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Muslu Y, Tamada D, Roberts NT, Cashen TA, Mandava S, Kecskemeti SR, Hernando D, Reeder SB. Free-breathing, fat-corrected T 1 mapping of the liver with stack-of-stars MRI, and joint estimation of T 1, PDFF, R 2 * , and B 1 + . Magn Reson Med 2024; 92:1913-1932. [PMID: 38923009 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.30182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Quantitative T1 mapping has the potential to replace biopsy for noninvasive diagnosis and quantitative staging of chronic liver disease. Conventional T1 mapping methods are confounded by fat andB 1 + $$ {B}_1^{+} $$ inhomogeneities, resulting in unreliable T1 estimations. Furthermore, these methods trade off spatial resolution and volumetric coverage for shorter acquisitions with only a few images obtained within a breath-hold. This work proposes a novel, volumetric (3D), free-breathing T1 mapping method to account for multiple confounding factors in a single acquisition. THEORY AND METHODS Free-breathing, confounder-corrected T1 mapping was achieved through the combination of non-Cartesian imaging, magnetization preparation, chemical shift encoding, and a variable flip angle acquisition. A subspace-constrained, locally low-rank image reconstruction algorithm was employed for image reconstruction. The accuracy of the proposed method was evaluated through numerical simulations and phantom experiments with a T1/proton density fat fraction phantom at 3.0 T. Further, the feasibility of the proposed method was investigated through contrast-enhanced imaging in healthy volunteers, also at 3.0 T. RESULTS The method showed excellent agreement with reference measurements in phantoms across a wide range of T1 values (200 to 1000 ms, slope = 0.998 (95% confidence interval (CI) [0.963 to 1.035]), intercept = 27.1 ms (95% CI [0.4 54.6]), r2 = 0.996), and a high level of repeatability. In vivo imaging studies demonstrated moderate agreement (slope = 1.099 (95% CI [1.067 to 1.132]), intercept = -96.3 ms (95% CI [-82.1 to -110.5]), r2 = 0.981) compared to saturation recovery-based T1 maps. CONCLUSION The proposed method produces whole-liver, confounder-corrected T1 maps through simultaneous estimation of T1, proton density fat fraction, andB 1 + $$ {B}_1^{+} $$ in a single, free-breathing acquisition and has excellent agreement with reference measurements in phantoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yavuz Muslu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Daiki Tamada
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Diego Hernando
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Scott B Reeder
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
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Cao T, Hu Z, Mao X, Chen Z, Kwan AC, Xie Y, Berman DS, Li D, Christodoulou AG. Alternating low-rank tensor reconstruction for improved multiparametric mapping with cardiovascular MR Multitasking. Magn Reson Med 2024; 92:1421-1439. [PMID: 38726884 PMCID: PMC11262969 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.30131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/15/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop a novel low-rank tensor reconstruction approach leveraging the complete acquired data set to improve precision and repeatability of multiparametric mapping within the cardiovascular MR Multitasking framework. METHODS A novel approach that alternated between estimation of temporal components and spatial components using the entire data set acquired (i.e., including navigator data and imaging data) was developed to improve reconstruction. The precision and repeatability of the proposed approach were evaluated on numerical simulations, 10 healthy subjects, and 10 cardiomyopathy patients at multiple scan times for 2D myocardial T1/T2 mapping with MR Multitasking and were compared with those of the previous navigator-derived fixed-basis approach. RESULTS In numerical simulations, the proposed approach outperformed the previous fixed-basis approach with lower T1 and T2 error against the ground truth at all scan times studied and showed better motion fidelity. In human subjects, the proposed approach showed no significantly different sharpness or T1/T2 measurement and significantly improved T1 precision by 20%-25%, T2 precision by 10%-15%, T1 repeatability by about 30%, and T2 repeatability by 25%-35% at 90-s and 50-s scan times The proposed approach at the 50-s scan time also showed comparable results with that of the previous fixed-basis approach at the 90-s scan time. CONCLUSION The proposed approach improved precision and repeatability for quantitative imaging with MR Multitasking while maintaining comparable motion fidelity, T1/T2 measurement, and septum sharpness and had the potential for further reducing scan time from 90 s to 50 s.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianle Cao
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Zheyuan Hu
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Xianglun Mao
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Zihao Chen
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Alan C. Kwan
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Departments of Imaging and Cardiology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Yibin Xie
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Daniel S. Berman
- Departments of Imaging and Cardiology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Debiao Li
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Anthony G. Christodoulou
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
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Gao J, Gong Y, Emu Y, Chen Z, Chen H, Yang F, Ding Z, Hua S, Jin W, Hu C. High Spatial-Resolution and Acquisition-Efficiency Cardiac MR T1 Mapping Based on Radial bSSFP and a Low-Rank Tensor Constraint. J Magn Reson Imaging 2024. [PMID: 39143028 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.29564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiac T1 mapping is valuable for evaluating myocardial fibrosis, yet its resolution and acquisition efficiency are limited, potentially obscuring visualization of small pathologies. PURPOSE To develop a technique for high-resolution cardiac T1 mapping with a less-than-100-millisecond acquisition window based on radial MOdified Look-Locker Inversion recovery (MOLLI) and a calibrationless space-contrast-coil locally low-rank tensor (SCC-LLRT) constrained reconstruction. STUDY TYPE Prospective. SUBJECTS/PHANTOM Sixteen healthy subjects (age 25 ± 3 years, 44% females) and 12 patients with suspected cardiomyopathy (age 57 ± 15 years, 42% females), NiCl2-agar phantom. FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE 3-T, standard MOLLI, radial MOLLI, inversion-recovery spin-echo, late gadolinium enhancement. ASSESSMENT SCC-LLRT was compared to a conventional locally low-rank (LLR) method through simulations using Normalized Root-Mean-Square Error (NRMSE) and Structural Similarity Index Measure (SSIM). Radial MOLLI was compared to standard MOLLI across phantom, healthy subjects, and patients. Three independent readers subjectively evaluated the quality of T1 maps using a 5-point scale (5 = best). STATISTICAL TESTS Paired t-test, Wilcoxon signed-rank test, intraclass correlation coefficient analysis, linear regression, Bland-Altman analysis. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS In simulations, SCC-LLRT demonstrated a significant improvement in NRMSE and SSIM compared to LLR. In phantom, both radial MOLLI and standard MOLLI provided consistent T1 estimates across different heart rates. In healthy subjects, radial MOLLI exhibited a significantly lower mean T1 (1115 ± 39 msec vs. 1155 ± 36 msec), similar T1 SD (74 ± 14 msec vs. 67 ± 23 msec, P = 0.20), and similar T1 reproducibility (28 ± 18 msec vs. 22 ± 15 msec, P = 0.34) compared to standard MOLLI. In patients, the proposed method significantly improved the sharpness of myocardial boundaries (4.50 ± 0.65 vs. 3.25 ± 0.43), the conspicuity of papillary muscles and fine structures (4.33 ± 0.74 vs. 3.33 ± 0.47), and artifacts (4.75 ± 0.43 vs. 3.83 ± 0.55). The reconstruction time for a single slice was 5.2 hours. DATA CONCLUSION The proposed method enables high-resolution cardiac T1 mapping with a short acquisition window and improved image quality. EVIDENCE LEVEL 1 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Gao
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiwen Gong
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart Failure Center, Ruijin Hospital and Ruijin Hospital Lu Wan Branch, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yixin Emu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haiyang Chen
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fan Yang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zekang Ding
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sha Hua
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart Failure Center, Ruijin Hospital and Ruijin Hospital Lu Wan Branch, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Jin
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart Failure Center, Ruijin Hospital and Ruijin Hospital Lu Wan Branch, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenxi Hu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Hamilton JI, Lima da Cruz G, Rashid I, Walker J, Rajagopalan S, Seiberlich N. Deep image prior cine MR fingerprinting with B 1 + spin history correction. Magn Reson Med 2024; 91:2010-2027. [PMID: 38098428 PMCID: PMC10950517 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.29979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop a deep image prior (DIP) reconstruction for B1 + -corrected 2D cine MR fingerprinting (MRF). METHODS The proposed method combines low-rank (LR) modeling with a DIP to generate cardiac phase-resolved parameter maps without motion correction, employing self-supervised training to enforce consistency with undersampled spiral k-space data. Two implementations were tested: one approach (DIP) for cine T1 , T2 , and M0 mapping, and a second approach (DIP with effective B1 + estimation [DIP-B1]) that also generated an effective B1 + map to correct for errors due to RF transmit inhomogeneities, through-plane motion, and blood flow. Cine MRF data were acquired in 14 healthy subjects and four reconstructions were compared: LR, low-rank motion-corrected (LRMC), DIP, and DIP-B1. Results were compared to diastolic ECG-triggered MRF, MOLLI, and T2 -prep bSSFP. Additionally, bright-blood and dark-blood images calculated from cine MRF maps were used to quantify ventricular function and compared to reference cine measurements. RESULTS DIP and DIP-B1 outperformed other cine MRF reconstructions with improved noise suppression and delineation of high-resolution details. Within-segment variability in the myocardium (reported as the coefficient of variation for T1 /T2 ) was lowest for DIP-B1 (2.3/8.3%) followed by DIP (2.7/8.7%), LRMC (3.5/10.5%), and LR (15.3/39.6%). Spatial homogeneity improved with DIP-B1 having the lowest intersegment variability (2.6/4.1%). The mean bias in ejection fraction was -1.1% compared to reference cine scans. CONCLUSION A DIP reconstruction for 2D cine MRF enabled cardiac phase-resolved mapping of T1 , T2 , M0 , and the effective B1 + with improved noise suppression and precision compared to LR and LRMC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse I. Hamilton
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - Imran Rashid
- School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Jonathan Walker
- School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Sanjay Rajagopalan
- School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Nicole Seiberlich
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Guan X, Yang HJ, Zhang X, Wang N, Han H, Tang R, Hu Z, Youssef K, Vora K, Krishnam MS, Christodoulou AG, Li D, Sharif B, Dharmakumar R. Non-electrocardiogram-gated, free-breathing, off-resonance reduced, high-resolution, whole-heart myocardial T 2 * mapping at 3 T within 5 min. Magn Reson Med 2024; 91:1936-1950. [PMID: 38174593 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.29968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Widely used conventional 2D T2 * approaches that are based on breath-held, electrocardiogram (ECG)-gated, multi-gradient-echo sequences are prone to motion artifacts in the presence of incomplete breath holding or arrhythmias, which is common in cardiac patients. To address these limitations, a 3D, non-ECG-gated, free-breathing T2 * technique that enables rapid whole-heart coverage was developed and validated. METHODS A continuous random Gaussian 3D k-space sampling was implemented using a low-rank tensor framework for motion-resolved 3D T2 * imaging. This approach was tested in healthy human volunteers and in swine before and after intravenous administration of ferumoxytol. RESULTS Spatial-resolution matched T2 * images were acquired with 2-3-fold reduction in scan time using the proposed T2 * mapping approach relative to conventional T2 * mapping. Compared with the conventional approach, T2 * images acquired with the proposed method demonstrated reduced off-resonance and flow artifacts, leading to higher image quality and lower coefficient of variation in T2 *-weighted images of the myocardium of swine and humans. Mean myocardial T2 * values determined using the proposed and conventional approaches were highly correlated and showed minimal bias. CONCLUSION The proposed non-ECG-gated, free-breathing, 3D T2 * imaging approach can be performed within 5 min or less. It can overcome critical image artifacts from undesirable cardiac and respiratory motion and bulk off-resonance shifts at the heart-lung interface. The proposed approach is expected to facilitate faster and improved cardiac T2 * mapping in those with limited breath-holding capacity or arrhythmias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingmin Guan
- Krannert Cardiovascular Research Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Hsin-Jung Yang
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Xinheng Zhang
- Krannert Cardiovascular Research Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Nan Wang
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Hui Han
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Richard Tang
- Krannert Cardiovascular Research Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Zhehao Hu
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Khalid Youssef
- Krannert Cardiovascular Research Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Keyur Vora
- Krannert Cardiovascular Research Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Mayil S Krishnam
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - Anthony G Christodoulou
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Debiao Li
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Behzad Sharif
- Krannert Cardiovascular Research Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Rohan Dharmakumar
- Krannert Cardiovascular Research Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
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Christodoulou AG, Cruz G, Arami A, Weingärtner S, Artico J, Peters D, Seiberlich N. The future of cardiovascular magnetic resonance: All-in-one vs. real-time (Part 1). J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2024; 26:100997. [PMID: 38237900 PMCID: PMC11211239 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocmr.2024.100997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) protocols can be lengthy and complex, which has driven the research community to develop new technologies to make these protocols more efficient and patient-friendly. Two different approaches to improving CMR have been proposed, specifically "all-in-one" CMR, where several contrasts and/or motion states are acquired simultaneously, and "real-time" CMR, in which the examination is accelerated to avoid the need for breathholding and/or cardiac gating. The goal of this two-part manuscript is to describe these two different types of emerging rapid CMR. To this end, the vision of each is described, along with techniques which have been devised and tested along the pathway of clinical implementation. The pros and cons of the different methods are presented, and the remaining open needs of each are detailed. Part 1 will tackle the "all-in-one" approaches, and Part 2 the "real-time" approaches along with an overall summary of these emerging methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony G Christodoulou
- Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Gastao Cruz
- Michigan Institute for Imaging Technology and Translation, Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Ayda Arami
- Department of Imaging Physics, Delft University of Technology, Delft, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Sebastian Weingärtner
- Department of Imaging Physics, Delft University of Technology, Delft, the Netherlands
| | | | - Dana Peters
- Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Nicole Seiberlich
- Michigan Institute for Imaging Technology and Translation, Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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Rashid I, Lima da Cruz G, Seiberlich N, Hamilton JI. Cardiac MR Fingerprinting: Overview, Technical Developments, and Applications. J Magn Reson Imaging 2023:10.1002/jmri.29206. [PMID: 38153855 PMCID: PMC11211246 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.29206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) is an established imaging modality with proven utility in assessing cardiovascular diseases. The ability of CMR to characterize myocardial tissue using T1 - and T2 -weighted imaging, parametric mapping, and late gadolinium enhancement has allowed for the non-invasive identification of specific pathologies not previously possible with modalities like echocardiography. However, CMR examinations are lengthy and technically complex, requiring multiple pulse sequences and different anatomical planes to comprehensively assess myocardial structure, function, and tissue composition. To increase the overall impact of this modality, there is a need to simplify and shorten CMR exams to improve access and efficiency, while also providing reproducible quantitative measurements. Multiparametric MRI techniques that measure multiple tissue properties offer one potential solution to this problem. This review provides an in-depth look at one such multiparametric approach, cardiac magnetic resonance fingerprinting (MRF). The article is structured as follows. First, a brief review of single-parametric and (non-Fingerprinting) multiparametric CMR mapping techniques is presented. Second, a general overview of cardiac MRF is provided covering pulse sequence implementation, dictionary generation, fast k-space sampling methods, and pattern recognition. Third, recent technical advances in cardiac MRF are covered spanning a variety of topics, including simultaneous multislice and 3D sampling, motion correction algorithms, cine MRF, synthetic multicontrast imaging, extensions to measure additional clinically important tissue properties (proton density fat fraction, T2 *, and T1ρ ), and deep learning methods for image reconstruction and parameter estimation. The last section will discuss potential clinical applications, concluding with a perspective on how multiparametric techniques like MRF may enable streamlined CMR protocols. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 5 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imran Rashid
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Gastao Lima da Cruz
- School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Nicole Seiberlich
- School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Jesse I. Hamilton
- School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals, Cleveland, OH, USA
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Peng P, Yue X, Tang L, Wu X, Deng Q, Wu T, Cai L, Liu Q, Xu J, Huang X, Chen Y, Diao K, Sun J. Feasibility of Free-Breathing, Non-ECG-Gated, Black-Blood Cine Magnetic Resonance Images With Multitasking in Measuring Left Ventricular Function Indices. Korean J Radiol 2023; 24:1221-1231. [PMID: 38016681 DOI: 10.3348/kjr.2023.0377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To clinically validate the feasibility and accuracy of cine images acquired through the multitasking method, with no electrocardiogram gating and free-breathing, in measuring left ventricular (LV) function indices by comparing them with those acquired through the balanced steady-state free precession (bSSFP) method, with multiple breath-holds and electrocardiogram gating. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty-three healthy volunteers (female:male, 30:13; mean age, 23.1 ± 2.3 years) and 36 patients requiring an assessment of LV function for various clinical indications (female:male, 22:14; 57.8 ± 11.3 years) were enrolled in this prospective study. Each participant underwent cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using the multiple breath-hold bSSFP method and free-breathing multitasking method. LV function parameters were measured for both MRI methods. Image quality was assessed through subjective image quality scores (1 to 5) and calculation of the contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) between the myocardium and blood pool. Differences between the two MRI methods were analyzed using the Bland-Altman plot, paired t-test, or Wilcoxon signed-rank test, as appropriate. RESULTS LV ejection fraction (LVEF) was not significantly different between the two MRI methods (P = 0.222 in healthy volunteers and P = 0.343 in patients). LV end-diastolic mass was slightly overestimated with multitasking in both healthy volunteers (multitasking vs. bSSFP, 60.5 ± 10.7 g vs. 58.0 ± 10.4 g, respectively; P < 0.001) and patients (69.4 ± 18.1 g vs. 66.8 ± 18.0 g, respectively; P = 0.003). Acceptable and comparable image quality was achieved for both MRI methods (multitasking vs. bSSFP, 4.5 ± 0.7 vs. 4.6 ± 0.6, respectively; P = 0.203). The CNR between the myocardium and blood pool showed no significant differences between the two MRI methods (18.89 ± 6.65 vs. 18.19 ± 5.83, respectively; P = 0.480). CONCLUSION Multitasking-derived cine images obtained without electrocardiogram gating and breath-holding achieved similar image quality and accurate quantification of LVEF in healthy volunteers and patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Peng
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xun Yue
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lu Tang
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xi Wu
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qiao Deng
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Tao Wu
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lei Cai
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qi Liu
- UIH America, Inc., Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jian Xu
- UIH America, Inc., Houston, TX, USA
| | - Xiaoqi Huang
- Department of Radiology and Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular lmaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yucheng Chen
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Kaiyue Diao
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Jiayu Sun
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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Li P, Hu Y. Learned Tensor Low-CP-Rank and Bloch Response Manifold Priors for Non-Cartesian MRF Reconstruction. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MEDICAL IMAGING 2023; 42:3702-3714. [PMID: 37549069 DOI: 10.1109/tmi.2023.3302872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance fingerprinting (MRF) can rapidly perform simultaneous imaging of multiple tissue parameters. However, the rapid acquisition schemes used in MRF inevitably introduce aliasing artifacts in the recovered tissue fingerprints, reducing the accuracy of the predicted parameter maps. Current regularized reconstruction methods are based on iterative procedures which are usually time-consuming. In addition, most of the current deep learning-based methods for MRF often lack interpretability owing to the black-box nature, and most deep learning-based methods are not applicable for non-Cartesian scenarios, which limits the practical applications. In this paper, we propose a joint reconstruction model incorporating MRF-physics prior and the data correlation constraint for non-Cartesian MRF reconstruction. To avoid time-consuming iterative procedures, we unroll the reconstruction model into a deep neural network. Specifically, we propose a learned CANDECOMP/PARAFAC (CP) decomposition module to exploit the tensor low-rank priors of high-dimensional MRF data, which avoids computationally burdensome singular value decomposition. Inspired by the MRF-physics, we also propose a Bloch response manifold module to learn the mapping between reconstructed MRF data and the multiple parameter maps. Numerical experiments show that the proposed network can reconstruct high-quality MRF data and multiple parameter maps within significantly reduced computational time.
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10
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Sheagren CD, Cao T, Patel JH, Chen Z, Lee HL, Wang N, Christodoulou AG, Wright GA. Motion-compensated T 1 mapping in cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging: a technical review. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1160183. [PMID: 37790594 PMCID: PMC10542904 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1160183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
T 1 mapping is becoming a staple magnetic resonance imaging method for diagnosing myocardial diseases such as ischemic cardiomyopathy, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, myocarditis, and more. Clinically, most T 1 mapping sequences acquire a single slice at a single cardiac phase across a 10 to 15-heartbeat breath-hold, with one to three slices acquired in total. This leaves opportunities for improving patient comfort and information density by acquiring data across multiple cardiac phases in free-running acquisitions and across multiple respiratory phases in free-breathing acquisitions. Scanning in the presence of cardiac and respiratory motion requires more complex motion characterization and compensation. Most clinical mapping sequences use 2D single-slice acquisitions; however newer techniques allow for motion-compensated reconstructions in three dimensions and beyond. To further address confounding factors and improve measurement accuracy, T 1 maps can be acquired jointly with other quantitative parameters such as T 2 , T 2 ∗ , fat fraction, and more. These multiparametric acquisitions allow for constrained reconstruction approaches that isolate contributions to T 1 from other motion and relaxation mechanisms. In this review, we examine the state of the literature in motion-corrected and motion-resolved T 1 mapping, with potential future directions for further technical development and clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Calder D. Sheagren
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Tianle Cao
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Jaykumar H. Patel
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Zihao Chen
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Hsu-Lei Lee
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Nan Wang
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Anthony G. Christodoulou
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Graham A. Wright
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
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11
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Maatman IT, Ypma S, Kachelrieß M, Berker Y, van der Bijl E, Block KT, Hermans JJ, Maas MC, Scheenen TWJ. Single-spoke binning: Reducing motion artifacts in abdominal radial stack-of-stars imaging. Magn Reson Med 2023; 89:1931-1944. [PMID: 36594436 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.29576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To increase the effectiveness of respiratory gating in radial stack-of-stars MRI, particularly when imaging at high spatial resolutions or with multiple echoes. METHODS Free induction decay (FID) navigators were integrated into a three-dimensional gradient echo radial stack-of-stars pulse sequence. These navigators provided a motion signal with a high temporal resolution, which allowed single-spoke binning (SSB): each spoke at each phase encode step was sorted individually to the corresponding motion state of the respiratory signal. SSB was compared with spoke-angle binning (SAB), in which all phase encode steps of one projection angle were sorted without the use of additional navigator data. To illustrate the benefit of SSB over SAB, images of a motion phantom and of six free-breathing volunteers were reconstructed after motion-gating using either method. Image sharpness was quantitatively compared using image gradient entropies. RESULTS The proposed method resulted in sharper images of the motion phantom and free-breathing volunteers. Differences in gradient entropy were statistically significant (p = 0.03) in favor of SSB. The increased accuracy of motion-gating led to a decrease of streaking artifacts in motion-gated four-dimensional reconstructions. To consistently estimate respiratory signals from the FID-navigator data, specific types of gradient spoiler waveforms were required. CONCLUSION SSB allowed high-resolution motion-corrected MR imaging, even when acquiring multiple gradient echo signals or large acquisition matrices, without sacrificing accuracy of motion-gating. SSB thus relieves restrictions on the choice of pulse sequence parameters, enabling the use of motion-gated radial stack-of-stars MRI in a broader domain of clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivo T Maatman
- Department of Medical Imaging, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Sjoerd Ypma
- Department of Medical Imaging, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Marc Kachelrieß
- Division of X-Ray Imaging and Computed Tomography, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Yannick Berker
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Clinical Cooperation Unit Pediatric Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany.,National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Erik van der Bijl
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Kai Tobias Block
- Department of Radiology, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York, USA
| | - John J Hermans
- Department of Medical Imaging, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Marnix C Maas
- Department of Medical Imaging, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Tom W J Scheenen
- Department of Medical Imaging, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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12
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Wang X, Rosenzweig S, Roeloffs V, Blumenthal M, Scholand N, Tan Z, Holme HCM, Unterberg-Buchwald C, Hinkel R, Uecker M. Free-breathing myocardial T 1 mapping using inversion-recovery radial FLASH and motion-resolved model-based reconstruction. Magn Reson Med 2023; 89:1368-1384. [PMID: 36404631 PMCID: PMC9892313 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.29521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop a free-breathing myocardialT 1 $$ {\mathrm{T}}_1 $$ mapping technique using inversion-recovery (IR) radial fast low-angle shot (FLASH) and calibrationless motion-resolved model-based reconstruction. METHODS Free-running (free-breathing, retrospective cardiac gating) IR radial FLASH is used for data acquisition at 3T. First, to reduce the waiting time between inversions, an analytical formula is derived that takes the incompleteT 1 $$ {\mathrm{T}}_1 $$ recovery into account for an accurateT 1 $$ {\mathrm{T}}_1 $$ calculation. Second, the respiratory motion signal is estimated from the k-space center of the contrast varying acquisition using an adapted singular spectrum analysis (SSA-FARY) technique. Third, a motion-resolved model-based reconstruction is used to estimate both parameter and coil sensitivity maps directly from the sorted k-space data. Thus, spatiotemporal total variation, in addition to the spatial sparsity constraints, can be directly applied to the parameter maps. Validations are performed on an experimental phantom, 11 human subjects, and a young landrace pig with myocardial infarction. RESULTS In comparison to an IR spin-echo reference, phantom results confirm goodT 1 $$ {\mathrm{T}}_1 $$ accuracy, when reducing the waiting time from 5 s to 1 s using the new correction. The motion-resolved model-based reconstruction further improvesT 1 $$ {\mathrm{T}}_1 $$ precision compared to the spatial regularization-only reconstruction. Aside from showing that a reliable respiratory motion signal can be estimated using modified SSA-FARY, in vivo studies demonstrate that dynamic myocardialT 1 $$ {\mathrm{T}}_1 $$ maps can be obtained within 2 min with good precision and repeatability. CONCLUSION Motion-resolved myocardialT 1 $$ {\mathrm{T}}_1 $$ mapping during free-breathing with good accuracy, precision and repeatability can be achieved by combining inversion-recovery radial FLASH, self-gating and a calibrationless motion-resolved model-based reconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Wang
- Institute of Biomedical Imaging, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria
- Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology of the University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Rosenzweig
- Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology of the University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Göttingen, Germany
| | - Volkert Roeloffs
- Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology of the University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany
| | - Moritz Blumenthal
- Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology of the University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany
| | - Nick Scholand
- Institute of Biomedical Imaging, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria
| | - Zhengguo Tan
- Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology of the University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Göttingen, Germany
| | | | - Christina Unterberg-Buchwald
- Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology of the University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Göttingen, Germany
| | - Rabea Hinkel
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Göttingen, Germany
- Laboratory Animal Science Unit, Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Deutsches Primatenzentrum GmbH, Göttingen, Germany
- Institute for Animal Hygiene, Animal Welfare and Farm Animal Behavior, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany
| | - Martin Uecker
- Institute of Biomedical Imaging, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria
- Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology of the University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Göttingen, Germany
- Cluster of “Excellence Multiscale Bioimaging: from Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells” (MBExC), University of Göttingen, Germany
- BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria
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13
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Hu Z, Xiao J, Mao X, Xie Y, Kwan AC, Song SS, Fong MW, Wilcox AG, Li D, Christodoulou AG, Fan Z. MR Multitasking-based multi-dimensional assessment of cardiovascular system (MT-MACS) with extended spatial coverage and water-fat separation. Magn Reson Med 2023; 89:1496-1505. [PMID: 36336794 PMCID: PMC9892247 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.29522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To extend the MR MultiTasking-based Multidimensional Assessment of Cardiovascular System (MT-MACS) technique with larger spatial coverage and water-fat separation for comprehensive aortocardiac assessment. METHODS MT-MACS adopts a low-rank tensor image model for 7D imaging, with three spatial dimensions for volumetric imaging, one cardiac motion dimension for cine imaging, one respiratory motion dimension for free-breathing imaging, one T2-prepared inversion recovery time dimension for multi-contrast assessment, and one T2*-decay time dimension for water-fat separation. Nine healthy subjects were recruited for the 3T study. Overall image quality was scored on bright-blood (BB), dark-blood (DB), and gray-blood (GB) contrasts using a 4-point scale (0-poor to 3-excellent) by two independent readers, and their interreader agreement was evaluated. Myocardial wall thickness and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) were quantified on DB and BB contrasts, respectively. The agreement in these metrics between MT-MACS and conventional breath-held, electrocardiography-triggered 2D sequences were evaluated. RESULTS MT-MACS provides both water-only and fat-only images with excellent image quality (average score = 3.725/3.780/3.835/3.890 for BB/DB/GB/fat-only images) and moderate to high interreader agreement (weighted Cohen's kappa value = 0.727/0.668/1.000/1.000 for BB/DB/GB/fat-only images). There were good to excellent agreements in myocardial wall thickness measurements (intraclass correlation coefficients [ICC] = 0.781/0.929/0.680/0.878 for left atria/left ventricle/right atria/right ventricle) and LVEF quantification (ICC = 0.716) between MT-MACS and 2D references. All measurements were within the literature range of healthy subjects. CONCLUSION The refined MT-MACS technique provides multi-contrast, phase-resolved, and water-fat imaging of the aortocardiac systems and allows evaluation of anatomy and function. Clinical validation is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhehao Hu
- Department of RadiologyUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
- Biomedical Imaging Research InstituteCedars‐Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
- Department of BioengineeringUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Jiayu Xiao
- Department of RadiologyUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Xianglun Mao
- Biomedical Imaging Research InstituteCedars‐Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Yibin Xie
- Biomedical Imaging Research InstituteCedars‐Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Alan C. Kwan
- Biomedical Imaging Research InstituteCedars‐Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
- Smidt Heart InstituteCedars‐Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Shlee S. Song
- Department of NeurologyCedars‐Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Michael W. Fong
- Division of Cardiovascular MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
- Cardiovascular Thoracic InstituteUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Alison G. Wilcox
- Department of RadiologyUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Debiao Li
- Biomedical Imaging Research InstituteCedars‐Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
- Department of BioengineeringUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Anthony G. Christodoulou
- Biomedical Imaging Research InstituteCedars‐Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
- Department of BioengineeringUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Zhaoyang Fan
- Department of RadiologyUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
- Biomedical Imaging Research InstituteCedars‐Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
- Department of Radiation OncologyUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
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14
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Ludwig J, Kerkering KM, Speier P, Schaeffter T, Kolbitsch C. Pilot tone-based prospective correction of respiratory motion for free-breathing myocardial T1 mapping. MAGMA (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 36:135-150. [PMID: 35921020 PMCID: PMC9992053 DOI: 10.1007/s10334-022-01032-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To provide respiratory motion correction for free-breathing myocardial T1 mapping using a pilot tone (PT) and a continuous golden-angle radial acquisition. MATERIALS AND METHODS During a 45 s prescan the PT is acquired together with a dynamic sagittal image covering multiple respiratory cycles. From these images, the respiratory heart motion in head-feet and anterior-posterior direction is estimated and two linear models are derived between the PT and heart motion. In the following scan through-plane motion is corrected prospectively with slice tracking based on the PT. In-plane motion is corrected for retrospectively. Our method was evaluated on a motion phantom and 11 healthy subjects. RESULTS Non-motion corrected measurements using a moving phantom showed T1 errors of 14 ± 4% (p < 0.05) compared to a reference measurement. The proposed motion correction approach reduced this error to 3 ± 4% (p < 0.05). In vivo the respiratory motion led to an overestimation of T1 values by 26 ± 31% compared to breathhold T1 maps, which was successfully corrected to an average difference of 3 ± 2% (p < 0.05) between our free-breathing approach and breathhold data. DISCUSSION Our proposed PT-based motion correction approach allows for T1 mapping during free-breathing with the same accuracy as a corresponding breathhold T1 mapping scan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliane Ludwig
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig and Berlin, Abbestr. 2-12, 10587, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Kirsten Miriam Kerkering
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig and Berlin, Abbestr. 2-12, 10587, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Tobias Schaeffter
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christoph Kolbitsch
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig and Berlin, Abbestr. 2-12, 10587, Berlin, Germany
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15
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Munoz C, Fotaki A, Botnar RM, Prieto C. Latest Advances in Image Acceleration: All Dimensions are Fair Game. J Magn Reson Imaging 2023; 57:387-402. [PMID: 36205716 PMCID: PMC10092100 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.28462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a versatile modality that can generate high-resolution images with a variety of tissue contrasts. However, MRI is a slow technique and requires long acquisition times, which increase with higher temporal and spatial resolution and/or when multiple contrasts and large volumetric coverage is required. In order to speedup MR data acquisition, several approaches have been introduced in the literature. Most of these techniques acquire less data than required and exploit intrinsic redundancies in the MR images to recover the information that was not sampled. This article presents a review of MR acquisition and reconstruction methods that have exploited redundancies in the temporal, spatial, and contrast/parametric dimensions to accelerate image data acquisition, focusing on cardiac and abdominal MR imaging applications. The review describes how each of these dimensions has been separately exploited for speeding up MR acquisition to then discuss more advanced techniques where multiple dimensions are exploited together for further reducing scan times. Finally, future directions for multidimensional image acceleration and remaining technical challenges are discussed. EVIDENCE LEVEL: 5 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Munoz
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Anastasia Fotaki
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - René M Botnar
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.,Escuela de Ingeniería, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Millenium Institute for Intelligent Healthcare Engineering iHEALTH, Santiago, Chile
| | - Claudia Prieto
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.,Escuela de Ingeniería, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Millenium Institute for Intelligent Healthcare Engineering iHEALTH, Santiago, Chile
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16
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Free-breathing and instantaneous abdominal T 2 mapping via single-shot multiple overlapping-echo acquisition and deep learning reconstruction. Eur Radiol 2023:10.1007/s00330-023-09417-2. [PMID: 36692597 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-023-09417-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To develop a real-time abdominal T2 mapping method without requiring breath-holding or respiratory-gating. METHODS The single-shot multiple overlapping-echo detachment (MOLED) pulse sequence was employed to achieve free-breathing T2 mapping of the abdomen. Deep learning was used to untangle the non-linear relationship between the MOLED signal and T2 mapping. A synthetic data generation flow based on Bloch simulation, modality synthesis, and randomization was proposed to overcome the inadequacy of real-world training set. RESULTS The results from simulation and in vivo experiments demonstrated that our method could deliver high-quality T2 mapping. The average NMSE and R2 values of linear regression in the digital phantom experiments were 0.0178 and 0.9751. Pearson's correlation coefficient between our predicted T2 and reference T2 in the phantom experiments was 0.9996. In the measurements for the patients, real-time capture of the T2 value changes of various abdominal organs before and after contrast agent injection was realized. A total of 33 focal liver lesions were detected in the group, and the mean and standard deviation of T2 values were 141.1 ± 50.0 ms for benign and 63.3 ± 16.0 ms for malignant lesions. The coefficients of variance in a test-retest experiment were 2.9%, 1.2%, 0.9%, 3.1%, and 1.8% for the liver, kidney, gallbladder, spleen, and skeletal muscle, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Free-breathing abdominal T2 mapping is achieved in about 100 ms on a clinical MRI scanner. The work paved the way for the development of real-time dynamic T2 mapping in the abdomen. KEY POINTS • MOLED achieves free-breathing abdominal T2 mapping in about 100 ms, enabling real-time capture of T2 value changes due to CA injection in abdominal organs. • Synthetic data generation flow mitigates the issue of lack of sizable abdominal training datasets.
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17
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Fotaki A, Velasco C, Prieto C, Botnar RM. Quantitative MRI in cardiometabolic disease: From conventional cardiac and liver tissue mapping techniques to multi-parametric approaches. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 9:991383. [PMID: 36756640 PMCID: PMC9899858 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.991383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiometabolic disease refers to the spectrum of chronic conditions that include diabetes, hypertension, atheromatosis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and their long-term impact on cardiovascular health. Histological studies have confirmed several modifications at the tissue level in cardiometabolic disease. Recently, quantitative MR methods have enabled non-invasive myocardial and liver tissue characterization. MR relaxation mapping techniques such as T1, T1ρ, T2 and T2* provide a pixel-by-pixel representation of the corresponding tissue specific relaxation times, which have been shown to correlate with fibrosis, altered tissue perfusion, oedema and iron levels. Proton density fat fraction mapping approaches allow measurement of lipid tissue in the organ of interest. Several studies have demonstrated their utility as early diagnostic biomarkers and their potential to bear prognostic implications. Conventionally, the quantification of these parameters by MRI relies on the acquisition of sequential scans, encoding and mapping only one parameter per scan. However, this methodology is time inefficient and suffers from the confounding effects of the relaxation parameters in each single map, limiting wider clinical and research applications. To address these limitations, several novel approaches have been proposed that encode multiple tissue parameters simultaneously, providing co-registered multiparametric information of the tissues of interest. This review aims to describe the multi-faceted myocardial and hepatic tissue alterations in cardiometabolic disease and to motivate the application of relaxometry and proton-density cardiac and liver tissue mapping techniques. Current approaches in myocardial and liver tissue characterization as well as latest technical developments in multiparametric quantitative MRI are included. Limitations and challenges of these novel approaches, and recommendations to facilitate clinical validation are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Fotaki
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom,*Correspondence: Anastasia Fotaki,
| | - Carlos Velasco
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Claudia Prieto
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom,School of Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile,Institute for Biological and Medical Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile,Millennium Institute for Intelligent Healthcare Engineering, Santiago, Chile
| | - René M. Botnar
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom,School of Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile,Institute for Biological and Medical Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile,Millennium Institute for Intelligent Healthcare Engineering, Santiago, Chile
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18
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Wang N, Gaddam S, Xie Y, Christodoulou AG, Wu C, Ma S, Fan Z, Wang L, Lo S, Hendifar AE, Pandol SJ, Li D. Multitasking dynamic contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging can accurately differentiate chronic pancreatitis from pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Front Oncol 2023; 12:1007134. [PMID: 36686811 PMCID: PMC9853434 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1007134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and aims Accurate differentiation of chronic pancreatitis (CP) and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an area of unmet clinical need. In this study, a novel Multitasking dynamic contrast enhanced (DCE) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique was used to quantitatively evaluate the microcirculation properties of pancreas in CP and PDAC and differentiate between them. Methods The Multitasking DCE technique was able to acquire one 3D image per second during the passage of MRI contrast agent, allowing the quantitative estimation of microcirculation properties of tissue, including blood flow Fp, plasma volume fraction vp, transfer constant Ktrans, and extravascular extracellular volume fraction ve. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed to differentiate the CP pancreas, PDAC pancreas, normal control pancreas, PDAC tumor, PDAC upstream, and PDAC downstream. ROCs from quantitative analysis and conventional analysis were compared. Results Fourteen PDAC patients, 8 CP patients and 20 healthy subjects were prospectively recruited. The combination of Fp, vp, Ktrans, and ve can differentiate CP versus PDAC pancreas with good AUC (AUC [95% CI] = 0.821 [0.654 - 0.988]), CP versus normal pancreas with excellent AUC (1.000 [1.000 - 1.000]), PDAC pancreas versus normal pancreas with excellent AUC (1.000 [1.000 - 1.000]), CP versus PDAC tumor with excellent AUC (1.000 [1.000 - 1.000]), CP versus PDAC downstream with excellent AUC (0.917 [0.795 - 1.000]), and CP versus PDAC upstream with fair AUC (0.722 [0.465 - 0.980]). This quantitative analysis outperformed conventional analysis in differentiation of each pair. Conclusion Multitasking DCE MRI is a promising clinical tool that is capable of unbiased quantitative differentiation between CP from PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Wang
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Srinivas Gaddam
- The Karsh Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Yibin Xie
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Anthony G. Christodoulou
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States,Bioengineering Department, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Chaowei Wu
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States,Bioengineering Department, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Sen Ma
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Zhaoyang Fan
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States,Department of Radiology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Lixia Wang
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Simon Lo
- The Karsh Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Andrew E. Hendifar
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Stephen J. Pandol
- The Karsh Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Debiao Li
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States,Bioengineering Department, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States,*Correspondence: Debiao Li,
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19
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Phair A, Cruz G, Qi H, Botnar RM, Prieto C. Free-running 3D whole-heart T 1 and T 2 mapping and cine MRI using low-rank reconstruction with non-rigid cardiac motion correction. Magn Reson Med 2023; 89:217-232. [PMID: 36198014 PMCID: PMC9828568 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.29449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To introduce non-rigid cardiac motion correction into a novel free-running framework for the simultaneous acquisition of 3D whole-heart myocardial <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>T</mml:mi></mml:mrow> <mml:mrow><mml:mn>1</mml:mn></mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation>$$ {T}_1 $$</mml:annotation></mml:semantics> </mml:math> and <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>T</mml:mi></mml:mrow> <mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation>$$ {T}_2 $$</mml:annotation></mml:semantics> </mml:math> maps and cine images, enabling a <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:semantics><mml:mrow><mml:mo>∼</mml:mo></mml:mrow> <mml:annotation>$$ \sim $$</mml:annotation></mml:semantics> </mml:math> 3-min scan. METHODS Data were acquired using a free-running 3D golden-angle radial readout interleaved with inversion recovery and <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>T</mml:mi></mml:mrow> <mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation>$$ {T}_2 $$</mml:annotation></mml:semantics> </mml:math> -preparation pulses. After correction for translational respiratory motion, non-rigid cardiac-motion-corrected reconstruction with dictionary-based low-rank compression and patch-based regularization enabled 3D whole-heart <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>T</mml:mi></mml:mrow> <mml:mrow><mml:mn>1</mml:mn></mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation>$$ {T}_1 $$</mml:annotation></mml:semantics> </mml:math> and <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>T</mml:mi></mml:mrow> <mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation>$$ {T}_2 $$</mml:annotation></mml:semantics> </mml:math> mapping at any given cardiac phase as well as whole-heart cardiac cine imaging. The framework was validated and compared with established methods in 11 healthy subjects. RESULTS Good quality 3D <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>T</mml:mi></mml:mrow> <mml:mrow><mml:mn>1</mml:mn></mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation>$$ {T}_1 $$</mml:annotation></mml:semantics> </mml:math> and <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>T</mml:mi></mml:mrow> <mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation>$$ {T}_2 $$</mml:annotation></mml:semantics> </mml:math> maps and cine images were reconstructed for all subjects. Septal <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>T</mml:mi></mml:mrow> <mml:mrow><mml:mn>1</mml:mn></mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation>$$ {T}_1 $$</mml:annotation></mml:semantics> </mml:math> values using the proposed approach ( <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:semantics><mml:mrow><mml:mn>1200</mml:mn> <mml:mo>±</mml:mo> <mml:mn>50</mml:mn></mml:mrow> <mml:annotation>$$ 1200\pm 50 $$</mml:annotation></mml:semantics> </mml:math> ms) were higher than those from a 2D MOLLI sequence ( <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:semantics><mml:mrow><mml:mn>1063</mml:mn> <mml:mo>±</mml:mo> <mml:mn>33</mml:mn></mml:mrow> <mml:annotation>$$ 1063\pm 33 $$</mml:annotation></mml:semantics> </mml:math> ms), which is known to underestimate <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>T</mml:mi></mml:mrow> <mml:mrow><mml:mn>1</mml:mn></mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation>$$ {T}_1 $$</mml:annotation></mml:semantics> </mml:math> , while <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>T</mml:mi></mml:mrow> <mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation>$$ {T}_2 $$</mml:annotation></mml:semantics> </mml:math> values from the proposed approach ( <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:semantics><mml:mrow><mml:mn>51</mml:mn> <mml:mo>±</mml:mo> <mml:mn>4</mml:mn></mml:mrow> <mml:annotation>$$ 51\pm 4 $$</mml:annotation></mml:semantics> </mml:math> ms) were in good agreement with those from a 2D GraSE sequence ( <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:semantics><mml:mrow><mml:mn>51</mml:mn> <mml:mo>±</mml:mo> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:mrow> <mml:annotation>$$ 51\pm 2 $$</mml:annotation></mml:semantics> </mml:math> ms). CONCLUSION The proposed technique provides 3D <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>T</mml:mi></mml:mrow> <mml:mrow><mml:mn>1</mml:mn></mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation>$$ {T}_1 $$</mml:annotation></mml:semantics> </mml:math> and <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>T</mml:mi></mml:mrow> <mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation>$$ {T}_2 $$</mml:annotation></mml:semantics> </mml:math> maps and cine images with isotropic spatial resolution in a single <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:semantics><mml:mrow><mml:mo>∼</mml:mo></mml:mrow> <mml:annotation>$$ \sim $$</mml:annotation></mml:semantics> </mml:math> 3.3-min scan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Phair
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging SciencesKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Gastão Cruz
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging SciencesKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Haikun Qi
- School of Biomedical EngineeringShanghaiTech UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - René M. Botnar
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging SciencesKing's College LondonLondonUK,Instituto de Ingeniería Biológica y MédicaPontificia Universidad Católica de ChileSantiagoChile,Escuela de IngenieríaPontificia Universidad Católica de ChileSantiagoChile,Millennium Institute for Intelligent Healthcare EngineeringSantiagoChile
| | - Claudia Prieto
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging SciencesKing's College LondonLondonUK,Escuela de IngenieríaPontificia Universidad Católica de ChileSantiagoChile,Millennium Institute for Intelligent Healthcare EngineeringSantiagoChile
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20
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Eyre K, Lindsay K, Razzaq S, Chetrit M, Friedrich M. Simultaneous multi-parametric acquisition and reconstruction techniques in cardiac magnetic resonance imaging: Basic concepts and status of clinical development. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:953823. [PMID: 36277755 PMCID: PMC9582154 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.953823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Simultaneous multi-parametric acquisition and reconstruction techniques (SMART) are gaining attention for their potential to overcome some of cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging's (CMR) clinical limitations. The major advantages of SMART lie within their ability to simultaneously capture multiple "features" such as cardiac motion, respiratory motion, T1/T2 relaxation. This review aims to summarize the overarching theory of SMART, describing key concepts that many of these techniques share to produce co-registered, high quality CMR images in less time and with less requirements for specialized personnel. Further, this review provides an overview of the recent developments in the field of SMART by describing how they work, the parameters they can acquire, their status of clinical testing and validation, and by providing examples for how their use can improve the current state of clinical CMR workflows. Many of the SMART are in early phases of development and testing, thus larger scale, controlled trials are needed to evaluate their use in clinical setting and with different cardiac pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katerina Eyre
- McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada,Department of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada,*Correspondence: Katerina Eyre,
| | - Katherine Lindsay
- McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada,Department of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Saad Razzaq
- Department of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Michael Chetrit
- McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada,Department of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Matthias Friedrich
- McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada,Department of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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21
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Cao T, Wang N, Kwan AC, Lee HL, Mao X, Xie Y, Nguyen KL, Colbert CM, Han F, Han P, Han H, Christodoulou AG, Li D. Free-breathing, non-ECG, simultaneous myocardial T 1 , T 2 , T 2 *, and fat-fraction mapping with motion-resolved cardiovascular MR multitasking. Magn Reson Med 2022; 88:1748-1763. [PMID: 35713184 PMCID: PMC9339519 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.29351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop a free-breathing, non-electrocardiogram technique for simultaneous myocardial T1 , T2 , T2 *, and fat-fraction (FF) mapping in a single scan. METHODS The MR Multitasking framework is adapted to quantify T1 , T2 , T2 *, and FF simultaneously. A variable TR scheme is developed to preserve temporal resolution and imaging efficiency. The underlying high-dimensional image is modeled as a low-rank tensor, which allows accelerated acquisition and efficient reconstruction. The accuracy and/or repeatability of the technique were evaluated on static and motion phantoms, 12 healthy volunteers, and 3 patients by comparing to the reference techniques. RESULTS In static and motion phantoms, T1 /T2 /T2 */FF measurements showed substantial consistency (R > 0.98) and excellent agreement (intraclass correlation coefficient > 0.93) with reference measurements. In human subjects, the proposed technique yielded repeatable T1 , T2 , T2 *, and FF measurements that agreed with those from references. CONCLUSIONS The proposed free-breathing, non-electrocardiogram, motion-resolved Multitasking technique allows simultaneous quantification of myocardial T1 , T2 , T2 *, and FF in a single 2.5-min scan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianle Cao
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Nan Wang
- Radiology Department, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Alan C. Kwan
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Imaging and Cardiology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Hsu-Lei Lee
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Xianglun Mao
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Yibin Xie
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Kim-Lien Nguyen
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- David Geffen School of Medicine and VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Caroline M. Colbert
- David Geffen School of Medicine and VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Physics and Biology in Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Fei Han
- Siemens Medical Solutions USA, Inc., Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Pei Han
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Hui Han
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Anthony G. Christodoulou
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Debiao Li
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
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22
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Zhou R, Wang J, Weller DS, Yang Y, Mugler JP, Salerno M. Free-breathing self-gated continuous-IR spiral T1 mapping: Comparison of dual flip-angle and Bloch-Siegert B1-corrected techniques. Magn Reson Med 2022; 88:1068-1080. [PMID: 35481596 PMCID: PMC9325422 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.29269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Purpose To develop a B1‐corrrected single flip‐angle continuous acquisition strategy with free‐breathing and cardiac self‐gating for spiral T1 mapping, and compare it to a previous dual flip‐angle technique. Methods Data were continuously acquired using a spiral‐out trajectory, rotated by the golden angle in time. During the first 2 s, off‐resonance Fermi RF pulses were applied to generate a Bloch‐Siegert shift B1 map, and the subsequent data were acquired with an inversion RF pulse applied every 4 s to create a T1* map. The final T1 map was generated from the B1 and the T1* maps by using a look‐up table that accounted for slice profile effects, yielding more accurate T1 values. T1 values were compared to those from inversion recovery (IR) spin echo (phantom only), MOLLI, SAturation‐recovery single‐SHot Acquisition (SASHA), and previously proposed dual flip‐angle results. This strategy was evaluated in a phantom and 25 human subjects. Results The proposed technique showed good agreement with IR spin‐echo results in the phantom experiment. For in‐vivo studies, the proposed technique and the previously proposed dual flip‐angle method were more similar to SASHA results than to MOLLI results. Conclusions B1‐corrected single flip‐angle T1 mapping successfully acquired B1 and T1 maps in a free‐breathing, continuous‐IR spiral acquisition, providing a method with improved accuracy to measure T1 using a continuous Look‐Locker acquisition, as compared to the previously proposed dual excitation flip‐angle technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixi Zhou
- Department of Artificial Intelligence, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Junyu Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | | | - Yang Yang
- Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Institute and Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - John P Mugler
- Radiology & Medical Imaging, Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Michael Salerno
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine and Department of Radiology, Cardiovascular Imaging, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, USA.,Department of Medicine, Cardiology Division, Radiology and Medical Imaging, and Biomedical Imaging, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
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23
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Ismail TF, Strugnell W, Coletti C, Božić-Iven M, Weingärtner S, Hammernik K, Correia T, Küstner T. Cardiac MR: From Theory to Practice. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:826283. [PMID: 35310962 PMCID: PMC8927633 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.826283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading single cause of morbidity and mortality, causing over 17. 9 million deaths worldwide per year with associated costs of over $800 billion. Improving prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of CVD is therefore a global priority. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) has emerged as a clinically important technique for the assessment of cardiovascular anatomy, function, perfusion, and viability. However, diversity and complexity of imaging, reconstruction and analysis methods pose some limitations to the widespread use of CMR. Especially in view of recent developments in the field of machine learning that provide novel solutions to address existing problems, it is necessary to bridge the gap between the clinical and scientific communities. This review covers five essential aspects of CMR to provide a comprehensive overview ranging from CVDs to CMR pulse sequence design, acquisition protocols, motion handling, image reconstruction and quantitative analysis of the obtained data. (1) The basic MR physics of CMR is introduced. Basic pulse sequence building blocks that are commonly used in CMR imaging are presented. Sequences containing these building blocks are formed for parametric mapping and functional imaging techniques. Commonly perceived artifacts and potential countermeasures are discussed for these methods. (2) CMR methods for identifying CVDs are illustrated. Basic anatomy and functional processes are described to understand the cardiac pathologies and how they can be captured by CMR imaging. (3) The planning and conduct of a complete CMR exam which is targeted for the respective pathology is shown. Building blocks are illustrated to create an efficient and patient-centered workflow. Further strategies to cope with challenging patients are discussed. (4) Imaging acceleration and reconstruction techniques are presented that enable acquisition of spatial, temporal, and parametric dynamics of the cardiac cycle. The handling of respiratory and cardiac motion strategies as well as their integration into the reconstruction processes is showcased. (5) Recent advances on deep learning-based reconstructions for this purpose are summarized. Furthermore, an overview of novel deep learning image segmentation and analysis methods is provided with a focus on automatic, fast and reliable extraction of biomarkers and parameters of clinical relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tevfik F. Ismail
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Cardiology Department, Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Wendy Strugnell
- Queensland X-Ray, Mater Hospital Brisbane, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Chiara Coletti
- Magnetic Resonance Systems Lab, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands
| | - Maša Božić-Iven
- Magnetic Resonance Systems Lab, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands
- Computer Assisted Clinical Medicine, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | | | - Kerstin Hammernik
- Lab for AI in Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Computing, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Teresa Correia
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Centre of Marine Sciences, Faro, Portugal
| | - Thomas Küstner
- Medical Image and Data Analysis (MIDAS.lab), Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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24
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Chen Z, Chen Y, Xie Y, Li D, Christodoulou AG. Data-Consistent non-Cartesian deep subspace learning for efficient dynamic MR image reconstruction. PROCEEDINGS. IEEE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON BIOMEDICAL IMAGING 2022; 2022:10.1109/isbi52829.2022.9761497. [PMID: 35572068 PMCID: PMC9104888 DOI: 10.1109/isbi52829.2022.9761497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Non-Cartesian sampling with subspace-constrained image reconstruction is a popular approach to dynamic MRI, but slow iterative reconstruction limits its clinical application. Data-consistent (DC) deep learning can accelerate reconstruction with good image quality, but has not been formulated for non-Cartesian subspace imaging. In this study, we propose a DC non-Cartesian deep subspace learning framework for fast, accurate dynamic MR image reconstruction. Four novel DC formulations are developed and evaluated: two gradient decent approaches, a directly solved approach, and a conjugate gradient approach. We applied a U-Net model with and without DC layers to reconstruct T1-weighted images for cardiac MR Multitasking (an advanced multidimensional imaging method), comparing our results to the iteratively reconstructed reference. Experimental results show that the proposed framework significantly improves reconstruction accuracy over the U-Net model without DC, while significantly accelerating the reconstruction over conventional iterative reconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihao Chen
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, UCLA, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Yuhua Chen
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, UCLA, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Yibin Xie
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Debiao Li
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, UCLA, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Anthony G Christodoulou
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, UCLA, Los Angeles, USA
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25
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Ma S, Wang N, Xie Y, Fan Z, Li D, Christodoulou AG. Motion-robust quantitative multiparametric brain MRI with motion-resolved MR multitasking. Magn Reson Med 2022; 87:102-119. [PMID: 34398991 PMCID: PMC8616852 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.28959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To address head motion in brain MRI with a novel motion-resolved imaging framework, with application to motion-robust quantitative multiparametric mapping. METHODS MR multitasking conceptualizes the underlying multiparametric image in the presence of motion as a multidimensional low-rank tensor. By incorporating a motion-state dimension into the parameter dimensions and introducing unsupervised motion-state binning and outlier motion reweighting mechanisms, the brain motion can be readily resolved for motion-robust quantitative imaging. A numerical motion phantom was used to simulate different discrete and periodic motion patterns under various translational and rotational scenarios, as well as investigate the sensitivity to exceptionally small and large displacements. In vivo brain MRI was performed to also evaluate different real discrete and periodic motion patterns. The effectiveness of motion-resolved imaging for simultaneous T1 /T2 /T1ρ mapping in the brain was investigated. RESULTS For all 14 simulation scenarios of small, intermediate, and large motion displacements, the motion-resolved approach produced T1 /T2 /T1ρ maps with less absolute difference errors against the ground truth, lower RMSE, and higher structural similarity index measure of T1 /T2 /T1ρ measurements compared to motion removal, and no motion handling. For in vivo experiments, the motion-resolved approach produced T1 /T2 /T1ρ maps with the best image quality free from motion artifacts under random discrete motion, tremor, periodic shaking, and nodding patterns compared to motion removal and no motion handling. The proposed method also yielded T1 /T2 /T1ρ measurement distributions closest to the motion-free reference, with minimal measurement bias and variance. CONCLUSION Motion-resolved quantitative brain imaging is achieved with multitasking, which is generalizable to various head motion patterns without explicit need for registration-based motion correction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen Ma
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Nan Wang
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yibin Xie
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Zhaoyang Fan
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA,Department of Radiology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Debiao Li
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Anthony G. Christodoulou
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA,Corresponding author: Anthony G. Christodoulou, 8700 Beverly Blvd, PACT 400, Los Angeles, CA 90048, , phone: 3104236754
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Wang N, Cao T, Han F, Xie Y, Zhong X, Ma S, Kwan A, Fan Z, Han H, Bi X, Noureddin M, Deshpande V, Christodoulou AG, Li D. Free-breathing multitasking multi-echo MRI for whole-liver water-specific T 1 , proton density fat fraction, and R2∗ quantification. Magn Reson Med 2022; 87:120-137. [PMID: 34418152 PMCID: PMC8616772 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.28970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop a 3D multitasking multi-echo (MT-ME) technique for the comprehensive characterization of liver tissues with 5-min free-breathing acquisition; whole-liver coverage; a spatial resolution of 1.5 × 1.5 × 6 mm3 ; and simultaneous quantification of T1 , water-specific T1 (T1w ), proton density fat fraction (PDFF), and R2∗ . METHODS Six-echo bipolar spoiled gradient echo readouts following inversion recovery preparation was performed to generate T1 , water/fat, and R2∗ contrast. MR multitasking was used to reconstruct the MT-ME images with 3 spatial dimensions: 1 T1 recovery dimension, 1 multi-echo dimension, and 1 respiratory dimension. A basis function-based approach was developed for T1w quantification, followed by the estimation of R2∗ and T1 -corrected PDFF. The intrasession repeatability and agreement against references of MT-ME measurements were tested on a phantom and 15 clinically healthy subjects. In addition, 4 patients with confirmed liver diseases were recruited, and the agreement between MT-ME measurements and references was assessed. RESULTS MT-ME produced high-quality, coregistered T1 , T1w , PDFF, and R2∗ maps with good intrasession repeatability and substantial agreement with references on phantom and human studies. The intra-class coefficients of T1 , T1w , PDFF, and R2∗ from the repeat MT-ME measurements on clinically healthy subjects were 0.989, 0.990, 0.999, and 0.988, respectively. The intra-class coefficients of T1 , PDFF, and R2∗ between the MT-ME and reference measurements were 0.924, 0.987, and 0.975 in healthy subjects and 0.980, 0.999, and 0.998 in patients. The T1w was independent to PDFF (R = -0.029, P = .904). CONCLUSION The proposed MT-ME technique quantifies T1 , T1w , PDFF, and R2∗ simultaneously and is clinically promising for the comprehensive characterization of liver tissue properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Wang
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Tianle Cao
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA,Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Fei Han
- MR Research and Development, Siemens Medical Solutions USA, Inc., Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yibin Xie
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Xiaodong Zhong
- MR Research and Development, Siemens Medical Solutions USA, Inc., Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sen Ma
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Alan Kwan
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA,Departments of Imaging and Cardiology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Zhaoyang Fan
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA,Department of Radiology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Hui Han
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Xiaoming Bi
- MR Research and Development, Siemens Medical Solutions USA, Inc., Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mazen Noureddin
- Karsh Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Comprehensive Transplant Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Vibhas Deshpande
- MR Research and Development, Siemens Medical Solutions USA, Inc., Austin, TX, USA
| | - Anthony G. Christodoulou
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA,Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Debiao Li
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA,Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA,Corresponding Author Contact Information: Debiao Li, Ph.D., Director, Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd, PACT 400, Los Angeles, California, USA 90048, Phone: 310-423-7743,
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Serry FM, Ma S, Mao X, Han F, Xie Y, Han H, Li D, Christodoulou AG. Dual flip-angle IR-FLASH with spin history mapping for B1+ corrected T1 mapping: Application to T1 cardiovascular magnetic resonance multitasking. Magn Reson Med 2021; 86:3182-3191. [PMID: 34309072 PMCID: PMC8568626 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.28935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop a single-scan method for B 1 + -corrected T1 mapping and apply it for free-breathing (FB) cardiac MR multitasking without electrocardiogram (ECG) triggering. METHODS One dual flip-angle (2FA) inversion recovery (IR)-FLASH scan provides two observations of T 1 ∗ (apparent T1 ) corresponding to two distinct combinations of the nominal FA α and B 1 + . Spatiotemporally coregistered T1 and B 1 + spin history maps are obtained by fitting the 2FA signal model. T1 estimate accuracy and repeatability for single flip-angle (1FA) and 2FA IR-FLASH sequence MR multitasking were evaluated at 3T. A T1 phantom was first imaged on the scanner table, then on two human subjects' thoraxes in both breath-hold (BH) and FB conditions. IR-turbo spin echo (IR-TSE) static phantom T1 measurements served as reference. In 10 healthy subjects, myocardial T1 was evaluated with ECG-free, FB multitasking sequences alongside ECG-triggered BH MOLLI. RESULTS For phantom-on-table T1 estimates, 2FA agreed better with IR-TSE (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC] = 0.996, mean error ± SD = -1.6% ± 1.9%) than did 1FA (ICC = 0.922; mean error ± SD = -4.3% ± 12%). For phantom-on-thorax, 2FA was more repeatable and robust to respiration than 1FA (coefficient of variation [CoV] = 1.2% 2FA, = 11.3% 1FA). In vivo, in intrasession T1 repeatability, 2FA (septal CoV = 2.4%, six-segment CoV = 4.4%) outperformed 1FA (septal CoV = 3.1%, six-segment CoV = 5.5%). In six-segment T1 homogeneity, 2FA (CoV = 7.9%) also outperformed 1FA (CoV = 11.1%). CONCLUSION The 2FA IR-FLASH improves T1 estimate accuracy and repeatability over 1FA IR-FLASH, and enables single-scan B 1 + -corrected T1 mapping without BHs or ECG when used with MR multitasking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fardad Michael Serry
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sen Ma
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Xianglun Mao
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Fei Han
- Siemens Medical Solutions USA, Inc., Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yibin Xie
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Hui Han
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Debiao Li
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Weingärtner S, Desmond KL, Obuchowski NA, Baessler B, Zhang Y, Biondetti E, Ma D, Golay X, Boss MA, Gunter JL, Keenan KE, Hernando D. Development, validation, qualification, and dissemination of quantitative MR methods: Overview and recommendations by the ISMRM quantitative MR study group. Magn Reson Med 2021; 87:1184-1206. [PMID: 34825741 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.29084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
On behalf of the International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine (ISMRM) Quantitative MR Study Group, this article provides an overview of considerations for the development, validation, qualification, and dissemination of quantitative MR (qMR) methods. This process is framed in terms of two central technical performance properties, i.e., bias and precision. Although qMR is confounded by undesired effects, methods with low bias and high precision can be iteratively developed and validated. For illustration, two distinct qMR methods are discussed throughout the manuscript: quantification of liver proton-density fat fraction, and cardiac T1 . These examples demonstrate the expansion of qMR methods from research centers toward widespread clinical dissemination. The overall goal of this article is to provide trainees, researchers, and clinicians with essential guidelines for the development and validation of qMR methods, as well as an understanding of necessary steps and potential pitfalls for the dissemination of quantitative MR in research and in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Weingärtner
- Department of Imaging Physics, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Kimberly L Desmond
- Brain Health Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nancy A Obuchowski
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Bettina Baessler
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Yuxin Zhang
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.,Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Emma Biondetti
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, D'Annunzio University of Chieti and Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Dan Ma
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Xavier Golay
- Brain Repair & Rehabilitation, Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom.,Gold Standard Phantoms Limited, Rochester, United Kingdom
| | - Michael A Boss
- Center for Research and Innovation, American College of Radiology, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Kathryn E Keenan
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Diego Hernando
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.,Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
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Han PK, Marin T, Djebra Y, Landes V, Zhuo Y, El Fakhri G, Ma C. Free-breathing 3D cardiac T 1 mapping with transmit B 1 correction at 3T. Magn Reson Med 2021; 87:1832-1845. [PMID: 34812547 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.29097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop a cardiac T1 mapping method for free-breathing 3D T1 mapping of the whole heart at 3 T with transmit B1 ( B 1 + ) correction. METHODS A free-breathing, electrocardiogram-gated inversion-recovery sequence with spoiled gradient-echo readout was developed and optimized for cardiac T1 mapping at 3 T. High-frame-rate dynamic images were reconstructed from sparse (k,t)-space data acquired along a stack-of-stars trajectory using a subspace-based method for accelerated imaging. Joint T1 and flip-angle estimation was performed in T1 mapping to improve its robustness to B 1 + inhomogeneity. Subject-specific timing of data acquisition was used in the estimation to account for natural heart-rate variations during the imaging experiment. RESULTS Simulations showed that accuracy and precision of T1 mapping can be improved with joint T1 and flip-angle estimation and optimized electrocardiogram-gated spoiled gradient echo-based inversion-recovery acquisition scheme. The phantom study showed good agreement between the T1 maps from the proposed method and the reference method. Three-dimensional cardiac T1 maps (40 slices) were obtained at a 1.9-mm in-plane and 4.5-mm through-plane spatial resolution from healthy subjects (n = 6) with an average imaging time of 14.2 ± 1.6 minutes (heartbeat rate: 64.2 ± 7.1 bpm), showing myocardial T1 values comparable to those obtained from modified Look-Locker inversion recovery. The proposed method generated B 1 + maps with spatially smooth variation showing 21%-32% and 11%-15% variations across the septal-lateral and inferior-anterior regions of the myocardium in the left ventricle. CONCLUSION The proposed method allows free-breathing 3D T1 mapping of the whole heart with transmit B1 correction in a practical imaging time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Kyu Han
- Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Thibault Marin
- Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Yanis Djebra
- Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,LTCI, Télécom Paris, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, France
| | | | - Yue Zhuo
- Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Georges El Fakhri
- Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Chao Ma
- Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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30
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Pelled G, Salas MM, Han P, Gill HE, Lautenschlager KA, Lai TT, Shawver CM, Hoch MB, Goff BJ, Betts AM, Zhou Z, Lynch C, Schroeder G, Bez M, Maya MM, Bresee C, Gazit Z, McCallin JP, Gazit D, Li D. Intradiscal quantitative chemical exchange saturation transfer MRI signal correlates with discogenic pain in human patients. Sci Rep 2021; 11:19195. [PMID: 34584114 PMCID: PMC8478892 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-97672-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Low back pain (LBP) is often a result of a degenerative process in the intervertebral disc. The precise origin of discogenic pain is diagnosed by the invasive procedure of provocative discography (PD). Previously, we developed quantitative chemical exchange saturation transfer (qCEST) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to detect pH as a biomarker for discogenic pain. Based on these findings we initiated a clinical study with the goal to evaluate the correlation between qCEST values and PD results in LBP patients. Twenty five volunteers with chronic low back pain were subjected to T2-weighted (T2w) and qCEST MRI scans followed by PD. A total of 72 discs were analyzed. The average qCEST signal value of painful discs was significantly higher than non-painful discs (p = 0.012). The ratio between qCEST and normalized T2w was found to be significantly higher in painful discs compared to non-painful discs (p = 0.0022). A receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis indicated that qCEST/T2w ratio could be used to differentiate between painful and non-painful discs with 78% sensitivity and 81% specificity. The results of the study suggest that qCEST could be used for the diagnosis of discogenic pain, in conjunction with the commonly used T2w scan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gadi Pelled
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA.
- Department of Orthopedics, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA.
- Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA.
| | - Margaux M Salas
- Division of Pain Management, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Brooke Army Medical Center, San Antonio, TX, 78234, USA
- 59th Medical Wing Air Force, San Antonio, TX, 78236, USA
| | - Pei Han
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
- Biomedical Research Imaging Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Howard E Gill
- Division of Pain Management, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Brooke Army Medical Center, San Antonio, TX, 78234, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA
| | - Karl A Lautenschlager
- Division of Pain Management, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Brooke Army Medical Center, San Antonio, TX, 78234, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA
| | - Tristan T Lai
- Division of Pain Management, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Brooke Army Medical Center, San Antonio, TX, 78234, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA
| | - Cameron M Shawver
- Division of Pain Management, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Brooke Army Medical Center, San Antonio, TX, 78234, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA
| | - Matthew B Hoch
- Division of Pain Management, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Brooke Army Medical Center, San Antonio, TX, 78234, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA
| | - Brandon J Goff
- Division of Pain Management, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Brooke Army Medical Center, San Antonio, TX, 78234, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA
| | - Aaron M Betts
- Division of Pain Management, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Brooke Army Medical Center, San Antonio, TX, 78234, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA
| | - Zhengwei Zhou
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
- Biomedical Research Imaging Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Cody Lynch
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
- Biomedical Research Imaging Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Grant Schroeder
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Maxim Bez
- Medical Corps, Israel Defense Forces, Tel HaShomer, Israel
| | - Marcel M Maya
- Department of Imaging, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Catherine Bresee
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Research Center, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Zulma Gazit
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
- Department of Orthopedics, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
- Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - John P McCallin
- Division of Pain Management, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Brooke Army Medical Center, San Antonio, TX, 78234, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA
| | - Dan Gazit
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
- Department of Orthopedics, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
- Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University, 91120, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Debiao Li
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
- Biomedical Research Imaging Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
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Hoppe E, Wetzl J, Yoon SS, Bacher M, Roser P, Stimpel B, Preuhs A, Maier A. Deep Learning-Based ECG-Free Cardiac Navigation for Multi-Dimensional and Motion-Resolved Continuous Magnetic Resonance Imaging. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MEDICAL IMAGING 2021; 40:2105-2117. [PMID: 33848244 DOI: 10.1109/tmi.2021.3073091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
For the clinical assessment of cardiac vitality, time-continuous tomographic imaging of the heart is used. To further detect e.g., pathological tissue, multiple imaging contrasts enable a thorough diagnosis using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). For this purpose, time-continous and multi-contrast imaging protocols were proposed. The acquired signals are binned using navigation approaches for a motion-resolved reconstruction. Mostly, external sensors such as electrocardiograms (ECG) are used for navigation, leading to additional workflow efforts. Recent sensor-free approaches are based on pipelines requiring prior knowledge, e.g., typical heart rates. We present a sensor-free, deep learning-based navigation that diminishes the need for manual feature engineering or the necessity of prior knowledge compared to previous works. A classifier is trained to estimate the R-wave timepoints in the scan directly from the imaging data. Our approach is evaluated on 3-D protocols for continuous cardiac MRI, acquired in-vivo and free-breathing with single or multiple imaging contrasts. We achieve an accuracy of > 98% on previously unseen subjects, and a well comparable image quality with the state-of-the-art ECG-based reconstruction. Our method enables an ECG-free workflow for continuous cardiac scans with simultaneous anatomic and functional imaging with multiple contrasts. It can be potentially integrated without adapting the sampling scheme to other continuous sequences by using the imaging data for navigation and reconstruction.
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Feng L, Liu F, Soultanidis G, Liu C, Benkert T, Block KT, Fayad ZA, Yang Y. Magnetization-prepared GRASP MRI for rapid 3D T1 mapping and fat/water-separated T1 mapping. Magn Reson Med 2021; 86:97-114. [PMID: 33580909 PMCID: PMC8197608 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.28679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to (i) develop Magnetization-Prepared Golden-angle RAdial Sparse Parallel (MP-GRASP) MRI using a stack-of-stars trajectory for rapid free-breathing T1 mapping and (ii) extend MP-GRASP to multi-echo acquisition (MP-Dixon-GRASP) for fat/water-separated (water-specific) T1 mapping. METHODS An adiabatic non-selective 180° inversion-recovery pulse was added to a gradient-echo-based golden-angle stack-of-stars sequence for magnetization-prepared 3D single-echo or 3D multi-echo acquisition. In combination with subspace-based GRASP-Pro reconstruction, the sequence allows for standard T1 mapping (MP-GRASP) or fat/water-separated T1 mapping (MP-Dixon-GRASP), respectively. The accuracy of T1 mapping using MP-GRASP was evaluated in a phantom and volunteers (brain and liver) against clinically accepted reference methods. The repeatability of T1 estimation was also assessed in the phantom and volunteers. The performance of MP-Dixon-GRASP for water-specific T1 mapping was evaluated in a fat/water phantom and volunteers (brain and liver). RESULTS ROI-based mean T1 values are correlated between the references and MP-GRASP in the phantom (R2 = 1.0), brain (R2 = 0.96), and liver (R2 = 0.73). MP-GRASP achieved good repeatability of T1 estimation in the phantom (R2 = 1.0), brain (R2 = 0.99), and liver (R2 = 0.82). Water-specific T1 is different from in-phase and out-of-phase composite T1 (composite T1 when fat and water signal are mixed in phase or out of phase) both in the phantom and volunteers. CONCLUSION This work demonstrated the initial performance of MP-GRASP and MP-Dixon-GRASP MRI for rapid 3D T1 mapping and 3D fat/water-separated T1 mapping in the brain (without motion) and in the liver (during free breathing). With fat/water-separated T1 estimation, MP-Dixon-GRASP could be potentially useful for imaging patients with fatty-liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Feng
- Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Institute and Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Georgios Soultanidis
- Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Institute and Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Chenyu Liu
- Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Institute and Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Thomas Benkert
- MR Application Development, Siemens Healthcare GmbH, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Kai Tobias Block
- MR Application Development, Siemens Healthcare GmbH, Erlangen, Germany
- Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research (CAIR), New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Zahi A. Fayad
- Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Institute and Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yang Yang
- Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Institute and Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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Zhou R, Weller DS, Yang Y, Wang J, Jeelani H, Mugler JP, Salerno M. Dual-excitation flip-angle simultaneous cine and T 1 mapping using spiral acquisition with respiratory and cardiac self-gating. Magn Reson Med 2021; 86:82-96. [PMID: 33590591 PMCID: PMC8849625 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.28675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop a free-breathing cardiac self-gated technique that provides cine images and B1+ slice profile-corrected T1 maps from a single acquisition. METHODS Without breath-holding or electrocardiogram gating, data were acquired continuously on a 3T scanner using a golden-angle gradient-echo spiral pulse sequence, with an inversion RF pulse applied every 4 seconds. Flip angles of 3° and 15° were used for readouts after the first four and second four inversions. Self-gating cardiac triggers were extracted from heart image navigators, and respiratory motion was corrected by rigid registration on each heartbeat. Cine images were reconstructed from the steady-state portion of 15° readouts using a low-rank plus sparse reconstruction. The T1 maps were fit using a projection onto convex sets approach from images reconstructed using slice profile-corrected dictionary learning. This strategy was evaluated in a phantom and 14 human subjects. RESULTS The self-gated signal demonstrated close agreement with the acquired electrocardiogram signal. The image quality for the proposed cine images and standard clinical balanced SSFP images were 4.31 (±0.50) and 4.65 (±0.30), respectively. The slice profile-corrected T1 values were similar to those of the inversion-recovery spin-echo technique in phantom, and had a higher global T1 value than that of MOLLI in human subjects. CONCLUSIONS Cine and T1 mapping using spiral acquisition with respiratory and cardiac self-gating successfully acquired T1 maps and cine images in a single acquisition without the need for electrocardiogram gating or breath-holding. This dual-excitation flip-angle approach provides a novel approach for measuring T1 while accounting for B1+ and slice profile effect on the apparent T1∗ .
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixi Zhou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Daniel S. Weller
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Yang Yang
- Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Institute and Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Junyu Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Haris Jeelani
- Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Institute and Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - John P. Mugler
- Radiology & Medical Imaging, Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Michael Salerno
- Cardiology, Radiology & Medical Imaging, Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA, United States
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Han P, Zhang R, Wagner S, Xie Y, Cingolani E, Marban E, Christodoulou AG, Li D. Electrocardiogram-less, free-breathing myocardial extracellular volume fraction mapping in small animals at high heart rates using motion-resolved cardiovascular magnetic reesonance multitasking: a feasibility study in a heart failure with preserved ejection fraction rat model. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2021; 23:8. [PMID: 33568177 PMCID: PMC7877086 DOI: 10.1186/s12968-020-00699-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extracellular volume fraction (ECV) quantification with cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) T1 mapping is a powerful tool for the characterization of focal or diffuse myocardial fibrosis. However, it is technically challenging to acquire high-quality T1 and ECV maps in small animals for preclinical research because of high heart rates and high respiration rates. In this work, we developed an electrocardiogram (ECG)-less, free-breathing ECV mapping method using motion-resolved CMR Multitasking on a 9.4 T small animal CMR system. The feasibility of characterizing diffuse myocardial fibrosis was tested in a rat heart failure model with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). METHODS High-salt fed rats diagnosed with HFpEF (n = 9) and control rats (n = 9) were imaged with the proposed ECV Multitasking technique. A 25-min exam, including two 4-min T1 Multitasking scans before and after gadolinium injection, were performed on each rat. It allows a cardiac temporal resolution of 20 ms for a heart rate of ~ 300 bpm. Myocardial ECV was calculated from the hematocrit (HCT) and fitted T1 values of the myocardium and the blood pool. Masson's trichrome stain was used to measure the extent of fibrosis. Welch's t-test was performed between control and HFpEF groups. RESULTS ECV was significantly higher in the HFpEF group (22.4% ± 2.5% vs. 18.0% ± 2.1%, P = 0.0010). A moderate correlation between the ECV and the extent of fibrosis was found (R = 0.59, P = 0.0098). CONCLUSIONS Motion-resolved ECV Multitasking CMR can quantify ECV in the rat myocardium at high heart rates without ECG triggering or respiratory gating. Elevated ECV found in the HFpEF group is consistent with previous human studies and well correlated with histological data. This technique has the potential to be a viable imaging tool for myocardial tissue characterization in small animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Han
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Rui Zhang
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA USA
- Department of Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shawn Wagner
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Yibin Xie
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Eugenio Cingolani
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Eduardo Marban
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Anthony G. Christodoulou
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Debiao Li
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA USA
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Wang N, Xie Y, Fan Z, Ma S, Saouaf R, Guo Y, Shiao SL, Christodoulou AG, Li D. Five-dimensional quantitative low-dose Multitasking dynamic contrast- enhanced MRI: Preliminary study on breast cancer. Magn Reson Med 2021; 85:3096-3111. [PMID: 33427334 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.28633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop a low-dose Multitasking DCE technique (LD-MT-DCE) for breast imaging, enabling dynamic T1 mapping-based quantitative characterization of tumor blood flow and vascular properties with whole-breast coverage, a spatial resolution of 0.9 × 0.9 × 1.1 mm3 , and a temporal resolution of 1.4 seconds using a 20% gadolinium dose (0.02 mmol/kg). METHODS Magnetic resonance Multitasking was used to reconstruct 5D images with three spatial dimensions, one T1 recovery dimension for dynamic T1 quantification, and one DCE dimension for contrast kinetics. Kinetic parameters F p , v p , K trans , and v e were estimated from dynamic T1 maps using the two-compartment exchange model. The LD-MT-DCE repeatability and agreement against standard-dose MT-DCE were evaluated in 20 healthy subjects. In 7 patients with triple-negative breast cancer, LD-MT-DCE image quality and diagnostic results were compared with that of standard-dose clinical DCE in the same imaging session. One-way unbalanced analysis of variance with Tukey test was performed to evaluate the statistical significance of the kinetic parameters between control and patient groups. RESULTS The LD-MT-DCE technique was repeatable, agreed with standard-dose MT-DCE, and showed excellent image quality. The diagnosis using LD-MT-DCE matched well with clinical results. The values of F p , v p , and K trans were significantly different between malignant tumors and normal breast tissue (P < .001, < .001, and < .001, respectively), and between malignant and benign tumors (P = .020, .003, and < .001, respectively). CONCLUSION The LD-MT-DCE technique was repeatable and showed excellent image quality and equivalent diagnosis compared with standard-dose clinical DCE. The estimated kinetic parameters were capable of differentiating between normal breast tissue and benign and malignant tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Wang
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Yibin Xie
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Zhaoyang Fan
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Sen Ma
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Rola Saouaf
- Department of Imaging, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Yu Guo
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Department of Radiology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Stephen L Shiao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Biomedical Sciences, Division of Immunology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Anthony G Christodoulou
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Debiao Li
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
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Ma S, Wang N, Fan Z, Kaisey M, Sicotte NL, Christodoulou AG, Li D. Three-dimensional whole-brain simultaneous T1, T2, and T1ρ quantification using MR Multitasking: Method and initial clinical experience in tissue characterization of multiple sclerosis. Magn Reson Med 2020; 85:1938-1952. [PMID: 33107126 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.28553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop a 3D whole-brain simultaneous T1/T2/T1ρ quantification method with MR Multitasking that provides high quality, co-registered multiparametric maps in 9 min. METHODS MR Multitasking conceptualizes T1/T2/T1ρ relaxations as different time dimensions, simultaneously resolving all three dimensions with a low-rank tensor image model. The proposed method was validated on a phantom and in healthy volunteers, comparing quantitative measurements against corresponding reference methods and evaluating the scan-rescan repeatability. Initial clinical validation was performed in age-matched relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) patients to examine the feasibility of quantitative tissue characterization and to compare with the healthy control cohort. The feasibility of synthesizing six contrast-weighted images was also examined. RESULTS Our framework produced high quality, co-registered T1/T2/T1ρ maps that closely resemble the reference maps. Multitasking T1/T2/T1ρ measurements showed substantial agreement with reference measurements on the phantom and in healthy controls. Bland-Altman analysis indicated good in vivo repeatability of all three parameters. In RRMS patients, lesions were conspicuously delineated on all three maps and on four synthetic weighted images (T2-weighted, T2-FLAIR, double inversion recovery, and a novel "T1ρ-FLAIR" contrast). T1 and T2 showed significant differences for normal appearing white matter between patients and controls, while T1ρ showed significant differences for normal appearing white matter, cortical gray matter, and deep gray matter. The combination of three parameters significantly improved the differentiation between RRMS patients and healthy controls, compared to using any single parameter alone. CONCLUSION MR Multitasking simultaneously quantifies whole-brain T1/T2/T1ρ and is clinically promising for quantitative tissue characterization of neurological diseases, such as MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen Ma
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Nan Wang
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Zhaoyang Fan
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Marwa Kaisey
- Department of Neurology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Nancy L Sicotte
- Department of Neurology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Anthony G Christodoulou
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Debiao Li
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
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Bush MA, Pan Y, Jin N, Liu Y, Varghese J, Ahmad R, Simonetti OP. Prospective correction of patient-specific respiratory motion in myocardial T 1 and T 2 mapping. Magn Reson Med 2020; 85:855-867. [PMID: 32851676 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.28475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Respiratory motion in cardiovascular MRI presents a challenging problem with many potential solutions. Current approaches require breath-holds, apply retrospective image registration, or significantly increase scan time by respiratory gating. Myocardial T1 and T2 mapping techniques are particularly sensitive to motion as they require multiple source images to be accurately aligned prior to the estimation of tissue relaxation. We propose a patient-specific prospective motion correction (PROCO) strategy that corrects respiratory motion on the fly with the goal of reducing the spatial variation of myocardial parametric mapping techniques. METHODS A rapid, patient-specific training scan was performed to characterize respiration-induced motion of the heart relative to a diaphragmatic navigator, and a parametric mapping pulse sequence utilized the resulting motion model to prospectively update the scan plane in real-time. Midventricular short-axis T1 and T2 maps were acquired under breath-hold or free-breathing conditions with and without PROCO in 7 healthy volunteers and 3 patients. T1 and T2 were measured in 6 segments and compared to reference standard breath-hold measurements using Bland-Altman analysis. RESULTS PROCO significantly reduced the spatial variation of parametric maps acquired during free-breathing, producing limits of agreement of -47.16 to 30.98 ms (T1 ) and -1.35 to 4.02 ms (T2 ), compared to -67.77 to 74.34 ms (T1 ) and -2.21 to 5.62 ms (T2 ) for free-breathing acquisition without PROCO. CONCLUSION Patient-specific respiratory PROCO method significantly reduced the spatial variation of myocardial T1 and T2 mapping, while allowing for 100% efficient free-breathing acquisitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Bush
- Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Yue Pan
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Ning Jin
- Cardiovascular MR R&D, Siemens Medical Solutions USA Inc, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Yingmin Liu
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Juliet Varghese
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Rizwan Ahmad
- Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.,Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.,Electrical and Computer Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Orlando P Simonetti
- Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.,Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.,Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.,Radiology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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Hamilton JI, Jiang Y, Eck B, Griswold M, Seiberlich N. Cardiac cine magnetic resonance fingerprinting for combined ejection fraction, T 1 and T 2 quantification. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2020; 33:e4323. [PMID: 32500541 PMCID: PMC7772953 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
This study introduces a technique called cine magnetic resonance fingerprinting (cine-MRF) for simultaneous T1 , T2 and ejection fraction (EF) quantification. Data acquired with a free-running MRF sequence are retrospectively sorted into different cardiac phases using an external electrocardiogram (ECG) signal. A low-rank reconstruction with a finite difference sparsity constraint along the cardiac motion dimension yields images resolved by cardiac phase. To improve SNR and precision in the parameter maps, these images are nonrigidly registered to the same phase and matched to a dictionary to generate T1 and T2 maps. Cine images for computing left ventricular volumes and EF are also derived from the same data. Cine-MRF was tested in simulations using a numerical relaxation phantom. Phantom and in vivo scans of 19 subjects were performed at 3 T during a 10.9 seconds breath-hold with an in-plane resolution of 1.6 x 1.6 mm2 and 24 cardiac phases. Left ventricular EF values obtained with cine-MRF agreed with the conventional cine images (mean bias -1.0%). Average myocardial T1 times in diastole/systole were 1398/1391 ms with cine-MRF, 1394/1378 ms with ECG-triggered cardiac MRF (cMRF) and 1234/1212 ms with MOLLI; and T2 values were 30.7/30.3 ms with cine-MRF, 32.6/32.9 ms with ECG-triggered cMRF and 37.6/41.0 ms with T2 -prepared FLASH. Cine-MRF and ECG-triggered cMRF relaxation times were in good agreement. Cine-MRF T1 values were significantly longer than MOLLI, and cine-MRF T2 values were significantly shorter than T2 -prepared FLASH. In summary, cine-MRF can potentially streamline cardiac MRI exams by combining left ventricle functional assessment and T1 -T2 mapping into one time-efficient acquisition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse I. Hamilton
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Corresponding author at 1137 Catherine Street, Room 1590B, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, JI Hamilton –
| | - Yun Jiang
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Brendan Eck
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Mark Griswold
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Nicole Seiberlich
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
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Dong Z, Wang F, Reese TG, Bilgic B, Setsompop K. Echo planar time-resolved imaging with subspace reconstruction and optimized spatiotemporal encoding. Magn Reson Med 2020; 84:2442-2455. [PMID: 32333478 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.28295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2019] [Revised: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop new encoding and reconstruction techniques for fast multi-contrast/quantitative imaging. METHODS The recently proposed Echo Planar Time-resolved Imaging (EPTI) technique can achieve fast distortion- and blurring-free multi-contrast/quantitative imaging. In this work, a subspace reconstruction framework is developed to improve the reconstruction accuracy of EPTI at high encoding accelerations. The number of unknowns in the reconstruction is significantly reduced by modeling the temporal signal evolutions using low-rank subspace. As part of the proposed reconstruction approach, a B0 -update algorithm and a shot-to-shot B0 variation correction method are developed to enable the reconstruction of high-resolution tissue phase images and to mitigate artifacts from shot-to-shot phase variations. Moreover, the EPTI concept is extended to 3D k-space for 3D GE-EPTI, where a new "temporal-variant" of CAIPI encoding is proposed to further improve performance. RESULTS The effectiveness of the proposed subspace reconstruction was demonstrated first in 2D GESE EPTI, where the reconstruction achieved higher accuracy when compared to conventional B0 -informed GRAPPA. For 3D GE-EPTI, a retrospective undersampling experiment demonstrates that the new temporal-variant CAIPI encoding can achieve up to 72× acceleration with close to 2× reduction in reconstruction error when compared to conventional spatiotemporal-CAIPI encoding. In a prospective undersampling experiment, high-quality whole-brain T 2 ∗ and tissue phase maps at 1 mm isotropic resolution were acquired in 52 seconds at 3T using 3D GE-EPTI with temporal-variant CAIPI encoding. CONCLUSION The proposed subspace reconstruction and optimized temporal-variant CAIPI encoding can further improve the performance of EPTI for fast quantitative mapping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijing Dong
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Fuyixue Wang
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA.,Harvard-MIT Health Sciences and Technology, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Timothy G Reese
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Berkin Bilgic
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kawin Setsompop
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA.,Harvard-MIT Health Sciences and Technology, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Hu Z, Christodoulou AG, Wang N, Shaw JL, Song SS, Maya MM, Ishimori ML, Forbess LJ, Xiao J, Bi X, Han F, Li D, Fan Z. Magnetic resonance multitasking for multidimensional assessment of cardiovascular system: Development and feasibility study on the thoracic aorta. Magn Reson Med 2020; 84:2376-2388. [PMID: 32301164 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.28275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop an MR multitasking-based multidimensional assessment of cardiovascular system (MT-MACS) with electrocardiography-free and navigator-free data acquisition for a comprehensive evaluation of thoracic aortic diseases. METHODS The MT-MACS technique adopts a low-rank tensor image model with a cardiac time dimension for phase-resolved cine imaging and a T2 -prepared inversion-recovery dimension for multicontrast assessment. Twelve healthy subjects and 2 patients with thoracic aortic diseases were recruited for the study at 3 T, and both qualitative (image quality score) and quantitative (contrast-to-noise ratio between lumen and wall, lumen and wall area, and aortic strain index) analyses were performed in all healthy subjects. The overall image quality was scored based on a 4-point scale: 3, excellent; 2, good; 1, fair; and 0, poor. Statistical analysis was used to test the measurement agreement between MT-MACS and its corresponding 2D references. RESULTS The MT-MACS images reconstructed from acquisitions as short as 6 minutes demonstrated good or excellent image quality for bright-blood (2.58 ± 0.46), dark-blood (2.58 ± 0.50), and gray-blood (2.17 ± 0.53) contrast weightings, respectively. The contrast-to-noise ratios for the three weightings were 49.2 ± 12.8, 20.0 ± 5.8 and 2.8 ± 1.8, respectively. There were good agreements in the lumen and wall area (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.993, P < .001 for lumen; intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.969, P < .001 for wall area) and strain (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.947, P < .001) between MT-MACS and conventional 2D sequences. CONCLUSION The MT-MACS technique provides high-quality, multidimensional images for a comprehensive assessment of the thoracic aorta. Technical feasibility was demonstrated in healthy subjects and patients with thoracic aortic diseases. Further clinical validation is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhehao Hu
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California.,Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Anthony G Christodoulou
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California.,Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Nan Wang
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California.,Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Jaime L Shaw
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Shlee S Song
- Department of Neurology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Marcel M Maya
- Department of Imaging, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Mariko L Ishimori
- Department of Rheumatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Lindsy J Forbess
- Department of Rheumatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Jiayu Xiao
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | | | - Fei Han
- Siemens Healthcare, Los Angeles, California
| | - Debiao Li
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California.,Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California.,Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Zhaoyang Fan
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California.,Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California.,Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California
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Bustin A, Fuin N, Botnar RM, Prieto C. From Compressed-Sensing to Artificial Intelligence-Based Cardiac MRI Reconstruction. Front Cardiovasc Med 2020; 7:17. [PMID: 32158767 PMCID: PMC7051921 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2020.00017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging is an important tool for the non-invasive assessment of cardiovascular disease. However, CMR suffers from long acquisition times due to the need of obtaining images with high temporal and spatial resolution, different contrasts, and/or whole-heart coverage. In addition, both cardiac and respiratory-induced motion of the heart during the acquisition need to be accounted for, further increasing the scan time. Several undersampling reconstruction techniques have been proposed during the last decades to speed up CMR acquisition. These techniques rely on acquiring less data than needed and estimating the non-acquired data exploiting some sort of prior information. Parallel imaging and compressed sensing undersampling reconstruction techniques have revolutionized the field, enabling 2- to 3-fold scan time accelerations to become standard in clinical practice. Recent scientific advances in CMR reconstruction hinge on the thriving field of artificial intelligence. Machine learning reconstruction approaches have been recently proposed to learn the non-linear optimization process employed in CMR reconstruction. Unlike analytical methods for which the reconstruction problem is explicitly defined into the optimization process, machine learning techniques make use of large data sets to learn the key reconstruction parameters and priors. In particular, deep learning techniques promise to use deep neural networks (DNN) to learn the reconstruction process from existing datasets in advance, providing a fast and efficient reconstruction that can be applied to all newly acquired data. However, before machine learning and DNN can realize their full potentials and enter widespread clinical routine for CMR image reconstruction, there are several technical hurdles that need to be addressed. In this article, we provide an overview of the recent developments in the area of artificial intelligence for CMR image reconstruction. The underlying assumptions of established techniques such as compressed sensing and low-rank reconstruction are briefly summarized, while a greater focus is given to recent advances in dictionary learning and deep learning based CMR reconstruction. In particular, approaches that exploit neural networks as implicit or explicit priors are discussed for 2D dynamic cardiac imaging and 3D whole-heart CMR imaging. Current limitations, challenges, and potential future directions of these techniques are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélien Bustin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Niccolo Fuin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - René M. Botnar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Escuela de Ingeniería, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Claudia Prieto
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Escuela de Ingeniería, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Han PK, Horng DE, Marin T, Petibon Y, Ouyang J, El Fakhri G, Ma C. Free-Breathing Three-Dimensional T 1 Mapping of the Heart Using Subspace-Based Data Acquisition and Image Reconstruction. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2020; 2019:4008-4011. [PMID: 31946750 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2019.8856511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Mapping the longitudinal relaxation time constant (T1) of the myocardium using Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is an emerging technique for quantitative assessment of the morphology and viability of the myocardium. However, three-dimensional (3D) T1 mapping of the heart is challenging due to the high dimensionality of the signal and the presence of cardiac and respiratory motions. We propose a subspace-based method for free-breathing 3D T1 mapping of the heart without respiratory gating. The image function is represented as a high-order partially separable (PS) function to explore the inherent spatiotemporal correlations of the underlying signal. A special data acquisition scheme enabled by the high-order PS model is used for sparse sampling of the (k,t)-space, where complementary sparse datasets are acquired, each covering only a small portion of the (k,t)-space to characterize a single subspace (spatial or temporal). High-resolution dynamic MR images are reconstructed from the highly undersampled (k,t)-space using low-rank tensor and sparsity constraints. We demonstrate the feasibility of our proposed method using in vivo data obtained from healthy subjects on a 3T MR scanner. The proposed method can enable new clinical applications of T1 mapping in cardiac MR.
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Ma S, Nguyen CT, Han F, Wang N, Deng Z, Binesh N, Moser FG, Christodoulou AG, Li D. Three-dimensional simultaneous brain T 1 , T 2 , and ADC mapping with MR Multitasking. Magn Reson Med 2019; 84:72-88. [PMID: 31765496 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.28092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop a simultaneous T1 , T2 , and ADC mapping method that provides co-registered, distortion-free images and enables multiparametric quantification of 3D brain coverage in a clinically feasible scan time with the MR Multitasking framework. METHODS The T1 /T2 /diffusion weighting was generated by a series of T2 preparations and diffusion preparations. The underlying multidimensional image containing 3 spatial dimensions, 1 T1 weighting dimension, 1 T2 -preparation duration dimension, 1 b-value dimension, and 1 diffusion direction dimension was modeled as a 5-way low-rank tensor. A separate real-time low-rank model incorporating time-resolved phase correction was also used to compensate for both inter-shot and intra-shot phase inconsistency induced by physiological motion. The proposed method was validated on both phantom and 16 healthy subjects. The quantification of T1 /T2 /ADC was evaluated for each case. Three post-surgery brain tumor patients were scanned for demonstration of clinical feasibility. RESULTS Multitasking T1 /T2 /ADC maps were perfectly co-registered and free from image distortion. Phantom studies showed substantial quantitative agreement ( R 2 = 0.999 ) with reference protocols for T1 /T2 /ADC. In vivo studies showed nonsignificant T1 (P = .248), T2 (P = .97), ADC (P = .328) differences among the frontal, parietal, and occipital regions. Although Multitasking showed significant differences of T1 (P = .03), T2 (P < .001), and ADC (P = .001) biases against the references, the mean bias estimates were small (ΔT1 % < 5%, ΔT2 % < 7%, ΔADC% < 5%), with all intraclass correlation coefficients greater than 0.82 indicating "excellent" agreement. Patient studies showed that Multitasking T1 /T2 /ADC maps were consistent with the clinical qualitative images. CONCLUSION The Multitasking approach simultaneously quantifies T1 /T2 /ADC with substantial agreement with the references and is promising for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen Ma
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.,Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Christopher T Nguyen
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts
| | - Fei Han
- Siemens Healthcare, Los Angeles, California
| | - Nan Wang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.,Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Zixin Deng
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Nader Binesh
- S. Mark Taper Foundation Imaging Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Franklin G Moser
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | | | - Debiao Li
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.,Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
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Robinson AA, Chow K, Salerno M. Myocardial T1 and ECV Measurement: Underlying Concepts and Technical Considerations. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 2019; 12:2332-2344. [PMID: 31542529 PMCID: PMC7008718 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmg.2019.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial native T1 and extracellular volume fraction (ECV) mapping have emerged as cardiac magnetic resonance biomarkers providing unique insight into cardiac pathophysiology. Single breath-hold acquisition techniques, available on clinical scanners across multiple vendor platforms, have made clinical T1 and ECV mapping a reality. Although the relationship between changes in native T1 and alterations in cardiac microstructure is complex, an understanding of how edema, blood volume, myocyte and interstitial expansion, lipids, and paramagnetic substances affect T1 and ECV can provide insight into how and why these parameters change in various cardiac pathologies. The goals of this state-of-the-art review will be to review factors influencing native T1 and ECV, to describe how native T1 and ECV are measured, to discuss potential challenges and pitfalls in clinical practice, and to describe new T1 mapping techniques on the horizon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austin A Robinson
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Kelvin Chow
- Siemens Medical Solutions USA, Inc., Chicago, Illinois
| | - Michael Salerno
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia; Radiology and Medical Imaging, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia.
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Qi H, Bustin A, Cruz G, Jaubert O, Chen H, Botnar RM, Prieto C. Free-running simultaneous myocardial T1/T2 mapping and cine imaging with 3D whole-heart coverage and isotropic spatial resolution. Magn Reson Imaging 2019; 63:159-169. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2019.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 08/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Chen Y, Shaw JL, Xie Y, Li D, Christodoulou AG. Deep learning within a priori temporal feature spaces for large-scale dynamic MR image reconstruction: Application to 5-D cardiac MR Multitasking. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 11765:495-504. [PMID: 31723946 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-32245-8_55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
High spatiotemporal resolution dynamic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a powerful clinical tool for imaging moving structures as well as to reveal and quantify other physical and physiological dynamics. The low speed of MRI necessitates acceleration methods such as deep learning reconstruction from under-sampled data. However, the massive size of many dynamic MRI problems prevents deep learning networks from directly exploiting global temporal relationships. In this work, we show that by applying deep neural networks inside a priori calculated temporal feature spaces, we enable deep learning reconstruction with global temporal modeling even for image sequences with >40,000 frames. One proposed variation of our approach using dilated multi-level Densely Connected Network (mDCN) speeds up feature space coordinate calculation by 3000x compared to conventional iterative methods, from 20 minutes to 0.39 seconds. Thus, the combination of low-rank tensor and deep learning models not only makes large-scale dynamic MRI feasible but also practical for routine clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhua Chen
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.,Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, CA 90048, USA
| | - Jaime L Shaw
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, CA 90048, USA
| | - Yibin Xie
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, CA 90048, USA
| | - Debiao Li
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.,Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, CA 90048, USA
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Qi H, Jaubert O, Bustin A, Cruz G, Chen H, Botnar R, Prieto C. Free-running 3D whole heart myocardial T 1 mapping with isotropic spatial resolution. Magn Reson Med 2019; 82:1331-1342. [PMID: 31099442 PMCID: PMC6851769 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.27811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop a free-running (free-breathing, retrospective cardiac gating) 3D myocardial T1 mapping with isotropic spatial resolution. METHODS The free-running sequence is inversion recovery (IR)-prepared followed by continuous 3D golden angle radial data acquisition. 1D respiratory motion signal is extracted from the k-space center of all spokes and used to bin the k-space data into different respiratory states, enabling estimation and correction of 3D translational respiratory motion, whereas cardiac motion is recorded using electrocardiography and synchronized with data acquisition. 3D translational respiratory motion compensated T1 maps at diastole and systole were generated with 1.5 mm isotropic spatial resolution with low-rank inversion and high-dimensionality patch-based undersampled reconstruction. The technique was validated against conventional methods in phantom and 9 healthy subjects. RESULTS Phantom results demonstrated good agreement (R2 = 0.99) of T1 estimation with reference method. Homogeneous systolic and diastolic 3D T1 maps were reconstructed from the proposed technique. Diastolic septal T1 estimated with the proposed method (1140 ± 36 ms) was comparable to the saturation recovery single-shot acquisition (SASHA) sequence (1153 ± 49 ms), but was higher than the modified Look-Locker inversion recovery (MOLLI) sequence (1037 ± 33 ms). Precision of the proposed method (42 ± 8 ms) was comparable to MOLLI (41 ± 7 ms) and improved with respect to SASHA (87 ± 19 ms). CONCLUSIONS The proposed free-running whole heart T1 mapping method allows for reconstruction of isotropic resolution 3D T1 maps at different cardiac phases, serving as a promising tool for whole heart myocardial tissue characterization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haikun Qi
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging SciencesKing's College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Olivier Jaubert
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging SciencesKing's College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Aurelien Bustin
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging SciencesKing's College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Gastao Cruz
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging SciencesKing's College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Huijun Chen
- Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, Department of Biomedical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina
| | - René Botnar
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging SciencesKing's College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
- Escuela de IngenieríaPontificia Universidad Católica de ChileSantiagoChile
| | - Claudia Prieto
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging SciencesKing's College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
- Escuela de IngenieríaPontificia Universidad Católica de ChileSantiagoChile
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Yaman B, Weingärtner S, Kargas N, Sidiropoulos ND, Akçakaya M. Low-Rank Tensor Models for Improved Multi-Dimensional MRI: Application to Dynamic Cardiac T 1 Mapping. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMPUTATIONAL IMAGING 2019; 6:194-207. [PMID: 32206691 PMCID: PMC7087548 DOI: 10.1109/tci.2019.2940916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Multi-dimensional, multi-contrast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become increasingly available for comprehensive and time-efficient evaluation of various pathologies, providing large amounts of data and offering new opportunities for improved image reconstructions. Recently, a cardiac phase-resolved myocardial T 1 mapping method has been introduced to provide dynamic information on tissue viability. Improved spatio-temporal resolution in clinically acceptable scan times is highly desirable but requires high acceleration factors. Tensors are well-suited to describe inter-dimensional hidden structures in such multi-dimensional datasets. In this study, we sought to utilize and compare different tensor decomposition methods, without the use of auxiliary navigator data. We explored multiple processing approaches in order to enable high-resolution cardiac phase-resolved myocardial T 1 mapping. Eight different low-rank tensor approximation and processing approaches were evaluated using quantitative analysis of accuracy and precision in T 1 maps acquired in six healthy volunteers. All methods provided comparable T 1 values. However, the precision was significantly improved using local processing, as well as a direct tensor rank approximation. Low-rank tensor approximation approaches are well-suited to enable dynamic T 1 mapping at high spatio-temporal resolutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burhaneddin Yaman
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, and Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455
| | - Sebastian Weingärtner
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, and Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455
| | - Nikolaos Kargas
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455
| | - Nicholas D Sidiropoulos
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22904
| | - Mehmet Akçakaya
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, and Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455
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Aherne E, Chow K, Carr J. Cardiac T 1 mapping: Techniques and applications. J Magn Reson Imaging 2019; 51:1336-1356. [PMID: 31334899 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.26866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Revised: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A key advantage of cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging over other cardiac imaging modalities is the ability to perform detailed tissue characterization. CMR techniques continue to evolve, with advanced imaging sequences being developed to provide a reproducible, quantitative method of tissue interrogation. The T1 mapping technique, a pixel-by-pixel method of quantifying T1 relaxation time of soft tissues, has been shown to be promising for characterization of diseased myocardium in a wide variety of cardiomyopathies. In this review, we describe the basic principles and common techniques for T1 mapping and its use for native T1 , postcontrast T1 , and extracellular volume mapping. We will review a wide range of clinical applications of the technique that can be used for identification and quantification of myocardial edema, fibrosis, and infiltrative diseases with illustrative clinical examples. In addition, we will explore the current limitations of the technique and describe some areas of ongoing development. Level of Evidence: 5 Technical Efficacy: Stage 2 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2020;51:1336-1356.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Aherne
- Department of Radiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Kelvin Chow
- Department of Radiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA.,Cardiovascular MR R&D, Siemens Medical Solutions USA, Inc., Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - James Carr
- Department of Radiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Bustin A, Lima da Cruz G, Jaubert O, Lopez K, Botnar RM, Prieto C. High-dimensionality undersampled patch-based reconstruction (HD-PROST) for accelerated multi-contrast MRI. Magn Reson Med 2019; 81:3705-3719. [PMID: 30834594 PMCID: PMC6646908 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.27694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop a new high-dimensionality undersampled patch-based reconstruction (HD-PROST) for highly accelerated 2D and 3D multi-contrast MRI. METHODS HD-PROST jointly reconstructs multi-contrast MR images by exploiting the highly redundant information, on a local and non-local scale, and the strong correlation shared between the multiple contrast images. This is achieved by enforcing multi-dimensional low-rank in the undersampled images. 2D magnetic resonance fingerprinting (MRF) phantom and in vivo brain acquisitions were performed to evaluate the performance of HD-PROST for highly accelerated simultaneous T1 and T2 mapping. Additional in vivo experiments for reconstructing multiple undersampled 3D magnetization transfer (MT)-weighted images were conducted to illustrate the impact of HD-PROST for high-resolution multi-contrast 3D imaging. RESULTS In the 2D MRF phantom study, HD-PROST provided accurate and precise estimation of the T1 and T2 values in comparison to gold standard spin echo acquisitions. HD-PROST achieved good quality maps for the in vivo 2D MRF experiments in comparison to conventional low-rank inversion reconstruction. T1 and T2 values of white matter and gray matter were in good agreement with those reported in the literature for MRF acquisitions with reduced number of time point images (500 time point images, ~2.5 s scan time). For in vivo MT-weighted 3D acquisitions (6 different contrasts), HD-PROST achieved similar image quality than the fully sampled reference image for an undersampling factor of 6.5-fold. CONCLUSION HD-PROST enables multi-contrast 2D and 3D MR images in a short acquisition time without compromising image quality. Ultimately, this technique may increase the potential of conventional parameter mapping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélien Bustin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Imaging Sciences & Biomedical EngineeringKing’s College London, King’s Health PartnersLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Gastão Lima da Cruz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Imaging Sciences & Biomedical EngineeringKing’s College London, King’s Health PartnersLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Olivier Jaubert
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Imaging Sciences & Biomedical EngineeringKing’s College London, King’s Health PartnersLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Karina Lopez
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Imaging Sciences & Biomedical EngineeringKing’s College London, King’s Health PartnersLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - René M. Botnar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Imaging Sciences & Biomedical EngineeringKing’s College London, King’s Health PartnersLondonUnited Kingdom
- Escuela de IngenieríaPontificia Universidad Católica de ChileSantiagoChile
| | - Claudia Prieto
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Imaging Sciences & Biomedical EngineeringKing’s College London, King’s Health PartnersLondonUnited Kingdom
- Escuela de IngenieríaPontificia Universidad Católica de ChileSantiagoChile
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