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Ead AS, Wirkus J, Matsukuma K, Mackenzie GG. A high-fat diet induces changes in mesenteric adipose tissue accelerating early-stage pancreatic carcinogenesis in mice. J Nutr Biochem 2024; 131:109690. [PMID: 38876394 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
Increased adiposity is a significant risk factor for pancreatic cancer development. Multiple preclinical studies have documented that high-fat, high calorie diets, rich in omega-6 fatty acids (FA) accelerate pancreatic cancer development. However, the effect of a high-fat, low sucrose diet (HFD), on pancreatic carcinogenesis remains unclear. We evaluated the impact of a HFD on early-stage pancreatic carcinogenesis in the clinically relevant KrasLSL-G12D/+; Ptf1aCre/+ (KC) genetically engineered mouse model, and characterized the role of the mesenteric adipose tissue (MAT). Cohorts of male and female KC mice were randomly assigned to a control diet (CD) or a HFD, matched for FA composition (9:1 of omega-6 FA: omega-3 FA), and fed their diets for 8 weeks. After 8 weeks on a HFD, KC mice had significantly higher body weight, fat mass, and serum leptin compared to CD-fed KC mice. Furthermore, a HFD accelerated pancreatic acinar-to-ductal metaplasia (ADM) and proliferation, associated with increased activation of ERK and STAT3, and macrophage infiltration in the pancreas, compared to CD-fed KC mice. Metabolomics analysis of the MAT revealed sex differences between diet groups. In females, a HFD altered metabolites related to FA (α-linolenic acid and linoleic acid) and amino acid metabolism (alanine, aspartate, glutamate). In males, a HFD significantly affected pathways related to alanine, aspartate, glutamate, linoleic acid, and the citric acid cycle. A HFD accelerates early pancreatic ADM through multifaceted mechanisms, including effects at the tumor and surrounding MAT. The sex-dependent changes in MAT metabolites could explain some of the sex differences in HFD-induced pancreatic ADM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aya S Ead
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Joanna Wirkus
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Karen Matsukuma
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Davis Medical Center, University of California, Sacramento, California, USA; University of California Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Gerardo G Mackenzie
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, California, USA; University of California Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Sacramento, California, USA.
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2
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Wang Z, Liao X, He H, Guo X, Chen J. Targeting the STAT3 pathway with STAT3 degraders. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2024:S0165-6147(24)00145-7. [PMID: 39117533 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2024.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) has been widely considered as a therapeutic target for various diseases, especially tumors. Thus far, several STAT3 inhibitors have been advanced to clinical trials; however, the development of STAT3 inhibitors is hindered by numerous dilemmas. Fortunately, STAT3 degraders represent an alternative and promising strategy to block STAT3, attracting extensive research interest. Here, we analyze the recent advancements of STAT3 degraders, including proteolysis targeting chimeras (PROTACs) and small-molecule natural products, focusing on their structures, mechanisms, and biological activities. We discuss the potential opportunities and challenges for developing STAT3 degraders. It is hoped that this Review will provide insights into the discovery of potent STAT3-targeting drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijie Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Viral Oncology, Ministry of Science and Innovation, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen 518100, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Xiaotong Liao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Haiqi He
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Xia Guo
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Viral Oncology, Ministry of Science and Innovation, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen 518100, China.
| | - Jianjun Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
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3
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Dai Y, Ying Y, Zhu G, Xu Y, Ji K. STAT3 drives the expression of HIF1alpha in cancer cells through a novel super-enhancer. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 735:150483. [PMID: 39098275 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Revised: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
Aerobic glycolysis is one of the major hallmarks of malignant tumors. This metabolic reprogramming benefits the rapid proliferation of cancer cells, facilitates the formation of tumor microenvironment to support their growth and survival, and impairs the efficacy of various tumor therapies. Therefore, the elucidation of the mechanisms driving aerobic glycolysis in tumors represents a pivotal breakthrough in developing therapeutic strategies for solid tumors. HIF1α serves as a central regulator of aerobic glycolysis with elevated mRNA and protein expression across multiple tumor types. However, the mechanisms contributing to this upregulation remain elusive. This study reports the identification of a novel HIF1α super enhancer (HSE) in multiple cancer cells using bioinformatics analysis, chromosome conformation capture (3C), chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), and CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing techniques. Deletion of HSE in cancer cells significantly reduces the expression of HIF1α, glycolysis, cell proliferation, colony and tumor formation ability, confirming the role of HSE as the enhancer of HIF1α in cancer cells. Particularly, we demonstrated that STAT3 promotes the expression of HIF1α by binding to HSE. The discovery of HSE will help elucidate the pathways driving tumor aerobic glycolysis, offering new therapeutic targets and potentially resolving the bottleneck in solid tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghui Dai
- Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yue Ying
- Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Gaoyang Zhu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Yang Xu
- Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China; Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0322, USA.
| | - Kaiyuan Ji
- Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China; Medical Research Center, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518033, China.
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4
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Ahmed A, Aschner M, Ferrer B. JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway mediates methylmercury toxicity in mouse astrocyte neuronal C8-D1A cell line. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.07.13.603400. [PMID: 39071366 PMCID: PMC11275743 DOI: 10.1101/2024.07.13.603400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Methylmercury (MeHg) is an environmental pollutant. Consumption of contaminated fish is the main exposure route in humans, leading to severe neurological disorders. Upon ingestion MeHg reaches the brain and selectively accumulates in astrocytes disrupting glutamate and calcium homeostasis and increasing oxidative stress. Despite extensive research, the molecular mechanisms underlying MeHg neurotoxicity remain incompletely understood. The induction of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and its role activating antioxidant responses during MeHg-induced oxidative injury have garnered significant attention as a potential therapeutic target against MeHg toxicity. However, recent studies indicate that the Nrf2 signaling pathway alone may not be sufficient to mitigate MeHg-induced damage, suggesting the existence of other protective mechanisms. The signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) plays a crucial role in cell growth and survival. Several studies have also highlighted its involvement in regulating redox homeostasis, thereby preventing oxidative stress through mechanisms that involve modulation of nuclear genes that encode electron transport complexes (ETC) and antioxidant enzymes. These characteristics suggest that STAT3 could serve as a viable mechanism to mitigate MeHg toxicity, either in conjunction with or as an alternative to Nrf2 signaling. Our previous findings demonstrated that MeHg activates the STAT3 signaling pathway in the GT1-7 hypothalamic neuronal cell line, suggesting its potential role in promoting neuroprotection. Here, to elucidate the role of the STAT3 signaling pathway in MeHg neurotoxicity, we pharmacologically inhibited STAT3 using AG490 in the C8D1A astrocytic cell line exposed to 10 µM MeHg. Our data demonstrated that pharmacological inhibition of STAT3 phosphorylation exacerbates MeHg-induced mortality, antioxidant responses, and ROS production, suggesting that STAT3 may contribute to neuroprotection against MeHg exposure in astrocytes.
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Singla P, Jain A. Deciphering the complex landscape of post-translational modifications on PKM2: Implications in head and neck cancer pathogenesis. Life Sci 2024; 349:122719. [PMID: 38759866 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
In the vast landscape of human health, head and neck cancer (HNC) poses a significant health burden globally, necessitating the exploration of novel diagnostics and therapeutics. Metabolic alterations occurring within tumor microenvironment are crucial to understand the foundational cause of HNC. Post-translational modifications (PTMs) have recently emerged as a silent foe exerting a significantly heightened influence on various aspects of the biological processes associated with the onset and advancement of cancer, particularly in the context of HNC. There are numerous targets involved in HNC but recently, the enzyme pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) has come out as a hot target due to its involvement in glycolysis resulting in metabolic reprogramming of cancer cells. Various PTMs have been reported to affect the structure and function of PKM2 by modulating its activity. This review aims to investigate the impact of PTMs on the interaction between PKM2 and several signaling pathways and transcription factors in the context of HNC. These interactions possess significant ramification for cellular proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis and metastasis. This review primarily explores the role of PTMs influencing PKM2 and its involvement in tumor development. While acknowledging the significance of PKM2 interactions with other tumor regulators, the emphasis lies on dissecting PTM-related mechanisms rather than solely scrutinizing individual regulators. It lays the framework for the development of more sophisticated diagnostic tools and uncovers exciting possibilities for precision medicine essential for effectively addressing the complexity of this malignancy in a precise and focused manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Palak Singla
- Department of Bioengineering and Biotechnology, Birla Institute of Technology Mesra, Ranchi 835215, Jharkhand, India
| | - Alok Jain
- Department of Bioengineering and Biotechnology, Birla Institute of Technology Mesra, Ranchi 835215, Jharkhand, India.
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Romero-Trejo D, Aguiñiga-Sanchez I, Ledesma-Martínez E, Weiss-Steider B, Sierra-Mondragón E, Santiago-Osorio E. Anti-cancer potential of casein and its derivatives: novel strategies for cancer treatment. Med Oncol 2024; 41:200. [PMID: 38990440 PMCID: PMC11239739 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-024-02403-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, with over 10 million fatalities annually. While tumors can be surgically removed and treated with chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy, hormonal therapy, or combined therapies, current treatments often result in toxic side effects in normal tissue. Therefore, researchers are actively seeking ways to selectively eliminate cancerous cells, minimizing the toxic side effects in normal tissue. Caseins and its derivatives have shown promising anti-cancer potential, demonstrating antitumor and cytotoxic effects on cells from various tumor types without causing harm to normal cells. Collectively, these data reveals advancements in the study of caseins and their derivative peptides, particularly providing a comprehensive understanding of the molecular mechanism of action in cancer therapy. These mechanisms occur through various signaling pathways, including (i) the increase of interferon-associated STAT1 signaling, (ii) the suppression of stemness-related markers such as CD44, (iii) the attenuation of the STAT3/HIF1-α signaling, (iv) the down-expression of uPAR and PAI-1, (v) the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and reduced intracellular ATP production, (vi) the increase of caspase-3 activity, and (vii) the suppression of TLR4/NF-кB signaling. Therefore, we conclude that casein could be an effective adjuvant for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Romero-Trejo
- Hematopoiesis and Leukemia Laboratory, Research Unit on Cell Differentiation and Cancer, Faculty of High Studies Zaragoza, National Autonomous University of Mexico, 09230, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Itzen Aguiñiga-Sanchez
- Hematopoiesis and Leukemia Laboratory, Research Unit on Cell Differentiation and Cancer, Faculty of High Studies Zaragoza, National Autonomous University of Mexico, 09230, Mexico City, Mexico
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Faculty of High Studies Zaragoza, National Autonomous University of Mexico, 56410, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Edgar Ledesma-Martínez
- Hematopoiesis and Leukemia Laboratory, Research Unit on Cell Differentiation and Cancer, Faculty of High Studies Zaragoza, National Autonomous University of Mexico, 09230, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Benny Weiss-Steider
- Hematopoiesis and Leukemia Laboratory, Research Unit on Cell Differentiation and Cancer, Faculty of High Studies Zaragoza, National Autonomous University of Mexico, 09230, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Edith Sierra-Mondragón
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics, and Neurosciences, Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute, 07360, Mexico City, DF, Mexico
| | - Edelmiro Santiago-Osorio
- Hematopoiesis and Leukemia Laboratory, Research Unit on Cell Differentiation and Cancer, Faculty of High Studies Zaragoza, National Autonomous University of Mexico, 09230, Mexico City, Mexico.
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7
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Naik A, Thomas R, Sikhondze M, Babiker A, Lattab B, Qasem H, Jafar U, Decock J. The LDHC-STAT3 Signaling Network Is a Key Regulator of Basal-like Breast Cancer Cell Survival. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:2451. [PMID: 39001513 PMCID: PMC11240808 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16132451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer treatment has evolved drastically with the addition of immunotherapy and novel targeted drugs to the current treatment options. However, achieving long-term responses with minimal adverse events remains challenging. Cancer testis antigens (CTAs) offer novel opportunities for drug development thanks to their tumor specificity, immunogenicity, pro-tumorigenic functions, and negative prognostic connotations. We previously reported that lactate dehydrogenase C (LDHC) plays a key role in regulating genomic stability and that targeting LDHC significantly improved treatment response to DNA damage response drugs in breast cancer. Here, we explored the molecular mechanisms associated with LDHC silencing in two basal-like breast cancer cell lines, MDA-MB-468 and BT-549, and a Her2-enriched breast cancer cell line, HCC-1954. Transcriptomic analyses identified the cell line-dependent differential activation of the pro-survival STAT3 pathway following LDHC depletion. While LDHC silencing significantly compromised cell survival in basal-like breast cancer cells in conjunction with a downregulation of STAT3 signaling, the opposite effect was observed in Her2-enriched breast cancer cells, which demonstrated the enhanced activation of the pro-survival STAT3 signaling pathway. The inhibition of STAT3 not only reversed the unfavorable effect of LDHC silencing in the Her2-enriched cancer cells but also demonstrated significant anti-cancer activity when used as a single agent. Our findings suggest that the LDHC-STAT3 signaling axis plays a role in regulating breast tumor cell survival in a subtype-dependent manner. Thus, LDHC-targeted therapy could be a viable therapeutic approach for a subset of breast cancer patients, particularly patients with basal-like breast cancer, whereas patients carrying Her2-enriched tumors may likely benefit more from monotherapy with STAT3 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adviti Naik
- Cancer Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha P.O. Box 34110, Qatar (A.B.); haqa24936@ hbku.edu.qa (H.Q.); (U.J.)
| | - Remy Thomas
- Cancer Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha P.O. Box 34110, Qatar (A.B.); haqa24936@ hbku.edu.qa (H.Q.); (U.J.)
| | - Martin Sikhondze
- Cancer Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha P.O. Box 34110, Qatar (A.B.); haqa24936@ hbku.edu.qa (H.Q.); (U.J.)
| | - Abeer Babiker
- Cancer Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha P.O. Box 34110, Qatar (A.B.); haqa24936@ hbku.edu.qa (H.Q.); (U.J.)
| | - Boucif Lattab
- Cancer Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha P.O. Box 34110, Qatar (A.B.); haqa24936@ hbku.edu.qa (H.Q.); (U.J.)
| | - Hanan Qasem
- Cancer Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha P.O. Box 34110, Qatar (A.B.); haqa24936@ hbku.edu.qa (H.Q.); (U.J.)
- College of Health and Life Sciences (CHLS), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha P.O. Box 34110, Qatar
| | - Umar Jafar
- Cancer Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha P.O. Box 34110, Qatar (A.B.); haqa24936@ hbku.edu.qa (H.Q.); (U.J.)
- College of Health and Life Sciences (CHLS), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha P.O. Box 34110, Qatar
| | - Julie Decock
- Cancer Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha P.O. Box 34110, Qatar (A.B.); haqa24936@ hbku.edu.qa (H.Q.); (U.J.)
- College of Health and Life Sciences (CHLS), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha P.O. Box 34110, Qatar
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Zhao W, Hu X, Chen Z, Li X. Major Facilitator Superfamily Domain Containing 12 Is Overexpressed in Lung Cancer and Exhibits an Oncogenic Role in Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells. DNA Cell Biol 2024; 43:331-340. [PMID: 38687351 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2023.0378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Major facilitator superfamily domain containing 12 (MFSD12) regulates lysosomal cysteine import and promotes the proliferation and survival of melanoma cells. However, the expression and function of MFSD12 in other cancers, particularly in lung cancer, remain unclear. The expression of MFSD12 across various types of cancers and corresponding control tissues was examined using TIMER. MFSD12 expression in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and its correlation with distinct clinicopathological features of LUAD patients were analyzed with UALCAN. The correlation between MFSD12 expression and survival of LUAD patients was assessed using the R package, survival, and the relationship between MFSD12 expression and immune infiltration status in LUAD was investigated using CIBERSORT. In addition, MFSD12 expression was knocked down in PC9 LUAD cells and their proliferation, capacity for expansion, cell cycle, apoptosis, and migration/invasion were evaluated through CCK-8 assays, colony formation assays, 7-AAD staining, Annexin V/PI staining, and Transwell assays, respectively. The stemness of these PC9 cells was determined through Western blotting, flow cytometry, and tumor sphere formation assays. MFSD12 mRNA levels were significantly elevated in multiple types of cancers, including LUAD. MFSD12 expression was also positively correlated with cancer stage, nodal metastasis, and infiltration of various immune cells in LUAD, and high MFSD12 levels predicted poor survival among LUAD patients. Knockdown of MFSD12 in PC9 cells resulted in decreased proliferation, attenuated colony formation capacity, cell cycle arrest, elevated apoptosis, impaired migration/invasion, and reduced stemness in PC9 cells. MFSD12 is an oncogene in LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijun Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Xilin Hu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Zixuan Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Xinjian Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
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Zhao H, Liu Y, Wu Y, Cheng J, Li Y. Inhibition of ASAP1 Modulates the Tumor Immune Microenvironment and Suppresses Lung Cancer Metastasis via the p-STAT3 Signaling Pathway. Cell Biochem Biophys 2024:10.1007/s12013-024-01349-y. [PMID: 38874840 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-024-01349-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
ADP ribosylation factor guanylate kinase 1 (ASAP1), a key protein regulating cell migration and invasion, has attracted extensive attention in oncological research in recent years. This study aims to explore the effects of ASAP1 inhibition on lung cancer metastasis and its potential mechanisms, particularly how it modulates the tumor immune microenvironment through the p-STAT3 signaling pathway. In this study, shRNA technology was employed to specifically inhibit ASAP1 expression in lung cancer cell lines A549, NCI-H1299, and PC-9. The effects of ASAP1 inhibition on lung cancer cell viability, apoptosis, migration, and invasion were evaluated using CCK-8, TUNEL apoptosis detection, and cell migration and invasion assays. Furthermore, animal experiments were conducted to assess the in vivo effects of ASAP1 inhibition on lung cancer metastasis, and immunohistochemical analysis was performed to investigate changes in immune cells in lung metastasis models, further exploring its impact on the tumor immune microenvironment. The experimental results demonstrated that ASAP1 inhibition significantly reduced lung cancer cell viability, induced apoptosis in A549, NCI-H1299, and PC-9 cells, and suppressed the migration and invasion abilities of these cells. In vivo experiments revealed that ASAP1 inhibition effectively suppressed lung cancer metastasis and altered the tumor immune microenvironment by regulating immune cells. Moreover, we found that ASAP1 inhibition could decrease tumor cell proliferation and induce tumor apoptosis in lung metastasis models by inhibiting the p-STAT3 signaling pathway. This study confirms that ASAP1 inhibition can suppress lung cancer metastasis by modulating the tumor immune microenvironment through the inhibition of the p-STAT3 signaling pathway. These findings provide new targets for lung cancer treatment and a theoretical basis for developing novel strategies against lung cancer metastasis. Future research will further explore the mechanisms of ASAP1 in lung cancer metastasis and how to optimize treatment strategies for lung cancer patients by targeting ASAP1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongye Zhao
- The Department of Dermatology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050011, China
| | - Yongcun Liu
- The Department of Surgery, Shijiazhuang Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shijiazhuang, 050011, China
| | - Yunfan Wu
- The Department of Radiation Oncology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050011, China
| | - Jingge Cheng
- The Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050011, China.
| | - Yishuai Li
- The Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of pulmonary disease, Hebei Chest Hospital, Shijiazhuang, 050047, China.
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Rakoczy K, Kaczor J, Sołtyk A, Szymańska N, Stecko J, Drąg-Zalesińska M, Kulbacka J. The Immune Response of Cancer Cells in Breast and Gynecologic Neoplasms. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6206. [PMID: 38892394 PMCID: PMC11172873 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25116206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer diseases constitute a major health problem which leads to the death of millions of people annually. They are unique among other diseases because cancer cells can perfectly adapt to the environment that they create themselves. This environment is usually highly hostile and for normal cells it would be hugely difficult to survive, however neoplastic cells not only can survive but also manage to proliferate. One of the reasons is that they can alter immunological pathways which allow them to be flexible and change their phenotype to the one needed in specific conditions. The aim of this paper is to describe some of these immunological pathways that play significant roles in gynecologic neoplasms as well as review recent research in this field. It is of high importance to possess extensive knowledge about these processes, as greater understanding leads to creating more specialized therapies which may prove highly effective in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Rakoczy
- Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Pasteura 1, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland; (K.R.); (J.K.); (A.S.); (N.S.); (J.S.)
| | - Justyna Kaczor
- Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Pasteura 1, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland; (K.R.); (J.K.); (A.S.); (N.S.); (J.S.)
| | - Adam Sołtyk
- Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Pasteura 1, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland; (K.R.); (J.K.); (A.S.); (N.S.); (J.S.)
| | - Natalia Szymańska
- Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Pasteura 1, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland; (K.R.); (J.K.); (A.S.); (N.S.); (J.S.)
| | - Jakub Stecko
- Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Pasteura 1, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland; (K.R.); (J.K.); (A.S.); (N.S.); (J.S.)
| | - Małgorzata Drąg-Zalesińska
- Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Division of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, T. Chalubińskiego 6a, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Julita Kulbacka
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211a, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
- Department of Immunology and Bioelectrochemistry, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine Santariškių g. 5, LT-08406 Vilnius, Lithuania
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Kuo MY, Dai WC, Chang JL, Chang JS, Lee TM, Chang CC. Fucoxanthin induces human melanoma cytotoxicity by thwarting the JAK2/STAT3/BCL-xL signaling axis. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2024; 39:3356-3366. [PMID: 38444163 DOI: 10.1002/tox.24193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Melanoma is the most lethal skin malignancy. Fucoxanthin is a marine carotenoid with significant anticancer activities. Intriguingly, Fucoxanthin's impact on human melanoma remains elusive. Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (STAT3) represents a promising target in cancer therapy due to its persistent activation in various cancers, including melanoma. Herein, we revealed that Fucoxanthin is cytotoxic to human melanoma cell lines A2758 and A375 while showing limited cytotoxicity to normal human melanocytes. Apoptosis is a primary reason for Fucoxanthin's melanoma cytotoxicity, as the pan-caspase inhibitor z-VAD-fmk drastically abrogated Fucoxanthin-elicited clonogenicity blockage. Besides, Fucoxanthin downregulated tyrosine 705-phosphorylated STAT3 (p-STAT3 (Y705)), either inherently present in melanoma cells or inducible by interleukin 6 (IL-6) stimulation. Notably, ectopic expression of STAT3-C, a dominant-active STAT3 mutant, abolished Fucoxanthin-elicited melanoma cell apoptosis and clonogenicity inhibition, supporting the pivotal role of STAT3 blockage in Fucoxanthin's melanoma cytotoxicity. Moreover, Fucoxanthin lowered BCL-xL levels by blocking STAT3 activation, while ectopic BCL-xL expression rescued melanoma cells from Fucoxanthin-induced killing. Lastly, Fucoxanthin was found to diminish the levels of JAK2 with dual phosphorylation at tyrosine residues 1007 and 1008 in melanoma cells, suggesting that Fucoxanthin impairs STAT3 signaling by blocking JAK2 activation. Collectively, we present the first evidence that Fucoxanthin is cytotoxic selectively against human melanoma cells while sparing normal melanocytes. Mechanistically, Fucoxanthin targets the JAK2/STAT3/BCL-xL antiapoptotic axis to provoke melanoma cell death. This discovery implicates the potential application of Fucoxanthin as a chemopreventive or therapeutic strategy for melanoma management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Yung Kuo
- Pediatric Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, Tungs' Taichung MetroHarbor Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chyi Dai
- Doctoral Program in Biotechnology Industrial Innovation and Management, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jie-Li Chang
- Taichung Municipal Taichung First Senior High School, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jo-Shu Chang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Research Center for Smart Sustainable Circular Economy, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tse-Min Lee
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Che Chang
- Doctoral Program in Biotechnology Industrial Innovation and Management, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Master Program in Precision Health, Doctoral Program in Translational Medicine, Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine, The iEGG and Animal Biotechnology Research Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Traditional Herbal Medicine Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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12
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Jiang J, Xu J, Ou L, Yin C, Wang Y, Shi B. ITM2A inhibits the progression of bladder cancer by downregulating the phosphorylation of STAT3. Am J Cancer Res 2024; 14:2202-2215. [PMID: 38859860 PMCID: PMC11162684 DOI: 10.62347/khcc9690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer stands as one of the prevalent malignancies in urological clinics, highlighting the pressing need to uncover prognostic or therapeutic avenues. ITM2A, a transmembrane protein, has been identified as a suppressor in tumor progression recently. Our study underscored a significant correlation between low ITM2A expression in bladder cancer tissues and high tumor grade, AJCC stage, and poor overall survival time. Additionally, our findings demonstrated that reinstating ITM2A expression impeded cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, while conversely, its suppression enhanced these malignant behaviors. Furthermore, we elucidated that ITM2A could suppress malignant phenotypes of bladder cancer cells via inhibiting activation of the STAT3 induced by IL-6. In conclusion, our research unveiled the mechanistic role of ITM2A in inhibiting tumor progression, shedding light on its potential as a prognostic predictor and therapeutic target in bladder cancer management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahao Jiang
- Department of Urology, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, Clinical College of Anhui Medical UniversityShenzhen, Guangdong, P. R. China
- The Fifth Clinical Medical College of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei, Anhui, P. R. China
- Department of Urology, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital/The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Jinming Xu
- Department of Urology, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital/The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Longhua Ou
- Department of Urology, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital/The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Cong Yin
- Department of Urology, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital/The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Institute of Urology, Shenzhen PKU-HKUST Medical CenterShenzhen, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Bentao Shi
- Department of Urology, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, Clinical College of Anhui Medical UniversityShenzhen, Guangdong, P. R. China
- The Fifth Clinical Medical College of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei, Anhui, P. R. China
- Department of Urology, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital/The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen, Guangdong, P. R. China
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13
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Chen X. From immune equilibrium to tumor ecodynamics. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1335533. [PMID: 38807760 PMCID: PMC11131381 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1335533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives There is no theory to quantitatively describe the complex tumor ecosystem. At the same time, cancer immunotherapy is considered a revolution in oncology, but the methods used to describe tumors and the criteria used to evaluate efficacy are not keeping pace. The purpose of this study is to establish a new theory for quantitatively describing the tumor ecosystem, innovating the methods of tumor characterization, and establishing new efficacy evaluation criteria for cancer immunotherapy. Methods Based on the mathematization of immune equilibrium theory and the establishment of immunodynamics in a previous study, the method of reverse immunodynamics was used, namely, the immune braking force was regarded as the tumor ecological force and the immune force was regarded as the tumor ecological braking force, and the concept of momentum in physics was applied to the tumor ecosystem to establish a series of tumor ecodynamic equations. These equations were used to solve the fundamental and applied problems of the complex tumor ecosystem. Results A series of tumor ecodynamic equations were established. The tumor ecological momentum equations and their component factors could be used to distinguish disease progression, pseudoprogression, and hyperprogression in cancer immunotherapy. On this basis, the adjusted tumor momentum equations were established to achieve the equivalence of tumor activity (including immunosuppressive activity and metabolic activity) and tumor volume, which could be used to calculate individual disease remission rate and establish new efficacy evaluation criteria (ieRECIST) for immunotherapy of solid tumor based on tumor ecodynamics. At the same time, the concept of moving cube-to-force square ratio and its expression were proposed to calculate the area under the curve of tumor ecological braking force of blood required to achieve an individual disease remission rate when the adjusted tumor ecological momentum was known. Conclusions A new theory termed tumor ecodynamics emphasizing both tumor activity and tumor volume is established to solve a series of basic and applied problems in the complex tumor ecosystem. It can be predicted that the future will be the era of cancer immune ecotherapy that targets the entire tumor ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Center for Infection and Immunity, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- CAS Lamvac (Guangzhou) Biomedical Technology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, China
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14
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Tang Y, Liu T, Sun S, Peng Y, Huang X, Wang S, Zhou Z. Role and Mechanism of Growth Differentiation Factor 15 in Chronic Kidney Disease. J Inflamm Res 2024; 17:2861-2871. [PMID: 38741613 PMCID: PMC11090192 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s451398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
GDF-15 is an essential member of the transforming growth factor-beta superfamily. Its functions mainly involve in tissue injury, inflammation, fibrosis, regulation of appetite and weight, development of tumor, and cardiovascular disease. GDF-15 is involved in various signaling pathways, such as MAPK pathway, PI3K/AKT pathway, STAT3 pathway, RET pathway, and SMAD pathway. In addition, several factors such as p53, ROS, and TNF-α participate the regulation of GDF-15. However, the specific mechanism of these factors regulating GDF-15 is still unclear and more research is needed to explore them. GDF-15 mainly improves the function of kidneys in CKD and plays an important role in the prediction of CKD progression and cardiovascular complications. In addition, the role of GDF-15 in the kidney may be related to the SMAD and MAPK pathways. However, the specific mechanism of these pathways remains unclear. Accordingly, more research on the specific mechanism of GDF-15 affecting kidney disease is needed in the future. In conclusion, GDF-15 may be a therapeutic target for kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifang Tang
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tao Liu
- Organ Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shibo Sun
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, People’s Republic of China
| | - Youbo Peng
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxiao Huang
- Department of Nephrology, Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture People’s Hospital, Xishuangbanna, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuangquan Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture People’s Hospital, Xishuangbanna, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhu Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, People’s Republic of China
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15
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Zhou F, Huang L, Li S, Yang W, Chen F, Cai Z, Liu X, Xu W, Lehto V, Lächelt U, Huang R, Shi Y, Lammers T, Tao W, Xu ZP, Wagner E, Xu Z, Yu H. From structural design to delivery: mRNA therapeutics for cancer immunotherapy. EXPLORATION (BEIJING, CHINA) 2024; 4:20210146. [PMID: 38855617 PMCID: PMC11022630 DOI: 10.1002/exp.20210146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
mRNA therapeutics have emerged as powerful tools for cancer immunotherapy in accordance with their superiority in expressing all sequence-known proteins in vivo. In particular, with a small dosage of delivered mRNA, antigen-presenting cells (APCs) can synthesize mutant neo-antigens and multi-antigens and present epitopes to T lymphocytes to elicit antitumor effects. In addition, expressing receptors like chimeric antigen receptor (CAR), T-cell receptor (TCR), CD134, and immune-modulating factors including cytokines, interferons, and antibodies in specific cells can enhance immunological response against tumors. With the maturation of in vitro transcription (IVT) technology, large-scale and pure mRNA encoding specific proteins can be synthesized quickly. However, the clinical translation of mRNA-based anticancer strategies is restricted by delivering mRNA into target organs or cells and the inadequate endosomal escape efficiency of mRNA. Recently, there have been some advances in mRNA-based cancer immunotherapy, which can be roughly classified as modifications of the mRNA structure and the development of delivery systems, especially the lipid nanoparticle platforms. In this review, the latest strategies for overcoming the limitations of mRNA-based cancer immunotherapies and the recent advances in delivering mRNA into specific organs and cells are summarized. Challenges and opportunities for clinical applications of mRNA-based cancer immunotherapy are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Center of Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Lujia Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Center of Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Shiqin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Center of Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
| | - Wenfang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Center of Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
| | - Fangmin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Center of Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Zhixiong Cai
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian ProvinceMengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhouChina
| | - Xiaolong Liu
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian ProvinceMengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhouChina
| | - Wujun Xu
- Department of Applied PhysicsUniversity of Eastern FinlandKuopioFinland
| | - Vesa‐Pekka Lehto
- Department of Applied PhysicsUniversity of Eastern FinlandKuopioFinland
| | - Ulrich Lächelt
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Rongqin Huang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug DeliveryMinistry of Education, Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yang Shi
- Department of Nanomedicine and Theranostics, Institute for Experimental Molecular ImagingRWTH Aachen University ClinicAachenGermany
| | - Twan Lammers
- Department of Nanomedicine and Theranostics, Institute for Experimental Molecular ImagingRWTH Aachen University ClinicAachenGermany
| | - Wei Tao
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anaesthesiology, Brigham and Women's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Zhi Ping Xu
- Institute of Biomedical Health Technology and Engineering and Institute of Systems and Physical BiologyShenzhen Bay LaboratoryShenzhenChina
| | - Ernst Wagner
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Center for NanoscienceLudwig‐Maximilians‐UniversitätMunichGermany
| | - Zhiai Xu
- School of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China Normal UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Haijun Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Center of Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
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16
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Jia J, Zhou X, Chu Q. Mechanisms and therapeutic prospect of the JAK-STAT signaling pathway in liver cancer. Mol Cell Biochem 2024:10.1007/s11010-024-04983-5. [PMID: 38519710 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-024-04983-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
Liver cancer (LC) poses a significant global health challenge due to its high incidence and poor prognosis. Current systemic treatment options, such as surgery, chemotherapy, radiofrequency ablation, and immunotherapy, have shown limited effectiveness for advanced LC patients. Moreover, owing to the heterogeneous nature of LC, it is crucial to uncover more in-depth pathogenic mechanisms and develop effective treatments to address the limitations of the existing therapeutic modalities. Increasing evidence has revealed the crucial role of the Janus kinase (JAK)-signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) pathway in the pathogenesis of LC. The specific mechanisms driving the JAK-STAT pathway activation in LC, participate in a variety of malignant biological processes, including cell differentiation, evasion, anti-apoptosis, immune escape, and treatment resistance. Both preclinical and clinical investigations on the JAK-STAT pathway inhibitors have exhibited potential in LC treatment, thereby opening up avenues for the development of more targeted therapeutic strategies for LC. In this study, we provide an overview of the JAK-STAT pathway, delving into the composition, activation, and dynamic interplay within the pathway. Additionally, we focus on the molecular mechanisms driving the aberrant activation of the JAK-STAT pathway in LC. Furthermore, we summarize the latest advancements in targeting the JAK-STAT pathway for LC treatment. The insights presented in this review aim to underscore the necessity of research into the JAK-STAT signaling pathway as a promising avenue for LC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- JunJun Jia
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Xuelian Zhou
- Division of Endocrinology, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Qingfei Chu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
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17
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Di Crosta M, Arena A, Benedetti R, Gilardini Montani MS, Cirone M. 5-AZA Upregulates SOCS3 and PTPN6/SHP1, Inhibiting STAT3 and Potentiating the Effects of AG490 against Primary Effusion Lymphoma Cells. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:2468-2479. [PMID: 38534772 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46030156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic modifications, including aberrant DNA methylation occurring at the promoters of oncogenes and oncosuppressor genes and histone modifications, can contribute to carcinogenesis. Aberrant methylation mediated by histone methylatransferases, alongside histones, can affect methylation of proteins involved in the regulation of pro-survival pathways such as JAK/STAT and contribute to their activation. In this study, we used DNA or histone demethylating agents, 5-Azacytidine (5-AZA) or DS-3201 (valemetostat), respectively, to treat primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) cells, alone or in combination with AG490, a Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) inhibitor. Cell viability was investigated by trypan blue assay and FACS analysis. The molecular changes induced by 5-AZA and/or AG490 treatments were investigated by Western blot analysis, while cytokine release by PEL cells treated by these drugs was evaluated by Luminex. Statistical analyses were performed with Graphpad Prism® software (version 9) and analyzed by Student's t test or a nonparametric one-way ANOVA test. The results obtained in this study suggest that 5-AZA upregulated molecules that inhibit STAT3 tyrosine phosphorylation, namely Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling 3 (SOCS3) and tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type (PTPN) 6/Src homology region 2 domain-containing phosphatase-1 (SHP-1), reducing STAT3 activation and downregulating several STAT3 pro-survival targets in PEL cells. As this lymphoma is highly dependent on the constitutive activation of STAT3, 5-AZA impaired PEL cell survival, and when used in combination with AG490 JAK2/STAT3 inhibitor, it potentiated its cytotoxic effect. Differently from 5-AZA, the inhibition of the EZH1/2 histone methyltransferase by DS-3201, reported to contribute to STAT3 activation in other cancers, slightly affected STAT3 phosphorylation or survival in PEL cells, either alone or in combination with AG490. This study suggests that 5-AZA, by upregulating the expression level of SOCS3 and PTPN6/SHP1, reduced STAT3 activation and improved the outcome of treatment targeting this transcription factor in PEL cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Di Crosta
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Arena
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Rossella Benedetti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Mara Cirone
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
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18
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Kolb T, Müller S, Möller P, Barth TFE, Marienfeld R. Molecular heterogeneity in histomorphologic subtypes of lung adeno carcinoma represents a challenge for treatment decision. Neoplasia 2024; 49:100955. [PMID: 38310709 PMCID: PMC10848034 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2023.100955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause in cancer related death, with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) being the most frequent subtype. The importance of NSCLC is reflected by the various targeted therapy options especially for NSCLC adenocarcinomas (lung adeno carcinoma (LUAD)) as well as a set of options for immune therapies. However, despite these therapy advances, the majority of patients do not show a long-term response to either targeted therapy or immune checkpoint inhibition. One reason for treatment failure appears to be the NSCLC tumor heterogeneity. NSCLC heterogeneity might lead to an insufficient molecular characterization of a given sample due to the limited tumor material used for pathological assessment as the majority of analyses is performed on small biopsies. To get a more detailed insight into the tumor heterogeneity of NSCLC LUAD, especially in the light of its different histomorphological growth patterns, we analysed isolated NSCLC growth pattern areas and the corresponding entire tumor samples of a cohort of 31 NSLCS LUAD patients and compared their mutational landscape and their expression profiles. While significant differences of complex biomarkers, like tumor mutational burden (TMB) or microsatellite instability (MSI), were not detected between the five growth patterns -lepidic, papillary, micropapillary, acinar, and solid- we observed various subclonal mutations and copy number variants. Moreover, RNASeq analysis revealed growth pattern specific expression profiles affecting cellular processes like apoptosis, metastasis and proliferation. Taken together, our data provide novel insights into the tumor heterogeneity of LUAD required to overcome tumor heterogeneity related therapy resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Kolb
- Institute of Pathology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Sarah Müller
- Institute of Pathology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Peter Möller
- Institute of Pathology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
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19
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Hogan CH, Owens SM, Reynoso GV, Liao Y, Meyer TJ, Zelazowska MA, Liu B, Li X, Grosskopf AK, Khairallah C, Kirillov V, Reich NC, Sheridan BS, McBride KM, Gewurz BE, Hickman HD, Forrest JC, Krug LT. Multifaceted roles for STAT3 in gammaherpesvirus latency revealed through in vivo B cell knockout models. mBio 2024; 15:e0299823. [PMID: 38170993 PMCID: PMC10870824 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.02998-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancers associated with the oncogenic gammaherpesviruses, Epstein-Barr virus and Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus, are notable for their constitutive activation of the transcription factor signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3). To better understand the role of STAT3 during gammaherpesvirus latency and the B cell response to infection, we used the model pathogen murine gammaherpesvirus 68 (MHV68). Genetic deletion of STAT3 in B cells of CD19cre/+Stat3f/f mice reduced peak MHV68 latency approximately sevenfold. However, infected CD19cre/+Stat3f/f mice exhibited disordered germinal centers and heightened virus-specific CD8 T cell responses compared to wild-type (WT) littermates. To circumvent the systemic immune alterations observed in the B cell-STAT3 knockout mice and more directly evaluate intrinsic roles for STAT3, we generated mixed bone marrow chimeric mice consisting of WT and STAT3 knockout B cells. We discovered a dramatic reduction in latency in STAT3 knockout B cells compared to their WT B cell counterparts in the same lymphoid organ. RNA sequencing of sorted germinal center B cells revealed that MHV68 infection shifts the gene signature toward proliferation and away from type I and type II IFN responses. Loss of STAT3 largely reversed the virus-driven transcriptional shift without impacting the viral gene expression program. STAT3 promoted B cell processes of the germinal center, including IL-21-stimulated downregulation of surface CD23 on B cells infected with MHV68 or EBV. Together, our data provide mechanistic insights into the role of STAT3 as a latency determinant in B cells for oncogenic gammaherpesviruses.IMPORTANCEThere are no directed therapies to the latency program of the human gammaherpesviruses, Epstein-Barr virus and Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus. Activated host factor signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is a hallmark of cancers caused by these viruses. We applied the murine gammaherpesvirus pathogen system to explore STAT3 function upon primary B cell infection in the host. Since STAT3 deletion in all CD19+ B cells of infected mice led to altered B and T cell responses, we generated chimeric mice with both normal and STAT3-deleted B cells. B cells lacking STAT3 failed to support virus latency compared to normal B cells from the same infected animal. Loss of STAT3 impaired B cell proliferation and differentiation and led to a striking upregulation of interferon-stimulated genes. These findings expand our understanding of STAT3-dependent processes that are key to its function as a pro-viral latency determinant for oncogenic gammaherpesviruses in B cells and may provide novel therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chad H. Hogan
- Graduate Program in Genetics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
- HIV & AIDS Malignancy Branch, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Shana M. Owens
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Glennys V. Reynoso
- Viral Immunity and Pathogenesis Unit, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Yifei Liao
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Thomas J. Meyer
- CCR Collaborative Bioinformatics Resource, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Advanced Biomedical Computational Science, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Monika A. Zelazowska
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Xiaofan Li
- HIV & AIDS Malignancy Branch, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Anna K. Grosskopf
- HIV & AIDS Malignancy Branch, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Camille Khairallah
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Varvara Kirillov
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Nancy C. Reich
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Brian S. Sheridan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Kevin M. McBride
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Benjamin E. Gewurz
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Program in Virology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Heather D. Hickman
- Viral Immunity and Pathogenesis Unit, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - J. Craig Forrest
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Laurie T. Krug
- HIV & AIDS Malignancy Branch, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
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Jung YY, Kim C, Shanmugam MK, Deivasigamani A, Chinnathambi A, Alharbi SA, Rangappa KS, Hui KM, Sethi G, Mohan CD, Ahn KS. Leonurine ameliorates the STAT3 pathway through the upregulation of SHP-1 to retard the growth of hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Cell Signal 2024; 114:111003. [PMID: 38048857 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.111003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is a transcription factor that directs the transcription of genes involved in the promotion of cell survival and proliferation, inflammation, angiogenesis, invasion, and migration. Overactivation of STAT3 is often witnessed in human cancers, thereby making it a good target in oncology. Herein the efficacy of Leonurine (Leo), a bioactive alkaloid present in Herba leonuri, was investigated for its STAT3-inhibitory potential in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. Leo downregulated the persistent as well as IL-6-driven activation of STAT3. Leo abrogated the nuclear localization and DNA interacting ability of STAT3. Leo was also found to impart STAT3 inhibition by mitigating the activation of upstream kinases such as JAK1, JAK2, and Src both in constitutive and IL-6 inducible systems. Leo curbed the STAT3-driven luciferase gene expression and the depletion of STAT3 resulted in the reduced responsiveness of HCC cells to Leo. Pervanadate exposure counteracted Leo-induced STAT3 inhibition suggesting the involvement of a protein tyrosine phosphatase. SHP-1 was significantly elevated upon Leo exposure whereas the depletion of SHP-1 was found to revert the effect of Leo on STAT3. Leo induced apoptosis and also significantly potentiated the cytotoxic effect of paclitaxel, doxorubicin, and sorafenib. Leo was found to be non-toxic up to the dose of 10 mg/kg in NCr nude mice. In conclusion, Leo was demonstrated to induce cytotoxicity in HCC cells by mitigating the persistent of activation of STAT3 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Yun Jung
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 24 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Chulwon Kim
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 24 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Muthu K Shanmugam
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore
| | - Amudha Deivasigamani
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Research, Humphrey Oei Institute of Cancer Research, National Cancer Centre, Singapore
| | - Arunachalam Chinnathambi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box -2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sulaiman Ali Alharbi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box -2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kanchugarakoppal S Rangappa
- Institution of Excellence, Vijnana Bhavan, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore 570006, Karnataka, India
| | - Kam Man Hui
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Research, Humphrey Oei Institute of Cancer Research, National Cancer Centre, Singapore
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore
| | - Chakrabhavi Dhananjaya Mohan
- Department of Studies in Molecular Biology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore 570006, Karnataka, India.
| | - Kwang Seok Ahn
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 24 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea.
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Adesoye T, Tripathy D, Hunt KK, Keyomarsi K. Exploring Novel Frontiers: Leveraging STAT3 Signaling for Advanced Cancer Therapeutics. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:492. [PMID: 38339245 PMCID: PMC10854592 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16030492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (STAT3) plays a significant role in diverse physiologic processes, including cell proliferation, differentiation, angiogenesis, and survival. STAT3 activation via phosphorylation of tyrosine and serine residues is a complex and tightly regulated process initiated by upstream signaling pathways with ligand binding to receptor and non-receptor-linked kinases. Through downstream deregulation of target genes, aberrations in STAT3 activation are implicated in tumorigenesis, metastasis, and recurrence in multiple cancers. While there have been extensive efforts to develop direct and indirect STAT3 inhibitors using novel drugs as a therapeutic strategy, direct clinical application remains in evolution. In this review, we outline the mechanisms of STAT3 activation, the resulting downstream effects in physiologic and malignant settings, and therapeutic strategies for targeting STAT3. We also summarize the pre-clinical and clinical evidence of novel drug therapies targeting STAT3 and discuss the challenges of establishing their therapeutic efficacy in the current clinical landscape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taiwo Adesoye
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Debasish Tripathy
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Kelly K. Hunt
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Khandan Keyomarsi
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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22
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Marié IJ, Lahiri T, Önder Ö, Elenitoba-Johnson KS, Levy DE. Structural determinants of mitochondrial STAT3 targeting and function. MITOCHONDRIAL COMMUNICATIONS 2024; 2:1-13. [PMID: 38500969 PMCID: PMC10947224 DOI: 10.1016/j.mitoco.2024.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 3 has been found within mitochondria in addition to its canonical role of shuttling between cytoplasm and nucleus during cytokine signaling. Mitochondrial STAT3 has been implicated in modulation of cellular metabolism, largely through effects on the respiratory electron transport chain. However, the structural requirements underlying mitochondrial targeting and function have remained unclear. Here, we show that mitochondrial STAT3 partitions between mitochondrial compartments defined by differential detergent solubility, suggesting that mitochondrial STAT3 is membrane associated. The majority of STAT3 was found in an SDS soluble fraction copurifying with respiratory chain proteins, including numerous components of the complex I NADH dehydrogenase, while a minor component was found with proteins of the mitochondrial translation machinery. Mitochondrial targeting of STAT3 required the amino-terminal domain, and an internal linker domain motif also directed mitochondrial translocation. However, neither the phosphorylation of serine 727 nor the presence of mitochondrial DNA was required for the mitochondrial localization of STAT3. Two cysteine residues in the STAT3 SH2 domain, which have been previously suggested to be targets for protein palmitoylation, were also not required for mitochondrial translocation, but were required for its function as an enhancer of complex I activity. These structural determinants of STAT3 mitochondrial targeting and function provide potential therapeutic targets for disrupting the activity of mitochondrial STAT3 in diseases such as cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle J. Marié
- Department of Pathology and Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10128, USA
| | - Tanaya Lahiri
- Department of Pathology and Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10128, USA
| | - Özlem Önder
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Kojo S.J. Elenitoba-Johnson
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - David E. Levy
- Department of Pathology and Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10128, USA
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Janin M, Davalos V, Esteller M. Cancer metastasis under the magnifying glass of epigenetics and epitranscriptomics. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2023; 42:1071-1112. [PMID: 37369946 PMCID: PMC10713773 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-023-10120-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Most of the cancer-associated mortality and morbidity can be attributed to metastasis. The role of epigenetic and epitranscriptomic alterations in cancer origin and progression has been extensively demonstrated during the last years. Both regulations share similar mechanisms driven by DNA or RNA modifiers, namely writers, readers, and erasers; enzymes responsible of respectively introducing, recognizing, or removing the epigenetic or epitranscriptomic modifications. Epigenetic regulation is achieved by DNA methylation, histone modifications, non-coding RNAs, chromatin accessibility, and enhancer reprogramming. In parallel, regulation at RNA level, named epitranscriptomic, is driven by a wide diversity of chemical modifications in mostly all RNA molecules. These two-layer regulatory mechanisms are finely controlled in normal tissue, and dysregulations are associated with every hallmark of human cancer. In this review, we provide an overview of the current state of knowledge regarding epigenetic and epitranscriptomic alterations governing tumor metastasis, and compare pathways regulated at DNA or RNA levels to shed light on a possible epi-crosstalk in cancer metastasis. A deeper understanding on these mechanisms could have important clinical implications for the prevention of advanced malignancies and the management of the disseminated diseases. Additionally, as these epi-alterations can potentially be reversed by small molecules or inhibitors against epi-modifiers, novel therapeutic alternatives could be envisioned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Janin
- Cancer Epigenetics Group, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), IJC Building, Germans Trias I Pujol, Ctra de Can Ruti, Cami de Les Escoles S/N, 08916 Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red Cancer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Veronica Davalos
- Cancer Epigenetics Group, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), IJC Building, Germans Trias I Pujol, Ctra de Can Ruti, Cami de Les Escoles S/N, 08916 Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manel Esteller
- Cancer Epigenetics Group, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), IJC Building, Germans Trias I Pujol, Ctra de Can Ruti, Cami de Les Escoles S/N, 08916 Badalona, Barcelona, Spain.
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red Cancer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain.
- Institucio Catalana de Recerca I Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
- Physiological Sciences Department, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
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Sun SQ, Du FX, Zhang LH, Hao-Shi, Gu FY, Deng YL, Ji YZ. Prevention of STAT3-related pathway in SK-N-SH cells by natural product astaxanthin. BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:430. [PMID: 38031104 PMCID: PMC10685499 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-04267-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most common solid malignancy in children. Despite current intensive treatment, the long-term event-free survival rate is less than 50% in these patients. Thus, patients with NB urgently need more valid treatment strategies. Previous research has shown that STAT3 may be an effective target in high-risk NB patients. However, there are no effective inhibitors in clinical evaluation with low toxicity and few side effects. Astaxanthin is a safe and natural anticancer product. In this study, we investigated whether astaxanthin could exert antitumor effects in the SK-N-SH neuroblastoma cancer cell line. METHOD MTT and colony formation assays were used to determine the effect of astaxanthin on the proliferation and colony formation of SK-N-SH cells. Flow cytometry assays were used to detect the apoptosis of SK-N-SH cells. The migration and invasion ability of SK-N-SH cells were detected by migration and invasion assays. Western blot and RT-PCR were used to detect the protein and mRNA levels. Animal experiments were carried out and cell apoptosis in tissues were assessed using a TUNEL assay. RESULT We confirmed that astaxanthin repressed proliferation, clone formation ability, migration and invasion and induced apoptosis in SK-N-SH cells through the STAT3 pathway. Furthermore, the highest inhibitory effect was observed when astaxanthin was combined with si-STAT3. The reason for this may be that the combination of astaxanthin and si-STAT3 can lower STAT3 expression further than astaxanthin or si-STAT3 alone. CONCLUSION Astaxanthin can exert anti-tumor effect on SK-N-SH cells. The inhibitory effect was the higher when astaxanthin was combined with si-STAT3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Qian Sun
- School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, No. 5 Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Feng-Xiang Du
- Biochemical Engineering College, Beijng Union University, Beijing, 100023, China
| | - Li-Hua Zhang
- Biochemical Engineering College, Beijng Union University, Beijing, 100023, China
| | - Hao-Shi
- Biochemical Engineering College, Beijng Union University, Beijing, 100023, China
| | - Fu-Ying Gu
- Biochemical Engineering College, Beijng Union University, Beijing, 100023, China
| | - Yu-Lin Deng
- School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, No. 5 Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Yi-Zhi Ji
- Biochemical Engineering College, Beijng Union University, Beijing, 100023, China.
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Carter-Su C, Argetsinger LS, Svezhova N. 2022 Cannon lecture: an ode to signal transduction: how the growth hormone pathway revealed insight into height, malignancy, and obesity. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2023; 325:E425-E437. [PMID: 37672248 PMCID: PMC10874654 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00265.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
Walter Cannon was a highly regarded American neurologist and physiologist with extremely broad interests. In the tradition of Cannon and his broad interests, we discuss our laboratory's multifaceted work in signal transduction over the past 40+ years. We show how our questioning of how growth hormone (GH) in the blood communicates with cells throughout the body to promote body growth and regulate body metabolism led to insight into not only body height but also important regulators of malignancy and body weight. Highlights include finding that 1) A critical initiating step in GH signal transduction is GH activating the GH receptor-associated tyrosine kinase JAK2; 2) GH activation of JAK2 leads to activation of a number of signaling proteins, including STAT transcription factors; 3) JAK2 is autophosphorylated on multiple tyrosines that regulate the activity of JAK2 and recruit signaling proteins to GH/GH receptor/JAK2 complexes; 4) Constitutively activated STAT proteins are associated with cancer; 5) GH activation of JAK2 recruits the adapter protein SH2B1 to GH/GH receptor/JAK2 complexes where it facilitates GH regulation of the actin cytoskeleton and motility; and 6) SH2B1 is recruited to other receptors in the brain, where it enhances satiety, most likely in part by regulating leptin action and neuronal connections of appetite-regulating neurons. These findings have led to increased understanding of how GH functions, as well as therapeutic interventions for certain cancer and obese individuals, thereby reinforcing the great importance of supporting basic research since one never knows ahead of time what important insight it can provide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christin Carter-Su
- University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States
| | | | - Nadezhda Svezhova
- University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States
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Huang S, Sun M, Ren Y, Luo T, Wang X, Weng G, Cen D. Solamargine induces apoptosis of human renal carcinoma cells via downregulating phosphorylated STAT3 expression. Oncol Lett 2023; 26:493. [PMID: 37854861 PMCID: PMC10579987 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2023.14080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Solamargine (SM), an active compound derived from Solanum nigrum, triggers apoptosis and inhibits the metastatic and oxidative activities of various types of tumor cells. However, the effect of SM on human renal carcinoma cells remains unknown. In the present study, the molecular mechanisms underlying the antitumor effects of SM on ACHN and 786-O cells were elucidated. Specifically, MTT and colony formation assays were conducted to evaluate the impact of SM treatment on the proliferation of ACHN and 786-O cells, and flow cytometry was conducted to determine the influence of SM on the apoptosis rates of these cells. In addition, the expression of target proteins was determined by western blotting. The results revealed that SM not only inhibited cell viability but also promoted the apoptosis of ACHN and 786-O cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Moreover, treatment of ACHN and 786-O cells with SM significantly enhanced the caspase-3, caspase-8 and caspase-9 activities. Furthermore, SM downregulated the expression of phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (p-STAT3) and Bcl-2 but increased the expression of cleaved caspase-3, -8, -9 and Bax. BAY2353, a p-STAT3 inhibitor, inhibited the viability of ACHN and 786-O cells, increased the expression of cleaved caspase-9 and Bax and decreased the expression of p-STAT3 and Bcl-2. Further experiments demonstrated that SM inhibited tumor growth in xenograft nude mice without causing specific toxicity to the major organs. Collectively, these findings indicated that SM not only inhibited the viability but also promoted the apoptosis of ACHN and 786-O cells, through a mechanism involving downregulation of p-STAT3 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuaishuai Huang
- Laboratory of Renal Carcinoma, Ningbo Yinzhou No. 2 Hospital, Urology and Nephrology Institute of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315100, P.R. China
| | - Minyi Sun
- Laboratory of Renal Carcinoma, Ningbo Yinzhou No. 2 Hospital, Urology and Nephrology Institute of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315100, P.R. China
| | - Yu Ren
- Laboratory of Renal Carcinoma, Ningbo Yinzhou No. 2 Hospital, Urology and Nephrology Institute of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315100, P.R. China
| | - Ting Luo
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Ningbo Yinzhou No. 2 Hospital, Urology and Nephrology Institute of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315100, P.R. China
| | - Xue Wang
- Laboratory of Renal Carcinoma, Ningbo Yinzhou No. 2 Hospital, Urology and Nephrology Institute of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315100, P.R. China
| | - Guobin Weng
- Laboratory of Renal Carcinoma, Ningbo Yinzhou No. 2 Hospital, Urology and Nephrology Institute of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315100, P.R. China
| | - Dong Cen
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Ningbo Yinzhou No. 2 Hospital, Urology and Nephrology Institute of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315100, P.R. China
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Baccianti F, Masson C, Delecluse S, Li Z, Poirey R, Delecluse HJ. Epstein-Barr virus infectious particles initiate B cell transformation and modulate cytokine response. mBio 2023; 14:e0178423. [PMID: 37830871 PMCID: PMC10653912 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.01784-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE The Epstein-Barr virus efficiently infects and transforms B lymphocytes. During this process, infectious viral particles transport the viral genome to the nucleus of target cells. We show here that these complex viral structures serve additional crucial roles by activating transcription of the transforming genes encoded by the virus. We show that components of the infectious particle sequentially activate proinflammatory B lymphocyte signaling pathways that, in turn, activate viral gene expression but also cause cytokine release. However, virus infection activates expression of ZFP36L1, an RNA-binding stress protein that limits the length and the intensity of the cytokine response. Thus, the infectious particles can activate viral gene expression and initiate cellular transformation at the price of a limited immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Baccianti
- Pathogenesis of Virus Associated Tumors, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Unit U1074, INSERM, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Charlène Masson
- Pathogenesis of Virus Associated Tumors, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Unit U1074, INSERM, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Susanne Delecluse
- Pathogenesis of Virus Associated Tumors, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Unit U1074, INSERM, Heidelberg, Germany
- Nierenzentrum Heidelberg e.V., Heidelberg, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Infektionsforschung (DZIF), Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Zhe Li
- Pathogenesis of Virus Associated Tumors, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Unit U1074, INSERM, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Remy Poirey
- Pathogenesis of Virus Associated Tumors, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Unit U1074, INSERM, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Henri-Jacques Delecluse
- Pathogenesis of Virus Associated Tumors, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Unit U1074, INSERM, Heidelberg, Germany
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Nasrolahi A, Khojasteh Pour F, Mousavi Salehi A, Kempisty B, Hajizadeh M, Feghhi M, Azizidoost S, Farzaneh M. Potential roles of lncRNA MALAT1-miRNA interactions in ocular diseases. J Cell Commun Signal 2023:10.1007/s12079-023-00787-2. [PMID: 37870615 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-023-00787-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are non-protein coding transcripts that are longer than 200 nucleotides in length. LncRNAs are implicated in gene expression at the transcriptional, translational, and epigenetic levels, and thereby impact different cellular processes including cell proliferation, migration, apoptosis, angiogenesis, and immune response. In recent years, numerous studies have demonstrated the significant contribution of lncRNAs to the pathogenesis and progression of various diseases, such as stroke, heart disease, and cancer. Further investigations have shown that lncRNAs have altered expression patterns in ocular tissues and cell lines during pathological conditions. The pathogenesis of various ocular diseases, including glaucoma, cataract, corneal diseases, proliferative vitreoretinopathy, diabetic retinopathy, and retinoblastoma, is influenced by the involvement of specific lncRNAs which play a critical role in the development and progression of these diseases. Metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) is a well-researched lncRNA in the context of ocular diseases, which has been shown to exert its biological effects through several signaling pathways and downstream targets. The present review provides a comprehensive summary of the molecular mechanisms underlying the biological functions and roles of MALAT1 in ocular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ava Nasrolahi
- Infectious Ophthalmologic Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Khojasteh Pour
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Abdolah Mousavi Salehi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Bartosz Kempisty
- Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Division of Anatomy, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Surgery, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Torun, Poland
- North Carolina State University College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Maryam Hajizadeh
- Infectious Ophthalmologic Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Department of Ophthalmology, Imam Khomeini Hospital, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mostafa Feghhi
- Infectious Ophthalmologic Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Department of Ophthalmology, Imam Khomeini Hospital, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Shirin Azizidoost
- Atherosclerosis Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Maryam Farzaneh
- Fertility, Infertility and Perinatology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
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29
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Wądzyńska J, Simiczyjew A, Pietraszek-Gremplewicz K, Kot M, Ziętek M, Matkowski R, Nowak D. The impact of cellular elements of TME on melanoma biology and its sensitivity to EGFR and MET targeted therapy. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2023; 1870:119549. [PMID: 37506884 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2023.119549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Microenvironment of the melanoma consists of cellular elements like fibroblasts, adipocytes, and keratinocytes as well as extracellular matrix and physicochemical conditions. In our previous research, we have established that melanoma influences strongly above mentioned cells present in the tumor niche and recruits them to support cancer progression. In this work, we evaluated the impact of cancer-associated cells, namely fibroblasts (CAFs), adipocytes (CAAs), and keratinocytes (CAKs) on melanoma proliferation, signaling pathways activation, metabolism as well as the effectiveness of used anti-cancer therapy. Obtained results indicated elevated phosphorylation of STAT3, upregulated GLUT1 and GLUT3 as well as downregulated of MCT-1 expression level in melanoma cells under the influence of all examined cells present in the tumor niche. The proliferation of melanoma cells was increased after co-culture with CAFs and CAKs, while epithelial-mesenchymal transition markers' expression level was raised in the presence of CAFs and CAAs. The level of perilipin 2 and lipid content was elevated in melanoma cells under the influence of CAAs. Moreover, increased expression of CYP1A1, gene encoding drug metabolizing protein, in melanoma cells co-cultured with CAFs and CAKs prompted us to verify the effectiveness of the previously proposed by us anti-melanoma therapy based on combination of EGFR and MET inhibitors. Obtained results indicate that the designed therapy is still efficient, even if the fibroblasts, adipocytes, and keratinocytes, are present in the melanoma vicinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Wądzyńska
- Department of Cell Pathology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Joliot-Curie 14a, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Aleksandra Simiczyjew
- Department of Cell Pathology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Joliot-Curie 14a, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland
| | | | - Magdalena Kot
- Department of Cell Pathology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Joliot-Curie 14a, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Marcin Ziętek
- Department of Oncology and Division of Surgical Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, Plac Hirszfelda 12, 53-413 Wroclaw, Poland; Lower Silesian Oncology, Pulmonology, and Hematology Center, Plac Hirszfelda 12, 53-413 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Rafał Matkowski
- Department of Oncology and Division of Surgical Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, Plac Hirszfelda 12, 53-413 Wroclaw, Poland; Lower Silesian Oncology, Pulmonology, and Hematology Center, Plac Hirszfelda 12, 53-413 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Dorota Nowak
- Department of Cell Pathology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Joliot-Curie 14a, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland.
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Hsieh YC, Dai YC, Cheng KT, Yang WT, Ramani MV, Subbaraju GV, Chen YJ, Chang CC. Blockade of the SRC/STAT3/BCL-2 Signaling Axis Sustains the Cytotoxicity in Human Colorectal Cancer Cell Lines Induced by Dehydroxyhispolon Methyl Ether. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2530. [PMID: 37760971 PMCID: PMC10526010 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11092530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most prevalent human cancer globally. 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU)-based systemic chemotherapy is the primary strategy for advanced CRC treatment, yet is limited by poor response rate. Deregulated activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is fundamental to driving CRC malignant transformation and a poor prognostic marker for CRC, underscoring STAT3 as a promising CRC drug target. Dehydroxyhispolon methyl ether (DHME) is an analog of Hispolon, an anticancer polyphenol abundant in the medicinal mushroom Phellinus linteus. Previously, we have established DHME's cytotoxic effect on human CRC cell lines by eliciting apoptosis through the blockade of WNT/β-catenin signaling, a preeminent CRC oncogenic pathway. Herein, we unraveled that compared with 5-FU, DHME is a more potent killer of CRC cells while being much less toxic to normal colon epithelial cells. DHME suppressed both constitutive and interleukin 6 (IL-6)-induced STAT3 activation represented by tyrosine 705 phosphorylation of STAT3 (p-STAT3 (Y705)); notably, DHME-induced CRC apoptosis and clonogenicity limitation were abrogated by ectopic expression of STAT3-C, a dominant-active STAT3 mutant. Additionally, we proved that BCL-2 downregulation caused by DHME-mediated STAT3 blockage is responsible for DHME-induced CRC cell apoptosis. Lastly, DHME inhibited SRC activation, and v-src overexpression restored p-STAT3 (Y705) levels along with lowering the levels of apoptosis in DHME-treated CRC cells. We conclude DHME provokes CRC cell apoptosis by blocking the SRC/STAT3/BCL-2 axis besides thwarting WNT/β-catenin signaling. The notion that DHME targets two fundamental CRC signaling pathways underpins the potential of DHME as a CRC chemotherapy agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Chu Hsieh
- Doctoral Program in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402202, Taiwan;
| | - Yuan-Chang Dai
- Department of Pathology, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi 600566, Taiwan;
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi 600566, Taiwan
- Doctoral Program in Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402202, Taiwan
| | - Kur-Ta Cheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan;
| | - Wei-Ting Yang
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402202, Taiwan;
| | - Modukuri V. Ramani
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam 530003, India; (M.V.R.); (G.V.S.)
| | | | - Yi-Ju Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 407219, Taiwan
- Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402202, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Che Chang
- Doctoral Program in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402202, Taiwan;
- Doctoral Program in Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402202, Taiwan
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402202, Taiwan;
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Doctoral Program in Translational Medicine, Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine, The iEGG and Animal Biotechnology Research Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402202, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 413305, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404333, Taiwan
- Traditional Herbal Medicine Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
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Ryoo GH, Kim GJ, Han AR, Jin CH, Lee H, Nam JW, Choi H, Jung CH. Antimetastatic activity of seongsanamide B in γ-irradiated human lung cancer. Heliyon 2023; 9:e20179. [PMID: 37809399 PMCID: PMC10559954 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer, which has a high incidence and mortality rates, often metastasizes and exhibits resistance to radiation therapy. Seongsanamide B has conformational features that suggest it has therapeutic potential; however, its antitumor activity has not yet been reported. We evaluated the possibility of seongsanamide B as a radiation therapy efficiency enhancer to suppress γ-irradiation-induced metastasis in non-small cell lung cancer. Seongsanamide B suppressed non-small cell lung cancer cell migration and invasion caused by γ-irradiation. Furthermore, it suppressed γ-irradiation-induced upregulation of Bcl-XL and its downstream signaling molecules, such as superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) and phosphorylated Src, by blocking the nuclear translocation of phosphorylated STAT3. Additionally, seongsanamide B markedly modulated the γ-irradiation-induced upregulation of E-cadherin and vimentin. Consistent with the results obtained in vitro, while seongsanamide B did not affect xenograft tumor growth, it significantly suppressed γ-irradiation-induced metastasis by inhibiting Bcl-XL/SOD2/phosphorylated-Src expression and modulating E-cadherin and vimentin expression in a mouse model. Thus, seongsanamide B may demonstrate potential applicability as a radiation therapy efficiency enhancer for lung cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ga-Hee Ryoo
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup-si, Jeollabuk-do, 56212, South Korea
| | - Geum Jin Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do, 38541, South Korea
- Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do, 38541, South Korea
| | - Ah-Reum Han
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup-si, Jeollabuk-do, 56212, South Korea
| | - Chang Hyun Jin
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup-si, Jeollabuk-do, 56212, South Korea
| | - Hunmin Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do, 38541, South Korea
| | - Joo-Won Nam
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do, 38541, South Korea
| | - Hyukjae Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do, 38541, South Korea
- Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do, 38541, South Korea
| | - Chan-Hun Jung
- Jeonju AgroBio-Materials Institute, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do, 54810, South Korea
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Wu A, Fang D, Liu Y, Shi X, Zhong Z, Zhou B, Ye L, Sun X, Jiang L. Nuclear translocation of thioredoxin-1 promotes colorectal cancer development via modulation of the IL-6/STAT3 signaling axis through interaction with STAT3. Theranostics 2023; 13:4730-4744. [PMID: 37771783 PMCID: PMC10526669 DOI: 10.7150/thno.85460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Thioredoxin 1 (Trx-1) is a small redox protein predominantly localized in the cytoplasm. Its expression is increased in several cancers, including colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the function of Trx-1 translocation to the nucleus in cancer is not clear. In this study, we investigated the role of Trx-1 nuclear translocation in development of CRC. Methods: Expression of Trx-1 and STAT3 was analyzed by Western blot and immunofluorescence. Endogenous interaction of Trx-1, STAT3, and karyopherin α1 in CRC cells was analyzed by co-immunoprecipitation. Trx-1 and pSTAT3 nuclear staining in human CRC tissues was analyzed by immunohistochemistry. A mouse model of AOM/DSS induced colitis-associated cancer (CAC) was utilized to investigate the antitumor effect of PX-12, a Trx-1 inhibitor. A knockin mouse with the Txn1(KK81-82EE) mutation was generated via CRISPR/Cas9, and CAC was induced in knockin and wild-type mice. Results: Nuclear translocation of Trx-1 was induced by IL-6, and inhibition of this translocation reversed IL-6-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, invasion and metastasis. Karyopherin α1 was found to specifically mediate IL-6-induced translocation of the Trx-1-pSTAT3 complex into the nucleus. Nuclear Trx-1 expression was closely correlated with lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis in human CRC. In addition, nuclear staining of Trx-1 showed significant positive correlation with nuclear staining of pSTAT3 in human CRC tissues. PX-12, an inhibitor of Trx-1, significantly impaired the activation of STAT3 and suppressed the development of AOM/DSS-induced CAC in mice. Moreover, AOM/DSS-induced nuclear Trx-1 expression was suppressed in Txn1(KK81-82EE) mice, which inhibited STAT3 activation and cancer progression. Conclusions: These results provide new insights into the mechanisms of STAT3 activation triggered by IL-6 and identify nuclear translocation of Trx-1 as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of CRC and CAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aihua Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315010, China
- Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Daoquan Fang
- Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Yangyang Liu
- Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Xiaomeng Shi
- Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Zuyue Zhong
- Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Baojian Zhou
- Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Lechi Ye
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Xuecheng Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Lei Jiang
- Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
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Geetha R, Iyer S, Keechilat P, N GI, Thankappan KK, N V S. Evaluation of premetastatic changes in lymph nodes(pN0) of oral tongue tumour: A prospective observational Study. F1000Res 2023; 12:889. [PMID: 37786649 PMCID: PMC10541534 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.138951.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Tongue tumors show intra and inter-tumoral heterogenicity with high incidence, relapse and mortality rates necessitating further research. Recurrence/metastasis that occurs after surgical resection of primary cancer is often the reason for poor survival in these patients. Lymph nodes are the most common site of metastasis in tongue tumors. Therefore, premetastatic molecular changes can be best evaluated in lymph nodes which may epitomize the earliest events in the metastasis cascades. The presence of circulating tumor cells(CTCs) in the absence of nodal disease (N0) may represent tumor aggressiveness, suggesting an immune escape which may have high metastatic potential. This trial was developed to investigate the earliest pre-metastatic changes which may regulate tumor dormancy and predict metastasis. A better understanding of organotropism or pre-metastatic changes can help in theragnostic, thereby preventing the outbreak of overt metastasis. Methods: A single-institutional prospective observational cohort study. This trial will be conducted at a tertiary care Centre (Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Kochi). Eligible patients will be enrolled after obtaining informed consent. The dissected lymph nodes will be subjected to histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses for premetastatic niche (PMN) formation. In addition, circulating tumor cells will be evaluated before treatment and 6 months after treatment. The patients will be followed up for a period of two years to correlate the findings with the recurrence-free survival. Expected results: The pre-metastatic changes, if detected will be a predictive biomarker. It may help to define future drug targets for metastasis chemoprevention . CTCs may define the tumor aggressiveness ,there by prognostication and helps in better disease management. Ethics and dissemination: The study has received the following approval: Ethics Committee of Amrita School of Medicine (ECASM-AIMS-2022-048).Trial Registered Prospectively( CTRI/2022/03/041256 ) on 22/03/2022 under Clinical Trial Registry of India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajalakshmi Geetha
- Head and Neck Surgery/Oncology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences - Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - Subramania Iyer
- Head and Neck Surgery/Oncology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences - Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - Pavithran Keechilat
- Medical Oncology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences - Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | | | - Krishna Kumar Thankappan
- Head and Neck Surgery/Oncology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences - Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - Smitha N V
- Department of Pathology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences -Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, India
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Hsu CY, Yang WT, Lin JH, Lu CH, Hu KC, Lan TH, Chang CC. Sertindole, an Antipsychotic Drug, Curbs the STAT3/BCL-xL Axis to Elicit Human Bladder Cancer Cell Apoptosis In Vitro. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11852. [PMID: 37511611 PMCID: PMC10380261 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer is the leading urinary tract malignancy. Epidemiological evidence has linked lower cancer incidence in schizophrenia patients to long-term medication, highlighting the anticancer potential of antipsychotics. Sertindole is an atypical antipsychotic agent with reported anticancer action on breast and gastric cancers. Yet, sertindole's effect on bladder cancer remains unaddressed. We herein present the first evidence of sertindole's antiproliferative effect and mechanisms of action on human bladder cancer cells. Sertindole was cytotoxic against bladder cancer cells while less cytotoxic to normal urothelial cells. Apoptosis was a primary cause of sertindole's cytotoxicity, as the pan-caspase inhibitor z-VAD-fmk rescued cells from sertindole-induced killing. Mechanistically, sertindole inhibited the activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), an oncogenic driver of bladder cancer, as sertindole lowered the levels of tyrosine 705-phosphorylated STAT3 along with that of STAT3's target gene BCL-xL. Notably, ectopic expression of the dominant-active STAT3 mutant impaired sertindole-induced apoptosis in addition to restoring BCL-xL expression. Moreover, bladder cancer cells overexpressing BCL-xL were refractory to sertindole's proapoptotic action, arguing that sertindole represses STAT3 to downregulate BCL-xL, culminating in the induction of apoptosis. Overall, the current study indicated sertindole exerts bladder cancer cytotoxicity by provoking apoptosis through targeted inhibition of the antiapoptotic STAT3/BCL-xL signaling axis. These findings implicate the potential to repurpose sertindole as a therapeutic strategy for bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Yu Hsu
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Tungs' Taichung MetroHarbor Hospital, Taichung 435403, Taiwan
- Doctoral Program in Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402202, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ting Yang
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402202, Taiwan
| | - Ju-Hwa Lin
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hsing Lu
- Doctoral Program in Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402202, Taiwan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 407219, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Cheng Hu
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402202, Taiwan
| | - Tsuo-Hung Lan
- Tsaotun Psychiatric Center, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Nantou 542019, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304, Taiwan
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institute, Miaoli 350401, Taiwan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Che Chang
- Doctoral Program in Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402202, Taiwan
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402202, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Rong Hsing Translational Medicine Research Center, The iEGG and Animal Biotechnology Research Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402202, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 413305, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404327, Taiwan
- Traditional Herbal Medicine Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
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Ferrari A, Cangini D, Ghelli Luserna di Rorà A, Condorelli A, Pugliese M, Schininà G, Cosentino S, Fonzi E, Domizio C, Simonetti G, Leotta S, Milone G, Martinelli G. Venetoclax durable response in adult relapsed/refractory Philadelphia-negative acute lymphoblastic leukemia with JAK/STAT pathway alterations. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1165308. [PMID: 37287455 PMCID: PMC10242111 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1165308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
High-risk relapsed/refractory adult Philadelphia-negative (Ph-) B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) is a great challenge due to limited possibilities to achieve and maintain a complete response. This also applies to cases with extramedullary (EM) involvement that have poor outcomes and no accepted standard therapeutic approaches. The incidence of EM localization in relapsed/refractory B-ALL is poorly investigated: data on patients treated with blinatumomab reported a 40% rate. Some responses were reported in EM patients with relapsed/refractory B-ALL treated with inotuzumab ozogamicin or CAR-T. However, molecular mechanisms of response or refractoriness are usually investigated neither at the medullary nor at EM sites. In the complex scenario of pluri-relapsed/refractory B-ALL patients, new target therapies are needed. Our analysis started with the case of an adult pluri-relapsed Ph- B-ALL patient, poorly sensitive to inotuzumab ozogamicin, donor lymphocyte infusions, and blinatumomab in EM disease, who achieved a durable/complete response after treatment with the BCL2-inhibitor venetoclax. The molecular characterization of medullary and EM samples revealed a tyrosine kinase domain JAK1 mutation in the bone marrow and EM samples at relapse. By comparing the expression level of BCL2- and JAK/STAT pathway-related genes between the patient samples, 136 adult JAK1 wt B-ALL, and 15 healthy controls, we identified differentially expressed genes, including LIFR, MTOR, SOCS1/2, and BCL2/BCL2L1, that are variably modulated at diverse time points and might explain the prolonged response to venetoclax (particularly in the EM site, which was only partially affected by previous therapies). Our results suggest that the deep molecular characterization of both medullary and EM samples is fundamental to identifying effective and personalized targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Ferrari
- Biosciences Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, Meldola, Italy
| | - Delia Cangini
- Hematology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, Meldola, Italy
| | - Andrea Ghelli Luserna di Rorà
- Biosciences Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, Meldola, Italy
- Fondazione Pisana per Scienza ONLUS, Pisa, Italy
| | - Annalisa Condorelli
- Divisione di Ematologia con Trapianto Emopoietico—Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico “G. Rodolico- San Marco”, Catania, Italy
| | - Marta Pugliese
- Divisione di Ematologia con Trapianto Emopoietico—Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico “G. Rodolico- San Marco”, Catania, Italy
| | - Giovanni Schininà
- Divisione di Ematologia con Trapianto Emopoietico—Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico “G. Rodolico- San Marco”, Catania, Italy
| | | | - Eugenio Fonzi
- Unit of Biostatistics and Clinical Trials, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, Meldola, Italy
| | - Chiara Domizio
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Ferrara University, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giorgia Simonetti
- Biosciences Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, Meldola, Italy
| | - Salvatore Leotta
- Divisione di Ematologia con Trapianto Emopoietico—Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico “G. Rodolico- San Marco”, Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Milone
- Divisione di Ematologia con Trapianto Emopoietico—Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico “G. Rodolico- San Marco”, Catania, Italy
| | - Giovanni Martinelli
- Scientific Directorate, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, Meldola, Italy
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He N, Li L, Li R, Zhang SQ, Wu LH, Guan X, Zhang QY, Jiang T, Yang JB. A Novel Ageladine A Derivative Acts as a STAT3 Inhibitor and Exhibits Potential Antitumor Effects. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108859. [PMID: 37240202 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of the transcription 3 (JAK/STAT3) signaling pathway controls multiple biological processes, including cell survival, proliferation, and differentiation. Abnormally activated STAT3 signaling promotes tumor cell growth, proliferation, and survival, as well as tumor invasion, angiogenesis, and immunosuppression. Hence, JAK/STAT3 signaling has been considered a promising target for antitumor therapy. In this study, a number of ageladine A derivative compounds were synthesized. The most effective of these was found to be compound 25. Our results indicated that compound 25 had the greatest inhibitory effect on the STAT3 luciferase gene reporter. Molecular docking results showed that compound 25 could dock into the STAT3 SH2 structural domain. Western blot assays demonstrated that compound 25 selectively inhibited the phosphorylation of STAT3 on the Tyr705 residue, thereby reducing STAT3 downstream gene expression without affecting the expression of the upstream proteins, p-STAT1 and p-STAT5. Compound 25 also suppressed the proliferation and migration of A549 and DU145 cells. Finally, in vivo research revealed that 10 mg/kg of compound 25 effectively inhibited the growth of A549 xenograft tumors with persistent STAT3 activation without causing significant weight loss. These results clearly indicate that compound 25 could be a potential antitumor agent by inhibiting STAT3 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na He
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
- Innovation Platform of Marine Drug Screening & Evaluation, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Li Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Rui Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
- Innovation Platform of Marine Drug Screening & Evaluation, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Si-Qi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
- Innovation Platform of Marine Drug Screening & Evaluation, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Li-Hong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
- Innovation Platform of Marine Drug Screening & Evaluation, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Xian Guan
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Qian-Yue Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
- Innovation Platform of Marine Drug Screening & Evaluation, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Jin-Bo Yang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
- Innovation Platform of Marine Drug Screening & Evaluation, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266100, China
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Muhamad IR, Che Ibrahim NB, Hussain FA. Evaluation of Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (STAT-3) Protein Expression in Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Cases in Hospital USM. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13091649. [PMID: 37175040 PMCID: PMC10178068 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13091649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evolving targeted therapy on Janus Associated Kinase-Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription (JAK-STAT) signaling pathway, especially pertaining to STAT-3 protein in non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), provides new treatment strategies. STAT-3 protein also relates to the prognostication of NHL. Hence, we aimed to evaluate the expression of STAT-3 protein in NHL cases diagnosed in Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM). METHODS A retrospective cross sectional study using formalin fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) tissue blocks of 95 NHL cases were obtained. STAT-3 immunostaining was performed and evaluated. The proportion and association between the expression of STAT-3 protein with subtypes of NHL were statistically analyzed. RESULTS The majority of the cases (78.9%) had positive STAT-3 protein expression. 64.2% were among aggressive B cell NHL, whilst 20.0% of them were diffuse large B cell lymphoma, a non-germinal center B subtype (DLBCL-NGCB). There is also an association between STAT-3 protein expression with DLBCL subtypes (p = 0.046). CONCLUSION Our study demonstrated a remarkable expression of STAT-3 protein in NHL, in which DLBCL subtypes had significant association. A larger scale study with a combination of JAK protein evaluation should be undertaken in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izyan Rifhana Muhamad
- Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia Health Campus, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
- Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Noorul Balqis Che Ibrahim
- Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia Health Campus, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
- Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Faezahtul Arbaeyah Hussain
- Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia Health Campus, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
- Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
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Kwon YJ, Seo EB, Kim SK, Lee HS, Lee H, Jang YA, Kim YM, Kim YN, Lee JT, Ye SK. Pharmacological anti-tumor effects of natural Chamaecyparis obtusa (siebold & zucc.) endl. Leaf extracts on breast cancer. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 313:116598. [PMID: 37146844 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Chamaecyparis obtusa (C. obtusa, cypress species) is a plant that grows mainly in the temperate Northern Hemisphere and has long been used as a traditional anti-inflammatory treatment in East Asia. C. obtusa contains phytoncides, flavonoids, and terpenes, which have excellent anti-cancer effects and have been reported to prevent the progression of various cancers. However, the detailed mechanisms underlying the anti-cancer effects of C. obtusa extracts are unknown. AIM OF THE STUDY We sought to confirm the anti-cancer effects of C. obtusa leaf extracts and to reveal the mechanism of action, with the possibility of its application in the treatment or prevention of cancer. MATERIAL &METHODS The cytotoxicity of C. obtusa leaf extracts was confirmed using an MTT assay. Intracellular changes in protein levels were measured by immunoblotting, and mRNA levels were measured with qRT-PCR. Wound healing assay and transwell migration assay were used to evaluate the metastatic potential of breast cancer cells. The extract-induced apoptosis was observed using IncuCyte Annexin V Red staining analysis. A syngeneic breast cancer mouse model was established by injecting 4T1-Luc mouse breast cancer cells into the fat pad of female BALB/c mice, and the extract was administered orally. Luciferin solution was injected intraperitoneally to assess primary tumor development and metastasis by bioluminescence. RESULTS C. obtusa leaf extracts were extracted with boiling water, 70% EtOH, and 99% EtOH. Among the extracts, the 99% EtOH extract of C. obtusa leaf (CO99EL) most clearly inhibited the tyrosine phosphorylation of Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (pY-STAT3) in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells at a concentration of 25 and 50 μg/mL. In addition, CO99EL strongly inhibited not only endogenous pY-STAT3 levels but also IL-6-induced STAT3 activation in various types of cancer cells, including breast cancer. CO99EL inhibited metastatic potential by downregulating the expression of N-cadherin, fibronectin, TWIST, MMP2, and MMP9 in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. CO99EL also induced apoptotic cell death by increasing cleaved caspase-3 and decreasing anti-apoptotic proteins Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL. In an in vivo syngeneic breast cancer mouse model, 100 mg/kg CO99EL suppressed tumor growth and induced apoptosis of cancer cells. Moreover, CO99EL significantly inhibited lung metastasis from primary breast cancer. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrated that 100 mg/kg CO99EL has potent anti-tumor effects against breast cancer, thus suggesting that 100 mg/kg CO99EL has potential applications in the treatment and prevention of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Jin Kwon
- Department of Pharmacology and Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea; Department of Cosmetic Science, Kyungsung University, Busan, 48434, Republic of Korea; Ischemic/Hypoxic Disease Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
| | - Eun-Bi Seo
- Department of Pharmacology and Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea; Biomedical Science Project (BK21PLUS), Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seul-Ki Kim
- Department of Pharmacology and Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyun-Seung Lee
- Department of Pharmacology and Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea; Biomedical Science Project (BK21PLUS), Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
| | - Haeri Lee
- Department of Pharmacology and Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young-Ah Jang
- Convergence Research Center for Smart Healthcare of KS R & DB Foundation, Kyungsung University, Busan, 48434, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yu Mi Kim
- Binotec Co., Ltd, Daegu, 42149, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yong-Nyun Kim
- Division of Translational Science, National Cancer Center, Goyang, 10408, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jin-Tae Lee
- Department of Cosmetic Science, Kyungsung University, Busan, 48434, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sang-Kyu Ye
- Department of Pharmacology and Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea; Ischemic/Hypoxic Disease Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea; Biomedical Science Project (BK21PLUS), Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea; Neuro-Immune Information Storage Network Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea; Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University, Hongcheon, 25159, Republic of Korea.
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Bi J, Wu Z, Zhang X, Zeng T, Dai W, Qiu N, Xu M, Qiao Y, Ke L, Zhao J, Cao X, Lin Q, Chen XL, Xie L, Ouyang Z, Guo J, Zheng L, Ma C, Guo S, Chen K, Mo W, Fu G, Zhao TJ, Wang HR. TMEM25 inhibits monomeric EGFR-mediated STAT3 activation in basal state to suppress triple-negative breast cancer progression. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2342. [PMID: 37095176 PMCID: PMC10126118 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38115-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a subtype of breast cancer with poor outcome and lacks of approved targeted therapy. Overexpression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is found in more than 50% TNBC and is suggested as a driving force in progression of TNBC; however, targeting EGFR using antibodies to prevent its dimerization and activation shows no significant benefits for TNBC patients. Here we report that EGFR monomer may activate signal transducer activator of transcription-3 (STAT3) in the absence of transmembrane protein TMEM25, whose expression is frequently decreased in human TNBC. Deficiency of TMEM25 allows EGFR monomer to phosphorylate STAT3 independent of ligand binding, and thus enhances basal STAT3 activation to promote TNBC progression in female mice. Moreover, supplying TMEM25 by adeno-associated virus strongly suppresses STAT3 activation and TNBC progression. Hence, our study reveals a role of monomeric-EGFR/STAT3 signaling pathway in TNBC progression and points out a potential targeted therapy for TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Bi
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Zhihui Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, 361102, Fujian, China
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, 100850, Beijing, China
| | - Taoling Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Wanjun Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Ningyuan Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Mingfeng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Yikai Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Lang Ke
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Jiayi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Xinyu Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Qi Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Xiao Lei Chen
- Cancer Research Center of Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University, 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Liping Xie
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University, 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Zhong Ouyang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, 361003, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Jujiang Guo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women and Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, 361003, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Liangkai Zheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women and Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, 361003, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Chao Ma
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, 100853, Beijing, China
| | - Shiying Guo
- GemPharmatech Co., Ltd., 210000, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kangmei Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 510120, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Mo
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Guo Fu
- Cancer Research Center of Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University, 361102, Fujian, China.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women and Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, 361003, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
| | - Tong-Jin Zhao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 200438, Shanghai, China.
| | - Hong-Rui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, 361102, Fujian, China.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women and Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, 361003, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
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Alsayed RKME, Sheikhan KSAM, Alam MA, Buddenkotte J, Steinhoff M, Uddin S, Ahmad A. Epigenetic programing of cancer stemness by transcription factors-non-coding RNAs interactions. Semin Cancer Biol 2023; 92:74-83. [PMID: 37054905 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2023.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
Cancer 'stemness' is fundamental to cancer existence. It defines the ability of cancer cells to indefinitely perpetuate as well as differentiate. Cancer stem cell populations within a growing tumor also help evade the inhibitory effects of chemo- as well as radiation-therapies, in addition to playing an important role in cancer metastases. NF-κB and STAT-3 are representative transcription factors (TFs) that have long been associated with cancer stemness, thus presenting as attractive targets for cancer therapy. The growing interest in non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in the recent years has provided further insight into the mechanisms by which TFs influence cancer stem cell characteristics. There is evidence for a direct regulation of TFs by ncRNAs, such as, microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) as well as circular RNAs (circRNAs), and vice versa. Additionally, the TF-ncRNAs regulations are often indirect, involving ncRNA-target genes or the sponging of other ncRNA species by individual ncRNAs. The information is rapidly evolving and this review provides a comprehensive review of TF-ncRNAs interactions with implications on cancer stemness and in response to therapies. Such knowledge will help uncover the many levels of tight regulations that control cancer stemness, providing novel opportunities and targets for therapy in the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reem Khaled M E Alsayed
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, 3050, Qatar
| | | | - Majid Ali Alam
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, 3050, Qatar; Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, 3050, Qatar; Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Rumailah Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, 3050, Qatar
| | - Jorg Buddenkotte
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, 3050, Qatar; Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, 3050, Qatar; Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Rumailah Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, 3050, Qatar
| | - Martin Steinhoff
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, 3050, Qatar; Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, 3050, Qatar; Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Rumailah Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, 3050, Qatar; Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Medical School, Doha, 24144, Qatar; Dept. of Dermatology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, 10065, NY, USA
| | - Shahab Uddin
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, 3050, Qatar; Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, 3050, Qatar; Laboratory Animal Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, 2713, Qatar
| | - Aamir Ahmad
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, 3050, Qatar; Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, 3050, Qatar; Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Rumailah Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, 3050, Qatar.
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Palmitic Acid Inhibits the Growth and Metastasis of Gastric Cancer by Blocking the STAT3 Signaling Pathway. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15020388. [PMID: 36672337 PMCID: PMC9856364 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15020388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipidomic analyses have suggested that palmitic acid (PA) is linked to gastric cancer. However, its effects and action mechanisms remain unclear. Therefore, we evaluated the effects of PA on cell proliferation, invasion, and apoptosis in human gastric cancer, as well as the role of p-STAT3 in mediating its effects. The results of the MTT and colony formation assays revealed that PA blocked gastric cancer cell proliferation in a concentration-dependent manner. The EdU-DNA assay indicated that 50 μM of PA could block gastric cell proliferation by 30.6-80.0%. The Transwell assay also confirmed the concentration dependence of PA-induced inhibitory effect on cell invasion. The flow cytometry analysis indicated that PA treatment for 18 h could induce gastric cancer cell apoptosis. The immunohistochemical staining revealed that p-STAT3 levels were higher in the gastric cancer tissues than in the control tissues. We demonstrated that PA treatment for 12 h decreased the expressions of p-STAT3, p-JAK2, N-cadherin, and vimentin, and inhibited the nuclear expression of p-STAT3 in gastric cancer cells. Finally, PA treatment (50 mg/kg) decreased gastric cancer growth (54.3%) in the xenograft models. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that PA inhibits cell proliferation and invasion and induces human gastric cancer cell apoptosis.
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Kuo MY, Yang WT, Ho YJ, Chang GM, Chang HH, Hsu CY, Chang CC, Chen YH. Hispolon Methyl Ether, a Hispolon Analog, Suppresses the SRC/STAT3/Survivin Signaling Axis to Induce Cytotoxicity in Human Urinary Bladder Transitional Carcinoma Cell Lines. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010138. [PMID: 36613579 PMCID: PMC9820424 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer is a leading human malignancy worldwide. Signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 3 is an oncogenic transcription factor commonly hyperactivated in most human cancers, including bladder cancer. Notably, preclinical evidence has validated STAT3 blockade as a promising therapeutic strategy for bladder cancer. Hispolon Methyl Ether (HME) is a structural analog of hispolon, an anticancer component of the medicinal mushroom Phellinus linteus. Thus far, HME's anticancer activity and mechanisms remain largely unknown. We herein report HME was cytotoxic, more potent than cisplatin, and proapoptotic to various human bladder transitional carcinoma cell lines. Of note, HME blocked STAT3 activation, evidenced by HME-elicited reduction in tyrosine 705-phosphorylated STAT3 levels constitutively expressed or induced by interleukin-6. Significantly, HME-induced cytotoxicity was abrogated in cells expressing a dominant-active STAT3 mutant (STAT3-C), confirming STAT3 blockage as a pivotal mechanism of HME's cytotoxic action. We further revealed that survivin was downregulated by HME, while its levels were rescued in STAT3-C-expressing cells. Moreover, survivin overexpression abolished HME-induced cytotoxicity, illustrating survivin as a central downstream mediator of STAT3 targeted by HME. Lastly, HME was shown to lower tyrosine 416-phosphorylated SRC levels, suggesting that HME inhibits STAT3 by repressing the activation of SRC, a STAT3 upstream kinase. In conclusion, we present the first evidence of HME's anti-bladder cancer effect, likely proceeding by evoking apoptosis through suppression of the antiapoptotic SRC/STAT3/survivin signaling axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Yung Kuo
- Pediatric Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, Tungs’ Taichung MetroHarbor Hospital, Taichung 402202, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402202, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ting Yang
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402202, Taiwan
| | - Yann-Jen Ho
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402202, Taiwan
| | - Ge-Man Chang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402202, Taiwan
| | - Hsiung-Hao Chang
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402202, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Yu Hsu
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Tungs’ Taichung MetroHarbor Hospital, Taichung 402202, Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program in Translational Medicine, Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine, The iEGG and Animal Biotechnology Research Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402202, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Che Chang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402202, Taiwan
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402202, Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program in Translational Medicine, Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine, The iEGG and Animal Biotechnology Research Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402202, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 413305, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404327, Taiwan
- Traditional Herbal Medicine Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
- Correspondence: or (C.-C.C.); or (Y.-H.C.)
| | - Yi-Hsin Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung 427213, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualein 970374, Taiwan
- Correspondence: or (C.-C.C.); or (Y.-H.C.)
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Transcription Factors STAT3 and MYC Are Key Players of Human Platelet Lysate-Induced Cell Proliferation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415782. [PMID: 36555426 PMCID: PMC9781157 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Human platelet lysate (HPL) is an efficient alternative for animal serum supplements, significantly enhancing stromal cell proliferation. However, the molecular mechanism behind this growth-promoting effect remains elusive. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of HPL on cell cycle gene expression in different human stromal cells and to identify the main key players that mediate HPL's growth-enhancing effect. RT-qPCR and an antibody array revealed significant upregulation of cell cycle genes in stromal cells cultured in HPL. As HPL is rich in growth factors that are ligands of tyrosine kinase receptor (TKR) pathways, we used TKR inhibitors and could significantly reduce cell proliferation. Genome profiling, RT-qPCR and Western blotting revealed an enhanced expression of the transcription factors signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and MYC, both known TKR downstream effectors and stimulators of cell proliferation, in response to HPL. In addition, specifically blocking STAT3 resulted in reduced cell proliferation and expression of cell cycle genes. Our data indicate that HPL-enhanced cell proliferation can, at least in part, be explained by the TKR-enhanced expression of STAT3 and MYC, which in turn induce the expression of genes being involved in the promotion and control of the cell cycle.
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ENO1 Binds to ApoC3 and Impairs the Proliferation of T Cells via IL-8/STAT3 Pathway in OSCC. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232112777. [DOI: 10.3390/ijms232112777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lymph node metastasis is associated with poor prognosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), and few studies have explored the relevance of postoperative lymphatic drainage (PLD) in metastatic OSCC. Alpha-enolase (ENO1) is a metabolic enzyme, which is related to lymphatic metastasis of OSCC. However, the role of ENO1 in PLD in metastatic OSCC has not been elucidated. Herein, we collected lymphatic drainage after lymphadenectomy between metastatic and non-metastatic lymph nodes in OSCC patients to investigate the relationship between ENO1 expression and metastasis, and to identify the proteins which interacted with ENO1 in PLD of patients with metastatic OSCC by MS/GST pulldown assay. Results revealed that the metabolic protein apolipoprotein C-III (ApoC3) was a novel partner of ENO1. The ENO1 bound to ApoC3 in OSCC cells and elicited the production of interleukin (IL)-8, as demonstrated through a cytokine antibody assay. We also studied the function of IL-8 on Jurkat T cells co-cultured with OSCC cells in vitro. Western blot analysis was applied to quantitate STAT3 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 3) and p-STAT3 levels. Mechanistically, OSCC cells activated the STAT3 signaling pathway on Jurkat T cells through IL-8 secretion, promoted apoptosis, and inhibited the proliferation of Jurkat T cells. Collectively, these findings illuminate the molecular mechanisms underlying the function of ENO1 in metastasis OSCC and provide new strategies for targeting ENO1 for OSCC treatment.
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Di Sotto A, Gullì M, Minacori M, Mancinelli R, Garzoli S, Percaccio E, Incocciati A, Romaniello D, Mazzanti G, Eufemi M, Di Giacomo S. β-Caryophyllene Counteracts Chemoresistance Induced by Cigarette Smoke in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer MDA-MB-468 Cells. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10092257. [PMID: 36140359 PMCID: PMC9496176 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10092257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure to cigarette smoke (CS) has been associated with an increased risk of fatal breast cancers and recurrence, along with chemoresistance and chemotherapy impairment. This strengthens the interest in chemopreventive agents to be exploited both in healthy and oncological subjects to prevent or repair CS damage. In the present study, we evaluated the chemopreventive properties of the natural sesquiterpene β-caryophyllene towards the damage induced by cigarette smoke condensate (CSC) in triple negative breast cancer MDA-MB-468 cells. Particularly, we assessed the ability of the sesquiterpene to interfere with the mechanisms exploited by CSC to promote cell survival and chemoresistance, including genomic instability, cell cycle progress, autophagy/apoptosis, cell migration and related pathways. β-Caryophyllene was found to be able to increase the CSC-induced death of MDA-MB-468 cells, likely triggering oxidative stress, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis; moreover, it hindered cell recovery, autophagy activation and cell migration; at last, a marked inhibition of the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) activation was highlighted: this could represent a key mechanism of the chemoprevention by β-caryophyllene. Although further studies are required to confirm the in vivo efficacy of β-caryophyllene, the present results suggest a novel strategy to reduce the harmful effect of smoke in cancer patients and to improve the survival expectations in breast cancer women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Di Sotto
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “V. Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: (A.D.S.); (G.M.)
| | - Marco Gullì
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “V. Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Minacori
- Department of Biochemical Science “A. Rossi Fanelli”, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Romina Mancinelli
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Stefania Garzoli
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Drugs, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Ester Percaccio
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “V. Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessio Incocciati
- Department of Biochemical Science “A. Rossi Fanelli”, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Donatella Romaniello
- Department of Biochemical Science “A. Rossi Fanelli”, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Gabriela Mazzanti
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “V. Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: (A.D.S.); (G.M.)
| | - Margherita Eufemi
- Department of Biochemical Science “A. Rossi Fanelli”, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Di Giacomo
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “V. Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
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Sorafenib Chemosensitization by Caryophyllane Sesquiterpenes in Liver, Biliary, and Pancreatic Cancer Cells: The Role of STAT3/ABC Transporter Axis. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14061264. [PMID: 35745837 PMCID: PMC9231089 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14061264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A combination of anticancer drugs and chemosensitizing agents has been approached as a promising strategy to potentiate chemotherapy and reduce toxicity in aggressive and chemoresistant cancers, like hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). In the present study, the ability of caryophyllane sesquiterpenes to potentiate sorafenib efficacy was studied in HCC, CCA, and PDAC cell models, focusing on the modulation of STAT3 signaling and ABC transporters; tolerability studies in normal cells were also performed. Results showed that the combination of sorafenib and caryophyllane sesquiterpenes synergized the anticancer drug, especially in pancreatic Bx-PC3 adenocarcinoma cells; a similar trend, although with lower efficacy, was found for the standard ABC transporter inhibitors. Synergistic effects were associated with a modulation of MDR1 (or Pgp) and MRP transporters, both at gene and protein level; moreover, activation of STAT3 cascade and cell migration appeared significantly affected, suggesting that the STAT3/ABC-transporters axis finely regulated efficacy and chemoresistance to sorafenib, thus appearing as a suitable target to overcome drawbacks of sorafenib-based chemotherapy in hepato-biliary-pancreatic cancers. Present findings strengthen the interest in caryophyllane sesquiterpenes as chemosensitizing and chemopreventive agents and contribute to clarifying drug resistance mechanisms in HCC, CCA, and PDAC cancers and to developing possible novel therapeutic strategies.
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Erratum. MedComm (Beijing) 2022; 3:e135. [PMID: 35474947 PMCID: PMC9020325 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
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