Bowel Diseases or Irritable Bowel Syndrome is still a clinical problem and new therapeutic strategies continue to be investigated. In the present study, the efficacy of a pomegranate decoction and of its polysaccharide and ellagitannin components in preventing the development of colitis-induced abdominal pain in rats was evaluated. After colitis induction by 2,4-dinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (DNBS), the pomegranate decoction (300 mg kg-1), polysaccharides (300 mg kg-1), and ellagitannins (45 mg kg-1) were orally administered for 14 days. Repeated treatment with decoction reduced visceral hypersensitivity in the colitic animals both at 7 and 14 days. Similar efficacy was shown by polysaccharides, but with lower potency. Ellagitannins administered at dose equivalent to decoction content showed higher efficacy in reducing the development of visceral pain. Macroscopic and microscopic evaluations performed on the colon 14 days after the damage showed that all three preparations reduced the overall amount of mast cells, the number of degranulated mast cells, and the density of collagen fibers in the mucosal stroma. Although ellagitannins seem to be responsible for most of the beneficial effects of pomegranate on DNBS-induced colitis, the polysaccharides support and enhance its effect. Therefore, pomegranate mesocarp preparations could represent a complementary approach to conventional therapies for promoting abdominal pain relief.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Parisio
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health-NEUROFARBA-Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy; (C.P.); (E.L.); (L.M.); (A.T.); (C.G.)
| | - Elena Lucarini
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health-NEUROFARBA-Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy; (C.P.); (E.L.); (L.M.); (A.T.); (C.G.)
| | - Laura Micheli
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health-NEUROFARBA-Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy; (C.P.); (E.L.); (L.M.); (A.T.); (C.G.)
| | - Alessandra Toti
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health-NEUROFARBA-Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy; (C.P.); (E.L.); (L.M.); (A.T.); (C.G.)
| | - Mohamad Khatib
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health-NEUROFARBA-Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Division, University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Florence, Italy; (M.K.); (N.M.)
| | - Nadia Mulinacci
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health-NEUROFARBA-Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Division, University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Florence, Italy; (M.K.); (N.M.)
| | - Laura Calosi
- Department of Experimental & Clinical Medicine, Section of Anatomy & Histology & Research Unit of Histology & Embryology, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy; (L.C.); (D.B.)
| | - Daniele Bani
- Department of Experimental & Clinical Medicine, Section of Anatomy & Histology & Research Unit of Histology & Embryology, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy; (L.C.); (D.B.)
| | - Lorenzo Di Cesare Mannelli
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health-NEUROFARBA-Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy; (C.P.); (E.L.); (L.M.); (A.T.); (C.G.)
| | - Carla Ghelardini
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health-NEUROFARBA-Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy; (C.P.); (E.L.); (L.M.); (A.T.); (C.G.)
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DESSEVA I, MIHAYLOVA D. Influence of in vitro gastrointestinal digestion on phytochemicals in pomegranate juice. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.07219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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45
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Prediction of Phytochemical Composition, In Vitro Antioxidant Activity and Individual Phenolic Compounds of Common Beans Using MIR and NIR Spectroscopy. FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11947-020-02457-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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46
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Pirzadeh M, Caporaso N, Rauf A, Shariati MA, Yessimbekov Z, Khan MU, Imran M, Mubarak MS. Pomegranate as a source of bioactive constituents: a review on their characterization, properties and applications. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 61:982-999. [PMID: 32314615 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1749825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Increasing awareness about the use of compounds obtained from natural sources exerting health-beneficial properties, including antimicrobial and antioxidant effects, led to increased number of research papers focusing on the study of functional properties of target compounds to be used as functional foods or in preventive medicine. Pomegranate has shown positive health properties due to the presence of bioactive constituents such as polyphenols, tannins, and anthocyanins. Punicalagin is the major antioxidant, abundantly found in pomegranate's peel. Research has shown that pomegranate polyphenols not only have a strong antioxidant capacity but they also inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria like V. cholera, P. aeruginosa and S. aureus, B. cereus, E. coli, and S. virulence factor, and inhibits fungi such as A. Ochraceus, and P. citrinum. Compounds of natural origin inhibit the growth of various pathogens by extending the shelf life of foodstuffs and assuring their safety. Therefore, the need to find compounds to be used in combination with antibiotics or as new antimicrobial sources, such as plant extracts. On the basis of the above discussion, this review focuses on the health benefits of pomegranate, by summarizing the current body of research focusing on pomegranate bioactive constituents and their therapeutic potential against some pathogenic microbes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Pirzadeh
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Sarvestan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sarvestan, Iran
| | - Nicola Caporaso
- Department of Food Science, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Leicestershire, UK.,Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Portici, NA, Italy
| | - Abdur Rauf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Swabi, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad Ali Shariati
- Laboratory of Biocontrol and Antimicrobial Resistance, Orel State, University Named After I.S. Turgenev, Orel, Russia.,Department of Technology of Food Products, K.G. Razumovsky Moscow State University of Technologies and Management (the First Cossack University), Moscow, Russian Federation.,Kazakh Research Institute of Processing and Food Industry (Semey Branch), Semey, Kazakhstan
| | - Zhanibek Yessimbekov
- Food Engineering Department, Shakarim State University of Semey, Semey, Kazakhstan
| | - Muhammad Usman Khan
- Bioproducts Sciences and Engineering Laboratory (BSEL), Washington State University, Richland, WA, USA.,Department of Energy Systems Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Imran
- University Institute of Diet and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
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Leal C, Santos RA, Pinto R, Queiroz M, Rodrigues M, José Saavedra M, Barros A, Gouvinhas I. Recovery of bioactive compounds from white grape ( Vitis vinifera L.) stems as potential antimicrobial agents for human health. Saudi J Biol Sci 2020; 27:1009-1015. [PMID: 32256161 PMCID: PMC7105666 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The grape is a matrix rich in bioactive compounds and its production generates large quantities of by-products, such as grape stems, which, to date, present low commercial value. However, there is a growing interest in the application of this material as a source of phenolic compounds. Therefore, the present study aims at assessing the phytochemical profile of (poly)phenolic extracts of white Portuguese grape stem varieties produced in the Região Demarcada do Douro (Portugal). The antioxidant activity determined by several assays, as well as the antimicrobial activity using the disc diffusion method against human gastrointestinal pathogenic bacteria of the hydromethanolic extracts, were evaluated. This work presents very positive results as the rich composition in phenolic compounds (94.71–123.09 mg GA−1 and 0.02–73.79 mg g−1 for the total phenol content and for individual phenolics, respectively) presented by grape stems can explain the high antioxidant (0.37–1.17 mmol Trolox g−1) and antimicrobial activities against, essentially, Gram-positive bacteria, and in some cases with higher efficacy than commercial antibiotics. Thus, demonstrating that this wine by-product should deserve greater attention from the pharmaceutical industries due to its excellent biological properties and characteristics not yet applied.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Irene Gouvinhas
- Corresponding author at: Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, (CITAB-UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal.
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Carbas B, Machado N, Oppolzer D, Ferreira L, Queiroz M, Brites C, Rosa EAS, Barros AIRNA. Nutrients, Antinutrients, Phenolic Composition, and Antioxidant Activity of Common Bean Cultivars and their Potential for Food Applications. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9020186. [PMID: 32102193 PMCID: PMC7070695 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9020186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Phaseolus vulgaris L. is the most commonly consumed legume in the world, given its high vegetable protein content, phenolic compounds, and antioxidant properties. It also represents one of the most sustainable, low-carbon and sources of food available at present to man. This study aims to identify the nutrients, antinutrients, phenolic composition, and antioxidant profile of 10 common bean cultivars (Arikara yellow, butter, cranberry, red kidney, navy, pinto, black, brown eyed, pink eyed, and tarrestre) from two harvest years, thereby assessing the potential of each cultivar for specific applications in the food industry. Navy and pink eyed beans showed higher potential for enrichment of foodstuffs and gluten-free products due to their higher protein and amino acid contents. Additionally, red kidney, cranberry and Arikara yellow beans had the highest content of phenolic compounds and antioxidant properties, which can act as functional ingredients in food products, thus bringing health benefits. Our study highlights the potential of using specific bean cultivars in the development of nutrient-enriched food and as functional ingredients in diets designed for disease prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Carbas
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD-CITAB), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (N.M.); (D.O.); (L.F.); (M.Q.); (A.I.B.)
- Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária, I.P. (INIAV), Av. da República, Quinta do Marquês, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal;
- Correspondence:
| | - Nelson Machado
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD-CITAB), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (N.M.); (D.O.); (L.F.); (M.Q.); (A.I.B.)
| | - David Oppolzer
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD-CITAB), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (N.M.); (D.O.); (L.F.); (M.Q.); (A.I.B.)
| | - Luís Ferreira
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD-CITAB), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (N.M.); (D.O.); (L.F.); (M.Q.); (A.I.B.)
| | - Marcelo Queiroz
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD-CITAB), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (N.M.); (D.O.); (L.F.); (M.Q.); (A.I.B.)
| | - Carla Brites
- Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária, I.P. (INIAV), Av. da República, Quinta do Marquês, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal;
- GREEN-IT, ITQB NOVA, Av. da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Eduardo AS Rosa
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD-CITAB), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (N.M.); (D.O.); (L.F.); (M.Q.); (A.I.B.)
| | - Ana IRNA Barros
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD-CITAB), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (N.M.); (D.O.); (L.F.); (M.Q.); (A.I.B.)
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Akpoveso OO, Tumbas-Šaponjac V, Oyeniran O, Desančić J, Četojević-Simin D. Antioxidant activity and enhanced cytotoxicity of aqueous Mucuna pruriens L. leaf extract by doxorubicin on different human cancer cell lines. Pharmacogn Mag 2020. [DOI: 10.4103/pm.pm_413_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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50
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Kumar D, Ladaniya MS, Gurjar M, Mendke S, Kumar S. Osmotic membrane distillation for retention of antioxidant potential in Nagpur mandarin (
Citrus reticulata
Blanco) fruit juice concentrate. J FOOD PROCESS ENG 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpe.13096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh Kumar
- ICAR‐Central Citrus Research Institute Nagpur Maharashtra India
| | | | - Manju Gurjar
- ICAR‐Central Citrus Research Institute Nagpur Maharashtra India
| | - Sachin Mendke
- ICAR‐Central Citrus Research Institute Nagpur Maharashtra India
| | - Sunil Kumar
- ICAR‐Central Citrus Research Institute Nagpur Maharashtra India
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