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Schnitker FA, Steingass CB, Schweiggert R. Analytical characterization of anthocyanins using trapped ion mobility spectrometry-quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry. Food Chem 2024; 459:140200. [PMID: 38996637 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
Anthocyanin profiles of juices from blueberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) and different grape varieties (Vitis labrusca L. cv. Concord, Vitis vinifera L. cvs. Accent, Dunkelfelder, Dakapo, and GM 674-1) were characterized by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) coupled to trapped ion mobility spectrometry-quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (TIMS-QTOF-MS/MS). Ion mobility and collision cross section (CCS) values of over 50 structurally related anthocyanins based on delphinidin, cyanidin, petunidin, peonidin, and malvidin were determined. Relations between molecular mass, mobility values, and specific structural features were revealed. The mass-to-charge (m/z) ratio of the molecular ions (M+) was found to be the major factor influencing anthocyanin ion mobilities, but structural characteristics also contributed to their variability. We were able to differentiate positional and geometrical isomers and certain epimers by their respective mobility values. For instance, whereas 3-O-hexosides (i.e., 3-O-glucosides and 3-O-galactosides) were separated by TIMS, epimers of 3-O-pentosides assessed could not be distinguished.
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Affiliation(s)
- Friederike A Schnitker
- Department of Beverage Research, Chair Analysis & Technology of Plant-based Foods, Geisenheim University, Von-Lade-Strasse 1, 65366 Geisenheim, Germany
| | - Christof B Steingass
- Department of Beverage Research, Chair Analysis & Technology of Plant-based Foods, Geisenheim University, Von-Lade-Strasse 1, 65366 Geisenheim, Germany.
| | - Ralf Schweiggert
- Department of Beverage Research, Chair Analysis & Technology of Plant-based Foods, Geisenheim University, Von-Lade-Strasse 1, 65366 Geisenheim, Germany
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2
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Clifford MN, Ludwig IA, Pereira-Caro G, Zeraik L, Borges G, Almutairi TM, Dobani S, Bresciani L, Mena P, Gill CIR, Crozier A. Exploring and disentangling the production of potentially bioactive phenolic catabolites from dietary (poly)phenols, phenylalanine, tyrosine and catecholamines. Redox Biol 2024; 71:103068. [PMID: 38377790 PMCID: PMC10891336 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2024.103068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Following ingestion of fruits, vegetables and derived products, (poly)phenols that are not absorbed in the upper gastrointestinal tract pass to the colon, where they undergo microbiota-mediated ring fission resulting in the production of a diversity of low molecular weight phenolic catabolites, which appear in the circulatory system and are excreted in urine along with their phase II metabolites. There is increasing interest in these catabolites because of their potential bioactivity and their use as biomarkers of (poly)phenol intake. Investigating the fate of dietary (poly)phenolics in the colon has become confounded as a result of the recent realisation that many of the phenolics appearing in biofluids can also be derived from the aromatic amino acids, l-phenylalanine and l-tyrosine, and to a lesser extent catecholamines, in reactions that can be catalysed by both colonic microbiota and endogenous mammalian enzymes. The available evidence, albeit currently rather limited, indicates that substantial amounts of phenolic catabolites originate from phenylalanine and tyrosine, while somewhat smaller quantities are produced from dietary (poly)phenols. This review outlines information on this topic and assesses procedures that can be used to help distinguish between phenolics originating from dietary (poly)phenols, the two aromatic amino acids and catecholamines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael N Clifford
- School of Bioscience and Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom; Department of Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food, Monash University, Notting Hill, Victoria, Australia
| | - Iziar A Ludwig
- Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Gema Pereira-Caro
- Department of Agroindustry and Food Quality, IFAPA-Alameda Del Obispo, Córdoba, Spain; Foods for Health Group, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain
| | - Laila Zeraik
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | | | | | - Sara Dobani
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy; Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health, Ulster University, Coleraine, United Kingdom
| | - Letizia Bresciani
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Pedro Mena
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy; Microbiome Research Hub, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Chris I R Gill
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health, Ulster University, Coleraine, United Kingdom
| | - Alan Crozier
- Department of Chemistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
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3
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Di Pede G, Mena P, Bresciani L, Achour M, Lamuela-Raventós RM, Estruch R, Landberg R, Kulling SE, Wishart D, Rodriguez-Mateos A, Clifford MN, Crozier A, Manach C, Del Rio D. A Systematic Review and Comprehensive Evaluation of Human Intervention Studies to Unravel the Bioavailability of Hydroxycinnamic Acids. Antioxid Redox Signal 2024; 40:510-541. [PMID: 37382416 PMCID: PMC10960166 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2023.0254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Significance: Hydroxycinnamic acids (HCAs) are the main phenolic acids in the western diet. Harmonizing the available information on the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) of HCAs is fundamental to unraveling the compounds responsible for their health effects. This work systematically assessed pharmacokinetics, including urinary recovery, and bioavailability of HCAs and their metabolites, based on literature reports. Recent Advances: Forty-seven intervention studies with coffee, berries, herbs, cereals, tomato, orange, grape products, and pure compounds, as well as other sources yielding HCA metabolites, were included. Up to 105 HCA metabolites were collected, mainly acyl-quinic and C6-C3 cinnamic acids. C6-C3 cinnamic acids, such as caffeic and ferulic acid, reached the highest blood concentrations (maximum plasma concentration [Cmax] = 423 nM), with time to reach Cmax (Tmax) values ranging from 2.7 to 4.2 h. These compounds were excreted in urine in higher amounts than their phenylpropanoic acid derivatives (4% and 1% of intake, respectively), but both in a lower percentage than hydroxybenzene catabolites (11%). Data accounted for 16 and 18 main urinary and blood HCA metabolites, which were moderately bioavailable in humans (collectively 25%). Critical Issues: A relevant variability emerged. It was not possible to unequivocally assess the bioavailability of HCAs from each ingested source, and data from some plant based-foods were absent or inconsistent. Future Directions: A comprehensive study investigating the ADME of HCAs derived from their most important dietary sources is urgently required. Eight key metabolites were identified and reached interesting plasma Cmax concentrations and urinary recoveries, opening up new perspectives to evaluate their bioactivity at physiological concentrations. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 40, 510-541.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pedro Mena
- Department of Food and Drugs, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- Microbiome Research Hub, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | | | - Mariem Achour
- Human Nutrition Unit, INRAE, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Rosa M. Lamuela-Raventós
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, XaRTA, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- INSA-UB, Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute, University of Barcelona, Santa Coloma de Gramanet, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ramon Estruch
- INSA-UB, Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute, University of Barcelona, Santa Coloma de Gramanet, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clínic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rikard Landberg
- Division of Food and Nutrition Science, Department of Life Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sabine E. Kulling
- Department of Safety and Quality of Fruit and Vegetables, Max Rubner-Institut, Federal Research Institute of Nutrition and Food, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - David Wishart
- Department of Biological Sciences and University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
- Department of Computing Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Ana Rodriguez-Mateos
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course and Population Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Michael N. Clifford
- School of Bioscience and Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
- Department of Nutrition Dietetics and Food, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Faculty of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Notting Hill, Australia
| | - Alan Crozier
- Department of Chemistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Claudine Manach
- Human Nutrition Unit, INRAE, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Daniele Del Rio
- Department of Food and Drugs, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- Microbiome Research Hub, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
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4
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Ijinu TP, De Lellis LF, Shanmugarama S, Pérez-Gregorio R, Sasikumar P, Ullah H, Buccato DG, Di Minno A, Baldi A, Daglia M. Anthocyanins as Immunomodulatory Dietary Supplements: A Nutraceutical Perspective and Micro-/Nano-Strategies for Enhanced Bioavailability. Nutrients 2023; 15:4152. [PMID: 37836436 PMCID: PMC10574533 DOI: 10.3390/nu15194152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Anthocyanins (ACNs) have attracted considerable attention for their potential to modulate the immune system. Research has revealed their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, which play a crucial role in immune regulation by influencing key immune cells, such as lymphocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells. Moreover, ACNs contribute towards maintaining a balance between proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines, thus promoting immune health. Beyond their direct effects on immune cells, ACNs significantly impact gut health and the microbiota, essential factors in immune regulation. Emerging evidence suggests that they positively influence the composition of the gut microbiome, enhancing their immunomodulatory effects. Furthermore, these compounds synergize with other bioactive substances, such as vitamins and minerals, further enhancing their potential as immune-supporting dietary supplements. However, detailed clinical studies must fully validate these findings and determine safe dosages across varied populations. Incorporating these natural compounds into functional foods or supplements could revolutionize the management of immune-related conditions. Personalized nutrition and healthcare strategies may be developed to enhance overall well-being and immune resilience by fully understanding the mechanisms underlying the actions of their components. Recent advancements in delivery methods have focused on improving the bioavailability and effectiveness of ACNs, providing promising avenues for future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thadiyan Parambil Ijinu
- Naturæ Scientific, Kerala University-Business Innovation and Incubation Centre, Kariavattom Campus, University of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram 695581, India;
- The National Society of Ethnopharmacology, VRA-179, Mannamoola, Peroorkada P.O., Thiruvananthapuram 695005, India
| | - Lorenza Francesca De Lellis
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Napoli Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (L.F.D.L.); (D.G.B.); (A.D.M.); (A.B.)
| | - Santny Shanmugarama
- Department of Pathology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA;
| | - Rosa Pérez-Gregorio
- Food and Health Omics Group, Institute of Agroecology and Food, Faculty of Sciences, University of Vigo, 32004 Ourense, Spain;
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
- Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IISGS), SERGAS-UVIGO, 32002 Ourense, Spain
| | | | - Hammad Ullah
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Napoli Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (L.F.D.L.); (D.G.B.); (A.D.M.); (A.B.)
| | - Daniele Giuseppe Buccato
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Napoli Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (L.F.D.L.); (D.G.B.); (A.D.M.); (A.B.)
| | - Alessandro Di Minno
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Napoli Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (L.F.D.L.); (D.G.B.); (A.D.M.); (A.B.)
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate, Via Gaetano Salvatore 486, 80145 Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandra Baldi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Napoli Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (L.F.D.L.); (D.G.B.); (A.D.M.); (A.B.)
| | - Maria Daglia
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Napoli Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (L.F.D.L.); (D.G.B.); (A.D.M.); (A.B.)
- International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
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5
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Ye L, Cheng L, Deng Y, Wang S, Wu X, Ou S, Chang Q, Zhao X, Zhou W, Yu J, Wu Z. Absorption, tissue distribution, and excretion of glycycoumarin, a major bioactive coumarin from Chinese licorice ( Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch). Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1216985. [PMID: 37484020 PMCID: PMC10361251 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1216985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Licorice (Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch) is a natural plant resource widely used as a food and herbal medication in China. Glycycoumarin (GCM) is a major coumarin in licorice that possesses several biological activities. However, little is known about its pharmacokinetic profile. The present study aimed to describe the oral absorption, tissue distribution, and excretion of GCM in rats. Free (parent drug) and/or total (parent drug plus the glucuronidated metabolite) GCM in biological samples was quantified before and after the hydrolysis reaction with β-glucuronidase using a reliable LC-MS/MS method. The results indicated that GCM was rapidly absorbed and transformed into its conjugated metabolites after administration. Free GCM plasma concentrations after i. v. (10 mg/kg) administration quickly decreased with an average t1/2,λz of 0.71 h, whereas the total GCM concentration reduced slowly with a t1/2, λz of 2.46 h. The area under the curve of glucuronidated metabolites was approximately four-times higher than that of free GCM. Presumably, because of hepatic and/or intestinal tract first-pass metabolism, GCM exhibited a poor bioavailability of 9.22%, as estimated from its total plasma concentration. Additionally, GCM was distributed rapidly and widely in various tissues except the brain. The liver had the highest concentration; further, GCM was promptly eliminated from test tissues after intraperitoneal (20 mg/kg) administration, but only a small amount of GCM was excreted via bile and urine. Overall, GCM is absorbed and rapidly transformed into its conjugated metabolites with low bioavailability; further, it is distributed in various tissues, except the brain. These pharmacokinetic results are helpful for better understanding the characteristics and pharmacological effects of GCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linhu Ye
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Nanhai District People’s Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China
- Bijie City First People’s Hospital, Bijie, China
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medicinal University, Zunyi, China
| | - Lei Cheng
- Bijie City First People’s Hospital, Bijie, China
| | - Yan Deng
- Bijie City First People’s Hospital, Bijie, China
| | - Sen Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medicinal University, Zunyi, China
| | - Xinyu Wu
- Bijie City First People’s Hospital, Bijie, China
| | - Shuiping Ou
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medicinal University, Zunyi, China
| | - Qi Chang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xinqian Zhao
- Bijie City First People’s Hospital, Bijie, China
| | - Wen Zhou
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Nanhai District People’s Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China
| | - Jinghua Yu
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Nanhai District People’s Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China
| | - Zuqiang Wu
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Nanhai District People’s Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China
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6
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Wang R, Li M, Brennan MA, Dhital S, Kulasiri D, Brennan CS, Guo B. Complexation of starch and phenolic compounds during food processing and impacts on the release of phenolic compounds. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2023; 22:3185-3211. [PMID: 37254305 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Phenolic compounds can form complexes with starch during food processing, which can modulate the release of phenolic compounds in the gastrointestinal tract and regulate the bioaccessibility of phenolic compounds. The starch-phenolic complexation is determined by the structure of starch, phenolic compounds, and the food processing conditions. In this review, the complexation between starch and phenolic compounds during (hydro)thermal and nonthermal processing is reviewed. A hypothesis on the complexation kinetics is developed to elucidate the mechanism of complexation between starch and phenolic compounds considering the reaction time and the processing conditions. The subsequent effects of complexation on the physicochemical properties of starch, including gelatinization, retrogradation, and digestion, are critically articulated. Further, the release of phenolic substances and the bioaccessibility of different types of starch-phenolics complexes are discussed. The review emphasizes that the processing-induced structural changes of starch are the major determinant modulating the extent and manner of complexation with phenolic compounds. The controlled release of complexes formed between phenolic compounds and starch in the digestive tracts can modify the functionality of starch-based foods and, thus, can be used for both the modulation of glycemic response and the targeted delivery of phenolic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruibin Wang
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, CAAS/ Comprehensive Utilization Laboratory of Cereal and Oil Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, P. R. China
- Department of Wine, Food and Molecular Biosciences, Lincoln University, Lincoln, New Zealand
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Ming Li
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, CAAS/ Comprehensive Utilization Laboratory of Cereal and Oil Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Margaret Anne Brennan
- Department of Wine, Food and Molecular Biosciences, Lincoln University, Lincoln, New Zealand
| | - Sushil Dhital
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Don Kulasiri
- Department of Wine, Food and Molecular Biosciences, Lincoln University, Lincoln, New Zealand
| | - Charles Stephen Brennan
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- School of Science, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Boli Guo
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, CAAS/ Comprehensive Utilization Laboratory of Cereal and Oil Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, P. R. China
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7
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Wang H, Zhao T, Liu Z, Danzengquzhen, Cisangzhuoma, Ma J, Li X, Huang X, Li B. The neuromodulatory effects of flavonoids and gut Microbiota through the gut-brain axis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1197646. [PMID: 37424784 PMCID: PMC10327292 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1197646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent investigations show that dietary consumption of flavonoids could potentially confer neuroprotective effects through a variety of direct and indirect mechanisms. Numerous flavonoids have been shown to cross the BBB and accumulate within the central nervous system (CNS). Some of these compounds purportedly counteract the accumulation and deleterious effects of reactive oxygen species, fostering neuronal survival and proliferation by inhibiting neuroinflammatory and oxidative stress responses. Moreover, several studies suggest that gut microbiota may participate in regulating brain function and host behavior through the production and modulation of bioactive metabolites. Flavonoids may shape gut microbiota composition by acting as carbon substrates to promote the growth of beneficial bacteria that produce these neuroprotective metabolites, consequently antagonizing or suppressing potential pathogens. By influencing the microbiota-gut-brain axis through this selection process, flavonoids may indirectly improve brain health. This review examines the current state of research into the relationship between bioactive flavonoids, gut microbiota, and the gut-brain axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Wang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lhasa, China
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Tingting Zhao
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lhasa, China
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Zhenjiang Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Danzengquzhen
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lhasa, China
| | - Cisangzhuoma
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lhasa, China
| | - Jinying Ma
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lhasa, China
| | - Xin Li
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Xiaodan Huang
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Bin Li
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lhasa, China
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8
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Dietary Sources of Anthocyanins and Their Association with Metabolome Biomarkers and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in an Observational Study. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15051208. [PMID: 36904207 PMCID: PMC10005166 DOI: 10.3390/nu15051208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Anthocyanins (ACNs) are (poly)phenols associated with reduced cardiometabolic risk. Associations between dietary intake, microbial metabolism, and cardiometabolic health benefits of ACNs have not been fully characterized. Our aims were to study the association between ACN intake, considering its dietary sources, and plasma metabolites, and to relate them with cardiometabolic risk factors in an observational study. A total of 1351 samples from 624 participants (55% female, mean age: 45 ± 12 years old) enrolled in the DCH-NG MAX study were studied using a targeted metabolomic analysis. Twenty-four-hour dietary recalls were used to collect dietary data at baseline, six, and twelve months. ACN content of foods was calculated using Phenol Explorer and foods were categorized into food groups. The median intake of total ACNs was 1.6mg/day. Using mixed graphical models, ACNs from different foods showed specific associations with plasma metabolome biomarkers. Combining these results with censored regression analysis, metabolites associated with ACNs intake were: salsolinol sulfate, 4-methylcatechol sulfate, linoleoyl carnitine, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid, and one valerolactone. Salsolinol sulfate and 4-methylcatechol sulfate, both related to the intake of ACNs mainly from berries, were inversely associated with visceral adipose tissue. In conclusion, plasma metabolome biomarkers of dietary ACNs depended on the dietary source and some of them, such as salsolinol sulfate and 4-methylcatechol sulfate may link berry intake with cardiometabolic health benefits.
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9
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Revisiting the bioavailability of flavan-3-ols in humans: A systematic review and comprehensive data analysis. Mol Aspects Med 2023; 89:101146. [PMID: 36207170 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2022.101146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
This systematic review summarizes findings from human studies investigating the different routes of absorption, metabolism, distribution and excretion (ADME) of dietary flavan-3-ols and their circulating metabolites in healthy subjects. Literature searches were performed in PubMed, Scopus and the Web of Science. Human intervention studies using single and/or multiple intake of flavan-3-ols from food, extracts, and pure compounds were included. Forty-nine human intervention studies met inclusion criteria. Up to 180 metabolites were quantified from blood and urine samples following intake of flavan-3-ols, mainly as phase 2 conjugates of microbial catabolites (n = 97), with phenyl-γ-valerolactones being the most representative ones (n = 34). Phase 2 conjugates of monomers and phenyl-γ-valerolactones, the main compounds in both plasma and urine, reached two peak plasma concentrations (Cmax) of 260 and 88 nmol/L at 1.8 and 5.3 h (Tmax) after flavan-3-ol intake. They contributed to the bioavailability of flavan-3-ols for over 20%. Mean bioavailability for flavan-3-ols was moderate (31 ± 23%, n bioavailability values = 20), and it seems to be scarcely affected by the amount of ingested compounds. While intra- and inter-source differences in flavan-3-ol bioavailability emerged, mean flavan-3-ol bioavailability was 82% (n = 1) and 63% (n = 2) after (-)-epicatechin and nut (hazelnuts, almonds) intake, respectively, followed by 25% after consumption of tea (n = 7), cocoa (n = 5), apples (n = 3) and grape (n = 2). This highlights the need to better clarify the metabolic yield with which monomer flavan-3-ols and proanthocyanidins are metabolized in humans. This work clarified in a comprehensive way for the first time the ADME of a (poly)phenol family, highlighting the pool of circulating compounds that might be determinants of the putative beneficial effects linked to flavan-3-ol intake. Lastly, methodological inputs for implementing well-designed human and experimental model studies were provided.
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10
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Anthocyanins: Potential Therapeutic Approaches towards Obesity and Diabetes Mellitus Type 2. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031237. [PMID: 36770906 PMCID: PMC9919338 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Overweight and obesity are present in about three-quarters of the adult population in Mexico. The inflammatory mechanisms subjacent to visceral white adipose tissue are accountable for the initiation and development of cardiometabolic alterations, including type 2 diabetes. Lifestyle changes are pillars within its therapeutics and, thus, current dietary modifications should include not only hypocaloric prescriptions with balanced macronutrient intake, preferably by increasing the amount of whole grains, fruits, vegetables, nuts and legumes, but in concomitance, bioactive substances, such as anthocyanins, have been correlated with lower incidence of this disease.
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11
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de Sousa BRV, de Lima Tavares Toscano L, de Almeida Filho EJB, Sena KF, Costa MS, de Souza Cunha RC, de Souza Siqueira Quintans J, Heimfarth L, Marques ATB, da Silva DF, de Campos LFCC, Persuhn DC, Silva AS. Purple grape juice improves performance of recreational runners, but the effect is genotype dependent: a double blind, randomized, controlled trial. GENES & NUTRITION 2022; 17:9. [PMID: 35655124 PMCID: PMC9164373 DOI: 10.1186/s12263-022-00710-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Background We examined the influence of superoxide dismutase 3 (SOD3) Arg213Gly and Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated α-Receptor (PPARα) 7G/C polymorphisms to a single dose of purple grape juice supplementation on time-to-exhaustion running test, redox balance and muscle damage in recreational runners. Methods Forty-seven male recreational runners performed a running test until exhaustion after supplementation with grape juice or a control drink. Serum total antioxidant capacity (TAC), malondialdehyde (MDA), plasma nitrite (NO), creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were measured pre and post exercise. Also, polymorphisms were analyzed in DNA extracted from the oral mucosa. Results Grape juice improved the time-to-exhaustion. When analyzed by genotype, the recreational runners with GG+CG genotypes of the SOD3 gene had greater time-to-exhaustion than the CC genotype, but was no different for the PAPRα gene. A slight difference was noted in TAC, since the CC genotype of the SOD3 gene showed higher TAC values in the post-exercise compared to the baseline and with pre-exercise, but these values did not increase compared to the CG+GG group, respectively. The SOD3 and PPARα genes were similar at all times for the other biochemical variables. Conclusion The ergogenic effect of grape juice was genotype-dependent for SOD3 Arg213Gly. However, biochemical redox balance markers did not explain this difference.
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12
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Yang C, Han Y, Tian X, Sajid M, Mehmood S, Wang H, Li H. Phenolic composition of grape pomace and its metabolism. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:4865-4881. [PMID: 36398354 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2146048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Grape pomace is the most important residual after wine making, and it is considered to be a very abundant source for the extraction of a wide range of polyphenols. These polyphenols exhibit a variety of bioactivities, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer. They are also beneficial in alleviating metabolic syndrome and regulating intestinal flora, etc. These health effects are most likely contributed by polyphenol metabolite, which are formed by the grape pomace phenolics after a complex metabolic process in vivo. Therefore, understanding the phenolic composition of grape pomace and its metabolism is the basis for an in-depth study of the biological activity of grape pomace polyphenols. In this paper, we first summarize the composition of phenolics in grape pomace, then review the recent studies on the metabolism of grape pomace phenolics, including changes in phenolics in the gastrointestinal tract, their pharmacokinetics in the systemic circulation, the tissue distribution of phenolic metabolites, and the beneficial effects of metabolites on intestinal health, and finally summarize the effects of human health status and dietary fiber on the metabolism of grape polyphenols. It is expected to provide help for the in-depth research on the metabolism and biological activity of grape pomace polyphenol extracts, and to provide theoretical support for the development and utilization of grape pomace.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenlu Yang
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Yulei Han
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xuelin Tian
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Marina Sajid
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Institute of Food and Nutritional Sciences, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Sajid Mehmood
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Department of Plant Pathology, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Hua Wang
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- China Wine Industry Technology Institute, Yinchuan, China
- Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Viti-Viniculture, Yangling, China
| | - Hua Li
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- China Wine Industry Technology Institute, Yinchuan, China
- Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Viti-Viniculture, Yangling, China
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13
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Chemopreventive and therapeutic properties of anthocyanins in breast cancer: A comprehensive review. Nutr Res 2022; 107:48-64. [PMID: 36179643 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2022.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Anthocyanins have received the attention of the scientific community because of their antioxidant, antimetastatic, and cancer-inhibitory properties. The aim of this review is to comprehensively summarize the possible mechanisms by which anthocyanins exhibit anticarcinogenic properties in breast cancer (BC) cell lines and animal models. Anthocyanins inhibit proinflammatory, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cell pathways and increase the activities of detoxification enzymes. In addition, downregulation of metalloproteinases by anthocyanins inhibits tumor invasion and metastatic processes in experimental systems. Anthocyanins mediate anticancer and angiogenic effects by modifying multiple receptor families. Furthermore, inhibition of cell-cycle upstream polo-like kinase signaling, the chromosomal replication checkpoint, and ataxia telangiectasia mutated signaling may contribute to the anticarcinogenic effects of anthocyanins. Finally, anthocyanins induce mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis and downregulate the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/AKT/mTOR pathway. In conclusion, anthocyanins have been shown to exert potential antitumor effects against breast carcinogenesis in vitro and in vivo, providing insights into the use of anthocyanins as a natural chemopreventive intervention in BC.
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14
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Clifford MN, King LJ, Kerimi A, Pereira-Caro MG, Williamson G. Metabolism of phenolics in coffee and plant-based foods by canonical pathways: an assessment of the role of fatty acid β-oxidation to generate biologically-active and -inactive intermediates. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:3326-3383. [PMID: 36226718 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2131730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
ω-Phenyl-alkenoic acids are abundant in coffee, fruits, and vegetables. Along with ω-phenyl-alkanoic acids, they are produced from numerous dietary (poly)phenols and aromatic amino acids in vivo. This review addresses how phenyl-ring substitution and flux modulates their gut microbiota and endogenous β-oxidation. 3',5'-Dihydroxy-derivatives (from alkyl-resorcinols, flavanols, proanthocyanidins), and 4'-hydroxy-phenolic acids (from tyrosine, p-coumaric acid, naringenin) are β-oxidation substrates yielding benzoic acids. In contrast, 3',4',5'-tri-substituted-derivatives, 3',4'-dihydroxy-derivatives and 3'-methoxy-4'-hydroxy-derivatives (from coffee, tea, cereals, many fruits and vegetables) are poor β-oxidation substrates with metabolism diverted via gut microbiota dehydroxylation, phenylvalerolactone formation and phase-2 conjugation, possibly a strategy to conserve limited pools of coenzyme A. 4'-Methoxy-derivatives (citrus fruits) or 3',4'-dimethoxy-derivatives (coffee) are susceptible to hepatic "reverse" hydrogenation suggesting incompatibility with enoyl-CoA-hydratase. Gut microbiota-produced 3'-hydroxy-4'-methoxy-derivatives (citrus fruits) and 3'-hydroxy-derivatives (numerous (poly)phenols) are excreted as the phenyl-hydracrylic acid β-oxidation intermediate suggesting incompatibility with hydroxy-acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, albeit with considerable inter-individual variation. Further investigation is required to explain inter-individual variation, factors determining the amino acid to which C6-C3 and C6-C1 metabolites are conjugated, the precise role(s) of l-carnitine, whether glycine might be limiting, and whether phenolic acid-modulation of β-oxidation explains how phenolic acids affect key metabolic conditions, such as fatty liver, carbohydrate metabolism and insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael N Clifford
- School of Bioscience and Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Laurence J King
- School of Bioscience and Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - Asimina Kerimi
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Maria Gema Pereira-Caro
- Department of Food Science and Health, Instituto Andaluz de Investigacion y Formacion Agraria Pesquera Alimentaria y de la Produccion Ecologica, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Gary Williamson
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
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15
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Leonard W, Liang A, Ranadheera CS, Fang Z, Zhang P. Fruit juices as a carrier of probiotics to modulate gut phenolics and microbiota. Food Funct 2022; 13:10333-10346. [PMID: 36134438 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo01851a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Here we attempted to deliver probiotics to the human gut using fruit juices as a carrier, which is less common despite the newest trend to incorporate probiotics into non-dairy food. Phenolic-rich fruit juices, including blueberry, black cherry, concord grape and pomegranate were fortified with Lactobacillus casei, and then compared and comprehensively assessed to develop novel non-fermented probiotic juices. In black cherry juice, probiotics had the most significant retention of viability after 14 days of storage at 4 °C, the least reduction in phenolics (14.59%) after in vitro gastrointestinal digestion, the highest concentration of phenolic metabolites and a significant increase in anaerobic bacteria after faecal fermentation (48 h). 16s rRNA gene sequencing showed that probiotic-enriched juice treatments were associated with highly distinctive Bacteroidota and Bacteroides vulgatus population. Overall, black cherry juice has the highest potential to be developed as a probiotic carrier with benefits in modulating the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Leonard
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia.
| | - Anqi Liang
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia.
| | - Chaminda Senaka Ranadheera
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia.
| | - Zhongxiang Fang
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia.
| | - Pangzhen Zhang
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia.
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16
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Carregosa D, Pinto C, Ávila-Gálvez MÁ, Bastos P, Berry D, Santos CN. A look beyond dietary (poly)phenols: The low molecular weight phenolic metabolites and their concentrations in human circulation. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2022; 21:3931-3962. [PMID: 36037277 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
A large number of epidemiological studies have shown that consumption of fruits, vegetables, and beverages rich in (poly)phenols promote numerous health benefits from cardiovascular to neurological diseases. Evidence on (poly)phenols has been applied mainly to flavonoids, yet the role of phenolic acids has been largely overlooked. Such phenolics present in food combine with those resulting from gut microbiota catabolism of flavonoids and chlorogenic acids and those produced by endogenous pathways, resulting in large concentrations of low molecular weight phenolic metabolites in human circulation. Independently of the origin, in human intervention studies using diets rich in (poly)phenols, a total of 137 low molecular weight phenolic metabolites have been detected and quantified in human circulation with largely unknown biological function. In this review, we will pinpoint two main aspects of the low molecular weight phenolic metabolites: (i) the microbiota responsible for their generation, and (ii) the analysis (quali- and quantitative) in human circulation and their respective pharmacokinetics. In doing so, we aim to drive scientific advances regarding the ubiquitous roles of low molecular weight phenolic metabolites using physiologically relevant concentrations and under (patho)physiologically relevant conditions in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diogo Carregosa
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School
- Faculdade Ciências Médicas, NMS
- FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campo dos Mártires da Pátria, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Catarina Pinto
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School
- Faculdade Ciências Médicas, NMS
- FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campo dos Mártires da Pátria, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - María Ángeles Ávila-Gálvez
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School
- Faculdade Ciências Médicas, NMS
- FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campo dos Mártires da Pátria, Lisboa, Portugal.,iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Paulo Bastos
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School
- Faculdade Ciências Médicas, NMS
- FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campo dos Mártires da Pátria, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - David Berry
- Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, Division of Microbial Ecology, University of Vienna, Djerassiplatz 1, Vienna, Austria
| | - Cláudia Nunes Santos
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School
- Faculdade Ciências Médicas, NMS
- FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campo dos Mártires da Pátria, Lisboa, Portugal.,iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, Oeiras, Portugal
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17
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Bouyahya A, Omari NE, EL Hachlafi N, Jemly ME, Hakkour M, Balahbib A, El Menyiy N, Bakrim S, Naceiri Mrabti H, Khouchlaa A, Mahomoodally MF, Catauro M, Montesano D, Zengin G. Chemical Compounds of Berry-Derived Polyphenols and Their Effects on Gut Microbiota, Inflammation, and Cancer. Molecules 2022; 27:3286. [PMID: 35630763 PMCID: PMC9146061 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27103286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Berry-derived polyphenols are bioactive compounds synthesized and secreted by several berry fruits. These polyphenols feature a diversity of chemical compounds, including phenolic acids and flavonoids. Here, we report the beneficial health effects of berry-derived polyphenols and their therapeutical application on gut-microbiota-related diseases, including inflammation and cancer. Pharmacokinetic investigations have confirmed the absorption, availability, and metabolism of berry-derived polyphenols. In vitro and in vivo tests, as well as clinical trials, showed that berry-derived polyphenols can positively modulate the gut microbiota, inhibiting inflammation and cancer development. Indeed, these compounds inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria and also promote beneficial bacteria. Moreover, berry-derived polyphenols exhibit therapeutic effects against different gut-microbiota-related disorders such as inflammation, cancer, and metabolic disorders. Moreover, these polyphenols can manage the inflammation via various mechanisms, in particular the inhibition of the transcriptional factor Nf-κB. Berry-derived polyphenols have also shown remarkable effects on different types of cancer, including colorectal, breast, esophageal, and prostate cancer. Moreover, certain metabolic disorders such as diabetes and atherosclerosis were also managed by berry-derived polyphenols through different mechanisms. These data showed that polyphenols from berries are a promising source of bioactive compounds capable of modulating the intestinal microbiota, and therefore managing cancer and associated metabolic diseases. However, further investigations should be carried out to determine the mechanisms of action of berry-derived polyphenol bioactive compounds to validate their safety and examinate their clinical uses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelhakim Bouyahya
- Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10106, Morocco
| | - Nasreddine El Omari
- Laboratory of Histology, Embryology, and Cytogenetic, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10100, Morocco;
| | - Naoufal EL Hachlafi
- Microbial Biotechnology and Bioactive Molecules Laboratory, Sciences and Technologies Faculty, Sidi Mohmed Ben Abdellah University, Imouzzer Road Fez, Fez 30003, Morocco;
| | - Meryem El Jemly
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University Mohammed VI for Health Science, Casablanca 82403, Morocco;
| | - Maryam Hakkour
- Laboratory of Biodiversity, Ecology, and Genome, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10106, Morocco; (M.H.); (A.B.)
| | - Abdelaali Balahbib
- Laboratory of Biodiversity, Ecology, and Genome, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10106, Morocco; (M.H.); (A.B.)
| | - Naoual El Menyiy
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, National Agency of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Taounate 34025, Morocco;
| | - Saad Bakrim
- Molecular Engineering, Valorization and Environment Team, Polydisciplinary Faculty of Taroudant, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir 80000, Morocco;
| | - Hanae Naceiri Mrabti
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Bio Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Analysis Research Team, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University, Rabat 10000, Morocco;
| | - Aya Khouchlaa
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, National Agency of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Taounate 34025, Morocco;
| | - Mohamad Fawzi Mahomoodally
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Mauritius, Reduit 80837, Mauritius;
| | - Michelina Catauro
- Department of Engineering, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Roma 29, 81031 Aversa, Italy
| | - Domenico Montesano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Physiology and Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, 42130 Konya, Turkey
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18
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Mohamedshah Z, Hayes M, Chadwick-Corbin S, Neilson AP, Ferruzzi MG. Bioaccessibility, gut microbial metabolism and intestinal transport of phenolics from 100% Concord grape juice and whole grapes are similar in a simulated digestion and fecal fermentation model. Food Funct 2022; 13:4315-4330. [PMID: 35297910 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo04226b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Phenolic rich 100% grape juice has been associated with many health benefits, but its place in dietary guidance is controversial relative to whole fruit. Direct comparisons of phenolic profiles and bioavailability between these food forms are needed. Phenolic bioaccessibility and metabolism from Concord (CG) and Niagara (NG) grapes and corresponding 100% juices were investigated using an in vitro digestion coupled with anaerobic gut fermentation model. Intestinal transport of resulting bioaccessible phenolics and microbial metabolites was estimated using a Caco-2 cell model. Total bioaccessible phenolics from both upper and lower digestion were similar (P > 0.05) between NG (400.9 ± 26.3 μmol per 100 g) and NGJ (349.5 ± 8.3 μmol per 100 g) and significantly different (P < 0.05) between CG (417.2 ± 24.4 μmol per 100 g) and CGJ (294.3 ± 45.4 μmol per 100 g) total cellular transport of phenolics was similar (P > 0.05) between whole grapes (89.4 ± 5.3 μmol per 100 g for CG, and 71.8 ± 2.4 μmol per 100 g for NG) and 100% juices (88.0 ± 5.6 μmol per 100 g for CGJ, and 85.3 ± 9.4 μmol per 100 g for NGJ). Differences were observed between the location of phenolic metabolism, bioaccessibility and subsequent cellular transport of individual phenolics between grapes and juice matrices. Specifically, greater amounts of phenolics were transported from grape juices than whole grapes from the upper tract. However, cumulative bioaccessibility and transport from upper and lower GI digestion/fermentation together indicates that the absorbable phenolics from 100% grape juice is similar to that of whole grapes, suggesting that phenolic-mediated health benefits from consumption of whole fruit and juice may be similar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zulfiqar Mohamedshah
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC, USA. .,Department of Food Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.
| | - Micaela Hayes
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC, USA. .,Department of Food Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.
| | - Sydney Chadwick-Corbin
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC, USA.
| | - Andrew P Neilson
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC, USA. .,Department of Food Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.
| | - Mario G Ferruzzi
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC, USA. .,Department of Food Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.
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19
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Dou Z, Chen C, Huang Q, Fu X. In vitro digestion of the whole blackberry fruit: bioaccessibility, bioactive variation of active ingredients and impacts on human gut microbiota. Food Chem 2022; 370:131001. [PMID: 34509148 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
In vitro digestion and fermentation of blackberry fruit was investigated, and results showed that the phenolics were mainly released in gastric phase while carbohydrates in small intestinal phase. The bioaccessibility for phenolics and carbohydrates were 42.80% and 69.30%, indicating most of phenolics still remain in colon and available for intestinal flora. The total phenolics released during the digestion account for the improvement of antioxidant and hypoglycemic activities. Especially, cyanidin-3-O-glucoside with higher released amount and bioaccessibility index (63.21%), exhibited the strongest α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. After fermentation, the non-digestible fractions of blackberry affected the ecosystem of the intestinal tract by decreasing the colonic pH (△pH = 1.10), enhancing the production of SCFAs and modulating gut microbiota composition (the ratio of Firmicute/Bacteroidetes decreased from13.18 to 0.87). The results provided insights into the digestive properties and health benefits of blackberry fruit after consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuman Dou
- SCUT-Zhuhai Institute of Modern Industrial Innovation, School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Chun Chen
- SCUT-Zhuhai Institute of Modern Industrial Innovation, School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangzhou Inst Modern Ind Technol, Nansha 511458, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, Guangzhou 510640, China; Overseas Expertise Introduction Center for Discipline Innovation of Food Nutrition and Human Health (111 Center), Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiang Huang
- SCUT-Zhuhai Institute of Modern Industrial Innovation, School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Xiong Fu
- SCUT-Zhuhai Institute of Modern Industrial Innovation, School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, Guangzhou 510640, China; Overseas Expertise Introduction Center for Discipline Innovation of Food Nutrition and Human Health (111 Center), Guangzhou, China
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20
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Coelho OGL, Alfenas RDCG, Debelo H, Wightman JD, Ferruzzi MG, Mattes RD. Effects of Concord grape juice flavor intensity and phenolic compound content on glycemia, appetite and cognitive function in adults with excess body weight: a randomized double-blind crossover trial. Food Funct 2021; 12:11469-11481. [PMID: 34698750 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo02049h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background & aims: Concord grape (Vitis lambrusca) juice (CGJ) contains a unique combination of polyphenolic compounds with diverse effects on human health. It also has an intense sensory profile that may modify food choice. Daily consumption of CGJ over 8 weeks reduced fasting blood glucose. However, the impact on 24h-postprandial glucose response from CGJ is still not clear. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of CGJ flavor intensity and phenolic content on 24 h postprandial glucose concentrations, appetitive sensations, and cognitive function in adults with excess body weight when consumed alone or with a meal. Methods: In a randomized, double-blind, crossover design study, participants consumed three types of beverages: 100% CGJ, a polyphenol-free grape flavored drink with the same flavor essence (LP) or a polyphenol-free grape flavored drink with reduced flavor essence (LPF) either without (trial I) or with (trial II) a meal. 24 h glucose was measured through continuous glucose monitoring. Phenolic metabolite excretion was assessed in 24 h urine samples. Appetite (hunger, thirst, fullness, desire to eat, and prospective consumption) and cognitive function (alertness, energetic, strength, calmness, and relaxation) were assessed hourly through visual analog scales. Results: Thirty-four adults completed trial I and 34 adults completed trial II. When consumed with a meal, beverages with customary flavor essence (CGJ and LP) reduced hunger, desire to eat, and prospective consumption and consumption of the polyphenol-free reduced flavor essence beverage was associated with higher 24 h glucose tAUC. No consistent effects were observed for cognitive outcomes. When consumed alone, CGJ was related to lower glycemic responses by those excreting a higher concentration of the phenolic metabolite iso/ferulic-3'-O-glucuronide, but in beverages without CG phenolics and reduced flavor essence, glycemia was higher among those excreting higher concentrations of caffeic acid-O-sulfate. Conclusions: Both natural phenolics and flavor essence of CGJ may help to moderate appetite and glycemia. Clinical Trials registered at http://www.clinicaltrials.gov: NCT03409484 (trial I) and NCT03409497 (trial II).
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Affiliation(s)
- Olívia G L Coelho
- Departamento de Nutrição e Saúde, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Hawi Debelo
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC, USA
| | | | - Mario G Ferruzzi
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC, USA
| | - Richard D Mattes
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
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21
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Caffeic acid, a dietary polyphenol, as a promising candidate for combination therapy. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-021-01947-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
AbstractIncreased effectiveness and decreasing toxicity are prime objectives in drug research. Overwhelming evidence suggests the use of appropriate combination therapy for the better efficacy of drugs owing to their synergistic profile. Dietary active constituents play a major role in health outcomes. Therefore, it is possible to increase the effectiveness of the drug by combining contemporary medication with active natural/semi-synthetic constituents. One such dietary constituent, caffeic acid (CA), is a by-product of the shikimate pathway in plants and is a polyphenol of hydroxycinnamic acid class. Extensive research on CA has proposed its efficacy against inflammatory, neurodegenerative, oncologic, and metabolic disorders. The synergistic/additive effects of CA in combination with drugs like caffeine, metformin, pioglitazone, and quercetin have been reported in several experimental models and thus the present review is an attempt to consolidate outcomes of this research. Multi-target-based mechanistic studies will facilitate the development of effective combination regimens of CA.
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Phenol Biological Metabolites as Food Intake Biomarkers, a Pending Signature for a Complete Understanding of the Beneficial Effects of the Mediterranean Diet. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13093051. [PMID: 34578929 PMCID: PMC8471182 DOI: 10.3390/nu13093051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The Mediterranean diet (MD) has become a dietary pattern of reference due to its preventive effects against chronic diseases, especially relevant in cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Establishing an objective tool to determine the degree of adherence to the MD is a pending task and deserves consideration. The central axis that distinguishes the MD from other dietary patterns is the choice and modality of food consumption. Identification of intake biomarkers of commonly consumed foods is a key strategy for estimating the degree of adherence to the MD and understanding the protective mechanisms that lead to a positive impact on health. Throughout this review we propose potential candidates to be validated as MD adherence biomarkers, with particular focus on the metabolites derived from the phenolic compounds that are associated with the consumption of typical Mediterranean plant foods. Certain phenolic metabolites are good indicators of the intake of specific foods, but others denote the intake of a wide-range of foods. For this, it is important to emphasise the need to increase the number of dietary interventions with specific foods in order to validate the biomarkers of MD adherence. Moreover, the identification and quantification of food phenolic intake biomarkers encouraging scientific research focuses on the study of the biological mechanisms in which polyphenols are involved.
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Van Doren WW, Iqbal UH, Helmer DA, Litke DR, Simon JE, Wu Q, Zhao D, Yin Z, Ho L, Osinubi O, Pasinetti GM. Changes in polyphenol serum levels and cognitive performance after dietary supplementation with Concord grape juice in veterans with Gulf War Illness. Life Sci 2021; 292:119797. [PMID: 34237311 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
AIMS We investigated whether the consumption of Concord grape juice (CGJ) was associated with increased bioavailability of serum metabolites and their potential impact on cognitive performance in Veterans with Gulf War Illness (GWI). MAIN METHODS Twenty-six veterans were selected from a cohort of 36 enrolled in a 24-week randomized, double-blind, Phase I/IIA clinical trial exploring whether the consumption of Concord grape juice (CGJ) was tolerable and safe in Veterans with GWI and improved cognitive function and fatigue. These 26 veterans were selected based on their completion of the entire 24-week protocol and documented adherence to the study beverage ≥80%. Differences in serum metabolite levels between CGJ and placebo at midpoint and endpoint were evaluated using two-way repeated measures ANOVA with post hoc Sidak's multiple comparison test. Bivariate correlations to assess for possible relationships between change in serum metabolite levels and change in cognitive function as measured by the Halstead Category Test-Russell Revised Version (RCAT) were also conducted. KEY FINDINGS Seventy-six metabolites were identified and quantified in this study, with three (cyanidin-glucuronide, me-cyanidin-glucuronide, and me-malvidin-glucuronide) found to be significantly higher (p < 0.05) in the CGJ group compared to placebo at 24 weeks. Significant associations between changes in cognitive function and changes in serum levels of epicatechin-sulphate (r = 0.48, p = 0.01) and petunidin-glucuronide (r = 0.53, p < 0.01) from baseline to 24 weeks were also observed. SIGNIFICANCE Our data suggest that dietary supplementation with CGJ is associated with increased bioavailability of specific phenolic metabolites, some of which may be correlated with cognitive performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- William W Van Doren
- War Related Illness and Injury Study Center, Veterans Affairs New Jersey Health Care System, 385 Tremont Avenue, East Orange, NJ 07018, USA.
| | - Umar Haris Iqbal
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA.
| | - Drew A Helmer
- War Related Illness and Injury Study Center, Veterans Affairs New Jersey Health Care System, 385 Tremont Avenue, East Orange, NJ 07018, USA; Center for Innovations in Quality, Effectiveness and Safety, Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, 2002 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - David R Litke
- War Related Illness and Injury Study Center, Veterans Affairs New Jersey Health Care System, 385 Tremont Avenue, East Orange, NJ 07018, USA; Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, 550 1st Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA.
| | - James E Simon
- New Use Agriculture and Natural Plant Products Program, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, 59 Dudley Road, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA.
| | - Qingli Wu
- New Use Agriculture and Natural Plant Products Program, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, 59 Dudley Road, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA.
| | - Danyue Zhao
- New Use Agriculture and Natural Plant Products Program, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, 59 Dudley Road, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Zhiya Yin
- New Use Agriculture and Natural Plant Products Program, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, 59 Dudley Road, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA.
| | - Lap Ho
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA.
| | - Omowunmi Osinubi
- War Related Illness and Injury Study Center, Veterans Affairs New Jersey Health Care System, 385 Tremont Avenue, East Orange, NJ 07018, USA; Department of Environmental & Occupational Health, Rutgers University School of Public Health, 683 Hoes Lane West, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.
| | - Giulio Maria Pasinetti
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; James J. Peters VA Medical Center, 130 West Kingsbridge Road, Bronx, NY 10468, USA.
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da Silva DT, Smaniotto FA, Costa IF, Baranzelli J, Muller A, Somacal S, Monteiro CS, Vizzotto M, Rodrigues E, Barcia MT, Emanuelli T. Natural deep eutectic solvent (NADES): A strategy to improve the bioavailability of blueberry phenolic compounds in a ready-to-use extract. Food Chem 2021; 364:130370. [PMID: 34182361 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated whether a ready-to-use extract obtained using a natural deep eutectic solvent (NADES) affects the pharmacokinetic profile of blueberry phenolic compounds compared to organic solvent (SORG)-extracted compounds. SORG extract was administered as an aqueous solution after solvent removal. Wistar rats received a single dose of crude extract of blueberry obtained using NADES (CE-NADES) or SORG (CE-SORG), followed by LC-DAD-MS/MS analysis of blood and cecal feces. Non-compartmental pharmacokinetic analysis revealed that CE-NADES increased the bioavailability of anthocyanins by 140% compared to CE-SORG. CE-NADES increased the stability of phenolic compounds during in vitro digestion by delaying gastric chyme neutralization. These results suggest that besides being an eco-friendly solvent for the extraction of phytochemicals, choline chloride:glycerol:citric acid-based NADES can be used as a ready-to-use vehicle for increasing oral absorption of bioactive compounds such as anthocyanins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dariane Trivisiol da Silva
- Post Graduate Program on Pharmacology, Center of Health Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; Integrated Center for Laboratory Analysis Development, Department of Food Technology and Science, Center of Rural Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Franciele Aline Smaniotto
- Integrated Center for Laboratory Analysis Development, Department of Food Technology and Science, Center of Rural Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Isabella Ferreira Costa
- Integrated Center for Laboratory Analysis Development, Department of Food Technology and Science, Center of Rural Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Julia Baranzelli
- Integrated Center for Laboratory Analysis Development, Department of Food Technology and Science, Center of Rural Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Aline Muller
- Integrated Center for Laboratory Analysis Development, Department of Food Technology and Science, Center of Rural Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Sabrina Somacal
- Integrated Center for Laboratory Analysis Development, Department of Food Technology and Science, Center of Rural Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Camila Sant'Anna Monteiro
- Integrated Center for Laboratory Analysis Development, Department of Food Technology and Science, Center of Rural Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Márcia Vizzotto
- Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Embrapa Clima Temperado, 96010-971 Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Eliseu Rodrigues
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Milene Teixeira Barcia
- Integrated Center for Laboratory Analysis Development, Department of Food Technology and Science, Center of Rural Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Emanuelli
- Integrated Center for Laboratory Analysis Development, Department of Food Technology and Science, Center of Rural Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
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Lang Y, Tian J, Meng X, Si X, Tan H, Wang Y, Shu C, Chen Y, Zang Z, Zhang Y, Wang J, Li B. Effects of α-Casein on the Absorption of Blueberry Anthocyanins and Metabolites in Rat Plasma Based on Pharmacokinetic Analysis. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:6200-6213. [PMID: 34044544 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c00082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Blueberry anthocyanins are well known for their beneficial biological activities. However, the poor bioavailability of anthocyanins limits their functional capacity in vivo. Our current study aimed to detect the effects of α-casein on the absorption of blueberry anthocyanins and their metabolites in rats. Blueberry anthocyanins with and without α-casein were intragastrically administered to two groups of rats and their blood samples were collected within 24 h. Results illustrated that rapid absorption of anthocyanins was observed in the rat plasma, but their concentration was relatively low. With the complexation of α-casein, the maximum concentration (Cmax) of bioavailable anthocyanins and metabolites could increase by 1.5-10.1 times (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). The promotional effect on the plasma absorption of malvidin-3-O-galactoside and vanillic acid was outstanding with the Cmax increasing from 0.032 to 0.323 and from 0.360 to 1.902 μg/mL, respectively (P < 0.01). Besides, the molecular docking models presented that anthocyanins could enter the structural cavity and interact with amino acid residues of α-casein, which was in accordance with the improved bioavailability of anthocyanins. Therefore, α-casein could assist more blueberry anthocyanins and their metabolites to enter blood circulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxi Lang
- College of Food Science, National R&D Professional Center for Berry Processing, National Engineering and Technology of Research Center for Small Berry, Key Laborotary of Healthy Food Nutrition and Innovative Manufacturing, Shenyang Agricultural University, Liaoning Province, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
| | - Jinlong Tian
- College of Food Science, National R&D Professional Center for Berry Processing, National Engineering and Technology of Research Center for Small Berry, Key Laborotary of Healthy Food Nutrition and Innovative Manufacturing, Shenyang Agricultural University, Liaoning Province, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
| | - Xianjun Meng
- College of Food Science, National R&D Professional Center for Berry Processing, National Engineering and Technology of Research Center for Small Berry, Key Laborotary of Healthy Food Nutrition and Innovative Manufacturing, Shenyang Agricultural University, Liaoning Province, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
| | - Xu Si
- College of Food Science, National R&D Professional Center for Berry Processing, National Engineering and Technology of Research Center for Small Berry, Key Laborotary of Healthy Food Nutrition and Innovative Manufacturing, Shenyang Agricultural University, Liaoning Province, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
| | - Hui Tan
- College of Food Science, National R&D Professional Center for Berry Processing, National Engineering and Technology of Research Center for Small Berry, Key Laborotary of Healthy Food Nutrition and Innovative Manufacturing, Shenyang Agricultural University, Liaoning Province, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
| | - Yuehua Wang
- College of Food Science, National R&D Professional Center for Berry Processing, National Engineering and Technology of Research Center for Small Berry, Key Laborotary of Healthy Food Nutrition and Innovative Manufacturing, Shenyang Agricultural University, Liaoning Province, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
| | - Chi Shu
- College of Food Science, National R&D Professional Center for Berry Processing, National Engineering and Technology of Research Center for Small Berry, Key Laborotary of Healthy Food Nutrition and Innovative Manufacturing, Shenyang Agricultural University, Liaoning Province, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
| | - Yi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Zhihuan Zang
- College of Food Science, National R&D Professional Center for Berry Processing, National Engineering and Technology of Research Center for Small Berry, Key Laborotary of Healthy Food Nutrition and Innovative Manufacturing, Shenyang Agricultural University, Liaoning Province, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
| | - Ye Zhang
- College of Food Science, National R&D Professional Center for Berry Processing, National Engineering and Technology of Research Center for Small Berry, Key Laborotary of Healthy Food Nutrition and Innovative Manufacturing, Shenyang Agricultural University, Liaoning Province, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
| | - Jiaxin Wang
- College of Food Science, National R&D Professional Center for Berry Processing, National Engineering and Technology of Research Center for Small Berry, Key Laborotary of Healthy Food Nutrition and Innovative Manufacturing, Shenyang Agricultural University, Liaoning Province, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
| | - Bin Li
- College of Food Science, National R&D Professional Center for Berry Processing, National Engineering and Technology of Research Center for Small Berry, Key Laborotary of Healthy Food Nutrition and Innovative Manufacturing, Shenyang Agricultural University, Liaoning Province, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
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Mehmood A, Zhao L, Wang Y, Pan F, Hao S, Zhang H, Iftikhar A, Usman M. Dietary anthocyanins as potential natural modulators for the prevention and treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A comprehensive review. Food Res Int 2021; 142:110180. [PMID: 33773656 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) refers to a metabolic syndrome linked with type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity, and cardiovascular diseases. It is characterized by the accumulation of triglycerides in the hepatocytes in the absence of alcohol consumption. The prevalence of NAFLD has abruptly increased worldwide, with no effective treatment yet available. Anthocyanins (ACNs) belong to the flavonoid subclass of polyphenols, are commonly present in various edible plants, and possess a broad array of health-promoting properties. ACNs have been shown to have strong potential to combat NAFLD. We critically assessed the literature regarding the pharmacological mechanisms and biopharmaceutical features of the action of ACNs on NAFLD in humans and animal models. We found that ACNs ameliorate NAFLD by improving lipid and glucose metabolism, increasing antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, and regulating gut microbiota dysbiosis. In conclusion, ACNs have potential to attenuate NAFLD. However, further mechanistic studies are required to confirm these beneficial impacts of ACNs on NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arshad Mehmood
- Beijing Advance Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Beijing Advance Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China.
| | - Yong Wang
- Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Fei Pan
- Beijing Advance Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Shuai Hao
- Beijing Advance Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Huimin Zhang
- Beijing Advance Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Asra Iftikhar
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Usman
- Beijing Advance Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
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27
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Nishioka A, Tobaruela EDC, Fraga LN, Tomás-Barberán FA, Lajolo FM, Hassimotto NMA. Stratification of Volunteers According to Flavanone Metabolite Excretion and Phase II Metabolism Profile after Single Doses of 'Pera' Orange and 'Moro' Blood Orange Juices. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13020473. [PMID: 33573276 PMCID: PMC7910827 DOI: 10.3390/nu13020473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Large interindividual variations in the biological response to citrus flavanones have been observed, and this could be associated with high variations in their bioavailability. The aim of this study was to identify the main determinants underlying interindividual differences in citrus flavanone metabolism and excretion. In a randomized cross-over study, non-obese and obese volunteers, aged 19-40 years, ingested single doses of Pera and Moro orange juices, and urine was collected for 24 h. A large difference in the recovery of the urinary flavanone phase II metabolites was observed, with hesperetin-sulfate and hesperetin-sulfo-O-glucuronide being the major metabolites. Subjects were stratified according to their total excretion of flavanone metabolites as high, medium, and low excretors, but the expected correlation with the microbiome was not observed at the genus level. A second stratification was proposed according to phase II flavanone metabolism, whereby participants were divided into two excretion groups: Profiles A and B. Profile B individuals showed greater biotransformation of hesperetin-sulfate to hesperetin-sulfo-O-glucuronide, as well as transformation of flavanone-monoglucuronide to the respective diglucuronides, suggestive of an influence of polymorphisms on UDP-glucuronosyltransferase. In conclusion, this study proposes a new stratification of volunteers based on their metabolic profiles. Gut microbiota composition and polymorphisms of phase II enzymes may be related to the interindividual variability of metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Nishioka
- Food Research Center (FoRC) and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil; (A.N.); (E.d.C.T.); (L.N.F.); (F.M.L.)
| | - Eric de Castro Tobaruela
- Food Research Center (FoRC) and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil; (A.N.); (E.d.C.T.); (L.N.F.); (F.M.L.)
| | - Layanne Nascimento Fraga
- Food Research Center (FoRC) and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil; (A.N.); (E.d.C.T.); (L.N.F.); (F.M.L.)
| | - Francisco A. Tomás-Barberán
- Research Group on Quality, Safety and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, Department of Food Science and Technology, CEBAS-CSIC, P.O. Box 164, Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain;
| | - Franco Maria Lajolo
- Food Research Center (FoRC) and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil; (A.N.); (E.d.C.T.); (L.N.F.); (F.M.L.)
| | - Neuza Mariko Aymoto Hassimotto
- Food Research Center (FoRC) and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil; (A.N.); (E.d.C.T.); (L.N.F.); (F.M.L.)
- Correspondence:
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28
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Ketnawa S, Reginio FC, Thuengtung S, Ogawa Y. Changes in bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity of plant-based foods by gastrointestinal digestion: a review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:4684-4705. [PMID: 33511849 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1878100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Phenolic compounds, omnipresent in plants, are a crucial part of the human diet and are of considerable interest due to their antioxidant properties and other potential beneficial health effects, for instance, antidiabetic, antihypertensive, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties. The consumption of a variety of plant-based foods containing various phenolic compounds has increased due to published scientific verification of several health benefits. The release of phenolic compounds and change in their bioactivities examined through in vitro simulated gastrointestinal digestion could provide information on the biological potency of bioactive components, which will allow us to elucidate their metabolic pathways and bioactivities at target sites. This review reports on the recent research results focused on changes during the gastro and/or intestinal phase. The effect of digestive enzymes and digestive pH conditions during simulated digestion accounted for the variations in bioaccessibility and bioavailability of phenolic antioxidants as well as the corresponding antioxidant activities were also summarized and presented in the review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunantha Ketnawa
- Graduate School of Horticulture, Chiba University, Matsudo, Chiba, Japan
| | - Florencio Collado Reginio
- Graduate School of Horticulture, Chiba University, Matsudo, Chiba, Japan.,Institute of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture and Food Science, University of the Philippines Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines
| | - Sukanya Thuengtung
- Graduate School of Horticulture, Chiba University, Matsudo, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yukiharu Ogawa
- Graduate School of Horticulture, Chiba University, Matsudo, Chiba, Japan
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Gonzali S, Perata P. Anthocyanins from Purple Tomatoes as Novel Antioxidants to Promote Human Health. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E1017. [PMID: 33092051 PMCID: PMC7590037 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9101017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Anthocyanins are plant secondary metabolites belonging to the class of polyphenols, whose beneficial roles in the prevention and treatment of several important human diseases have been demonstrated in many epidemiological studies. Their intake through diet strictly depends on the eating habits, as anthocyanins are contained in red and purple fruit and vegetables as well as in some processed foods and beverages, such as red wine. Genetic engineering and breeding programs have been recently carried out to increase the content of anthocyanins in candidate plant species which cannot offer satisfactory levels of these precious compounds. Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is a vegetable commodity where these strategies have resulted in success, leading to the production of new anthocyanin-rich fruit varieties, some of which are already marketed. These varieties produce purple fruits with a high nutraceutical value, combining the health benefits of the anthocyanins to the other classical tomato phytochemicals, particularly carotenoids. The antioxidant capacity in tomato purple fruits is higher than in non-anthocyanin tomatoes and their healthy role has already been demonstrated in both in vitro and in vivo studies. Recent evidence has indicated a particular capacity of tomato fruit anthocyanins to act as scavengers of harmful reactive chemical species and inhibitors of proliferating cancer cells, as well as anti-inflammatory molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pierdomenico Perata
- PlantLab, Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, 56127 Pisa, Italy;
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30
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de Lima Tavares Toscano L, Silva AS, de França ACL, de Sousa BRV, de Almeida Filho EJB, da Silveira Costa M, Marques ATB, da Silva DF, de Farias Sena K, Cerqueira GS, da Conceição Rodrigues Gonçalves M. A single dose of purple grape juice improves physical performance and antioxidant activity in runners: a randomized, crossover, double-blind, placebo study. Eur J Nutr 2020; 59:2997-3007. [PMID: 31732851 PMCID: PMC7755635 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-019-02139-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the effects of a single dose of juice on physical performance, oxidative stress, inflammation and muscle damage in runners. METHODS Fourteen recreational male runners (39 ± 9 years, VO2peak = 55.9 ± 6.5 ml/kg/min) performed two running tests to exhaustion at 80% of VO2max after ingesting grape juice or a placebo drink (10 ml/kg/day) randomly. Blood samples were taken before and 2 h after supplementation and immediately after running to analyze total antioxidant capacity (TAC), malondialdehyde (MDA), alpha-1 acid glycoprotein (A1GPA), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). RESULTS The participants ran for an average of 59.2 ± 27.8 min until exhaustion in the placebo group and for 68.4 ± 29.7 min until exhaustion in the grape juice intake group, which was a significantly longer time (p = 0.008). This improvement in physical performance was accompanied by a 43.6% increase in TAC (p = 0.000) at the post-exercise timepoint compared to the level at baseline. MDA, A1GPA, hs-CRP, CK, and LDH did not exhibit changes. In contrast, no significant change in any variable was observed after consuming the placebo drink. CONCLUSION The single-dose intake of purple grape juice demonstrated an ergogenic effect in recreational runners by increasing run time to exhaustion and increasing antioxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydiane de Lima Tavares Toscano
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Nutrição, Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
- Laboratório de Estudos do Treinamento Físico Aplicado ao Desempenho e a Saúde, Departamento de Educação Física, Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Campus I, Cidade Universitária, João Pessoa, Paraíba, CEP 58059-900, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Sérgio Silva
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Nutrição, Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil.
- Laboratório de Estudos do Treinamento Físico Aplicado ao Desempenho e a Saúde, Departamento de Educação Física, Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Campus I, Cidade Universitária, João Pessoa, Paraíba, CEP 58059-900, Brazil.
| | - Ana Carla Lima de França
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Nutrição, Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
- Laboratório de Estudos do Treinamento Físico Aplicado ao Desempenho e a Saúde, Departamento de Educação Física, Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Campus I, Cidade Universitária, João Pessoa, Paraíba, CEP 58059-900, Brazil
| | - Bruno Rafael Virgínio de Sousa
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Nutrição, Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
- Laboratório de Estudos do Treinamento Físico Aplicado ao Desempenho e a Saúde, Departamento de Educação Física, Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Campus I, Cidade Universitária, João Pessoa, Paraíba, CEP 58059-900, Brazil
| | - Eder Jackson Bezerra de Almeida Filho
- Laboratório de Estudos do Treinamento Físico Aplicado ao Desempenho e a Saúde, Departamento de Educação Física, Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Campus I, Cidade Universitária, João Pessoa, Paraíba, CEP 58059-900, Brazil
| | - Matheus da Silveira Costa
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Nutrição, Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
- Laboratório de Estudos do Treinamento Físico Aplicado ao Desempenho e a Saúde, Departamento de Educação Física, Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Campus I, Cidade Universitária, João Pessoa, Paraíba, CEP 58059-900, Brazil
| | | | | | - Klécia de Farias Sena
- Laboratório de Estudos do Treinamento Físico Aplicado ao Desempenho e a Saúde, Departamento de Educação Física, Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Campus I, Cidade Universitária, João Pessoa, Paraíba, CEP 58059-900, Brazil
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Ulaszewska M, Garcia-Aloy M, Vázquez-Manjarrez N, Soria-Florido MT, Llorach R, Mattivi F, Manach C. Food intake biomarkers for berries and grapes. GENES AND NUTRITION 2020; 15:17. [PMID: 32967625 PMCID: PMC7509942 DOI: 10.1186/s12263-020-00675-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Grapes and berries are two types of widely consumed fruits characterized by a high content in different phytochemicals. However, their accurate dietary assessment is particularly arduous, because of the already wide recognized bias associated with self-reporting methods, combined with the large range of species and cultivars and the fact that these fruits are popularly consumed not only in fresh and frozen forms but also as processed and derived products, including dried and canned fruits, beverages, jams, and jellies. Reporting precise type and/or quantity of grape and berries in FFQ or diaries can obviously be affected by errors. Recently, biomarkers of food intake (BFIs) rose as a promising tool to provide accurate information indicating consumption of certain food items. Protocols for performing systematic reviews in this field, as well as for assessing the validity of candidate BFIs have been developed within the Food Biomarker Alliance (FoodBAll) Project. This paper aims to evaluate the putative BIFs for blueberries, strawberries, raspberries, blackberries, cranberries, blackcurrant, and grapes. Candidate BFIs for grapes were resveratrol metabolites and tartaric acid. The metabolites considered as putative BFI for berries consumption were mostly anthocyanins derivatives together with several metabolites of ellagitannins and some aroma compounds. However, identification of BFIs for single berry types encountered more difficulties. In the absence of highly specific metabolites reported to date, we suggested some multi-metabolite panels that may be further investigated as putative biomarkers for some berry fruits.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ulaszewska
- Fondazione Edmund Mach, Research and Innovation Centre Food Quality and Nutrition, Via Mach 1, 38010, San Michele all'Adige, Italy.,Center for Omics Sciences, Proteomics and Metabolomics Facility - ProMeFa, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - M Garcia-Aloy
- Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomic Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, Food Technology Reference Net (XaRTA), Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute (INSA-UB), Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. .,CIBER de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - N Vázquez-Manjarrez
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UNH, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Dirección de Nutrición, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Slavador Zubiran, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - M T Soria-Florido
- Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomic Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, Food Technology Reference Net (XaRTA), Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute (INSA-UB), Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - R Llorach
- Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomic Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, Food Technology Reference Net (XaRTA), Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute (INSA-UB), Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - F Mattivi
- Fondazione Edmund Mach, Research and Innovation Centre Food Quality and Nutrition, Via Mach 1, 38010, San Michele all'Adige, Italy.,Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, CIBIO, University of Trent, Trento, Italy
| | - C Manach
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UNH, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
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32
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Carregosa D, Carecho R, Figueira I, N Santos C. Low-Molecular Weight Metabolites from Polyphenols as Effectors for Attenuating Neuroinflammation. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:1790-1807. [PMID: 31241945 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b02155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Age-associated pathophysiological changes such as neurodegenerative diseases are multifactorial conditions with increasing incidence and no existing cure. The possibility of altering the progression and development of these multifactorial diseases through diet is an attractive approach with increasing supporting data. Epidemiological and clinical studies have highlighted the health potential of diets rich in fruits and vegetables. Such food sources are rich in (poly)phenols, natural compounds increasingly associated with health benefits, having the potential to prevent or retard the development of various diseases. However, absorption and the blood concentration of (poly)phenols is very low when compared with their corresponding (poly)phenolic metabolites. Therefore, these serum-bioavailable metabolites are much more promising candidates to overcome cellular barriers and reach target tissues, such as the brain. Bearing this in mind, it will be reviewed that the molecular mechanisms underlying (poly)phenolic metabolites effects, range from 0.1 to <50 μM and their role on neuroinflammation, a central hallmark in neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diogo Carregosa
- CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas , Universidade NOVA de Lisboa , Lisboa , Portugal
- iBET , Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica , Avenida da República, Apartado 12 , 2781-901 Oeiras , Portugal
| | - Rafael Carecho
- CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas , Universidade NOVA de Lisboa , Lisboa , Portugal
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier , Universidade NOVA de Lisboa , Avenida da República , 2780-157 Oeiras , Portugal
| | - Inês Figueira
- iBET , Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica , Avenida da República, Apartado 12 , 2781-901 Oeiras , Portugal
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier , Universidade NOVA de Lisboa , Avenida da República , 2780-157 Oeiras , Portugal
| | - Cláudia N Santos
- CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas , Universidade NOVA de Lisboa , Lisboa , Portugal
- iBET , Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica , Avenida da República, Apartado 12 , 2781-901 Oeiras , Portugal
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier , Universidade NOVA de Lisboa , Avenida da República , 2780-157 Oeiras , Portugal
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33
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Liu X, Wang L, Jing N, Jiang G, Liu Z. Biostimulating Gut Microbiome with Bilberry Anthocyanin Combo to Enhance Anti-PD-L1 Efficiency against Murine Colon Cancer. Microorganisms 2020; 8:E175. [PMID: 31991820 PMCID: PMC7074734 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8020175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advances have revealed the essential role of gut microbiomes in the therapeutic efficiency of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Inspired by biostimulation, a method using nutrients to accelerate the growth of soil microorganisms and the recovery of soil microbial consortia, here we propose a bilberry anthocyanin combo containing chitosan and low molecular citrus pectin (LCP), in which LCP-chitosan is used to encapsulate anthocyanins so to enhance its digestive stability and, moreover, modulate the microbiome more favorable for the PD-L1 blockade treatment. Using murine MC38 colon cancer as a model system, we examined the effects of the combo on modulating the gut microbiome and therapeutic efficiency of PD-L1 blockade treatment. It was shown that bilberry anthocyanins enriched the subdominant species, increased both the concentration and the proportion of butyrate in feces and enhanced intratumoral CD8+ T cell infiltrations. The application of the bilberry anthocyanin combo restored the species diversity of gut microbiome decreased by LCP-chitosan and achieved the best control of tumor growth. These preliminary results indicated unprecedented opportunities of probiotics combo in improving the therapeutic efficiency of immune checkpoint inhibitor through manipulating gut microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luoyang Wang
- Key Lab of Industrial Biocatalysis, Ministry of Education, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; (X.L.); (N.J.); (G.J.)
| | | | | | - Zheng Liu
- Key Lab of Industrial Biocatalysis, Ministry of Education, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; (X.L.); (N.J.); (G.J.)
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34
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Mohamedshah Z, Chadwick-Corbin S, Wightman JD, Ferruzzi MG. Comparative assessment of phenolic bioaccessibility from 100% grape juice and whole grapes. Food Funct 2020; 11:6433-6445. [DOI: 10.1039/d0fo00792g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Concord and Niagara grape juice have comparable or greater absolute bioaccessibility of major classes of phenolic compounds compared to masticated whole grapes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zulfiqar Mohamedshah
- Plants for Human Health Institute
- North Carolina State University
- Kannapolis
- USA
- Department of Food Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences
| | | | | | - Mario G. Ferruzzi
- Plants for Human Health Institute
- North Carolina State University
- Kannapolis
- USA
- Department of Food Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences
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35
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Kalt W. Anthocyanins and Their C 6-C 3-C 6 Metabolites in Humans and Animals. Molecules 2019; 24:E4024. [PMID: 31703276 PMCID: PMC6891644 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24224024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Research on the bioavailability of anthocyanins has focused, historically, on the non-flavonoid (C6-Cn) products that arise from anthocyanins in vivo. However, this review focuses on the products of anthocyanins that still possess the flavonoid structure (C6-C3-C6). Described herein are aspects of the in vivo pool of C6-C3-C6 anthocyanin-derived intermediates. Properties related to molecular size, shape, and polarity conveyed by six major anthocyanidin structures are discussed. The presence of a glycoside or not, and a variety of possible phase 2 conjugates, gives rise to a chemically diverse pool of C6-C3-C6 intermediates. Chemical properties influence the in vivo stability of anthocyanin-derived products, as well as their suitability as a substrate for xenobiotic conjugation and transport, and their association with the biomatrix. The flavonoid structure is associated with bioactivity and the particular properties of these C6-C3-C6 products of anthocyanins determines their deposition in the body, which may influence in vivo processes and ultimately health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilhelmina Kalt
- Agriculture & Agri-Food Canada (Retired). 212 Foley Road, RR#3 Centreville, NS B0P 1J0, Canada
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36
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Iglesias-Carres L, Mas-Capdevila A, Bravo FI, Aragonès G, Arola-Arnal A, Muguerza B. A comparative study on the bioavailability of phenolic compounds from organic and nonorganic red grapes. Food Chem 2019; 299:125092. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.125092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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37
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Yuste S, Ludwig IA, Rubió L, Romero MP, Pedret A, Valls RM, Solà R, Motilva MJ, Macià A. In vivo biotransformation of (poly)phenols and anthocyanins of red-fleshed apple and identification of intake biomarkers. J Funct Foods 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2019.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
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38
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Goulas V, Hadjisolomou A. Dynamic changes in targeted phenolic compounds and antioxidant potency of carob fruit (Ceratonia siliqua L.) products during in vitro digestion. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2018.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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39
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Oliveira D, Latimer C, Parpot P, Gill CIR, Oliveira R. Antioxidant and antigenotoxic activities of Ginkgo biloba L. leaf extract are retained after in vitro gastrointestinal digestive conditions. Eur J Nutr 2019; 59:465-476. [PMID: 30721412 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-019-01915-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The recognized biological properties of Ginkgo biloba extracts potentiate their utilization as an ingredient for functional foods. However, the digestive conditions can affect the chemical composition of the extracts and consequently their biological properties, which can lead to food safety problems. Thus, the impact of in vitro-simulated upper gastrointestinal tract digestion on the chemical composition and bioactivity of Ginkgo biloba leaf extract (GBE) was evaluated. METHODS Physicochemical conditions of human digestion were simulated in vitro, and its impact on the chemical composition of GBE was investigated by electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry. The persistence of bioactivity was investigated by subjecting GBE and the in vitro digested extract (DGBE) to the same methodology. Antioxidant properties were assessed using 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate to measure the intracellular oxidation of Schizosaccharomyces pombe cells pre-incubated with GBE or DGBE and exposed to H2O2. Antigenotoxicity was tested by comet assay in HT-29 colon cancer cells pre-incubated with GBE or DGBE and challenged with H2O2. RESULTS The chemical analysis revealed a considerable change in chemical composition upon digestion. Pre-incubation with GBE or DGBE attenuated the H2O2-imposed intracellular oxidation in wild-type S. pombe cells, unlike the oxidative stress response-affected mutants sty1 and pap1, and decreased H2O2-induced DNA damage in HT-29 cells. The extracts did not induce toxicity in these eukaryotic models. CONCLUSION The chemical composition of GBE was affected by in vitro digestion, but the antioxidant and antigenotoxic activities persisted. Therefore, G. biloba extract may be suitable for use as food additive and contribute to a healthy colon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Oliveira
- Department of Biology, Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
| | - Cheryl Latimer
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health, Centre for Molecular Biosciences, University of Ulster, Cromore Road, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, BT52 1SA, UK
| | - Pier Parpot
- Centre of Chemistry, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal.,Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
| | - Chris I R Gill
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health, Centre for Molecular Biosciences, University of Ulster, Cromore Road, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, BT52 1SA, UK
| | - Rui Oliveira
- Department of Biology, Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal. .,Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal.
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40
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Jakobek L, Matić P. Non-covalent dietary fiber - Polyphenol interactions and their influence on polyphenol bioaccessibility. Trends Food Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2018.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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41
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Han F, Yang P, Wang H, Fernandes I, Mateus N, Liu Y. Digestion and absorption of red grape and wine anthocyanins through the gastrointestinal tract. Trends Food Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2018.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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42
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Nash V, Ranadheera CS, Georgousopoulou EN, Mellor DD, Panagiotakos DB, McKune AJ, Kellett J, Naumovski N. The effects of grape and red wine polyphenols on gut microbiota - A systematic review. Food Res Int 2018; 113:277-287. [PMID: 30195522 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2018.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 07/01/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
There is a growing body of evidence implicating the gut 'microbiome' role in overall human health. Bacterial species belonging to the genera Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium are generally considered to be beneficial and are commonly used in probiotic applications, whereas increases in some genera including Clostridum, Eubacterium and Bacteroides are implicated in negative health outcomes. Dietary polyphenols are bioactive compounds that have been found to increase the numbers of beneficial bacteria and antimicrobial actions against pathogenic bacteria, however most studies have been conducted in animal models or in-vitro colonic models. The aim of this systematic review was to provide an overview of recent trials on the effect of dietary grape and red wine polyphenols on the gut microbiota in humans. Following PRISMA guidelines, a systematic review was conducted of electronic databases (PubMed, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Wed of Science and Scopus) to identify human intervention trials examining the effect of grape or wine polyphenols on gut microbiota. Seven trials met the inclusion criteria. One study looked at changes in gut microbiota following the ingestion of de-alcoholised red wine or red wine, and six studies referred to gut microbiota as intermediates in formation of phenolic metabolites. All studies confirmed that ingested polyphenols from grape and red wine, were modulated by gut microbiota, increasing numbers of polyphenolic metabolites which were found in blood, urine, ileal fluid and faeces. Intake of polyphenols derived from grape and red wine can modulate gut microbiota and contribute to beneficial microbial ecology that can enhance human health benefits. Additionally, grape and red wine polyphenols were modulated by the gut microbiota and there is a potential for a two-way relationship between the gut microbiota and polyphenolic compounds. Nevertheless, additional research is required to fully understand the complex relationship between gut microbiota and dietary polyphenols before any health claims can be made in relation to human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Nash
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - C Senaka Ranadheera
- Collaborative Research in Bioactives and Biomarkers (CRIBB) Group, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia; School of Agriculture & Food, Faculty of Veterinary & Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Ekavi N Georgousopoulou
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia; Collaborative Research in Bioactives and Biomarkers (CRIBB) Group, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia; Department of Nutrition-Dietetics, School of Health and Education, Harokopio University, Athens 17671, Greece
| | - Duane D Mellor
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia; Collaborative Research in Bioactives and Biomarkers (CRIBB) Group, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Demosthenes B Panagiotakos
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia; Collaborative Research in Bioactives and Biomarkers (CRIBB) Group, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia; Department of Nutrition-Dietetics, School of Health and Education, Harokopio University, Athens 17671, Greece
| | - Andrew J McKune
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia; Collaborative Research in Bioactives and Biomarkers (CRIBB) Group, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia; University of Canberra Research Institute for Sport and Exercise, UC-RISE, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Jane Kellett
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia; Collaborative Research in Bioactives and Biomarkers (CRIBB) Group, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Nenad Naumovski
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia; Collaborative Research in Bioactives and Biomarkers (CRIBB) Group, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.
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43
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Williamson G, Kay CD, Crozier A. The Bioavailability, Transport, and Bioactivity of Dietary Flavonoids: A Review from a Historical Perspective. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2018; 17:1054-1112. [DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 271] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2018] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Colin D. Kay
- Food Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, Plants for Human Health Inst. North Carolina State Univ. North Carolina Research Campus Kannapolis NC 28081 U.S.A
| | - Alan Crozier
- Dept. of Nutrition Univ. of California Davis CA 95616 U.S.A
- School of Medicine Dentistry and Nursing, Univ. Glasgow Glasgow G12 8QQ UK
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44
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Borges G, Ottaviani JI, van der Hooft JJ, Schroeter H, Crozier A. Absorption, metabolism, distribution and excretion of (−)-epicatechin: A review of recent findings. Mol Aspects Med 2018; 61:18-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2017.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Revised: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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45
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Domínguez-Avila JA, Wall-Medrano A, Velderrain-Rodríguez GR, Chen CYO, Salazar-López NJ, Robles-Sánchez M, González-Aguilar GA. Gastrointestinal interactions, absorption, splanchnic metabolism and pharmacokinetics of orally ingested phenolic compounds. Food Funct 2018; 8:15-38. [PMID: 28074953 DOI: 10.1039/c6fo01475e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The positive health effects of phenolic compounds (PCs) have been extensively reported in the literature. An understanding of their bioaccessibility and bioavailability is essential for the elucidation of their health benefits. Before reaching circulation and exerting bioactions in target tissues, numerous interactions take place before and during digestion with either the plant or host's macromolecules that directly impact the organism and modulate their own bioaccessibility and bioavailability. The present work is focused on the gastrointestinal (GI) interactions that are relevant to the absorption and metabolism of PCs and how these interactions impact their pharmacokinetic profiles. Non-digestible cell wall components (fiber) interact intimately with PCs and delay their absorption in the small intestine, instead carrying them to the large intestine. PCs not bound to fiber interact with digestible nutrients in the bolus where they interfere with the digestion and absorption of proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, cholesterol, bile salts and micronutrients through the inhibition of digestive enzymes and enterocyte transporters and the disruption of micelle formation. PCs internalized by enterocytes may reach circulation (through transcellular or paracellular transport), be effluxed back into the lumen (P-glycoprotein, P-gp) or be metabolized by phase I and phase II enzymes. Some PCs can inhibit P-gp or phase I/II enzymes, which can potentially lead to drug-nutrient interactions. The absorption and pharmacokinetic parameters are modified by all of the interactions within the digestive tract and by the presence of other PCs. Undesirable interactions have promoted the development of nanotechnological approaches to promote the bioaccessibility, bioavailability, and bioefficacy of PCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Abraham Domínguez-Avila
- Coordinación de Tecnología de Alimentos de Origen Vegetal, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. Carretera a la Victoria Km 0.6. C.P. 83304, Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico.
| | - Abraham Wall-Medrano
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, Anillo Envolvente del Pronaf y Estocolmo s/n, CP 32310, Cd. Juárez, Chihuahua, Mexico.
| | - Gustavo R Velderrain-Rodríguez
- Coordinación de Tecnología de Alimentos de Origen Vegetal, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. Carretera a la Victoria Km 0.6. C.P. 83304, Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico.
| | - C-Y Oliver Chen
- Antioxidants Research Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, 711 Washington Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02111, USA.
| | - Norma Julieta Salazar-López
- Departamento de Investigación y Posgrado en Alimentos, Universidad de Sonora, Blvd. Luis Encinas y Rosales S/N Col. Centro, C.P. 83000, Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico.
| | - Maribel Robles-Sánchez
- Departamento de Investigación y Posgrado en Alimentos, Universidad de Sonora, Blvd. Luis Encinas y Rosales S/N Col. Centro, C.P. 83000, Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico.
| | - Gustavo A González-Aguilar
- Coordinación de Tecnología de Alimentos de Origen Vegetal, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. Carretera a la Victoria Km 0.6. C.P. 83304, Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico.
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Ferreira PS, Victorelli FD, Fonseca-Santos B, Chorilli M. A Review of Analytical Methods for p-Coumaric Acid in Plant-Based Products, Beverages, and Biological Matrices. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2018; 49:21-31. [PMID: 29757687 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2018.1459173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
p-Coumaric acid (p-CA), also known as 4-hydroxycinnamic acid, is a phenolic acid, which has been widely studied due to its beneficial effects against several diseases and its wide distribution in the plant kingdom. This phenolic compound can be found in the free form or conjugated with other molecules; therefore, its bioavailability and the pathways via which it is metabolized change according to its chemical structure. p-CA has potential pharmacological effects because it has high free radical scavenging, anti-inflammatory, antineoplastic, and antimicrobial activities, among other biological properties. It is therefore essential to choose the most appropriate and effective analytical method for qualitative and quantitative determination of p-CA in different matrices, such as plasma, urine, plant extracts, and drug delivery systems. The most-reported analytical method for this purpose is high-performance liquid chromatography, which is mostly coupled with some type of detectors, such as UV/Vis detector. However, other analytical techniques are also used to evaluate this compound. This review presents a summary of p-CA in terms of its chemical and pharmacokinetic properties, pharmacological effects, drug delivery systems, and the analytical methods described in the literature that are suitable for its quantification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Scanavez Ferreira
- a São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Araraquara , São Paulo , Brazil
| | | | - Bruno Fonseca-Santos
- a São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Araraquara , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Marlus Chorilli
- a São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Araraquara , São Paulo , Brazil
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Castello F, Costabile G, Bresciani L, Tassotti M, Naviglio D, Luongo D, Ciciola P, Vitale M, Vetrani C, Galaverna G, Brighenti F, Giacco R, Del Rio D, Mena P. Bioavailability and pharmacokinetic profile of grape pomace phenolic compounds in humans. Arch Biochem Biophys 2018; 646:1-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2018.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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48
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Garbetta A, Nicassio L, D'Antuono I, Cardinali A, Linsalata V, Attolico G, Minervini F. Influence of in vitro digestion process on polyphenolic profile of skin grape (cv. Italia) and on antioxidant activity in basal or stressed conditions of human intestinal cell line (HT-29). Food Res Int 2018; 106:878-884. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2018.01.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Revised: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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49
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Choi EH, Lee DY, Kim S, Chung JO, Choi JK, Joo KM, Jeong HW, Kim JK, Kim WG, Shim SM. Influence of flavonol-rich excipient food (onion peel and Dendropanax morbifera) on the bioavailability of green tea epicatechins in vitro and in vivo. Food Funct 2018; 8:3664-3674. [PMID: 28914949 DOI: 10.1039/c7fo01173c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The impacts of onion peel (OP) and Dendropanax morbifera (DM), as excipient foods rich in flavonols, on the digestive recovery, intestinal absorption, and pharmacokinetics of GT epicatechins were studied via an in vitro digestion model system with Caco-2 cells and an in vivo study. The digestive stability of total epicatechins recovered from GT upon the addition of 2% DM was up to 1.12 times higher than that observed with OP. The combined effects of OP and DM, which were observed with 2% OP + DM in a ratio of 1 : 4 (w : w), significantly increased (by a factor of 1.31) the digestive recovery of total epicatechins (p < 0.05). Remarkable cellular uptakes of EC (185.36%) and ECG (188.08%) were found with 4% OP + DM (4 : 1, w : w), and those of EGC (112.30%) and EGCG (136.27%) were obtained with 2% OP + DM (4 : 1, w : w) and 1% OP + DM (1 : 1, w : w), respectively. The peak plasma concentrations of total epicatechins from GT, GT + 5% OP, GT + 5% DM, and GT + 2% OP + 2% DM were 1044.78 ± 609.10, 2267.18 ± 3734.38, 1270.35 ± 547.59, and 714.53 ± 499.27 ng mL-1, respectively. The Cmax value of total epicatechins in rats orally administrated with GT with 5% OP was found to be approximately twice of that obtained with GT alone. The co-ingestion of GT with flavonol-rich excipient foods possibly enhances the absorption of epicatechins because flavonols act as not only enhancers of digestive stability but also modulators of the biotransformation of epicatechins. The results obtained from the current study suggest that the absorption of GT catechins can vary depending upon the kinds and doses of excipient foods co-ingested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Hye Choi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Sejong University, 98 Gunja-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-747, Republic of Korea.
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50
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Yang P, Yuan C, Wang H, Han F, Liu Y, Wang L, Liu Y. Stability of Anthocyanins and Their Degradation Products from Cabernet Sauvignon Red Wine under Gastrointestinal pH and Temperature Conditions. Molecules 2018; 23:E354. [PMID: 29414926 PMCID: PMC6017626 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23020354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2018] [Revised: 02/04/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the stability of wine anthocyanins under simulated gastrointestinal pH and temperature conditions, and further studied the evolution of anthocyanin degradation products through simulated digestive conditions. The aim of this study was to investigate the relation between anthocyanins' structure and their digestive stability. Results showed that a total of 22 anthocyanins were identified in wine and most of these anthocyanins remained stable under simulated gastric digestion process. However, a dramatic concentration decrease happened to these anthocyanins during simulated intestinal digestion. The stability of anthocyanins in digestive process appeared to be related to their structure. The methoxy group in the B-ring enhanced the stability of anthocyanins, whereas hydroxyl group resulted in a reduction of their stability. Acylation decreased the stability of malvidin 3-O-glucoside. Pyruvic acid conjugation enhanced the structural stability of pyranoanthocyanins, whereas acetaldehyde attachment weakened their stability. A commercial malvidin 3-O-glucoside standard was used to investigate anthocyanin degradation products under simulated digestion process, and syringic acid, protocatechuic acid and vanillic acid were confirmed to be the degradation products via anthocyanin chalcone conversion path. Gallic acid, protocatechuic acid, vanillic acid, syringic acid, and p-coumaric acid in wine experienced a significant concentration decrease during digestion process. However, wine model solution revealed that phenolic acids remained stable under gastrointestinal conditions, except gallic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Yang
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Chunlong Yuan
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
- Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Viti-Viniculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
- Heyang Viticulture Experimental Station, Northwest A&F University, Heyang 715300, China.
| | - Hua Wang
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
- Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Viti-Viniculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
- Heyang Viticulture Experimental Station, Northwest A&F University, Heyang 715300, China.
| | - Fuliang Han
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
- Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Viti-Viniculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
- Heyang Viticulture Experimental Station, Northwest A&F University, Heyang 715300, China.
| | - Yangjie Liu
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Lin Wang
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Yang Liu
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
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