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Yu S, Lee HM, Lee J, Hwang JT, Choi HK, Lee YG. Pennogenin 3- O-β-Chacotrioside Attenuates Hypertrophied Lipid Accumulation by Enhancing Mitochondrial Oxidative Capacity. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2970. [PMID: 38474216 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Excessive lipid accumulation in adipocytes is a primary contributor to the development of metabolic disorders, including obesity. The consumption of bioactive compounds derived from natural sources has been recognized as being safe and effective in preventing and alleviating obesity. Therefore, we aimed to explore the antilipidemic effects of pennogenin 3-O-β-chacotrioside (P3C), a steroid glycoside, on hypertrophied 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Oil Red O and Nile red staining demonstrated a P3C-induced reduction in lipid droplet accumulation. Additionally, the increased expression of adipogenic and lipogenic factors, including PPARγ and C/EBPα, during the differentiation process was significantly decreased by P3C treatment at both the protein and mRNA levels. Furthermore, P3C treatment upregulated the expression of fatty acid oxidation-related genes such as PGC1α and CPT1a. Moreover, mitochondrial respiration and ATP generation increased following P3C treatment, as determined using the Seahorse XF analyzer. P3C treatment also increased the protein expression of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation in hypertrophied adipocytes. Our findings suggest that P3C could serve as a natural lipid-lowering agent, reducing lipogenesis and enhancing mitochondrial oxidative capacity. Therefore, P3C may be a promising candidate as a therapeutic agent for obesity-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungmin Yu
- Personalized Diet Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute (KFRI), Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Min Lee
- Kimchi Industry Promotion Division, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju 61755, Republic of Korea
| | - Jangho Lee
- Personalized Diet Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute (KFRI), Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Taek Hwang
- Personalized Diet Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute (KFRI), Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Kyoung Choi
- Personalized Diet Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute (KFRI), Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Geon Lee
- Personalized Diet Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute (KFRI), Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
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Tian X, Dong W, Zhou W, Yan Y, Lu L, Mi J, Cao Y, Sun Y, Zeng X. The polysaccharides from the fruits of Lycium barbarum ameliorate high-fat and high-fructose diet-induced cognitive impairment via regulating blood glucose and mediating gut microbiota. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 258:129036. [PMID: 38151081 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.129036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
High-fat and high-fructose diet (HFFD) consumption can induce cognitive dysfunction and gut microbiota disorder. In the present study, the effects of the polysaccharides from the fruits of Lycium barbarum L. (LBPs) on HFFD-induced cognitive deficits and gut microbiota dysbiosis were investigated. The results showed that intervention of LBPs (200 mg/kg/day) for 14 weeks could significantly prevent learning and memory deficits in HFFD-fed mice, evidenced by a reduction of latency and increment of crossing parameters of platform quadrant in Morris water maze test. Moreover, oral administration of LBPs enhanced the expression of postsynaptic density protein 95 and brain-derived neurotrophic factor and reduced the activation of glial cells in hippocampus. Besides, LBPs treatment enriched the relative abundances of Allobaculum and Lactococcus and reduced the relative abundance of Proteobacteria in gut bacterial community of HFFD-fed mice, accompanied by increased levels of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) as well as expression of associated G protein-coupled receptors. Furthermore, LBPs intervention prevented insulin resistance, obesity and colonic inflammation. Finally, a significant correlation was observed among neuroinflammation associated parameters, gut microbiota and SCFAs through Pearson correlation analysis. Collectively, these findings suggested that the regulation of gut microbiota might be the potential mechanism of LBPs on preventing cognitive dysfunction induced by HFFD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Tian
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Wei Dong
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Wangting Zhou
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yamei Yan
- Institute of Wolfberry Engineering Technology, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan 750002, Ningxia, China; National Wolfberry Engineering Research Center, Yinchuan 750002, Ningxia, China
| | - Lu Lu
- Institute of Wolfberry Engineering Technology, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan 750002, Ningxia, China; National Wolfberry Engineering Research Center, Yinchuan 750002, Ningxia, China
| | - Jia Mi
- Institute of Wolfberry Engineering Technology, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan 750002, Ningxia, China; National Wolfberry Engineering Research Center, Yinchuan 750002, Ningxia, China
| | - Youlong Cao
- Institute of Wolfberry Engineering Technology, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan 750002, Ningxia, China; National Wolfberry Engineering Research Center, Yinchuan 750002, Ningxia, China
| | - Yi Sun
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xiaoxiong Zeng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
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Hong S, Park SK, Lee J, Park SH, Kim YS, Park JH, Yu S, Lee YG. Patulin Ameliorates Hypertrophied Lipid Accumulation and Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammatory Response by Modulating Mitochondrial Respiration. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1750. [PMID: 37760053 PMCID: PMC10526082 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12091750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Patulin (PAT) is a natural mycotoxin found in decaying pome fruits. Although some toxicological studies have been conducted on PAT, recent research has highlighted its anticancer and antifungal effects. However, studies have yet to examine the effects and molecular mechanisms of PAT in other metabolic diseases. Obesity is a chronic disease caused by excessive food intake and abnormal lifestyle, leading to low-grade inflammation. Therefore, this study aimed to elucidate the effect of PAT on obesity at the cellular level. PAT treatment reduced lipid accumulation, suppressed glucose and LDL uptake, inhibited lipid deposition and triglyceride synthesis, upregulated fatty acid oxidation-related genes (Pgc1α), and downregulated adipogenic/lipogenic genes (Pparγ and C/ebpα) in hypertrophied 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Additionally, PAT treatment enhanced mitochondrial respiration and mass in differentiated adipocytes and alleviated inflammatory response in activated RAW 264.7 macrophages. Moreover, PAT treatment downregulated pro-inflammatory genes (il-6, Tnf-α, Cox-2, and inos), suppressed lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced increase in inflammatory mediators (IL-6, TNF-α, and NO), and restored mitochondrial oxidative function in LPS-stimulated macrophages by improving oxygen consumption and mitochondrial integrity and suppressing ROS generation. Overall, these findings suggest a potential for PAT in the prevention of lipid accumulation and inflammation-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seulmin Hong
- Personalized Diet Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute (KFRI), Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea; (S.H.); (S.K.P.); (J.L.); (S.H.P.); (J.-H.P.)
- Department of Food Science & Technology, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea;
| | - Seon Kyeong Park
- Personalized Diet Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute (KFRI), Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea; (S.H.); (S.K.P.); (J.L.); (S.H.P.); (J.-H.P.)
| | - Jangho Lee
- Personalized Diet Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute (KFRI), Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea; (S.H.); (S.K.P.); (J.L.); (S.H.P.); (J.-H.P.)
| | - Soo Hyun Park
- Personalized Diet Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute (KFRI), Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea; (S.H.); (S.K.P.); (J.L.); (S.H.P.); (J.-H.P.)
| | - Young-Soo Kim
- Department of Food Science & Technology, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea;
| | - Jae-Ho Park
- Personalized Diet Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute (KFRI), Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea; (S.H.); (S.K.P.); (J.L.); (S.H.P.); (J.-H.P.)
| | - Seungmin Yu
- Personalized Diet Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute (KFRI), Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea; (S.H.); (S.K.P.); (J.L.); (S.H.P.); (J.-H.P.)
| | - Yu Geon Lee
- Personalized Diet Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute (KFRI), Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea; (S.H.); (S.K.P.); (J.L.); (S.H.P.); (J.-H.P.)
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Wang L, Liu Y, Gao H, Ge S, Yao X, Liu C, Tan X. Chronotoxicity of Acrylamide in Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet: The Involvement of Liver CYP2E1 Upregulation and Gut Leakage. Molecules 2023; 28:5132. [PMID: 37446793 PMCID: PMC10343525 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28135132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Acrylamide (ACR) is produced under high-temperature cooking of carbohydrate-rich foods via the Maillard reaction. It has been reported that ACR has hepatic toxicity and can induce liver circadian disorder. A high fat diet (HFD) could dysregulate liver detoxification. The current study showed that administration of ACR (100 mg/kg) reduced the survival rate in HFD-fed mice, which was more pronounced when treated during the night phase than during the day phase. Furthermore, ACR (25 mg/kg) treatment could cause chronotoxicity in mice fed a high-fat diet, manifested as more severe mitochondrial damage of liver during the night phase than during the day phase. Interestingly, HFD induced a higher CYP2E1 expressions for those treated during the night phase, leading to more severe DNA damage. Meanwhile, the expression of gut tight junction proteins also significantly decreases at night phase, leading to the leakage of LPSs and exacerbating the inflammatory response at night phase. These results indicated that a HFD could induce the chronotoxicity of ACR in mice liver, which may be associated with increases in CYP2E1 expression in the liver and gut leak during the night phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luanfeng Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, China;
| | - Yanhong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China; (Y.L.); (H.G.); (S.G.); (X.Y.); (C.L.)
| | - Huajing Gao
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China; (Y.L.); (H.G.); (S.G.); (X.Y.); (C.L.)
| | - Shuqi Ge
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China; (Y.L.); (H.G.); (S.G.); (X.Y.); (C.L.)
| | - Xinru Yao
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China; (Y.L.); (H.G.); (S.G.); (X.Y.); (C.L.)
| | - Chang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China; (Y.L.); (H.G.); (S.G.); (X.Y.); (C.L.)
| | - Xintong Tan
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China; (Y.L.); (H.G.); (S.G.); (X.Y.); (C.L.)
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Zheng Y, Yang N, Pang Y, Gong Y, Yang H, Ding W, Yang H. Mitochondria-associated regulation in adipose tissues and potential reagents for obesity intervention. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1132342. [PMID: 37396170 PMCID: PMC10313115 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1132342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction A systematic review analysis was used to assess the profile of mitochondrial involvement in adipose tissue regulation and potential reagents to intervene in obesity through the mitochondrial pathway. Methods Three databases, PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase, were searched online for literature associated with mitochondria, obesity, white adipose tissue, and brown adipose tissue published from the time of their creation until June 22, 2022, and each paper was screened. Results 568 papers were identified, of which 134 papers met the initial selection criteria, 76 were selected after full-text review, and 6 were identified after additional searches. A full-text review of the included 82 papers was performed. Conclusion Mitochondria play a key role in adipose tissue metabolism and energy homeostasis, including as potential therapeutic agents for obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yali Zheng
- Department of Fundamental Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ni Yang
- Department of Fundamental Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yueshan Pang
- Department of Fundamental Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanju Gong
- Department of Fundamental Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hong Yang
- Department of Fundamental Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- School of Medical and Life Sciences/Reproductive & Women-Children Hospital, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Weijun Ding
- Department of Fundamental Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongya Yang
- Department of Fundamental Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Majdalawieh AF, Eltayeb AE, Abu-Yousef IA, Yousef SM. Hypolipidemic and Anti-Atherogenic Effects of Sesamol and Possible Mechanisms of Action: A Comprehensive Review. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28083567. [PMID: 37110801 PMCID: PMC10146572 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28083567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Sesamol is a phenolic lignan isolated from Sesamum indicum seeds and sesame oil. Numerous studies have reported that sesamol exhibits lipid-lowering and anti-atherogenic properties. The lipid-lowering effects of sesamol are evidenced by its effects on serum lipid levels, which have been attributed to its potential for significantly influencing molecular processes involved in fatty acid synthesis and oxidation as well as cholesterol metabolism. In this review, we present a comprehensive summary of the reported hypolipidemic effects of sesamol, observed in several in vivo and in vitro studies. The effects of sesamol on serum lipid profiles are thoroughly addressed and evaluated. Studies highlighting the ability of sesamol to inhibit fatty acid synthesis, stimulate fatty acid oxidation, enhance cholesterol metabolism, and modulate macrophage cholesterol efflux are outlined. Additionally, the possible molecular pathways underlying the cholesterol-lowering effects of sesamol are presented. Findings reveal that the anti-hyperlipidemic effects of sesamol are achieved, at least in part, by targeting liver X receptor α (LXRα), sterol regulatory element binding protein-1 (SREBP-1), and fatty acid synthase (FAS) expression, as well as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) and AMP activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathways. A detailed understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the anti-hyperlipidemic potential of sesamol is necessary to assess the possibility of utilizing sesamol as an alternative natural therapeutic agent with potent hypolipidemic and anti-atherogenic properties. Research into the optimal sesamol dosage that may bring about such favorable hypolipidemic effects should be further investigated, most importantly in humans, to ensure maximal therapeutic benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin F Majdalawieh
- Department of Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates
| | - Aaram E Eltayeb
- Department of Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates
| | - Imad A Abu-Yousef
- Department of Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sarah M Yousef
- Department of Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates
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Liu Q, Fang J, Huang W, Liu S, Zhang X, Gong G, Huang L, Lin X, Wang Z. The intervention effects of konjac glucomannan with different molecular weights on high-fat and high-fructose diet-fed obese mice based on the regulation of gut microbiota. Food Res Int 2023; 165:112498. [PMID: 36869507 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.112498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Konjac is a high-quality dietary fiber rich in β-glucomannan, which has been reported to possess anti-obesity effects. To explore the effective components and the structure-activity relationships of konjac glucomannan (KGM), three different molecular weight components (KGM-1 (90 kDa), KGM-2 (5 kDa), KGM-3 (1 kDa)) were obtained, and systematical comparisons of their effects on high-fat and high-fructose diet (HFFD)-induced obese mice were investigated in the present study. Our results indicated that KGM-1, with its larger molecular weight, reduced mouse body weight and improved their insulin resistance status. KGM-1 markedly inhibited lipid accumulation in mouse livers induced by HFFD by downregulating Pparg expression and upregulating Hsl and Cpt1 expressions. Further investigation revealed that dietary supplementation with konjac glucomannan at different molecular weights caused β-diversity changes in gut microbes. The potential weight loss effect of KGM-1 maybe attributed to the abundance of changes in Coprobacter, Streptococcus, Clostridium IV, and Parasutterella. The results provide a scientific basis for the in-depth development and utilization of konjac resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Liu
- Shaanxi Natural Carbohydrate Resource Engineering Research Center, College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Jie Fang
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Wenqi Huang
- Shaanxi Natural Carbohydrate Resource Engineering Research Center, College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Sining Liu
- Shaanxi Natural Carbohydrate Resource Engineering Research Center, College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Xueting Zhang
- Shaanxi Natural Carbohydrate Resource Engineering Research Center, College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Guiping Gong
- Shaanxi Natural Carbohydrate Resource Engineering Research Center, College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Linjuan Huang
- Shaanxi Natural Carbohydrate Resource Engineering Research Center, College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Xiaoliang Lin
- Infinitus (China) Company Ltd., Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong, China.
| | - Zhongfu Wang
- Shaanxi Natural Carbohydrate Resource Engineering Research Center, College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China.
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Sun M, Ye H. Natural Foods for the Treatment of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. J Med Food 2023; 26:1-13. [PMID: 36579939 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2022.k.0052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common chronic liver diseases worldwide. The etiology of NAFLD is highly heterogeneous, which occurs and develops under the joint action of metabolism, inflammation, genetics, environment, and gut microbiota. At present, the principal therapeutic modalities targeting NAFLD are lifestyle interventions such as weight loss through diet and exercise. At present, there is no established therapy for the treatment of NAFLD, and many therapies are associated with a variety of side effects. A great number of in vitro and in vivo experiments have indicated that there are many natural foods that have therapeutic potential for NAFLD. This review summarizes the natural foods and their mechanisms that were found in recent years, furthermore, provides further information relevant to the treatment of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengxia Sun
- The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Hua Ye
- The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
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Antidepressive Effect of Natural Products and Their Derivatives Targeting BDNF-TrkB in Gut-Brain Axis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314968. [PMID: 36499295 PMCID: PMC9737781 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Modern neurological approaches enable detailed studies on the pathophysiology and treatment of depression. An imbalance in the microbiota-gut-brain axis contributes to the pathogenesis of depression. This extensive review aimed to elucidate the antidepressive effects of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)-targeting therapeutic natural products and their derivatives on the gut-brain axis. This information could facilitate the development of novel antidepressant drugs. BDNF is crucial for neuronal genesis, growth, differentiation, survival, plasticity, and synaptic transmission. Signaling via BDNF and its receptor tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) plays a vital role in the etiopathogenesis of depression and the therapeutic mechanism of antidepressants. This comprehensive review provides information to researchers and scientists for the identification of novel therapeutic approaches for neuropsychiatric disorders, especially depression and stress. Future research should aim to determine the possible causative role of BDNF-TrkB in the gut-brain axis in depression, which will require further animal and clinical research as well as the development of analytical approaches.
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Yun D, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Jia M, Xie T, Zhao Y, Yang C, Chen W, Guo R, Liu X, Dai X, Liu Z, Yuan T. Sesamol Attenuates Scopolamine-Induced Cholinergic Disorders, Neuroinflammation, and Cognitive Deficits in Mice. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:13602-13614. [PMID: 36239029 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c04292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease, characterized by memory loss and cognitive deficits accompanied by neuronal damage and cholinergic disorders. Sesamol, a lignan component in sesame oil, has been proven to have neuroprotective effects. This research aimed to investigate the preventive effects of sesamol on scopolamine (SCOP)-induced cholinergic disorders in C57BL/6 mice. The mice were pretreated with sesamol (100 mg/kg/d, p.o.) for 30 days. Behavioral tests indicated that sesamol supplement prevented SCOP-induced cognitive deficits. Sesamol enhanced the expression of neurotrophic factors and postsynaptic density (PSD) in SCOP-treated mice, reversing neuronal damage and synaptic dysfunction. Importantly, sesamol could balance the cholinergic system by suppressing the AChE activity and increasing the ChAT activity and M1 mAChR expression. Sesamol treatment also inhibited the expression of inflammatory factors and overactivation of microglia in SCOP-treated mice. Meanwhile, sesamol improved the antioxidant enzyme activity and suppressed oxidative stress in SCOP-treated mice and ameliorated the oxidized cellular status and mitochondrial dysfunction in SCOP-treated SH-SY5Y cells. In conclusion, these results indicated that sesamol attenuated SCOP-induced cognitive dysfunction via balancing the cholinergic system and reducing neuroinflammation and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duo Yun
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi712100, China
| | - Yajie Wang
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi712100, China
| | - Yuyu Zhang
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi712100, China
| | - Mengzhen Jia
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi712100, China
| | - Tianzhi Xie
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi712100, China
| | - Yihang Zhao
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi712100, China
| | - Cong Yang
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi712100, China
| | - Weixuan Chen
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi712100, China
| | - Rui Guo
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi712100, China
| | - Xuebo Liu
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi712100, China
| | - Xiaoshuang Dai
- BGI Institute of Applied Agriculture, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong518120, China
| | - Zhigang Liu
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi712100, China
| | - Tian Yuan
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, Shaanxi712100, China
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Luo Z, Li M, Yang Q, Zhang Y, Liu F, Gong L, Han L, Wang M. Ferulic Acid Prevents Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease by Promoting Fatty Acid Oxidation and Energy Expenditure in C57BL/6 Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14122530. [PMID: 35745260 PMCID: PMC9230086 DOI: 10.3390/nu14122530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a consensus that ferulic acid (FA), the most prominent phenolic acid in whole grains, displays a protective effect in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), though its underlying mechanism not fully elucidated. This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of FA on high-fat diet (HFD)-induced NAFLD in mice and its potential mechanism. C57BL/6 mice were divided into the control diet (CON) group, the HFD group, and the treatment (HFD+FA) group, fed with an HFD and FA (100 mg/kg/day) by oral gavage for 12 weeks. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining and Oil Red O staining were used to evaluate liver tissue pathological changes and lipid accumulation respectively. It was demonstrated that FA supplementation prevented HFD-induced NAFLD, which was evidenced by the decreased accumulation of lipid and hepatic steatosis in the HFD+FA group. Specifically, FA supplementation decreased hepatic triacylglycerol (TG) content by 33.5% (p < 0.01). Metabolic cage studies reveal that FA-treated mice have elevated energy expenditure by 11.5% during dark phases. Mechanistically, FA treatment increases the expression of rate-limiting enzymes of fatty acid oxidation and ketone body biosynthesis CPT1A, ACOX1 and HMGCS2, which are the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors α (PPARα) targets in liver. In conclusion, FA could effectively prevent HFD-induced NAFLD possibly by activating PPARα to increase energy expenditure and decrease the accumulation of triacylglycerol in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixin Luo
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (Z.L.); (M.L.); (Q.Y.); (F.L.); (L.H.)
| | - Mengqian Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (Z.L.); (M.L.); (Q.Y.); (F.L.); (L.H.)
| | - Qiong Yang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (Z.L.); (M.L.); (Q.Y.); (F.L.); (L.H.)
| | - Yuhong Zhang
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa 850000, China;
| | - Fang Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (Z.L.); (M.L.); (Q.Y.); (F.L.); (L.H.)
| | - Lan Gong
- Microbiome Research Centre, St George and Sutherland Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia;
| | - Lin Han
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (Z.L.); (M.L.); (Q.Y.); (F.L.); (L.H.)
| | - Min Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (Z.L.); (M.L.); (Q.Y.); (F.L.); (L.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +86-029-8709-2486
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12
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Hu MM, Chen JH, Zhang QQ, Song ZY, Shaukat H, Qin H. Sesamol counteracts on metabolic disorders of middle-aged alimentary obese mice through regulating skeletal muscle glucose and lipid metabolism. Food Nutr Res 2022; 66:8231. [PMID: 35382382 PMCID: PMC8941404 DOI: 10.29219/fnr.v66.8231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Globally, obesity is a significant public problem, especially when aging. Sesamol, a phenolic lignan present in sesame seeds, might have a positive effect on high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity associated with aging. Objective The purpose of current research study was to explore salutary effects and mechanisms of sesamol in treating alimentary obesity and associated metabolic syndrome in middle-aged mice. Methods C57BL/6J mice aged 4–6 weeks and 6–8 months were assigned to the young normal diet group, middle-aged normal diet group, middle-aged HFD group, and middle-aged HFD + sesamol group. At the end of experiment, glucose tolerance test and insulin tolerance test were performed; the levels of lipids and oxidative stress-related factors in the serum and skeletal muscle were detected using chemistry reagent kits; lipid accumulation in skeletal muscle was observed by oil red O staining; the expressions of muscular glucose and lipid metabolism associated proteins were measured by Western blotting. Results Sesamol decreased the body weight and alleviated obesity-associated metabolism syndrome in middle-aged mice, such as glucose intolerance, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and oxidative stress. Moreover, muscular metabolic disorders were attenuated after treatment with sesamol. It increased the expression of glucose transporter type-4 and down-regulated the protein levels of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase isozyme 4, implying the increase of glucose uptake and oxidation. Meanwhile, sesamol decreased the expression of sterol regulatory element binding protein 1c and up-regulated the phosphorylation of hormone-sensitive lipase and the level of carnitine palmityl transferase 1α, which led to the declined lipogenesis and the increased lipolysis and lipid oxidation. In addition, the SIRT1/AMPK signaling pathway was triggered by sesamol, from which it is understood how sesamol enhances glucose and lipid metabolism. Conclusions Sesamol counteracts on metabolic disorders of middle-aged alimentary obese mice through regulating skeletal muscle glucose and lipid metabolism, which might be associated with the stimulation of the SIRT1/AMPK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Min Hu
- Department of Nutrition Science and Food Hygiene, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ji-Hua Chen
- Department of Nutrition Science and Food Hygiene, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Quan-Quan Zhang
- Department of Nutrition Science and Food Hygiene, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zi-Yu Song
- Department of Nutrition Science and Food Hygiene, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Horia Shaukat
- Department of Nutrition Science and Food Hygiene, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hong Qin
- Department of Nutrition Science and Food Hygiene, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
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13
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Zhang SQ, Tian D, Hu CY, Meng YH. Chlorogenic Acid Ameliorates High-Fat and High-Fructose Diet-Induced Cognitive Impairment via Mediating the Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:2600-2615. [PMID: 35188379 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c07479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Chlorogenic acid (CGA) displays cognition-improving properties, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Herein, CGA supplementation (150 mg/kg body weight) for 14 weeks significantly prevented obesity and insulin resistance, cognitive-behavioral disturbances, and synaptic dysfunction induced by a high-fat and high-fructose diet (HFFD). Moreover, CGA supplementation enhanced the expression of genes enriched in the neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction pathway and reduced inflammatory factor expressions. Furthermore, CGA treatment increased gut microbiota diversity and the level of bacterial genera producing SCFAs. CGA also decreased the concentration of energy metabolism substrates, while it increased phosphorylcholine. Finally, we observed a significant correlation among synaptic transmission genes, gut microbiota, and neurotransmission in the CGA supplementation group by targeted multiomics analysis. Together, our results supported that the alteration of gut microbiota and metabolite composition is the underlying mechanism of CGA improving cognitive function. CGA is also a promising intervention strategy to prevent HFFD-induced cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Qing Zhang
- The Engineering Research Center for High-Valued Utilization of Fruit Resources in Western China, Ministry of Education; National Research & Development Center of Apple Processing Technology; College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, 620 West Changan Avenue, Changan, Xian 710119, P. R. China
| | - Dan Tian
- The Engineering Research Center for High-Valued Utilization of Fruit Resources in Western China, Ministry of Education; National Research & Development Center of Apple Processing Technology; College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, 620 West Changan Avenue, Changan, Xian 710119, P. R. China
| | - Ching Yuan Hu
- The Engineering Research Center for High-Valued Utilization of Fruit Resources in Western China, Ministry of Education; National Research & Development Center of Apple Processing Technology; College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, 620 West Changan Avenue, Changan, Xian 710119, P. R. China
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1955 East-West Road, AgSci. 415J, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, United States
| | - Yong Hong Meng
- The Engineering Research Center for High-Valued Utilization of Fruit Resources in Western China, Ministry of Education; National Research & Development Center of Apple Processing Technology; College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, 620 West Changan Avenue, Changan, Xian 710119, P. R. China
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14
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Natural bioactive constituents from herbs and nutraceuticals promote browning of white adipose tissue. Pharmacol Res 2022; 178:106175. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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15
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Hu MM, Zheng WY, Cheng MH, Song ZY, Shaukat H, Atta M, Qin H. Sesamol Reverses Myofiber-Type Conversion in Obese States via Activating the SIRT1/AMPK Signal Pathway. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:2253-2264. [PMID: 35166533 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c08036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Obesity can evoke changes of skeletal muscle structure and function, which are characterized by the conversion of myofiber from type I to type II, leading to a vicious cycle of metabolic disorders. Reversing the muscle fiber-type conversion in obese states is a novel strategy for treating those with obesity. Sesamol, a food ingredient compound isolated from sesame seeds, exerted potential antiobesity effects. The present research aimed to explore the therapeutic effects of sesamol on obesity-related skeletal muscle-fiber-type conversion and elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms through utilizing a high-fat-diet-induced obese C57BL/6J mice model and palmitic acid-exposed C2C12 myotubes. The results showed that sesamol attenuated obesity-related metabolic disturbances, elevated exercise endurance of obese mice, and decreased lipid accumulation and insulin resistance in skeletal muscle. After the treatment with sesamol, the muscular mitochondrial content and biogenesis were increased, accompanied by the enzyme activities and myosin heavy-chain isoform changed from type II fiber to type I fiber. Mechanistic studies revealed that the effects of sesamol on reversing skeletal muscle-fiber-type conversion in obese states were associated with the stimulation of the muscular sirtuin 1 (SIRT1)/AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signal pathway, and these effects could be inhibited by a specific inhibitor of SIRT1, EX-527. In conclusion, our research provided novel evidence that sesamol could regulate myofiber-type conversion to treat obesity and obesity-related metabolic disorders by stimulating the muscular SIRT1/AMPK signal pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Min Hu
- Department of Nutrition Science and Food Hygiene, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410078, Hunan Province China
| | - Wen-Ya Zheng
- Department of Nutrition Science and Food Hygiene, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410078, Hunan Province China
| | - Ming-Hui Cheng
- Department of Nutrition Science and Food Hygiene, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410078, Hunan Province China
| | - Zi-Yu Song
- Department of Nutrition Science and Food Hygiene, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410078, Hunan Province China
| | - Horia Shaukat
- Department of Nutrition Science and Food Hygiene, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410078, Hunan Province China
| | - Mahnoor Atta
- Department of Nutrition Science and Food Hygiene, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410078, Hunan Province China
| | - Hong Qin
- Department of Nutrition Science and Food Hygiene, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410078, Hunan Province China
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16
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Wang L, Chen W, Tian Y, Duan X, Yuan Y, Wang N, Xu C, Liu X, Liu Z. Preventive Effects of Sesamol on Deep‐frying Oil‐induced Liver Metabolism Disorders by Altering Gut Microbiota and Protecting Gut Barrier Integrity. Mol Nutr Food Res 2022; 66:e2101122. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202101122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering Northwest A&F University Yangling 712100 China
| | - Weixuan Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering Northwest A&F University Yangling 712100 China
| | - Yujie Tian
- College of Food Science and Engineering Northwest A&F University Yangling 712100 China
| | - Xiaorong Duan
- College of Food Science and Engineering Northwest A&F University Yangling 712100 China
| | - Yi Yuan
- College of Food Science and Engineering Northwest A&F University Yangling 712100 China
| | - Na Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology Henan Agricultural University Zhengzhou 450002 China
- Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Health Food Zhengzhou 450002 China
| | - Chao Xu
- College of Food Science and Technology Henan Agricultural University Zhengzhou 450002 China
- Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Health Food Zhengzhou 450002 China
| | - Xuebo Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering Northwest A&F University Yangling 712100 China
| | - Zhigang Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering Northwest A&F University Yangling 712100 China
- Department of Food Science Cornell University Ithaca New York 14853 United States
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17
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Liu Q, Xie T, Xi Y, Li L, Mo F, Liu X, Liu Z, Gao JM, Yuan T. Sesamol Attenuates Amyloid Peptide Accumulation and Cognitive Deficits in APP/PS1 Mice: The Mediating Role of the Gut-Brain Axis. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:12717-12729. [PMID: 34669408 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c04687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disease, is the leading cause of dementia. Sesamol is a lignan extracted from sesame oil and has been found to exert neuroprotective effects. The present study aimed to investigate the neuroprotective effects of sesamol on APPswe/PS1dE9 transgenic AD mice. The AD mice were fed with a diet supplemented with sesamol (0.075 w/w %). Sesamol treatment improved spatial memory and learning ability in AD mice, improved neuronal damage, and decreased Aβ accumulation. Sesamol protected the synaptic ultrastructure and inhibited neuroinflammatory responses in the brain of AD mice. Sesamol also significantly inhibited the overactivated microglia and reduced the overexpression of TNF-α and IL-1β in the brain of AD mice. Notably, sesamol reshaped gut microbiota by significantly decreasing the relative abundance of Helicobacter hepaticus, Clostridium, and Bacillaceae, enhancing the relative abundance of Rikenellaceae and Bifidobacterium in AD mice. It has been found that sesamol protected the gut barrier integrity and prevented the LPS leakage into the serum. Importantly, sesamol remarkably enhanced the content of SCFAs, including acetate, propionate, isobutyrate, butyrate, and valerate, in AD mice. Correlation analysis indicated that there was a strong correlation between the levels of SCFAs and cognitive functions. These results demonstrated that sesamol attenuated AD-related cognitive dysfunction and neuroinflammatory responses, which could be partly explained by its role in mediating the gut microbe-SCFA-brain axis. Thus, sesamol is a promising nutritional intervention strategy to prevent AD via the microbiota-gut-brain axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Liu
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- Department of Naval Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Tianzhi Xie
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yujia Xi
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Ling Li
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Fengfeng Mo
- Department of Naval Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xuebo Liu
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Zhigang Liu
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Jin-Ming Gao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Tian Yuan
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, P. R. China
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18
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Quesada-Vázquez S, Colom-Pellicer M, Navarro-Masip È, Aragonès G, Del Bas JM, Caimari A, Escoté X. Supplementation with a Specific Combination of Metabolic Cofactors Ameliorates Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, Hepatic Fibrosis, and Insulin Resistance in Mice. Nutrients 2021; 13:3532. [PMID: 34684533 PMCID: PMC8541294 DOI: 10.3390/nu13103532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) have emerged as the leading causes of chronic liver disease in the world. Obesity, insulin resistance, and dyslipidemia are multifactorial risk factors strongly associated with NAFLD/NASH. Here, a specific combination of metabolic cofactors (a multi-ingredient; MI) containing precursors of glutathione (GSH) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) (betaine, N-acetyl-cysteine, L-carnitine and nicotinamide riboside) was evaluated as effective treatment for the NAFLD/NASH pathophysiology. Six-week-old male mice were randomly divided into control diet animals and animals exposed to a high fat and high fructose/sucrose diet to induce NAFLD. After 16 weeks, diet-induced NAFLD mice were distributed into two groups, treated with the vehicle (HFHFr group) or with a combination of metabolic cofactors (MI group) for 4 additional weeks, and blood and liver were obtained from all animals for biochemical, histological, and molecular analysis. The MI treatment reduced liver steatosis, decreasing liver weight and hepatic lipid content, and liver injury, as evidenced by a pronounced decrease in serum levels of liver transaminases. Moreover, animals supplemented with the MI cocktail showed a reduction in the gene expression of some proinflammatory cytokines when compared with their HFHFr counterparts. In addition, MI supplementation was effective in decreasing hepatic fibrosis and improving insulin sensitivity, as observed by histological analysis, as well as a reduction in fibrotic gene expression (Col1α1) and improved Akt activation, respectively. Taken together, supplementation with this specific combination of metabolic cofactors ameliorates several features of NAFLD, highlighting this treatment as a potential efficient therapy against this disease in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Quesada-Vázquez
- Eurecat, Technology Centre of Catalunya, Nutrition and Health Unit, 43204 Reus, Spain; (S.Q.-V.); (J.M.D.B.)
| | - Marina Colom-Pellicer
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain; (M.C.-P.); (È.N.-M.); (G.A.)
| | - Èlia Navarro-Masip
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain; (M.C.-P.); (È.N.-M.); (G.A.)
| | - Gerard Aragonès
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain; (M.C.-P.); (È.N.-M.); (G.A.)
| | - Josep M. Del Bas
- Eurecat, Technology Centre of Catalunya, Nutrition and Health Unit, 43204 Reus, Spain; (S.Q.-V.); (J.M.D.B.)
| | - Antoni Caimari
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Biotechnology Area, 43204 Reus, Spain;
| | - Xavier Escoté
- Eurecat, Technology Centre of Catalunya, Nutrition and Health Unit, 43204 Reus, Spain; (S.Q.-V.); (J.M.D.B.)
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19
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Yang Y, Qu Y, Lv X, Zhao R, Yu J, Hu S, Kang J, Zhang Y, Gong Y, Cui T, Zhang X, Yan Y. Sesamol supplementation alleviates nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and atherosclerosis in high-fat, high carbohydrate and high-cholesterol diet-fed rats. Food Funct 2021; 12:9347-9359. [PMID: 34606548 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo01517f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Sesamol, a major ingredient in sesame seeds (Sesamum indicum L.) and its oil, is considered a powerful functional food ingredient. However, few studies have investigated its effects on high-fat, high carbohydrate and high-cholesterol (HF-HCC) diet-induced nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) complicated with atherosclerosis. The present study elucidates the protective effects of sesamol against NASH and atherosclerosis in HF-HCC diet-fed rats. Sprague-Dawley rats were supplemented with or without sesamol in drinking water (0.05 mg mL-1, 0.1 mg mL-1 and 0.2 mg mL-1) from the beginning to end. At the end of the experiment, sesamol supplementation suppressed HF-HCC diet-induced body weight gain and increased absolute liver and adipose tissue weights in rats. Serum biochemical analyses showed that sesamol supplementation improved HF-HCC diet-induced metabolism disorders and damaged vascular endothelial function. Histological examinations displayed that dietary sesamol not only alleviated hepatic balloon degeneration, steatosis, inflammation and fibrosis, but also mitigated lipid accumulation and fibrous elements in the aorta arch in HF-HCC diet-fed rats. In addition, sesamol supplementation inhibited hepatic NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) expression and ERS-IRE1 signaling pathway activation. Moreover, sesamol treatment decreased uric acid levels both in serum and the liver by its effect on the inhibition of xanthine oxidase (XO) activity and/or its expression, which might be closely associated with the inhibitions of NLRP3 expression and ERS-IRE1 signaling pathway activation in HF-HCC diet-fed rats. These findings demonstrated that sesamol alleviated NASH and atherosclerosis in HF-HCC diet-fed rats, and may be a potent dietary supplement for protection against these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China.
| | - Yuan Qu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China.
| | - Xiaoqiang Lv
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China.
| | - Ruijin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China.
| | - Jing Yu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China.
| | - Suying Hu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China.
| | - Jingqi Kang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China.
| | - Yaling Zhang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China.
| | - Ye Gong
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China.
| | - Tingting Cui
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China.
| | - Xin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China.
| | - Yaping Yan
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China.
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20
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Wang J, Zhang W, Li M, Li X. The new coumarin compound Bis 3 ameliorates cognitive disorder and suppresses brain-intestine-liver systematic oxidative stress in high-fat diet mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 137:111293. [PMID: 33485120 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
High-fat diet (HFD)-induced systemic oxidative damage is critical to the pathological process of obesity and is associated with energy metabolism and cognitive disorders. In our previous research, the coumarin derivative Bis 3 was shown to improve neurological disorders as a potent free radical scavenger. In this study, a 12-week high-fat diet model was established, and mice were randomly divided into 3 groups: standard diet, high-fat diet, and high-fat diet with Bis 3 treatment. Our results demonstrated that Bis 3 attenuated body weight gain and inhibited the development of insulin resistance in high-fat diet-fed mice. Bis 3 protected against high fat-induced intestinal barrier integrity damage and lipid content disorder. HFD-induced hepatocyte lipid metabolism disorder and hepatocyte damage were also alleviated by Bis 3. Moreover, the results of cognitive tests indicated that Bis 3 attenuated high fat-induced cerebral dysfunction, such as cognitive disorders. Importantly, Bis 3 simultaneously ameliorated oxidative stress in the digestive and central nervous systems. These findings suggest that Bis 3 protects against systematic oxidative stress in HFD-induced obese mice, balancing insulin resistance, lipid metabolic disorders, and cognitive disorders through its antioxidative effects, indicating that Bis 3, a novel free radical scavenger, might represent a new therapeutic strategy for high fat-induced chronic systemic redox imbalance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wentong Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mingkai Li
- Department of Pharmacology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Xia Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
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21
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Cheng J, Liu Y, Liu Y, Liu D, Liu Y, Guo Y, Wu Z, Li H, Wang H. Ursolic acid alleviates lipid accumulation by activating the AMPK signaling pathway in vivo and in vitro. J Food Sci 2020; 85:3998-4008. [PMID: 33001454 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.15475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The mechanism underlying the effect of ursolic acid (UA) on lipid metabolism remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the mechanisms of UA in reducing lipid accumulation in free fatty acids-cultured HepG2 cells and in high-fat-diet-fed C57BL/6J mice. In vivo, UA effectively alleviated liver steatosis and decreased the size of adipocytes in the epididymis. It also significantly decreased the total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) contents in the liver and plasma in C57BL/6 mice. In vitro, UA (20 µM) significantly reduced lipid accumulation; the intracellular TC contents decreased from 0.078 ± 0.0047 to 0.049 ± 0.0064 µmol/mg protein, and TG contents from 0.133 ± 0.005 to 0.066 ± 0.0047 µmol/mg protein, in HepG2 cells. Furthermore, UA reduced the mRNA expression related to fat synthesis, enhanced the mRNA expression related to adipose decomposition, and dramatically upregulated the protein expression of P-AMPK in vivo and in vitro. Of note, these protective effects of UA on a high-fat environment were blocked by the AMPK inhibitor (compound C) in vitro. In addition, the molecular docking results suggested that UA could be docked to the AMPK protein as an AMPK activator. These results indicated that UA lowered the lipid content probably via activating the AMPK signaling pathway, thereby inhibiting lipid synthesis and promoting fat decomposition. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Ursolic acid (UA) widely exists in vegetables and fruits. This study highlighted a lipid-lowing mechanism of UA in HepG2 cells and C57BL/6J mice. The data indicated that UA might be used in lipid-lowering functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology (TUST), Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Ying Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology (TUST), Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Yaojie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology (TUST), Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Dong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology (TUST), Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Animal and Plant and Food Inspection Center of Tianjin Customs (Former Tianjin Inspection and Quarantine Bureau), Tianjin, 300461, China
| | - Yatu Guo
- Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin, 300384, China
| | - Zijian Wu
- College of Biotechnology and Food Science, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin, 300143, China
| | - Heyu Li
- Tianjin Ubasio Biotechnology Group Co. Ltd., Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Hao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology (TUST), Tianjin, 300457, China
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22
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Zhang Q, Gonzalez de Mejia E. Protocatechuic acid attenuates adipogenesis-induced inflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction in 3T3-L1 adipocytes by regulation of AMPK pathway. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2020.103972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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23
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Lee DH, Chang SH, Yang DK, Song NJ, Yun UJ, Park KW. Sesamol Increases Ucp1 Expression in White Adipose Tissues and Stimulates Energy Expenditure in High-Fat Diet-Fed Obese Mice. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12051459. [PMID: 32443555 PMCID: PMC7284577 DOI: 10.3390/nu12051459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Sesamol found in sesame oil has been shown to ameliorate obesity by regulating lipid metabolism. However, its effects on energy expenditure and the underlying molecular mechanism have not been clearly elucidated. In this study, we show that sesamol increased the uncoupling protein 1 (Ucp1) expression in adipocytes. The administration of sesamol in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice prevented weight gain and improved metabolic derangements. The three-week sesamol treatment of HFD-fed mice, when the body weights were not different between the sesamol and control groups, increased energy expenditure, suggesting that an induced energy expenditure is a primary contributing factor for sesamol’s anti-obese effects. Consistently, sesamol induced the expression of energy-dissipating thermogenic genes, including Ucp1, in white adipose tissues. The microarray analysis showed that sesamol dramatically increased the Nrf2 target genes such as Hmox1 and Atf3 in adipocytes. Moreover, 76% (60/79 genes) of the sesamol-induced genes were also regulated by tert-butylhydroquinone (tBHQ), a known Nrf2 activator. We further verified that sesamol directly activated the Nrf2-mediated transcription. In addition, the Hmox1 and Ucp1 induction by sesamol was compromised in Nrf2-deleted cells, indicating the necessity of Nrf2 in the sesamol-mediated Ucp1 induction. Together, these findings demonstrate the effects of sesamol in inducing Ucp1 and in increasing energy expenditure, further highlighting the use of the Nrf2 activation in stimulating thermogenic adipocytes and in increasing energy expenditure in obesity and its related metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Ho Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Food Clinical Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (D.H.L.); (S.-H.C.); (N.-J.S.); (U.J.Y.)
| | - Seo-Hyuk Chang
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Food Clinical Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (D.H.L.); (S.-H.C.); (N.-J.S.); (U.J.Y.)
| | - Dong Kwon Yang
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeollabuk-do 54596, Korea;
| | - No-Joon Song
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Food Clinical Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (D.H.L.); (S.-H.C.); (N.-J.S.); (U.J.Y.)
| | - Ui Jeong Yun
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Food Clinical Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (D.H.L.); (S.-H.C.); (N.-J.S.); (U.J.Y.)
| | - Kye Won Park
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Food Clinical Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (D.H.L.); (S.-H.C.); (N.-J.S.); (U.J.Y.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-031-290-7804; Fax: +82-031-290-7882
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Divakaran SJ, Srivastava S, Jahagirdar A, Rajendran R, Sukhdeo SV, Rajakumari S. Sesaminol induces brown and beige adipocyte formation through suppression of myogenic program. FASEB J 2020; 34:6854-6870. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.201902124r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Soumya Jaya Divakaran
- Cardiovascular Diseases and Diabetes Biology Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology Thiruvananthapuram India
| | - Simran Srivastava
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics Indian Institute of Science Bengaluru India
| | - Anusha Jahagirdar
- Cardiovascular Diseases and Diabetes Biology Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology Thiruvananthapuram India
| | - Rajprabu Rajendran
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics Indian Institute of Science Bengaluru India
| | - Shinde Vijay Sukhdeo
- Department of Lipid Science, Lipidomics Center CSIR‐Central Food Technological Research Institute Mysuru India
| | - Sona Rajakumari
- Cardiovascular Diseases and Diabetes Biology Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology Thiruvananthapuram India
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics Indian Institute of Science Bengaluru India
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25
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Ghadge GA, Gourishetti K, Chamallamudi MR, Nampurath GK, Nandakumar K, Kumar N. Sesamol protects MIN6 pancreatic beta cells against simvastatin-induced toxicity by restoring mitochondrial membrane potentials. 3 Biotech 2020; 10:149. [PMID: 32181111 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-020-2146-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Statins, the drugs for the treatment of dyslipidemia, have been suggested to impact insulin sensitivity, resulting in pancreatic β-cell dysfunction, and consequently, lead to new onset of diabetes. Taking this as a clue, the present study was designed to evaluate the protective effect of sesamol (a known antioxidant, antidiabetic and antidyslipidemic agent) against the diabetogenic potential of simvastatin. The toxic effects of simvastatin and sesamol on MIN6 insulinoma (Mouse pancreatic β cells) cells were evaluated separately by MTT assay. The protective effect of sesamol was evaluated at the IC50 value of simvastatin at doses ranging from 7.8 to 62.5 micromolar (µM). Further, the reversal of the impact of simvastatin on cell cycle and mitochondrial membrane potential by sesamol pretreatment was studied. The IC50 for simvastatin and sesamol were found to be 70.05 ± 2.34 μM and 2134 ± 8.41 μM, respectively, after 48 h and 72 h of incubation. Sesamol pretreatment protected the MIN6 cells from simvastatin toxicity (70 µM) in a dose-dependent manner from 7.8 to 31.25 µM. Simvastatin induced cell cycle arrest in G0/G1 phase. However, when cells were preincubated with sesamol for 24 h, a reversal in the cell cycle arrest was observed in simvastatin-treated cells (G0/G1). Pretreatment with sesamol also reduced the mitochondrial membrane potential loss compared to simvastatin treatment alone. These in vitro findings indicate that sesamol has a protective effect against simvastatin-induced toxicity on the pancreatic beta cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Girish A Ghadge
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104 India
| | - Karthik Gourishetti
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104 India
| | - Mallikarjuna Rao Chamallamudi
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104 India
| | - Gopalan Kutty Nampurath
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104 India
| | - Krishnadas Nandakumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104 India
| | - Nitesh Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104 India
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26
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Lycopene prevents lipid accumulation in hepatocytes by stimulating PPARα and improving mitochondrial function. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2020.103857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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27
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Xu B, Shen J, Li D, Ning B, Guo L, Bing H, Chen J, Li Y. Overexpression of microRNA-9 inhibits 3T3-L1 cell adipogenesis by targeting PNPLA3 via activation of AMPK. Gene 2020; 730:144260. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2019.144260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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28
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Liu Z, Dai X, Zhang H, Shi R, Hui Y, Jin X, Zhang W, Wang L, Wang Q, Wang D, Wang J, Tan X, Ren B, Liu X, Zhao T, Wang J, Pan J, Yuan T, Chu C, Lan L, Yin F, Cadenas E, Shi L, Zhao S, Liu X. Gut microbiota mediates intermittent-fasting alleviation of diabetes-induced cognitive impairment. Nat Commun 2020; 11:855. [PMID: 32071312 PMCID: PMC7029019 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-14676-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 240] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cognitive decline is one of the complications of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Intermittent fasting (IF) is a promising dietary intervention for alleviating T2D symptoms, but its protective effect on diabetes-driven cognitive dysfunction remains elusive. Here, we find that a 28-day IF regimen for diabetic mice improves behavioral impairment via a microbiota-metabolites-brain axis: IF enhances mitochondrial biogenesis and energy metabolism gene expression in hippocampus, re-structures the gut microbiota, and improves microbial metabolites that are related to cognitive function. Moreover, strong connections are observed between IF affected genes, microbiota and metabolites, as assessed by integrative modelling. Removing gut microbiota with antibiotics partly abolishes the neuroprotective effects of IF. Administration of 3-indolepropionic acid, serotonin, short chain fatty acids or tauroursodeoxycholic acid shows a similar effect to IF in terms of improving cognitive function. Together, our study purports the microbiota-metabolites-brain axis as a mechanism that can enable therapeutic strategies against metabolism-implicated cognitive pathophysiologies. Intermittent fasting (IF) has been shown beneficial in reducing metabolic diseases. Here, using a multi-omics approach in a T2D mouse model, the authors report that IF alters the composition of the gut microbiota and improves metabolic phenotypes that correlate with cognitive behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhigang Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
| | - Xiaoshuang Dai
- BGI Institute of Applied Agriculture, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518120, China
| | - Hongbo Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Renjie Shi
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Yan Hui
- BGI Institute of Applied Agriculture, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518120, China.,Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 1958, Denmark
| | - Xin Jin
- BGI Institute of Applied Agriculture, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518120, China
| | - Wentong Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Luanfeng Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Qianxu Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Danna Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Jia Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Xintong Tan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Bo Ren
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Xiaoning Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Tong Zhao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Jiamin Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Junru Pan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Tian Yuan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Chuanqi Chu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Lei Lan
- BGI Institute of Applied Agriculture, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518120, China
| | - Fei Yin
- Center for Innovation in Brain Science and Department of Pharmacology, University of Arizona, Tucson, 85721, AZ, USA
| | - Enrique Cadenas
- Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, 90089, CA, USA
| | - Lin Shi
- Division Food and Nutrition Science, Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, SE-412 96, Sweden.
| | - Shancen Zhao
- BGI Institute of Applied Agriculture, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518120, China.
| | - Xuebo Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
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29
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Sesamol Alleviates Obesity-Related Hepatic Steatosis via Activating Hepatic PKA Pathway. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12020329. [PMID: 31991934 PMCID: PMC7071159 DOI: 10.3390/nu12020329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effect of sesamol (SEM) on the protein kinase A (PKA) pathway in obesity-related hepatic steatosis treatment by using high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice and a palmitic acid (PA)-treated HepG2 cell line. SEM reduced the body weight gain of obese mice and alleviated related metabolic disorders such as insulin resistance, hyperlipidemia, and systemic inflammation. Furthermore, lipid accumulation in the liver and HepG2 cells was reduced by SEM. SEM downregulated the gene and protein levels of lipogenic regulator factors, and upregulated the gene and protein levels of the regulator factors responsible for lipolysis and fatty acid β-oxidation. Meanwhile, SEM activated AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), which might explain the regulatory effect of SEM on fatty acid β-oxidation and lipogenesis. Additionally, the PKA-C and phospho-PKA substrate levels were higher after SEM treatment. Further research found that after pretreatment with the PKA inhibitor, H89, lipid accumulation was increased even with SEM administration in HepG2 cells, and the effect of SEM on lipid metabolism-related regulator factors was abolished by H89. In conclusion, SEM has a positive therapeutic effect on obesity and obesity-related hepatic steatosis by regulating the hepatic lipid metabolism mediated by the PKA pathway.
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30
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Jayaraj P, Shavi GV, Srinivasan AK, Raghavendra R, Sivaramakrishna A, Desikan R. A pre-formulation strategy for the liposome encapsulation of new thioctic acid conjugates for enhanced chemical stability and use as an efficient drug carrier for MPO-mediated atherosclerotic CVD treatment. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj05258e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Lipoyl-apocynin and lipoyl-sesamol are bio-active conjugates of thioctic acid, synthesized using a benign chemical approachviathe combination of thioctic acid and the powerful bio-phytonutrients, apocynin and sesamol, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Premkumar Jayaraj
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Advanced Sciences
- Vellore Institute of Technology
- Vellore
- India
| | - Gopal Venkatesh Shavi
- South Easter Applied Material Research Centre
- Waterford Institute of Technology
- Ireland
| | | | - Ramesh Raghavendra
- South Easter Applied Material Research Centre
- Waterford Institute of Technology
- Ireland
| | - Akella Sivaramakrishna
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Advanced Sciences
- Vellore Institute of Technology
- Vellore
- India
| | - Rajagopal Desikan
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Advanced Sciences
- Vellore Institute of Technology
- Vellore
- India
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31
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Wang J, Zhang L, Dong L, Hu X, Feng F, Chen F. 6-Gingerol, a Functional Polyphenol of Ginger, Promotes Browning through an AMPK-Dependent Pathway in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:14056-14065. [PMID: 31789021 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b05072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The main purpose of the present study was to investigate the browning effect of 6-gingerol (6G), one of the main functional compounds in the ethyl acetate extract of ginger (ginger ethyl acetate fraction, GEF), and its underlying mechanisms. In this study, we first discovered that GEF stimulated brown adipocyte differentiation by upregulating the expression levels of browning-specific transcription makers (UCP1, PRDM16, and PGC-1α), thereby reducing lipogenesis transcriptional regulator (C/EBPα) expression in 3T3-L1-differentiated adipocytes. Then, 6G (47.81 ± 0.62 mg/g) was identified as one of the main functional compounds in GEF using high-performance liquid chromatography. 6G promoted adipocyte browning, as evidenced by an increase in some brown/beige fat-specific genes (PGC-1α, Cidea, Prdm16, Cited1, SIRT1, Tmem26, and Ucp1) and proteins (UCP1, CEBP/β, PGC-1α, and PRDM16) expression levels. Moreover, 6G greatly improved mitochondrial respiration and energy metabolism by upregulating the expression levels of some mitochondrial biogenesis markers (Tfam, Nrf1, SIRT1, and p-AMPK/AMPK) and increasing the uncoupled oxygen consumption rate of protons leaked in 3T3-L1 cells. Comparison of the experimental results obtained with an inhibitor (dorsomorphin) and an activator (5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide) suggested that the 6G-associated regulation of the energy metabolism effect was mediated partly through the AMPK signaling pathway. This study provides new insight into the promotion of fat browning and regulation of lipid metabolism by 6G and suggests that 6G likely has potential therapeutic effects on obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering , China Agricultural University , Beijing 100083 , China
- Ningbo Research Institute , Zhejiang University , Ningbo 315100 , China
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310029 , China
| | - Lu Zhang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering , China Agricultural University , Beijing 100083 , China
| | - Li Dong
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering , China Agricultural University , Beijing 100083 , China
| | - Xiaosong Hu
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering , China Agricultural University , Beijing 100083 , China
| | - Fengqin Feng
- Ningbo Research Institute , Zhejiang University , Ningbo 315100 , China
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310029 , China
| | - Fang Chen
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering , China Agricultural University , Beijing 100083 , China
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32
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Han X, Zhang Y, Guo J, You Y, Zhan J, Huang W. Chlorogenic Acid Stimulates the Thermogenesis of Brown Adipocytes by Promoting the Uptake of Glucose and the Function of Mitochondria. J Food Sci 2019; 84:3815-3824. [PMID: 31750946 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.14838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2019] [Revised: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) prevents obesity and related diseases by uncoupling oxidative phosphorylation with adenosine triphosphate. Previous studies have demonstrated that polyphenols can promote the thermogenesis of BAT in mice. Chlorogenic acid (CGA) is a common phenolic acid found in fruits and vegetables, as well as traditional Chinese medicine, which is responsible for a variety of physiological activities. However, it is still unclear whether CGA has positive effects on the thermogenesis of BAT. In this study, CGA enhances the thermogenesis and proton leak of brown adipocytes, however, no changes are evident regarding the differentiation of C3 H10 T1/2 into brown adipocytes. Surprisingly, CGA promotes the uptake of glucose by upregulating the glucose transporter 2 and phosphofructokinase. Moreover, CGA increases the number and the function of mitochondrial. Taken together, CGA stimulates thermogenesis of brown adipocytes by promoting the uptake of glucose and the function of mitochondria. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Chlorogenic acid (CGA) is widely found in fruits, vegetables, and traditional Chinese medicines, which has been considered to have antibacterial and anti-inflammatory function. However, whether it has the function of resisting obesity and promoting thermogenesis is still unclear. In this study, brown adipocyte was used to explore the function and mechanism of CGA on thermogenesis. It provides new ideas for the utilization of foods rich in CGA and traditional Chinese medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Han
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural Univ., Tsinghua East Road 17, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China.,Xinghua Industrial Research Centre for Food Science and Human Health, China Agricultural Univ., Xinghua, 225700, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuxin Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural Univ., Tsinghua East Road 17, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China.,Xinghua Industrial Research Centre for Food Science and Human Health, China Agricultural Univ., Xinghua, 225700, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jielong Guo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural Univ., Tsinghua East Road 17, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China.,Xinghua Industrial Research Centre for Food Science and Human Health, China Agricultural Univ., Xinghua, 225700, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yilin You
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural Univ., Tsinghua East Road 17, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China.,Xinghua Industrial Research Centre for Food Science and Human Health, China Agricultural Univ., Xinghua, 225700, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jicheng Zhan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural Univ., Tsinghua East Road 17, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China.,Xinghua Industrial Research Centre for Food Science and Human Health, China Agricultural Univ., Xinghua, 225700, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weidong Huang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural Univ., Tsinghua East Road 17, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China.,Xinghua Industrial Research Centre for Food Science and Human Health, China Agricultural Univ., Xinghua, 225700, Jiangsu, China
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Wang T, Yan H, Lu Y, Li X, Wang X, Shan Y, Yi Y, Liu B, Zhou Y, Lü X. Anti-obesity effect of Lactobacillus rhamnosus LS-8 and Lactobacillus crustorum MN047 on high-fat and high-fructose diet mice base on inflammatory response alleviation and gut microbiota regulation. Eur J Nutr 2019; 59:2709-2728. [PMID: 31659451 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-019-02117-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The objective of the study was to evaluate the anti-obesity effect of Lactobacillus rhamnosus LS-8 and Lactobacillus crustorum MN047, and illustrate the potential functional mechanism about the alleviation of high fat and high fructose diet (HFFD) induced obesity and related metabolic abnormalities. METHODS C57BL/6J mice were subjected to a standard or HFFD with or without supplementation of L. rhamnosus LS-8 and L. crustorum MN047 for 10 weeks. Obesity related metabolic indices including glucose tolerance, insulin resistance, serum lipid, liver function, hormones and inflammatory cytokines were assessed by standard protocols. For the monitoring of inflammatory response and lipid metabolism, transcriptional levels were profiled in liver and/or adipose tissues. Furthermore, gut microbiota composition analyses in the fecal samples were performed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and gut microbial metabolites, including lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), were also tested for the assessment of the relationship between gut microbiota variation and inflammatory response. RESULTS Administration with L. rhamnosus LS-8 and L. crustorum MN047 significantly mitigated body weight gain and insulin resistance, and inflammatory response (TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 levels in serum and corresponding mRNA levels in adipose tissues) was significantly inhibited in these two strains-treated mice. Moreover, L. rhamnosus LS-8 and L. crustorum MN047 could partially normalized mRNA expression levels involved in lipid metabolism including Pparγ, Srebp-1c, CD36, Fabp2 and FAS. In addition, these two strains manipulated gut microbiota by decreasing the abundance of Bacteroides and Desulfovibrio and increasing that of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium, which in turn raised the levels of feces SCFAs and lowered the levels of circulating LPS. CONCLUSION These results indicated that L. rhamnosus LS-8 and L. crustorum MN047 supplementation possessed the anti-obesity effect on the HFFD fed mice by alleviating inflammatory response and regulating gut microbiota, which further suggested that these two probiotics can be considered as an alternative dietary supplement in combination with the preventive and therapeutic strategies against obesity and related complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hong Yan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yingying Lu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xin Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xin Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuanyuan Shan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yanglei Yi
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Bianfang Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuan Zhou
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xin Lü
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
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Qin H, Xu H, Yu L, Yang L, Lin C, Chen J. Sesamol intervention ameliorates obesity-associated metabolic disorders by regulating hepatic lipid metabolism in high-fat diet-induced obese mice. Food Nutr Res 2019; 63:3637. [PMID: 31692782 PMCID: PMC6814895 DOI: 10.29219/fnr.v63.3637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Obesity has currently become a serious social problem to be solved. Sesamol, a natural bioactive substance extracted from sesame oil, has shown multiple physiological functions, and it might have an effect on the treatment of obesity. Objective This study was conducted to investigate the therapeutic effect and potential mechanisms of sesamol on the treatment of obesity and metabolic disorders in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice. Methods C57BL/6J male mice were fed HFD for 8 weeks to induce obesity, followed by supplementation with sesamol (100 mg/kg body weight [b.w.]/day [d] by gavage) for another 4 weeks. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was used to observe lipid accumulation in adipose tissues and liver. Chemistry reagent kits were used to measure serum lipids, hepatic lipids, serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels. ELISA kits were used to determine the serum insulin and free fatty acid (FFA) levels. Western blotting was used to detect the protein levels involved in lipid metabolism in the liver. Results Sesamol significantly reduced the body weight gain of obese mice and suppressed lipid accumulation in adipose tissue and liver. Sesamol also improved serum and hepatic lipid profiles, and increased insulin sensitivity. In the sesamol-treated group, the levels of serum ALT and AST decreased significantly. Furthermore, after sesamol treatment, the hepatic sterol regulatory element binding protein-1 (SREBP-1c) decreased, while the phosphorylated hormone sensitive lipase (p-HSL), the carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1α (CPT1α), and the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor coactivator-1α (PGC1α) increased, which were responsible for the fatty acid synthesis, lipolysis, and fatty acid β-oxidation, respectively. Conclusions Sesamol had a positive effect on anti-obesity and ameliorated the metabolic disorders of obese mice. The possible mechanism of sesamol might be the regulation of lipid metabolism in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Qin
- Department of Nutrition Science and Food Hygiene, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Haiyan Xu
- Department of Nutrition Science and Food Hygiene, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Liang Yu
- Department of Research and Development Office, Hunan First Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Lina Yang
- Department of Nutrition Science and Food Hygiene, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Cui Lin
- Department of Nutrition Science and Food Hygiene, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jihua Chen
- Department of Nutrition Science and Food Hygiene, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Zhan J, Liang Y, Liu D, Ma X, Li P, Zhai W, Zhou Z, Wang P. Pectin reduces environmental pollutant-induced obesity in mice through regulating gut microbiota: A case study of p,p'-DDE. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2019; 130:104861. [PMID: 31195221 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.05.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of obesity has raised global concerns. Environmental pollutants are one of the main causes of obesity. Many studies have demonstrated that dietary fiber could reduce obesity induced by high-fat diets, but whether environmental pollutant-induced obesity can be reversed is still unknown. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to investigate the effects of pectin on obesity induced by a typical environmental pollutant p,p'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (p,p'-DDE) and explore the underlying mechanism by which pectin reversed p,p'-DDE-induced obesity. METHODS p,p'-DDE was used to induce obesity in C57BL/6J mice and pectin was supplied during and after cessation of p,p'-DDE exposure. Body and fat weight gain, plasma lipid profile and insulin resistance of mice were assessed. Gut microbiota composition and the levels of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) as well as the receptor proteins and hormones in the SCFAs-related signaling pathway were analyzed. Moreover, p,p'-DDE levels in various tissues of mice were detected. RESULTS Pectin supplementation reversed body and fat weight gain, dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia and insulin resistance in p,p'-DDE-exposed mice. Furthermore, pectin apparently altered the p,p'-DDE-induced microbial composition and then promoted the levels of SCFAs in colonic feces as well as the expression of G-protein coupled receptors and the concentration of hormone peptide YY (PYY) and glucagon like peptide-1 (GLP-1). Pectin treatment also significantly reduced p,p'-DDE accumulation in mice tissues during p,p'-DDE exposure but did not change p,p'-DDE metabolism after termination of p,p'-DDE exposure. CONCLUSIONS Pectin had a good effect on reducing p,p'-DDE-induced obesity through regulating gut microbiota and provided a potential strategy for the treatment of environmental pollutant-caused health problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhan
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Science, China Agricultural University, No. 2, West Yuanmingyuan Road, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Yiran Liang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Science, China Agricultural University, No. 2, West Yuanmingyuan Road, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Donghui Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Science, China Agricultural University, No. 2, West Yuanmingyuan Road, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Xiaoran Ma
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Science, China Agricultural University, No. 2, West Yuanmingyuan Road, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Peize Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Science, China Agricultural University, No. 2, West Yuanmingyuan Road, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Wangjing Zhai
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Science, China Agricultural University, No. 2, West Yuanmingyuan Road, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhou
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Science, China Agricultural University, No. 2, West Yuanmingyuan Road, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Peng Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Science, China Agricultural University, No. 2, West Yuanmingyuan Road, Beijing 100193, PR China.
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Wang J, Li D, Wang P, Hu X, Chen F. Ginger prevents obesity through regulation of energy metabolism and activation of browning in high-fat diet-induced obese mice. J Nutr Biochem 2019; 70:105-115. [PMID: 31200315 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2019.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Numerous natural herbs have been proven as safe anti-obesity resources. Ginger, one of the most widely consumed spices, has shown beneficial effects against obesity and related metabolic disorders. The present study aimed to examine whether the antiobesity effect of ginger is associated with energy metabolism. Mice were maintained on either a normal control diet or a high-fat diet (HFD) with or without 500 mg/kg (w/w) ginger supplementation. After 16 weeks, ginger supplementation alleviated the HFD-induced increases in body weight, fat accumulation, and levels of serum glucose, triglyceride and cholesterol. Indirect calorimetry showed that ginger administration significantly increased the respiratory exchange ratio (RER) and heat production in both diet models. Furthermore, ginger administration corrected the HFD-induced changes in concentrations of intermediates in glycolysis and the TCA cycle. Moreover, ginger enhanced brown adipose tissue function and activated white adipose tissue browning by altering the gene expression and protein levels of some brown and beige adipocyte-selective markers. Additionally, stimulation of the browning program by ginger may be partly regulated by the sirtuin-1 (SIRT1)/AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1α (PGC-1α) pathway. Taken together, these results indicate that dietary ginger prevents body weight gain by remodeling whole-body energy metabolism and inducing browning of white adipose tissue (WAT). Thus, ginger is an edible plant that plays a role in the therapeutic treatment of obesity and related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China; National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China; Engineering Research Centre for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China; Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Daotong Li
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China; National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China; Engineering Research Centre for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Pan Wang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China; National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China; Engineering Research Centre for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaosong Hu
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China; National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China; Engineering Research Centre for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China; Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Fang Chen
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China; National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China; Engineering Research Centre for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
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Lycopene supplementation attenuates western diet-induced body weight gain through increasing the expressions of thermogenic/mitochondrial functional genes and improving insulin resistance in the adipose tissue of obese mice. J Nutr Biochem 2019; 69:63-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2019.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Revised: 03/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Hernández-Díazcouder A, Romero-Nava R, Carbó R, Sánchez-Lozada LG, Sánchez-Muñoz F. High Fructose Intake and Adipogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E2787. [PMID: 31181590 PMCID: PMC6600229 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20112787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In modern societies, high fructose intake from sugar-sweetened beverages has contributed to obesity development. In the diet, sucrose and high fructose corn syrup are the main sources of fructose and can be metabolized in the intestine and transported into the systemic circulation. The liver can metabolize around 70% of fructose intake, while the remaining is metabolized by other tissues. Several tissues including adipose tissue express the main fructose transporter GLUT5. In vivo, chronic fructose intake promotes white adipose tissue accumulation through activating adipogenesis. In vitro experiments have also demonstrated that fructose alone induces adipogenesis by several mechanisms, including (1) triglycerides and very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) production by fructose metabolism, (2) the stimulation of glucocorticoid activation by increasing 11β-HSD1 activity, and (3) the promotion of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production through uric acid, NOX and XOR expression, mTORC1 signaling and Ang II induction. Moreover, it has been observed that fructose induces adipogenesis through increased ACE2 expression, which promotes high Ang-(1-7) levels, and through the inhibition of the thermogenic program by regulating Sirt1 and UCP1. Finally, microRNAs may also be involved in regulating adipogenesis in high fructose intake conditions. In this paper, we propose further directions for research in fructose participation in adipogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrián Hernández-Díazcouder
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico city 14080, Mexico.
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Área de Investigación Médica, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, Mexico city 09340, Mexico.
| | - Rodrigo Romero-Nava
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Área de Investigación Médica, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, Mexico city 09340, Mexico.
- Laboratorio de investigación en Farmacología, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Mexico city 06720, Mexico.
- Sección de Postgraduados, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico city 11340, Mexico.
| | - Roxana Carbó
- Departamento de Biomedicina Cardiovascular, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico city 14080, Mexico.
| | - L Gabriela Sánchez-Lozada
- Laboratorio de Fisiopatología Renal, Departamento de Nefrología, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico city 14080, Mexico.
| | - Fausto Sánchez-Muñoz
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico city 14080, Mexico.
- Sección de Postgraduados, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico city 11340, Mexico.
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Yuan T, Chu C, Shi R, Cui T, Zhang X, Zhao Y, Shi X, Hui Y, Pan J, Qian R, Dai X, Liu Z, Liu X. ApoE-Dependent Protective Effects of Sesamol on High-Fat Diet-Induced Behavioral Disorders: Regulation of the Microbiome-Gut-Brain Axis. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:6190-6201. [PMID: 31117496 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b01436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Sesamol, an antioxidant lignan from sesame oil, possesses neuroprotective bioactivities. The present work was aimed to elucidate the systemic protective effects of sesamol on cognitive deficits and to determine the possible link between gut and brain. Wildtype and ApoE-/- mice were treated with a high-fat diet and sesamol (0.05%, w/v, in drinking water) for 10 weeks. Behavioral tests including Morris-water maze, Y-maze, and elevated plus maze tests indicated that sesamol could only improve cognitive deficits and anxiety behaviors in wildtype. Consistently, sesamol improved synapse ultrastructure and inhibited Aβ accumulation in an ApoE-dependent manner. Moreover, sesamol prevented dietary-induced gut barrier damages and systemic inflammation. Sesamol also reshaped gut microbiome and improved the generation of microbial metabolites short-chain fatty acids. To summarize, this study revealed that the possible mechanism of neuroprotective effects of sesamol might be ApoE-dependent, and its beneficial effects on gut microbiota/metabolites could be translated into neurodegenerative diseases treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Yuan
- College of Food Science and Engineering , Northwest A&F University , Yangling , China
| | - Chuanqi Chu
- School of Food Science and Technology , Jiangnan University , Wuxi , China
| | - Rubing Shi
- College of Food Science and Engineering , Northwest A&F University , Yangling , China
| | - Tianlin Cui
- College of Food Science and Engineering , Northwest A&F University , Yangling , China
| | - Xinglin Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering , Northwest A&F University , Yangling , China
| | - Yihang Zhao
- College of Food Science and Engineering , Northwest A&F University , Yangling , China
| | - Xu Shi
- College of Food Science and Engineering , Northwest A&F University , Yangling , China
| | - Yan Hui
- Department of Food Science , University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Junru Pan
- College of Food Science and Engineering , Northwest A&F University , Yangling , China
| | - Rui Qian
- Food Analysis and Development Center , Beijing ZhiYunDa Technology, Co., LTD. , Beijing , China
| | - Xiaoshuang Dai
- BGI Institute of Applied Agriculture , BGI-Shenzhen , Shenzhen , China
| | - Zhigang Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering , Northwest A&F University , Yangling , China
| | - Xuebo Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering , Northwest A&F University , Yangling , China
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Qi G, Mi Y, Fan R, Li R, Liu Z, Liu X. Nobiletin Protects against Systemic Inflammation-Stimulated Memory Impairment via MAPK and NF-κB Signaling Pathways. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:5122-5134. [PMID: 30995031 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b00133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation has been intensively demonstrated to be related to various neurodegenerative diseases including Parkinson's disease (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and Alzheimer's disease (AD). A natural polymethoxylated flavone, nobiletin (NOB) has been reported to alleviate oxidative stress, insulin resistance, and obesity. In this study, we evaluated the protection effects of NOB on neuroinflammation and memory deficit. Three-month mice were administrated with NOB by oral gavage every day for 6 weeks (100 mg/kg/day); subsequently mice were injected intraperitoneally with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for 7 days. Results of behavioral tests revealed that NOB dramatically ameliorated LPS-triggered memory deficit regarding synaptic dysfunctions and neuronal loss. Also, NOB suppressed the microglial activation and proinflammatory cytokine secretion, such as COX-2, IL-1β, TNF-α, and iNOS. Similarly, upon LPS stimulation, pretreatment NOB diminished the secretion of the proinflammatory cytokines in BV-2 microglia cells by exposure to LPS via modulating MAPKs, PI3K/AKT, and NF-κB signaling pathways. In addition, NOB alleviated LPS-amplified redox imbalance, disturbance of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and dampening of the expression of protein related to mitochondrial respiration. The present study provides compelling evidence that NOB decreased LPS-stimulated neuroinflammation and memory impairment through maintaining cellular oxidative balance and blocking the NF-κB transcriptional pathway, illustrating that the nutritional compound NOB may serve as a potential approach to alleviate neuroinflammation-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoyuan Qi
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering , Northwest A&F University , Yangling , Shaanxi 712100 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yashi Mi
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering , Northwest A&F University , Yangling , Shaanxi 712100 , People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Fan
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences , University of Nebraska-Lincoln , Lincoln , Nebraska 68583 , United States
| | - Runnan Li
- Department of Animal and Food Science , University of Kentucky , Lexington , Kentucky 40506 , United States
| | - Zhigang Liu
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering , Northwest A&F University , Yangling , Shaanxi 712100 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xuebo Liu
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering , Northwest A&F University , Yangling , Shaanxi 712100 , People's Republic of China
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Zhao Y, Wang Q, Jia M, Fu S, Pan J, Chu C, Liu X, Liu X, Liu Z. (+)-Sesamin attenuates chronic unpredictable mild stress-induced depressive-like behaviors and memory deficits via suppression of neuroinflammation. J Nutr Biochem 2019; 64:61-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2018.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Wang J, Wang Z, Li B, Qiang Y, Yuan T, Tan X, Wang Z, Liu Z, Liu X. Lycopene attenuates western-diet-induced cognitive deficits via improving glycolipid metabolism dysfunction and inflammatory responses in gut-liver-brain axis. Int J Obes (Lond) 2018; 43:1735-1746. [PMID: 30538283 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-018-0277-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Revised: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES The aim of the current study was to investigate the inhibitory effect of lycopene (LYC), a major carotenoid present in tomato, on high-fat and high-fructose western diet (HFFD)-induced cognitive impairments and the protective effects on HFFD-elicited insulin resistance, lipid metabolism dysfunction and inflammatory responses in the gut-liver-brain axis. SUBJECTS/METHODS We randomly assigned 3-month-old C57BL/6 J mice to three groups with different diets: the control group, HFFD group and HFFD + LYC group (LYC, 0.03% w/w, mixed into high-fat diet) for 10 weeks. RESULTS The results of the Y-maze task and Morris water maze tests demonstrated that LYC attenuated HFFD-induced memory loss. Moreover, LYC suppressed HFFD-elicited synaptic dysfunction and increased the expressions of SNAP-25 and PSD-95. Furthermore, LYC ameliorated insulin resistance, lipid metabolism dysfunction and inflammatory responses in the mouse brain and liver. LYC also prevente.d intestinal barrier integrity damages and decreased the level of circulating LPS. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrated that LYC ameliorated HFFD-induced cognitive impairments in a mouse model by improving insulin resistance, lipid metabolism dysfunction and inflammatory responses in the gut-liver-brain axis. These findings indicate that LYC might be a nutritional strategy for western diet-induced dysfunction of the central nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Wang
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Zhuo Wang
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Bing Li
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Yu Qiang
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Tian Yuan
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xintong Tan
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Zihan Wang
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Zhigang Liu
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
| | - Xuebo Liu
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
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Flubendiamide Enhances Adipogenesis and Inhibits AMPKα in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23112950. [PMID: 30424524 PMCID: PMC6278525 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23112950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Flubendiamide, a ryanoid class insecticide, is widely used in agriculture. Several insecticides have been reported to promote adipogenesis. However, the potential influence of flubendiamide on adipogenesis is largely unknown. The current study was therefore to determine the effects of flubendiamide on adipogenesis utilizing the 3T3-L1 adipocytes model. Flubendiamide treatment not only enhanced triglyceride content in 3T3-L1 adipocytes, but also increased the expression of cytosine-cytosine-adenosine-adenosine-thymidine (CCAAT)/enhancer-binding protein α and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma-γ, two important regulators of adipocyte differentiation. Moreover, the expression of the most important regulator of lipogenesis, acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase, was also increased after flubendiamide treatment. Further study revealed that 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide (AICAR) or A769662, two Adenosine 5′-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase α activators, subverted effects of flubendiamide on enhanced adipogenesis. Together, these results suggest that flubendiamide promotes adipogenesis via an AMPKα-mediated pathway.
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Yang Y, Wang J, Zhang Y, Li J, Sun W. Black Sesame Seeds Ethanol Extract Ameliorates Hepatic Lipid Accumulation, Oxidative Stress, and Insulin Resistance in Fructose-Induced Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:10458-10469. [PMID: 30244573 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b04210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of black sesame seeds ethanol extract (BSSEE) against nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in fructose-fed mice. Mice were fed a standard diet without or with 30% fructose in drinking water for 8 consecutive weeks, while mice in three BSSEE tested groups received different doses of BSSEE (0.5, 1, and 2 mL/kg) once a day from the fifth week to the eighth week. Administration of BSSEE dose-dependently exerted antiobesity and protective effect against metabolism disorder in fructose-fed mice. Histological examinations indicated that administration of BSSEE obviously reduced hepatic lipid accumulation. Insulin tolerance test (ITT) and glucose tolerance test (GTT) along with decreases of serum insulin and glucose levels by BSSEE treatment suggested the improvement of body insulin resistance, and administration of 1 and 2 mL/kg BSSEE mitigated liver insulin resistance as the evidence of downregulated expression of phospho-JNK1/2/3, phospho-NF-κB p65, phospho-IRS1, and phospho-IKK alpha/beta, up-regulated XBP1 expression, and reductions of TNF-α and IL-6 levels. In addition, BSSEE treatment ameliorated hepatic oxidative stress through increasing GSH, vitamin C, and Nrf2 levels, decreasing MDA and NO levels, and enhancing SOD, CAT, and GSH-Px activities. These results demonstrated that BSSEE showed protective effects against NAFLD-related metabolic diseases in fructose-fed mice. Therefore, BSSEE may be a potent dietary supplement to ameliorate the diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- Ministry of Education , Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Northwest University) , Xi'an 710069 , China
- Biomedicine Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province, College of Life Sciences , Northwest University , Xi'an 710069 , China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- Ministry of Education , Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Northwest University) , Xi'an 710069 , China
- Biomedicine Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province, College of Life Sciences , Northwest University , Xi'an 710069 , China
| | - Yongmin Zhang
- Ministry of Education , Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Northwest University) , Xi'an 710069 , China
- Biomedicine Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province, College of Life Sciences , Northwest University , Xi'an 710069 , China
- Sorbonne Université, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire , CNRS UMR 8232, 4 place Jussieu , 75005 Paris , France
| | - Jing Li
- Ministry of Education , Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Northwest University) , Xi'an 710069 , China
- Biomedicine Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province, College of Life Sciences , Northwest University , Xi'an 710069 , China
| | - Wenji Sun
- Ministry of Education , Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Northwest University) , Xi'an 710069 , China
- Biomedicine Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province, College of Life Sciences , Northwest University , Xi'an 710069 , China
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Guo R, Zhao B, Wang Y, Wu D, Wang Y, Yu Y, Yan Y, Zhang W, Liu Z, Liu X. Cichoric Acid Prevents Free-Fatty-Acid-Induced Lipid Metabolism Disorders via Regulating Bmal1 in HepG2 Cells. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:9667-9678. [PMID: 30036051 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b02147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Cichoric acid (CA), a polyphenol component from Echinacea purpurea, exhibits preventive effects on liver lipid-metabolism disorders in obesity. This research aimed to determine the role of circadian rhythm signaling during the process of CA-attenuated lipid accumulation in hepatocytes. In the current study, CA treatments improved cell morphology changes and hepatic lipid levels, which were triggered by free fatty acids (2:1, oleate: palmitate) in a dose-dependent way. Besides, CA (200 μM) regulated the circadian rhythm expressions of clock genes and the relatively shallow daily oscillations. Moreover, silencing Bmal1 significantly blocked the p-Akt/Akt pathway to 80.1% ± 1.5% and the p-GSK3β/GSK3β pathway to 64.7% ± 2.8% ( p < 0.05). Furthermore, silencing Bmal1 elevated the expressions of FAS and ACC to 122.4% ± 5.6% and 114.9% ± 1.7% in protein levels ( p < 0.05) and to 166.5% ± 18.5% and 131.4% ± 5.5% in mRNA levels ( p < 0.05). Therefore, our results demonstrated that CA has a Bmal1 resistance to lipid accumulation by enhancing the Akt/GSK3β signaling pathways and modulating the downstream expressions related to lipid metabolism, which indicated that CA might be useful as a natural and promising nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases (NAFLD) modulator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Guo
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering , Northwest A&F University , Xinong Road 22 , Yangling 712100 , China
| | - Beita Zhao
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering , Northwest A&F University , Xinong Road 22 , Yangling 712100 , China
| | - Yijie Wang
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering , Northwest A&F University , Xinong Road 22 , Yangling 712100 , China
| | - Dandan Wu
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering , Northwest A&F University , Xinong Road 22 , Yangling 712100 , China
| | - Yutang Wang
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering , Northwest A&F University , Xinong Road 22 , Yangling 712100 , China
| | - Yafan Yu
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering , Northwest A&F University , Xinong Road 22 , Yangling 712100 , China
| | - Yuchen Yan
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering , Northwest A&F University , Xinong Road 22 , Yangling 712100 , China
| | - Wentong Zhang
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering , Northwest A&F University , Xinong Road 22 , Yangling 712100 , China
| | - Zhigang Liu
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering , Northwest A&F University , Xinong Road 22 , Yangling 712100 , China
| | - Xuebo Liu
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering , Northwest A&F University , Xinong Road 22 , Yangling 712100 , China
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Song G, Liu Z, Wang L, Shi R, Chu C, Xiang M, Tian Q, Liu X. Protective effects of lipoic acid against acrylamide-induced neurotoxicity: involvement of mitochondrial energy metabolism and autophagy. Food Funct 2018; 8:4657-4667. [PMID: 29159335 DOI: 10.1039/c7fo01429e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Acrylamide (ACR) is a chronic neurotoxin that is generated in high-starch foods during heat processing. Alpha-lipoic acid (LA) is an antioxidant that occurs in most plants and animals. The objective of this study was to reveal the mechanism of ACR-triggered neurotoxicity and identify the protective role of LA in SH-SY5Y cells. In this study, LA restored ACR-stimulated depletion of glutathione content and mitochondrial membrane potential, moderated the activation of inflammatory pathways, and recovered the Keap1/Nrf2 pathway. Moreover, LA upregulated the activities of oxidative phosphorylation complexes and diminished ACR-induced variation in AMPK/GSK3β, Ca2+ disturbance, and ATP depletion. The Sirt1/PGC-1α pathway was inhibited by ACR. Notably, autophagy was activated in the mitochondria-mediated apoptosis induced by ACR, which was also blocked by LA. Overall, our study demonstrated the pivotal roles of the mitochondrial energy metabolism and autophagy in the protective effects of LA and cytotoxicity of ACR in SH-SY5Y cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Song
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China. @aliyun.com
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Asada N, Kairiku R, Tobo M, Ono A. Effects of Shiitake Intake on Serum Lipids in Rats Fed Different High-Oil or High-Fat Diets. J Diet Suppl 2018; 16:345-356. [PMID: 29701491 DOI: 10.1080/19390211.2018.1458768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Shiitake (Lentinula edodes) extract, eritadenine, has been shown to reduce cholesterol levels, and its hypocholesterolemic actions are involved in the metabolism of methionine. However, the mechanisms by which eritadenine affects cholesterol metabolism in animals fed a high-fat diet containing different sources of lipids have not yet been elucidated in detail. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of shiitake supplementation on serum lipid concentrations in rats fed a diet including a high amount of a plant oil (HO [high oil] and HOS [high oil with shiitake] groups), animal fat (HF [high fat] and HFS [high fat with shiitake] groups), or MCT- (medium-chain triglyceride-) rich plant oil (HM [high MCT] and HMS [high MCT with shiitake] groups). Rats in the HOS, HFS, and HMS groups were fed shiitake. When rats were fed a diet containing shiitake, serum triglyceride, cholesterol levels, and LCAT (lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase) activities were lower in rats given MCT-rich plant oil than in those that consumed lard. The lipid type in the diet with shiitake also affected serum cholesterol levels and LCAT activities. The diet containing MCT-rich plant oil showed the greatest rates of decrease in all serum lipid profiles and LCAT activities. These results suggest that shiitake and MCT-rich plant oil work together to reduce lipid profiles and LCAT activity in serum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norihiko Asada
- a Department of Food and Nutrition , Beppu University , Beppu , Japan
| | - Rumi Kairiku
- b Department of Food and Nutrition , Beppu University, Junior College , Beppu , Japan
| | - Mika Tobo
- b Department of Food and Nutrition , Beppu University, Junior College , Beppu , Japan
| | - Akifumi Ono
- c Department of Clinical Nutrition , Kawasaki University of Medical Welfare , Kurashiki , Japan
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Guo X, Zhang T, Shi L, Gong M, Jin J, Zhang Y, Liu R, Chang M, Jin Q, Wang X. The relationship between lipid phytochemicals, obesity and its related chronic diseases. Food Funct 2018; 9:6048-6062. [DOI: 10.1039/c8fo01026a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
This review focuses on phytochemicals in oils, and summarizes the mechanisms of the anti-obesity effects of these compounds in in vitro studies, animal models, and human trials.
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Zhai X, Lin D, Zhao Y, Li W, Yang X. Enhanced anti-obesity effects of bacterial cellulose combined with konjac glucomannan in high-fat diet-fed C57BL/6J mice. Food Funct 2018; 9:5260-5272. [DOI: 10.1039/c8fo01211c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of supplementation with bacterial cellulose (BC), konjac glucomannan (KGM) and combined BC/KGM fiber on high-fat (HF)-diet-induced obesity in C57BL/6J mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xichuan Zhai
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing and Safety Control
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science
- Shaanxi Normal University
- Xi'an 710062
- China
| | - Dehui Lin
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing and Safety Control
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science
- Shaanxi Normal University
- Xi'an 710062
- China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resource and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry
- College of Life Science
- Shaanxi Normal University
- Xi'an 710019
- China
| | - Wenwen Li
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing and Safety Control
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science
- Shaanxi Normal University
- Xi'an 710062
- China
| | - Xingbin Yang
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing and Safety Control
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science
- Shaanxi Normal University
- Xi'an 710062
- China
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Mi Y, Qi G, Gao Y, Li R, Wang Y, Li X, Huang S, Liu X. (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate Ameliorates Insulin Resistance and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in HepG2 Cells: Involvement of Bmal1. Mol Nutr Food Res 2017; 61. [PMID: 28869341 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201700440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2017] [Revised: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Normal physiological processes require a robust biological timer called the circadian clock. Dysregulation of circadian rhythms contributes to a variety of metabolic syndrome, including obesity and insulin resistance. (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) has been demonstrated to possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and cardioprotective bioactivities. The objective of this study was to explore whether the circadian clock is involved in the protective effect of EGCG against insulin resistance. METHODS AND RESULTS The results demonstrated that EGCG reverses the relatively shallow daily oscillations of circadian clock genes transcription and protein expression induced by glucosamine in HepG2 cells. EGCG also alleviates insulin resistance by enhancing tyrosine phosphorylated levels of IRS-1, stimulating the translocation of GLUT2, and activating PI3K/AKT as well as AMPK signaling pathways in a Bmal1-dependent manner both in HepG2 cells and primary hepatocytes. Glucosamine-stimulated excessive secretions of ROS and depletions of mitochondrial membrane potential were notably attenuated in EGCG co-treated HepG2 cells, which consistent with the recovery in expression of mitochondrial respiration complexes. CONCLUSION The results demonstrated that EGCG possesses a Bmal1-dependent efficacy against insulin resistance conditions by strengthening the insulin signaling and eliminating oxidative stress, suggesting that EGCG may serve as a promising natural nutraceutical for the regulation of metabolic disorders relevant to circadian clocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yashi Mi
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Guoyuan Qi
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuqi Gao
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Runnan Li
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yiwen Wang
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xingyu Li
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shuxian Huang
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xuebo Liu
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
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