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Widmaier MS, Kaiser A, Baup S, Wenz D, Pierzchała K, Xiao Y, Huang Z, Jiang Y, Xin L. Fast 3D 31P B 1 + mapping with a weighted stack of spiral trajectory at 7 T. Magn Reson Med 2024. [PMID: 39365949 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.30321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 08/21/2024] [Accepted: 09/11/2024] [Indexed: 10/06/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Phosphorus MRS (31P MRS) enables noninvasive assessment of energy metabolism, yet its application is hindered by sensitivity limitations. To overcome this, often high magnetic fields are used, leading to challenges such as spatialB 1 + $$ {\mathrm{B}}_1^{+} $$ inhomogeneity and therefore the need for accurate flip-angle determination in accelerated acquisitions with short TRs. In response to these challenges, we propose a novel short TR and look-up table-based double-angle method for fast 3D 31PB 1 + $$ {\mathrm{B}}_1^{+} $$ mapping (fDAM). METHODS Our method incorporates 3D weighted stack-of-spiral gradient-echo acquisitions and a frequency-selective pulse to enable efficientB 1 + $$ {\mathrm{B}}_1^{+} $$ mapping based on the phosphocreatine signal at 7 T. Protocols were optimized using simulations and validated through phantom experiments. The method was validated in the human brain using a 31P 1Ch-trasmit/32Ch-receive coil and skeletal muscle using a birdcage 1H/31P volume coil. RESULTS The results of fDAM were compared with the classical DAM. A good correlation (r = 0.95) was obtained between the twoB 1 + $$ {\mathrm{B}}_1^{+} $$ maps. A 3D 31PB 1 + $$ {\mathrm{B}}_1^{+} $$ mapping in the human calf muscle was achieved in about 10:50 min using a birdcage volume coil, with a 20% extended coverage (number of voxels with SNR > 3) relative to that of the classical DAM (24 min). fDAM also enabled the first full-brain coverage 31P 3DB 1 + $$ {\mathrm{B}}_1^{+} $$ mapping in approximately 10:15 min using a 1Ch-transmit/32Ch-receive coil. CONCLUSION fDAM is an efficient method for 31P 3DB 1 + $$ {\mathrm{B}}_1^{+} $$ mapping, showing promise for future applications in rapid 31P MRSI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Stephan Widmaier
- CIBM Center for Biomedical Imaging, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Animal Imaging and Technology, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Laboratory of Functional and Metabolic Imaging, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Antonia Kaiser
- CIBM Center for Biomedical Imaging, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Animal Imaging and Technology, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Salomé Baup
- CIBM Center for Biomedical Imaging, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Animal Imaging and Technology, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Wenz
- CIBM Center for Biomedical Imaging, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Animal Imaging and Technology, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Katarzyna Pierzchała
- CIBM Center for Biomedical Imaging, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Animal Imaging and Technology, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ying Xiao
- CIBM Center for Biomedical Imaging, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Animal Imaging and Technology, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Laboratory of Functional and Metabolic Imaging, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Zhiwei Huang
- CIBM Center for Biomedical Imaging, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Animal Imaging and Technology, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Yun Jiang
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Lijing Xin
- CIBM Center for Biomedical Imaging, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Animal Imaging and Technology, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
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Arieta LR, Smith ZH, Paluch AE, Kent JA. Effects of older age on contraction-induced intramyocellular acidosis and inorganic phosphate accumulation in vivo: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0308336. [PMID: 39321147 PMCID: PMC11424002 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0308336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Although it is clear that the bioenergetic basis of skeletal muscle fatigue (transient decrease in peak torque or power in response to contraction) involves intramyocellular acidosis (decreased pH) and accumulation of inorganic phosphate (Pi) in response to the increased energy demand of contractions, the effects of old age on the build-up of these metabolites has not been evaluated systematically. The purpose of this study was to compare pH and [Pi] in young (18-45 yr) and older (55+ yr) human skeletal muscle in vivo at the end of standardized contraction protocols. Full study details were prospectively registered on PROSPERO (CRD42022348972). PubMed, Web of Science, and SPORTDiscus databases were systematically searched and returned 12 articles that fit the inclusion criteria for the meta-analysis. Participant characteristics, contraction mode (isometric, dynamic), and final pH and [Pi] were extracted. A random-effects model was used to calculate the mean difference (MD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for pH and [Pi] across age groups. A subgroup analysis for contraction mode was also performed. Young muscle acidified more than older muscle (MD = -0.12 pH; 95%CI = -0.18,-0.06; p<0.01). There was no overall difference by age in final [Pi] (MD = 2.14 mM; 95%CI = -0.29,4.57; p = 0.08), although sensitivity analysis revealed that removing one study resulted in greater [Pi] in young than older muscle (MD = 3.24 mM; 95%CI = 1.72,4.76; p<0.01). Contraction mode moderated these effects (p = 0.02) such that young muscle acidified (MD = -0.19 pH; 95%CI = -0.27,-0.11; p<0.01) and accumulated Pi (MD = 4.69 mM; 95%CI = 2.79,6.59; p<0.01) more than older muscle during isometric, but not dynamic, contractions. The smaller energetic perturbation in older muscle indicated by these analyses is consistent with its relatively greater use of oxidative energy production. During dynamic contractions, elimination of this greater reliance on oxidative energy production and consequently lower metabolite accumulations in older muscle may be important for understanding task-specific, age-related differences in fatigue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke R Arieta
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, United States of America
| | - Zoe H Smith
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, United States of America
| | - Amanda E Paluch
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, United States of America
- Institute for Applied Life Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, United States of America
| | - Jane A Kent
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, United States of America
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Chakraborty K, Burman R, Nisar S, Miller S, Loschinskey Z, Wu S, Li Y, Bag AK, Khan A, Goodenough C, Wilson N, Haris M, McCormack SE, Reddy R, Ness K, Finkel R, Bagga P. Reliability of In Vivo Creatine-Weighted Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer (CrCEST) MRI in Calf Skeletal Muscle of Healthy Volunteers at 3 T. J Magn Reson Imaging 2024. [PMID: 39212126 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.29566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Skeletal muscle mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (mtOXPHOS) is important for ATP generation and its dysfunction leads to exercise intolerance. Phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy (31P-MRS) is a useful, noninvasive technique for mtOXPHOS assessment but has limitations. Creatine-weighted chemical exchange saturation transfer (CrCEST) MRI is a potential alternative to assess muscle bioenergetics. PURPOSE To evaluate the interscan repeatability, intra- and interobserver reproducibility of CrCEST during mild plantar flexion exercise. STUDY TYPE Retrospective. SUBJECTS Twenty healthy volunteers (age 37.6 ± 12.4 years, 11 females). FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE 3 T/CEST imaging using gradient echo readout. ASSESSMENT τCrCEST (postexercise Cr recovery time) was assessed in two scans for each participant, following mild plantar flexion exercises targeting the medial gastrocnemius (MG), lateral gastrocnemius (LG), and soleus (Sol) muscles. Three observers measured τCrCEST for interobserver reproducibility. Three readings by one observer were used to measure intraobserver reproducibility. Two scans were used for within-participant interscan repeatability. STATISTICAL TESTS Paired t tests, intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), and Pearson correlation were conducted. Bland-Altman plots were used to analyze the interobserver variability. A P-value of 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS There was excellent intra- (ICC∈ 0.94 - 0.98 $$ \in \left[0.94-0.98\right] $$ ) and interobserver (ICC∈ 0.9 - 0.98 $$ \in \left[0.9-0.98\right] $$ ) reproducibility, with moderate interscan repeatability for τCrCEST in LG and MG (ICC∈ 0.54 - 0.74 $$ \in \left[0.54-0.74\right] $$ ) and poor-to-moderate interscan repeatability in Sol (ICC∈ 0.24 - 0.53 $$ \in \left[0.24-0.53\right] $$ ). Excellent interobserver reproducibility was confirmed by Bland-Altman plots (fixed bias P-value∈ 0.08 - 0.87 $$ \in \left[0.08-0.87\right] $$ ). DATA CONCLUSION CrCEST MRI shows promise in assessing muscle bioenergetics by evaluating τCrCEST during mild plantar flexion exercise with reasonable reliability, particularly in LG and MG. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 4 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasturee Chakraborty
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Ritambhar Burman
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Sabah Nisar
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Saorla Miller
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Zachary Loschinskey
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Shengjie Wu
- Department of Biostatistics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Yimei Li
- Department of Biostatistics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Asim K Bag
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Ayaz Khan
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Chelsea Goodenough
- Department of Epidemiology and Cancer Control, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Neil Wilson
- Center for Advanced Metabolic Imaging in Precision Medicine, Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Mohammad Haris
- Center for Advanced Metabolic Imaging in Precision Medicine, Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Shana E McCormack
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ravinder Reddy
- Center for Advanced Metabolic Imaging in Precision Medicine, Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kirsten Ness
- Department of Epidemiology and Cancer Control, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Richard Finkel
- Department of Pediatric Medicine, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Puneet Bagga
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
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Lin X, Zhang J, Kong X, Li Y, Xu X, Du L, Zhang JL. Exercise-induced changes in intramuscular total creatine concentration measured with 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy: A pilot study. Physiol Rep 2024; 12:e16171. [PMID: 39095332 PMCID: PMC11296883 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.16171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Total amount of creatine (Cr) and phosphocreatine, or total creatine (tCr), may have a significant impact on the performance of skeletal muscles. In sports such as bodybuilding, it is popular to take Cr supplements to maintain tCr level. However, no study has explored the quantitative relationship between exercise intensity and the induced change in muscle's tCr. In this well-controlled study, straight-leg plantar flexion with specific load and duration was performed by 10 healthy subjects inside an MRI scanner, immediately followed by 1H MR spectroscopy (MRS) for measuring tCr concentration in gastrocnemius. For repeatability assessment, the experiment was repeated for each subject on two different days. Across all the subjects, baseline tCr was 46.6 ± 2.4 mM, ranging from 40.6 to 50.1 mM; with exercise, tCr significantly decreased by 10.9% ± 1.0% with 6-lb load and 21.0% ± 1.3% with 12-lb load (p < 0.0001). Between two different days, baseline tCr, percentage decrease induced by exercise with a 6-lb and 12-lb load differed by 2.2% ± 2.3%, 11.7% ± 6.0% and 4.9% ± 3.2%, respectively. In conclusion, the proposed protocol of controlled exercise stimulation and MRS acquisition can reproducibly monitor tCr level and its exercise-induced change in skeletal muscles. The measured tCr level is sensitive to exercise intensity, so can be used to quantitatively assess muscle performance or fatigue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Lin
- School of Biomedical EngineeringShanghaiTech UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Jiaying Zhang
- School of Biomedical EngineeringShanghaiTech UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Xiangwei Kong
- School of Biomedical EngineeringShanghaiTech UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yanbin Li
- Central Research Institute, Shanghai United Imaging Healthcare Co., Ltd.ShanghaiChina
| | - Xueqin Xu
- Department of Radiology, Ruijin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Lianjun Du
- Department of Radiology, Ruijin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Jeff L. Zhang
- School of Biomedical EngineeringShanghaiTech UniversityShanghaiChina
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Michel CP, Messonnier LA, Giannesini B, Vilmen C, Sourdon J, Le Fur Y, Bendahan D. Endurance training and hydroxyurea have synergistic effects on muscle function and energetics in sickle cell disease mice. Blood Cells Mol Dis 2024; 107:102853. [PMID: 38574498 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcmd.2024.102853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is an hemoglobinopathy resulting in the production of an abnormal Hb (HbS) which can polymerize in deoxygenated conditions, leading to the sickling of red blood cells (RBC). These alterations can decrease the oxygen-carrying capacity leading to impaired function and energetics of skeletal muscle. Any strategy which could reverse the corresponding defects could be of interest. In SCD, endurance training is known to improve multiples muscle properties which restores patient's exercise capacity but present reduced effects in anemic patients. Hydroxyurea (HU) can increase fetal hemoglobin production which can reduce anemia in patients. The present study was conducted to determine whether HU can improve the effects of endurance training to improve muscle function and energetics. Twenty SCD Townes mice have been trained for 8 weeks with (n = 11) or without (n = 9) HU. SCD mice muscle function and energetics were analyzed during a standardized rest-exercise-recovery protocol, using Phosphorus-31 Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (31P-MRS) and transcutaneous stimulation. The combination of training and HU specifically decreased fatigue index and PCr consumption while muscle oxidative capacity was improved. These results illustrate the potential synergistic effects of endurance training and HU on muscle function and energetics in sickle cell disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Laurent A Messonnier
- Université Savoie Mont Blanc, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité EA7424, Chambéry, France; Institut universitaire de France (IUF), France
| | | | | | - Joevin Sourdon
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, CRMBM, Marseille, France
| | - Yann Le Fur
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, CRMBM, Marseille, France
| | - David Bendahan
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, CRMBM, Marseille, France
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6
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Ju L, Wang K, Schär M, Xu S, Rogers J, Zhu D, Qin Q, Weiss RG, Xu J. Simultaneous creatine and phosphocreatine mapping of skeletal muscle by CEST MRI at 3T. Magn Reson Med 2024; 91:942-954. [PMID: 37899691 PMCID: PMC10842434 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.29907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To confirm that CrCEST in muscle exhibits a slow-exchanging process, and to obtain high-resolution amide, creatine (Cr), and phosphocreatine (PCr) maps of skeletal muscle using a POlynomial and Lorentzian Line-shape Fitting (PLOF) CEST at 3T. METHODS We used dynamic changes in PCr/CrCEST of mouse hindlimb before and after euthanasia to assign the Cr and PCr CEST peaks in the Z-spectrum at 3T and to obtain the optimum saturation parameters. Segmented 3D EPI was employed to obtain multi-slice amide, PCr, and Cr CEST maps of human skeletal muscle. Subsequently, the PCrCEST maps were calibrated using the PCr concentrations determined by 31 P MRS. RESULTS A comparison of the Z-spectra in mouse hindlimb before and after euthanasia indicated that CrCEST is a slow-exchanging process in muscle (<150.7 s-1 ). This allowed us to simultaneously extract PCr/CrCEST signals at 3T using the PLOF method. We determined optimal B1 values ranging from 0.3 to 0.6 μT for CrCEST in muscle and 0.3-1.2 μT for PCrCEST. For the study on human calf muscle, we determined an optimum saturation time of 2 s for both PCr/CrCEST (B1 = 0.6 μT). The PCr/CrCEST using 3D EPI were found to be comparable to those obtained using turbo spin echo (TSE). (3D EPI/TSE PCr: (2.6 ± 0.3) %/(2.3 ± 0.1) %; Cr: (1.3 ± 0.1) %/(1.4 ± 0.07) %). CONCLUSIONS Our study showed that in vivo CrCEST is a slow-exchanging process. Hence, amide, Cr, and PCr CEST in the skeletal muscle can be mapped simultaneously at 3T by PLOF CEST.
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Affiliation(s)
- Licheng Ju
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Research Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kexin Wang
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Research Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Michael Schär
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Su Xu
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Joshua Rogers
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Dan Zhu
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Research Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Qin Qin
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Research Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Robert G. Weiss
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jiadi Xu
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Research Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Hayden CMT, Nagarajan R, Smith ZH, Gilmore S, Kent JA. Postcontraction [acetylcarnitine] reflects interindividual variation in skeletal muscle ATP production patterns in vivo. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2024; 326:R66-R78. [PMID: 37955131 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00027.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
In addition to its role in substrate selection (carbohydrate vs. fat) for oxidative metabolism in muscle, acetylcarnitine production may be an important modulator of the energetic pathway by which ATP is produced. A combination of noninvasive magnetic resonance spectroscopy measures of cytosolic acetylcarnitine and ATP production pathways was used to investigate the link between [acetylcarnitine] and energy production in vivo. Intracellular metabolites were measured in the vastus lateralis muscle of eight males (mean: 28.4 yr, range: 25-35) during 8 min of incremental, dynamic contractions (0.5 Hz, 2-min stages at 6%, 9%, 12%, and 15% maximal torque) that increased [acetylcarnitine] approximately fivefold from resting levels. ATP production via oxidative phosphorylation, glycolysis, and the creatine kinase reaction was calculated based on phosphorus metabolites and pH. Spearman rank correlations indicated that postcontraction [acetylcarnitine] was positively associated with both absolute (mM) and relative (% total ATP) glycolytic ATP production (rs = 0.95, P = 0.001; rs = 0.93, P = 0.002), and negatively associated with relative (rs = -0.81, P = 0.02) but not absolute (rs = -0.14, P = 0.75) oxidative ATP production. Thus, acetylcarnitine accumulated more when there was a greater reliance on "nonoxidative" glycolysis and a relatively lower contribution from oxidative phosphorylation, reflecting the fate of pyruvate in working skeletal muscle. Furthermore, these data indicate striking interindividual variation in responses to the energy demand of submaximal contractions. Overall, the results of this preliminary study provide novel evidence of the coupling in vivo between ATP production pathways and the carnitine system.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Production of acetylcarnitine from acetyl-CoA and free carnitine may be important for energy pathway regulation in contracting skeletal muscle. Noninvasive magnetic resonance spectroscopy was used to investigate the link between acetylcarnitine and energy production in the vastus lateralis muscle during dynamic contractions (n = 8 individuals). A positive correlation between acetylcarnitine accumulation and "nonoxidative" glycolysis and an inverse relationship with oxidative phosphorylation, provides novel evidence of the coupling between ATP production and the carnitine system in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher M T Hayden
- Muscle Physiology Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Rajakumar Nagarajan
- Human Magnetic Resonance Center, Institute for Applied Life Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Zoe H Smith
- Muscle Physiology Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Samantha Gilmore
- Muscle Physiology Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Jane A Kent
- Muscle Physiology Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, United States
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Chen X, Wu J, Yang Y, Chen H, Zhou Y, Lin L, Wei Z, Xu J, Chen Z, Chen L. Boosting quantification accuracy of chemical exchange saturation transfer MRI with a spatial-spectral redundancy-based denoising method. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2024; 37:e5027. [PMID: 37644611 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.5027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) is a versatile technique that enables noninvasive detections of endogenous metabolites present in low concentrations in living tissue. However, CEST imaging suffers from an inherently low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) due to the decreased water signal caused by the transfer of saturated spins. This limitation challenges the accuracy and reliability of quantification in CEST imaging. In this study, a novel spatial-spectral denoising method, called BOOST (suBspace denoising with nOnlocal lOw-rank constraint and Spectral local-smooThness regularization), was proposed to enhance the SNR of CEST images and boost quantification accuracy. More precisely, our method initially decomposes the noisy CEST images into a low-dimensional subspace by leveraging the global spectral low-rank prior. Subsequently, a spatial nonlocal self-similarity prior is applied to the subspace-based images. Simultaneously, the spectral local-smoothness property of Z-spectra is incorporated by imposing a weighted spectral total variation constraint. The efficiency and robustness of BOOST were validated in various scenarios, including numerical simulations and preclinical and clinical conditions, spanning magnetic field strengths from 3.0 to 11.7 T. The results demonstrated that BOOST outperforms state-of-the-art algorithms in terms of noise elimination. As a cost-effective and widely available post-processing method, BOOST can be easily integrated into existing CEST protocols, consequently promoting accuracy and reliability in detecting subtle CEST effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinran Chen
- Department of Electronic Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, National Model Microelectronics College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jian Wu
- Department of Electronic Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, National Model Microelectronics College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yu Yang
- Department of Electronic Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, National Model Microelectronics College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Huan Chen
- Department of Electronic Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, National Model Microelectronics College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Magnetic Resonance and Multimodality Imaging of Guangdong Province, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Liangjie Lin
- Clinical & Technical Support, Philips Healthcare, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiliang Wei
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jiadi Xu
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Zhong Chen
- Department of Electronic Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, National Model Microelectronics College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of Electronic Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, National Model Microelectronics College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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Sedivy P, Dezortova M, Rydlo J, Moravec P, Krizek I, Setinova B, Pajuelo D, Burian M, Hajek M. Technical note: MR-compatible pedal ergometer with electromechanical pedal resistance and exercise triggering enhanced by visual feedback via video display. Med Phys 2023; 50:8063-8068. [PMID: 37665757 DOI: 10.1002/mp.16682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND During and after exercise, dynamic 31 P MR parameters are typically measured using an MR-compatible ergometer. Self-built equipment for local condition can be constructed where possible. PURPOSE To develop a pedal resistance ergometer with rocker arm based on a system that combines electric weight displacement, visual self-monitoring, and exercise triggering. The repeatability and reproducibility were tested. METHODS The hardware and software for the ergometer were constructed from commercial components in a home laboratory. Twelve volunteers participated in the testing of the ergometer. RESULTS A fully automated ergometer system was developed, allowing the pedal resistance to be adjusted during the examination. The system includes a self-monitoring and triggering mechanism that enables both the operator and subject to monitor pedal frequency and force. The operator can modify the pedal resistance as desired during the exercise. This self-monitoring solution is simple and cost-effective, requiring only a commercial potentiometer, an Arduino converter, and a conventional video projector with a personal computer (PC). Additionally, all system components are located outside the magnetic resonance (MR) room, avoiding interference with the MR system. Results of several test of the reproducibility/repeatability of power at three pedal resistance values (15%, 24%, 25% maximal voluntary force) were expressed both as a coefficient of variation ranging from 6% to 3.1% and as an intraclass correlation of coefficient ranging from 0.96 to 0.99. Similar values were also found for other dynamic parameters of 31 P MR spectroscopy. These findings are similar to published data obtained on different types of ergometers. CONCLUSIONS Based on more than 1 year of usage, the ergometer proved successful in handling stationary and variable loads, and can be easily operated by a single user.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr Sedivy
- MR Unit, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Monika Dezortova
- MR Unit, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Rydlo
- Information Technology Division, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Moravec
- Department of Medical Technology and Investments, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Bara Setinova
- MR Unit, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Dita Pajuelo
- MR Unit, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Burian
- MR Unit, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Hajek
- MR Unit, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
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10
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Naëgel A, Ratiney H, Karkouri J, Kennouche D, Royer N, Slade JM, Morel J, Croisille P, Viallon M. Alteration of skeletal muscle energy metabolism assessed by phosphorus-31 magnetic resonance spectroscopy in clinical routine, part 1: Advanced quality control pipeline. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2023; 36:e5025. [PMID: 37797948 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.5025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Implementing a standardized phosphorus-31 magnetic resonance spectroscopy (31 P-MRS) dynamic acquisition protocol to evaluate skeletal muscle energy metabolism and monitor muscle fatigability, while being compatible with various longitudinal clinical studies on diversified patient cohorts, requires a high level of technicality and expertise. Furthermore, processing data to obtain reliable results also demands a great degree of expertise from the operator. In this two-part article, we present an advanced quality control approach for data acquired using a dynamic 31 P-MRS protocol. The aim is to provide decision support to the operator to assist in data processing and obtain reliable results based on objective criteria. We present here, in part 1, an advanced data quality control (QC) approach of a dynamic 31 P-MRS protocol. Part 2 is an impact study that will demonstrate the added value of the QC approach to explore data derived from two clinical populations that experience significant fatigue, patients with coronavirus disease 2019 and multiple sclerosis. In part 1, 31 P-MRS was performed using 3-T clinical MRI in 175 subjects from clinical and healthy control populations conducted in a University Hospital. An advanced data QC score (QCS) was developed using multiple objective criteria. The criteria were based on current recommendations from the literature enriched by new proposals based on clinical experience. The QCS was designed to indicate valid and corrupt data and guide necessary objective data editing to extract as much valid physiological data as possible. Dynamic acquisitions using an MR-compatible ergometer ran over a rest (40 s), exercise (2 min), and a recovery phase (6 min). Using QCS enabled rapid identification of subjects with data anomalies, allowing the user to correct the data series or reject them partially or entirely, as well as identify fully valid datasets. Overall, the use of the QCS resulted in the automatic classification of 45% of the subjects, including 58 participants who had data with no criterion violation and 21 participants with violations that resulted in the rejection of all dynamic data. The remaining datasets were inspected manually with guidance, allowing acceptance of full datasets from an additional 80 participants and recovery phase data from an additional 16 subjects. Overall, more anomalies occurred with patient data (35% of datasets) compared with healthy controls (15% of datasets). In conclusion, the QCS ensures a standardized data rejection procedure and rigorous objective analysis of dynamic 31 P-MRS data obtained from patients. This methodology contributes to efforts made to standardize 31 P-MRS practices that have been underway for a decade, with the goal of making it an empowered tool for clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Naëgel
- Université de Lyon, INSA-Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, UJM-Saint Etienne, CNRS, Inserm, CREATIS UMR 5220, U1206, Lyon, France
- Siemens Healthcare SAS, Saint-Denis, France
| | - Hélène Ratiney
- Université de Lyon, INSA-Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, UJM-Saint Etienne, CNRS, Inserm, CREATIS UMR 5220, U1206, Lyon, France
| | - Jabrane Karkouri
- Université de Lyon, INSA-Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, UJM-Saint Etienne, CNRS, Inserm, CREATIS UMR 5220, U1206, Lyon, France
- Siemens Healthcare SAS, Saint-Denis, France
- Wolfson Brain Imaging Center, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Djahid Kennouche
- Université de Lyon, INSA-Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, UJM-Saint Etienne, CNRS, Inserm, CREATIS UMR 5220, U1206, Lyon, France
- LIBM - Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Nicolas Royer
- Université de Lyon, INSA-Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, UJM-Saint Etienne, CNRS, Inserm, CREATIS UMR 5220, U1206, Lyon, France
- LIBM - Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Jill M Slade
- Department of Radiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Jérôme Morel
- Anaesthetics and Intensive Care Department, UJM-Saint-Etienne, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Étienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Pierre Croisille
- Université de Lyon, INSA-Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, UJM-Saint Etienne, CNRS, Inserm, CREATIS UMR 5220, U1206, Lyon, France
- Radiology Department, UJM-Saint-Etienne, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Étienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Magalie Viallon
- Université de Lyon, INSA-Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, UJM-Saint Etienne, CNRS, Inserm, CREATIS UMR 5220, U1206, Lyon, France
- Radiology Department, UJM-Saint-Etienne, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Étienne, Saint-Etienne, France
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11
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Zhang G, Zhu W, Li X, Zhu XH, Chen W. Dual-frequency resonant coil design for low-γ X-nuclear and proton magnetic resonance imaging at ultrahigh fields. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2023; 36:e4930. [PMID: 36939997 PMCID: PMC11089849 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Low-γ X-nuclear MRS and imaging have played a key role in studying metabolism and physiopathology, especially at ultrahigh fields. We design and demonstrate a novel and simple dual-frequency RF resonant coil that can operate at both low-γ X-nuclear and proton frequencies. The dual-frequency resonant coil comprises an LC coil loop and a tuning-matching circuit bridged by two short wires of the desired length to generate two resonant modes: one for proton MRI and the other for low-γ X-nuclear MRS imaging with a large difference in their Larmor frequencies at ultrahigh fields. The coil parameters for the desired coil size and resonant frequencies can be determined via numerical simulations based on LC circuit theory. We designed, constructed, and evaluated several prototype surface coils and quadrature array coils for 1 H and 2 H or 17 O imaging, with small-sized (diameter ≤ 5 cm) coils evaluated using a 16.4 T animal scanner, and a large-sized (15 cm diameter) coil on a 7 T human scanner. All coils could be tuned/matched and driven in the single coil or array coil mode to the resonant frequencies of 1 H (698 and 298 MHz), 2 H (107 and 45.8 MHz), or 17 O (94.7 and 40.4 MHz) for imaging measurements and evaluation at 16.4 and 7 T, respectively. The dual-frequency resonant coil or array provides adequate detection sensitivity for 1 H MRI and excellent performance for low-γ X-nuclear MRS imaging applications, and excellent coil decoupling efficiency between the array coils at both resonant frequencies with an optimal geometric overlap. It provides a simple, cost-effective dual-frequency RF coil solution to perform low-γ X-nuclear MRS imaging for preclinical and human applications, especially at ultrahigh fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangle Zhang
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research (CMRR), Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minnesota, USA
| | - Wei Zhu
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research (CMRR), Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minnesota, USA
| | - Xin Li
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research (CMRR), Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minnesota, USA
| | - Xiao-Hong Zhu
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research (CMRR), Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minnesota, USA
| | - Wei Chen
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research (CMRR), Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minnesota, USA
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12
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Zapata Bustos R, Coletta DK, Galons JP, Davidson LB, Langlais PR, Funk JL, Willis WT, Mandarino LJ. Nonequilibrium thermodynamics and mitochondrial protein content predict insulin sensitivity and fuel selection during exercise in human skeletal muscle. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1208186. [PMID: 37485059 PMCID: PMC10361819 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1208186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Many investigators have attempted to define the molecular nature of changes responsible for insulin resistance in muscle, but a molecular approach may not consider the overall physiological context of muscle. Because the energetic state of ATP (ΔGATP) could affect the rate of insulin-stimulated, energy-consuming processes, the present study was undertaken to determine whether the thermodynamic state of skeletal muscle can partially explain insulin sensitivity and fuel selection independently of molecular changes. Methods: 31P-MRS was used with glucose clamps, exercise studies, muscle biopsies and proteomics to measure insulin sensitivity, thermodynamic variables, mitochondrial protein content, and aerobic capacity in 16 volunteers. Results: After showing calibrated 31P-MRS measurements conformed to a linear electrical circuit model of muscle nonequilibrium thermodynamics, we used these measurements in multiple stepwise regression against rates of insulin-stimulated glucose disposal and fuel oxidation. Multiple linear regression analyses showed 53% of the variance in insulin sensitivity was explained by 1) VO2max (p = 0.001) and the 2) slope of the relationship of ΔGATP with the rate of oxidative phosphorylation (p = 0.007). This slope represents conductance in the linear model (functional content of mitochondria). Mitochondrial protein content from proteomics was an independent predictor of fractional fat oxidation during mild exercise (R2 = 0.55, p = 0.001). Conclusion: Higher mitochondrial functional content is related to the ability of skeletal muscle to maintain a greater ΔGATP, which may lead to faster rates of insulin-stimulated processes. Mitochondrial protein content per se can explain fractional fat oxidation during mild exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocio Zapata Bustos
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
- Center for Disparities in Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Dawn K. Coletta
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
- Center for Disparities in Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
- Department of Physiology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Jean-Philippe Galons
- Department of Medical Imaging, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Lisa B. Davidson
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
- Center for Disparities in Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Paul R. Langlais
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
- Center for Disparities in Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Janet L. Funk
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Wayne T. Willis
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
- Center for Disparities in Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Lawrence J. Mandarino
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
- Center for Disparities in Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
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13
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Swago S, Elliott MA, Nanga RPR, Wilson NE, Cember A, Reddy R, Witschey WR. Quantification of cross-relaxation in downfield 1 H MRS at 7 T in human calf muscle. Magn Reson Med 2023; 90:11-20. [PMID: 36807934 PMCID: PMC10149600 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.29615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to characterize the 1 H downfield MR spectrum from 8.0 to 10.0 ppm of human skeletal muscle at 7 T and determine the T1 and cross-relaxation rates of observed resonances. METHODS We performed downfield MRS in the calf muscle of 7 healthy volunteers. Single-voxel downfield MRS was collected using alternately selective or broadband inversion-recovery sequences and spectrally selective 90° E-BURP RF pulse excitation centered at 9.0 ppm with bandwidth = 600 Hz (2.0 ppm). MRS was collected using TIs of 50-2500 ms. We modeled recovery of the longitudinal magnetization of three observable resonances using two models: (1) a three-parameter model accounting for the apparent T1 recovery and (2) a Solomon model explicitly including cross-relaxation effects. RESULTS Three resonances were observed in human calf muscle at 7 T at 8.0, 8.2, and 8.5 ppm. We found broadband (broad) and selective (sel) inversion recovery T1 = mean ± SD (ms): T1-broad,8.0ppm = 2108.2 ± 664.5, T1-sel,8.0ppm = 753.6 ± 141.0 (p = 0.003); T1-broad,8.2ppm = 2033.5 ± 338.4, T1-sel,8.2ppm = 135.3 ± 35.3 (p < 0.0001); and T1-broad,8.5ppm = 1395.4 ± 75.4, T1-sel,8.5ppm = 107.1 ± 40.0 (p < 0.0001). Using the Solomon model, we found T1 = mean ± SD (ms): T1-8.0ppm = 1595.6 ± 491.1, T1-8.2ppm = 1737.2 ± 963.7, and T1-8.5ppm = 849.8 ± 282.0 (p = 0.04). Post hoc tests corrected for multiple comparisons showed no significant difference in T1 between peaks. The cross-relaxation rate σAB = mean ± SD (Hz) of each peak was σAB,8.0ppm = 0.76 ± 0.20, σAB,8.2ppm = 5.31 ± 2.27, and σAB,8.5ppm = 7.90 ± 2.74 (p < 0.0001); post hoc t-tests revealed the cross-relaxation rate of the 8.0 ppm peak was significantly slower than the peaks at 8.2 ppm (p = 0.0018) and 8.5 ppm (p = 0.0005). CONCLUSION We found significant differences in effective T1 and cross-relaxation rates of 1 H resonances between 8.0 and 8.5 ppm in the healthy human calf muscle at 7 T.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Swago
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Mark A. Elliott
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Ravi Prakash Reddy Nanga
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Neil E. Wilson
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Abigail Cember
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Ravinder Reddy
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Walter R. Witschey
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
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14
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Kara JAS, Zange J, Hoffman F, Tank J, Jordan J, Semler O, Schönau E, Rittweger J, Seefried L. Impaired Physical Performance in X-linked Hypophosphatemia Is not Caused by Depleted Muscular Phosphate Stores. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2023; 108:1634-1645. [PMID: 37043477 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgad210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH) is a rare genetic disease, characterized by renal phosphate wasting and complex musculoskeletal manifestations including decreased physical performance. OBJECTIVE To characterize muscular deficits in patients with XLH and investigate phosphate stores in muscles. METHODS Case-control study (Muscle fatigability in X-linked Hypophosphatemia [MuXLiH]) with a 1-time assessment at the German Aerospace Center (DLR), Cologne, from May to December 2019, including patients with XLH cared for at the Osteology Department, University of Wuerzburg. Thirteen patients with XLH and 13 age/sex/body weight-matched controls aged 18-65 years were included. The main outcome measure was 31P-magnetic resonance spectroscopy (31P-MRS)-based assessment of phosphate metabolites in the soleus muscle at rest. Further analyses included magnetic resonance imaging-based muscle volume measurement, laboratory testing, isokinetic maximum voluntary contraction (MVC), fatigue testing, and jumping mechanography. RESULTS By means of 31P-MRS, no significant differences were observed between XLH and controls regarding phosphate metabolites except for a slightly increased phosphocreatine to inorganic phosphate (PCr/Pi) ratio (XLH: 13.44 ± 3.22, control: 11.01 ± 2.62, P = .023). Quadriceps muscle volume was reduced in XLH (XLH: 812.1 ± 309.0 mL, control: 1391.1 ± 306.2 mv, P < .001). No significant differences were observed regarding isokinetic maximum torque (MVC) adjusted to quadriceps muscle volume. Jumping peak power and jump height were significantly reduced in XLH vs controls (both P < .001). CONCLUSION The content of phosphoric compounds within the musculature of patients with XLH was not observed to be different from controls. Volume-adjusted muscle strength and fatiguability were not different either. Reduced physical performance in patients with XLH may result from long-term adaptation to reduced physical activity due to skeletal impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jochen Zange
- German Aerospace Center, Institute of Aerospace Medicine, 51147 Cologne, Germany
| | - Fabian Hoffman
- German Aerospace Center, Institute of Aerospace Medicine, 51147 Cologne, Germany
| | - Jens Tank
- German Aerospace Center, Institute of Aerospace Medicine, 51147 Cologne, Germany
| | - Jens Jordan
- German Aerospace Center, Institute of Aerospace Medicine, 51147 Cologne, Germany
| | - Oliver Semler
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Cologne, University Hospital Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany
| | - Eckhard Schönau
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Cologne, University Hospital Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany
| | - Jörn Rittweger
- German Aerospace Center, Institute of Aerospace Medicine, 51147 Cologne, Germany
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Cologne, University Hospital Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany
| | - Lothar Seefried
- Osteology and Clinical Trial Unit, Orthopedic Department, Julius Maximillian University Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
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15
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Xu J, Chung JJ, Jin T. Chemical exchange saturation transfer imaging of creatine, phosphocreatine, and protein arginine residue in tissues. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2023; 36:e4671. [PMID: 34978371 PMCID: PMC9250548 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) MRI has become a promising technique to assay target proteins and metabolites through their exchangeable protons, noninvasively. The ubiquity of creatine (Cr) and phosphocreatine (PCr) due to their pivotal roles in energy homeostasis through the creatine phosphate pathway has made them prime targets for CEST in the diagnosis and monitoring of disease pathologies, particularly in tissues heavily dependent on the maintenance of rich energy reserves. Guanidinium CEST from protein arginine residues (i.e. arginine CEST) can also provide information about the protein profile in tissue. However, numerous obfuscating factors stand as obstacles to the specificity of arginine, Cr, and PCr imaging through CEST, such as semisolid magnetization transfer, fast chemical exchanges such as primary amines, and the effects of nuclear Overhauser enhancement from aromatic and amide protons. In this review, the specific exchange properties of protein arginine residues, Cr, and PCr, along with their validation, are discussed, including the considerations necessary to target and tune their signal effects through CEST imaging. Additionally, strategies that have been employed to enhance the specificity of these exchanges in CEST imaging are described, along with how they have opened up possible applications of protein arginine residues, Cr and PCr CEST imaging in the study and diagnosis of pathology. A clear understanding of the capabilities and caveats of using CEST to image these vital metabolites and mitigation strategies is crucial to expanding the possibilities of this promising technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiadi Xu
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Research Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Julius Juhyun Chung
- Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Tao Jin
- Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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16
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Mahmud SZ, Bashir A. Repeatability assessment for simultaneous measurement of arterial blood flow, venous oxygen saturation, and muscle perfusion following dynamic exercise. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2023; 36:e4872. [PMID: 36349386 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to demonstrate a new sequence and determine the repeatability of simultaneous dynamic measurements of blood flow, venous oxygen saturation (SvO2 ), and relative perfusion (change from resting perfusion) in calf muscle during recovery from plantar flexion exercise. The feasibility of near simultaneous measurement of bio-energetic parameters was also demonstrated. A sequence was developed to simultaneously measure arterial blood flow using flow-encoded projection, SvO2 using susceptibility-based oximetry, and relative perfusion using arterial spin labeling in combination with dynamic plantar flexion exercise. The parameters were determined at rest and during recovery from single leg plantar flexion exercise. Test-retest repeatability was analyzed using Bland-Altman analysis and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC). The mitochondrial capacity of skeletal muscle was also measured immediately afterwards with dynamic phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Eight healthy subjects participated in the study for test-retest repeatability. Popliteal artery blood flow at rest was 1.79 ± 0.58 ml/s and increased to 11.18 ± 3.02 ml/s immediately after exercise. Popliteal vein SvO2 decreased to 45.93% ± 6.5% from a resting value of 70.46% ± 4.76% following exercise. Relative perfusion (change from rest value) was 51.83 ± 15.00 ml/100 g/min at the cessation of exercise. The recovery of blood flow and SvO2 was modeled as a single exponential with time constants of 38.03 ± 6.91 and 71.19 ± 14.53 s, respectively. All the measured parameters exhibited good repeatability with ICC ranging from 0.8 to 0.95. Bioenergetics measurements were within normal range, demonstrating the feasibility of near simultaneous measurement of hemodynamic and energetic parameters. Clinical feasibility was assessed with Barth syndrome patients, demonstrating reduced oxygen extraction from the blood and reduced mitochondrial oxidative capacity compared with healthy controls. The proposed protocol allows rapid imaging of multiple parameters in skeletal muscle that might be affected in disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sultan Z Mahmud
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA
| | - Adil Bashir
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA
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Jennings ML. Role of transporters in regulating mammalian intracellular inorganic phosphate. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1163442. [PMID: 37063296 PMCID: PMC10097972 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1163442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
This review summarizes the current understanding of the role of plasma membrane transporters in regulating intracellular inorganic phosphate ([Pi]In) in mammals. Pi influx is mediated by SLC34 and SLC20 Na+-Pi cotransporters. In non-epithelial cells other than erythrocytes, Pi influx via SLC20 transporters PiT1 and/or PiT2 is balanced by efflux through XPR1 (xenotropic and polytropic retrovirus receptor 1). Two new pathways for mammalian Pi transport regulation have been described recently: 1) in the presence of adequate Pi, cells continuously internalize and degrade PiT1. Pi starvation causes recycling of PiT1 from early endosomes to the plasma membrane and thereby increases the capacity for Pi influx; and 2) binding of inositol pyrophosphate InsP8 to the SPX domain of XPR1 increases Pi efflux. InsP8 is degraded by a phosphatase that is strongly inhibited by Pi. Therefore, an increase in [Pi]In decreases InsP8 degradation, increases InsP8 binding to SPX, and increases Pi efflux, completing a feedback loop for [Pi]In homeostasis. Published data on [Pi]In by magnetic resonance spectroscopy indicate that the steady state [Pi]In of skeletal muscle, heart, and brain is normally in the range of 1–5 mM, but it is not yet known whether PiT1 recycling or XPR1 activation by InsP8 contributes to Pi homeostasis in these organs. Data on [Pi]In in cultured cells are variable and suggest that some cells can regulate [Pi] better than others, following a change in [Pi]Ex. More measurements of [Pi]In, influx, and efflux are needed to determine how closely, and how rapidly, mammalian [Pi]In is regulated during either hyper- or hypophosphatemia.
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18
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Phosphorus-Containing Polymers as Sensitive Biocompatible Probes for 31P Magnetic Resonance. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28052334. [PMID: 36903579 PMCID: PMC10005191 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28052334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The visualization of organs and tissues using 31P magnetic resonance (MR) imaging represents an immense challenge. This is largely due to the lack of sensitive biocompatible probes required to deliver a high-intensity MR signal that can be distinguished from the natural biological background. Synthetic water-soluble phosphorus-containing polymers appear to be suitable materials for this purpose due to their adjustable chain architecture, low toxicity, and favorable pharmacokinetics. In this work, we carried out a controlled synthesis, and compared the MR properties, of several probes consisting of highly hydrophilic phosphopolymers differing in composition, structure, and molecular weight. Based on our phantom experiments, all probes with a molecular weight of ~3-400 kg·mol-1, including linear polymers based on poly(2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine) (PMPC), poly(ethyl ethylenephosphate) (PEEP), and poly[bis(2-(2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethoxy)ethoxy)]phosphazene (PMEEEP) as well as star-shaped copolymers composed of PMPC arms grafted onto poly(amidoamine) dendrimer (PAMAM-g-PMPC) or cyclotriphosphazene-derived cores (CTP-g-PMPC), were readily detected using a 4.7 T MR scanner. The highest signal-to-noise ratio was achieved by the linear polymers PMPC (210) and PMEEEP (62) followed by the star polymers CTP-g-PMPC (56) and PAMAM-g-PMPC (44). The 31P T1 and T2 relaxation times for these phosphopolymers were also favorable, ranging between 1078 and 2368 and 30 and 171 ms, respectively. We contend that select phosphopolymers are suitable for use as sensitive 31P MR probes for biomedical applications.
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Fam96b recruits brain-type creatine kinase to fuel mitotic spindle formation. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2023; 1870:119410. [PMID: 36503010 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2022.119410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Mitosis is a complicated and ordered process with high energy demands and metabolite fluxes. Cytosolic creatine kinase (CK), an enzyme involved in ATP homeostasis, has been shown to be essential to chromosome movement during mitotic anaphase in sea urchin. However, it remains elusive for the molecular mechanism underlying the recruitment of cytosolic CK by the mitotic apparatus. In this study, Fam96b/MIP18, a component of the MMXD complex with a function in Fe/S cluster supply, was identified as a brain-type CK (CKB)-binding protein. The binding of Fam96b with CKB was independent of the presence of CKB substrates and did not interfere with CKB activity. Fam96b was prone to oligomerize via the formation of intermolecular disulfide bonds, while the binding of enzymatically active CKB could modulate Fam96b oligomerization. Oligomerized Fam96b recruited CKB and the MMXD complex to associate with the mitotic spindle. Depletion of Fam96b or CKB by siRNA in the HeLa cells led to mitotic defects, which further resulted in retarded cell proliferation, increased cell death and aberrant cell cycle progression. Rescue experiments indicated that both Fam96b oligomerization and CKB activity were essential to the proper formation of mitotic spindle. These findings suggest that Fam96b may act as a scaffold protein to coordinate the supply and homeostasis of ATP and Fe/S clusters during mitosis.
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20
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Michel CP, Bendahan D, Giannesini B, Vilmen C, Le Fur Y, Messonnier LA. Effects of hydroxyurea on skeletal muscle energetics and force production in a sickle cell disease murine model. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2023; 134:415-425. [PMID: 36603048 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00333.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydroxyurea (HU) is commonly used as a treatment for patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) to enhance fetal hemoglobin production. This increased production is expected to reduce anemia (which depresses oxygen transport) and abnormal Hb content alleviating clinical symptoms such as vaso-occlusive crisis and acute chest syndrome. The effects of HU on skeletal muscle bioenergetics in vivo are still unknown. Due to the beneficial effects of HU upon oxygen delivery, improved skeletal muscle energetics and function in response to a HU treatment have been hypothesized. Muscle energetics and function were analyzed during a standardized rest-exercise-recovery protocol, using 31P-magnetic resonance spectroscopy in Townes SCD mice. Measurements were performed in three groups of mice: one group of 2-mo-old mice (SCD2m, n = 8), another one of 4-mo-old mice (SCD4m, n = 8), and a last group of 4-mo-old mice that have been treated from 2 mo of age with HU at 50 mg/kg/day (SCD4m-HU, n = 8). As compared with SCD2m mice, SCD4m mice were heavier and displayed a lower acidosis. As lower specific forces were developed by SCD4m compared with SCD2m, greater force-normalized phosphocreatine consumption and oxidative and nonoxidative costs of contraction were also reported. HU-treated mice (SCD4m-HU) displayed a significantly higher specific force production as compared with untreated mice (SCD4m), whereas muscle energetics was unchanged. Overall, our results support a beneficial effect of HU on muscle function.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Our results highlighted that force production decreases between 2 and 4 mo of age in SCD mice thereby indicating a decrease of muscle function during this period. Of interest, HU treatment seemed to blunt the observed age effect given that SCD4m-HU mice displayed a higher specific force production as compared with SCD4m mice. In that respect, HU treatment would help to maintain a higher capacity of force production during aging in SCD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David Bendahan
- CNRS, CRMBM, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | | | | | - Yann Le Fur
- CNRS, CRMBM, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Laurent A Messonnier
- Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité EA7424, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, Chambéry, France
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21
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Impact of X-Linked Hypophosphatemia on Muscle Symptoms. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13122415. [PMID: 36553684 PMCID: PMC9778127 DOI: 10.3390/genes13122415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH) is the most common hereditary form of rickets and deficiency of renal tubular phosphate transport in humans. XLH is caused by the inactivation of mutations within the phosphate-regulating endopeptidase homolog X-linked (PHEX) gene and follows an X-dominant transmission. It has an estimated frequency of 1 case per 20,000, and over 300 distinct pathogenic variations have been reported that result in an excess of fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) in the serum. Increased levels of FGF23 lead to renal phosphate loss, decreased serum 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, and increased metabolism of 1,25-dihydoxyvitamin D, resulting in hypophosphatemia. Major clinical manifestations include rickets, bone deformities, and growth retardation that develop during childhood, and osteomalacia-related fractures or pseudo-fractures, degenerative osteoarthritis, enthesopathy, dental anomalies, and hearing loss during adulthood, which can affect quality of life. In addition, fatigue is also a common symptom in patients with XLH, who experience decreased motion, muscle weakness, and pain, contributing to altered quality of life. The clinical and biomedical characteristics of XLH are extensively defined in bone tissue since skeletal deformations and mineralization defects are the most evident effects of high FGF23 and low serum phosphate levels. However, despite the muscular symptoms that XLH causes, very few reports are available on the effects of FGF23 and phosphate in muscle tissue. Given the close relationship between bones and skeletal muscles, studying the effects of FGF23 and phosphate on muscle could provide additional opportunities to understand the interactions between these two important compartments of the body. By describing the current literature on XLH and skeletal muscle dysfunctions, the purpose of this review is to highlight future areas of research that could contribute to a better understanding of XLH muscular disability and its management.
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22
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Grosicki GJ, Zepeda CS, Sundberg CW. Single muscle fibre contractile function with ageing. J Physiol 2022; 600:5005-5026. [PMID: 36268622 PMCID: PMC9722590 DOI: 10.1113/jp282298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Ageing is accompanied by decrements in the size and function of skeletal muscle that compromise independence and quality of life in older adults. Developing therapeutic strategies to ameliorate these changes is critical but requires an in-depth mechanistic understanding of the underlying physiology. Over the past 25 years, studies on the contractile mechanics of isolated human muscle fibres have been instrumental in facilitating our understanding of the cellular mechanisms contributing to age-related skeletal muscle dysfunction. The purpose of this review is to characterize the changes that occur in single muscle fibre size and contractile function with ageing and identify key areas for future research. Surprisingly, most studies observe that the size and contractile function of fibres expressing slow myosin heavy chain (MHC) I are well-preserved with ageing. In contrast, there are profound age-related decrements in the size and contractile function of the fibres expressing the MHC II isoforms. Notably, lifelong aerobic exercise training is unable to prevent most of the decrements in fast fibre contractile function, which have been implicated as a primary mechanism for the age-related loss in whole-muscle power output. These findings reveal a critical need to investigate the effectiveness of other nutritional, pharmaceutical or exercise strategies, such as lifelong resistance training, to preserve fast fibre size and function with ageing. Moreover, integrating single fibre contractile mechanics with the molecular profile and other parameters important to contractile function (e.g. phosphorylation of regulatory proteins, innervation status, mitochondrial function, fibre economy) is necessary to comprehensively understand the ageing skeletal muscle phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory J. Grosicki
- Biodynamics and Human Performance Center, Georgia Southern University (Armstrong Campus), Savannah, Georgia, USA
| | - Carlos S. Zepeda
- Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences Graduate Program, Department of Physical Therapy, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Christopher W. Sundberg
- Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences Graduate Program, Department of Physical Therapy, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
- Athletic and Human Performance Research Center, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
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23
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Grundler F, Viallon M, Mesnage R, Ruscica M, von Schacky C, Madeo F, Hofer SJ, Mitchell SJ, Croisille P, Wilhelmi de Toledo F. Long-term fasting: Multi-system adaptations in humans (GENESIS) study-A single-arm interventional trial. Front Nutr 2022; 9:951000. [PMID: 36466423 PMCID: PMC9713250 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.951000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 09/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Fasting provokes fundamental changes in the activation of metabolic and signaling pathways leading to longer and healthier lifespans in animal models. Although the involvement of different metabolites in fueling human fasting metabolism is well known, the contribution of tissues and organs to their supply remains partly unclear. Also, changes in organ volume and composition remain relatively unexplored. Thus, processes involved in remodeling tissues during fasting and food reintroduction need to be better understood. Therefore, this study will apply state-of-the-art techniques to investigate the effects of long-term fasting (LF) and food reintroduction in humans by a multi-systemic approach focusing on changes in body composition, organ and tissue volume, lipid transport and storage, sources of protein utilization, blood metabolites, and gut microbiome profiles in a single cohort. This is a prospective, single-arm, monocentric trial. One hundred subjects will be recruited and undergo 9 ± 3 day-long fasting periods (250 kcal/day). We will assess changes in the composition of organs, bones and blood lipid profiles before and after fasting, as well as high-density lipoprotein (HDL) transport and storage, untargeted metabolomics of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), protein persulfidation and shotgun metagenomics of the gut microbiome. The first 32 subjects, fasting for 12 days, will be examined in more detail by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and spectroscopy to provide quantitative information on changes in organ volume and function, followed by an additional follow-up examination after 1 and 4 months. The study protocol was approved by the ethics board of the State Medical Chamber of Baden-Württemberg on 26.07.2021 and registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05031598). The results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications, international conferences and social media. Clinical trial registration [ClinicalTrials.gov], identifier [NCT05031598].
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Magalie Viallon
- UJM-Saint-Etienne, INSA, CNRS UMR 5520, INSERM U1206, CREATIS, F-42023, Université de Lyon, Saint-Étienne, France
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital Saint-Étienne, Saint-Étienne, France
| | - Robin Mesnage
- Buchinger Wilhelmi Clinic, Überlingen, Germany
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Massimiliano Ruscica
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Frank Madeo
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- BioHealth Graz, Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Sebastian J. Hofer
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- BioHealth Graz, Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Sarah J. Mitchell
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Pierre Croisille
- UJM-Saint-Etienne, INSA, CNRS UMR 5520, INSERM U1206, CREATIS, F-42023, Université de Lyon, Saint-Étienne, France
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital Saint-Étienne, Saint-Étienne, France
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24
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Multinuclear MRI in Drug Discovery. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27196493. [PMID: 36235031 PMCID: PMC9572840 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The continuous development of magnetic resonance imaging broadens the range of applications to newer areas. Using MRI, we can not only visualize, but also track pharmaceutical substances and labeled cells in both in vivo and in vitro tests. 1H is widely used in the MRI method, which is determined by its high content in the human body. The potential of the MRI method makes it an excellent tool for imaging the morphology of the examined objects, and also enables registration of changes at the level of metabolism. There are several reports in the scientific publications on the use of clinical MRI for in vitro tracking. The use of multinuclear MRI has great potential for scientific research and clinical studies. Tuning MRI scanners to the Larmor frequency of a given nucleus, allows imaging without tissue background. Heavy nuclei are components of both drugs and contrast agents and molecular complexes. The implementation of hyperpolarization techniques allows for better MRI sensitivity. The aim of this review is to present the use of multinuclear MRI for investigations in drug delivery.
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25
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Michel CP, Messonnier LA, Giannesini B, Chatel B, Vilmen C, Le Fur Y, Bendahan D. Effects of Hydroxyurea on Skeletal Muscle Energetics and Function in a Mildly Anemic Mouse Model. Front Physiol 2022; 13:915640. [PMID: 35784862 PMCID: PMC9240423 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.915640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydroxyurea (HU) is a ribonucleotide reductase inhibitor most commonly used as a therapeutic agent in sickle cell disease (SCD) with the aim of reducing the risk of vaso-occlusion and improving oxygen transport to tissues. Previous studies suggest that HU may be even beneficial in mild anemia. However, the corresponding effects on skeletal muscle energetics and function have never been reported in such a mild anemia model. Seventeen mildly anemic HbAA Townes mice were subjected to a standardized rest-stimulation (transcutaneous stimulation)-protocol while muscle energetics using 31Phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy and muscle force production were assessed and recorded. Eight mice were supplemented with hydroxyurea (HU) for 6 weeks while 9 were not (CON). HU mice displayed a higher specific total force production compared to the CON, with 501.35 ± 54.12 N/mm3 and 437.43 ± 57.10 N/mm3 respectively (+14.6%, p < 0.05). Neither the total rate of energy consumption nor the oxidative metabolic rate were significantly different between groups. The present results illustrated a positive effect of a HU chronic supplementation on skeletal muscle function in mice with mild anemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constance P. Michel
- CRMBM, CNRS, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
- *Correspondence: Constance P. Michel,
| | - Laurent A. Messonnier
- Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, Chambéry, France
| | | | - Benjamin Chatel
- CRMBM, CNRS, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
- Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, Chambéry, France
| | | | - Yann Le Fur
- CRMBM, CNRS, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - David Bendahan
- CRMBM, CNRS, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
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26
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Chemoresistant Cancer Cell Lines Are Characterized by Migratory, Amino Acid Metabolism, Protein Catabolism and IFN1 Signalling Perturbations. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14112763. [PMID: 35681748 PMCID: PMC9179525 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14112763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary While chemoresistance remains a major barrier to improving the outcomes for patients with ovarian cancer, the molecular features, and associated biological functions, which underpin chemoresistance in ovarian cancer remain poorly understood. In this study we aimed to provide insight into the proteins and metabolites, and their associated biological pathways, which play a role in conferring chemoresistance to ovarian cancer. Through mass spectrometry analysis comparing the proteome and metabolome of chemosensitive vs chemoresistant ovarian cancer cell lines we revealed numerous perturbations in signalling and metabolic pathways in chemoresistant cells. Further comparison to primary cells taken from patients with chemoresistant or chemosensitive disease identified a shared dysregulation in cytokine and type 1 interferon signalling. Our research sets the foundation for a deeper understanding of the proteomic and metabolomic features of chemoresistance and identifies type 1 interferon signalling as a common feature of chemoresistance. Abstract Chemoresistance remains the major barrier to effective ovarian cancer treatment. The molecular features and associated biological functions of this phenotype remain poorly understood. We developed carboplatin-resistant cell line models using OVCAR5 and CaOV3 cell lines with the aim of identifying chemoresistance-specific molecular features. Chemotaxis and CAM invasion assays revealed enhanced migratory and invasive potential in OVCAR5-resistant, compared to parental cell lines. Mass spectrometry analysis was used to analyse the metabolome and proteome of these cell lines, and was able to separate these populations based on their molecular features. It revealed signalling and metabolic perturbations in the chemoresistant cell lines. A comparison with the proteome of patient-derived primary ovarian cancer cells grown in culture showed a shared dysregulation of cytokine and type 1 interferon signalling, potentially revealing a common molecular feature of chemoresistance. A comprehensive analysis of a larger patient cohort, including advanced in vitro and in vivo models, promises to assist with better understanding the molecular mechanisms of chemoresistance and the associated enhancement of migration and invasion.
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27
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Kracíková L, Ziółkowska N, Androvič L, Klimánková I, Červený D, Vít M, Pompach P, Konefał R, Janoušková O, Hrubý M, Jirák D, Laga R. Phosphorus-containing Polymeric Zwitterion: A Pioneering Bioresponsive Probe for 31 P-Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Macromol Biosci 2022; 22:e2100523. [PMID: 35246950 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202100523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
31 P-magnetic resonance (MR) is an important diagnostic technique currently used for tissue metabolites assessing, but it also has great potential for visualizing the internal body structures. However, due to the low physiological level of phosphorus-containing biomolecules, precise imaging requires the administration of an exogenous probe. Herein, we describe the synthesis and MR characterization of a pioneering metal-free 31 P-MR probe based on phosphorus-containing polymeric zwitterion. The developed probe (pTMPC) is a well-defined water-soluble macromolecule characterized by a high content of naturally rare phosphorothioate groups providing a high-intensity 31 P-MR signal clearly distinguishable from biological background both in vitro and in vitro. In addition, pTMPC can serve as a sensitive 31 P-MR sensor of pathological conditions in vivo because it undergoes oxidation-induced structural changes in the presence of reactive oxygen species. Add to this the favorable 1 H and 31 P T1 /T2 relaxation times and biocompatibility, pTMPC represents a conceptually new diagnostic, whose discovery opens up new possibilities in the field of 31 P-MR spectroscopy and imaging. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Kracíková
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, Prague, 162 06, Czech Republic.,Faculty of Chemical Technology, The University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 5, Prague, 166 28, Czech Republic
| | - Natalia Ziółkowska
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Vídeňská 1958/9, Prague, 140 21, Czech Republic.,First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Kateřinská 1660/32, Prague, 121 08, Czech Republic
| | - Ladislav Androvič
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, Prague, 162 06, Czech Republic
| | - Iveta Klimánková
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, Prague, 162 06, Czech Republic
| | - David Červený
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Vídeňská 1958/9, Prague, 140 21, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Vít
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Vídeňská 1958/9, Prague, 140 21, Czech Republic.,Faculty of Mechatronics Informatics and Interdisciplinary Studies, Technical University of Liberec, Hálkova 917, Liberec, 461 17, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Pompach
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Průmyslová 595, Vestec, 252 50, Czech Republic
| | - Rafał Konefał
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, Prague, 162 06, Czech Republic
| | - Olga Janoušková
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, Prague, 162 06, Czech Republic.,Faculty of Science, Jan Evangelista Purkyně University in Ústí nad Labem, Pasteurova 1, Ústí nad Labem, 400 96, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Hrubý
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, Prague, 162 06, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Jirák
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Vídeňská 1958/9, Prague, 140 21, Czech Republic.,Faculty of Health Studies, Technical University of Liberec, Studentská 1402/2, Liberec, 461 17, Czech Republic
| | - Richard Laga
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, Prague, 162 06, Czech Republic
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28
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Cameron D, Soto-Mota A, Willis DR, Ellis J, Procter NEK, Greenwood R, Saunders N, Schulte RF, Vassiliou VS, Tyler DJ, Schmid AI, Rodgers CT, Malcolm PN, Clarke K, Frenneaux MP, Valkovič L. Evaluation of Acute Supplementation With the Ketone Ester (R)-3-Hydroxybutyl-(R)-3-Hydroxybutyrate (deltaG) in Healthy Volunteers by Cardiac and Skeletal Muscle 31P Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy. Front Physiol 2022; 13:793987. [PMID: 35173629 PMCID: PMC8841822 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.793987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
In this acute intervention study, we investigated the potential benefit of ketone supplementation in humans by studying cardiac phosphocreatine to adenosine-triphosphate ratios (PCr/ATP) and skeletal muscle PCr recovery using phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy (31P-MRS) before and after ingestion of a ketone ester drink. We recruited 28 healthy individuals: 12 aged 23–70 years for cardiac 31P-MRS, and 16 aged 60–75 years for skeletal muscle 31P-MRS. Baseline and post-intervention resting cardiac and dynamic skeletal muscle 31P-MRS scans were performed in one visit, where 25 g of the ketone monoester, deltaG®, was administered after the baseline scan. Administration was timed so that post-intervention 31P-MRS would take place 30 min after deltaG® ingestion. The deltaG® ketone drink was well-tolerated by all participants. In participants who provided blood samples, post-intervention blood glucose, lactate and non-esterified fatty acid concentrations decreased significantly (−28.8%, p ≪ 0.001; −28.2%, p = 0.02; and −49.1%, p ≪ 0.001, respectively), while levels of the ketone body D-beta-hydroxybutyrate significantly increased from mean (standard deviation) 0.7 (0.3) to 4.0 (1.1) mmol/L after 30 min (p ≪ 0.001). There were no significant changes in cardiac PCr/ATP or skeletal muscle metabolic parameters between baseline and post-intervention. Acute ketone supplementation caused mild ketosis in blood, with drops in glucose, lactate, and free fatty acids; however, such changes were not associated with changes in 31P-MRS measures in the heart or in skeletal muscle. Future work may focus on the effect of longer-term ketone supplementation on tissue energetics in groups with compromised mitochondrial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donnie Cameron
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom
- Department of Radiology, C.J. Gorter Center for High-Field MRI, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
- *Correspondence: Donnie Cameron,
| | - Adrian Soto-Mota
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - David R. Willis
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Jane Ellis
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | - Richard Greenwood
- Radiology Department, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Neil Saunders
- Radiology Department, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Damian J. Tyler
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Albrecht Ingo Schmid
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- High Field MR Center, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christopher T. Rodgers
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Wolfson Brain Imaging Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Paul N. Malcolm
- Radiology Department, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Kieran Clarke
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | - Ladislav Valkovič
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Department of Imaging Methods, Institute of Measurement Science, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
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Frise MC, Holdsworth DA, Johnson AW, Chung YJ, Curtis MK, Cox PJ, Clarke K, Tyler DJ, Roberts DJ, Ratcliffe PJ, Dorrington KL, Robbins PA. Abnormal whole-body energy metabolism in iron-deficient humans despite preserved skeletal muscle oxidative phosphorylation. Sci Rep 2022; 12:998. [PMID: 35046429 PMCID: PMC8770476 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-03968-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Iron deficiency impairs skeletal muscle metabolism. The underlying mechanisms are incompletely characterised, but animal and human experiments suggest the involvement of signalling pathways co-dependent upon oxygen and iron availability, including the pathway associated with hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF). We performed a prospective, case-control, clinical physiology study to explore the effects of iron deficiency on human metabolism, using exercise as a stressor. Thirteen iron-deficient (ID) individuals and thirteen iron-replete (IR) control participants each underwent 31P-magnetic resonance spectroscopy of exercising calf muscle to investigate differences in oxidative phosphorylation, followed by whole-body cardiopulmonary exercise testing. Thereafter, individuals were given an intravenous (IV) infusion, randomised to either iron or saline, and the assessments repeated ~ 1 week later. Neither baseline iron status nor IV iron significantly influenced high-energy phosphate metabolism. During submaximal cardiopulmonary exercise, the rate of decline in blood lactate concentration was diminished in the ID group (P = 0.005). Intravenous iron corrected this abnormality. Furthermore, IV iron increased lactate threshold during maximal cardiopulmonary exercise by ~ 10%, regardless of baseline iron status. These findings demonstrate abnormal whole-body energy metabolism in iron-deficient but otherwise healthy humans. Iron deficiency promotes a more glycolytic phenotype without having a detectable effect on mitochondrial bioenergetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew C Frise
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Sherrington Building, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PT, UK
| | - David A Holdsworth
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Sherrington Building, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PT, UK
| | - Andrew W Johnson
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Yu Jin Chung
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Sherrington Building, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PT, UK
| | - M Kate Curtis
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Sherrington Building, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PT, UK
| | - Pete J Cox
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Sherrington Building, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PT, UK
| | - Kieran Clarke
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Sherrington Building, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PT, UK
| | - Damian J Tyler
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Sherrington Building, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PT, UK
| | - David J Roberts
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, National Blood Service Oxford Centre, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9BQ, UK
| | - Peter J Ratcliffe
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, NDM Research Building, Old Road Campus, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK
- Francis Crick Institute, London, NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Keith L Dorrington
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Sherrington Building, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PT, UK
| | - Peter A Robbins
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Sherrington Building, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PT, UK.
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Yuan X, Zhu X, Chen Y, Liu W, Qian W, Xu Y, Zhu Y. Cardiac energetics alteration in a chronic hypoxia rat model: A non-invasive in vivo31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy study. JOURNAL OF X-RAY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022; 30:165-175. [PMID: 34744047 DOI: 10.3233/xst-210985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Energetics alteration plays a crucial role in the myocardial injury process in chronic hypoxia diseases (CHD). 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) can investigate alterations in cardiac energetics in vivo. OBJECTIVE To characterize the potential value of 31P MRS in evaluating cardiac energetics alteration of chronic hypoxic rats (CHRs). METHODS Twenty-four CHRs were induced by SU5416 combined with hypoxia and divided into four groups according to the modeling time of one, two, three and five weeks, respectively. Control group also contains six rats. 31P MRS was performed weekly and the ratio of concentrations of phosphocreatine (PCr) to adenosine triphosphate (ATP) (PCr/ATP) was obtained. In addition, the cardiac structure index and systolic function parameters, including the right ventricular ejection fraction (RVEF), right ventricular end-diastolic volume index (RVEDVi), right ventricular end-systolic volume index (RVESVi), and the left ventricular function parameters, were measured. RESULTS Decreased resting cardiac PCr/ATP ratio in CHRs was observed at the first week, compared to the control group (2.90±0.35 vs. 3.31±0.45, p = 0.045), while the RVEF, RVEDVi, and RVESVi decreased at the second week (p < 0.05). The PCr/ATP ratio displayed a significant correlation with RVEF (r = 0.605, p = 0.001), RVEDVi, and RVESVi (r = -0.661, r = -0.703; p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS 31P MRS can easily detect the cardiac energetics alteration in a CHR model before the onset of ventricular dysfunction. The decreased PCr/ATP ratio likely reveales myocardial injury and cardiac dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohan Yuan
- Department of Ultrasuond, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaomei Zhu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yang Chen
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wangyan Liu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wen Qian
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yi Xu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yinsu Zhu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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31
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Lewis MT, Levitsky Y, Bazil JN, Wiseman RW. Measuring Mitochondrial Function: From Organelle to Organism. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2497:141-172. [PMID: 35771441 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2309-1_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial energy production is crucial for normal daily activities and maintenance of life. Herein, the logic and execution of two main classes of measurements are outlined to delineate mitochondrial function: ATP production and oxygen consumption. Aerobic ATP production is quantified by phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy (31PMRS) in vivo in both human subjects and animal models using the same protocols and maintaining the same primary assumptions. Mitochondrial oxygen consumption is quantified by oxygen polarography and applied in isolated mitochondria, cultured cells, and permeabilized fibers derived from human or animal tissue biopsies. Traditionally, mitochondrial functional measures focus on maximal oxidative capacity-a flux rate that is rarely, if ever, observed outside of experimental conditions. Perhaps more physiologically relevant, both measurement classes herein focus on one principal design paradigm; submaximal mitochondrial fluxes generated by graded levels of ADP to map the function for ADP sensitivity. We propose this function defines the bioenergetic role that mitochondria fill within the myoplasm to sense and match ATP demands. Any deficit in this vital role for ATP homeostasis leads to symptoms often seen in cardiovascular and cardiopulmonary diseases, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew T Lewis
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.,Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, VA Medical Center, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Yan Levitsky
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Jason N Bazil
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Robert W Wiseman
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA. .,Department of Radiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
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32
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Sedivy P, Dusilova T, Hajek M, Burian M, Krššák M, Dezortova M. In Vitro 31P MR Chemical Shifts of In Vivo-Detectable Metabolites at 3T as a Basis Set for a Pilot Evaluation of Skeletal Muscle and Liver 31P Spectra with LCModel Software. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26247571. [PMID: 34946652 PMCID: PMC8703310 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26247571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Most in vivo 31P MR studies are realized on 3T MR systems that provide sufficient signal intensity for prominent phosphorus metabolites. The identification of these metabolites in the in vivo spectra is performed by comparing their chemical shifts with the chemical shifts measured in vitro on high-field NMR spectrometers. To approach in vivo conditions at 3T, a set of phantoms with defined metabolite solutions were measured in a 3T whole-body MR system at 7.0 and 7.5 pH, at 37 °C. A free induction decay (FID) sequence with and without 1H decoupling was used. Chemical shifts were obtained of phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP), phosphatidylcholine (PtdC), phosphocholine (PC), phosphoethanolamine (PE), glycerophosphocholine (GPC), glycerophosphoetanolamine (GPE), uridine diphosphoglucose (UDPG), glucose-6-phosphate (G6P), glucose-1-phosphate (G1P), 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG), nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH and NAD+), phosphocreatine (PCr), adenosine triphosphate (ATP), adenosine diphosphate (ADP), and inorganic phosphate (Pi). The measured chemical shifts were used to construct a basis set of 31P MR spectra for the evaluation of 31P in vivo spectra of muscle and the liver using LCModel software (linear combination model). Prior knowledge was successfully employed in the analysis of previously acquired in vivo data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr Sedivy
- MR-Unit, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Videnska 1958/9, 140 21 Prague, Czech Republic; (P.S.); (T.D.); (M.H.); (M.B.)
| | - Tereza Dusilova
- MR-Unit, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Videnska 1958/9, 140 21 Prague, Czech Republic; (P.S.); (T.D.); (M.H.); (M.B.)
| | - Milan Hajek
- MR-Unit, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Videnska 1958/9, 140 21 Prague, Czech Republic; (P.S.); (T.D.); (M.H.); (M.B.)
| | - Martin Burian
- MR-Unit, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Videnska 1958/9, 140 21 Prague, Czech Republic; (P.S.); (T.D.); (M.H.); (M.B.)
| | - Martin Krššák
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
- High-Field MR Center, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Monika Dezortova
- MR-Unit, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Videnska 1958/9, 140 21 Prague, Czech Republic; (P.S.); (T.D.); (M.H.); (M.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +420-23605-5245
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33
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Carrell T, Gu M, Bosshard JC, Sun C, McDougall MP, Wright SM. Assessing the Feasibility of Dynamic 31P Spectroscopy for Metabolic Studies with a 1.0T Extremity Scanner. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2021; 69:1975-1982. [PMID: 34855583 DOI: 10.1109/tbme.2021.3132252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Objective: The feasibility of conducting in vivo non-localized 31P Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) with a 1.0T extremity scanner and the potential to increase accessibility of this important diagnostic tool for low cost applications is revisited. Methods: This work presents a custom transmit-only quadrature birdcage, four-element receive coil array, and spectrometer interfaced to a commercial ONI 1.0T magnet for enabling multi-channel, non-1H frequency capabilities. A custom, magnetic resonance compatible plantar flexion-extension exercise device was also developed to enable exercise protocols. The coils were assessed with bench measurements and 31P phantom studies before an in vivo demonstration. Results: In pulse and acquire spectroscopy of a phantom, the array was found to improve the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) by a factor of 1.31 and reduce the linewidth by 13.9% when compared to a large loop coil of the same overall size. In vivo testing results show that two averages and a four second repetition time for a temporal resolution of eight seconds was sufficient to obtain phosphocreatine recovery values and baseline pH levels aligned with expected literature values. Conclusion: Initial in vivo human skeletal muscle 31P MRS allowed successful monitoring of metabolic changes during an 18-minute exercise protocol. Significance: Adding an array coil and multinuclear capability to a commercial low-cost 1.0T extremity scanner enabled the observation of characteristic 31P metabolic information, such as the phosphocreatine recovery rate and underlying baseline pH.
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34
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Niess F, Roat S, Bogner W, Krššák M, Kemp GJ, Schmid AI, Trattnig S, Moser E, Zaitsev M, Meyerspeer M. 3D localized lactate detection in muscle tissue using double-quantum filtered 1 H MRS with adiabatic refocusing pulses at 7 T. Magn Reson Med 2021; 87:1174-1183. [PMID: 34719061 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.29061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Lactate is a key metabolite in skeletal muscle and whole-body physiology. Its MR visibility in muscle is affected by overlapping lipid signals and fiber orientation. Double-quantum filtered (DQF) 1 H MRS selectively detects lactate at 1.3 ppm, but at ultra-high field the efficiency of slice-selective 3D-localization with conventional RF pulses is limited by bandwidth. This novel 3D-localized 1 H DQF MRS sequence uses adiabatic refocusing pulses to unambiguously detect lactate in skeletal muscle at 7 T. METHODS Lactate double-quantum coherences were 3D-localized using slice-selective Shinnar-Le Roux optimized excitation and adiabatic refocusing pulses (similar to semi-LASER). DQF MR spectra were acquired at 7 T from lactate phantoms, meat specimens with injected lactate (exploring multiple TEs and fiber orientations), and human gastrocnemius in vivo during and after exercise (without cuff ischemia). RESULTS Lactate was readily detected, achieving the full potential of 50% signal with a DQF, in solution. The effects of fiber orientation and TE on the lactate doublet (peak splitting, amplitude, and phase) were in good agreement with theory and literature. Exercise-induced lactate accumulation was detected with 30 s time resolution. CONCLUSION This novel 3D-localized 1 H DQF MRS sequence can dynamically detect glycolytically generated lactate in muscle during exercise and recovery at 7 T.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Niess
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,High Field MR Center, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sigrun Roat
- High Field MR Center, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Bogner
- High Field MR Center, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Krššák
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Graham J Kemp
- Department of Musculoskeletal and Ageing Science, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Albrecht I Schmid
- High Field MR Center, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Siegfried Trattnig
- High Field MR Center, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ewald Moser
- High Field MR Center, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Maxim Zaitsev
- High Field MR Center, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Meyerspeer
- High Field MR Center, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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35
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Mandić M, Forsgren MF, Romu T, Widholm P, Sundblad P, Gustafsson T, Rullman E. Interval-induced metabolic perturbation determines tissue fluid shifts into skeletal muscle. Physiol Rep 2021; 9:e14841. [PMID: 33904652 PMCID: PMC8077120 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Intense interval exercise has proven to be as effective as traditional endurance exercise in improving maximal oxygen uptake. Shared by these two exercise regimes is an acute reduction in plasma volume, which is a suggested stimulus behind exercise-induced increases in blood volume and maximal oxygen uptake. This study aimed to link exercise-induced metabolic perturbation with volume shifts into skeletal muscle tissue. Ten healthy subjects (mean age 33 ± 8 years, 5 males and 5 females) performed three 30 s all-out sprints on a cycle ergometer. Upon cessation of exercise magnetic resonance imaging, 31 Phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy and blood samples were used to measure changes in muscle volume, intramuscular energy metabolites and plasma volume. Compared to pre-exercise, muscle volume increased from 1147.1 ± 35.6 ml to 1283.3 ± 11.0 ml 8 min post-exercise. At 30 min post-exercise, muscle volume was still higher than pre-exercise (1147.1 ± 35.6 vs. 1222.2 ± 6.8 ml). Plasma volume decreased by 16 ± 3% immediately post-exercise and recovered back to - 5 ± 6% after 30 min. Principal component analysis of exercise performance, muscle and plasma volume changes as well as changes in intramuscular energy metabolites showed generally strong correlations between metabolic and physiological variables. The strongest predictor for the volume shifts of muscle and plasma was the magnitude of glucose-6-phosphate accumulation post-exercise. Interval training leads to large metabolic and hemodynamic perturbations with accumulation of glucose-6-phosphate as a possible key event in the fluid flux between the vascular compartment and muscle tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirko Mandić
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Clinical Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, and Unit of Clinical Physiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mikael F Forsgren
- AMRA Medical AB, Linköping, Sweden.,Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.,Center for Medical Image Science and Visualization (CMIV), Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | | | - Per Widholm
- AMRA Medical AB, Linköping, Sweden.,Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.,Department of Radiology, and Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Patrik Sundblad
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Clinical Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, and Unit of Clinical Physiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Thomas Gustafsson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Clinical Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, and Unit of Clinical Physiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Eric Rullman
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Clinical Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, and Unit of Clinical Physiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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36
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Robergs RA. Quantifying H + exchange from muscle cytosolic energy catabolism using metabolite flux and H + coefficients from multiple competitive cation binding: New evidence for consideration in established theories. Physiol Rep 2021; 9:e14728. [PMID: 33904663 PMCID: PMC8077081 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this investigation was to present calculations of fractional H+ exchange (~H+e ) from the chemical reactions of non-mitochondrial energy catabolism. Data of muscle pH and metabolite accumulation were based on published research for intense exercise to contractile failure within ~3 min, from which capacities and time profiles were modeled. Data were obtained from prior research for multiple competitive cation dissociation constants of metabolites and the chemical reactions of non-mitochondrial energy catabolism, and pH dependent calculations of ~H+e from specific chemical reactions. Data revealed that the 3 min of intense exercise incurred a total ATP turnover of 142.5 mmol L-1 , with a total intramuscular ~H+ exchange (-'ve = release) of -187.9 mmol L-1 . Total ~H+ metabolic consumption was 130.6 mmol L-1 , revealing a net total ~H+e (~H+te ) of -57.3 mmol L-1 . Lactate production had a ~H+te of 44.2 mmol L-1 (for a peak accumulation = 45 mmol L-1 ). The net ~H+te for the sum of the CK, AK, and AMPD reactions was 36.33 mmol L-1 . The ~H+te from ATP turnover equaled -47.5 mmol L-1 . The total ~H+ release to lactate ratio was 4.3 (187.9/44). Muscle ~H+ release during intense exercise is up to ~4-fold larger than previously assumed based on the lactic acid construct.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert A. Robergs
- School of Exercise and Nutrition SciencesFaculty of HealthQueensland University of TechnologyKelvin GroveQLDAustralia
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37
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Ohta H, Vo NMV, Hata J, Terawaki K, Shirakawa T, Okano HJ. Utilizing Dynamic Phosphorous-31 Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy for the Early Detection of Acute Compartment Syndrome: A Pilot Study on Rats. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:586. [PMID: 33805144 PMCID: PMC8064087 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11040586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Disasters, including terrorism and earthquakes, are significant threats to people and may lead to many people requiring rescue. The longer the rescue takes, the higher the chances of an individual contracting acute compartment syndrome (ACS). ACS is fatal if diagnosed too late, and early diagnosis and treatment are essential. OBJECTIVE To assess the ability of dynamic phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy (31P-MRS) in the early detection of muscular damage in ACS. MATERIALS AND METHODS Six ACS model rats were used for serial 31P-MRS scanning (9.4 Tesla). Skeletal muscle metabolism, represented by the levels of phosphocreatine (PCr), inorganic phosphate (Pi), and adenosine triphosphate (ATP), was assessed. The PCr/(Pi + PCr) ratio, which decreases with ischemia, was compared with simultaneously sampled plasma creatine phosphokinase (CPK), a muscle damage marker. RESULTS The PCr/(Pi + PCr) ratio significantly decreased after inducing ischemia (from 0.86 ± 0.10 to 0.18 ± 0.06; p < 0.05), while CPK did not change significantly (from 89 ± 29.46 to 241.50 ± 113.28; p > 0.05). The intracellular and arterial pH index decreased over time, revealing significant differences at 120 min post-ischemia (from 7.09 ± 0.01 to 6.43 ± 0.13, and from 7.47 ± 0.03 to 7.39 ± 0.04, respectively). In the reperfusion state, the spectra and pH did not return to the original values. CONCLUSIONS The dynamic 31P-MRS technique can rapidly detect changes in muscle bioenergetics. This technique is a promising non-invasive method for determining early muscular damage in ACS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Ohta
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Research Center for Medical Sciences, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan; (H.O.); (N.-M.V.V.); (J.H.); (K.T.)
| | - Nhat-Minh Van Vo
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Research Center for Medical Sciences, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan; (H.O.); (N.-M.V.V.); (J.H.); (K.T.)
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo 116-0012, Japan;
| | - Junichi Hata
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Research Center for Medical Sciences, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan; (H.O.); (N.-M.V.V.); (J.H.); (K.T.)
| | - Koshiro Terawaki
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Research Center for Medical Sciences, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan; (H.O.); (N.-M.V.V.); (J.H.); (K.T.)
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo 116-0012, Japan;
| | - Takako Shirakawa
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo 116-0012, Japan;
| | - Hirotaka James Okano
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Research Center for Medical Sciences, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan; (H.O.); (N.-M.V.V.); (J.H.); (K.T.)
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38
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Sassani M, Alix JJ, McDermott CJ, Baster K, Hoggard N, Wild JM, Mortiboys HJ, Shaw PJ, Wilkinson ID, Jenkins TM. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy reveals mitochondrial dysfunction in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Brain 2021; 143:3603-3618. [PMID: 33439988 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awaa340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is postulated to be central to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) pathophysiology. Evidence comes primarily from disease models and conclusive data to support bioenergetic dysfunction in vivo in patients is currently lacking. This study is the first to assess mitochondrial dysfunction in brain and muscle in individuals living with ALS using 31P-magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), the modality of choice to assess energy metabolism in vivo. We recruited 20 patients and 10 healthy age and gender-matched control subjects in this cross-sectional clinico-radiological study. 31P-MRS was acquired from cerebral motor regions and from tibialis anterior during rest and exercise. Bioenergetic parameter estimates were derived including: ATP, phosphocreatine, inorganic phosphate, adenosine diphosphate, Gibbs free energy of ATP hydrolysis (ΔGATP), phosphomonoesters, phosphodiesters, pH, free magnesium concentration, and muscle dynamic recovery constants. Linear regression was used to test for associations between brain data and clinical parameters (revised amyotrophic functional rating scale, slow vital capacity, and upper motor neuron score) and between muscle data and clinico-neurophysiological measures (motor unit number and size indices, force of contraction, and speed of walking). Evidence for primary dysfunction of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation was detected in the brainstem where ΔGATP and phosphocreatine were reduced. Alterations were also detected in skeletal muscle in patients where resting inorganic phosphate, pH, and phosphomonoesters were increased, whereas resting ΔGATP, magnesium, and dynamic phosphocreatine to inorganic phosphate recovery were decreased. Phosphocreatine in brainstem correlated with respiratory dysfunction and disability; in muscle, energy metabolites correlated with motor unit number index, muscle power, and speed of walking. This study provides in vivo evidence for bioenergetic dysfunction in ALS in brain and skeletal muscle, which appears clinically and electrophysiologically relevant. 31P-MRS represents a promising technique to assess the pathophysiology of mitochondrial function in vivo in ALS and a potential tool for future clinical trials targeting bioenergetic dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matilde Sassani
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - James J Alix
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Christopher J McDermott
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Kathleen Baster
- Statistical Service Unit, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Nigel Hoggard
- Academic Unit of Radiology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Jim M Wild
- Academic Unit of Radiology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Heather J Mortiboys
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Pamela J Shaw
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Iain D Wilkinson
- Academic Unit of Radiology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Thomas M Jenkins
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
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Correa S, Scovner KM, Tumlin JA, Roy-Chaudhury P, Koplan BA, Costea AI, Kher V, Williamson D, Pokhariyal S, McClure CK, Mc Causland FR, Charytan DM. Electrolyte Changes in Contemporary Hemodialysis: A Secondary Analysis of the Monitoring in Dialysis (MiD) Study. KIDNEY360 2021; 2:695-707. [PMID: 34676372 PMCID: PMC8528069 DOI: 10.34067/kid.0007452020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a paucity of contemporary data examining electrolyte changes during and immediately after hemodialysis (HD), and their relationship with dialysate prescriptions. The present study examines these relationships. METHODS We analyzed patient- (n=66) and HD session-level pre- and post-dialysis laboratory data (n=1,713) over a six-month period from the Monitoring in Dialysis Study. We fit mixed effects regression models to analyze electrolyte, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, and albumin levels immediately post-HD, accounting for pre-HD and dialysate prescriptions. In a subset of US patients (n=40), 15-minute post-HD and 30-minute post-HD values were available at one session. Predictive models were fit to estimate electrolyte levels immediately post-HD, accounting for pre-HD concentrations and dialysate prescriptions. RESULTS Serum bicarbonate, calcium, and albumin increased (mean increase 4.9±0.3 mEq/L, 0.7±0.1 mEq/L, and 0.4±0.03 g/dL, respectively), whereas potassium, magnesium, and phosphorus decreased immediately post-HD (mean -1.2±0.1 mEq/L, -0.3±0.03 mEq/L, and -3.0±0.2 mg/dL, respectively). Hypokalemia and hypophosphatemia were present in 40% of and 67% of immediate post-HD samples, respectively. Dynamic changes were observed in electrolyte concentrations at 15- and 30-minutes post-HD, compared to immediately post-HD. CONCLUSION We describe the magnitude of post-dialytic changes in serum electrolytes with contemporary HD, reporting a high incidence of electrolyte abnormalities post-HD, and present predictive nomograms relating electrolyte changes immediately post-HD to dialysate prescriptions. Our results may be useful for clinical care and provide insights for future research on dialysate prescriptions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Correa
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Katherine Mikovna Scovner
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Prabir Roy-Chaudhury
- University of North Carolina Kidney Center, Chapel Hill, North Carolina,W. G. (Bill) Hefner Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salisbury, North Carolina
| | - Bruce A. Koplan
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Vijay Kher
- Medanta Kidney & Urology Institute, Medanta The Medicity, Haryana, India
| | - Don Williamson
- Southeastern Clinical Research Institute, Augusta, Georgia
| | | | | | - Finnian R. Mc Causland
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - David M. Charytan
- New York University School of Medicine and New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York
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Ovens AJ, Scott JW, Langendorf CG, Kemp BE, Oakhill JS, Smiles WJ. Post-Translational Modifications of the Energy Guardian AMP-Activated Protein Kinase. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22031229. [PMID: 33513781 PMCID: PMC7866021 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Physical exercise elicits physiological metabolic perturbations such as energetic and oxidative stress; however, a diverse range of cellular processes are stimulated in response to combat these challenges and maintain cellular energy homeostasis. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a highly conserved enzyme that acts as a metabolic fuel sensor and is central to this adaptive response to exercise. The complexity of AMPK’s role in modulating a range of cellular signalling cascades is well documented, yet aside from its well-characterised regulation by activation loop phosphorylation, AMPK is further subject to a multitude of additional regulatory stimuli. Therefore, in this review we comprehensively outline current knowledge around the post-translational modifications of AMPK, including novel phosphorylation sites, as well as underappreciated roles for ubiquitination, sumoylation, acetylation, methylation and oxidation. We provide insight into the physiological ramifications of these AMPK modifications, which not only affect its activity, but also subcellular localisation, nutrient interactions and protein stability. Lastly, we highlight the current knowledge gaps in this area of AMPK research and provide perspectives on how the field can apply greater rigour to the characterisation of novel AMPK regulatory modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley J. Ovens
- Metabolic Signalling Laboratory, St Vincent’s Institute of Medical Research, School of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia; (A.J.O.); (J.S.O.)
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Fitzroy, VIC 3000, Australia; (J.W.S.); (B.E.K.)
| | - John W. Scott
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Fitzroy, VIC 3000, Australia; (J.W.S.); (B.E.K.)
- Protein Chemistry & Metabolism, St Vincent’s Institute of Medical Research, School of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia;
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Christopher G. Langendorf
- Protein Chemistry & Metabolism, St Vincent’s Institute of Medical Research, School of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia;
| | - Bruce E. Kemp
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Fitzroy, VIC 3000, Australia; (J.W.S.); (B.E.K.)
- Protein Chemistry & Metabolism, St Vincent’s Institute of Medical Research, School of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia;
| | - Jonathan S. Oakhill
- Metabolic Signalling Laboratory, St Vincent’s Institute of Medical Research, School of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia; (A.J.O.); (J.S.O.)
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Fitzroy, VIC 3000, Australia; (J.W.S.); (B.E.K.)
| | - William J. Smiles
- Metabolic Signalling Laboratory, St Vincent’s Institute of Medical Research, School of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia; (A.J.O.); (J.S.O.)
- Correspondence:
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Abstract
Phosphorus, a 5A element with atomic weight of 31, comprises just over 0.6% of the composition by weight of plants and animals. Three isotopes are available for studying phosphorus metabolism and kinetics. 31P is stable, whereas the radioactive isotope 33P has a half-life of 25 days and 32P has a half-life of 14 days. Phosphate ester and phosphoanhydride are common chemical linkages and phosphorus is a key element in organic molecules involved in a wide variety of essential cellular functions. These include biochemical energy transfer via adenosine triphosphate (ATP), maintenance of genetic information with nucleotides DNA and RNA, intracellular signaling via cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), and membrane structural integrity via glycerophospholipids. However, this review focuses on the metabolism of inorganic phosphorus (Pi) acting as a weak acid. Phosphoric acid has all three hydrogens attached to oxygen and is a weak diprotic acid. It has 3 pKa values: pH 2.2, pH 7.2, and pH 12.7. At physiological pH of 7.4, Pi exists as both H2PO4(-) and HPO4(2-) and acts as an extracellular fluid (ECF) buffer. Pi is the form transported across tissue compartments and cells. Measurement of Pi in biological fluids is based on its reaction with ammonium molybdate which does not measure organic phosphorus. In humans, 80% of the body phosphorus is present in the form of calcium phosphate crystals (apatite) that confer hardness to bone and teeth, and function as the major phosphorus reservoir (Fig. 1). The remainder is present in soft tissues and ECF. Dietary phosphorus, comprising both inorganic and organic forms, is digested in the upper gastrointestinal tract. Absorbed Pi is transported to and from bone, skeletal muscle and soft tissues, and kidney at rates determined by ECF Pi concentration, rate of blood flow, and activity of cell Pi transporters (Fig. 2). During growth, there is net accretion of phosphorus, and with aging, net loss of phosphorus occurs. The bone phosphorus reservoir is depleted and repleted by overall phosphorus requirement. Skeletal muscle is rich in phosphorus used in essential biochemical energy transfer. Kidney is the main regulator of ECF Pi concentration by virtue of having a tubular maximum reabsorptive capacity for Pi (TmPi) that is under close endocrine control. It is also the main excretory pathway for Pi surplus which is passed in urine. Transcellular and paracellular Pi transports are performed by a number of transport mechanisms widely distributed in tissues, and particularly important in gut, bone, and kidney. Pi transporters are regulated by a hormonal axis comprising fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23), parathyroid hormone (PTH), and 1,25 dihydroxy vitamin D (1,25D). Pi and calcium (Ca) metabolism are intimately interrelated, and clinically neither can be considered in isolation. Diseases of Pi metabolism affect bone as osteomalacia/rickets, soft tissues as ectopic mineralization, skeletal muscle as myopathy, and kidney as nephrocalcinosis and urinary stone formation. Fig. 1 Content of phosphorus in human adult: skeleton, soft tissue, and extracellular fluid (grams, log scale). Corresponding data for calcium are shown for comparison Fig. 2 Phosphate (Pi) transport to and from tissue compartments in mg/24 h. At a dietary phosphorus of 1400 mg, 1120 mg is absorbed in upper intestine to the ECF, 210 mg returned to intestine by endogenous secretion, resulting in 910 mg net Pi absorption and 490 mg fecal excretion. At bone, 180 mg is deposited by bone formation and 180 mg return to the ECF by bone resorption. At kidney, 5040 mg is filtered at the glomerulus and 4130 mg return to the ECF by tubular reabsorption with 910 mg excreted in the urine. In soft tissue, Pi is exchanged between ECF and cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Munro Peacock
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, 1120 W Michigan Street, CL365, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
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42
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Chatel B, Bernit E, Vilmen C, Michel C, Bendahan D, Messonnier LA. In vivo muscle function and energetics in women with sickle cell anemia or trait: a 31P-magnetic resonance spectroscopy study. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2020; 130:737-745. [PMID: 33300856 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00790.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Sickle cell anemia (SCA) is a genetic hemoglobinopathy associated with an impaired oxygen delivery to skeletal muscle that could alter ATP production processes and increase intramuscular acidosis. These alterations have been already reported in the Townes mouse model of SCA but the corresponding changes in humans have not been documented. In the present study, we used 31-phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy to investigate in vivo the metabolic changes induced by a moderate-intensity exercise in twelve SCA patients, eight sickle cell trait (SCT) carriers, and twelve controls women. The rest-exercise-recovery protocol disclosed slight differences regarding phosphocreatine (PCr) consumption and lactate accumulation between SCA patients and controls but these differences did not reach a statistical significance. On that basis, the in vivo metabolic changes associated with a moderate-intensity muscle exercise were slightly altered in SCA patients and SCT carriers but within a normal range. The present results strongly support the fact that a moderate-intensity exercise is safe and could be recommended in stable SCA patients and SCT subjects.NEW & NOTEWORTHY The main finding of the present study was that the metabolic changes associated with a moderate-intensity muscle exercise were slightly modified in stable sickle cell anemia patients and sickle cell trait carriers as compared to controls but still in the normal range. The present results strongly support the safety of a moderate-intensity exercise for stable sickle cell anemia patients and sickle cell trait carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Chatel
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, CRMBM, Marseille, France.,CellMade, Le-Bourget-du-Lac, France
| | - Emmanuelle Bernit
- Service de Médecine Interne, Hôpital de la Timone, APHM, Marseille, France.,Centre de référence Antilles-Guyane pour la Drépanocytose, les Thalassémies et les maladies constitutives du Globule Rouge et de l'Erythropoïèse, Pointe à Pitre, Guadeloupe
| | | | | | - David Bendahan
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, CRMBM, Marseille, France
| | - Laurent A Messonnier
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, CRMBM, Marseille, France.,Université Savoie Mont Blanc, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité EA7424, Chambéry, France
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Evidence of Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Fibromyalgia: Deviating Muscle Energy Metabolism Detected Using Microdialysis and Magnetic Resonance. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9113527. [PMID: 33142767 PMCID: PMC7693920 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9113527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In fibromyalgia (FM) muscle metabolism, studies are sparse and conflicting associations have been found between muscle metabolism and pain aspects. This study compared alterations in metabolic substances and blood flow in erector spinae and trapezius of FM patients and healthy controls. FM patients (n = 33) and healthy controls (n = 31) underwent a clinical examination that included pressure pain thresholds and physical tests, completion of a health questionnaire, participation in microdialysis investigations of the etrapezius and erector spinae muscles, and also underwent phosphorus-31 magnetic resonance spectroscopy of the erector spinae muscle. At the baseline, FM had significantly higher levels of pyruvate in both muscles. Significantly lower concentrations of phosphocreatine (PCr) and nucleotide triphosphate (mainly adenosine triphosphate) in erector spinae were found in FM. Blood flow in erector spinae was significantly lower in FM. Significant associations between metabolic variables and pain aspects (pain intensity and pressure pain threshold PPT) were found in FM. Our results suggest that FM has mitochondrial dysfunction, although it is unclear whether inactivity, obesity, aging, and pain are causes of, the results of, or coincidental to the mitochondrial dysfunction. The significant regressions of pain intensity and PPT in FM agree with other studies reporting associations between peripheral biological factors and pain aspects.
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Yao J, Wang C, Ellingson BM. Influence of phosphate concentration on amine, amide, and hydroxyl CEST contrast. Magn Reson Med 2020; 85:1062-1078. [PMID: 32936483 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.28481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the influence of phosphate on amine, amide, and hydroxyl CEST contrast using Bloch-McConnell simulations applied to physical phantom data. METHODS Phantom solutions of 4 representative metabolites with exchangeable protons-glycine (α-amine protons), Cr (η-amine protons), egg white protein (amide protons), and glucose (hydroxyl protons)-were prepared at different pH levels (5.6 to 8.9) and phosphate concentrations (5 to 80 mM). CEST images of the phantom were collected with CEST-EPI sequence at 3 tesla. The CEST data were then fitted to full Bloch-McConnell equation simulations to estimate the exchange rate constants. With the fitted parameters, simulations were performed to evaluate the intracellular and extracellular contributions of CEST signals in normal brain tissue and brain tumors, as well as in dynamic glucose-enhanced experiments. RESULTS The exchange rates of α-amine and hydroxyl protons were found to be highly dependent on both pH and phosphate concentrations, whereas the exchange rates of η-amine and amide protons were pH-dependent, albeit not catalyzed by phosphate. With phosphate being predominantly intracellular, CEST contrast of α-amine exhibited a higher sensitivity to changes in the extracellular microenvironment. Simulations of dynamic glucose-enhanced signals demonstrated that the contrast between normal and tumor tissue was mostly due to the extracellular CEST effect. CONCLUSION The proton exchange rates in some metabolites can be greatly catalyzed by the presence of phosphate at physiological concentrations, which substantially alters the CEST contrast. Catalytic agents should be considered as confounding factors in future CEST-MRI research. This new dimension may also benefit the development of novel phosphate-sensitive imaging methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Yao
- UCLA Brain Tumor Imaging Laboratory (BTIL), Center for Computer Vision and Imaging Biomarkers, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Chencai Wang
- UCLA Brain Tumor Imaging Laboratory (BTIL), Center for Computer Vision and Imaging Biomarkers, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Benjamin M Ellingson
- UCLA Brain Tumor Imaging Laboratory (BTIL), Center for Computer Vision and Imaging Biomarkers, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
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Haeufle DFB, Siegel J, Hochstein S, Gussew A, Schmitt S, Siebert T, Rzanny R, Reichenbach JR, Stutzig N. Energy Expenditure of Dynamic Submaximal Human Plantarflexion Movements: Model Prediction and Validation by in-vivo Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:622. [PMID: 32671034 PMCID: PMC7332772 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
To understand the organization and efficiency of biological movement, it is important to evaluate the energy requirements on the level of individual muscles. To this end, predicting energy expenditure with musculoskeletal models in forward-dynamic computer simulations is currently the most promising approach. However, it is challenging to validate muscle models in-vivo in humans, because access to the energy expenditure of single muscles is difficult. Previous approaches focused on whole body energy expenditure, e.g., oxygen consumption (VO2), or on thermal measurements of individual muscles by tracking blood flow and heat release (through measurements of the skin temperature). This study proposes to validate models of muscular energy expenditure by using functional phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy (31P-MRS). 31P-MRS allows to measure phosphocreatine (PCr) concentration which changes in relation to energy expenditure. In the first 25 s of an exercise, PCr breakdown rate reflects ATP hydrolysis, and is therefore a direct measure of muscular enthalpy rate. This method was applied to the gastrocnemius medialis muscle of one healthy subject during repetitive dynamic plantarflexion movements at submaximal contraction, i.e., 20% of the maximum plantarflexion force using a MR compatible ergometer. Furthermore, muscle activity was measured by surface electromyography (EMG). A model (provided as open source) that combines previous models for muscle contraction dynamics and energy expenditure was used to reproduce the experiment in simulation. All parameters (e.g., muscle length and volume, pennation angle) in the model were determined from magnetic resonance imaging or literature (e.g., fiber composition), leaving no free parameters to fit the experimental data. Model prediction and experimental data on the energy supply rates are in good agreement with the validation phase (<25 s) of the dynamic movements. After 25 s, the experimental data differs from the model prediction as the change in PCr does not reflect all metabolic contributions to the energy expenditure anymore and therefore underestimates the energy consumption. This shows that this new approach allows to validate models of muscular energy expenditure in dynamic movements in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel F B Haeufle
- Multi-level Modeling in Motor Control and Rehabilitation Robotics, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Johannes Siegel
- Multi-level Modeling in Motor Control and Rehabilitation Robotics, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Department of Motion and Exercise Science, Institute of Sport and Movement Science, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Stefan Hochstein
- Motion Science, Institute of Sport Science, Martin-Luther-University Halle, Halle, Germany
| | - Alexander Gussew
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital Halle (Saale), Halle, Germany
| | - Syn Schmitt
- Computational Biophysics and Biorobotics, Institute for Modelling and Simulation of Biomechanical Systems, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany.,Stuttgart Center of Simulation Science, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Tobias Siebert
- Department of Motion and Exercise Science, Institute of Sport and Movement Science, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Reinhard Rzanny
- Medical Physics Group, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Jena University Hospital - Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Jürgen R Reichenbach
- Medical Physics Group, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Jena University Hospital - Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Norman Stutzig
- Department of Motion and Exercise Science, Institute of Sport and Movement Science, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
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Santos-Díaz A, Noseworthy MD. Phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy and imaging (31P-MRS/MRSI) as a window to brain and muscle metabolism: A review of the methods. Biomed Signal Process Control 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bspc.2020.101967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Sedivy P, Dezortova M, Drobny M, Dubsky M, Dusilova T, Kovar J, Hajek M. Origin of the 31 P MR signal at 5.3 ppm in patients with critical limb ischemia. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2020; 33:e4295. [PMID: 32180296 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
An unknown intense signal (Pun ) with a mean chemical shift of 5.3 ppm was observed in 31 P MR spectra from the calf muscles of patients with the diabetic foot syndrome. The aim of the study was to identify the origin of this signal and its potential as a biomarker of muscle injury. Calf muscles of 68 diabetic patients (66.3 ± 8.6 years; body mass index = 28.2 ± 4.3 kg/m2 ) and 12 age-matched healthy controls were examined by (dynamic) 31 P MRS (3 T system, 31 P/1 H coil). Phantoms (glucose-1-phosphate, Pi and PCr) were measured at pH values of 7.05 and 7.51. At rest, Pun signals with intensities higher than 50% of the Pi intensity were observed in 10 of the 68 examined diabetic subjects. We tested two hypothetical origins of the Pun signal: (1) phosphorus from phosphoesters and (2) phosphorus from extra- and intracellular alkaline phosphate pools. 2,3-diphosphoglycerate and glucose-1-phosphate are the only phosphoesters with signals in the chemical shift region close to 5.3 ppm. Both compounds can be excluded: 2,3-diphosphoglycerate due to the missing second signal component at 6.31 ppm; glucose-1-phosphate because its chemical shifts are about 0.2 ppm downfield from the Pi signal (4.9 ppm). If the Pun signal is from phosphate, it represents a pH value of 7.54 ± 0.05. Therefore, it could correspond to signals of Pi in mitochondria. However, patients with critical limb ischemia have rather few mitochondria and so the Pun signal probably originates from interstitia. Our data suggest that the increased Pun signal observed in patients with the diabetic foot syndrome is a biomarker of severe muscular damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr Sedivy
- MR Unit, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Monika Dezortova
- MR Unit, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Miloslav Drobny
- MR Unit, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Dubsky
- Department of Diabetology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tereza Dusilova
- MR Unit, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Kovar
- Experimental Medicine Centre, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Hajek
- MR Unit, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
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Chen L, Schär M, Chan KWY, Huang J, Wei Z, Lu H, Qin Q, Weiss RG, van Zijl PCM, Xu J. In vivo imaging of phosphocreatine with artificial neural networks. Nat Commun 2020; 11:1072. [PMID: 32102999 PMCID: PMC7044432 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-14874-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphocreatine (PCr) plays a vital role in neuron and myocyte energy homeostasis. Currently, there are no routine diagnostic tests to noninvasively map PCr distribution with clinically relevant spatial resolution and scan time. Here, we demonstrate that artificial neural network-based chemical exchange saturation transfer (ANNCEST) can be used to rapidly quantify PCr concentration with robust immunity to commonly seen MRI interferences. High-quality PCr mapping of human skeletal muscle, as well as the information of exchange rate, magnetic field and radio-frequency transmission inhomogeneities, can be obtained within 1.5 min on a 3 T standard MRI scanner using ANNCEST. For further validation, we apply ANNCEST to measure the PCr concentrations in exercised skeletal muscle. The ANNCEST outcomes strongly correlate with those from 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy (R = 0.813, p < 0.001, t test). These results suggest that ANNCEST has potential as a cost-effective and widely available method for measuring PCr and diagnosing related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Chen
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Research Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Michael Schär
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kannie W Y Chan
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jianpan Huang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhiliang Wei
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Research Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Hanzhang Lu
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Research Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Qin Qin
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Research Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Robert G Weiss
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Peter C M van Zijl
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Research Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jiadi Xu
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Research Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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Meyerspeer M, Boesch C, Cameron D, Dezortová M, Forbes SC, Heerschap A, Jeneson JA, Kan HE, Kent J, Layec G, Prompers JJ, Reyngoudt H, Sleigh A, Valkovič L, Kemp GJ. 31 P magnetic resonance spectroscopy in skeletal muscle: Experts' consensus recommendations. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2020; 34:e4246. [PMID: 32037688 PMCID: PMC8243949 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2019] [Revised: 12/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle phosphorus-31 31 P MRS is the oldest MRS methodology to be applied to in vivo metabolic research. The technical requirements of 31 P MRS in skeletal muscle depend on the research question, and to assess those questions requires understanding both the relevant muscle physiology, and how 31 P MRS methods can probe it. Here we consider basic signal-acquisition parameters related to radio frequency excitation, TR, TE, spectral resolution, shim and localisation. We make specific recommendations for studies of resting and exercising muscle, including magnetisation transfer, and for data processing. We summarise the metabolic information that can be quantitatively assessed with 31 P MRS, either measured directly or derived by calculations that depend on particular metabolic models, and we give advice on potential problems of interpretation. We give expected values and tolerable ranges for some measured quantities, and minimum requirements for reporting acquisition parameters and experimental results in publications. Reliable examination depends on a reproducible setup, standardised preconditioning of the subject, and careful control of potential difficulties, and we summarise some important considerations and potential confounders. Our recommendations include the quantification and standardisation of contraction intensity, and how best to account for heterogeneous muscle recruitment. We highlight some pitfalls in the assessment of mitochondrial function by analysis of phosphocreatine (PCr) recovery kinetics. Finally, we outline how complementary techniques (near-infrared spectroscopy, arterial spin labelling, BOLD and various other MRI and 1 H MRS measurements) can help in the physiological/metabolic interpretation of 31 P MRS studies by providing information about blood flow and oxygen delivery/utilisation. Our recommendations will assist in achieving the fullest possible reliable picture of muscle physiology and pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Meyerspeer
- Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical EngineeringMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
- High Field MR CenterMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Chris Boesch
- DBMR and DIPRUniversity and InselspitalBernSwitzerland
| | - Donnie Cameron
- Norwich Medical SchoolUniversity of East AngliaNorwichUK
- C. J. Gorter Center for High Field MRI, Department of RadiologyLeiden University Medical CentreLeidenthe Netherlands
| | - Monika Dezortová
- MR‐Unit, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional RadiologyInstitute for Clinical and Experimental MedicinePragueCzech Republic
| | - Sean C. Forbes
- Department of Physical TherapyUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA
| | - Arend Heerschap
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear MedicineRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Jeroen A.L. Jeneson
- Department of RadiologyAmsterdam University Medical Center|site AMCAmsterdamthe Netherlands
- Cognitive Neuroscience CenterUniversity Medical Center GroningenGroningenthe Netherlands
- Center for Child Development and Exercise, Wilhelmina Children's HospitalUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrechtthe Netherlands
| | - Hermien E. Kan
- C. J. Gorter Center for High Field MRI, Department of RadiologyLeiden University Medical CentreLeidenthe Netherlands
- Duchenne CenterThe Netherlands
| | - Jane Kent
- Department of KinesiologyUniversity of Massachusetts AmherstMAUSA
| | - Gwenaël Layec
- Department of KinesiologyUniversity of Massachusetts AmherstMAUSA
- Institute for Applied Life SciencesUniversity of MassachusettsAmherstMAUSA
| | | | - Harmen Reyngoudt
- NMR Laboratory, Neuromuscular Investigation CenterInstitute of Myology AIM‐CEAParisFrance
| | - Alison Sleigh
- Wolfson Brain Imaging CentreUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
- Wellcome Trust‐MRC Institute of Metabolic ScienceUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
- NIHR/Wellcome Trust Clinical Research FacilityCambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustCambridgeUK
| | - Ladislav Valkovič
- Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research (OCMR), RDM Cardiovascular Medicine, BHF Centre of Research ExcellenceUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
- Department of Imaging MethodsInstitute of Measurement Science, Slovak Academy of SciencesBratislavaSlovakia
| | - Graham J. Kemp
- Department of Musculoskeletal Biology and Liverpool Magnetic Resonance Imaging Centre (LiMRIC)University of LiverpoolLiverpoolUK
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Carrell T, Gu M, McDougall MP, Wright SM. Feasibility of Using a 1T Extremity Scanner with a Four-Element Array to Detect 31P in the Human Calf. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2020; 2019:6806-6809. [PMID: 31947403 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2019.8857122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The feasibility of conducting in vivo non-localized skeletal muscle 31P Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) with a low-cost extremity 1 Tesla magnet is demonstrated. We designed and built a transmit-only quadrature birdcage, four-element receive coil array, and employed a home-built spectrometer interfaced with a commercial ONI 1.0T magnet. In phantom comparison tests with a large loop coil of comparable size, the array was found to improve the SNR by a factor of 1.8 and the linewidth from 0.72 ppm to 0.45 ppm. Phantom and in vivo testing results show only 6 averages with a 4 second repetition time are required to obtain quantifiable 31P spectra. Initial in vivo human skeletal muscle 31P spectra successfully allowed for peak characterization. A low-cost approach to MRS could enable more widespread use of this tool in clinical diagnosis and in vivo metabolic research.
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