1
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Chen Y, Che X, Rong Y, Zhu J, Yu Y, Xu H, Sun Y, Chen H, Yan L, Chen L, Xu Y, Zhang J. Immunomodulation in Endometriosis: Investigating the interrelationship between VISTA expression and Escherichia.Shigella-Associated metabolites. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 137:112366. [PMID: 38852526 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Endometriosis is characterized by an abnormal immune microenvironment. Despite the extensive use of immune therapies, the application of immune checkpoint inhibitors in endometriosis lacks confidence due to the instability of preclinical research data. This study aims to elucidate the regulation of the immune inhibitory checkpoint VISTA and its effects on T cells from the perspective of microbiota and metabolism. MAIN METHODS We divided endometriosis patients into high and low groups based on the expression levels of VISTA in lesion tissues. We collected peritoneal fluid samples from these two groups and performed 16 s RNA sequencing and metabolomics analysis to investigate microbial diversity and differential metabolites. Through combined analysis, we identified microbial-associated metabolites and validated their correlation with VISTA and CD8 + T cells using ELISA and immunofluorescence. In vitro experiments were conducted to confirm the regulatory relationship among these factors. KEY FINDINGS Our findings revealed a distinct correlation between VISTA expression and the microbial colony Escherichia.Shigella. Moreover, we identified the metabolites LTD4-d5 and 2-n-Propylthiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid as being associated with both Escherichia.Shigella and VISTA expression. In vitro experiments confirmed the inhibitory effects of these metabolites on VISTA expression, while they demonstrated a positive regulation of CD8 + T cell infiltration into endometriotic lesions. SIGNIFICANCE This study reveals the connection between microbial diversity, metabolites, and VISTA expression in the immune microenvironment of endometriosis, providing potential targets for therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichen Chen
- Women and Children's Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Xuan Che
- Jiaxing University Affiliated Women and Children Hospital, Jiaxing, China
| | - Yishen Rong
- Women and Children's Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China; Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jue Zhu
- Women and Children's Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yayuan Yu
- Jiaxing University Affiliated Women and Children Hospital, Jiaxing, China
| | - Hong Xu
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuhui Sun
- Women and Children's Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Huan Chen
- Women and Children's Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China; Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Lifeng Yan
- Women and Children's Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Women and Children's Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yanan Xu
- Women and Children's Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Women and Children's Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.
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2
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Ogasahara R, Ban K, Mae M, Akai S, Sawama Y. Deuterated Alkyl Sulfonium Salt Reagents; Importance of H/D Exchange Methods in Drug Discovery. ChemMedChem 2024; 19:e202400201. [PMID: 38740557 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202400201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Deuterated drugs (heavy drugs) have recently been spotlighted as a new modality for small-molecule drugs because the pharmacokinetics of pharmaceutical drugs can be enhanced by replacing C-H bonds with more stable C-D bonds at metabolic positions. Therefore, deuteration methods for drug candidates are a hot topic in medicinal chemistry. Among them, the H/D exchange reaction (direct transformation of C-H bonds to C-D bonds) is a useful and straightforward method for creating novel deuterated target molecules, and over 20 reviews on the synthetic methods related to H/D exchange reactions have been published in recent years. Although various deuterated drug candidates undergo clinical trials, approved deuterated drugs possess CD3 groups in the same molecule. However, less diversification, except for the CD3 group, is a problem for future medicinal chemistry. Recently, we developed various deuterated alkyl (dn-alkyl) sulfonium salts based on the H/D exchange reaction of the corresponding hydrogen form using D2O as an inexpensive deuterium source to introduce CD3, CH3CD2, and ArCH2CD2 groups into drug candidates. This concept summarises recent reviews related to H/D exchange reactions and novel reagents that introduce the CD3 group, and our newly developed electrophilic dn-alkyl reagents are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riku Ogasahara
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kazuho Ban
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Miyu Mae
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shuji Akai
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yoshinari Sawama
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
- Deuterium Science Research Unit, Center for the Promotion of Interdisciplinary Education and Research, Kyoto University, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
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3
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Dey J, Kaltenberger S, van Gemmeren M. Palladium(II)-Catalyzed Nondirected Late-Stage C(sp 2)-H Deuteration of Heteroarenes Enabled Through a Multi-Substrate Screening Approach. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202404421. [PMID: 38512005 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202404421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
The importance of deuterium labelling in a variety of applications, ranging from mechanistic studies to drug-discovery, has spurred immense interest in the development of new methods for its efficient incorporation in organic, and especially in bioactive molecules. The five-membered heteroarenes at the center of this work are ubiquitous motifs in bioactive molecules and efficient methods for the deuterium labelling of these compounds are therefore highly desirable. However, the profound differences in chemical properties encountered between different heteroarenes hamper the development of a single set of broadly applicable reaction conditions, often necessitating a separate optimization campaign for a given type of heteroarene. In this study we describe the use of a multi-substrate screening approach to identify optimal reaction conditions for different classes of heteroarenes from a minimal number of screening reactions. Using this approach, four sets of complementary reaction conditions derived from our dual ligand-based palladium catalysts for nondirected C(sp2)-H activation were identified, that together enable the deuteration of structurally diverse heteroarenes, including bioactive molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyotirmoy Dey
- Otto-Diels-Institut für Organische Chemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Otto-Hahn-Platz 4, 24098, Kiel, Germany
| | - Simon Kaltenberger
- Otto-Diels-Institut für Organische Chemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Otto-Hahn-Platz 4, 24098, Kiel, Germany
| | - Manuel van Gemmeren
- Otto-Diels-Institut für Organische Chemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Otto-Hahn-Platz 4, 24098, Kiel, Germany
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4
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Zhang W, Issa K, Tang T, Zhang H. Role of Hydroperoxyl Radicals in Heterogeneous Oxidation of Oxygenated Organic Aerosols. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:4727-4736. [PMID: 38411392 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c09024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Heterogeneous oxidative aging of organic aerosols (OA) occurs ubiquitously in the atmosphere, initiated by oxidants, such as the hydroxyl radicals (•OH). Hydroperoxyl radicals (HO2•) are also an important oxidant in the troposphere, and its gas-phase chemistry has been well studied. However, the role of HO2• in heterogeneous OA oxidation remains elusive. Here, we carry out •OH-initiated heterogeneous oxidation of several OA model systems under different HO2• conditions in a flow tube reactor and characterize the molecular oxidation products using a suite of mass spectrometry instrumentation. By using hydrogen-deuterium exchange (HDX) with thermal desorption iodide-adduct chemical ionization mass spectrometry, we provide direct observation of organic hydroperoxide (ROOH) formation from heterogeneous HO2• and peroxy radicals (RO2•) reactions for the first time. The ROOH may contribute substantially to the oxidation products, varied with the parent OA chemical structure. Furthermore, by regulating RO2• reaction pathways, HO2• also greatly influence the overall composition of the oxidized OA. Last, we suggest that the RO2• + HO2• reactions readily occur at the OA particle interface rather than in the particle bulk. These findings provide new mechanistic insights into the heterogeneous OA oxidation chemistry and help fill the critical knowledge gap in understanding atmospheric OA oxidative aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92507, United States
| | - Kassem Issa
- Department of Evolution, Ecology, and Organismal Biology, University of California, Riverside, California 92507, United States
| | - Tiffany Tang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92507, United States
| | - Haofei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92507, United States
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5
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Cajka T, Hricko J, Rakusanova S, Brejchova K, Novakova M, Rudl Kulhava L, Hola V, Paucova M, Fiehn O, Kuda O. Hydrophilic Interaction Liquid Chromatography-Hydrogen/Deuterium Exchange-Mass Spectrometry (HILIC-HDX-MS) for Untargeted Metabolomics. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2899. [PMID: 38474147 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry (LC-MS)-based metabolomics detects thousands of molecular features (retention time-m/z pairs) in biological samples per analysis, yet the metabolite annotation rate remains low, with 90% of signals classified as unknowns. To enhance the metabolite annotation rates, researchers employ tandem mass spectral libraries and challenging in silico fragmentation software. Hydrogen/deuterium exchange mass spectrometry (HDX-MS) may offer an additional layer of structural information in untargeted metabolomics, especially for identifying specific unidentified metabolites that are revealed to be statistically significant. Here, we investigate the potential of hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC)-HDX-MS in untargeted metabolomics. Specifically, we evaluate the effectiveness of two approaches using hypothetical targets: the post-column addition of deuterium oxide (D2O) and the on-column HILIC-HDX-MS method. To illustrate the practical application of HILIC-HDX-MS, we apply this methodology using the in silico fragmentation software MS-FINDER to an unknown compound detected in various biological samples, including plasma, serum, tissues, and feces during HILIC-MS profiling, subsequently identified as N1-acetylspermidine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Cajka
- Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 14200 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Hricko
- Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 14200 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Stanislava Rakusanova
- Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 14200 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Kristyna Brejchova
- Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 14200 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Michaela Novakova
- Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 14200 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Rudl Kulhava
- Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 14200 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Hola
- Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 14200 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Michaela Paucova
- Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 14200 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Oliver Fiehn
- West Coast Metabolomics Center, University of California, Davis, 451 Health Sciences Drive, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Ondrej Kuda
- Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 14200 Prague, Czech Republic
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6
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van der Zon AAM, Verduin J, van den Hurk RS, Gargano AFG, Pirok BWJ. Sample transformation in online separations: how chemical conversion advances analytical technology. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 60:36-50. [PMID: 38053451 PMCID: PMC10729587 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc03599a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
While the advent of modern analytical technology has allowed scientists to determine the complexity of mixtures, it also spurred the demand to understand these sophisticated mixtures better. Chemical transformation can be used to provide insights into properties of complex samples such as degradation pathways or molecular heterogeneity that are otherwise unaccessible. In this article, we explore how sample transformation is exploited across different application fields to empower analytical methods. Transformation mechanisms include molecular-weight reduction, controlled degradation, and derivatization. Both offline and online transformation methods have been explored. The covered studies show that sample transformation facilitates faster reactions (e.g. several hours to minutes), reduces sample complexity, unlocks new sample dimensions (e.g. functional groups), provides correlations between multiple sample dimensions, and improves detectability. The article highlights the state-of-the-art and future prospects, focusing in particular on the characterization of protein and nucleic-acid therapeutics, nanoparticles, synthetic polymers, and small molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika A M van der Zon
- University of Amsterdam, van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, Analytical Chemistry Group, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Centre of Analytical Sciences Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joshka Verduin
- Centre of Analytical Sciences Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences, Division of BioAnalytical Chemistry, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rick S van den Hurk
- University of Amsterdam, van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, Analytical Chemistry Group, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Centre of Analytical Sciences Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Andrea F G Gargano
- University of Amsterdam, van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, Analytical Chemistry Group, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Centre of Analytical Sciences Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bob W J Pirok
- University of Amsterdam, van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, Analytical Chemistry Group, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Centre of Analytical Sciences Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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7
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Osipenko S, Bashilov A, Vishnevskaya A, Rumiantseva L, Levashova A, Kovalenko A, Tupertsev B, Kireev A, Nikolaev E, Kostyukevich Y. Investigating the Metabolism of Plants Germinated in Heavy Water, D 2O, and H 218O-Enriched Media Using High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15396. [PMID: 37895078 PMCID: PMC10607710 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Mass spectrometry has been an essential technique for the investigation of the metabolic pathways of living organisms since its appearance at the beginning of the 20th century. Due to its capability to resolve isotopically labeled species, it can be applied together with stable isotope tracers to reveal the transformation of particular biologically relevant molecules. However, low-resolution techniques, which were used for decades, had limited capabilities for untargeted metabolomics, especially when a large number of compounds are labelled simultaneously. Such untargeted studies may provide new information about metabolism and can be performed with high-resolution mass spectrometry. Here, we demonstrate the capabilities of high-resolution mass spectrometry to obtain insights on the metabolism of a model plant, Lepidium sativum, germinated in D2O and H218O-enriched media. In particular, we demonstrated that in vivo labeling with heavy water helps to identify if a compound is being synthesized at a particular stage of germination or if it originates from seed content, and tandem mass spectrometry allows us to highlight the substructures with incorporated isotope labels. Additionally, we found in vivo labeling useful to distinguish between isomeric compounds with identical fragmentation patterns due to the differences in their formation rates that can be compared by the extent of heavy atom incorporation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey Osipenko
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Bolshoy Boulevard 30, Bld. 1, 121205 Moscow, Russia; (S.O.); (A.B.); (A.V.); (L.R.); (A.L.); (A.K.); (B.T.); (A.K.); (E.N.)
| | - Anton Bashilov
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Bolshoy Boulevard 30, Bld. 1, 121205 Moscow, Russia; (S.O.); (A.B.); (A.V.); (L.R.); (A.L.); (A.K.); (B.T.); (A.K.); (E.N.)
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Biotechnology, First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna Vishnevskaya
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Bolshoy Boulevard 30, Bld. 1, 121205 Moscow, Russia; (S.O.); (A.B.); (A.V.); (L.R.); (A.L.); (A.K.); (B.T.); (A.K.); (E.N.)
| | - Lidiia Rumiantseva
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Bolshoy Boulevard 30, Bld. 1, 121205 Moscow, Russia; (S.O.); (A.B.); (A.V.); (L.R.); (A.L.); (A.K.); (B.T.); (A.K.); (E.N.)
| | - Anna Levashova
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Bolshoy Boulevard 30, Bld. 1, 121205 Moscow, Russia; (S.O.); (A.B.); (A.V.); (L.R.); (A.L.); (A.K.); (B.T.); (A.K.); (E.N.)
| | - Anna Kovalenko
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Bolshoy Boulevard 30, Bld. 1, 121205 Moscow, Russia; (S.O.); (A.B.); (A.V.); (L.R.); (A.L.); (A.K.); (B.T.); (A.K.); (E.N.)
| | - Boris Tupertsev
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Bolshoy Boulevard 30, Bld. 1, 121205 Moscow, Russia; (S.O.); (A.B.); (A.V.); (L.R.); (A.L.); (A.K.); (B.T.); (A.K.); (E.N.)
| | - Albert Kireev
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Bolshoy Boulevard 30, Bld. 1, 121205 Moscow, Russia; (S.O.); (A.B.); (A.V.); (L.R.); (A.L.); (A.K.); (B.T.); (A.K.); (E.N.)
| | - Eugene Nikolaev
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Bolshoy Boulevard 30, Bld. 1, 121205 Moscow, Russia; (S.O.); (A.B.); (A.V.); (L.R.); (A.L.); (A.K.); (B.T.); (A.K.); (E.N.)
| | - Yury Kostyukevich
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Bolshoy Boulevard 30, Bld. 1, 121205 Moscow, Russia; (S.O.); (A.B.); (A.V.); (L.R.); (A.L.); (A.K.); (B.T.); (A.K.); (E.N.)
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8
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Wei Y, Sun Y, Jia S, Yan P, Xiong C, Qi M, Wang C, Du Z, Jiang H. Identification of endogenous carbonyl steroids in human serum by chemical derivatization, hydrogen/deuterium exchange mass spectrometry and the quantitative structure-retention relationship. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2023; 1226:123776. [PMID: 37311272 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2023.123776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Steroids are tetracyclic aliphatic compounds, and most of them contain carbonyl groups. The disordered homeostasis of steroids is closely related to the occurrence and progression of various diseases. Due to high structural similarity, low concentrations in vivo, poor ionization efficiency, and interference from endogenous substances, it is very challenging to comprehensively and unambiguously identify endogenous steroids in biological matrix. Herein, an integrated strategy was developed for the characterization of endogenous steroids in serum based on chemical derivatization, ultra-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole Exactive mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-Exactive-MS/MS), hydrogen/deuterium (H/D) exchange, and a quantitative structure-retention relationship (QSRR) model. To enhance the mass spectrometry (MS) response of carbonyl steroids, the ketonic carbonyl group was derivatized by Girard T (GT). Firstly, the fragmentation rules of derivatized carbonyl steroid standards by GT were summarized. Then, carbonyl steroids in serum were derivatized by GT and identified based on the fragmentation rules or by comparing retention time and MS/MS spectra with those of standards. H/D exchange MS was utilized to distinguish derivatized steroid isomers for the first time. Finally, a QSRR model was constructed to predict the retention time of the unknown steroid derivatives. With this strategy, 93 carbonyl steroids were identified from human serum, and 30 of them were determined to be dicarbonyl steroids by the charge number of characteristic ions and the number of exchangeable hrdrogen or comparing with standards. The QSRR model built by the machine learning algorithms has an excellent regression correlation, thus the accurate structures of 14 carbonyl steroids were determined, among which three steroids were reported for the first time in human serum. This study provides a new analytical method for the comprehensive and reliable identification of carbonyl steroids in biological matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinyu Wei
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yi Sun
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Shuailong Jia
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030 Wuhan, China
| | - Pan Yan
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha 410028, China
| | - Chaomei Xiong
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Meiling Qi
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Chenxi Wang
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Zhifeng Du
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
| | - Hongliang Jiang
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
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9
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Williamson DL, Trimble TK, Nagy G. Hydrogen-Deuterium-Exchange-Based Mass Distribution Shifts in High-Resolution Cyclic Ion Mobility Separations. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2023. [PMID: 37098274 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.3c00008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The mass distribution of ions influences separations in ion mobility spectrometry-mass spectrometry (IMS-MS). Herein, we introduce a method to induce mass distribution shifts for various analytes using hydrogen-deuterium exchange (HDX) immediately prior to ionization using a dual syringe approach. By replacing labile hydrogens on analytes with deuteriums, we were able to differentiate isomers using separations of isotopologues. For each analyte studied, every possible level of deuteration (from undeuterated to fully deuterated) was generated and then separated using cyclic ion mobility spectrometry-mass spectrometry (cIMS-MS). The information gained from such separations (relative arrival times; tRel. values) was found to be orthogonal to conventional IMS-MS separations. Additionally, the observed shifts were linearly additive with increasing deuteration, suggesting that this methodology could be extended to analytes with a larger number of labile hydrogens. For one isomer pair, as few as two deuteriums were able to produce a large enough mass distribution shift to differentiate isomers. In another experiment, we found that the mass distribution shift was large enough to overcome the reduced mass contribution, resulting in a "flipped" arrival time where the heavier deuterated isotopologue arrived before the lighter one. In this work, we present a proof-of-concept demonstration that mass-distribution-based shifts, tRel. values, could potentially act as an added dimension to characterize molecules in IMS-MS. We anticipate, along with future work in this area, that mass-distribution-based shifts could enable the identification of unknown molecules through a database-driven approach in an analogous fashion to collision cross section (CCS) measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- David L Williamson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Room 2020, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Tyson K Trimble
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Room 2020, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Gabe Nagy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Room 2020, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
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10
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Tupertsev B, Osipenko S, Kireev A, Nikolaev E, Kostyukevich Y. Simple In Vitro 18O Labeling for Improved Mass Spectrometry-Based Drug Metabolites Identification: Deep Drug Metabolism Study. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054569. [PMID: 36902002 PMCID: PMC10002766 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The identification of drug metabolites formed with different in vitro systems by HPLC-MS is a standard step in preclinical research. In vitro systems allow modeling of real metabolic pathways of a drug candidate. Despite the emergence of various software and databases, identification of compounds is still a complex task. Measurement of the accurate mass, correlation of chromatographic retention times and fragmentation spectra are often insufficient for identification of compounds especially in the absence of reference materials. Metabolites can "slip under the nose", since it is often not possible to reliably confirm that a signal belongs to a metabolite and not to other compounds in complex systems. Isotope labeling has proved to be a tool that aids in small molecule identification. The introduction of heavy isotopes is done with isotope exchange reactions or with complicated synthetic schemes. Here, we present an approach based on the biocatalytic insertion of oxygen-18 isotope under the action of liver microsomes enzymes in the presence of 18O2. Using the local anesthetic bupivacaine as an example, more than 20 previously unknown metabolites were reliably discovered and annotated in the absence of the reference materials. In combination with high-resolution mass spectrometry and modern methods of mass spectrometric metabolism data processing, we demonstrated the ability of the proposed approach to increase the degree of confidence in interpretating metabolism data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boris Tupertsev
- Center of Molecular and Cellular Biology (CMCB), Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Nobel Str., 3, 121205 Moscow, Russia
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Phystech School of Biological and Medical Physics, Institutskiy per., 9, Dolgoprudny, 141701 Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey Osipenko
- Center for Computational and Data-Intensive Science and Engineering, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Nobel Str., 3, 121205 Moscow, Russia
| | - Albert Kireev
- Center of Molecular and Cellular Biology (CMCB), Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Nobel Str., 3, 121205 Moscow, Russia
| | - Eugene Nikolaev
- Center of Molecular and Cellular Biology (CMCB), Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Nobel Str., 3, 121205 Moscow, Russia
| | - Yury Kostyukevich
- Center of Molecular and Cellular Biology (CMCB), Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Nobel Str., 3, 121205 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence:
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Rensner JJ, Lee YJ. Efficient Hydrogen-Deuterium Exchange in Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry Imaging for Confident Metabolite Identification. Anal Chem 2022; 94:11129-11133. [PMID: 35917496 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c00978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Highly efficient hydrogen-deuterium exchange (HDX) is developed for mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) with low-vacuum matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI). A HDX efficiency of 73-85% is achieved by introducing D2O vapor into a heated MALDI source in combination with a deuterium-labeled matrix, which allows correct determination of the number of possible H/D exchanges for up to 17 labile hydrogens. This provides valuable orthogonal information to supplement m/z, allowing for increased confidence in metabolite identification while retaining the spatial information MSI supplies. When combined with high-throughput METASPACE annotation, this approach can systematically improve untargeted metabolite annotations in MALDI-MS imaging. The developed method was applied to MALDI-MS imaging of the top surface, bottom surface, and middle section of Lemna minor fronds. Out of a total of 56 on-sample annotations made with the BraChem database using a 10% false discovery rate, 31 of these annotations (55%) matched our HDX data, providing additional confidence. For the remaining 45%, our data allowed us to narrow down structural possibilities and eliminate incorrect structures, greatly increasing confidence in metabolite identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josiah J Rensner
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Young Jin Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames Iowa 50011, United States
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