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Hulme A, Sangelaji B, Walker C, Fallon T, Denham J, Martin P, Woodruffe S, Bell K, Aniftos M, Kirkpatrick J, Cotter N, Osborn D, Argus G. Efficacy of a student-led interprofessional health clinic in regional Australia for preventing and managing chronic disease. J Interprof Care 2024:1-14. [PMID: 39045867 DOI: 10.1080/13561820.2024.2380436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
Increasing chronic disease rates in regional Australian communities necessitates innovative models of healthcare. We evaluated the efficacy of an interprofessional chronic disease program, delivered within a regional student-led nursing and allied health clinic in Southern Queensland, Australia. Changes to anthropometric, aerobic fitness and strength, and quality of life outcomes were examined at four time points spanning 16 months: intake, program transition (4 months), 6 and 12 months (post-transition). Our primary aim was to investigate whether the health improvements achieved during the program were sustained at 12 months in a subset of participants who provided complete data. Significant improvements were found in 6 of 11 measures, including the 6-minute walk test, grip strength, and self-reported quality of life across physical and psychosocial dimensions, with these improvements maintained to final review. No significant changes were found in body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, fat mass, or muscle mass. This is the first health clinic in regional Australia to deliver a student-led model of interprofessional and collaborative service to tackle the increasing burden of chronic disease in the community. The cost-effectiveness of this service and other potential clinical and social benefits remain to be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Hulme
- Southern Queensland Rural Health (SQRH), Faculty of Health and Behavioural Science, The University of Queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Bahram Sangelaji
- Southern Queensland Rural Health (SQRH), Faculty of Health and Behavioural Science, The University of Queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia
- Centre for Health Research, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Clara Walker
- Southern Queensland Rural Health (SQRH), Faculty of Health and Behavioural Science, The University of Queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia
- Centre for Health Research, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Tony Fallon
- Southern Queensland Rural Health (SQRH), Faculty of Health and Behavioural Science, The University of Queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia
- Centre for Health Research, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Joshua Denham
- Centre for Health Research, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia
- School of Health and Medical Sciences Ipswich Campus, University of Southern Queensland, Ipswich, Queensland, Australia
| | - Priya Martin
- Rural Clinical School (RCS), Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Steve Woodruffe
- Southern Queensland Rural Health (SQRH), Faculty of Health and Behavioural Science, The University of Queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Kate Bell
- Southern Queensland Rural Health (SQRH), Faculty of Health and Behavioural Science, The University of Queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Michelle Aniftos
- Southern Queensland Rural Health (SQRH), Faculty of Health and Behavioural Science, The University of Queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jayne Kirkpatrick
- Southern Queensland Rural Health (SQRH), Faculty of Health and Behavioural Science, The University of Queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Nicola Cotter
- Southern Queensland Rural Health (SQRH), Faculty of Health and Behavioural Science, The University of Queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Dayle Osborn
- Southern Queensland Rural Health (SQRH), Faculty of Health and Behavioural Science, The University of Queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Geoff Argus
- Southern Queensland Rural Health (SQRH), Faculty of Health and Behavioural Science, The University of Queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia
- School of Psychology and Wellbeing, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia
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Hong J, Woo J, Jeon J. Torque and power of knee extensor muscles at individualized isokinetic angular velocities. J Int Med Res 2024; 52:3000605241262186. [PMID: 39053453 PMCID: PMC11283666 DOI: 10.1177/03000605241262186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Existing isokinetic contractions are characterized using standardized angular velocities, which can induce differing adaptations. Here, we characterized the variation in the isokinetic parameters of knee extensors according to individualized angular velocity (IAV). METHODS We performed a cross-sectional study of 19 young, healthy men. We measured the maximum angular velocity (MAV) of concentric knee extension using the isotonic mode of an isokinetic dynamometer. Isometric and isokinetic (at angular velocities corresponding to 100%, 70%, 40%, and 10% of each individual's MAV) knee extensor contractions were performed, and the peak torque and mean power were recorded. RESULTS Peak torque significantly decreased with increasing IAV (129.42 ± 25.04, 84.37 ± 20.97, and 56.42 ± 16.18 Nm at 40%, 70%, and 100%, respectively), except for isometric contraction (233.36 ± 47.85) and at 10% of MAV (208 ± 48.55). At the mean power, 10% of MAV (74.52 ± 20.84 W) was significantly lower than the faster IAV (176.32 ± 49.64, 161.53 ± 56.55, and 145.95 ± 50.64 W at 40%, 70%, and 100%, respectively), and 100% was significantly lower than 40%. CONCLUSION The optimized IAV for isokinetic contraction to improve power output while maintaining torque is 10% to 40% of MAV. IAV may reflect both the velocity and force components of power because individuals do not have the same angular velocity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiheon Hong
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, Sunmoon University, Asan-si, Chungcheongnam-do, Republic of Korea
- Digital Healthcare Institute, Sunmoon University, Asan-si, Chungcheongnam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jonggeun Woo
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, Sunmoon University, Asan-si, Chungcheongnam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongwoo Jeon
- Digital Healthcare Institute, Sunmoon University, Asan-si, Chungcheongnam-do, Republic of Korea
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Nakanishi S, Shimoda M, Kimura T, Sanada J, Fushimi Y, Iwamoto Y, Iwamoto H, Dan K, Mune T, Kaku K, Kaneto H. The impact of handgrip strength and waist circumference on glycemic control: Prospective, observational study using outpatient clinical data in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Diabetes Investig 2024; 15:892-898. [PMID: 38534048 PMCID: PMC11215675 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.14200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Loss of muscle mass and the accumulation of visceral fat are known risk factors for the deterioration of glycemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus. This study looked at the effects of such factors on glycemic control in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the form of handgrip strength (HGS) and waist circumference (WC). MATERIALS AND METHODS In this prospective, observational study, 233 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and a HbA1c level of ≥7.0% were followed for around 1 year, during which time they were studied for an understanding of the association between handgrip strength, waist circumference, and glycemic control (HbA1c <7.0%). Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for glycemic control improvement by Cox hazards models were analyzed for handgrip strength and waist circumference. RESULTS Compared with the low tertile, patients in the middle and high tertiles of handgrip strength when adjustment was carried out for waist circumference were 2.117 (1.142-3.924) and 4.670 (2.526-8.632), respectively. The HRs of patients in the middle and high tertiles of WC when adjustment was made for HGS were 0.442 (0.269-0.725) and 0.339 (0.191-0.604), respectively. Within the low, middle, and high HGS tertiles, the HRs for WC were 0.863 (0.797-0.934), 0.940 (0.899-0.982), and 1.009 (0.984-1.035), respectively, although the HRs for HGS within each WC tertile remained significant. CONCLUSIONS Handgrip strength and waist circumference demonstrated independent associations for glycemic control, but the effect of waist circumference appeared to be at least partially canceled out by increased handgrip strength. The data suggest that handgrip strength might help to mitigate the negative impact of waist circumference on glycemic control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhei Nakanishi
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and EndocrinologyKawasaki Medical SchoolOkayamaJapan
| | - Masashi Shimoda
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and EndocrinologyKawasaki Medical SchoolOkayamaJapan
| | - Tomohiko Kimura
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and EndocrinologyKawasaki Medical SchoolOkayamaJapan
| | - Junpei Sanada
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and EndocrinologyKawasaki Medical SchoolOkayamaJapan
| | - Yoshiro Fushimi
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and EndocrinologyKawasaki Medical SchoolOkayamaJapan
| | - Yuichiro Iwamoto
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and EndocrinologyKawasaki Medical SchoolOkayamaJapan
| | - Hideyuki Iwamoto
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and EndocrinologyKawasaki Medical SchoolOkayamaJapan
| | - Kazunori Dan
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and EndocrinologyKawasaki Medical SchoolOkayamaJapan
| | - Tomoatsu Mune
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and EndocrinologyKawasaki Medical SchoolOkayamaJapan
| | - Kohei Kaku
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and EndocrinologyKawasaki Medical SchoolOkayamaJapan
| | - Hideaki Kaneto
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and EndocrinologyKawasaki Medical SchoolOkayamaJapan
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Zhang Y, Guo JY, Wang F, Li CW, Yu K. Start with muscle mass or muscle strength in diagnosis and management of sarcopenia? A systematic review of guidance documents. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr 2024; 33:247-271. [PMID: 38794984 PMCID: PMC11170015 DOI: 10.6133/apjcn.202406_33(2).0011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Sarcopenia has garnered extensive attention in clinical practice since its high prevalence and significant impact on clinical outcomes. Multiple organizations have published guidance documents on sarcopenia, offering evidence-based recommendations for clinical practice and/or research. We aimed to appraise the methodological quality of the included documents and synthesize available recommendations for the screening, diagnosis, and intervention of sarcopenia. METHODS AND STUDY DESIGN We conducted a search on PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, guideline database, and guideline organizations and professional societies websites for clinical practices, consensus statements and position papers in terms of sarcopenia, muscle atrophy or muscle loss published before April 17, 2023. The AGREE II instrument was used by three independent reviewers to assess the methodological quality of these documents. RESULTS Thirty-six guidance documents published between 2010 and 2023 were included. Seven documents fulfilled ≥ 50% of all the AGREE II domains. Seven underwent a Delphi process and six graded the strength of the recommendations. The process of screening (n=21), early diagnosis of sarcopenia (n=12), diagnosis of sarcopenia and severe sarcopenia (n=10), and management (n=21) were increasingly recommended. SARC-F (n=14) was the most recommended screening tool, and the assessment of muscle function was considered the first step in diagnosing sarcopenia. The management strategy for both age-related and disease-related sarcopenia mainly focused on exercise and nutrition intervention. CONCLUSIONS The guidance documents have provided referential recommendations that have great guiding significance. But the inconsistency in recommendations and variation in methodological rigour suggests that high-quality evidence is lacking yet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jia-Yu Guo
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Chun-Wei Li
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Kang Yu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
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Nakanishi S, Shimoda M, Kimura T, Katakura Y, Sanada J, Fushimi Y, Iwamoto Y, Iwamoto H, Mune T, Kaku K, Kaneto H. The Impact of Hand Strength on HbA1c, Body Mass Index and Body Composition by Group According to Sedentary Behaviour: Cross-Sectional Study in Japanese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Malays J Med Sci 2024; 31:185-193. [PMID: 38984246 PMCID: PMC11229562 DOI: 10.21315/mjms2024.31.3.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The impact of hand strength in consideration of sedentary behaviour on diabetes management in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is unclear. The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of hand strength on HbA1c, body mass index (BMI) and body composition by group according to the duration of sedentary behaviour in Japanese patients with T2DM. Methods In this retrospective, cross-sectional, single-centre study, hand strength standardised by bodyweight (GS) and sedentary time (ST), were obtained and analysed in a total of 270 Japanese T2DM outpatients in 2021. After dividing the patients into four categories of median values (high and low GS, and long and short ST), odds ratios (ORs) for good control of HbA1c, BMI, waist circumference (WC) and intra-abdominal fat (IAF) were investigated using logistic regression models. Results The high GS/short ST group was found to have a significantly higher (OR = 2.01; 95% CI: 1.00, 4.03; P = 0.049) for controlled HbA1c compared with that of the low GS/long ST group. The high GS/short ST and the high GS/long ST groups had significantly higher ORs for controlled BMI, WC and IAF compared with the OR of the low GS/long ST group. In addition, the ORs were significantly increased with a positive trend in order from low GS/long ST, low GS/short ST, high GS/long ST, to high GS/short ST in all models (P < 0.001 for trend). Conclusion Hand strength, with modest effects from sedentary behaviour, could be helpful for diabetes management in T2DM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhei Nakanishi
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan
| | - Masashi Shimoda
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Kimura
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yukino Katakura
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan
| | - Junpei Sanada
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yoshiro Fushimi
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Iwamoto
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Iwamoto
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan
| | - Tomoatsu Mune
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan
| | - Kohei Kaku
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hideaki Kaneto
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan
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Duran I, Wloka KR, Martakis K, Spiess K, Alexy U, Schoenau E. Multivariable reference centiles for maximum grip strength in childhood to young adults. Eur J Clin Nutr 2024; 78:494-500. [PMID: 38158405 PMCID: PMC11182743 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-023-01395-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Maximum grip strength (mGS) is a useful predictor of health-related outcomes in children and adults. The aim of the study was to generate sex- and age-adjusted reference centiles for mGS for children, adolescents and young adults, while adjusting for body height and body mass index (BMI). METHODS A retrospective analysis of longitudinal data from children and young adults participating in the DOrtmund Nutritional and Anthropometric Longitudinally Designed (DONALD) study (single center, open cohort study) from 2004 to 2022 was conducted. To generate sex-, age-, height- and BMI-adjusted reference centiles, a new algorithm combining multiple linear regression and the LMS method was conducted. RESULTS Overall, 3325 measurements of mGS of 465 females and 511 males were eligible. The mean age at measurement of females was 12.6 ± 3.9 years, mean age of males was 12.4 ± 4.7 years. The median of number of repeated measurements per individual was 3 (range 1-8). The mGS was significantly (p < 0.001) correlated to body height and BMI (r = 0.303-0.432). Additional reference centiles for the change of z-scores of mGS were generated for children and young adults from 8 to 20 years. CONCLUSIONS We proposed to evaluate mGS in children, adolescents and young adults with the presented reference centiles adjusted to sex, age, height and BMI. The method presented may also be applicable to other biological variables that depend more than just on sex and age. For the first time, also reference centiles to assess the change of mGS in repeated measurements were presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Duran
- University of Cologne, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Center of Prevention and Rehabilitation, UniReha, Cologne, Germany.
- University of Cologne, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Cologne, Germany.
| | - Kim Ramona Wloka
- University of Cologne, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Center of Prevention and Rehabilitation, UniReha, Cologne, Germany
| | - Kyriakos Martakis
- University of Cologne, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Cologne, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, University Children's Hospital and Medical Faculty, Justus Liebig University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Karoline Spiess
- University of Cologne, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Center of Prevention and Rehabilitation, UniReha, Cologne, Germany
| | - Ute Alexy
- Institute of Nutritional and Food Sciences, Nutritional Epidemiology, DONALD Study, University of Bonn, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Eckhard Schoenau
- University of Cologne, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Center of Prevention and Rehabilitation, UniReha, Cologne, Germany
- University of Cologne, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Cologne, Germany
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Kitamura B, Iidaka T, Horii C, Muraki S, Oka H, Kawaguchi H, Nakamura K, Akune T, Otsuka Y, Izumo T, Tanaka T, Rogi T, Shibata H, Tanaka S, Yoshimura N. Ten-year trends in values of joint space width and osteophyte area of knee joints: Comparison of the baseline and fourth ROAD study surveys. OSTEOARTHRITIS AND CARTILAGE OPEN 2024; 6:100454. [PMID: 38469555 PMCID: PMC10926208 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocarto.2024.100454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Considering the joint space width and osteophyte area (OPA) of the knee joints of Japanese adults, this study elucidated the ten-year trends in medial minimum joint space width (mJSW) and OPA using data of two independent cohorts from a population-based cohort study. Methods The baseline survey of the Research on Osteoarthritis/Osteoporosis Against Disability study was conducted from 2005 to 2007; 2975 participants (1041 men, 1934 women) completed all knee osteoarthritis (OA) examinations. The fourth survey was performed from 2015 to 2016; distinct 2445 participants (764 men, 1681 women) completed identical examinations. The medial mJSW and medial tibial OPA were measured bilaterally using an automated system. Results The mean medial mJSW (standard deviation) was 3.22 (0.96) mm and 2.65 (0.95) mm at baseline and 3.81 (1.20) mm and 3.13 (1.15) mm in the fourth survey for men and women, respectively. The mean medial mJSW in the fourth survey was significantly greater in both men and women in all age groups than at baseline (p < 0.01). The mean OPAs in men aged 40-49 and 60-69 years and women aged 40-49, 50-59, 60-69, and 70-79 years were significantly smaller in the fourth survey (p < 0.05). The trend in mJSW remained the same even after adjusting for confounding factors in the multivariate analysis, but the trend in OPA was weakened. Conclusions A significant improvement in the medial mJSW within 10 years could decrease the incidence and progression of knee OA and prevent the risk of walking disability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Banri Kitamura
- Institute for Health Care Science, Suntory Wellness Limited, 8-1-1 Seikadai, Seika-cho, Soraku-gun, Kyoto 619-0284, Japan
- Department of Preventive Medicine for Locomotive Organ Disorders, 22nd Century Medical & Research Center, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Toshiko Iidaka
- Department of Preventive Medicine for Locomotive Organ Disorders, 22nd Century Medical & Research Center, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Chiaki Horii
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sensory and Motor System Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Shigeyuki Muraki
- Department of Preventive Medicine for Locomotive Organ Disorders, 22nd Century Medical & Research Center, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Oka
- Department of Medical Research and Management for Musculoskeletal Pain, 22nd Century Medical and Research Center, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kawaguchi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tokyo Neurological Center, 4-1-17 Toranomon, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-0001, Japan
| | - Kozo Nakamura
- Towa Hospital, 4-7-10 Towa, Adachi-ku, Tokyo 120-0003, Japan
| | - Toru Akune
- National Rehabilitation Center for Persons with Disabilities, 4-1 Namiki, Tokorozawa-shi, Saitama 359-0042, Japan
| | - Yuta Otsuka
- Institute for Health Care Science, Suntory Wellness Limited, 8-1-1 Seikadai, Seika-cho, Soraku-gun, Kyoto 619-0284, Japan
| | - Takayuki Izumo
- Institute for Health Care Science, Suntory Wellness Limited, 8-1-1 Seikadai, Seika-cho, Soraku-gun, Kyoto 619-0284, Japan
| | - Takao Tanaka
- Institute for Health Care Science, Suntory Wellness Limited, 8-1-1 Seikadai, Seika-cho, Soraku-gun, Kyoto 619-0284, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Rogi
- Institute for Health Care Science, Suntory Wellness Limited, 8-1-1 Seikadai, Seika-cho, Soraku-gun, Kyoto 619-0284, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Shibata
- Institute for Health Care Science, Suntory Wellness Limited, 8-1-1 Seikadai, Seika-cho, Soraku-gun, Kyoto 619-0284, Japan
| | - Sakae Tanaka
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sensory and Motor System Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Noriko Yoshimura
- Department of Preventive Medicine for Locomotive Organ Disorders, 22nd Century Medical & Research Center, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
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Alotaibi MM. Predictors of Hand Grip Strength in Adults Without Sarcopenia: Data From the NHANES, 2013-2014. Curr Dev Nutr 2024; 8:102149. [PMID: 38693967 PMCID: PMC11061696 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdnut.2024.102149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Grip strength measurement is used to estimate muscle strength and predict health status; yet, an accurate examination of grip strength predictors from body composition variable is lacking. Objectives This study aimed to examine the association of grip strength with lumbar bone mineral density (BMD) and total lean mass in adults without sarcopenia. Methods Adults without sarcopenia (N = 3100) were included from the NHANES, 2013-2014, in this cross-sectional study. Body mass (kg), body height (cm), body mass index (kg/m2), grip strength (kg), total percent fat (%), lumbar BMD (g/cm2), and total lean mass excluding bone mineral content (BMC, kg) were obtained and tested as predictors of grip strength. Results The regression analysis yielded a significant model [F(2,343732) = 71,284.2; R2 = 0.713; P < 0.001], with all predictors explaining ∼71.3% of the variance in grip strength. Age [β: -0.043; 95% confidence interval (CI): -0.040, -0.036], sex (β: -0.296; 95% CI: -6.431, -6.270), total percent fat (β: -0.245; 95% CI: -0.315, -0.308), lumbar BMD (β: 0.037; 95% CI: 2.529, 2.806), and total lean mass (β: 0.482; 95% CI: 0.001, 0.001) were all significant predictors of grip strength. Conclusions The predictive value of the BMD and total lean mass can serve as a useful measure in predicting grip strength and overall health status in adults without sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansour M Alotaibi
- Department of Rehabilitation, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia
- Center for Health Research, Northern Border Universit, Arar, Saudi Arabia
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Kozieł S, Konarski JM, Konarska A, Huechert J, Ignasiak Z, Chakraborty R. The change in handgrip strength, after physical exercise, is moderated by digit ratio (2D:4D): A study among the young adults in Poland. Am J Hum Biol 2024:e24078. [PMID: 38576074 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.24078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The digit ratio (2D:4D), the ratio of the lengths of second (2D) to the fourth (4D) fingers, is a proxy indicator of prenatal androgen exposure. On average, males display lower 2D:4D than females. Previous studies have shown that lower 2D:4D ratios were associated with better sports and physical abilities. AIM To assess whether a challenge condition, imposed by intense exercise, could increase handgrip strength (HGS) associated with 2D:4D. METHODS This cross-sectional experimental study included 90 healthy young Polish adults (40 males, 50 females). They underwent intense physical exercise, before (7 days) and after which they were measured for HGS and 2D:4D. Height and weight were also measured. Analyses of Covariance were employed to delineate associations. RESULTS 2D:4D had significant predictive effects on the differences in HGS (DHGS) measured in two occasions, without and after, physical exercises. The lower was the 2D:4D, the higher the DHGS, particularly, for the left hand. CONCLUSION The results reconfirmed that the link between prenatal testosterone exposure (indicated by 2D:4D) and physical strength depends on the context, such as a challenged condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sławomir Kozieł
- Department of Anthropology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Jan M Konarski
- Department of Theory of Sports, Poznań University of Physical Education, Poznań, Poland
| | - Agata Konarska
- Department of Physiotherapy, Stanisław Staszic University of Applied Science, Piła, Poland
| | - Joanna Huechert
- Department of Anthropology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Zofia Ignasiak
- Faculty of Physical Education, University School of Physical Education in Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Raja Chakraborty
- Department of Anthropology and Tribal Studies, Sidho-Kanho-Birsha University, Purulia, West Bengal, India
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10
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Shasthry V, Kapoor PB, Tripathi H, Kumar G, Joshi YK, Benjamin J. Handgrip strength: Best practice for a rapid nutrition screening and risk stratification in male patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis, a classification and regression tree analysis study. Nutr Clin Pract 2024; 39:475-484. [PMID: 35801707 DOI: 10.1002/ncp.10882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rapid nutrition screening (NS) is vital for apt management in patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis (ALC). AIM To identify a quick method of NS having high reliability and prognostic significance. METHODS NS of patients with ALC was assessed using mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC), handgrip strength (HGS), fat-free mass index (FFMI), and the Royal Free Hospital-Global Assessment (RFH-GA). Baseline clinical and biochemical information were recorded along with 90-day survival data. The classification and regression tree method was used to classify HGS, MUAC, and FFMI values as well nourished (WN), moderately malnourished (MM), and severely malnourished (SM), and their concordance with RFH-GA categories was assessed using Kendall tau-b coefficient. The prognostic proficiency of each method was tested by Cox regression analysis. RESULTS According to the RFH-GA, of 140 male patients with ALC, 13 of 140 (9.3%) were WN, 93 of 140 (66.4%) were MM, and 34 of 140 (26.8%) were SM. HGS has the strongest association with the RFH-GA (Kendall tau-b = 0.772; diagnostic accuracy -81.4%). HGS was found to be the independent predictor of 90-day mortality (26 of 140 [18.6%]; hazard ratio, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.88-0.98; P = 0.002) after adjusting for age, body mass index, and disease severity. The hazard of mortality was 8.5-times higher in patients with ALC with HGS < 22 kg as compared with those with HGS > 29. CONCLUSION HGS is a reliable tool for rapid NS. HGS < 22 kg suggests a high risk for severe malnutrition and is strongly associated with short-term mortality in male patients with ALC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varsha Shasthry
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Puja Bhatia Kapoor
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Harshita Tripathi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Guresh Kumar
- Department of Biostatistics and Clinical Research, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Yogendra Kumar Joshi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Jaya Benjamin
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
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11
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Nakanishi S, Shimoda M, Kimura T, Katakura Y, Sanada J, Fushimi Y, Iwamoto Y, Iwamoto H, Mune T, Kaku K, Kaneto H. The impact of grip strength, waist circumference, and body mass index on Hemoglobin A 1c value: Cross-sectional study using outpatient clinical data in Japanese elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24:410-414. [PMID: 38487967 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.14864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
AIM Grip strength (GS) as a surrogate for muscular strength, waist circumference (WC) as a surrogate marker of visceral fat, and body mass index (BMI) as a surrogate marker of obesity should also be considered markers for the management of risks associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, in terms of the management of T2DM in elderly patients, the accentuated heterogeneity of sarcopenic change might modify the associations between those factors and glycemic control. In this cross-sectional study, we aimed to clarify the impact of GS, WC, and BMI on hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) in elderly Japanese patients with T2DM. METHODS GS, WC, and BMI were measured in 327 patients. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for good glycemic control (HbA1c < 7.0%) were investigated to analyze the three variables as numerical values by dividing them into tertiles. All results were expressed after adjustment was made for the confounders of age, sex, and number of diabetes medications being used by the study participants. RESULTS The ORs of GS, WC, and BMI for well-controlled HbA1c were 1.056 (95% CI, 1.016-1.098), 0.986 (95% CI, 0.960-1.013), and 1.032 (95% CI, 0.959-1.111), respectively. The OR of 3.726 (95% CI, 1.831-7.581) in the high tertile for GS was significantly higher than the OR in the low tertile, and no differences were observed among the tertiles for WC and BMI. CONCLUSIONS Based on that result, GS was found to have more potential as an effective marker of glycemic control than WC or BMI among elderly Japanese patients with T2DM. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24: 410-414.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhei Nakanishi
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan
| | - Masashi Shimoda
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Kimura
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yukino Katakura
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan
| | - Junpei Sanada
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yoshiro Fushimi
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Iwamoto
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Iwamoto
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan
| | - Tomoatsu Mune
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan
| | - Kohei Kaku
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hideaki Kaneto
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan
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12
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Lee PY, Chen CH, Tseng HY, Lin SI. Ipsilateral lower limb motor performance and its association with gait after stroke. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0297074. [PMID: 38306360 PMCID: PMC10836699 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0297074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Motor deficits of the ipsilateral lower limb could occur after stroke and may be associated with walking performance. This study aimed to determine whether the accuracy and movement path of targeted movement in the ipsilateral lower limb would be impaired in the chronic stage of stroke and whether this impairment would contribution to gait. METHODS Twenty adults with chronic stroke and 20 age-matched controls went through Mini Mental Status Examination (MMSE), and a series of sensorimotor tests. The targeted movement tasks were to place the big toe ipsilateral to the lesion at an external visual target (EXT) or a proprioceptive target (PRO, contralateral big toe) with eyes open (EO) or closed (EC) in a seated position. A motion analysis system was used to obtain the data for the calculation of error distance, deviation from a straight path, and peak toe-height during the targeted movement tasks and gait velocity, step length, step width and step length symmetry of the lower limb ipsilateral to the brain lesion during walking. RESULTS The stroke group had significantly lower MMSE and poorer visual acuity on the ipsilateral side, but did not differ in age or other sensorimotor functions when compared to the controls. For the targeted movement performance, only the deviation in PRO-EC showed significant between-group differences (p = 0.02). Toe-height in both EXT-EO and in PRO-EO was a significant predictor of step length (R2 = 0.294, p = 0.026) and step length symmetry (R2 = 0.359, p = 0.014), respectively. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS The performance of ipsilateral lower limb targeted movement could be impaired after stroke and was associated with step length and its symmetry. The training of ipsilateral targeted movement with unseen proprioceptive target may be considered in stroke rehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Yun Lee
- Department of Physical Therapy, Medical College, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hung Chen
- Department of Neurology, Medical College, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Yu Tseng
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tainan Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Sang-I Lin
- Institute of Long-Term Care, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei, Taiwan
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13
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Voulgaridou G, Tyrovolas S, Detopoulou P, Tsoumana D, Drakaki M, Apostolou T, Chatziprodromidou IP, Papandreou D, Giaginis C, Papadopoulou SK. Diagnostic Criteria and Measurement Techniques of Sarcopenia: A Critical Evaluation of the Up-to-Date Evidence. Nutrients 2024; 16:436. [PMID: 38337720 PMCID: PMC10856900 DOI: 10.3390/nu16030436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia, a geriatric syndrome characterized by progressive skeletal muscle mass and function decline, poses a significant health risk among the elderly, contributing to frailty, falls, hospitalization, loss of independence and mortality. The prevalence of sarcopenia varies significantly based on various factors, such as living status, demographics, measurement techniques and diagnostic criteria. Although the overall prevalence is reported at 10% in individuals aged 60 and above, disparities exist across settings, with higher rates in nursing homes and hospitals. Additionally, the differences in prevalence between Asian and non-Asian countries highlight the impact of cultural and ethnic factors, and variations in diagnostic criteria, cut-off values and assessment methods contribute to the observed heterogeneity in reported rates. This review outlines diverse diagnostic criteria and several measurement techniques supporting decision making in clinical practice. Moreover, it facilitates the selection of appropriate tools to assess sarcopenia, emphasizing its multifactorial nature. Various scientific groups, including the European Working Group of Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP), the International Working Group on Sarcopenia (IWGS), the Asian Working Group on Sarcopenia (AWGS), the American Foundation for the National Institutes of Health (FNIH) and the Sarcopenia Definition and Outcomes Consortium (SDOC), have published consensus papers outlining diverse definitions of sarcopenia. The choice of diagnostic criteria should be aligned with the specific objectives of the study or clinical practice, considering the characteristics of the study population and available resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gavriela Voulgaridou
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece; (G.V.); (D.T.); (M.D.)
| | - Stefanos Tyrovolas
- Department of Nutrition and Food Studies, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA;
- WHOCC Centre for Community Health Services, School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Research, Innovation and Teaching Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, 08830 Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Paraskevi Detopoulou
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, General Hospital Korgialenio Benakio, Athanassaki 2, 11526 Athens, Greece
| | - Despoina Tsoumana
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece; (G.V.); (D.T.); (M.D.)
| | - Mariella Drakaki
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece; (G.V.); (D.T.); (M.D.)
| | - Thomas Apostolou
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | | | - Dimitrios Papandreou
- Department of Clinical Nutrition & Dietetics, College of Health, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Constantinos Giaginis
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Environment, University of Aegean, 81400 Myrina, Greece;
| | - Sousana K. Papadopoulou
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece; (G.V.); (D.T.); (M.D.)
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14
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Suiko M, Mizukami S, Arima K, Nakashima H, Nishimura T, Tomita Y, Abe Y, Tanaka N, Honda Y, Kojima M, Okawachi T, Hasegawa M, Sou Y, Tsujimoto R, Kanagae M, Osaki M, Aoyagi K. Association between physical performance and bone mass in community-dwelling postmenopausal Japanese women: The Unzen study. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0296457. [PMID: 38165878 PMCID: PMC10760765 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0296457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low bone mass is an independent risk factor for osteoporotic fractures. We examined the association between physical performance and bone mass using quantitative ultrasound in community-dwelling postmenopausal Japanese women. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study on 524 community-dwelling postmenopausal Japanese women who were not being administered osteoporosis medications. Physical performance was assessed on the basis of grip strength, chair stand time, and functional reach. The stiffness index was measured as a quantitative ultrasound parameter for heel bone mass. RESULTS Physical performance, assessed by grip strength, chair stand time, and functional reach, and the stiffness index significantly decreased with age (both p<0.001). The multiple linear regression analysis showed that grip strength (p = 0.001), chair stand time (p = 0.004), and functional reach (p = 0.048) were significantly associated with the stiffness index after adjusting for age, body mass index, smoking, drinking, and exercise. CONCLUSIONS Physical performance was significantly associated with heel bone mass in community-dwelling postmenopausal Japanese women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Suiko
- Department of Public Health, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Satoshi Mizukami
- Department of Public Health, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
- Leading Medical Research Core Unit, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Arima
- Department of Public Health, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Hiroki Nakashima
- Department of Public Health, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Takayuki Nishimura
- Department of Human Science, Faculty of Design, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshihito Tomita
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Rehabilitation, Tokyo Professional University of Health Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuyo Abe
- Department of Health and Nutrition Science, Nishikyusyu University, Kanzaki, Japan
| | - Natsumi Tanaka
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Yuzo Honda
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Michiko Kojima
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | | | - Maiko Hasegawa
- Medical Policy Division, Nagasaki Prefectural Government, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Youko Sou
- Ken-Nan Health Care Office, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Ritsu Tsujimoto
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Mitsuo Kanagae
- Department of Public Health, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
- Department of Rehabilitation, Nishi-Isahaya Hospital, Isahaya, Japan
| | - Makoto Osaki
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Aoyagi
- Department of Public Health, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
- Leading Medical Research Core Unit, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
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15
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Chen HC, Hsu NW, Lin CH. Different dimensions of daytime sleepiness predicted mortality in older adults: Sex and muscle power-specific risk in Yilan Study, Taiwan. Sleep Med 2024; 113:84-91. [PMID: 37995473 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2023.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to investigate the relationship between daytime sleepiness and mortality risk among older adults. The moderating effects of sex and physical function were examined. METHODS This 9-year follow-up study was conducted with community-dwelling individuals aged ≥65 years. Daytime sleepiness was evaluated using the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS). Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was used to examine the ESS factors. Handgrip strength was measured to assess physical function, and the highest quartile was defined as good muscle power. Cox regression analysis was used to estimate the 9-year all-cause mortality risk. The interaction terms were examined to evaluate their moderating effect. RESULTS In total, 2588 individuals participated in the study. The EFA explored two factors: the passive factor (PF) and the active factor (AF). After controlling for various covariates, the cutoff-defined daytime sleepiness (ESS≥11), total raw scores, and factor scores of the ESS all failed to predict mortality risk. The 3-way interaction terms showed statistical significance in terms of [sex × PF × muscle power (p = 0.03)] but not for [sex × AF × muscle power (p = 0.11)]. Specifically, PF predicted mortality risk in women with good muscle power (hazard ratio (HR): 1.48; 95 % confidence interval (CI): 1.04-2.10), which is female-specific. In contrast, AF predicted mortality risk only in men with good muscle power (HR: 1.35; 95 % CI: 1.02-1.78). CONCLUSIONS The ESS-measured daytime sleepiness in older adults is multidimensional. The mortality risk for each dimension was determined based on sex and physical function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsi-Chung Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Center of Sleep Disorders, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Nai-Wei Hsu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine & Community Medicine Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hospital, Yilan, Taiwan; Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Public Health Bureau, Yilan County, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Heng Lin
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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16
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Callan F, Keating L, Casserley-Feeney S, French HP. ADvAnced PhysioTherapy in MuSculosKeletal Triage: Investigating prognostic factors, healthcare utilisation and clinical outcomes (ADAPT MSK) - a cohort study protocol. HRB Open Res 2023; 6:73. [PMID: 38384973 PMCID: PMC10879754 DOI: 10.12688/hrbopenres.13769.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical specialist physiotherapist-led musculoskeletal triage clinics were introduced nationally in Ireland in 2011 to improve patient care and reduce waiting times for secondary care orthopaedics and rheumatology. Evidence has shown them to be effective in reducing waiting lists, however there are currently no data on longitudinal patient outcomes following clinic attendance. The primary aim of this cohort study is to identify predictors of pain and function outcomes up to one year following musculoskeletal triage review. Secondary aims include measuring self-reported use of healthcare resources over the 12-month follow-up period and to explore musculoskeletal phenotypes based on established prognostic factors for musculoskeletal pain. This is a prospective cohort study. METHODS ADvAnced PhysioTherapy in MuSculosKeletal Triage (ADAPT MSK) will recruit a cohort of 252 adults through musculoskeletal triage clinics across five secondary care sites in Ireland. The STrengthening the Reporting of Observational studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) guidelines will be adhered to for future reporting. Adults (≥ 18 years old) attending physiotherapist-led musculoskeletal triage clinics with musculoskeletal pain, who do not require surgical or consultant-led medical care will be considered for participation. Participant demographics, health literacy, healthcare utilisation, and self-report questionnaires on pain, function, musculoskeletal health, musculoskeletal risk stratification, fear of movement, and psychological distress will be obtained at baseline, with follow-ups at three, six, and 12 months. Primary outcomes are pain intensity and function. Secondary outcomes include musculoskeletal risk stratification status, musculoskeletal health, healthcare utilisation, and work-related factors. Descriptive statistics will be used to profile the participants and predictors of outcome will be assessed using multivariable linear regression. Musculoskeletal phenotypes will be explored using latent class analysis. RESULTS Results will be disseminated via peer-reviewed journal publication and presentation at national and international conferences. Engagement with a public patient involvement (PPI) panel will explore dissemination strategies for public and service user engagement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona Callan
- School of Physiotherapy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Louise Keating
- School of Physiotherapy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sarah Casserley-Feeney
- National Musculoskeletal Triage Initiative, National Clinical Programme for Trauma & Orthopaedic Surgery (NCPTOS), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Helen P. French
- School of Physiotherapy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
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Coelho-Júnior HJ, Calvani R, Picca A, Marzetti E. Are sit-to-stand and isometric handgrip tests comparable assessment tools to identify dynapenia in sarcopenic people? Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2023; 114:105059. [PMID: 37295058 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2023.105059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Sarcopenia is a neuromuscular disease characterized by the simultaneous existence of reduced muscle strength and muscle atrophy. The current recommendations for the diagnosis of sarcopenia suggest dynapenia be operationalized using either isometric handgrip strength (IHG) or sit-to-stand (STS) tests. However, specific associations between each of these assessment tools and sarcopenia-related parameters have been observed. In addition, important neuromuscular and biomechanical aspects differ between IHG and STS. This scenario has important clinical implications and calls for detailed studies to refine the current recommendations for sarcopenia identification. The present communication presents evidence to foster a constructive debate on the matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélio José Coelho-Júnior
- Department of Geriatrics and Orthopedics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy.
| | - Riccardo Calvani
- Department of Geriatrics and Orthopedics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Picca
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; Department of Medicine and Surgery, LUM University, 70100 Casamassima, Italy
| | - Emanuele Marzetti
- Department of Geriatrics and Orthopedics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
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Maeda K, Imatani J, Narazaki S, Ozaki T. Bone mineral density, limb muscle mass, muscle strength, and exercise capacity are reduced in female patients with distal radius fractures when the unaffected side grip strength is less than 18 kg. J Orthop Sci 2023; 28:1279-1284. [PMID: 36182638 DOI: 10.1016/j.jos.2022.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prevention of domino effects after distal radius fractures is important for improving life expectancy. Fragility fractures secondary to falls are associated with decreased bone mineral density, muscle strength, and exercise capacity. Grip strength is one of the simplest and most useful tests to comprehensively judge muscle strength. The purpose of this study was to examine whether grip strength is associated with bone mineral density, limb muscle mass, muscle strength, and exercise capacity, by comparing patient backgrounds based on the presence or absence of grip weakness in female patients with distal radius fractures. METHODS This study included women with distal radius fractures who visited our orthopedics outpatient department between April 2015 and April 2020. Bone mineral density, limb muscle mass, skeletal muscle mass index, muscle strength (grip strength on unaffected side and quadriceps muscle strength), the Timed Up and Go test, and the Two-Step test were evaluated six to eight weeks after injury. Patients were divided into two groups according to the cutoff value of grip strength (18-21 kg), and 90 age-adjusted and matched participants were compared and examined. RESULTS At the cutoff value of 18 kg, a significant decrease in lumbar spine and total proximal femur bone mineral density (p < 0.05, p < 0.05), limb muscle mass and skeletal muscle mass index (p < 0.01, p < 0.05), quadriceps femoris muscle strength (p < 0.01), the Timed Up and Go test (p < 0.05), and the Two-Step test (p < 0.01), was observed in the grip-weakness group compared to that in the no-grip-weakness group. CONCLUSIONS In women with distal radius fracture and grip strength <18 kg on the unaffected side, bone mineral density, limb muscle mass, quadriceps femoris strength, and exercise capacity may be reduced. These results suggest reduced grip strength may be an indicator for further testing to prevent domino effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Junya Imatani
- Department of Orthopedics, Okayama Saiseikai General Hospital, Japan
| | - Shinji Narazaki
- Department of Orthopedics, Okayama Saiseikai General Hospital, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Ozaki
- Department of Orthopedics, Okayama University Medical School, Japan
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Honvo G, Sabico S, Veronese N, Bruyère O, Rizzoli R, Amuthavalli Thiyagarajan J, Mikton C, Diaz T, Cooper C, Reginster JY. Measures of attributes of locomotor capacity in older people: a systematic literature review following the COSMIN methodology. Age Ageing 2023; 52:iv44-iv66. [PMID: 37902521 PMCID: PMC10615073 DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afad139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Locomotor capacity (LC) is an important domain of intrinsic capacity and key determinant of functional ability and well-being in older age. The United Nations Decade of Healthy Ageing (2021-2030) calls for strengthening data and research on healthy ageing, including the measurement of older persons' LC. To advance the measurement and monitoring of LC, there is pressing need to identify valid and reliable measures. OBJECTIVE To identify all the available tools that were validated for measurement of LC or of its specific attributes in older people and to assess the methodological quality of the studies and measurement properties of the tools. DESIGN Systematic review. SETTING Anywhere (Community-dwelling; long-term care facility; etc.). SUBJECTS Older people. METHODS We used highly sensitive search strategies to search the following databases: Medline, Embase, Scopus, CINAHL and PsycINFO. The study was conducted following the COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement Instruments (COSMIN) methodology for systematic review of outcome measurement instruments. RESULTS A total of 125 studies were included, which assessed tools for balance (n = 84), muscle power (n = 12), muscle strength (n = 32, including four studies about tools for balance and muscle power) and endurance (n = 1). No studies on tools for muscle function, joint function, or locomotor capacity overall, were retrieved. We identified 69 clinician-report or objective assessment tools for balance, 30 for muscle strength, 12 for muscle power and 1 endurance assessment tool. The GRADE assessment of quality of evidence showed that only a few tools have high quality evidence for both sufficient validity and reliability: The Balance Evaluation Systems Test (BESTest), the Mini-Balance Evaluation Systems Test (Mini-BESTest), the Berg Balance Scale (BBS) and the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test. CONCLUSIONS A few tools with high quality evidence for sufficient validity and reliability are currently available for balance assessment in older people that may be recommended for use in clinical and research settings. Further validation studies are required for muscle strength, muscle power and endurance assessment tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Germain Honvo
- World Health Organization (WHO) Collaborating Center for Epidemiology of Musculoskeletal Health and Ageing, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
- Division of Public Health, Epidemiology and Health Economics, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Shaun Sabico
- Chair for Biomarkers of Chronic Diseases, Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Nicola Veronese
- Chair for Biomarkers of Chronic Diseases, Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Geriatric Unit, Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Olivier Bruyère
- World Health Organization (WHO) Collaborating Center for Epidemiology of Musculoskeletal Health and Ageing, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
- Division of Public Health, Epidemiology and Health Economics, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - René Rizzoli
- World Health Organization (WHO) Collaborating Center for Epidemiology of Musculoskeletal Health and Ageing, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
- Division of Bone Diseases, Geneva University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Christopher Mikton
- Demographic Change and Healthy Aging Unit, Social Determinants of Health, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Theresa Diaz
- Epidemiology, Monitoring and Evaluation Unit, Maternal, Newborn, Child, Adolescent Health and Ageing, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Cyrus Cooper
- World Health Organization (WHO) Collaborating Center for Epidemiology of Musculoskeletal Health and Ageing, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
| | - Jean-Yves Reginster
- World Health Organization (WHO) Collaborating Center for Epidemiology of Musculoskeletal Health and Ageing, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
- Division of Public Health, Epidemiology and Health Economics, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
- Chair for Biomarkers of Chronic Diseases, Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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20
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Wang X, Chen L, Lyu M, Wei N. The optimal cut-off values of screening tools for dynapenia: a cross-sectional study. Disabil Rehabil 2023:1-6. [PMID: 37897320 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2023.2274884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study evaluated whether anthropometric measurements and the five times sit-to-stand test could be used to identify dynapenia. The cut-off values of accurate screening tools for identifying dynapenia were also established. MATERIALS AND METHODS This was a cross-sectional study conducted on individuals ≥ 60 years old (N = 529). All participants underwent handgrip strength measurement, anthropometric measurements and the five times sit-to-stand test. The participants whose handgrip strength was < 28 kg for men and < 18 kg for women were considered to have dynapenia. The association between the recorded variables and dynapenia was determined using logistic regression, and cut-off values were established by performing the Receiver Operating Characteristic curve analysis. RESULTS The prevalence of dynapenia was 35.42% in men and 25.61% in women. For males, both calf circumference (≤ 35.2 cm) and the five times sit-to-stand test (≥ 14.6 s) could be used as accurate tools for dynapenia. For females, only the five times sit-to-stand test (≥ 11.8 s) had sufficient accuracy to be used as a screening tool for dynapenia. CONCLUSIONS The five times sit-to-stand test was an accurate screening tool for identifying dynapenia. The calf circumference could be only used as a screening tool in males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Wang
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ling Chen
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Mengyu Lyu
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ning Wei
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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21
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Norris T, Sanderson E, Cooper R, Garfield V, Pereira SMP. Chronic inflammation does not mediate the effect of adiposity on grip strength: results from a multivariable Mendelian randomization study. Sci Rep 2023; 13:16886. [PMID: 37803197 PMCID: PMC10558578 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43908-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The relationship between adiposity and grip strength (GS) is complex. We investigated whether one pathway through which adiposity affects GS was via chronic inflammation. 367,583 UK Biobank participants had body mass index (BMI), waist-hip-ratio (WHR), C-reactive protein (CRP) and GS data. Univariable Mendelian randomization (MR) and multivariable Mendelian randomization (MVMR) analyses (using inverse variance weighted (IVW) weighted median estimates (WME) and MR-Egger models) estimated total, direct and indirect effects of adiposity traits on GS using genetic instruments for BMI and WHR (exposures) and CRP (mediator). Observational findings suggested higher BMI was associated with stronger grip, e.g., in males, per standard deviation (SD) higher BMI, GS was higher by 0.48 kg (95% confidence interval(CI):0.44,0.51), independent of CRP. For males MR estimates were directionally consistent; for females, estimates were consistent with the null. Observational findings for WHR suggested that higher WHR was associated with weaker grip. In multivariable MR-IVW analyses, effects in males were consistent with the null. In females, there were consistent effects such that higher WHR was associated with stronger grip, e.g., 1-SD higher WHR was associated with 1.25 kg (MVMR-Egger; 95% CI:0.72,1.78) stronger grip, independent of CRP. Across sexes and adiposity indicators, CRP's mediating role was minor. Greater adiposity may increase GS in early old age, but effects vary by sex and adiposity location. There was no evidence that inflammation mediated these effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Norris
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Institute of Sport, Exercise and Health, UCL, London, UK
| | - Eleanor Sanderson
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Rachel Cooper
- AGE Research Group, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
- NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle University and Newcastle Upon Tyne NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Victoria Garfield
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - Snehal M Pinto Pereira
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Institute of Sport, Exercise and Health, UCL, London, UK.
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22
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Polo-López A, Calatayud J, Núñez-Cortés R, Andersen LL, Moya-Ramón M, López-Bueno R. Dose-Response Association Between Handgrip Strength and Hypertension: A Longitudinal Study of 76,503 European Older Adults. Curr Probl Cardiol 2023; 48:101813. [PMID: 37209803 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2023.101813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
To examine the prospective dose-response association between handgrip strength and the incidence of hypertension in a representative sample of older European adults. We retrieved data from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) waves 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8. Handgrip strength was measured and participants reported whether they had a medical diagnosis of hypertension. We assessed the longitudinal dose-response associations of handgrip strength with hypertension using restricted cubic splines. During the follow-up, 27,149 (35.5%) were diagnosed with incident hypertension. At the fully adjusted model, the minimum and optimal dose of handgrip strength for a significant reduction in the risk of hypertension was 28 Kg (HR: 0.92; 95% CI: 0.89-0.96) and 54 Kg (HR: 0.83; 95% CI: 0.78-0.89), respectively. There exists an association between increased handgrip strength and reduced risk of developing hypertension in older European adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Polo-López
- Department of Physiotherapy, Exercise Intervention for Health Research Group (EXINH-RG), University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Joaquín Calatayud
- Department of Physiotherapy, Exercise Intervention for Health Research Group (EXINH-RG), University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Rodrigo Núñez-Cortés
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile; Department of Physiotherapy, University of Valencia, Physiotherapy in Motion Multispeciality Research Group (PTinMOTION), Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Manuel Moya-Ramón
- Sports Research Centre (Department of Sport Sciences), Miguel Hernández University of Elche, Alicante, Spain; Department of Sport Sciences, Miguel Hernandez University, Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL), Alicante, Spain
| | - Rubén López-Bueno
- Department of Physiotherapy, Exercise Intervention for Health Research Group (EXINH-RG), University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Physical Medicine and Nursing, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
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23
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Gagesch M, Wieczorek M, Abderhalden LA, Lang W, Freystaetter G, Armbrecht G, Kressig RW, Vellas B, Rizzoli R, Blauth M, Orav EJ, Egli A, Bischoff-Ferrari HA. Grip strength cut-points from the Swiss DO-HEALTH population. Eur Rev Aging Phys Act 2023; 20:13. [PMID: 37543639 PMCID: PMC10403936 DOI: 10.1186/s11556-023-00323-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND While grip strength (GS) is commonly assessed using a Dynamometer, the Martin Vigorimeter was proposed as an alternative method especially in older adults. However, its reference values for Swiss older adults are missing. We therefore aimed to derive sex- and age-specific GS cut-points for the dominant and non-dominant hand (DH; NDH) using the Martin Vigorimeter. Additionally, we aimed to identify clinically relevant weakness and assess convergent validity with key markers of physical function and sarcopenia in generally healthy Swiss older adults. METHODS This cross-sectional analysis includes baseline data from Swiss participants enrolled in DO-HEALTH, a 3-year randomized controlled trial in community-dwelling adults age 70 + . For both DH and NDH, 4 different definitions of weakness to derive GS cut-points by sex and age category (≤ 75 vs. > 75 years) were used: i) GS below the median of the 1st quintile, ii) GS below the upper limit of the 1st quintile, iii) GS below 2-standard deviation (SD) of the sex- and age-specific mean in DO-HEALTH Swiss healthy agers (i.e. individuals without major chronic diseases, disabilities, cognitive impairment or mental health issues) and iv) GS below 2.5-SD of the sex- and age-specific mean in DO-HEALTH Swiss healthy agers. To assess the proposed cut-points' convergent validity, we assessed their association with gait speed, time to complete the 5 Times Sit-To-Stand (5TSTS) test, and present sarcopenia. RESULTS In total, 976 participants had available GS at the DH (mean age 75.2, 62% women). According to the 4 weakness definitions, GS cut-points at the DH ranged from 29-42 and 25-39 kPa in younger and older women respectively, and from 51-69 and 31-50 kPa in younger and older men respectively. Overall, weakness prevalence ranged from 2.0% to 19.3%. Definitions of weakness using the median and the upper limit of the 1st GS quintile were most consistently associated with markers of physical performance. Weak participants were more likely to have lower gait speed, longer time to complete the 5TSTS, and sarcopenia, compared to participants without weakness. CONCLUSIONS In generally healthy Swiss older adults, weakness defined by the median or the upper limit of the 1st GS quintile may serve as reference to identify clinically relevant weakness. Additional research is needed in less healthy populations in order to derive representative population-based cut-points. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01745263.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Gagesch
- Department of Aging Medicine and Aging Research, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
- Center On Aging and Mobility, University Hospital Zurich, City Hospital Zurich Waid and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Maud Wieczorek
- Center On Aging and Mobility, University Hospital Zurich, City Hospital Zurich Waid and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lauren A Abderhalden
- Center On Aging and Mobility, University Hospital Zurich, City Hospital Zurich Waid and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Wei Lang
- Center On Aging and Mobility, University Hospital Zurich, City Hospital Zurich Waid and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Gregor Freystaetter
- Department of Aging Medicine and Aging Research, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Center On Aging and Mobility, University Hospital Zurich, City Hospital Zurich Waid and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Gabriele Armbrecht
- Department of Radiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Reto W Kressig
- University Department of Geriatric Medicine FELIX PLATTER, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Bruno Vellas
- UMR INSERM 1027, Gérontopôle, Toulouse University Hospital, University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
- IHU HealthAge, University Hospital Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - René Rizzoli
- Service of Bone Diseases, Geneva University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - E John Orav
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andreas Egli
- Center On Aging and Mobility, University Hospital Zurich, City Hospital Zurich Waid and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Heike A Bischoff-Ferrari
- Department of Aging Medicine and Aging Research, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Center On Aging and Mobility, University Hospital Zurich, City Hospital Zurich Waid and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- IHU HealthAge, University Hospital Toulouse, Toulouse, France
- University Clinic for Acute Geriatric Care, City Hospital Waid and Triemli, Zurich, Switzerland
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24
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Pinto Pereira SM, Garfield V, Norris T, Burgess S, Williams DM, Dodds R, Sayer AA, Robinson SM, Cooper R. Linear and Nonlinear Associations Between Vitamin D and Grip Strength: A Mendelian Randomization Study in UK Biobank. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2023; 78:1483-1488. [PMID: 36566435 PMCID: PMC10395562 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glac255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low vitamin D status is a widespread phenomenon. Similarly, muscle weakness, often indicated by low grip strength, is another public health concern; however, the vitamin D-grip strength relationship is equivocal. It is important to understand whether variation in vitamin D status causally influences muscle strength to elucidate whether supplementation may help prevent/treat muscle weakness. METHODS UK Biobank participants, aged 37-73 years, with valid data on Vitamin D status (circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentration) and maximum grip strength were included (N = 368,890). We examined sex-specific cross-sectional associations between 25(OH)D and grip strength. Using Mendelian randomization (MR), we estimated the strength of the 25(OH)D-grip strength associations using genetic instruments for 25(OH)D as our exposure. Crucially, because potential effects of vitamin D supplementation on strength could vary by underlying 25(OH)D status, we allowed for nonlinear relationships between 25(OH)D and strength in all analyses. RESULTS Mean (SD) of 25(OH)D was 50 (21) nmol/L in males and females. In cross-sectional analyses, there was evidence of nonlinear associations between 25(OH)D and strength, for example, compared to males with 50 nmol/L circulating 25(OH)D, males with 75 nmol/L had 0.36 kg (0.31,0.40) stronger grip; males with 25 nmol/L had 1.01 kg (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.93, 1.08) weaker grip. In MR analyses, linear and nonlinear models fitted the data similarly well, for example, 25 nmol/L higher circulating 25(OH)D in males was associated with 0.25 kg (-0.05, 0.55) greater grip (regardless of initial 25(OH)D status). Results were similar, albeit weaker, for females. CONCLUSIONS Using two different methods to triangulate evidence, our findings suggest moderate to small causal links between circulating 25(OH)D and grip strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snehal M Pinto Pereira
- Institute of Sport, Exercise and Health, Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Thomas Norris
- Institute of Sport, Exercise and Health, Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - Stephen Burgess
- MRC Biostatistics Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Richard Dodds
- AGE Research Group, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle University and Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Avan A Sayer
- AGE Research Group, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle University and Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Sian M Robinson
- AGE Research Group, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle University and Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Rachel Cooper
- AGE Research Group, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle University and Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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25
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Kettig E, Kistler-Fischbacher M, de Godoi Rezende Costa Molino C, Bischoff-Ferrari HA, Frundi DS. Association of magnesium and vitamin D status with grip strength and fatigue in older adults: a 4-week observational study of geriatric participants undergoing rehabilitation. Aging Clin Exp Res 2023; 35:1619-1629. [PMID: 37285075 PMCID: PMC10245357 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-023-02450-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low magnesium and vitamin D levels negatively affect individuals' health. AIMS We aimed to investigate the association of magnesium status with grip strength and fatigue scores, and evaluate whether this association differs by vitamin D status among older participants undergoing geriatric rehabilitation. METHODS This is a 4-week observational study of participants aged ≥ 65 years undergoing rehabilitation. The outcomes were baseline grip strength and fatigue scores, and 4-week change from baseline in grip strength and fatigue scores. The exposures were baseline magnesium tertiles and achieved magnesium tertiles at week 4. Pre-defined subgroup analyses by vitamin D status (25[OH]D < 50 nmol/l = deficient) were performed. RESULTS At baseline, participants (N = 253, mean age 75.7 years, 49.4% women) in the first magnesium tertile had lower mean grip strength compared to participants in the third tertile (25.99 [95% CI 24.28-27.70] vs. 30.1 [95% CI 28.26-31.69] kg). Similar results were observed among vitamin D sufficient participants (25.54 [95% CI 22.65-28.43] kg in the first magnesium tertile vs. 30.91 [27.97-33.86] kg in the third tertile). This association was not significant among vitamin D deficient participants. At week 4, no significant associations were observed between achieved magnesium tertiles and change in grip strength, overall and by vitamin D status. For fatigue, no significant associations were observed. CONCLUSIONS Among older participants undergoing rehabilitation, magnesium status may be relevant for grip strength, particularly among vitamin D sufficient individuals. Magnesium status was not associated with fatigue, regardless of vitamin D status. STUDY REGISTRATION Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT03422263; registered February 5, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Kettig
- General Internal Medicine, Kantonsspital Winterthur, Winterthur, Switzerland.
- Department of Aging Medicine and Aging Research, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
- Center on Aging and Mobility, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich City Hospital Waid and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Melanie Kistler-Fischbacher
- Department of Aging Medicine and Aging Research, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Center on Aging and Mobility, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich City Hospital Waid and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Caroline de Godoi Rezende Costa Molino
- Department of Aging Medicine and Aging Research, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Center on Aging and Mobility, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich City Hospital Waid and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Heike A Bischoff-Ferrari
- Department of Aging Medicine and Aging Research, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Center on Aging and Mobility, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich City Hospital Waid and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- University Clinic for Aging Medicine, Zurich City Hospital Waid, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Devine Shimbagha Frundi
- Department of Aging Medicine and Aging Research, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Center on Aging and Mobility, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich City Hospital Waid and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Hôpital du Valais, Sion, Switzerland
- Berner Institut Für Hausarztmedizin, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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26
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Labata-Lezaun N, González-Rueda V, Llurda-Almuzara L, López-de-Celis C, Rodríguez-Sanz J, Cadellans-Arróniz A, Bosch J, Pérez-Bellmunt A. Correlation between Physical Performance and Tensiomyographic and Myotonometric Parameters in Older Adults. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2169. [PMID: 37570409 PMCID: PMC10418601 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11152169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To examine the correlation between physical performance and muscle strength and the variables obtained from tensiomyography and myotonometry. METHODS Fifty-two older adults able to complete functional tests participated in this observational study. Variables of maximal radial muscle displacement (Dm) and contraction time (Tc) (using tensiomyography) and muscle stiffness (using myotonometry) of the rectus femoris and vastus lateralis muscles were assessed. Physical performance (Short Physical Performance Battery, Timed Up and Go, Five Times Sit to Stand, and walking speed), isometric knee extension strength, and grip strength were assessed. A correlation analysis was performed between all the variables. RESULTS A significant correlation between the Short Physical Performance Battery and the rectus femoris (rho = 0.491) and vastus lateralis Dm (rho = 0.329) was found. Significant correlations between the Five Times Sit to Stand Test and the Dm values of the rectus femoris (rho = -0.340) and Dm (rho = -0.304), and stiffness (rho = -0.345) in the vastus lateralis, were also found. No significant correlations were found between tensiomyography and myotonometry, the Timed Up and Go, and walking speed, nor between tensiomyography and myotonometry and grip strength or isometric knee extension strength. CONCLUSIONS Functional tests should be prioritized in the assessment of older adults, but further research into muscle quality using technology is advisable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noé Labata-Lezaun
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, 08195 Sant Cugat del Vallès, Spain; (N.L.-L.); (J.R.-S.); (J.B.); (A.P.-B.)
- ACTIUM Functional Anatomy Group, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, 08195 Sant Cugat del Vallès, Spain; (V.G.-R.); (L.L.-A.)
| | - Vanessa González-Rueda
- ACTIUM Functional Anatomy Group, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, 08195 Sant Cugat del Vallès, Spain; (V.G.-R.); (L.L.-A.)
- Physiotherapy Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, 08195 Sant Cugat del Vallès, Spain;
- Fundació Institut Universitari per a la Recerca a l’Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), 08007 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Luis Llurda-Almuzara
- ACTIUM Functional Anatomy Group, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, 08195 Sant Cugat del Vallès, Spain; (V.G.-R.); (L.L.-A.)
- Physiotherapy Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, European University of Gasteiz—EUNEIZ, La Biosfera Ibilbidea, 6, 01013 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Carlos López-de-Celis
- ACTIUM Functional Anatomy Group, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, 08195 Sant Cugat del Vallès, Spain; (V.G.-R.); (L.L.-A.)
- Physiotherapy Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, 08195 Sant Cugat del Vallès, Spain;
- Fundació Institut Universitari per a la Recerca a l’Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), 08007 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jacobo Rodríguez-Sanz
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, 08195 Sant Cugat del Vallès, Spain; (N.L.-L.); (J.R.-S.); (J.B.); (A.P.-B.)
- ACTIUM Functional Anatomy Group, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, 08195 Sant Cugat del Vallès, Spain; (V.G.-R.); (L.L.-A.)
| | - Aida Cadellans-Arróniz
- Physiotherapy Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, 08195 Sant Cugat del Vallès, Spain;
| | - Joan Bosch
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, 08195 Sant Cugat del Vallès, Spain; (N.L.-L.); (J.R.-S.); (J.B.); (A.P.-B.)
| | - Albert Pérez-Bellmunt
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, 08195 Sant Cugat del Vallès, Spain; (N.L.-L.); (J.R.-S.); (J.B.); (A.P.-B.)
- ACTIUM Functional Anatomy Group, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, 08195 Sant Cugat del Vallès, Spain; (V.G.-R.); (L.L.-A.)
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Leknessund OG, Morelli VM, Hansen JB, Brækkan SK. Hand grip strength in venous thromboembolism: risk of recurrence and mortality. Res Pract Thromb Haemost 2023; 7:102138. [PMID: 37601029 PMCID: PMC10439395 DOI: 10.1016/j.rpth.2023.102138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background There is limited information on the relationship between muscle strength and recurrence and mortality after incident venous thromboembolism (VTE). Objectives To investigate whether weak hand grip strength (HGS) was associated with risk of recurrence and mortality in patients with VTE recruited from the general population. Methods Participants from the Tromsø Study with a first-time VTE (n = 545) were included, and all VTE recurrences and deaths among the participants were recorded in the period 1994 to 2020. Weak HGS was defined as lowest 25th percentile of the general population, and incidence rates for VTE recurrence and mortality according to weak vs normal (>25th percentile) HGS, with 95% CIs, were estimated. Results There were 90 recurrences and 350 deaths during a median of 3.7 years of follow-up. The fully adjusted hazard ratio (HR) for overall VTE recurrence for those with weak HGS vs those with normal HGS was 2.02 (95% CI, 1.23-3.30). The corresponding HRs for recurrence were 2.22 (95% CI, 1.18-4.17) in patients with a first deep vein thrombosis and 1.60 (95% CI, 0.72-3.57) in patients with a first pulmonary embolism. The cumulative 1-year survival was 74.9% and 77.8% in those with weak and normal HGS, respectively. For overall mortality after incident VTE, the fully adjusted HR for those with weak HGS was 1.34 (95% CI, 1.04-1.72). Conclusion Weak HGS was associated with an increased risk of recurrent VTE, and the association appeared to be particularly pronounced after incident deep vein thrombosis. There was a slightly lower survival probability among those with weak HGS than among those with normal HGS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oda G.R. Leknessund
- Thrombosis Research Group, Department of Clinical Medicine, UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Vania M. Morelli
- Thrombosis Research Group, Department of Clinical Medicine, UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- Division of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - John-Bjarne Hansen
- Thrombosis Research Group, Department of Clinical Medicine, UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- Division of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Sigrid K. Brækkan
- Thrombosis Research Group, Department of Clinical Medicine, UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- Division of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
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Huang C, Nihey F, Ihara K, Fukushi K, Kajitani H, Nozaki Y, Nakahara K. Healthcare Application of In-Shoe Motion Sensor for Older Adults: Frailty Assessment Using Foot Motion during Gait. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:5446. [PMID: 37420613 DOI: 10.3390/s23125446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
Frailty poses a threat to the daily lives of healthy older adults, highlighting the urgent need for technologies that can monitor and prevent its progression. Our objective is to demonstrate a method for providing long-term daily frailty monitoring using an in-shoe motion sensor (IMS). We undertook two steps to achieve this goal. Firstly, we used our previously established SPM-LOSO-LASSO (SPM: statistical parametric mapping; LOSO: leave-one-subject-out; LASSO: least absolute shrinkage and selection operator) algorithm to construct a lightweight and interpretable hand grip strength (HGS) estimation model for an IMS. This algorithm automatically identified novel and significant gait predictors from foot motion data and selected optimal features to construct the model. We also tested the robustness and effectiveness of the model by recruiting other groups of subjects. Secondly, we designed an analog frailty risk score that combined the performance of the HGS and gait speed with the aid of the distribution of HGS and gait speed of the older Asian population. We then compared the effectiveness of our designed score with the clinical expert-rated score. We discovered new gait predictors for HGS estimation via IMSs and successfully constructed a model with an "excellent" intraclass correlation coefficient and high precision. Moreover, we tested the model on separately recruited subjects, which confirmed the robustness of our model for other older individuals. The designed frailty risk score also had a large effect size correlation with clinical expert-rated scores. In conclusion, IMS technology shows promise for long-term daily frailty monitoring, which can help prevent or manage frailty for older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenhui Huang
- Biometrics Research Labs, NEC Corporation, Hinode 1131, Abiko 270-1198, Chiba, Japan
| | - Fumiyuki Nihey
- Biometrics Research Labs, NEC Corporation, Hinode 1131, Abiko 270-1198, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kazuki Ihara
- Biometrics Research Labs, NEC Corporation, Hinode 1131, Abiko 270-1198, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Fukushi
- Biometrics Research Labs, NEC Corporation, Hinode 1131, Abiko 270-1198, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kajitani
- Biometrics Research Labs, NEC Corporation, Hinode 1131, Abiko 270-1198, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Nozaki
- Biometrics Research Labs, NEC Corporation, Hinode 1131, Abiko 270-1198, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kentaro Nakahara
- Biometrics Research Labs, NEC Corporation, Hinode 1131, Abiko 270-1198, Chiba, Japan
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29
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Iwasaka C, Yamada Y, Nishida Y, Hara M, Yasukata J, Miyoshi N, Shimanoe C, Nanri H, Furukawa T, Koga K, Horita M, Higaki Y, Tanaka K. Association of appendicular extracellular-to-intracellular water ratio with age, muscle strength, and physical activity in 8,018 community-dwelling middle-aged and older adults. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2023; 108:104931. [PMID: 36701946 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2023.104931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The appendicular extracellular-to-intracellular water ratio (Ap ECW/ICW) has recently gained attention as a non-invasive measurable marker of muscle quality. However, there is a lack of basic evidence regarding age-related changes, sex differences, contribution to muscle strength independent of skeletal muscle mass (SMM), and potential improvement through physical activity (PA) in Ap ECW/ICW. METHODS This cross-sectional study enrolled 8,018 middle-aged and older Japanese individuals (aged 45-75 years). The Ap ECW/ICW and SMM were measured using segmental bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy. Muscle strength was evaluated by measuring the handgrip strength (HGS) with a dynamometer, and the PA level (PAL) was measured with an accelerometer. We performed a linear regression analysis of the associations of the Ap ECW/ICW with age, HGS, and PAL. RESULTS The Ap ECW/ICW increased by 0.019 for men and 0.014 for women per 5-year increase in age (p < 0.001), and the age-related increase was greater in men than in women (p for interaction <0.001). The Ap ECW/ICW was more strongly associated with the HGS than with the SMM in both men and women (p < 0.001). PAL showed a significant inverse association with the Ap ECW/ICW in both men and women (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Ap ECW/ICW is higher with age, and it varies by sex. The Ap ECW/ICW may reflect muscle strength more than the SMM, suggesting that the Ap ECW/ICW may be improved by PA. The findings from this study may provide a framework for further Ap ECW/ICW research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiharu Iwasaka
- Department of Physical Activity Research, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan.
| | - Yosuke Yamada
- Department of Physical Activity Research, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Nishida
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Megumi Hara
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Jun Yasukata
- Department of Sports and Health Sciences, Faculty of Human Sciences, University of East Asia, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Miyoshi
- Department of Childhood Care Education, Seika Women's Junior College, Fukuoka, Japan
| | | | - Hinako Nanri
- Department of Physical Activity Research, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan; Laboratory of Gut Microbiome for Health, Collaborative Research Center for Health and Medicine, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takuma Furukawa
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Kayoko Koga
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Mikako Horita
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Yasuki Higaki
- Laboratory of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sports and Health Science, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Keitaro Tanaka
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
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Zhou P, Zhang W, Kim Y, Meng H. Effects of Low- and High-Frequency Cardiac Rehabilitation on Risk Factors, Physical Fitness and Quality of Life in Middle-Aged Women with Coronary Heart Disease. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13040550. [PMID: 37110208 PMCID: PMC10143020 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13040550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is a system that comprehensively manages risk factors to reduce the recurrence rate after cardiovascular disease treatment. This study compared the effects of home-based low-frequency CR (1-2 times/week) and center-based high-frequency CR (3-5 times/week) for 12 weeks. This study was conducted as an observational case-control study. Ninety women, ages 45 to 60, who underwent coronary artery stenting were enrolled. Measurement variables were waist circumference, body mass index (BMI), blood pressure (BP), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC), triglycerides (TG), glucose, VO2 peak, body composition, and quality of life. Significant changes were observed in systolic BP, TC, LDLC, TG, VO2 peak, exercise duration, and quality of life in both groups. However, BMI, waist circumference, body fat percentage, HDLC, and blood glucose only exhibited significant changes with HFT. The interaction effects according to time and group were as follows: systolic BP, waist circumference, body fat, BMI, HDLC, and glucose (p < 0.05). Therefore, in CR participants, HFT improved more than LFT on obesity factors, HDLC, and glucose change. As well as center-based HFT, home-based LFT also improved risk factors for cardiovascular disease, fitness, and quality of life. For female patients who have difficulty visiting the CR center frequently, home-based LFT may be a CR program that can be presented as an alternative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhou
- Department of Physical Education, General Graduate School, Yongin University, Yongin 17092, Republic of Korea
| | - Wangyang Zhang
- School of Physical Education, Main Campus, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yonghwan Kim
- Department of Physical Education, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung 25457, Republic of Korea
| | - Huan Meng
- Department of Physical Education, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung 25457, Republic of Korea
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31
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Coelho-Júnior HJ, Calvani R, Picca A, Tosato M, Landi F, Marzetti E. Engagement in Aerobic Exercise Is Associated with a Reduced Prevalence of Sarcopenia and Severe Sarcopenia in Italian Older Adults. J Pers Med 2023; 13:jpm13040655. [PMID: 37109041 PMCID: PMC10144721 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13040655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study was conducted to test the association between adherence to specific exercise modalities and sarcopenia severity in Italian older adults. Data were collected as part of the ongoing Longevity Check-Up 7+ (Lookup 7+) project. Lookup 7+ began in June 2015 and has since been conducted in unconventional settings (e.g., exhibitions, malls, social events) throughout Italy. In the present study, we used data on adults 65 years and older. Sarcopenia was identified according to the simultaneous presence of dynapenia and low appendicular muscle mass. Muscle strength was measured by isometric handgrip and sit-to-stand (STS) testing. Sarcopenia was categorized as severe if participants reported difficulty or inability to walk 400 m. Engagement in running and/or swimming (RS) or strength training with or without stretching (SS) was used to define exercise modalities. Analyses were conducted in 3289 participants (mean age: 72.7 ± 5.7 years; 1814 women). The results of the binary regression showed negative associations between RS and the presence of STS-based sarcopenia in women, and between RS and STS-based severe sarcopenia in men. Collectively, these findings indicate that RS is negatively associated with the presence of sarcopenia in large sample of relatively unselected Italian older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélio José Coelho-Júnior
- Department of Geriatrics and Orthopedics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Riccardo Calvani
- Department of Geriatrics and Orthopedics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Picca
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, LUM University, 70100 Casamassima, Italy
| | - Matteo Tosato
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Landi
- Department of Geriatrics and Orthopedics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Emanuele Marzetti
- Department of Geriatrics and Orthopedics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
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32
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Coletta G, Phillips SM. An elusive consensus definition of sarcopenia impedes research and clinical treatment: A narrative review. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 86:101883. [PMID: 36792012 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.101883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
The definition of sarcopenia, the age-related loss of muscle mass, has evolved since the term's inception and yet there is no consensus. Many of the identified definitions of sarcopenia centre their criteria around the loss of muscle mass, loss of function, and weakness. Common variables to various definitions of sarcopenia are appendicular lean soft tissue mass (often called muscle mass), grip strength, and gait speed. However, a lack of consensus remains among operational definitions and diagnostics for this newly recognized disease and may be attributed to the absence of appropriate tools that accurately measure the outcomes of interest, such as skeletal muscle instead of lean mass. In this narrative review, we describe the evolution of the consensus groups' definition of sarcopenia, address the need for more accurate measures of muscle mass and function, and effective, low-cost treatments (i.e., resistance training and diet) for this disease. Consensus on what constitutes sarcopenia is critical to propel research in the field and, importantly, provide what prognostic value a sarcopenia diagnosis provides and how such a patient would be treated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Coletta
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Ivor Wynne Centre, E210, 1280, Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada.
| | - Stuart M Phillips
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Ivor Wynne Centre, E210, 1280, Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada.
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33
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Rozanski A, Sakul S, Narula J, Uretsky S, Lavie CJ, Berman D. Assessment of lifestyle-related risk factors enhances the effectiveness of cardiac stress testing. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2023; 77:95-106. [PMID: 36931544 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcad.2023.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac stress tests have been widely utilized since the 1960s for the diagnostic and prognostic assessment of patients with suspected coronary artery disease (CAD). Clinical risk is primarily based on assessing the presence and magnitude of inducible myocardial ischemia. However, the primary factors driving mortality risk have changed over recent decades. Factors such as typical angina and inducible ischemia have decreased, whereas the percentage of patients with diabetes, obesity and hypertension have increased. There has also been a marked temporal increase in the percentage of patients who require pharmacologic testing due to inability to perform treadmill exercise at the time of cardiac stress testing and this need has emerged as the most potent predictor of mortality risk in contemporary stress test populations. However, the long-term clinical risk posed by the inability to perform exercise and concomitant CAD risk factors are rarely reflected in the assessment of patients' prognostic risk in cardiac stress test reports. In this review, we suggest that the clinical utility of present-day cardiac stress testing can be improved by developing a more comprehensive assessment that integrates and reports all factors which modulate patients' long-term clinical risk following stress testing. This should include assessment of patients' CAD risk factors, physical activity habits and mobility risks, identification of the reasons why patients could not exercise at the time of cardiac stress testing. In addition, the assessment of four core non-aerobic functional parameters should be considered among patients who cannot exercise: assessment of gait speed, handgrip strength, lower extremity strength, and standing balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan Rozanski
- Department of Cardiology, Mount Sinai Morningside Hospital, Mount Sinai Heart, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America.
| | - Sakul Sakul
- Department of Cardiology, Mount Sinai Morningside Hospital, Mount Sinai Heart, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Jagat Narula
- Department of Cardiology, Mount Sinai Morningside Hospital, Mount Sinai Heart, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Seth Uretsky
- Morristown Medical Center, Morristown, NJ, United States of America
| | - Carl J Lavie
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, John Ochsner Heart and Vascular Institute, Ochsner Clinical School-the UQ School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States of America
| | - Daniel Berman
- Departments of Imaging and Medicine, Burns and Allen Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
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Luo L, Xu J, Jiang R, Yao B, Di J. Association between serum copper, zinc and their ratio and handgrip strength among adults: a study from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2014. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:29100-29109. [PMID: 36402884 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23998-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Evidence for the association between serum copper and zinc status and handgrip strength is very limited only in several observational studies with study participants of specific population or a narrower age range. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between serum copper, zinc and their ratio and handgrip strength in the general population. This study included adult participants aged 20-80 years with complete data of serum copper and zinc status and handgrip strength from NHANES 2011-2014. Handgrip strength was calculated as the average of the maximum measure obtained in each hand with a grip strength dynamometer and corrected using BMI. Serum copper and zinc levels were measured using inductively coupled plasma dynamic reaction cell mass spectrometry, and their ratios were calculated. The multivariable linear regression and restricted cubic spline models were used. Serum copper level was inversely associated with BMI-corrected handgrip strength, and the beta coefficients (95% confidence intervals) comparing the second, third, and fourth to the lowest quartiles of serum copper level were - 0.17 kg (- 0.26; - 0.08), - 0.22 kg (- 0.32; - 0.13), and - 0.36 kg (- 0.44; - 0.28), respectively (P for trend < 0.001). Non-linear association was detected between serum copper level and BMI-corrected handgrip strength (P < 0.01). Consistent with serum copper, serum copper/zinc ratio was inversely associated with BMI-corrected handgrip strength. However, no significant associations were observed between serum zinc level and BMI-corrected handgrip strength (all P > 0.05). Higher serum copper level and copper/zinc ratios were significantly associated with lower handgrip strength. Further research is needed to address related issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Luo
- Hospital Management Research Center, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China
- Center for Hospital Management Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University China Hospital Development Institute, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Jumi Xu
- Center for Hospital Management Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University China Hospital Development Institute, Shanghai, 200233, China
- Department of Performance Management, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Ruo Jiang
- Center for Hospital Management Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University China Hospital Development Institute, Shanghai, 200233, China
- Department of Medical Affairs, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Baodong Yao
- Department of Performance Management, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Jianzhong Di
- Center for Hospital Management Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University China Hospital Development Institute, Shanghai, 200233, China.
- Hospital Office, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China.
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Naito T, Suzuki Y, Yamasue K, Saito K, Umemura M, Kojima N, Kim H, Osuka Y, Ishikawa Y, Tochikubo O. Relationship between Cognitive Function and Sway of Body in Standing Posture: A Cross-Sectional Study. Geriatrics (Basel) 2023; 8:geriatrics8020029. [PMID: 36960984 PMCID: PMC10037616 DOI: 10.3390/geriatrics8020029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The influence of neurological or balance dysfunction on cognitive impairment has not been well studied. We compared the results of the balance test, measured by either head or foot sway to consider whole body sway, with those of the cognitive impairment test. METHODS Individuals of either gender, aged over 60 years, underwent a 30 s balance test. We measured sway while standing on one-leg or two-legs. Sway was evaluated by the distance or area of movement of the head or foot pressure. We also evaluated the effect of visual condition: eyes-open (EO) or -closed (EC). The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) was used to evaluate the degree of cognitive impairment. RESULTS The head sway area standing on one leg was significantly correlated to MMSE score with EO (correlation r = -0.462). In standing on two legs, no sway test results showed a significant correlation to MMSE scores with EO. With EC, the magnitude of sway became greater, and was significantly correlated to MMSE scores in the head distance. CONCLUSION Although the correlation between head sway and MMSE was not strong, head sway showed a stronger correlation than did foot pressure sway. Standing on one leg, as measured by head sway area, may thus predict cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takao Naito
- Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
| | - Yume Suzuki
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama 232-0024, Japan
| | - Kotaro Yamasue
- Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
| | - Kyoko Saito
- Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
| | - Masanari Umemura
- Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
| | - Narumi Kojima
- Research Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
| | - Hunkyung Kim
- Research Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
| | - Yosuke Osuka
- Research Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Ishikawa
- Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
| | - Osamu Tochikubo
- Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
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D'Onofrio G, Kirschner J, Prather H, Goldman D, Rozanski A. Musculoskeletal exercise: Its role in promoting health and longevity. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2023; 77:25-36. [PMID: 36841491 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcad.2023.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
Abstract
Resistance training (RT) is an often ignored but essential component of physical health.. The functioning of the musculoskeletal system declines with age, resulting in sarcopenia, loss of muscle strength and power, decrease in muscle flexibility and balance. Other pertinent age-related changes include decline in basal metabolic rate, increase in fat mass, and decrease in bone mineral density. Such primary aging can be accentuated by the concomitant presence of comorbid conditions, such as insulin resistance and diabetes, obesity, inflammatory conditions, and physical inactivity (PI). The latter is often promoted by the presence of musculoskeletal conditions, such as osteoarthritis, back pain, and osteoporosis, which are quite common in society. RT can diminish long-term joint stress, "resist" age-related physiological deterioration and improve health outcomes through its ability to increase muscle strength and mass, balance the distribution of forces within a joint, increase basal metabolic rate and bone density, reduce body fat and cardiac risk factors, enhance endothelial function, and promote cognitive function and psychological well-being. Accordingly, health providers should screen for PI, lack of RT, and mobility risks using short screening questions, and employ simple functional tests, when indicated, to evaluate patients for impairment in gait, muscle strength, flexibility, and balance. This review also provides general principles for initiating and conducting RT and provides general and specific examples of resistance training programs, which should be individualized for patients through the evaluation and guidance by appropriate health providers, physical therapists, and certified trainers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerard D'Onofrio
- Physiatry Department, Hospital for Special Surgery, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, NY, New York, United States of America
| | - Jonathan Kirschner
- Physiatry Department, Hospital for Special Surgery, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, NY, New York, United States of America
| | - Heidi Prather
- Physiatry Department, Hospital for Special Surgery, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, NY, New York, United States of America
| | | | - Alan Rozanski
- Division of Cardiology, Mount Sinai Morningside Hospital, Mount Sinai Heart, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY, New York, United States of America.
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Cacciatore S, Calvani R, Marzetti E, Picca A, Coelho-Júnior HJ, Martone AM, Massaro C, Tosato M, Landi F. Low Adherence to Mediterranean Diet Is Associated with Probable Sarcopenia in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: Results from the Longevity Check-Up (Lookup) 7+ Project. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15041026. [PMID: 36839385 PMCID: PMC9959184 DOI: 10.3390/nu15041026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Muscle strength is a relevant metric of aging. Greater adherence to Mediterranean diet is associated with better health outcomes across all life stages; however, evidence on the relationship between Mediterranean diet and muscle strength in older adults is inconclusive. In this study, we evaluated the relationship between adherence to Mediterranean diet and handgrip strength in a large sample of community-dwelling older adults from the Longevity Check-up 7+ project. A total of 2963 participants (mean age 72.8 ± 5.7 years; 54.4% women) were analyzed. Mediterranean diet adherence was evaluated using a modified Medi-Lite score and categorized as low (≤8), good (9 to 11), or high (≥12). Handgrip strength was categorized as normal or low according to cut-points by the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People 2. Older adults with lower Mediterranean diet adherence had a significantly higher prevalence of probable sarcopenia (25.9%) than those with good (19.1%) or high (15.5%) adherence. The proportion of participants with probable sarcopenia increased with age, but it remained lower in the good and high adherence groups. Logistic regression showed that greater Mediterranean diet adherence was associated with a lower risk of probable sarcopenia. Older age, female sex, and physical inactivity were associated with a greater risk of probable sarcopenia. Our findings emphasize the positive association between healthy lifestyles, including adherence to Mediterranean diet, and physical function in old age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Cacciatore
- Department of Geriatrics and Orthopedics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Riccardo Calvani
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli” IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Emanuele Marzetti
- Department of Geriatrics and Orthopedics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli” IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-06-3015-5669
| | - Anna Picca
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli” IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, LUM University, 70100 Casamassima, Italy
| | - Hélio José Coelho-Júnior
- Department of Geriatrics and Orthopedics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Martone
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli” IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Massaro
- Department of Geriatrics and Orthopedics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Matteo Tosato
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli” IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Landi
- Department of Geriatrics and Orthopedics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli” IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
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Tavares Junior AC, Silva HS, Penedo T, do Amaral Rocha LGS, da Silva AS, Venditti Junior R, Dos-Santos JW. Correlation of the Handgrip Strength and Body Composition Parameters in Young Judokas. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:2707. [PMID: 36768073 PMCID: PMC9915156 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20032707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Maximum isometric handgrip strength (MIHS) is a relevant parameter for judo performance and is related to health. Understanding the association between MIHS and MIHS relative (MIHSrel) and the absolute lean mass of the arm (LMarm) and the percentage of body fat (%BF) can provide important information for performance and health. The study aimed to investigate the correlation between MIHS and MIHSrel with the LMarm and the %BF of young judokas (sub-19, 15 males and 14 females). MIHS was measured using a multipurpose digital dynamometer with a load cell for computer. Body composition was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). The correlation between MIHS, MIHSrel with LMarm and %BF was verified through Pearson's correlation, with a significance level of p < 0.05. Correlation between MIHSrel and %BF was very high only in female judokas for both arms (right, r = -0.76; left, r = -0.75). Correlations between LMarm and MIHS of the right and left arms ranged from very high to almost perfect for both sexes (r = 0.74 to 0.94). These results highlight the importance of strengthening the arms in young judokas, and controlling body fat for performance and health, especially in female judokas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Carlos Tavares Junior
- Postgraduate Program in Movement Sciences, São Paulo State University—UNESP, Bauru 17033-360, SP, Brazil
- Laboratory and Research Group on Physiology Applied to Sports Training—FITES, Bauru 17033-360, SP, Brazil
| | - Henrique Santos Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Movement Sciences, São Paulo State University—UNESP, Bauru 17033-360, SP, Brazil
- Laboratory and Research Group on Physiology Applied to Sports Training—FITES, Bauru 17033-360, SP, Brazil
| | - Tiago Penedo
- Postgraduate Program in Movement Sciences, São Paulo State University—UNESP, Bauru 17033-360, SP, Brazil
- Human Movement Research Laboratory—MOVI-LAB, Bauru 17033-360, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Alexsandro Santos da Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Movement Sciences, São Paulo State University—UNESP, Bauru 17033-360, SP, Brazil
- Laboratory and Research Group on Physiology Applied to Sports Training—FITES, Bauru 17033-360, SP, Brazil
| | - Rubens Venditti Junior
- Postgraduate Program in Human Development and Technologies, São Paulo State University—UNESP, Rio Claro 13506-900, SP, Brazil
- Department of Physical Education, School of Sciences, São Paulo State University—UNESP, Bauru 17033-360, SP, Brazil
| | - Júlio Wilson Dos-Santos
- Postgraduate Program in Movement Sciences, São Paulo State University—UNESP, Bauru 17033-360, SP, Brazil
- Laboratory and Research Group on Physiology Applied to Sports Training—FITES, Bauru 17033-360, SP, Brazil
- Department of Physical Education, School of Sciences, São Paulo State University—UNESP, Bauru 17033-360, SP, Brazil
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Xu T, Li X, Wang D, Zhang Y, Zhang Q, Yan J, Jiang J, Liu W, Chen J. Hand grip strength should be normalized by weight not height for eliminating the influence of individual differences: Findings from a cross-sectional study of 1,511 healthy undergraduates. Front Nutr 2023; 9:1063939. [PMID: 36741997 PMCID: PMC9890066 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1063939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hand grip strength (HGS) is a fast, useful, and inexpensive outcome predictor of nutritional status and muscular function assessment. Numerous demographic and anthropometric factors were reported to be associated with HGS, while which one or several factors produce greater variations in HGS has not been discussed in detail. This is important for answering how should HGS be normalized for eliminating the influence of individual differences in clinical practice. Aims To compare the contribution of age, sex, height, weight, and forearm circumference (FCF) to variations in HGS based on a large-scale sample. Methods We enrolled 1,511 healthy undergraduate students aged 18-23 years. Age, weight, height, and sex were obtained. HGS was measured using a digital hand dynamometer, and FCF was measured at the point of greatest circumference using a soft ruler in both hands. Pearson's or Spearman's correlation coefficients were calculated with data of women and men separated and mixed for comparison. Partial correlation analysis and multivariate linear regression were used to compare the effect of variables on HGS. Results Analysis results confirmed the correlates of higher HGS include higher height, heavier weight, being men and dominant hand, and larger FCF. The correlation between HGS and FCF was the highest, and the bivariate correlation coefficient between weight and HGS was largerata of women and men were mixed, than that between height and HGS. When data of women and men were mixed, there were moderate correlations between HGS and height and weight (r = 0.633∼0.682). However, when data were separated, there were weak correlations (r = 0.246∼0.391). Notably, partial correlation analysis revealed no significant correlation between height and HGS after eliminating the weight effect, while the correlation between weight and HGS was still significant after eliminating the height effect. Multivariate linear regression analyses revealed sex was the most significant contributor to the variation in HGS (Beta = -0.541 and -0.527), followed by weight (Beta = 0.243 and 0.261) and height (Beta = 0.102 and 0.103). Conclusion HGS and FCF reference values of healthy college students were provided. Weight was more correlate with hand grip strength, at least among the healthy undergraduates. Clinical trial registration http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=165914, identifier ChiCTR2200058586.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taojin Xu
- School of Advanced Manufacturing Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China,Key Laboratory of Big Data Intelligent Computing, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China
| | - Xu Li
- College of Physical Education, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China
| | - Dingfang Wang
- School of Advanced Manufacturing Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- School of Advanced Manufacturing Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China
| | - Qinghua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Big Data Intelligent Computing, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China,*Correspondence: Qinghua Zhang,
| | - Jianyin Yan
- School of Advanced Manufacturing Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China
| | - Junhao Jiang
- School of Advanced Manufacturing Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China
| | - Wenbin Liu
- School of Advanced Manufacturing Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China
| | - Jing Chen
- The Fifth People’s Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
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Suzuki K, Morishita S, Nakano J, Okayama T, Inoue J, Tanaka T, Fukushima T. Neurological Outcomes of Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy in Patients With Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Integr Cancer Ther 2023; 22:15347354231185110. [PMID: 37822238 PMCID: PMC10571681 DOI: 10.1177/15347354231185110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine whether chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) affects the risk of falls and physical function in patients with cancer. METHODS A literature search was conducted in the CINAHL, Scopus, and PubMed databases for articles published from January 1950 to April 2022. Seven review authors retrieved studies using predetermined eligibility criteria, extracted the data, and evaluated the quality. RESULTS Nine studies were included in the analysis. Patients with CIPN had a significantly higher risk of falls than those without CIPN (risk ratio = 1.38, 95% confidence interval [CI] =1.18-1.62). Patients with CIPN had lower grip strength (standardized mean difference [SMD] =-0.42, 95% CIs = -0.70 to -0.14, P = .003), longer chair stand time (SMD = 0.56, 95% CIs = -0.01 to 1.17, P = .05), worse timed up and go test time (SMD = 0.79, 95% CIs = 0.41 to 1.17, P < .0001), and lower mean Fullerton Advanced Balance scale score (SMD = -0.81, 95% CIs = -1.27 to -0.36, P = .005) than patients without CIPN. There were no significant differences in gait speed (P = .38) or Activities-specific Balance Confidence Scale score (P = .09) between patients with and without CIPN. CONCLUSIONS This systematic review and meta-analysis demonstrated that patients with CIPN are prone to falls and impaired balance function and muscle strength.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Junichiro Inoue
- Kobe University Hospital International Clinical Cancer Research Center, Kobe, Japan
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Chen Y, Ruan GT, Shi JY, Liu T, Liu CA, Xie HL, Song MM, Wang ZW, Hu CL, Zhang HY, Zhang XW, Tian HY, Ge YZ, Yang M, Liu YY, Lin SQ, Liu XY, Zheng X, Wang KH, Cong MH, Shen X, Wang X, Deng L, Shi HP. The combination of hand grip strength and modified Glasgow prognostic score predicts clinical outcomes in patients with liver cancer. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1062117. [PMID: 36923698 PMCID: PMC10008921 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1062117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Previous studies have shown that both hand grip strength (HGS) and the modified Glasgow Prognostic Score (mGPS) are associated with poor clinical outcomes in patients with liver cancer. In spite of this, no relevant studies have been conducted to determine whether the combination of HGS and mGPS can predict the prognosis of patients with liver cancer. Accordingly, this study sought to explore this possibility. Methods This was a multicenter study of patients with liver cancer. Based on the optimal HGS cutoff value for each sex, we determined the HGS cutoff values. The patients were divided into high and low HGS groups based on their HGS scores. An mGPS of 0 was defined as low mGPS, whereas scores higher than 0 were defined as high mGPS. The patients were combined into HGS-mGPS groups for the prediction of survival. Survival analysis was performed using Kaplan-Meier curves. A Cox regression model was designed and adjusted for confounders. To evaluate the nomogram model, receiver operating characteristic curves and calibration curves were used. Results A total of 504 patients were enrolled in this study. Of these, 386 (76.6%) were men (mean [SD] age, 56.63 [12.06] years). Multivariate analysis revealed that patients with low HGS and high mGPS had a higher risk of death than those with neither low HGS nor high mGPS (hazard ratio [HR],1.50; 95% confidence interval [CI],1.14-1.98; p = 0.001 and HR, 1.55; 95% CI, 1.14-2.12, p = 0.001 respectively). Patients with both low HGS and high mGPS had 2.35-fold increased risk of death (HR, 2.35; 95% CI, 1.52-3.63; p < 0.001). The area under the curve of HGS-mGPS was 0.623. The calibration curve demonstrated the validity of the HGS-mGPS nomogram model for predicting the survival of patients with liver cancer. Conclusion A combination of low HGS and high mGPS is associated with poor prognosis in patients with liver cancer. The combination of HGS and mGPS can predict the prognosis of liver cancer more accurately than HGS or mGPS alone. The nomogram model developed in this study can effectively predict the survival outcomes of liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Beijing, China
| | - Guo-Tian Ruan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Beijing, China
| | - Jin-Yu Shi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Beijing, China
| | - Tong Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Beijing, China
| | - Chen-An Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Beijing, China
| | - Hai-Lun Xie
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Beijing, China
| | - Meng-Meng Song
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Beijing, China
| | - Zi-Wen Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Beijing, China
| | - Chun-Lei Hu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Beijing, China
| | - He-Yang Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Wei Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Beijing, China
| | - Hai-Ying Tian
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Beijing, China
| | - Yi-Zhong Ge
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Ying Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Beijing, China
| | - Shi-Qi Lin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Yue Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Zheng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Beijing, China
| | - Kun-Hua Wang
- Clinical Medical College, Yunnan University, Kunming, China.,General Surgery Clinical Medical Center of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
| | - Ming-Hua Cong
- Comprehensive Oncology Department, National Cancer Center, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xian Shen
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Beijing, China
| | - Li Deng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Beijing, China
| | - Han-Ping Shi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Beijing, China
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Cheng KYK, Bao Z, Long Y, Liu C, Huang T, Cui C, Chow SKH, Wong RMY, Cheung WH. Sarcopenia and Ageing. Subcell Biochem 2023; 103:95-120. [PMID: 37120466 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-26576-1_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
Musculoskeletal ageing is a major health challenge as muscles and bones constitute around 55-60% of body weight. Ageing muscles will result in sarcopenia that is characterized by progressive and generalized loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength with a risk of adverse outcomes. In recent years, a few consensus panels provide new definitions for sarcopenia. It was officially recognized as a disease in 2016 with an ICD-10-CM disease code, M62.84, in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD). With the new definitions, there are many studies emerging to investigate the pathogenesis of sarcopenia, exploring new interventions to treat sarcopenia and evaluating the efficacy of combination treatments for sarcopenia. The scope of this chapter is to summarize and appraise the evidence in terms of (1) clinical signs, symptoms, screening, and diagnosis, (2) pathogenesis of sarcopenia with emphasis on mitochondrial dysfunction, intramuscular fat infiltration and neuromuscular junction deterioration, and (3) current treatments with regard to physical exercises and nutritional supplement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith Yu-Kin Cheng
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhengyuan Bao
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Division of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Yufeng Long
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chaoran Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tao Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Can Cui
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Simon Kwoon-Ho Chow
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ronald Man Yeung Wong
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wing-Hoi Cheung
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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Isidorio UDA, de Assis EV, Lacerda SNB, Feitosa ADNA, Alves BDCA, Gascón T, da Veiga GL, Fonseca FLA. Relationship between Lifestyle and Residence Area with 25(OH)D Levels in Older Adults. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 20:407. [PMID: 36612728 PMCID: PMC9819462 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20010407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate whether the habitat of older adults living in the urban and rural areas is a contributing factor to altered serum 25(OH)D levels. An analytical, cross-sectional research with a quantitative approach was conducted in the upper backwoods of Paraíba with older adults registered at the Reference Center for Social Assistance (CRAS), addressing residents of both rural area (n = 41) and urban area (n = 43) who were randomly chosen to participate in the study. Data collection took place between January and February 2020. Higher rates of handgrip strength were observed in rural older adults (29.22 ± 8.92 Kgf) with serum 25(OH)D levels in the range of 30 to 40 ng/mL when compared to older adults with concentrations below 30 ng/mL (21.82 ± 5.00 Kgf) and above 40 ng/mL (23.47 ± 6.88 Kgf). Older people living in the urban area, with 25(OH)D levels above 40 ng/mL, presented a lower muscle power index when compared to individuals with vitamin levels from 21 to 29 ng/mL (17.40 ± 6.34 s; 15.33 ± 2.00 s). The urbanization associated with 25(OH)D levels can cause changes in skeletal and respiratory muscle strength, because the habitat associated with 25(OH)D levels affects the parameters of muscle strength of the upper limbs for older adults living in a rural area and the muscle strength of the lower limbs for those living in an urban area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ubiraídys de Andrade Isidorio
- Departamento de Ciências da Saúde, Faculdade Santa Maria de Cajazeiras, Cajazeiras 58900-000, Brazil
- Laboratório de Análises Clínicas, Centro Universitário FMABC, Santo André 09060-870, Brazil
| | - Elisangela Vilar de Assis
- Departamento de Ciências da Saúde, Faculdade Santa Maria de Cajazeiras, Cajazeiras 58900-000, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Thais Gascón
- Laboratório de Análises Clínicas, Centro Universitário FMABC, Santo André 09060-870, Brazil
| | | | - Fernando Luiz Affonso Fonseca
- Laboratório de Análises Clínicas, Centro Universitário FMABC, Santo André 09060-870, Brazil
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Diadema 09972-270, Brazil
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Validation of grip strength as a measure of frailty in rheumatoid arthritis. Sci Rep 2022; 12:21090. [PMID: 36473872 PMCID: PMC9727132 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-21533-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients often exhibit finger/wrist joint symptoms and reduced grip strength. This study aimed to validate grip strength as a measure of frailty in RA patients. Subjects were 424 female RA patients (mean age ± standard deviation, 66.8 ± 14.5 years). Frailty was defined as a score of ≥ 8 points on the Kihon Checklist (KCL). Finger/wrist joint symptoms were defined based on tender or swollen joints. Associations between frailty and grip strength were determined using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and multivariable logistic regression analysis. There were 179 subjects with frailty (42.2%). Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that frailty was significantly associated with grip strength independently of finger/wrist joint symptoms. In ROC curves, cut-off scores of grip strength for frailty in subjects without and with finger/wrist joint symptoms were 17 kg (sensitivity, 62.1%; specificity, 69.0%) and 14 kg (sensitivity, 63.2%; specificity, 73.0%), respectively. The results of the present study suggest that grip strength in female RA patients is associated with frailty, with a cut-off score of 17 kg (equivalent to Cardiovascular Health Study criteria, < 18 kg) when RA patients have no finger/wrist joint symptoms. However, when RA patients have finger/wrist joint symptoms, it may be considered to reduce the cut-off score of grip strength.
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Ohta T, Nagashima J, Fukuda W, Sasai H, Ishii N. Association of Knee Extensor Muscle Strength and Cardiorespiratory Fitness With Bone Stiffness in Japanese Adults: A Cross-sectional Study. J Epidemiol 2022; 32:543-550. [PMID: 33840650 PMCID: PMC9643791 DOI: 10.2188/jea.je20200581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Knee extensor muscle strength and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) are major components of physical fitness. Because the interactive association of knee extensor muscle strength and CRF with bone health remains unclear, we aimed to investigate such association in Japanese adults. METHODS Altogether, 8,829 Japanese adults (3,731 men and 5,098 women) aged ≥45 years completed the maximum voluntary knee extension test, submaximal exercise test, medical examination, and a questionnaire on lifestyle habits. Using an osteo-sono assessment index, low bone stiffness tendency was defined as 80% under the young-adults mean. Multivariable odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated after confounder adjustment. RESULTS Overall, 542 men (14.5%) and 978 women (19.2%) had low bone stiffness tendency. We observed an inverse association between muscle strength and low bone stiffness tendency after adjustment for CRF in both sexes (P for linear trend <0.001). Compared with the lowest CRF, the multivariable ORs for low bone stiffness tendency in the highest CRF were 0.47 (95% CI, 0.36-0.62) for men and 1.05 (95% CI, 0.82-1.35) for post-menopausal women (P < 0.001 and P = 0.704, respectively). No interactive association between muscle strength and CRF for low bone stiffness tendency existed in both sexes and irrespective of menopausal status. CONCLUSION Knee extensor muscle strength and CRF were associated additively, not synergistically, with bone health. Maintaining high levels of both physical fitness components may improve musculoskeletal health in the cohort. The relationship between physical fitness and bone status should be longitudinally investigated in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahisa Ohta
- Graduate School of Health and Sport Science, Nippon Sport Science University, Tokyo, Japan,Yokohama Sports Medical Center, Nissan Stadium, Kanagawa, Japan,Research Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Junzo Nagashima
- Yokohama Sports Medical Center, Nissan Stadium, Kanagawa, Japan,Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Wataru Fukuda
- Graduate School of Health and Sport Science, Nippon Sport Science University, Tokyo, Japan,Yokohama Sports Medical Center, Nissan Stadium, Kanagawa, Japan,Research Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Sasai
- Research Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naokata Ishii
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Cross-Correlations between Scientific Physical Fitness, Body Mass Index Distribution, and Overweight/Obesity Risks among Adults in Taiwan. Medicina (B Aires) 2022; 58:medicina58121739. [PMID: 36556941 PMCID: PMC9783238 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58121739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Health-related physical fitness reduces the risk of chronic disease, promotes quality of life, and has enormous economic benefits considering the global health care costs resulting from obesity. However, relatively limited information is available regarding the dose-response relationship between scientific physical fitness and obesity risk. This study aimed to determine the associations of scientific physical fitness with body mass index (BMI) distribution and overweight/obesity risk among adults aged 23-64 years in Taiwan. Materials and Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study and reviewed data derived from the Scientific Physical Fitness Testing Program, Sports Administration, Ministry of Education, Taiwan. Responses from 16,939 participants from the database (7761 men and 9178 women, aged 23-64 years) were collected in this study. Each participant completed a series of scientific physical fitness measurements, including cardiorespiratory fitness (3 min progressive knee-up and step [3MPKS] test), muscular fitness (hand grip strength), and flexibility (sit-and-reach test). Anthropometric measurements included body height, weight, and BMI. The quartiles of scientific physical fitness results were identified as the dependent variable in the multiple linear and multiple logistic regression analysis to determine the associations of the scientific physical fitness measurements with BMI distribution and overweight/obesity risk, as well as the dose-response relationship. Results: The 3MPKS test was significantly associated with BMI (quartile 1 (Q1): β = 1.900; quartile 2 (Q2): β = 1.594; quartile 3 (Q3): β = 1.079 for men, and Q1: β = 1.454; Q2: β = 0.882; Q3: β = 0.555 for women), overweight (Q1: odds ratio (OR) = 2.117; Q2: OR = 2.056; Q3: OR = 2.063 for men, and Q1: OR = 3.036; Q2: OR = 2.542; Q3: OR = 1.959 for women), and obesity (Q1: OR = 6.530; Q2: OR = 5.747; Q3: OR = 3.557 for men, and Q1: OR = 3.238; Q2: OR = 1.431 for women) risk compared with quartile 4 (Q4) as the reference group with a dose-response relationship. In addition, relative hand grip strength was significantly associated with BMI (Q2: β = -0.922; Q3: β = -1.865; Q4: β = -3.108 for men, and Q2: β = -1.309; Q3: β = -2.161; Q4: β = -2.759 for women), overweight (Q2: OR = 0.806; Q3: OR = 0.697; Q4: OR = 0.278 for men, and Q2: OR = 0.667; Q3: OR = 0.398; Q4: OR = 0.228 for women), and obesity (Q1: OR = 0.528; Q2: OR = 0.206; Q3: OR = 0.049 for men, and Q1: OR = 0.351; Q2: OR = 0.129; Q3: OR = 0.051 for women) risk compared with Q1 as the reference group with a dose-response relationship. Conclusions: Higher levels of performance of the 3MPKS and relative grip strength tests were associated with lower BMI and overweight/obesity risk in both sexes. However, the sit-and-reach test was only partially related to BMI and overweight/obesity risk in both sexes. Cardiorespiratory fitness and muscular fitness were effective predictors of BMI distribution and overweight/obesity risk in Taiwanese adults.
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Verstraeten LMG, de Haan NJ, Verbeet E, van Wijngaarden JP, Meskers CGM, Maier AB. Handgrip strength rather than chair stand test should be used to diagnose sarcopenia in geriatric rehabilitation inpatients: REStORing health of acutely unwell adulTs (RESORT). Age Ageing 2022; 51:6834150. [PMID: 36413590 PMCID: PMC9681126 DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afac242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND according to the revised sarcopenia definition proposed by the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP2) and revised definition of the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS2019), handgrip strength (HGS) and chair stand test (CST) can be used interchangeably as initial diagnostic measures. OBJECTIVE to assess the agreement between sarcopenia prevalence, using either HGS or CST, and their association with adverse outcomes in geriatric rehabilitation inpatients. METHODS REStORing health of acutely unwell adulTs is an observational, longitudinal cohort of geriatric rehabilitation inpatients. Cohen's kappa (κ) was used to assess the agreement between sarcopenia prevalence (no, probable and confirmed and severe sarcopenia) according to EWGSOP2 and AWGS2019 using either HGS or CST. Associations between HGS and CST and readmission, institutionalisation and mortality were assessed by binomial regression. RESULTS patients (n = 1,250, 57% females) had a median age of 83.1 years (interquartile range: [77.5-88.3]). There was no agreement between probable sarcopenia prevalence using HGS or CST for EWGSOP2 and AWGS2019, respectively (HGS: 70.9% and 76.2%; CST: 95.5% and 98.4%; κ = 0.08 and 0.02). Agreement between confirmed and severe sarcopenia prevalence using either HGS or CST was strong to almost perfect. HGS was associated with 3-month institutionalisation and 3-month and 1-year mortality, whereas CST was not associated. CONCLUSIONS HGS and CST cannot be used interchangeably as diagnostic measures for probable sarcopenia in geriatric rehabilitation inpatients. CST is not useful to predict adverse outcomes in geriatric rehabilitation inpatients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laure M G Verstraeten
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, @AgeAmsterdam, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam 1081BT, The Netherlands
| | - Nina J de Haan
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, @AgeAmsterdam, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam 1081BT, The Netherlands
| | - Eline Verbeet
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, @AgeAmsterdam, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam 1081BT, The Netherlands
| | | | - Carel G M Meskers
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam 1081HZ, The Netherlands
| | - Andrea B Maier
- Address correspondence to: Andrea B. Maier, Department of Human Movement Sciences, @AgeAmsterdam, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, van der Boechorststraat 7, Amsterdam 1081 BT, The Netherlands. Tel: +31629444246.
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Chen Y, Zhan Y, Wang H, Zhang H, Cai Y, Wang L, Zhu W, Shen H, Pei J. Mediating effect of lower extremity muscle strength on the relationship between mobility and cognitive function in Chinese older adults: A cross-sectional study. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:984075. [DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.984075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is a multifactorial process associated with irreversible decline in mobility and cognitive function. However, the mechanisms underlying the relationship between mobility and cognitive function remain elusive. In specific, the mediating effect of muscle strength, which is essential to maintain mobility, on this relationship has yet to be clarified. Accordingly, we performed a cross-sectional study involving Chinese older adults to understand the role of muscle strength in the relationship between mobility and cognitive function. The cognitive function and physical performance of 657 community-dwelling participants aged over 65 years old were observed. Cognitive function was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination, whereas physical performance, including mobility and muscle strength, was measured via Timed Up-and-Go Test and knee extension strength measurement. Data were statistically analyzed using PROCESS Model 4 developed by Hayes, and 595 complete data were finally included. Physical performance (mobility and muscle strength) was significantly correlated with cognitive function (p < 0.01). Muscle strength was negatively correlated with mobility (r = −0.273, p < 0.001) and positively correlated with cognitive function (r = 0.145, p < 0.001). Muscle strength accounted for 20.1% of the total mediating effects on the relationship between mobility and cognitive function, which revealed the partial mediating role of lower extremity muscle strength in this relationship.
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Test–Retest Reliability and Sensitivity of Common Strength and Power Tests over a Period of 9 Weeks. Sports (Basel) 2022; 10:sports10110171. [DOI: 10.3390/sports10110171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the reliability and sensitivity of a set of different common strength and power tests in a healthy adult population in a span of 9 weeks. Seventeen subjects (24.2 ± 2.2 years, 1.75 ± 0.10 m, 68.6 ± 14.2 kg, seven women) participated in the study. We tested countermovement jumps, reactive hops, and the maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) of handgrip and isometric knee extension. The tests were conducted in three separate sessions across a nine-week period, with one week between the first two sessions and eight weeks between the second and the third. Reliability and sensitivity statistics for each test were calculated for both the average of three trials and the best result during each session. The MVC of isometric knee extension and handgrip, as well as the countermovement jump test, demonstrated very high reliability and sensitivity over the nine-week period. The peak force of the reactive hops demonstrated high reliability but high sensitivity only for the average but not for the best result. The average contact time of reactive hops was neither a sensitive nor reliable measurement. In conclusion, isometric maximal knee extension and handgrip tests, as well as countermovement jumps and peak force of reactive hops, can be used as reliable and sensitive measurements of isometric and reactive strength and power over time periods of up to eight weeks. We recommend the use of the average results of three trials instead of the best performance value for longitudinal studies, as this procedure produces more consistent results and a lower measurement error.
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Leknessund OGR, Morelli VM, Strand BH, Hansen J, Brækkan SK. Hand grip strength and risk of incident venous thromboembolism: The Tromsø study. Res Pract Thromb Haemost 2022; 6:e12833. [PMID: 36349264 PMCID: PMC9634490 DOI: 10.1002/rth2.12833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hand grip strength (HGS), a common proxy of whole‐body muscular strength, is associated with a wide range of adverse health outcomes and mortality. However, there are limited data on the association between HGS and risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE). Objectives We aimed to investigate the association between HGS and risk of incident VTE in a population‐based cohort. Methods Participants (n = 13,704) from the fourth to seventh surveys of the Tromsø study (Tromsø4–Tromsø7, enrollment: 1994–2016) were followed throughout 2020, and all incident VTEs were recorded. HGS of the nondominant hand was measured using a Martin Vigorimeter (Tromsø4–Tromsø6) and a Jamar Digital Dynamometer (Tromsø7). Hazard ratios (HRs) for VTE with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) according to weak HGS (less than 25th percentile) versus normal HGS (25th percentile or greater) were estimated using Cox regression models and adjusted for age, sex, body height, body mass index, physical activity, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. Results During a median of 6.5 years of follow‐up, 545 incident VTEs occurred. Participants with weak HGS had a 27% higher risk of VTE (HR, 1.27; 95% CI, 1.03–1.57) compared to those with normal HGS. Subgroup analyses revealed that the point estimates were higher for unprovoked VTE (HR, 1.35; 95% CI, 0.96–1.91) and deep vein thrombosis (DVT; HR, 1.52; 95% CI, 1.14–2.01). Similar results were found in analyses restricted to men, women, and elderly (aged greater than 75 years). Conclusion A weak HGS was associated with increased risk of VTE, and particularly unprovoked VTE and isolated DVT. Our findings suggest that weak muscle strength may be a risk factor for VTE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oda G. R. Leknessund
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Thrombosis Research Center (TREC) UiT, The Arctic University of Norway Tromso Norway
| | - Vania M. Morelli
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Thrombosis Research Center (TREC) UiT, The Arctic University of Norway Tromso Norway
- Division of Internal Medicine University Hospital of North Norway Tromsø Norway
| | - Bjørn Heine Strand
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health Oslo Norway
- Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Ageing and Health, Vestfold Hospital Trust Tønsberg Norway
- Department of Geriatric Medicine Oslo University Hospital Oslo Norway
| | - John‐Bjarne Hansen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Thrombosis Research Center (TREC) UiT, The Arctic University of Norway Tromso Norway
- Division of Internal Medicine University Hospital of North Norway Tromsø Norway
| | - Sigrid K. Brækkan
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Thrombosis Research Center (TREC) UiT, The Arctic University of Norway Tromso Norway
- Division of Internal Medicine University Hospital of North Norway Tromsø Norway
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