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Shultz SP, Buck AN, Fink PW, Kung SM, Ward MJ, Antal Z, Backus SI, Kraszewski AP, Hillstrom HJ. Body mass affects kinetic symmetry and inflammatory markers in adolescent knees during gait. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon) 2023; 102:105887. [PMID: 36657189 PMCID: PMC9975061 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2023.105887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early-onset osteoarthritis has been attributed to pro-inflammatory factors and biomechanical changes in obesity. However, research has yet to explore whether knee joint moments are asymmetrical in children with obesity and could precede the onset of knee osteoarthritis. The present study compares knee moment asymmetry between adolescents with and without obesity and examines the relationship between asymmetries and inflammatory biomarkers. METHODS Twenty-eight adolescents (13-16 years) were classified as with (n = 12) or without (n = 16) obesity. Lower extremity kinetics were measured using three-dimensional motion analysis. Bilateral knee joint moments were analyzed in the sagittal, frontal, and transverse planes across stance phase. Kinetic asymmetry was calculated between the right and left sides and represented by the R2 value. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays analyzed serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D, interferon gamma, tumor nercrosis factor alpha, interleukin-6, and C-reactive protein levels. Parametric and non-parametric tests determined significant group differences in asymmetries and biomarkers, respectively. Spearman's correlations identified relationships between biomarkers and asymmetries with statistically significant group differences. FINDINGS Adolescents with obesity had greater sagittal (loading, midstance) and frontal (midstance, pre-swing) plane kinetic knee asymmetry and higher concentrations of interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein. A moderately negative correlation existed between C-reactive protein and sagittal (loading, midstance) plane asymmetry, and also between interleukin-6 and frontal (pre-swing) plane asymmetry. INTERPRETATION Inflammatory response increases with greater knee joint asymmetry, suggesting knee joint damage and altered joint loading co-exist in adolescents with obesity. Increased risk to joint health may exist in sub-phases where knee joints are improperly loaded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah P Shultz
- Kinesiology Department, Seattle University, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Ashley N Buck
- Kinesiology Department, Seattle University, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Philip W Fink
- STAPS, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Bobigny, France; Institut de Biomécanique Humaine Georges Charpak, Arts et Métiers ParisTech, Paris, France.
| | - Stacey M Kung
- Sports Medicine Department, Sports Surgery Clinic, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Mary J Ward
- Weill Cornell Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Zoltan Antal
- Weill Cornell Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Sherry I Backus
- Leon Root, MD Motion Analysis Laboratory, Rehabilitation Department, Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS), New York, NY, USA.
| | - Andrew P Kraszewski
- Leon Root, MD Motion Analysis Laboratory, Rehabilitation Department, Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS), New York, NY, USA.
| | - Howard J Hillstrom
- Leon Root, MD Motion Analysis Laboratory, Rehabilitation Department, Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS), New York, NY, USA.
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Salus M, Tillmann V, Remmel L, Unt E, Mäestu E, Parm Ü, Mägi A, Tali M, Jürimäe J. Effect of Sprint Interval Training on Cardiometabolic Biomarkers and Adipokine Levels in Adolescent Boys with Obesity. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph191912672. [PMID: 36231972 PMCID: PMC9564781 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191912672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of supervised sprint interval training (SIT) on different cardiometabolic risk factors and adipokines in adolescent boys with obesity. Thirty-seven boys were allocated to either a SIT group (13.1 ± 0.3 years; body mass index [BMI]: 30.3 ± 0.9 kg·m-2) or a control group (CONT) (13.7 ± 0.4 years; BMI: 32.6 ± 1.6 kg·m-2). The SIT group performed 4-6 × 30 s all-out cycling sprints, interspersed with 4 min rest, for 3 sessions/week, during a 12-week period, while the non-exercising CONT group maintained a habitual lifestyle. Anthropometric measurements, triglycerides, fasting insulin and glucose, total cholesterol (TC), high- (HDLc) and low-density (LDLc) cholesterol, leptin and adiponectin in blood, cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), and a metabolic syndrome severity risk score (MSSS) were calculated before and after the 12-week period. Compared to baseline values, a significant reduction in MSSS was seen in the SIT group after intervention. LDLc showed favorable changes in SIT compared to CONT (-0.06 ± 0.1 vs. 0.19 ± 0.01 mmol·L-1; p = 0.025). Additionally, CRF increased in the SIT group compared to the CONT group (5.2 ± 1.1 vs. -2.1 ± 1.1 mL·min-1·kg-1, p < 0.001). Moreover, a 12-week all-out SIT training effectively improves cardiometabolic health in adolescent boys with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marit Salus
- Institute of Sports Sciences and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Ujula 4, 51008 Tartu, Estonia
- Department of Physiotherapy and Environmental Health, Tartu Health Care College, Nooruse 5, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Vallo Tillmann
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Lunini 6, 50406 Tartu, Estonia
- Children’s Clinic of Tartu University Hospital, Lunini 6, 50406 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Liina Remmel
- Institute of Sports Sciences and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Ujula 4, 51008 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Eve Unt
- Department of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Puusepa 8, 50406 Tartu, Estonia
- Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinic, Tartu University Hospital, Puusepa 8, 50406 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Evelin Mäestu
- Institute of Sports Sciences and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Ujula 4, 51008 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Ülle Parm
- Department of Physiotherapy and Environmental Health, Tartu Health Care College, Nooruse 5, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Agnes Mägi
- Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinic, Tartu University Hospital, Puusepa 8, 50406 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Maie Tali
- Department of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Puusepa 8, 50406 Tartu, Estonia
- Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinic, Tartu University Hospital, Puusepa 8, 50406 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Jaak Jürimäe
- Institute of Sports Sciences and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Ujula 4, 51008 Tartu, Estonia
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Salus M, Tillmann V, Remmel L, Unt E, Mäestu E, Parm Ü, Mägi A, Tali M, Jürimäe J. Effect of supervised sprint interval training on cardiorespiratory fitness and body composition in adolescent boys with obesity. J Sports Sci 2022; 40:2010-2017. [PMID: 36126151 DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2022.2125199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the effect of a supervised 12-week sprint interval training (SIT) on cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and body composition in adolescent boys with obesity. Twenty-eight adolescents with obesity were allocated to either an intervention group (SIT) (13.1 ± 0.3 yrs; body mass index [BMI]: 30.3 ± 0.9 kg.m-2) or a control group (CONT) (13.7 ± 0.4 yrs; BMI: 32.6 ± 1.6 kg.m-2). The SIT group performed 4-6 × 30s "all-out" cycling bouts, interspersed with 4 min of recovery 3 days a week for 12 weeks. CRF was measured by direct peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak) defined as VO2peak per kg of body mass (mL.min-1kg-1) or by VO2peak per kg of lean body mass (mL.min-1LBM-1) and body composition was assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. SIT intervention led to a significant and large between-group difference in VO2peak (p = 0.004; η2 = 0.29). Although SIT group had a significant reduction in body fat percentage (BF%) (from 41.1 ± 1.3% to 39.2 ± 1.5%; p = 0.006), there were no between-group differences in the change of the pre- and post-measures in BF% (p = 0.067). In conclusion, 12-week SIT is effective in increasing CRF and decreasing BF% in adolescent boys with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marit Salus
- Institute of Sports Sciences and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.,Department of Physiotherapy and Environmental Health, Tartu Health Care College, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Vallo Tillmann
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.,Children's Clinic of Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Liina Remmel
- Institute of Sports Sciences and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Eve Unt
- Department of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.,Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinic, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Evelin Mäestu
- Institute of Sports Sciences and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Ülle Parm
- Department of Physiotherapy and Environmental Health, Tartu Health Care College, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Agnes Mägi
- Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinic, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Maie Tali
- Department of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.,Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinic, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Jaak Jürimäe
- Institute of Sports Sciences and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
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Pubertal Physical Activity and Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Relation to Late Adolescent Body Fatness in Boys: A 6-Year Follow-Up Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18094881. [PMID: 34063732 PMCID: PMC8125597 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18094881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
There is a lack of studies investigating whether objectively measured physical activity (PA) and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) in puberty is associated with healthier body composition in late adolescence. The study sample included 71 boys, who were measured at puberty (mean age of 12.1 years) and again at late adolescence (mean age of 18.1 years). Physical activity was measured by accelerometry, and total PA, moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA), and sedentary time (SED) were calculated, while CRF was assessed by a peak oxygen consumption test. Body composition was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and body fat percentage (%BF), fat mass index (FMI), trunk fat mass index (TFMI), and fat-free mass index (FFMI) were calculated. Body mass index (BMI) and SED time increased, while MVPA, total PA, and CRF decreased from puberty to late adolescence. A relatively high degree of tracking for BMI and CRF, and a low tracking for PA from puberty to late adolescence was observed. Only the CRF value at puberty negatively predicted adolescent BF% (β = -0.221; p = 0.015), FMI (β = -0.212; p = 0.006), and TFMI (β = -0.189; p = 0.015) values. Adolescents whose CRF was above the median at puberty had lower BMI, BF%, FMI, and TFMI in comparison to those whose CRF was below the median at puberty. In conclusion, measured CRF and PA values decreased from puberty to late adolescence. Pubertal CRF predicted body fatness indices six years later in healthy adolescents.
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Hart RJ, Doherty DA, Mori TA, Adams LA, Huang RC, Minaee N, Handelsman DJ, McLachlan R, Norman RJ, Dickinson JE, Olynyk JK, Beilin LJ. Features of the metabolic syndrome in late adolescence are associated with impaired testicular function at 20 years of age. Hum Reprod 2020; 34:389-402. [PMID: 30576537 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dey371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Are early signs of metabolic disorder in late adolescence associated with features of impaired testicular function many years before the majority seek parenthood? SUMMARY ANSWER Adolescents with features of metabolic disorder at 17 years, or insulin resistance (IR) at 20 years of age, show impaired testicular function and altered hormone levels compared to those without metabolic disorder. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Controversial evidence suggests a recent decline in sperm production potentially linked to environmental influences, but its cause remains unclear. Concomitant increases in obesity and diabetes suggest that lifestyle factors may contribute to this decline in testicular function. Although obesity has been associated with adverse testicular function in some studies, it remains unclear whether poor testicular function merely reflects, or causes, poor metabolic health. If metabolic disorder were present in adolescence, prior to the onset of obesity, this may suggest that metabolic disorder maybe a precursor of impaired testicular function. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION The Western Australian Pregnancy Cohort (Raine) Study is a longitudinal study of children born in 1989-1991 who have undergone detailed physical assessments since birth (1454 male infants born). At 17 years of age, 490 boys underwent a hepatic ultrasound examination, serum cytokine assessment (n = 520) and a metabolic assessment (n = 544). A further metabolic assessment was performed at 20 years (n = 608). Testicular assessment was performed at 20 years; 609 had reproductive hormones measured, 404 underwent a testicular ultrasound and 365 produced a semen sample. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Testicular volume was estimated by ultrasonography, and semen analysis was performed according to World Health Organization guidelines. Concentrations of LH, FSH and inhibin B (inhB) in serum were measured by immunoassay and total testosterone by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.At 17 years of age, a liver ultrasound examination was performed to determine the presence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and serum analysed for the cytokines interleukin-18 and soluble tumour necrosis factor receptor 1 and 2 (sTNFR1, sTNFR2).At 17 and 20 years of age, fasting blood samples were analysed for serum liver enzymes, insulin, glucose, triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein and low density lipoprotein cholesterol, high sensitivity C-reactive protein and uric acid. The homoeostatic model assessment (HOMA) was calculated and approximated IR was defined by a HOMA >4. Anthropometric data was collected and dual energy X-ray absorptiometry measurement performed for lean and total fat mass. As at this young age the prevalence of metabolic syndrome was expected to be low, a two-step cluster analysis was used using waist circumference, TGs, insulin, and systolic blood pressure to derive a distinct high-risk group with features consistent with the metabolic syndrome and increased cardiometabolic risk. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE Men at age 17 years with increased cardiometabolic risk had lower concentrations of serum testosterone (medians: 4.0 versus 4.9 ng/mL) and inhB (193.2 versus 221.9 pg/mL) (P < 0.001 for both) compared to those within the low risk metabolic cluster. Men with ultrasound evidence of NAFLD (n = 45, 9.8%) had reduced total sperm output (medians: 68.0 versus 126.00 million, P = 0.044), testosterone (4.0 versus 4.7 ng/mL, P = 0.005) and inhB (209.1 versus 218.4 pg/mL, P = 0.032) compared to men without NAFLD.Men with higher concentrations of sTNFR1 at 17 years of age had a lower sperm output and serum concentration of inhB, with an increase in LH and FSH (all P < 0.05 after adjustment for age, BMI, abstinence and a history of cryptorchidism, varicocele, cigarette smoking, alcohol and drug use), compared to those without an elevated sTNFR1. Multivariable regression analysis, adjusting for confounders, demonstrated that men in the high-risk metabolic cluster at 20 years had a lower serum testosterone and inhB (P = 0.003 and P = 0.001, respectively). A HOMA-IR > 4 was associated with a lower serum testosterone (P = <0.001) and inhB (P = 0.010) and an increase in serum FSH (P = 0.015). LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION This study is limited by the sample size and multiple comparisons, and causality cannot be proven from an observational study. Due to a 3-year interval between some metabolic assessments and assessment of testicular function, we cannot exclude the introduction of a bias into the study, as some of the participants and their testicular function will not have been fully mature at the 17-year assessment. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS Irrespective of a proven causation, our study findings are important in that a significant minority of the men, prior to seeking parenthood, presented co-existent features of metabolic disorder and signs of testicular impairment. Of particular note is that the presence of NAFLD at 17 years of age, although only present in a minority of men, was associated with an almost 50% reduction in sperm output at 20 years of age, and that the presence of IR at 20 years was associated with a 20% reduction in testicular volume. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) This study was supported by Australian NHMRC (Grant Numbers 634457, 35351417 and 403981) and received support from the Raine Medical Research Foundation, The Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Women and Infants Research Foundation, Curtin University and Edith Cowan University. D.A.D., J.E.D., N.M., L.A.A., R.-C.H., T.A.M., J.K.O., L.J.B. have nothing to declare. R.J.H. is Medical Director of Fertility Specialists of Western Australia, has equity interests in Western IVF, and has received grant support from MSD, Merck-Serono and Ferring Pharmaceuticals. RMcL has equity interests in the Monash IVF Group. R.J.N. has equity interests in FertilitySA, and has received grant support from Merck Serono and Ferring Pharmaceuticals. D.J.H. has received institutional grant funding (but no personal income) for investigator-initiated testosterone pharmacology studies from Lawley and Besins Healthcare and has provided expert testimony to anti-doping tribunals and for testosterone litigation.This abstract was awarded the Fertility Society of Australia clinical exchange award for the oral presentation at ESHRE, Barcelona, in 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- R J Hart
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Western Australia (UWA), Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,Fertility Specialists of Western Australia, Claremont, Western Australia, Australia
| | - D A Doherty
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Western Australia (UWA), Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,Women and Infants Research Foundation, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - T A Mori
- Medical School, UWA, Royal Perth Hospital, Western Australia, Australia
| | - L A Adams
- Medical School, UWA, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - R-C Huang
- Telethon Kids Institute, UWA, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - N Minaee
- Women and Infants Research Foundation, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - D J Handelsman
- ANZAC Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - R McLachlan
- Hudson Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - R J Norman
- Robinson Institute, Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Adelaide & Fertility SA, Adelaide, Australia
| | - J E Dickinson
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Western Australia (UWA), Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - J K Olynyk
- Department of Gastroenterology, Fiona Stanley and Fremantle Hospital and School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - L J Beilin
- Medical School, UWA, Royal Perth Hospital, Western Australia, Australia
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Zheng M, Chang B, Tian L, Shan C, Chen H, Gao Y, Huang G, Zhang M. Relationship between inflammatory markers and mild cognitive impairment in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes: a case-control study. BMC Endocr Disord 2019; 19:73. [PMID: 31296192 PMCID: PMC6624933 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-019-0402-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies have indicated that inflammatory markers were associated with the risk of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in type 2 diabetes (T2D). Serum folate was related to MCI as well as inflammation. However, no studies have investigated the association between inflammatory markers and MCI taking account of serum folate level in T2D patients. This study aimed to conduct a case-control study to evaluate the association between inflammatory markers and MCI taking account of serum folate level in Chinese patients with T2D. METHODS This study consisted of 126 T2D patients (63 cases with MCI and 63 controls without MCI). Clinical parameters, serum folate, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were measured. Spearman correlation analysis and logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the association between the inflammatory markers and the risk of MCI in T2D patients. RESULTS There were higher serum hs-CRP, IL-6 and TNF-α in T2D cases with MCI compared with the controls. Serum folate was negatively correlated with hs-CRP, TNF-α, and IL-6 (P < 0.05). In multivariate analysis, there were significant associations between serum IL-6 or hs-CRP and MCI after adjusting for the confounding variables, however, the association between hs-CRP and MCI disappeared after further adjusting for serum folate. Further subgroup analysis revealed that the significant association between hs-CRP and MCI only existed in the low folate subgroup (< 7.0 μg/L; OR = 3.34, 95% CI: 1.05-10.64), not in the high folate subgroup (≥7.0 μg/L; OR = 2.16, 95% CI: 0.68-6.88) after adjusting for the confounding variables. CONCLUSIONS Serum IL-6 and hs-CRP were associated with the risk of MCI in Chinese patients with T2D. Serum folate might modify the association between serum hs-CRP and MCI in T2D patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaoyan Zheng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Metabolic Diseases Hospital & Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Baocheng Chang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Metabolic Diseases Hospital & Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Liqiang Tian
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tianjin Chest Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Chunyan Shan
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Metabolic Diseases Hospital & Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hui Chen
- School of Nursing, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuxia Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Guowei Huang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin, China
- Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin, China
| | - Meilin Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin, China
- Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin, China
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Development of chronic pain in males with traumatic spinal cord injury: role of circulating levels of the chemokines CCL2 and CXCL10 in subacute stage. Spinal Cord 2019; 57:953-959. [PMID: 31182785 DOI: 10.1038/s41393-019-0311-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2018] [Revised: 03/31/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN Longitudinal study. OBJECTIVES To assess the impact of spinal cord injury (SCI) on circulating levels of chemokines (CCL2 and CXCL10) and its relation with pain development. SETTING National Hospital for SCI patients. METHODS We longitudinally studied changes in the circulating levels of CCL2 and CXCL10 in 27 male patients with complete SCI who were evaluated in the early subacute phase and indeed 3 and 6 months after injury measuring at each time-point serum levels of CCL2 and CXCL10. Patients were telephonically interviewed about pain 1 year after SCI. RESULTS In the early subacute phase, patients with pain showed higher CXCL10 and similar CCL2 levels as opposed to those without pain. Moreover, CCL2 concentrations were positively associated with pain intensity. The results obtained by analysing the temporal profile of the chemokines suggested that CXCL10 was inclined to decrease over time, while CCL2 increased over time. CONCLUSION The results of this preliminary study, the first performed in humans with traumatic SCI, suggest a link between changes in the circulating chemokine profile and pain development in subacute SCI stage as well as with severity in a more chronic stage. Large series studies will evaluate whether the circulating chemokine status can be useful as a biomarker for assessing the patients' risk for pain development.
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Mengel E, Tillmann V, Remmel L, Kool P, Purge P, Lätt E, Jürimäe J. The associations between the changes in serum inflammatory markers and bone mineral accrual in boys with overweight and obesity during pubertal maturation: a 3-year longitudinal study in Estonian boys. Osteoporos Int 2018; 29:2069-2078. [PMID: 29858631 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-018-4580-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Adipose tissue produces different inflammatory cytokines which compromise bone mineral accrual during puberty. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), epidermal growth factor (EGF), interleukin (IL)-8, and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) are significantly related to bone mineral accrual during pubertal maturation in boys with different BMI values. INTRODUCTION This longitudinal study aims to identify the inflammatory markers that most strongly associate with pubertal bone mineral density (BMD) increment in boys with overweight and obesity (OWB). METHODS Twenty-six OWB and 29 normal-weight boys were followed yearly for 3 years to measure changes in 12 serum inflammatory markers, BMD (by DXA), and apparent volumetric BMD. The OWB group was further divided into two subgroups according to their BMI gain during the 3-year period. Data through time points presented as slopes were used to calculate correlation coefficients to explore the possible relationships between variables of interest. In the whole study group, linear mixed effects (LME) models were also used. RESULTS Increment in serum VEGF concentration was inversely associated with an increase in total body (TB) BMD (r = - 0.82, P = 0.02) and TB bone mineral content (BMC)/height (r = - 0.82, P = 0.02) in those OWB whose BMI gain was higher during pubertal years. In the whole study group, the LME model confirmed the inverse association between VEGF and TB BMC/height (P < 0.05). EGF was inversely associated with LS BMD and LS BMAD (P < 0.05), whereas there was a positive association between IL-8 and TB BMAD and between IFN-γ and LS BMD (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Lower increment in BMD in OWB with higher BMI gain is associated with increasing serum VEGF concentration during pubertal maturation. VEGF, EGF, IL-8, and IFN-γ are significantly associated with BMD during pubertal maturation in boys with different BMI values.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Mengel
- Institute of Sport Sciences and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Jakobi 5, 50411, Tartu, Estonia.
- Children's Clinic of Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia.
| | - V Tillmann
- Children's Clinic of Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - L Remmel
- Institute of Sport Sciences and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Jakobi 5, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
| | - P Kool
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - P Purge
- Institute of Sport Sciences and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Jakobi 5, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
| | - E Lätt
- Institute of Sport Sciences and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Jakobi 5, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
| | - J Jürimäe
- Institute of Sport Sciences and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Jakobi 5, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
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Jürimäe J, Lätt E, Remmel L, Purge P, Tillmann V. Longitudinal changes in bone-testis axis and their associations with insulin resistance in 11- to 12-year-old boys. Bone 2018; 108:115-120. [PMID: 29309847 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2018.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Revised: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Associations between osteocalcin (OCN), an osteoblast-specific hormone, and different markers of energy metabolism and insulin resistance have been reported in adults, but few studies have investigated this in children. The aim of the current study was to investigate serum OCN levels during pubertal development in normal weight (NW) and overweight (OW) boys, and to evaluate possible associations of OCN with body composition, testosterone, insulin resistance and adipocytokine values during puberty. METHODS Ninety 11- to 12-year-old boys were investigated at 12-month intervals over the next 2years. Boys were divided by their BMI into NW (n=60) and OW (n=30) groups. Serum OCN, testosterone, leptin, adiponectin, insulin, HOMA-IR score, and body composition were measured. RESULTS Pubertal development over the 2-year period was similar in both groups. Serum OCN was not different at the beginning of the study and increased similarly in both groups. However, at the end of the study, NW had higher OCN than OW (142.9±5.2 vs. 124.0±7.4ng/ml; p<0.05). OW had higher leptin, insulin and HOMA-IR compared to NW, and these differences remained significant through the 2-year period. Testosterone, insulin and HOMA-IR increased through the study period in both groups. In multiple regression analyses increment in OCN was associated with the increase in testosterone in NW (p<0.001) and OW (p=0.049) boys. Increment in OCN was also associated with the increase in insulin (p=0.019) and HOMA-IR (p=0.012) over the 2-year period in NW boys. CONCLUSION Serum OCN concentration increases in puberty and the increment is positively associated with the rise in testosterone level in both NW and OW boys. The positive association between the rise in OCN and insulin in NW boys would suggest that OCN may have a role in the development of insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaak Jürimäe
- Institute of Sport Sciences and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.
| | - Evelin Lätt
- Institute of Sport Sciences and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Liina Remmel
- Institute of Sport Sciences and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Priit Purge
- Institute of Sport Sciences and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Vallo Tillmann
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
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Can the gastrointestinal microbiota be modulated by dietary fibre to treat obesity? Ir J Med Sci 2017; 187:393-402. [DOI: 10.1007/s11845-017-1686-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Mengel E, Tillmann V, Remmel L, Kool P, Purge P, Lätt E, Jürimäe J. Extensive BMI Gain in Puberty is Associated with Lower Increments in Bone Mineral Density in Estonian Boys with Overweight and Obesity: A 3-Year Longitudinal Study. Calcif Tissue Int 2017; 101:174-181. [PMID: 28374175 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-017-0273-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this 3-year prospective study was to examine changes in bone mineral characteristics during pubertal maturation in boys with different BMI values at the beginning of puberty and with different BMI increments during puberty. 26 boys with overweight and obesity (OWB) and 29 normal weight boys (NWB) were studied yearly for 3 years from the age of 11 years to measure the changes in different bone mineral characteristics. The OWB group was further divided into two subgroups according to extensive or non-extensive BMI increment during 3-year period. OWB had higher (P < 0.01) baseline total body (TB) bone mineral density (BMD), TB bone mineral content (BMC), TB BMC for height, lumbar spine (LS) BMD, and LS BMC compared to NWB. Throughout the study period, OWB gained more TB BMD (P = 0.0001), TB BMC (P = 0.0048), TB BMC for height (P = 0.0124), LS BMD (P = 0.0029), and LS BMC (P = 0.0022) compared to NWB. Also during the study period, TB BMD (P = 0.0065), TB BMC (P = 0.0141), TB BMC for height (P = 0.0199), LS BMD (P = 0.0066), LS apparent volumetric BMD (BMAD) (P = 0.0075), and LS BMC (P = 0.017) increased significantly less in those OWB whose BMI increased more extensively. Extensive BMI gain is associated with lower increments in bone mineral characteristics in boys with overweight and obesity. Unfavorable increment in total body fat mass and percentage during pubertal years could be one reason for that.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Mengel
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Sport Sciences and Physiotherapy, University of Tartu, Jakobi 5, 50411, Tartu, Estonia.
- Children's Clinic of Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia.
| | - Vallo Tillmann
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- Children's Clinic of Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Liina Remmel
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Sport Sciences and Physiotherapy, University of Tartu, Jakobi 5, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Pille Kool
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Priit Purge
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Sport Sciences and Physiotherapy, University of Tartu, Jakobi 5, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Evelin Lätt
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Sport Sciences and Physiotherapy, University of Tartu, Jakobi 5, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Jaak Jürimäe
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Sport Sciences and Physiotherapy, University of Tartu, Jakobi 5, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
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Jürimäe J, Võsoberg K, Tamm AL, Maasalu K, Remmel L, Tillmann V. Body composition and inflammatory markers in pubertal girls: Comparison between athletes and non-athletic controls. Eur J Sport Sci 2017; 17:867-873. [DOI: 10.1080/17461391.2017.1315177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jaak Jürimäe
- Institute of Sport Sciences and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Kristel Võsoberg
- Institute of Sport Sciences and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | | | - Katre Maasalu
- Clinics of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Liina Remmel
- Institute of Sport Sciences and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Vallo Tillmann
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
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