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Tian F, Woo SY, Lee SY, Park SB, Zheng Y, Chun HS. Antifungal Activity of Essential Oil and Plant-Derived Natural Compounds against Aspergillus flavus. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11121727. [PMID: 36551384 PMCID: PMC9774910 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11121727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Aspergillus flavus is a facultative parasite that contaminates several important food crops at both the pre- and post-harvest stages. Moreover, it is an opportunistic animal and human pathogen that causes aspergillosis diseases. A. flavus also produces the polyketide-derived carcinogenic and mutagenic secondary metabolite aflatoxin, which negatively impacts global food security and threatens human and livestock health. Recently, plant-derived natural compounds and essential oils (EOs) have shown great potential in combatting A. flavus spoilage and aflatoxin contamination. In this review, the in situ antifungal and antiaflatoxigenic properties of EOs are discussed. The mechanisms through which EOs affect A. flavus growth and aflatoxin biosynthesis are then reviewed. Indeed, several involve physical, chemical, or biochemical changes to the cell wall, cell membrane, mitochondria, and related metabolic enzymes and genes. Finally, the future perspectives towards the application of plant-derived natural compounds and EOs in food protection and novel antifungal agent development are discussed. The present review highlights the great potential of plant-derived natural compounds and EOs to protect agricultural commodities and food items from A. flavus spoilage and aflatoxin contamination, along with reducing the threat of aspergillosis diseases.
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Jiang Y, Li J, Ding M, Guo ZF, Yang H, Li HJ, Gao W, Li P. Comprehensive chemical profiling of volatile constituents of Angong Niuhuang Pill in vitro and in vivo based on gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Chin Med 2022; 17:105. [PMID: 36088339 PMCID: PMC9464384 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-022-00659-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Angong Niuhuang Pill (ANP), a renowned precious traditional Chinese medicine prescription, is extensively utilized for the clinical treatment of stroke, meningitis and encephalorrhagia in China. As a classic resuscitation-inducing aromatic prescription, ANP has been investigated for its pharmacological effects in recent years, while the volatile composition in ANP still lacks comprehensive elucidation.
Method
To better explore the volatile constituents in ANP, a qualitative analysis method was developed based on gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Furthermore, a validated quantitative method was established to determine 21 main compounds in 8 batches of commercially available ANP samples by gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The quantitative data were successively subjected to Pearson correlation coefficient analysis. Additionally, the absorbed volatile constituents in rat plasma after single oral administration of ANP have also been characterized.
Results
A total of 93 volatile constituents including 29 sesquiterpenoids, 28 monoterpenoids, 13 fatty acids and their esters, 7 alkanes, 6 ketones, 3 phenols, 3 aldehydes, 2 benzoate esters, and 2 other types, were preliminarily characterized, which primarily originated from Borneolum, Moschus, Curcumae Radix, and Gardeniae Fructus. d-Borneol, isoborneol and muscone were the top three abundant ingredients (> 600 μg/g) in 8 batches of ANP samples. Subsequently, the average Pearson correlation coefficient of the contents of 21 analytes was 0.993, inferring the high batch-to-batch similarity among 8 batches. After oral administration of ANP, d-borneol, isoborneol, muscone and camphor were the main volatile constituents absorbed in the rat plasma.
Conclusion
This research may be helpful for the comprehensive quality control study of ANP, and provide for guarantee the clinical efficacy of ANP.
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Tang GM, Shi YT, Gao W, Li MN, Li P, Yang H. Comparative Analysis of Volatile Constituents in Root Tuber and Rhizome of Curcuma longa L. Using Fingerprints and Chemometrics Approaches on Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27103196. [PMID: 35630672 PMCID: PMC9145967 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27103196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The root tuber and rhizome of Curcuma longa L., abbreviated, respectively, as RCL and RHCL, are used as different medicines in China. In this work, volatile oils were extracted from RCL and RHCL. Then, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used for RCL and RHCL volatile oils analysis, and 45 compounds were identified. The dominant constituents both in volatile oils of RCL and RHCL were turmerone, (-)-zingiberene, and β-turmerone, which covered more than 60% of the total area. The chromatographic fingerprint similarities between RCL and RHCL were not less than 0.943, indicating that their main chemical compositions were similar. However, there were also some compounds that were varied in RCL and RHCL. Based on the peak area ratio of 45 compounds, the RCL and RHCL samples were separated into principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). Then, 20 compounds with a variable importance for the projection (VIP) value of more than 1 were the high potential contributors for RCL and RHCL differences. Furthermore, ferric ion-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay results demonstrated that the volatile oils of RCL and RHCL had antioxidant activities. This study provided the material basis for the research of volatile components in RCL and RHCL and contributed to their further pharmacological research and quality control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Mei Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China; (G.-M.T.); (Y.-T.S.); (W.G.); (M.-N.L.)
| | - Yi-Ting Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China; (G.-M.T.); (Y.-T.S.); (W.G.); (M.-N.L.)
| | - Wen Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China; (G.-M.T.); (Y.-T.S.); (W.G.); (M.-N.L.)
- State Key Laboratory Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Meng-Ning Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China; (G.-M.T.); (Y.-T.S.); (W.G.); (M.-N.L.)
| | - Ping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China; (G.-M.T.); (Y.-T.S.); (W.G.); (M.-N.L.)
- Correspondence: (P.L.); (H.Y.)
| | - Hua Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China; (G.-M.T.); (Y.-T.S.); (W.G.); (M.-N.L.)
- State Key Laboratory Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
- Correspondence: (P.L.); (H.Y.)
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Rastgou M, Rezaee Danesh Y, Ercisli S, Sayyed RZ, El Enshasy HA, Dailin DJ, Alfarraj S, Ansari MJ. The Effect of Some Wild Grown Plant Extracts and Essential Oils on Pectobacterium betavasculorum: The Causative Agent of Bacterial Soft Rot and Vascular Wilt of Sugar Beet. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:1155. [PMID: 35567156 PMCID: PMC9104036 DOI: 10.3390/plants11091155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The bacterial soft rot and vascular wilt of sugar beet are the major diseases of sugar crops globally induced by Pectobacterium betavasculorum and P. carotovorum subsp. carotovorum (Pcc). The control of this bacterial disease is a severe problem, and only a few copper-based chemical bactericides are available for this disease. Because of the limitations of chemicals to control plant bacterial pathogens, the essential oils and extracts have been considered one of the best alternative strategies for their control. In this study, twenty-seven essential oils and twenty-nine plant extracts were extracted and evaluated for their antibacterial activities against Pectobacterium betavasculorum isolate C3, using the agar diffusion method at 0.01%, 0.1%, and 100% (v/v). Pure Pimpinella anisum L. oil exhibited the most anti-bacterial activity among three different concentrations of essential oils and extracts, followed by Thymus vulgaris L. oil and Rosa multiflora Thunb. extract. The efficacy of effective essential oils and extracts on Ic1 cultivar of sugar beet seeds germination and seedling growth in vivo also were tested. The seed germination of the Ic1 cultivar was inhibited at all the concentrations of essential oils used. Only extracts of Rosa multiflora Thunb., Brassica oleracea L., Lactuca serriola L., Salvia rosmarinus Spenn., Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr. and L.M.Perry, Eucalyptus globulus Labill., and essential oils of Ocmium basilicum L., Pimpinella anisum L., and Mentha× piperita L.L. in 0.1% concentration had no inhibition on seed germination and could improve seedling growth. This is the first report of the antibacterial activity of essential oils and extracts on Pectobacterium betavasculorum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Rastgou
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia 5756151818, Iran;
| | - Younes Rezaee Danesh
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia 5756151818, Iran;
| | - Sezai Ercisli
- Department of Horticulture, Agricultural Faculty, Ataturk University, Erzurum 25240, Turkey;
| | - R. Z. Sayyed
- Department of Entomology, Asian PGPR Society for Sustainable Agriculture, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36830, USA;
- Department of Microbiology, PSGVP Mandal’s Shri S I Patil Arts, G B Patel Science and STKVS Commerce College, Shahada 425409, India
| | - Hesham Ali El Enshasy
- Institute of Bioproduct Development (IBD), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Johor 81310, Malaysia; (H.A.E.E.); (D.J.D.)
- School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Johor 81310, Malaysia
- City of Scientific Research and Technology Applications (SRTA), New Borg Al Arab 21934, Egypt
| | - Daniel Joe Dailin
- Institute of Bioproduct Development (IBD), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Johor 81310, Malaysia; (H.A.E.E.); (D.J.D.)
- School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Johor 81310, Malaysia
| | - Saleh Alfarraj
- Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohammad Javed Ansari
- Department of Botany, Hindu College, Mahatma Jyotiba Phule Rohilkhand University Bareilly, Moradabad 244001, India;
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JUNG EP, ALVES RC, ROCHA WFDC, MONTEIRO SDS, RIBEIRO LDO, MOREIRA RFA. Chemical profile of the volatile fraction of Bauhinia forficata leaves: an evaluation of commercial and in natura samples. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.34122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eliane Przytyk JUNG
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia, Brasil; Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
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Wang L, Li X, Wang Y, Ren X, Liu X, Dong Y, Ma J, Song R, Wei J, Yu AX, Fan Q, Shan D, Yao J, She G. Rapid discrimination and screening of volatile markers for varietal recognition of Curcumae Radix using ATR-FTIR and HS-GC-MS combined with chemometrics. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 280:114422. [PMID: 34274441 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Revised: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Curcumae Radix (Yujin) has a long medicinal use history in China, which is used to cure diseases like jaundice, cholelithiasis caused by dampness-heat of gallbladder and liver, and so on. It comes from the dried tuberous roots of C. kwangsiensis (Guiyujin), C. longa (Huangyujin), C. phaeocaulis (Lvyujin) and C. wenyujin (Wenyujin). Though there are differences in chemical compositions and pharmacological activities among the four species of Yujin, they have not been differentiated well in clinical application due to their similar morphological characterizations. AIM OF THE STUDY In this study, the four species of Yujin were rapidly and accurately discriminated. The potential volatile markers for varietal recognition were identified. MATERIALS AND METHODS Attenuated total reflection fourier transformed infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy combined with chemometrics was used to rapidly discriminate the four species of Yujin. Headspace-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-GC-MS) technology coupled with chemometrics was employed to characterize volatile profiling, differentiate species and select potential markers for varietal recognition of Yujin. RESULTS By applying PCA (principal components analysis) and HCA (hierarchical cluster analysis), HS-GC-MS realized complete differentiation of the four species of Yujin, while ATR-FTIR only recognized Guiyuijin. Back propagation neural network (BP-NN), KNN (K-nearest neighbor) and LDA (linear discriminant analysis) models based on spectral data achieved 100% discriminant accuracies. Support vector machines (SVM), KNN and PLS-DA (partial least square discriminant analysis) models based on volatile compounds also realized 100% discriminant accuracies. Additionally, the potential volatile markers for varietal recognition of Yujin were screened using PLS-DA, including 2 for Guiyujin, 6 for Lvyujin, 9 for Wenyujin and 13 for Huangyujin. CONCLUSIONS The present study developed reliable methods for the varietal discrimination and volatile compounds characterization of Yujin, which will provide references for its quality control and clinical efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Fangshan District, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, China; School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, 27 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Beijing, China.
| | - Xiang Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Fangshan District, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, China.
| | - Yu Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Fangshan District, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, China.
| | - Xueyang Ren
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Fangshan District, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, China.
| | - Xiaoyun Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Fangshan District, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, China.
| | - Ying Dong
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Fangshan District, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, China.
| | - Jiamu Ma
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Fangshan District, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, China.
| | - Ruolan Song
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Fangshan District, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, China.
| | - Jing Wei
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Fangshan District, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, China.
| | - AXiang Yu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Fangshan District, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, China.
| | - Qiqi Fan
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Fangshan District, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, China.
| | - Dongjie Shan
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Fangshan District, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, China.
| | - Jianling Yao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Fangshan District, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, China.
| | - Gaimei She
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Fangshan District, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, China.
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Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Compounds Emitted by Pepper Yellow Leaf Curl Virus-Infected Chili Plants: A Preliminary Study. SEPARATIONS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/separations8090136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pepper yellow leaf curl virus (PYLCV) is a threat to chili plants and can significantly reduce yields. This study aimed as a pilot project to detect PYLCV by analyzing compounds emitted by chili plants using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The samples investigated in this research were PYLCV-infected and PYLCV-undetected chili plants taken from commercial chili fields. The infection status was validated by using a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test. A headspace technique was used to extract the volatile organic compounds emitted by plants. The analysis of GC-MS results began with pre-processing, analyzing sample compound variability with a boxplot analysis, and sample classification by using a multivariate technique. Unsupervised multivariate technique principal component analysis (PCA) was performed to discover whether GC-MS could identify PYLCV-infected or not. The results showed that PYLCV-infected and PYLCV-undetected chili plants could be differentiated, with a total percent variance of the first three principal components reaching 91.32%, and successfully discriminated between PYLCV-infected and PYLCV-undetected chili plants. However, more comprehensive studies are needed to find the potential biomarkers of the infected plants.
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Comparison of Essential Oils of Houttuynia cordata Thunb. from Different Processing Methods and Harvest Seasons Based on GC-MS and Chemometric Analysis. Int J Anal Chem 2021; 2021:8324169. [PMID: 34326877 PMCID: PMC8310445 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8324169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Houttuyniae Herba (HH) refers to the dried aerial part of Houttuynia cordata Thunb. (DHC) or the fresh whole grass of Houttuynia cordata Thunb. (FHC), where DHC are harvested in summer and FHC around the year. However, harvest seasons and processing methods (i.e., medicinal parts and drying process) might affect the quality of HH. To compare the essential oils (EOs) of DHC and FHC and their two harvest seasons, GC-MS analysis combined with chemometric analysis was applied. The results showed that the oil yield of FHC (0.076 ± 0.030%) was higher than that of DHC (0.038 ± 0.029%), and oil yield was higher in summer than in autumn (0.044 ± 0.029% for DHC1, 0.036 ± 0.028% for DHC2, 0.084 ± 0.026% for FHC1, and 0.067 ± 0.033% for FHC2, respectively). Moreover, hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA) successfully distinguished the chemical constituents of DHC and FHC oils. Additionally, according to orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA), eleven components were selected as chemical markers for discriminating DHC and FHC, and two and four chemical markers for discriminating two harvest seasons of DHC and FHC, respectively. Among these markers, the average contents of α-pinene, limonene, β-phellandrene, α-terpineol, 4-tridecanone, and ethyl decanoate were higher in FHC oils. In contrast, the average contents of nonanal, 1-nonanol, β-cyclocitral, n-hexadecanoic acid, and octadecanol were higher in DHC oils. Additionally, the contents of 4-tridecanone and ethyl decanoate were both higher in DHC1 oils than in DHC2 oils. Moreover, the contents of β-myrcene and β-phellandrene were higher in FHC1 oils, while the contents of 2,6-octadien-1-ol, 3,7-dimethyl-, acetate, and (z)-phytol were higher in FHC2 oils. For these reasons, this study provides a scientific basis for quality control and clinical medication.
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Lebanov L, Ghiasvand A, Paull B. Data handling and data analysis in metabolomic studies of essential oils using GC-MS. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1640:461896. [PMID: 33548825 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.461896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Gas chromatography electron impact ionization mass spectrometry (GC-EI-MS) has been, and remains, the most widely applied analytical technique for metabolomic studies of essential oils. GC-EI-MS analysis of complex samples, such as essential oils, creates a large volume of data. Creating predictive models for such samples and observing patterns within complex data sets presents a significant challenge and requires application of robust data handling and data analysis methods. Accordingly, a wide variety of software and algorithms has been investigated and developed for this purpose over the years. This review provides an overview and summary of that research effort, and attempts to classify and compare different data handling and data analysis procedures that have been reported to-date in the metabolomic study of essential oils using GC-EI-MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leo Lebanov
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science (ACROSS), School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia; ARC Industrial Transformation Research Hub for Processing Advanced Lignocellulosics (PALS), School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia.
| | - Alireza Ghiasvand
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science (ACROSS), School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia.
| | - Brett Paull
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science (ACROSS), School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia; ARC Industrial Transformation Research Hub for Processing Advanced Lignocellulosics (PALS), School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia.
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10
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Huang Y, Wang T, Yin G, Wang J, Jiang K, Tu J. High-performance liquid chromatography-based fingerprint analysis with chemical pattern recognition for evaluation of Mahonia bealei (Fort.) Carr. J Sep Sci 2020; 43:3625-3635. [PMID: 32700401 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201901219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
A simple and efficient high-performance liquid chromatography method combined with chemical pattern recognition was established for quality evaluation of Mahonia bealei (Fort.) Carr. A common pattern of 30 characteristic peaks was applied for similarity analysis, hierarchical cluster analysis, principal component analysis, and partial least squares discriminant analysis in the 37 batches of M. bealei (Fort.) Carr. to discriminate wild M. bealei (Fort.) Carr., cultivated M. bealei (Fort.) Carr., and its substitutes. The results showed that partial least squares discriminant analysis was the most effective method for discrimination. Eight characteristics peaks with higher variable importance in projection values were selected for pattern recognition model. A permutation test and 26 batches of testing set samples were performed to validate the model that was successfully established. All of the training and testing set samples were correctly classified into three clusters (wild M. bealei (Fort.) Carr., cultivated M. bealei (Fort.) Carr., and its substitutes) based on the selected chemical markers. Moreover, 26 batches of unknown samples were used to predict the accuracy of the established model with a discrimination accuracy of 100%. The obtained results indicated that the method showed great potential application for accurate evaluation and prediction of the quality of M. bealei (Fort.) Carr.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Huang
- Shenzhen Institute for Drug Control, Shenzhen, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Tiejie Wang
- Shenzhen Institute for Drug Control, Shenzhen, P. R. China.,Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Standard Research, Shenzhen, P. R. China
| | - Guo Yin
- Shenzhen Institute for Drug Control, Shenzhen, P. R. China.,Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Standard Research, Shenzhen, P. R. China
| | - Jue Wang
- Shenzhen Institute for Drug Control, Shenzhen, P. R. China.,Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Standard Research, Shenzhen, P. R. China
| | - Kun Jiang
- Shenzhen Institute for Drug Control, Shenzhen, P. R. China.,Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Standard Research, Shenzhen, P. R. China
| | - Jiasheng Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, P. R. China
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11
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Xu LL, Shang ZP, Lu YY, Li P, Sun L, Guo QL, Bo T, Le ZY, Bai ZL, Zhang XL, Qiao X, Ye M. Analysis of curcuminoids and volatile components in 160 batches of turmeric samples in China by high-performance liquid chromatography and gas chromatography mass spectrometry. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2020; 188:113465. [PMID: 32683284 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2020.113465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) is a popular herbal medicine worldwide. Curcuminoids and volatile constituents are its major bioactive components. To improve the quality control of turmeric, we determined the contents of three main curcuminoids in 160 batches of turmeric samples collected from five major production areas of China by HPLC, and analyzed the volatile components by GC/MS. The results indicated that samples with red cross sections (2.75 ± 0.82 mg/g) contained significantly higher amounts of curcuminoids than samples with yellow sections (1.23 ± 0.60 mg/g) (p < 0.001). This result was consistent with empirical standard of TCM pharmacists. The contents of curcuminoids in samples from Hainan (4.51±0.25%), Guizhou (3.17±0.41%), and Sichuan (2.25±0.54%) were relatively high and consistent. Moreover, the GC/MS profiles of turmeric may be affected by storage and processing. This study sets a good example for comprehensive quality control of herbal medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu-Lu Xu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China; State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zhan-Peng Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ying-Ying Lu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China; State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Pi Li
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, Customer Solution Center, Building A, Qiming Plaza, No.101, Wangjing Lize Middle Street, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Long Sun
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, Customer Solution Center, Building A, Qiming Plaza, No.101, Wangjing Lize Middle Street, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Qi-Lei Guo
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, Customer Solution Center, Building A, Qiming Plaza, No.101, Wangjing Lize Middle Street, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Tao Bo
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, Customer Solution Center, Building A, Qiming Plaza, No.101, Wangjing Lize Middle Street, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Zhi-Yong Le
- Kangmei Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Liushajieshen Road, Puning City, Guangdong, Guangzhou 515300, China
| | - Zong-Li Bai
- Kangmei Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Liushajieshen Road, Puning City, Guangdong, Guangzhou 515300, China
| | - Xiao-Li Zhang
- Meikang Chinese Medicine Co., Ltd., No.18 Guangmingzhongjie, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100061, China
| | - Xue Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Min Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China.
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Verification of Chromatographic Profile of Primary Essential Oil of Pinus sylvestris L. Combined with Chemometric Analysis. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25132973. [PMID: 32605289 PMCID: PMC7411901 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25132973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Chromatographic profiles of primary essential oils (EO) deliver valuable authentic information about composition and compound pattern. Primary EOs obtained from Pinus sylvestris L. (PS) from different global origins were analyzed using gas chromatography coupled to a flame ionization detector (GC-FID) and identified by GC hyphenated to mass spectrometer (GC-MS). A primary EO of PS was characterized by a distinct sesquiterpene pattern followed by a diterpene profile containing diterpenoids of the labdane, pimarane or abietane type. Based on their sesquiterpene compound patterns, primary EOs of PS were separated into their geographical origin using component analysis. Furthermore, differentiation of closely related pine EOs by partial least square discriminant analysis proved the existence of a primary EO of PS. The developed and validated PLS-DA model is suitable as a screening tool to assess the correct chemotaxonomic identification of a primary pine EOs as it classified all pine EOs correctly.
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Meng Z, Huang Y, Wang L, Jiang K, Guo L, Wang J, Yin G, Wang T. Quality evaluation of
Panax notoginseng
using high‐performance liquid chromatography with chemical pattern recognition. SEPARATION SCIENCE PLUS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/sscp.202000001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Meng
- Shenzhen Institute for drug control Shenzhen P. R. China
- School of pharmacyShenyang Pharmaceutical University Shenyang P. R. China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Standard Research Shenzhen P. R. China
| | - Yang Huang
- Shenzhen Institute for drug control Shenzhen P. R. China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Standard Research Shenzhen P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural MedicinesDepartment of PharmaceuticsChina Pharmaceutical University Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Lijun Wang
- Shenzhen Institute for drug control Shenzhen P. R. China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Standard Research Shenzhen P. R. China
| | - Kun Jiang
- Shenzhen Institute for drug control Shenzhen P. R. China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Standard Research Shenzhen P. R. China
| | - Linxiu Guo
- Shenzhen Institute for drug control Shenzhen P. R. China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Standard Research Shenzhen P. R. China
| | - Jue Wang
- Shenzhen Institute for drug control Shenzhen P. R. China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Standard Research Shenzhen P. R. China
| | - Guo Yin
- Shenzhen Institute for drug control Shenzhen P. R. China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Standard Research Shenzhen P. R. China
| | - Tiejie Wang
- Shenzhen Institute for drug control Shenzhen P. R. China
- School of pharmacyShenyang Pharmaceutical University Shenyang P. R. China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Standard Research Shenzhen P. R. China
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Rawat S, Bhatt ID, Rawal R. Variation in essential oil composition in rhizomes of natural populations of Hedychium spicatum in different environmental condition and habitats. JOURNAL OF ESSENTIAL OIL RESEARCH 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/10412905.2020.1750497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Rawat
- Centre for Biodiversity Conservation and Management, G. B. Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment , Almora, India
- Sikkim Regional Centre, G. B. Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment , Gangtok, India
| | - Indra D. Bhatt
- Centre for Biodiversity Conservation and Management, G. B. Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment , Almora, India
| | - R.S. Rawal
- Centre for Biodiversity Conservation and Management, G. B. Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment , Almora, India
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15
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Loi M, Paciolla C, Logrieco AF, Mulè G. Plant Bioactive Compounds in Pre- and Postharvest Management for Aflatoxins Reduction. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:243. [PMID: 32226415 PMCID: PMC7080658 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aflatoxins (AFs) are secondary metabolites produced by Aspergillus spp., known for their hepatotoxic, carcinogenic, and mutagenic activity in humans and animals. AF contamination of staple food commodities is a global concern due to their toxicity and the economic losses they cause. Different strategies have been applied to reduce fungal contamination and AF production. Among them, the use of natural, plant-derived compounds is emerging as a promising strategy to be applied to control both Aspergillus spoilage and AF contamination in food and feed commodities in an integrated pre- and postharvest management. In particular, phenols, aldehydes, and terpenes extracted from medicinal plants, spices, or fruits have been studied in depth. They can be easily extracted, they are generally recognized as safe (GRAS), and they are food-grade and act through a wide variety of mechanisms. This review investigated the main compounds with antifungal and anti-aflatoxigenic activity, also elucidating their physiological role and the different modes of action and synergies. Plant bioactive compounds are shown to be effective in modulating Aspergillus spp. contamination and AF production both in vitro and in vivo. Therefore, their application in pre- and postharvest management could represent an important tool to control aflatoxigenic fungi and to reduce AF contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Loi
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production, Italian National Research Council, Bari, Italy
| | | | - Antonio F. Logrieco
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production, Italian National Research Council, Bari, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Mulè
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production, Italian National Research Council, Bari, Italy
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16
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Liu X, Zhang Y, Wu M, Ma Z, Cao H. Color discrimination and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry fingerprint based on chemometrics analysis for the quality evaluation of Schizonepetae Spica. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0227235. [PMID: 31910241 PMCID: PMC6946158 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0227235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Schizonepetae Spica (SS), the dried spike of Schizonepeta tenuifolia Briq., is a traditional Chinese medicinal herb. According to the color of persistent calyx, SS is categorized into two classes: the yellowish-green-type and the brownish-type. Based on the chemometrics analysis of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), a novel model of identifying and evaluating the quality of SS in different colors was constructed for the first time in this work. 20 batches SS samples of different colors were collected and used to extract essential oils. The average essential oils yield of SS in yellowish-green color was significantly higher than that of SS in brownish color from the same origin (p<0.05). The GC-MS fingerprints of 20 batches SS samples whose correlation coefficients were over 0.964 demonstrated SS samples were consistent to some extent in spite of slightly different chemical indexes. A total of 39 common volatiles compounds were identified. Hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA), principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least-squares discriminate analysis (PLS-DA) were developed to distinguish SS samples characterized by different colors. Consistent results were obtained to show that SS samples could be successfully grouped according to their color. Finally, 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-3,6-dimethyl-benzofuran and pulegone were detected as the key variables for discriminating SS samples of different colors and for quality control. The obtained results proved that SS of good quality were often yellowish-green and those of poor quality were often brownish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xindan Liu
- Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine of Lingnan, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine of Lingnan, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Menghua Wu
- Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine of Lingnan, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Zhiguo Ma
- Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine of Lingnan, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Hui Cao
- Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine of Lingnan, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, PR China
- * E-mail:
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Kharbach M, Marmouzi I, El Jemli M, Bouklouze A, Vander Heyden Y. Recent advances in untargeted and targeted approaches applied in herbal-extracts and essential-oils fingerprinting - A review. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2020; 177:112849. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2019.112849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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18
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Fahim M, Ibrahim M, Zahiruddin S, Parveen R, Khan W, Ahmad S, Shrivastava B, Shrivastava AK. TLC-bioautography identification and GC-MS analysis of antimicrobial and antioxidant active compounds in Musa × paradisiaca L. fruit pulp essential oil. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2019; 30:332-345. [PMID: 30609101 DOI: 10.1002/pca.2816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 12/01/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The absence of microbial growth and resistance to oxidative deterioration in fruits of Musa × paradisiaca L. (bananas) is an indication of the presence of antimicrobial and antioxidant metabolites. OBJECTIVE In order to investigate the secondary metabolomic spectrum as well as the active antimicrobial and antioxidants present in essential oils (EOs) from fruits of different geographical areas of M. × paradisiaca, gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) principal component data correlation analysis is complemented with antimicrobial assays and phytochemical and bioautographic antioxidant fingerprints with thin layer chromatography (TLC). METHODOLOGY An EO was obtained by steam distillation and subjected to GC-MS and TLC for metabolomic profiling from fruit pulp. The antimicrobial potential was tested in both Escherichia coli as a gram negative and Bacillus subtilis as a gram positive microbe. Potential antioxidant metabolites were identified through TLC-bioautography and GC-MS analysis of active zones. RESULTS A maximum of 0.56% v/w EO was isolated from fruit pulps of M. × paradisiaca. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) against B. subtillis and E. coli were 0.25 and 0.35 μg/mL, respectively. Thus, 56 metabolites were identified through GC-MS. The major abundant antimicrobial metabolites found in EOs are α-thujene, γ-terpinene, α- and β-pinene, sabinene, β-myrcene, limonene, α-capaene, caryophyllene and (Z,E)-α farnesene. Aceteugenol, palmitic acid, stearic acid, palmitin, and stearin were identified as antioxidant metabolites. Principal component analysis of metabolite data reveals correlations and a clear separation based on metabolites obtained from various areas. CONCLUSION The data generated using metabolic profiling and cluster analysis helped to identify antimicrobial and antioxidant compounds in M. × paradisiaca.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Fahim
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jaipur National University, Jaipur, India
| | - Mohammad Ibrahim
- Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Sultan Zahiruddin
- Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Rabea Parveen
- Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Washim Khan
- Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Sayeed Ahmad
- Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, New Delhi, India
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Ibáñez MD, Blázquez MA. Ginger and Turmeric Essential Oils for Weed Control and Food Crop Protection. PLANTS 2019; 8:plants8030059. [PMID: 30857365 PMCID: PMC6473496 DOI: 10.3390/plants8030059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Ginger and turmeric are two food ingredients that are in high demand due to their flavor and positive effects on health. The biological properties of these spices are closely related to the aromatic compounds they contain. The chemical compositions of their essential oils and their in vitro phytotoxic activity against weeds (Portulaca oleracea, Lolium multiflorum, Echinochloa crus-galli, Cortaderia selloana, and Nicotiana glauca) and food crops (tomato, cucumber, and rice) were studied. Forty-one compounds, accounting for a relative peak area of 87.7% and 94.6% of turmeric and ginger essential oils, respectively, were identified by Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry analysis. Ginger essential oil with α-zingiberene (24.9 ± 0.8%), β-sesquiphelladrene (11.7 ± 0.3%), ar-curcumene (10.7 ± 0.2%), and β-bisabolene (10.5 ± 0.3%) as the main compounds significantly inhibited the seed germination of P. oleracea, L. multiflorum, and C. selloana at the highest dose (1 µL/mL) assayed, as well as the hypocotyl and radicle growth of the weeds. Turmeric essential oil with ar-turmerone (38.7 ± 0.8%), β-turmerone (18.6 ± 0.6%), and α-turmerone (14.2 ± 0.9%) as principal components significantly inhibited the seed germination of C. selloana and hypocotyl and radicle growth of weeds (the latter in particular) at the highest dose, whereas it did not affect either the seed germination or seedling growth of the food crops. Turmeric essential oil can be an effective post-emergent bioherbicide against the tested weeds without phytotoxicity to crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Dolores Ibáñez
- Departament de Farmacologia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de València, Avd. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.
| | - María Amparo Blázquez
- Departament de Farmacologia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de València, Avd. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.
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Matsushita T, Zhao JJ, Igura N, Shimoda M. Authentication of commercial spices based on the similarities between gas chromatographic fingerprints. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2018; 98:2989-3000. [PMID: 29178169 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.8797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Revised: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A simple and solvent-free method was developed for the authentication of commercial spices. The similarities between gas chromatographic fingerprints were measured using similarity indices and multivariate data analyses, as morphological differentiation between dried powders and small spice particles was challenging. The volatile compounds present in 11 spices (i.e. allspice, anise, black pepper, caraway, clove, coriander, cumin, dill, fennel, star anise, and white pepper) were extracted by headspace solid-phase microextraction, and analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. RESULTS The largest 10 peaks were selected from each total ion chromatogram, and a total of 65 volatiles were tentatively identified. The similarity indices (i.e. the congruence coefficients) were calculated using the data matrices of the identified compound relative peak areas to differentiate between two sets of fingerprints. Where pairs of similar fingerprints produced high congruence coefficients (>0.80), distinctive volatile markers were employed to distinguish between these samples. In addition, hierarchical cluster analysis and principal component analysis were performed to visualise the similarity among fingerprints, and the analysed spices were grouped and characterised according to their distinctive major components. CONCLUSION This method is suitable for screening unknown spices, and can therefore be employed to evaluate the quality and authenticity of various spices. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takaya Matsushita
- Laboratory of Food Process Engineering, Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Japan
| | - Jing Jing Zhao
- Laboratory of Food Process Engineering, Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Igura
- Laboratory of Food Process Engineering, Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Japan
| | - Mitsuya Shimoda
- Laboratory of Food Process Engineering, Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Japan
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A powerful on line ABTS +-CE-DAD method to screen and quantify major antioxidants for quality control of Shuxuening Injection. Sci Rep 2018; 8:5441. [PMID: 29615669 PMCID: PMC5883040 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-23748-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel method of on-line 2,2'-Azinobis-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonate)-Capillary Electrophoresis-Diode Array Detector (on-line ABTS+-CE-DAD) was developed to screen the major antioxidants from complex herbal medicines. ABTS+, one of well-known oxygen free radicals was firstly integrated into the capillary. For simultaneously detecting and separating ABTS+ and chemical components of herb medicines, some conditions were optimized. The on-line ABTS+-CE-DAD method has successfully been used to screen the main antioxidants from Shuxuening injection (SI), an herbal medicines injection. Under the optimum conditions, nine ingredients of SI including clitorin, rutin, isoquercitrin, Quercetin-3-O-D-glucosyl]-(1-2)-L-rhamnoside, kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside, kaempferol-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, apigenin-7-O-Glucoside, quercetin-3-O-[2-O-(6-O-p-hydroxyl-E-coumaroyl)-D-glucosyl]-(1-2)-L-rhamnoside, 3-O-{2-O-[6-O-(p-hydroxyl-E-coumaroyl)-glucosyl]}-(1-2) rhamnosyl kaempfero were separated and identified as the major antioxidants. There is a linear relationship between the total amount of major antioxidants and total antioxidative activity of SI with a linear correlation coefficient of 0.9456. All the Relative standard deviations of recovery, precision and stability were below 7.5%. Based on these results, these nine ingredients could be selected as combinatorial markers to evaluate quality control of SI. It was concluded that on-line ABTS+-CE-DAD method was a simple, reliable and powerful tool to screen and quantify active ingredients for evaluating quality of herbal medicines.
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Yang YQ, Yin HX, Yuan HB, Jiang YW, Dong CW, Deng YL. Characterization of the volatile components in green tea by IRAE-HS-SPME/GC-MS combined with multivariate analysis. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0193393. [PMID: 29494626 PMCID: PMC5832268 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0193393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 02/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present work, a novel infrared-assisted extraction coupled to headspace solid-phase microextraction (IRAE-HS-SPME) followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was developed for rapid determination of the volatile components in green tea. The extraction parameters such as fiber type, sample amount, infrared power, extraction time, and infrared lamp distance were optimized by orthogonal experimental design. Under optimum conditions, a total of 82 volatile compounds in 21 green tea samples from different geographical origins were identified. Compared with classical water-bath heating, the proposed technique has remarkable advantages of considerably reducing the analytical time and high efficiency. In addition, an effective classification of green teas based on their volatile profiles was achieved by partial least square-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) and hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA). Furthermore, the application of a dual criterion based on the variable importance in the projection (VIP) values of the PLS-DA models and on the category from one-way univariate analysis (ANOVA) allowed the identification of 12 potential volatile markers, which were considered to make the most important contribution to the discrimination of the samples. The results suggest that IRAE-HS-SPME/GC-MS technique combined with multivariate analysis offers a valuable tool to assess geographical traceability of different tea varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Qin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hong-Xu Yin
- Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hai-Bo Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- * E-mail: (YWJ); (HBY)
| | - Yong-Wen Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- * E-mail: (YWJ); (HBY)
| | - Chun-Wang Dong
- Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yu-Liang Deng
- Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Comparative analysis of multiple representative components in the herb pair Astragali Radix-Curcumae Rhizoma and its single herbs by UPLC-QQQ-MS. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2018; 148:224-229. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Revised: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Zhang J, Song H, Jiang S, Chen Z, Tong S, Lin F, Wen C, Zhang X, Hu L. Fisher Discrimination of Metabolic Changes in Rats Treated with Aspirin and Ibuprofen. Pharmacology 2017; 100:194-200. [DOI: 10.1159/000477971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Background: Aspirin and ibuprofen are the most frequently prescribed non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in the world. However, both are associated with a variety of toxicities. We applied serum metabonomics and Fisher discrimination for the early diagnosis of its toxic reaction in order to help diagnose these toxicities. Methods: A total of 45 rats were randomly divided into Control group, Aspirin group, and Ibuprofen groups. The experiment groups were given intragastric aspirin (15 mg/kg) or ibuprofen (15 mg/kg) for 3 weeks. Liver function tests were performed and blood metabonomics were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Results: The most important compounds altered were trihydroxybutyric acid and l-alanine in the aspirin group, and acetoacetic acid, l-alanine, and trihydroxybutyric acid in the ibuprofen group. With respect to metabolic profiles, all 3 groups were completely distinct from one another. Fisher discrimination showed that 91.1% of the original grouped cases were correctly classified by the third week. However, only 55.6% of liver function tests were able to classify grouped cases correctly. Conclusion: Trihydroxybutyric acid, l-alanine, and acetoacetic acid were the most significant indicators of altered serum metabolites following intragastric administration of aspirin and ibuprofen in rates. These metabolomic data may be used for classification of aspirin and ibuprofen toxicity.
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Chemometrics-enhanced one-dimensional/comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatographic analysis for bioactive terpenoids and phthalides in Chaihu Shugan San essential oils. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2017; 1052:158-168. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2017.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2016] [Revised: 02/25/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Dilmaç AM, Spuling E, de Meijere A, Bräse S. Propellane: von chemischen Kuriositäten zu “explosiven” Materialen und Naturstoffen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201603951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alicia M. Dilmaç
- Institut für Organische Chemie (IOC); Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT); Fritz-Haber-Weg 6 76131 Karlsruhe Deutschland
| | - Eduard Spuling
- Institut für Organische Chemie (IOC); Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT); Fritz-Haber-Weg 6 76131 Karlsruhe Deutschland
| | - Armin de Meijere
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie; Georg-August-Universität Göttingen; Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Deutschland
| | - Stefan Bräse
- Institut für Organische Chemie (IOC); Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT); Fritz-Haber-Weg 6 76131 Karlsruhe Deutschland
- Institut für Toxikologie und Genetik (ITG); Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT); Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Deutschland
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27
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Dilmaç AM, Spuling E, de Meijere A, Bräse S. Propellanes-From a Chemical Curiosity to "Explosive" Materials and Natural Products. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:5684-5718. [PMID: 27905166 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201603951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2016] [Revised: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Propellanes are a unique class of compounds currently consisting of well over 10 000 representatives, all featuring two more or less inverted tetrahedral carbon atoms that are common to three bridging rings. The central single bond between the two bridgeheads is significantly weakened in the smaller entities, which leads to unusual reactivities of these structurally interesting propeller-like molecules. This Review highlights the synthesis of such propellanes and their occurrence in material sciences, natural products, and medicinal chemistry. The conversion of [1.1.1]propellane into bridgehead derivatives of bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane, including oligomers and polymers with bicyclo[1.1.1]penta-1,3-diyl repeat units, is also featured. A selection of natural products with larger propellane subunits are discussed in detail. Heteropropellanes and inorganic propellanes are also addressed. The historical background is touched in brief to show the pioneering work of David Ginsburg, Günther Snatzke, Kenneth B. Wiberg, Günter Szeimies, and others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia M Dilmaç
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Eduard Spuling
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Armin de Meijere
- Institute of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, Georg-August Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Stefan Bräse
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany.,Institute of Toxicology and Genetics (ITG), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
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Hu Y, Zhang J, Kong W, Zhao G, Yang M. Mechanisms of antifungal and anti-aflatoxigenic properties of essential oil derived from turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) on Aspergillus flavus. Food Chem 2017; 220:1-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.09.179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Revised: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Liu Q, Zhang S, Yang X, Wang R, Guo W, Kong W, Yang M. Differentiation of essential oils in Atractylodes lancea and Atractylodes koreana by gas chromatography with mass spectrometry. J Sep Sci 2016; 39:4773-4780. [PMID: 27790838 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201600574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2016] [Revised: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Atractylodes rhizome is a valuable traditional Chinese medicinal herb that comprises complex several species whose essential oils are the primary pharmacologically active component. Essential oils of Atractylodes lancea and Atractylodes koreana were extracted by hydrodistillation, and the yield was determined. The average yield of essential oil obtained from A. lancea (2.91%) was higher than that from A. koreana (2.42%). The volatile components of the essential oils were then identified by a gas chromatography with mass spectrometry method that demonstrated good precision. The method showed clear differences in the numbers and contents of volatile components between the two species. 41 and 45 volatile components were identified in A. lancea and A. koreana, respectively. Atractylon (48.68%) was the primary volatile component in A. lancea, while eudesma-4(14)-en-11-ol (11.81%) was major in A. koreana. However, the most significant difference between A. lancea and A. koreana was the major component of atractylon and atractydin. Principal component analysis was utilized to reveal the correlation between volatile components and species, and the analysis was used to successfully discriminate between A. lancea and A. koreana samples. These results suggest that different species of Atractylodes rhizome may yield essential oils that differ significantly in content and composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiutao Liu
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Pharmacy College, Liaoning Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Shanshan Zhang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Pharmacy College, Liaoning Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Xihui Yang
- Chia Tai Tianqing Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd, Nanjing, China
| | - Ruilin Wang
- PLA Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, 302 Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Weiying Guo
- Pharmacy College, Liaoning Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Weijun Kong
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Meihua Yang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Development of an Ionic Liquid-Based Ultrasonic/Microwave-Assisted Simultaneous Distillation and Extraction Method for Separation of Camptothecin, 10-Hydroxycamptothecin, Vincoside-Lactam, and Essential Oils from the Fruits of Camptotheca acuminata Decne. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2016. [DOI: 10.3390/app6100293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Liu Q, Kong D, Luo J, Kong W, Guo W, Yang M. Quantitative and fingerprinting analysis of Atractylodes rhizome based on gas chromatography with flame ionization detection combined with chemometrics. J Sep Sci 2016; 39:2517-26. [PMID: 27133960 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201501275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Revised: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
This study assessed the feasibility of gas chromatography with flame ionization detection fingerprinting combined with chemometrics for quality analysis of Atractylodes rhizome. We extracted essential oils from 20 Atractylodes lancea and Atractylodes koreana samples by hydrodistillation. The variation in extraction yields (1.33-4.06%) suggested that contents of the essential oils differed between species. The volatile components (atractylon, atractydin, and atractylenolide I, II, and III) were quantified by gas chromatography with flame ionization detection and confirmed by gas chromatography with mass spectrometry, and the results demonstrated that the number and content of volatile components differed between A. lancea and A. koreana. We then calculated the relative peak areas of common components and similarities of samples by comparing the chromatograms of A. lancea and A. koreana extracts. Also, we employed several chemometric techniques, including similarity analysis, hierarchical clustering analysis, principal component analysis, and partial least-squares discriminate analysis, to analyze the samples. Results were consistent across analytical methods and showed that samples could be separated according to species. Five volatile components in the essential oils were quantified to further validate the results of the multivariate statistical analysis. The method is simple, stable, accurate, and reproducible. Our results provide a foundation for quality control analysis of A. lancea and A. koreana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiutao Liu
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Pharmacy College, Liaoning Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Dandan Kong
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaoyang Luo
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Weijun Kong
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Weiying Guo
- Pharmacy College, Liaoning Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Meihua Yang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Clustering and diagnostic modelling of slimming aids based on chromatographic and mass spectrometric fingerprints. Drug Test Anal 2016; 9:230-242. [DOI: 10.1002/dta.1964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Revised: 01/23/2016] [Accepted: 01/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Kim SB, Kang OH, Lee YS, Han SH, Ahn YS, Cha SW, Seo YS, Kong R, Kwon DY. Hepatoprotective Effect and Synergism of Bisdemethoycurcumin against MCD Diet-Induced Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Mice. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0147745. [PMID: 26881746 PMCID: PMC4755614 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0147745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2015] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the hepatic manifestation of the metabolic syndrome, has become one of the most common causes of chronic liver disease over the last decade in developed countries. NAFLD includes a spectrum of pathological hepatic changes, such as steatosis, steatohepatitis, advanced fibrosis, and cirrhosis. Bisdemethoxycurcumin (BDMC) is polyphenolic compounds with a diarylheptanoid skeleton, curcumin close analogues, which is derived from the Curcumae Longae Rhizoma. While the rich bioavailability research of curcumin, BDMC is the poor studies. We investigated whether BDMC has the hepatoprotective effect and combinatory preventive effect with silymarin on methionine choline deficient (MCD)-diet-induced NAFLD in C57BL/6J mice. C57BL/6J mice were divided into five groups of normal (normal diet without any treatment), MCD diet (MCD diet only), MCD + silymarin (SIL) 100 mg/kg group, MCD + BDMC 100 mg/kg group, MCD + SIL 50 mg/kg + BDMC 50 mg/kg group. Body weight, liver weight, liver function tests, histological changes were assessed and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analyses were conducted after 4 weeks. Mice lost body weight on the MCD-diet, but BDMC did not lose less than the MCD-diet group. Liver weights decreased from BDMC, but they increased significantly in the MCD-diet groups. All liver function test values decreased from the MCD-diet, whereas those from the BDMC increased significantly. The MCD- diet induced severe hepatic fatty accumulation, but the fatty change was reduced in the BDMC. The BDMC showed an inhibitory effect on liver lipogenesis by reducing associated gene expression caused by the MCD-diet. In all experiments, the combinations of BDMC with SIL had a synergistic effect against MCD-diet models. In conclusion, our findings indicate that BDMC has a potential suppressive effect on NAFLD. Therefore, our data suggest that BDMC may act as a novel and potent therapeutic agent against NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Bae Kim
- Department of Oriental Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang University, Wonkwang Oriental Medicines Research Institute, Iksan, Jeonbuk, 570–749, Korea
| | - Ok-Hwa Kang
- Department of Oriental Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang University, Wonkwang Oriental Medicines Research Institute, Iksan, Jeonbuk, 570–749, Korea
| | - Young-Seob Lee
- BK21 Plus Team, Professional Graduate School of Oriental Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk, 570–749, Korea
| | - Sin-Hee Han
- Department of Herbal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, RDA, 92 Bisanro, Eumsung, Chungbuk, 369–873, Korea
| | - Young-Sup Ahn
- Department of Herbal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, RDA, 92 Bisanro, Eumsung, Chungbuk, 369–873, Korea
| | - Seon-Woo Cha
- Department of Herbal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, RDA, 92 Bisanro, Eumsung, Chungbuk, 369–873, Korea
| | - Yun-Soo Seo
- Department of Oriental Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang University, Wonkwang Oriental Medicines Research Institute, Iksan, Jeonbuk, 570–749, Korea
| | - Ryong Kong
- BK21 Plus Team, Professional Graduate School of Oriental Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk, 570–749, Korea
| | - Dong-Yeul Kwon
- Department of Oriental Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang University, Wonkwang Oriental Medicines Research Institute, Iksan, Jeonbuk, 570–749, Korea
- * E-mail:
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LV MY, SUN JB, WANG M, FAN HY, ZHANG ZJ, XU FG. Comparative analysis of volatile oils in the stems and roots of Ephedra sinica via GC-MS-based plant metabolomics. Chin J Nat Med 2016; 14:133-140. [DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(16)60006-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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A Microwave-Assisted Simultaneous Distillation and Extraction Method for the Separation of Polysaccharides and Essential Oil from the Leaves of Taxus chinensis Var. mairei. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2016. [DOI: 10.3390/app6020019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Current application of chemometrics in traditional Chinese herbal medicine research. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2016; 1026:27-35. [PMID: 26795190 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2015.12.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2015] [Revised: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Traditional Chinese herbal medicines (TCHMs) are promising approach for the treatment of various diseases which have attracted increasing attention all over the world. Chemometrics in quality control of TCHMs are great useful tools that harnessing mathematics, statistics and other methods to acquire information maximally from the data obtained from various analytical approaches. This feature article focuses on the recent studies which evaluating the pharmacological efficacy and quality of TCHMs by determining, identifying and discriminating the bioactive or marker components in different samples with the help of chemometric techniques. In this work, the application of chemometric techniques in the classification of TCHMs based on their efficacy and usage was introduced. The recent advances of chemometrics applied in the chemical analysis of TCHMs were reviewed in detail.
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Pan Y, Zhang J, Zhao YL, Wang YZ, Huang HY. Investigation of metabolites accumulation in medical plant Gentiana rigescens during different growing stage using LC-MS/MS and FT-IR. BOTANICAL STUDIES 2015; 56:14. [PMID: 28510823 PMCID: PMC5434671 DOI: 10.1186/s40529-015-0094-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2015] [Accepted: 05/18/2015] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gentiana rigescens, an important medicinal plant in China, has been widely cultivated in Yunnan province, China. Previous studies were focused on analysis and determination of the metabolites isolated from this species, the accumulation of these metabolites during growth period are not yet clear. In this study, samples for the experiments were obtained by tissue culture. FT-IR and LC-MS/MS method were performed to distinguish the variation on the major metabolites in G. rigescens during growing stage when combined with chemometrics. RESULTS Methodology validations were all within the required limits. The metabolites were visually different in tissue culture samples and mature plants. The diversity of metabolites increased proportionally with plant growth. The quantitative analysis showed the content of gentiopicroside was significantly vary during different growing stage. The highest content of gentiopicroside (122.93 ± 7.01 mg/g) was detected in leaf of regenerated plantlet, whereas its content in root significantly increased along with underground parts growth. Moreover, flavonoids mainly distributed in aerial parts showed potential competitive relationship during plant growth. CONCLUSION The distribution and accumulation of metabolites are associated with different parts and plant growth, which provide potential evidences for the rational application and exploitation of G. rigescens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Pan
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
- Institute of Medicinal Plants, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Ji Zhang
- Institute of Medicinal Plants, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Yan-Li Zhao
- Institute of Medicinal Plants, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Yuan-Zhong Wang
- Institute of Medicinal Plants, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Heng-Yu Huang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
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Pan Y, Zhang J, Shen T, Zhao YL, Zuo ZT, Wang YZ, Li WY. Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry Combined with Fourier Transform Mid-Infrared Spectroscopy and Chemometrics for Comparative Analysis of Raw and Processed Gentiana rigescens. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2015.1053912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Pan
- Institute of Medicinal Plants, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Ji Zhang
- Institute of Medicinal Plants, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Tao Shen
- College of Resources and Environment, Yuxi Normal University, Yuxi, China
| | - Yan-Li Zhao
- Institute of Medicinal Plants, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Zhi-Tian Zuo
- Institute of Medicinal Plants, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Yuan-Zhong Wang
- Institute of Medicinal Plants, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Wan-Yi Li
- Institute of Medicinal Plants, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
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Pan Y, Zhang J, Shen T, Zhao YL, Wang YZ, Li WY. Comparative metabolic fingerprinting of Gentiana rhodantha from different geographical origins using LC-UV-MS/MS and multivariate statistical analysis. BMC BIOCHEMISTRY 2015; 16:9. [PMID: 25880482 PMCID: PMC4390080 DOI: 10.1186/s12858-015-0038-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2014] [Accepted: 03/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Backgrounds Gentiana rhodantha, a rich source of iridoids and polyphenols, is a traditional ethnomedicine widely used in China. Metabolic fingerprinting based on a LC-UV-MS/MS method was applied to explore the chemical markers for discrimination of G. rhodantha from different geographical origins. Results Targeted compounds were separated on a Shim-pack XR-ODS III (150 × 2.0 mm, 2.2 μm), with a mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile and 0.1% formic acid in water, under gradient elution. In quantitative analysis, all of the calibration curves showed good linear regression (R2 < less than 0.9991) within the tested ranges, and accuracy ranged from 97.8% to 104.2% and the %RSD of precision (less than 3%) were all within the required limits. The most abundant mangiferin (82.21 mg/g) found in sample from Zunyi, Guizhou province. Furthermore, 64 samples according to their geographical origins, could be classified by partial least-squares discriminate analysis (PLS-DA) and nine compounds including two new compounds identified by mass spectrometry could be regarded as characteristic compounds for discriminating samples from different geographical origins. Conclusions The developed method appears to be a useful tool for analysis of G. rhodantha, which could provide potential indicators for differentiation of different geographical origins. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12858-015-0038-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Pan
- Institute of Medicinal Plants, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 2238, Beijing Road, Panlong District, Kunming, 650200, China. .,College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650500, China.
| | - Ji Zhang
- Institute of Medicinal Plants, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 2238, Beijing Road, Panlong District, Kunming, 650200, China.
| | - Tao Shen
- College of Resources and Environment, Yuxi Normal University, Yuxi, 653100, China.
| | - Yan-Li Zhao
- Institute of Medicinal Plants, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 2238, Beijing Road, Panlong District, Kunming, 650200, China.
| | - Yuan-Zhong Wang
- Institute of Medicinal Plants, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 2238, Beijing Road, Panlong District, Kunming, 650200, China.
| | - Wan-Yi Li
- Institute of Medicinal Plants, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 2238, Beijing Road, Panlong District, Kunming, 650200, China.
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Rafi M, Wulansari L, Heryanto R, Darusman LK, Lim LW, Takeuchi T. Curcuminoid’s Content and Fingerprint Analysis for Authentication and Discrimination of Curcuma xanthorrhiza from Curcuma longa by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Diode Array Detector. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-015-0110-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Hu Y, Luo J, Kong W, Zhang J, Logrieco AF, Wang X, Yang M. Uncovering the antifungal components from turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) essential oil as Aspergillus flavus fumigants by partial least squares. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra01725d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Three volatile compounds in turmeric essential oil that work as fumigants againstAspergillus flavushave been uncovered based on PLS modelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichen Hu
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine
- Ministry of Education
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
- Peking Union Medical College
| | - Jiaoyang Luo
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine
- Ministry of Education
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
- Peking Union Medical College
| | - Weijun Kong
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine
- Ministry of Education
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
- Peking Union Medical College
| | - Jinming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences
- University of Macau
- Taipa
- P. R. China
| | | | - Xizhi Wang
- SHIMADZU (China) CO., LTD
- Beijing
- P.R. China
| | - Meihua Yang
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine
- Ministry of Education
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
- Peking Union Medical College
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Zhong X, Yan J, Li YC, Kong B, Lu HB, Liang YZ. A novel strategy for quantitative analysis of the formulated complex system using chromatographic fingerprints combined with some chemometric techniques. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1370:179-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.10.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2014] [Revised: 10/04/2014] [Accepted: 10/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Qiu S, Zhang AH, Sun H, Yan GL, Wang XJ. Overview on metabolomics in traditional Chinese medicine. World J Pharmacol 2014; 3:33-38. [DOI: 10.5497/wjp.v3.i3.33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2014] [Revised: 07/02/2014] [Accepted: 07/29/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolomics has been widely used in the modern research of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). At the same time, the world is increasingly concerned about TCM, and many studies have been conducted to investigate different aspects of TCM. Among these studies, metabolomic approach has been implemented to facilitate TCM development. The current methods for TCM research are diverse, including nuclear magnetic resonance, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Using these techniques, some advantageous results have been obtained in the studies of TCM, such as diagnosis and treatment, quality control, and mechanisms of action. It is believed that the further development of metabolomic analytical techniques is beneficial to the modernization of TCM. This review summarizes potential applications of metabolomics in the area of TCM. Guidelines for good practice for the application of metabolomics in TCM research are also proposed, and the special role of metabolomics in TCM is highlighted.
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Chang YX, Liu J, Bai Y, Li J, Liu EW, He J, Jiao XC, Wang ZZ, Gao XM, Zhang BL, Xiao W. The activity-integrated method for quality assessment of reduning injection by on-line DPPH-CE-DAD. PLoS One 2014; 9:e106254. [PMID: 25181475 PMCID: PMC4152118 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0106254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2014] [Accepted: 07/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A sensitive on-line DPPH-CE-DAD method was developed and validated for both screening and determining the concentration of seven antioxidants of Reduning injection. The pH and concentrations of buffer solution, SDS, β-CD and organic modifier were studied for the detection of DPPH and seven antioxidants. By on-line mixing DPPH and sample solution, a DPPH-CE method for testing the antioxidant activity of the complex matrix was successfully established and used to screen the antioxidant components of Reduning injection. Then, antioxidant components including caffeic acid, isochlorogenic acid A, isochlorogenic acid B, isochlorogenic acid C, chlorogenic acid, neochlorogenic acid and cryptochlorogenic acid were quantified by the newly established CE-DAD method. Finally, the total antioxidant activity and the multiple active components were selected as markers to evaluate the quality of Reduning injection. The results demonstrated that the on-line DPPH-CE-DAD method was reagent-saving, rapid and feasible for on-line simultaneous determination of total pharmacological activity and contents of multi-components samples. It was also a powerful method for evaluating the quality control and mechanism of action of TCM injection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-xu Chang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of New-tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process, Kanion Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Lianyungang, China
- * (Y-xC) (WX)
| | - Jiao Liu
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yang Bai
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jin Li
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Er-wei Liu
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jun He
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiu-cheng Jiao
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhen-zhong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of New-tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process, Kanion Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Lianyungang, China
| | - Xiu-Mei Gao
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Bo-li Zhang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Wei Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of New-tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process, Kanion Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Lianyungang, China
- * (Y-xC) (WX)
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Wang M, Li Y, Huang Y, Tian Y, Xu F, Zhang Z. Chemomic and chemometric approach based on ultra-fast liquid chromatography with ion trap time-of-flight mass spectrometry to reveal the difference in the chemical composition between Da-Cheng-Qi decoction and its three constitutional herbal medicines. J Sep Sci 2014; 37:1148-54. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201301378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2013] [Revised: 02/20/2014] [Accepted: 02/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mengru Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education); China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education); China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing China
| | - Yin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education); China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing China
| | - Yuan Tian
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education); China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing China
| | - Fengguo Xu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education); China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine; China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing China
| | - Zunjian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education); China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing China
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