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Wang K, Xu W, He W, Ding M, Xia T, Tan X. Simiao Wan attenuates high-fat diet-induced hyperlipidemia in mice by modulating the gut microbiota-bile acid axis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 337:118868. [PMID: 39357583 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2024] [Revised: 09/27/2024] [Accepted: 09/28/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Hyperlipidemia is a lipid metabolism disorder and a risk factor for obesity, diabetes, and coronary heart disease. It occurs mostly in the old adults; however, its incidence rate is increasing annually and there is a trend towards younger adults. Current clinical drugs for treating hyperlipidemia have multiple side effects. Therefore, it is necessary to develop safe and effective drugs from natural products to prevent and treat hyperlipidemia. Simiao Wan (SMW) is a classic Chinese medicine prescription first recorded in the Cheng Fang Bian Du of the Qing Dynasty. Studies have shown that SMW has excellent efficacy in metabolic diseases, which can effectively improve hyperlipidemia combined with other metabolic diseases. However, its underlying mechanism in hyperlipidemia treatment is yet to be clarified. AIM OF THE STUDY To investigate the hypolipidemic effect of SMW on hyperlipidemic mice and explore whether the gut microbiota-bile acid (BA) axis is the potential mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS A hyperlipidemic mouse model was established using a high-fat diet (HFD), and the hypolipidemic effect of SMW was detected in vivo. We performed 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing and BA metabolism analysis to explore the hypolipidemic mechanisms of SMW. Western blotting was conducted to detect the expression of proteins involved in the gut microbiota-bile acid axis to determine the potential lipid-lowering pathway. RESULTS Excessive obesity in hyperlipidemic mice was alleviated after 8 weeks of SMW treatment. The total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels decreased significantly, whereas high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels increased. SMW also reduced hepatic lipid and inguinal white adipose tissue accumulation in HFD-induced hyperlipidemic mice. Furthermore, intestinal bile saline hydrolase (BSH) level, associated with BA excretion, decreased. Meanwhile, SMW decreased the abundance of BSH-enriched microbes in hyperlipidemic mice. SMW increased the intestinal conjugated-BAs contents in hyperlipidemic mice, especially tauro-β-muricholic acid and tauro-ursodeoxycholic acid, which are ileac farnesoid X receptor (FXR) antagonists. Inhibited intestinal FXR signaling with SMW was accompanied by a decreased expression of intestinal fibroblast growth factor 15 and the activation of hepatic FXR, which promoted hepatic cholesterol conversion to BA. CONCLUSION SMW indirectly attenuated HFD-induced hyperlipidemia in mice by regulating the gut microbiota-BA axis. Our results provide a pharmacological basis for SMW treating hyperlipidemia and suggest a new idea for developing lipid-lowering drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China.
| | - Wenjie Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research and Development in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510095, PR China.
| | - Wen He
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China.
| | - Mengze Ding
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China.
| | - Ting Xia
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China; Guangxi Engineering Technology Research Center of Advantage Chinese Patent Drug and Ethnic Drug Development, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530020, PR China.
| | - Xiaomei Tan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China.
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Tsirigotis-Maniecka M, Górska E, Mazurek-Hołys A, Pawlaczyk-Graja I. Unlocking the Potential of Food Waste: A Review of Multifunctional Pectins. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:2670. [PMID: 39339134 PMCID: PMC11436238 DOI: 10.3390/polym16182670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2024] [Revised: 09/19/2024] [Accepted: 09/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
This review comprehensively explores the multifunctional applications of pectins derived from food waste and by-products, emphasizing their role as versatile biomaterials in the medical-related sectors. Pectins, known for their polyelectrolytic nature and ability to form hydrogels, influence the chemical composition, sensory properties, and overall acceptability of food and pharmaceutical products. The study presents an in-depth analysis of molecular parameters and structural features of pectins, such as the degree of esterification (DE), monosaccharide composition, galacturonic acid (GalA) content, and relative amounts of homogalacturonan (HG) and rhamnogalacturonan I (RG-I), which are critical for their technofunctional properties and biological activity. Emphasis is placed on pectins obtained from various waste sources, including fruits, vegetables, herbs, and nuts. The review also highlights the importance of structure-function relationships, especially with respect to the interfacial properties and rheological behavior of pectin solutions and gels. Biological applications, including antioxidant, immunomodulatory, anticancer, and antimicrobial activities, are also discussed, positioning pectins as promising biomaterials for various functional and therapeutic applications. Recalled pectins can also support the growth of probiotic bacteria, thus increasing the health benefits of the final product. This detailed review highlights the potential of using pectins from food waste to develop advanced and sustainable biopolymer-based products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Tsirigotis-Maniecka
- Laboratory of Bioproduct Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wyb. Wyspianskiego 29, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Górska
- Laboratory of Bioproduct Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wyb. Wyspianskiego 29, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Mazurek-Hołys
- Laboratory of Bioproduct Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wyb. Wyspianskiego 29, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Izabela Pawlaczyk-Graja
- Laboratory of Bioproduct Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wyb. Wyspianskiego 29, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
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Liu Q, Xu Y, Lv X, Guo C, Zhu H, Yang L, Wang Y. 2', 3', 5'-tri-O-acetyl-N6-(3-hydroxyphenyl) adenosine alleviates diet-induced hyperlipidemia by modulating intestinal gene expression profiles and metabolic pathway. Life Sci 2024; 352:122891. [PMID: 38977060 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
There is a growing body of evidence suggesting that the composition of intestinal flora plays a significant role in regulating lipid metabolism. 2', 3', 5'-tri-O-acetyl-N6-(3-hydroxyphenyl) adenosine (IMMH007) is a new candidate compound for regulating blood cholesterol and other lipids. In this study, we conducted metagenomic and metabolomic analyses on samples from high-fat diet-fed (HFD) hamsters treated with IMMH007. Our findings revealed that IMM-H007 reversed the imbalance of gut microbiota caused by a high-fat diet. Additionally, it activated adiponectin receptor and pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis pathway-related genes, which are known to regulate lipid and glucose metabolism. Furthermore, IMM-H007 promotes cholesterol metabolism by reducing the abundance of genes and species associated with 7α-dehydroxylation and bile salt hydrolase (BSH). Metabolomics and pharmacological studies have shown that IMM-H007 effectively improved glucose and lipid metabolism disorders caused by HFD, reduced the aggregation of secondary bile acids (SBAs), significantly increased the content of hyodeoxycholic acid (HDCA), and also activated the expression of VDR in the small intestine. As a result, there was a reduction in the leakage of diamine oxidase (DAO) into the bloodstream in hamsters, accompanied by an upregulation of ZO-1 expression in the small intestine. The results suggested that IMM-H007 regulated glucose and lipid metabolism, promoted cholesterol metabolism through activating the expression of VDR, inhibiting inflammatory and improving the permeability of the intestinal barrier. Thus, our study provides new understanding of how IMM-H007 interacts with intestinal function, microbiota, and relevant targets, shedding light on its mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qifeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines and Beijing Key Laboratory of New Drug Mechanisms and Pharmacological Evaluation Study, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; Core Facilities, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yue Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines and Beijing Key Laboratory of New Drug Mechanisms and Pharmacological Evaluation Study, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xueqi Lv
- State Key Laboratory for Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines and Beijing Key Laboratory of New Drug Mechanisms and Pharmacological Evaluation Study, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Congcong Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines and Beijing Key Laboratory of New Drug Mechanisms and Pharmacological Evaluation Study, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Haibo Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines and Beijing Key Laboratory of New Drug Mechanisms and Pharmacological Evaluation Study, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Liu Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines and Beijing Key Laboratory of New Drug Mechanisms and Pharmacological Evaluation Study, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
| | - Yinghong Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines and Beijing Key Laboratory of New Drug Mechanisms and Pharmacological Evaluation Study, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
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Wang X, Lu C, Li X, Ye P, Ma J, Chen X. Exploring causal effects of gut microbiota and metabolites on body fat percentage using two-sample Mendelian randomization. Diabetes Obes Metab 2024; 26:3541-3551. [PMID: 38828839 DOI: 10.1111/dom.15692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
AIM The relationship between the gut microbiota, metabolites and body fat percentage (BFP) remains unexplored. We systematically assessed the causal relationships between gut microbiota, metabolites and BFP using Mendelian randomization analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with gut microbiota, blood metabolites and BFP were screened via a genome-wide association study enrolling individuals of European descent. Summary data from genome-wide association studies were extracted from the MiBioGen consortium and the UK Biobank. The inverse variance-weighted model was the primary method used to estimate these causal relationships. Sensitivity analyses were performed using pleiotropy, Mendelian randomization-Egger regression, heterogeneity tests and leave-one-out tests. RESULTS In the aspect of phyla, classes, orders, families and genera, we observed that o_Bifidobacteriales [β = -0.05; 95% confidence interval (CI): -0.07 to -0.03; false discovery rate (FDR) = 2.76 × 10-3], f_Bifidobacteriaceae (β = -0.05; 95% CI: -0.07 to -0.07; FDR = 2.76 × 10-3), p_Actinobacteria (β = -0.06; 95% CI: -0.09 to -0.03; FDR = 6.36 × 10-3), c_Actinobacteria (β = -0.05; 95% CI: -0.08 to -0.02; FDR = 1.06 × 10-2), g_Bifidobacterium (β = -0.05; 95% CI: -0.07 to -0.02; FDR = 1.85 × 10-2), g_Ruminiclostridium9 (β = -0.03; 95% CI: -0.06 to -0.01; FDR = 4.81 × 10-2) were negatively associated with BFP. G_Olsenella (β = 0.02; 95% CI: 0.01-0.03; FDR = 2.16 × 10-2) was positively associated with BFP. Among the gut microbiotas, f_Bifidobacteriales, o_Bifidobacteriales, c_Actinobacteria and p_Actinobacteria were shown to be significantly associated with BFP in the validated dataset. In the aspect of metabolites, we only observed that valine (β = 0.77; 95% CI: 0.5-1.04; FDR = 8.65 × 10-6) was associated with BFP. CONCLUSIONS Multiple gut microbiota and metabolites were strongly associated with an increased BFP. Further studies are required to elucidate the mechanisms underlying this putative causality. In addition, BFP, a key indicator of obesity, suggests that obesity-related interventions can be developed from gut microbiota and metabolite perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Wang
- AIage Life Science Corporation Ltd., Guangxi Free Trade Zone Aisheng Biotechnology Corporation Ltd., Nanning, China
| | - Chunrong Lu
- AIage Life Science Corporation Ltd., Guangxi Free Trade Zone Aisheng Biotechnology Corporation Ltd., Nanning, China
| | - Xiang Li
- AIage Life Science Corporation Ltd., Guangxi Free Trade Zone Aisheng Biotechnology Corporation Ltd., Nanning, China
- Medical College, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Pengpeng Ye
- AIage Life Science Corporation Ltd., Guangxi Free Trade Zone Aisheng Biotechnology Corporation Ltd., Nanning, China
| | - Jie Ma
- AIage Life Science Corporation Ltd., Guangxi Free Trade Zone Aisheng Biotechnology Corporation Ltd., Nanning, China
| | - Xiaochun Chen
- AIage Life Science Corporation Ltd., Guangxi Free Trade Zone Aisheng Biotechnology Corporation Ltd., Nanning, China
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Wang L, Yi Q, Xu H, Liu H, Tan B, Deng H, Chen Y, Wang R, Tang F, Cheng X, Zhu J. Alterations in the gut microbiota community are associated with childhood obesity and precocious puberty. BMC Microbiol 2024; 24:311. [PMID: 39182062 PMCID: PMC11344344 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-024-03461-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the distribution and differences in the intestinal microbiota in girls with obesity-related precocious puberty and the relationship between intestinal microbiota and obesity-related precocious puberty. METHODS 16 S rRNA gene amplicons from fecal samples from girls with precocious puberty and obesity-complicated precocious puberty and healthy children were sequenced to define microbial taxa. RESULTS The α- and β-diversity indices of the microbiome significantly differed among the three groups. At the phylum level, the proportions of Firmicutes, Actinobacteriota, Bacteroidota, Bacteria, Campylobacterota, and Acidobacteriota were different. At the genus level, there were differences in Bifidobacterium, Bacteroides, Anaerostipes, Fusicatenibacter, Klebsiella, Lachnospiraceae, ErysipelotrichaceaeUCG-003, Prevotella9, Ruminococcus gnavus group, and Lachnoclostridium. Additionally, Bifidobacterium, Anaerostipes, Bacteroides, Candidatus Microthrix, Eubacterium hallii group, Klebsiella, and Erysipelotrichaceae UCG-003 were identified as bacterial biomarkers by LEfSe. Furthermore, Sellimonas, Intestinibacter, Anaerostipes, Ruminococcus gnavus group, and Oscillibacter were identified as the differential biomarkers by random forest. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the biomarkers with high predictive value for obesity-related precocious puberty. Spearman correlation analysis confirmed that Anaerostipes levels were negatively correlated with body weight, body mass index (BMI), bone age, luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and estradiol. CONCLUSIONS There was a significant correlation between obesity-associated precocious puberty and gut microbiota, especially the functional characteristics of the microbiome and its interactions, which can provide a theoretical basis for the clinical intervention of obesity and precocious puberty through the microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wang
- Department of Pediatric Research Institute, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics Metabolism and Inflammatory Disease, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qin Yi
- Department of Pediatric Research Institute, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics Metabolism and Inflammatory Disease, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hao Xu
- Department of Pediatric Research Institute, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics Metabolism and Inflammatory Disease, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Huiwen Liu
- Department of Pediatric Research Institute, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics Metabolism and Inflammatory Disease, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Bin Tan
- Department of Pediatric Research Institute, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics Metabolism and Inflammatory Disease, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongrong Deng
- Department of Pediatric Research Institute, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics Metabolism and Inflammatory Disease, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yunxia Chen
- Department of Pediatric Research Institute, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics Metabolism and Inflammatory Disease, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Pediatric Research Institute, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics Metabolism and Inflammatory Disease, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fang Tang
- Department of Endocrine Genetics and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Chengdu Women's and Children's Center Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Xinran Cheng
- Department of Endocrine Genetics and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Chengdu Women's and Children's Center Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China.
| | - Jing Zhu
- Department of Pediatric Research Institute, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics Metabolism and Inflammatory Disease, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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Du S, Tu X, Duan X, Wan H, Ai Z, Luo J, Zou Z, Luo L. Rapid Analysis of Colonic Metabolomics in High-Fat Diet Mice by Extraction Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry (EESI-MS). JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:18294-18303. [PMID: 39083356 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c05629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Propolis exhibits significant anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, and antiobesity properties in both mouse models and clinical applications. However, the underlying metabolic mechanisms remain poorly understood. Traditional metabolomic methods that rely on chromatographic separation require complex preprocessing steps and extended detection periods. In this study, we employed extraction electrospray ionization mass spectrometry combined with multivariate analysis to directly profile metabolites in the colon tissue of mice. Our findings demonstrate the efficacy of ethanol extract of propolis (EEP) in mitigating weight gain, reducing inflammatory cytokines, and improving insulin resistance induced by a high-fat diet. Additionally, EEP enhanced glucose tolerance. Through collision-induced dissociation experiments, we identified 26 metabolites, with 4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid, protocatechuic acid, caffeic acid, ferulic acid, hippuric acid, histidine, and tryptophan emerging as potential biomarkers. Notably, tryptophan exhibited the highest content at 8.25 mg/g. Our research facilitates rapid profiling of colon metabolites, underscoring its significant potential for broader applications in animal metabolomic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shangguang Du
- College of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China
- College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang Normal University, Nanchang 330031, China
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Conservation and Bioresource Utilization, Nanchang 330022, China
| | - Xutang Tu
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang Normal University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Xiaohua Duan
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang Normal University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Hao Wan
- College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China
| | - Zuozuo Ai
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang Normal University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Jun Luo
- College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China
| | - Zhengrong Zou
- College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Conservation and Bioresource Utilization, Nanchang 330022, China
| | - Liping Luo
- College of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China
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Ding J, Cui X, Wang X, Zhai F, Wang L, Zhu L. Multi-omics analysis of gut microbiota and metabolites reveals contrasting profiles in domestic pigs and wild boars across urban environments. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1450306. [PMID: 39193431 PMCID: PMC11347354 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1450306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in host health and metabolism. This study explores the differences in gut microbiota and metabolites between domestic pigs (DP) and wild boars (WB) in urban environments. We analyzed gut microbial composition, metabolic profiles, virome composition, antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), and human pathogenic bacteria (HPB) in both DP and WB. Our results revealed that DP exhibited a higher Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and were enriched in bacterial genera associated with domestication and modern feeding practices. Metabolomic analysis showed distinct profiles, with WB significantly enriched in the Pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis pathway, highlighting dietary and environmental influences on host metabolism. Additionally, DP had a distinct gut virome composition, particularly enriched in lytic phages of the Chaseviridae family. ARG analysis indicated a higher abundance of tetracycline resistance genes in DP, likely due to antibiotic use in pig farms. Furthermore, variations in HPB composition underscored potential health risks associated with contact with pig feces. These findings provide valuable insights into the microbial ecology of domestic pigs and wild boars, emphasizing the importance of these comparisons in identifying zoonotic pathogen transmission pathways and managing antibiotic resistance. Continued research in this area is essential for developing effective strategies to mitigate public health risks and promote sustainable livestock management practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Ding
- Jiangsu Academy of Forestry, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Yangzhou Urban Forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xinyuan Cui
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xuan Wang
- Jiangsu Academy of Forestry, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Yangzhou Urban Forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Yangzhou, China
| | - Feifei Zhai
- Jiangsu Wildlife Protection Station, Nanjing, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Jiangsu Academy of Forestry, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Yangzhou Urban Forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Yangzhou, China
| | - Lifeng Zhu
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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Yu B, Wang Y, Tan Z, Hong Z, Yao L, Huang S, Li Z, Zhang L, Li H. Resveratrol ameliorates DSS-induced ulcerative colitis by acting on mouse gut microbiota. Inflammopharmacology 2024; 32:2023-2033. [PMID: 38492181 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-024-01456-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE AND DESIGN Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a multi-faceted, recurrent immune disorder caused by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). The intestinal microbiota has multiple functions in the host, so UC requires long-term potent medication. The effect of resveratrol (RSV) has seldom been reported, and this study researched that. Herein, the effect of RSV and Grape seed oil that anti-inflammatory ability in experimental mice was explored, also why RSV altered Gut Microbiota has been researched. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this experiment, the effects of experimental drugs on colon length in mice with DSS-induced colitis were compared. H&E Staining was performed on serial sections of colon tissues and histological scores were determined for all groups. The expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in the colon tissue of mice was detected by immunohistochemical staining. In the end, the α-diversity index, sobs index, and rarefaction curve of the cecal and colon microbiota of different groups of mice were measured. Bray-Curtis-based Venn diagram of PCoA (principal coordinate analysis) and OTUs distribution in mouse gut microbiota were obtained. RESULTS The results showed that the use of 40 mg/kg RSV (high dose) significantly reduced the severity of UC. The use of 10 mg/kg RSV (low dose) significantly reduced the effect of shortened colon length in DSS mice. Compared with the DSS-treated group, the levels of COX-2 and TNF-α in the colon tissues of RSV + DSS-treated mice were significantly decreased. According to this experiment, 19 mouse gut microbiota species had a relative abundance greater than 0.1%, with Beerella, Bacteroides, Helicobacter, Oscillator, and cecum pylori being more abundant in the colon than in the colon. A higher relative abundance of Lachnospira NK4A136 was observed in DSS and RSV groups compared with the control group, whereas the opposite was observed for Alloprevotella. This proves that resveratrol increases the uniformity and diversity of gut microbes to a certain extent, and has a protective effect on the gut.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Yu
- School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Ying Wang
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Biorefinery, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Zekai Tan
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Biorefinery, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Zhengyi Hong
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Biorefinery, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Lewen Yao
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Biorefinery, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Shiyuan Huang
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Biorefinery, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Zexi Li
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Biorefinery, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Lanyue Zhang
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Biorefinery, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Institute of Guangdong Geriatric, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Biorefinery, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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Chang HY, Chen SY, Lin JA, Chen YY, Chen YY, Liu YC, Yen GC. Phyllanthus emblica Fruit Improves Obesity by Reducing Appetite and Enhancing Mucosal Homeostasis via the Gut Microbiota-Brain-Liver Axis in HFD-Induced Leptin-Resistant Rats. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:10406-10419. [PMID: 38659208 PMCID: PMC11082930 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c01226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
The impact of leptin resistance on intestinal mucosal barrier integrity, appetite regulation, and hepatic lipid metabolism through the microbiota-gut-brain-liver axis has yet to be determined. Water extract of Phyllanthus emblica L. fruit (WEPE) and its bioactive compound gallic acid (GA) effectively alleviated methylglyoxal (MG)-triggered leptin resistance in vitro. Therefore, this study investigated how WEPE and GA intervention relieve leptin resistance-associated dysfunction in the intestinal mucosa, appetite, and lipid accumulation through the microbiota-gut-brain-liver axis in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed rats. The results showed that WEPE and GA significantly reduced tissues (jejunum, brain, and liver) MG-evoked leptin resistance, malondialdehyde (MDA), proinflammatory cytokines, SOCS3, orexigenic neuropeptides, and lipid accumulation through increasing leptin receptor, tight junction proteins, antimicrobial peptides, anorexigenic neuropeptides, excretion of fecal triglyceride (TG), and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) via a positive correlation with the Allobaculum and Bifidobacterium microbiota. These novel findings suggest that WEPE holds the potential as a functional food ingredient for alleviating obesity and its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Yu Chang
- Department
of Food Science and Biotechnology, National
Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Road, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Yi Chen
- Department
of Food Science and Biotechnology, National
Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Road, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
| | - Jer-An Lin
- Graduate
Institute of Food Safety, National Chung
Hsing University, 145
Xingda Road, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Yin Chen
- Department
of Food Science and Biotechnology, National
Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Road, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Ying Chen
- Department
of Food Science and Biotechnology, National
Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Road, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chen Liu
- Department
of Food Science and Biotechnology, National
Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Road, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
| | - Gow-Chin Yen
- Department
of Food Science and Biotechnology, National
Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Road, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
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10
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Shin HH, Kim JH, Jung YJ, Kwak MS, Sung MH, Imm JY. Postbiotic potential of Bacillus velezensis KMU01 cell-free supernatant for the alleviation of obesity in mice. Heliyon 2024; 10:e25263. [PMID: 38495172 PMCID: PMC10943329 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Attention toward the preventive effects of postbiotics on metabolic diseases has increased because of greater stability and safety over probiotics. However, studies regarding the bioactive effects of postbiotics, especially from probiotic Bacillus strains, are relatively limited. The anti-obesity effects of the cell-free culture supernatant of Bacillus velezensis KMU01 (CFS-B.vele) were evaluated using high-fat-diet (HFD)-induced mice. HFD-induced mice (n = 8 per group) received equal volumes of (1) CFS-B.vele (114 mg/kg) in PBS, (2) Xenical in PBS, or (3) PBS alone by oral gavage daily for 13 weeks. The results demonstrated that CFS-B.vele changed the gut microbiota and showed anti-obesity effects in HFD-induced obese mice. The elevated Firmicutes/Bacteroidota ratio induced by HFD was decreased in the CFS-B.vele group compared to the other groups (p < 0.05). The CFS-B.vele intervention led to the enrichment of SCFA-producers, such as Roseburia and Eubacterium, in the cecum, suggesting their potential involvement in the amelioration of obesity. Due to these changes, the various obesity-related biomarkers (body weight, fat in tissue, white adipose tissue weight and size, serum LDL-cholesterol level, hepatic lipid accumulation, and adipogenesis/lipogenesis-related gene/protein expression) were improved. Our findings suggest that CFS-B.vele has potential as a novel anti-obesity agent through modulation of the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee Hyun Shin
- Department of Foods and Nutrition, Kookmin University, Seoul, 02707, South Korea
| | | | - Ye-Jin Jung
- KookminBio Corporation, Seoul, 02826, South Korea
| | - Mi-Sun Kwak
- KookminBio Corporation, Seoul, 02826, South Korea
| | | | - Jee-Young Imm
- Department of Foods and Nutrition, Kookmin University, Seoul, 02707, South Korea
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11
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Sah RK, Nandan A, Kv A, S P, S S, Jose A, Venkidasamy B, Nile SH. Decoding the role of the gut microbiome in gut-brain axis, stress-resilience, or stress-susceptibility: A review. Asian J Psychiatr 2024; 91:103861. [PMID: 38134565 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2023.103861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Increased exposure to stress is associated with stress-related disorders, including depression, anxiety, and neurodegenerative conditions. However, susceptibility to stress is not seen in every individual exposed to stress, and many of them exhibit resilience. Thus, developing resilience to stress could be a big breakthrough in stress-related disorders, with the potential to replace or act as an alternative to the available therapies. In this article, we have focused on the recent advancements in gut microbiome research and the potential role of the gut-brain axis (GBA) in developing resilience or susceptibility to stress. There might be a complex interaction between the autonomic nervous system (ANS), immune system, endocrine system, microbial metabolites, and bioactive lipids like short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), neurotransmitters, and their metabolites that regulates the communication between the gut microbiota and the brain. High fiber intake, prebiotics, probiotics, plant supplements, and fecal microbiome transplant (FMT) could be beneficial against gut dysbiosis-associated brain disorders. These could promote the growth of SCFA-producing bacteria, thereby enhancing the gut barrier and reducing the gut inflammatory response, increase the expression of the claudin-2 protein associated with the gut barrier, and maintain the blood-brain barrier integrity by promoting the expression of tight junction proteins such as claudin-5. Their neuroprotective effects might also be related to enhancing the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and glucagon-like peptide (GLP-1). Further investigations are needed in the field of the gut microbiome for the elucidation of the mechanisms by which gut dysbiosis contributes to the pathophysiology of neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjay Kumar Sah
- Department of Pharmacology, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi 682 041, Kerala, India
| | - Amritasree Nandan
- Department of Pharmacology, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi 682 041, Kerala, India
| | - Athira Kv
- Department of Pharmacology, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi 682 041, Kerala, India.
| | - Prashant S
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi 682 041, Kerala, India
| | - Sathianarayanan S
- NITTE (Deemed to be University), NGSM Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Mangalore, India
| | - Asha Jose
- JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and research, Ooty 643001, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Baskar Venkidasamy
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai 600 077, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Shivraj Hariram Nile
- Division of Food and Nutritional Biotechnology, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Sector-81, Mohali 140306, Punjab, India.
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12
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Zhu L, Fang S, Zhang H, Sun X, Yang P, Wan J, Zhang Y, Lu W, Yu L. Total Sn-2 Palmitic Triacylglycerols and the Ratio of OPL to OPO in Human Milk Fat Substitute Modulated Bile Acid Metabolism and Intestinal Microbiota Composition in Rats. Nutrients 2023; 15:4929. [PMID: 38068787 PMCID: PMC10708361 DOI: 10.3390/nu15234929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, the impact of sn-2 palmitic triacyclglycerols (TAGs) in combination with their ratio of two major TAGs (1-oleoyl-2-palmitoyl-3-linoleoylglycerol (OPL) to 1,3-dioleoyl-2-palmitoylglycerol (OPO)) in human milk fat substitute (HMFS) on bile acid (BA) metabolism and intestinal microbiota composition was investigated in newly-weaned Sprague-Dawley rats after four weeks of high-fat feeding. Compared to those of control group rats, HMFS-fed rats had significantly increased contents of six hepatic primary BAs (CDCA, αMCA, βMCA, TCDCA, TαMCA and TβMCA), four ileal primary BAs (UDCA, TCA, TCDCA and TUDCA) and three secondary BAs (DCA, LCA and ωMCA), especially for the HMFS with the highest sn-2 palmitic acid TAGs of 57.9% and OPL to OPO ratio of 1.4. Meanwhile, the inhibition of ileal FXR-FGF15 and activation of TGR5-GLP-1 signaling pathways in HMFS-fed rats were accompanied by the increased levels of enzymes involved in BA synthesis (CYP7A1, CYP27A1 and CYP7B1) in the liver and two key thermogenic proteins (PGC1α and UCP1) in perirenal adipose tissue, respectively. Moreover, increasing sn-2 palmitic TAGs and OPL to OPO ratio in HMFS also altered the microbiota composition both on the phylum and genus level in rats, predominantly microbes associated with bile-salt hydrolase activity, short-chain fatty acid production and reduced obesity risk, which suggested a beneficial effect on host microbial ecosystem. These observations provided important nutritional evidence for developing new HMFS products for infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhu
- Institute of Food and Nutraceutical Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; (L.Z.); (S.F.); (X.S.); (P.Y.); (W.L.)
| | - Shuaizhen Fang
- Institute of Food and Nutraceutical Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; (L.Z.); (S.F.); (X.S.); (P.Y.); (W.L.)
| | - Hong Zhang
- Wilmar (Shanghai) Biotechnology Research & Development Center Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200137, China; (H.Z.); (J.W.)
| | - Xiangjun Sun
- Institute of Food and Nutraceutical Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; (L.Z.); (S.F.); (X.S.); (P.Y.); (W.L.)
| | - Puyu Yang
- Institute of Food and Nutraceutical Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; (L.Z.); (S.F.); (X.S.); (P.Y.); (W.L.)
| | - Jianchun Wan
- Wilmar (Shanghai) Biotechnology Research & Development Center Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200137, China; (H.Z.); (J.W.)
| | - Yaqiong Zhang
- Institute of Food and Nutraceutical Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; (L.Z.); (S.F.); (X.S.); (P.Y.); (W.L.)
| | - Weiying Lu
- Institute of Food and Nutraceutical Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; (L.Z.); (S.F.); (X.S.); (P.Y.); (W.L.)
| | - Liangli Yu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA;
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13
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Gomes N, Ferreira-Sa L, Alves N, Dallago B, Moraes A, Carvalho JL, Nitz N, Hagström L, Braz S, Machado ER, Gurgel-Gonçalves R, Hecht M. Uncovering the effects of Giardia duodenalis on the balance of DNA viruses and bacteria in children's gut microbiota. Acta Trop 2023; 247:107018. [PMID: 37673134 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2023.107018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
The neglected parasitosis giardiasis is one of the most common intestinal infections worldwide, affecting mainly infants and young children. Giardia duodenalis may disturb the local microbiome, leading to intestinal ecosystem disorders, and altering different processes in the host, such as the immune response. Nevertheless, the alterations promoted by G. duodenalis on the human gut microbiome have not been thoroughly investigated. Here, we characterized the gut microbiota of G. duodenalis-infected children and determine the main alterations promoted by the parasite. To do so, fecal samples of 26 infected and four uninfected children aged 2 to 6 years old were processed for High Efficiency Microarray analysis, in order to describe their bacterial and viral profiles. Then, we quantified the total bacterial population by qPCR and assessed fecal calprotectin levels, which are closely related with gut inflammation. A total of 286 bacteria's species and 17 viruses' strains were identified. Our results revealed no statistically significant differences between G. duodenalis positive and negative groups in the taxa's phyla and families. However, bacterial species diversity was increased in children infected with G. duodenalis (p < 0.05), while the total number of bacteria was decreased (p < 0.05). Considering the virome analysis, 17 different strains were identified, 88% being bacteriophages. The correlation analysis revealed an important disruption in the balance of DNA virus and bacteria within the intestinal microbiota of Giardia-positive children. Our findings constitute the first description of the gut virome of Giardia-infected children and suggest that G. duodenalis infection exerts a modulatory effect on the gut microbiome, promoting local inflammation and altering the equilibrium of the parasite-microbiota-host triad. This highlights the importance of considering polymicrobial associations and understanding the broader context of giardiasis. Overall, our study provides new insights into the complex interactions between intestinal parasites and the microbiota, which may have implications for the development of novel therapeutic interventions in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nélio Gomes
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Biosciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Lana Ferreira-Sa
- Laboratory of Medical Parasitology and Vector Biology Faculty of Medicine, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Nayra Alves
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Biosciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Bruno Dallago
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Biosciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Aline Moraes
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Biosciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Juliana Lott Carvalho
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Biosciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil; Genomic Sciences and Biotechnology Program, Catholic University of Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Nadjar Nitz
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Biosciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Luciana Hagström
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Biosciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Shélida Braz
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Biosciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Eleuza Rodrigues Machado
- Laboratory of Medical Parasitology and Vector Biology Faculty of Medicine, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Gurgel-Gonçalves
- Laboratory of Medical Parasitology and Vector Biology Faculty of Medicine, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Mariana Hecht
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Biosciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil.
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14
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Lokhov PG, Balashova EE, Maslov DL, Trifonova OP, Lisitsa AV, Markova YM, Stetsenko VV, Polyanina AS, Sheveleva SA, Sharafetdinov KK, Nikityuk DB, Tutelyan VA, Archakov AI. Linking Clinical Blood Metabogram and Gut Microbiota. Metabolites 2023; 13:1095. [PMID: 37887420 PMCID: PMC10609303 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13101095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, a clinical blood metabogram was developed as a fast, low-cost and reproducible test that allows the implementation of metabolomics in clinical practice. The components of the metabogram are functionally related groups of blood metabolites associated with humoral regulation, the metabolism of lipids, carbohydrates and amines, lipid intake into the organism, and liver function, thereby providing clinically relevant information. It is known that the gut microbiota affects the blood metabolome, and the components of the blood metabolome may affect the composition of the gut microbiota. Therefore, before using the metabogram in the clinic, the link between the metabogram components and the level of gut microorganisms should be established. For this purpose, the metabogram and microbiota data were obtained in this work for the same individuals. Metabograms of blood plasma were obtained by direct mass spectrometry of blood plasma, and the gut microbiome was determined by a culture-based method and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). This study involved healthy volunteers and individuals with varying degrees of deviation in body weight (n = 44). A correlation analysis determined which metabogram components are linked to which gut microorganisms and the strength of this link. Moreover, diagnostic parameters (sensitivity, specificity and accuracy) confirmed the capacity of metabogram components to be used for diagnosing gut microbiota alterations. Therefore, the obtained results allow the use of the metabogram in a clinical setting, taking into account its relationship with gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr G. Lokhov
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 10 Building 8, Pogodinskaya Street, 119121 Moscow, Russia (D.L.M.)
| | - Elena E. Balashova
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 10 Building 8, Pogodinskaya Street, 119121 Moscow, Russia (D.L.M.)
| | - Dmitry L. Maslov
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 10 Building 8, Pogodinskaya Street, 119121 Moscow, Russia (D.L.M.)
| | - Oxana P. Trifonova
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 10 Building 8, Pogodinskaya Street, 119121 Moscow, Russia (D.L.M.)
| | - Andrey V. Lisitsa
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 10 Building 8, Pogodinskaya Street, 119121 Moscow, Russia (D.L.M.)
| | - Yulia M. Markova
- Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science, Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, Ustinsky Passage 2/14, 109240 Moscow, Russia; (Y.M.M.)
| | - Valentina V. Stetsenko
- Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science, Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, Ustinsky Passage 2/14, 109240 Moscow, Russia; (Y.M.M.)
| | - Anna S. Polyanina
- Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science, Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, Ustinsky Passage 2/14, 109240 Moscow, Russia; (Y.M.M.)
| | - Svetlana A. Sheveleva
- Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science, Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, Ustinsky Passage 2/14, 109240 Moscow, Russia; (Y.M.M.)
| | - Khaider K. Sharafetdinov
- Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science, Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, Ustinsky Passage 2/14, 109240 Moscow, Russia; (Y.M.M.)
| | - Dmitry B. Nikityuk
- Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science, Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, Ustinsky Passage 2/14, 109240 Moscow, Russia; (Y.M.M.)
| | - Victor A. Tutelyan
- Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science, Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, Ustinsky Passage 2/14, 109240 Moscow, Russia; (Y.M.M.)
| | - Alexander I. Archakov
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 10 Building 8, Pogodinskaya Street, 119121 Moscow, Russia (D.L.M.)
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15
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Zyoud SH, Shakhshir M, Abushanab AS, Koni A, Shahwan M, Jairoun AA, Abu Taha A, Al-Jabi SW. Unveiling the hidden world of gut health: Exploring cutting-edge research through visualizing randomized controlled trials on the gut microbiota. World J Clin Cases 2023; 11:6132-6146. [PMID: 37731574 PMCID: PMC10507538 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i26.6132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in gastrointestinal and overall health. Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) play a crucial role in advancing our knowledge and evaluating the efficacy of therapeutic interventions targeting the gut microbiota. AIM To conduct a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of the literature on RCTs involving the gut microbiota. METHODS Using bibliometric tools, a descriptive cross-sectional investigation was conducted on scholarly publications concentrated on RCTs related to gut microbiota, spanning the years 2003 to 2022. The study used VOSviewer version 1.6.9 to examine collaboration networks between different countries and evaluate the frequently employed terms in the titles and abstracts of the retrieved publications. The primary objective of this analysis was to identify key research areas and focal points associated with RCTs involving the gut microbiota. RESULTS A total of 1061 relevant articles were identified from the 24758 research articles published between 2003 and 2022. The number of publications showed a notable increase over time, with a positive correlation (R2 = 0.978, P < 0.001). China (n = 276, 26.01%), the United States (n = 254, 23.94%), and the United Kingdom (n = 97, 9.14%) were the leading contributing countries. Københavns Universitet (n = 38, 3.58%) and Dankook University (n = 35, 3.30%) were the top active institutions. The co-occurrence analysis shows current gut microbiota research trends and important topics, such as obesity interventions targeting the gut microbiota, the efficacy and safety of fecal microbiota transplantation, and the effects of dietary interventions on humans. CONCLUSION The study highlights the rapid growth and importance of research on RCTs that involve the gut microbiota. This study provides valuable insight into research trends, identifies key players, and outlines potential future directions in this field. Additionally, the co-occurrence analysis identified important topics that play a critical role in the advancement of science and provided insights into future research directions in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sa’ed H Zyoud
- Department of Clinical and Community Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus 44839, Palestine
- Clinical Research Centre, An-Najah National University Hospital, Nablus 44839, Palestine
| | - Muna Shakhshir
- Department of Nutrition, An-Najah National University Hospital, Nablus 44839, Palestine
| | - Amani S Abushanab
- Department of Clinical and Community Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus 44839, Palestine
| | - Amer Koni
- Department of Clinical and Community Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus 44839, Palestine
- Division of Clinical Pharmacy, Hematology and Oncology Pharmacy Department, An-Najah National University Hospital, Nablus 44839, Palestine
| | - Moyad Shahwan
- College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Ajman University, Ajman 346, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ammar Abdulrahman Jairoun
- Department of Health and Safety, Dubai Municipality, Dubai 67, United Arab Emirates
- Discipline of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Pulau Pinang 11500, Malaysia
| | - Adham Abu Taha
- Department of Pathology, An-Najah National University Hospital, Nablus 44839, Palestine
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus 44839, Palestine
| | - Samah W Al-Jabi
- Department of Clinical and Community Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus 44839, Palestine
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16
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Weng TH, Huang KY, Jhong JH, Kao HJ, Chen CH, Chen YC, Weng SL. Microbiome analysis of maternal and neonatal microbial communities associated with the different delivery modes based on 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol 2023; 62:687-696. [PMID: 37678996 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjog.2023.07.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE With the rising number of cases of non-vaginal delivery worldwide, scientists have been concerned about the influence of the different delivery modes on maternal and neonatal microbiomes. Although the birth rate trend is decreasing rapidly in Taiwan, more than 30 percent of newborns are delivered by caesarean section every year. However, it remains unclear whether the different delivery modes could have a certain impact on the postpartum maternal microbiome and whether it affects the mother-to-newborn vertical transmission of bacteria at birth. MATERIALS AND METHODS To address this, we recruited 30 mother-newborn pairs to participate in this study, including 23 pairs of vaginal delivery (VD) and seven pairs of caesarean section (CS). We here investigate the development of the maternal prenatal and postnatal microbiomes across multiple body habitats. Moreover, we also explore the early acquisition of neonatal gut microbiome through a vertical multi-body site microbiome analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION The results indicate that no matter the delivery mode, it only slightly affects the maternal microbiome in multiple body habitats from pregnancy to postpartum. On the other hand, about 95% of species in the meconium microbiome were derived from one of the maternal body habitats; notably, the infants born by caesarean section acquire bacterial communities resembling their mother's oral microbiome. Consequently, the delivery modes play a crucial role in the initial colonization of the neonatal gut microbiome, potentially impacting children's health and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Hsiang Weng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei City 104, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Yao Huang
- Department of Medical Research, Hsinchu MacKay Memorial Hospital, Hsinchu City 300, Taiwan; Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City 252, Taiwan
| | - Jhih-Hua Jhong
- Department of Medical Research, Hsinchu MacKay Memorial Hospital, Hsinchu City 300, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ju Kao
- Department of Medical Research, Hsinchu MacKay Memorial Hospital, Hsinchu City 300, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hung Chen
- Department of Medical Research, Hsinchu MacKay Memorial Hospital, Hsinchu City 300, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chi Chen
- Department of Medical Research, Hsinchu MacKay Memorial Hospital, Hsinchu City 300, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Long Weng
- Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City 252, Taiwan; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hsinchu MacKay Memorial Hospital, Hsinchu City 300, Taiwan; MacKay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Taipei City 112, Taiwan.
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17
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Raychaudhuri S, Shahinozzaman M, Fan S, Ogedengbe O, Subedi U, Obanda DN. Resistance to Diet Induced Visceral Fat Accumulation in C57BL/6NTac Mice Is Associated with an Enriched Lactococcus in the Gut Microbiota and the Phenotype of Immune B Cells in Intestine and Adipose Tissue. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2153. [PMID: 37763997 PMCID: PMC10535569 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11092153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Humans and rodents exhibit a divergent obesity phenotype where not all individuals exposed to a high calorie diet become obese. We hypothesized that in C57BL/6NTac mice, despite a shared genetic background and diet, variations in individual gut microbiota function, immune cell phenotype in the intestine and adipose determine predisposition to obesity. From a larger colony fed a high-fat (HF) diet (60% fat), we obtained twenty-four 18-22-week-old C57BL/6NTac mice. Twelve had responded to the diet, had higher body weight and were termed obese prone (OP). The other 12 had retained a lean frame and were termed obese resistant (OR). We singly housed them for three weeks, monitored food intake and determined insulin resistance, fat accumulation, and small intestinal and fecal gut microbial community membership and structure. From the lamina propria and adipose tissue, we determined the population of total and specific subsets of T and B cells. The OP mice with higher fat accumulation and insulin resistance harbored microbial communities with enhanced capacity for processing dietary sugars, lower alpha diversity, greater abundance of Lactobacilli and low abundance of Clostridia and Desulfobacterota. The OR with less fat accumulation retained insulin sensitivity and harbored microbial communities with enhanced capacity for processing and synthesizing amino acids and higher diversity and greater abundance of Lactococcus, Desulfobacterota and class Clostridia. The B cell phenotype in the lamina propria and mesenteric adipose tissue of OR mice was characterized by a higher population of IgA+ cells and B1b IgM+ cells, respectively, compared to the OP. We conclude that variable responses to the HF diet are associated with the function of individuals' gut microbiota and immune responses in the lamina propria and adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Diana N. Obanda
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA; (S.R.); (M.S.); (S.F.); (O.O.); (U.S.)
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18
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Tsukada A, Okamatsu-Ogura Y, Futagawa E, Habu Y, Takahashi N, Kato-Suzuki M, Kato Y, Ishizuka S, Sonoyama K, Kimura K. White adipose tissue undergoes browning during preweaning period in association with microbiota formation in mice. iScience 2023; 26:107239. [PMID: 37485363 PMCID: PMC10362363 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Beige adipocytes are transiently induced during early postnatal period in mice. Previous studies have suggested that, unlike in adults, the induction is independent of the sympathetic nerve activity; however, the mechanism is yet unknown. Here, we showed that beige adipocytes are induced during the preweaning period in association with the formation of microbiota in mice. Alteration of gut microbiota composition in preweaning mice by maternal treatment with antibiotics or high-fat diet feeding substantially suppressed WAT browning. The suppression was also found in pups transplanted cecal microbiota from pups of high-fat diet-fed dams. These treatments reduced the hepatic expression of genes involved in bile acid synthesis and the serum bile acids level. The abundance of Porphyromonadaceae and Ruminococcaceae in microbiota showed a positive and negative correlation with the induction of beige adipocytes, respectively. This finding may provide comprehensive understanding of the association between gut microbiota and adipose tissue development in the neonatal period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anju Tsukada
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan
| | - Yuko Okamatsu-Ogura
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan
| | - Emi Futagawa
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan
| | - Yuki Habu
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan
| | - Natsumi Takahashi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan
| | - Mira Kato-Suzuki
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan
| | - Yuko Kato
- Laboratory of Nutritional Biochemistry, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0809, Japan
| | - Satoshi Ishizuka
- Laboratory of Nutritional Biochemistry, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0809, Japan
| | - Kei Sonoyama
- Laboratory of Food Biochemistry, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0809, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Kimura
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan
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19
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Zhao Q, Jiang Y, Zhao Q, Patrick Manzi H, Su L, Liu D, Huang X, Long D, Tang Z, Zhang Y. The benefits of edible mushroom polysaccharides for health and their influence on gut microbiota: a review. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1213010. [PMID: 37485384 PMCID: PMC10358859 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1213010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiome is a complex biological community that deeply affects various aspects of human health, including dietary intake, disease progression, drug metabolism, and immune system regulation. Edible mushroom polysaccharides (EMPs) are bioactive fibers derived from mushrooms that possess a range of beneficial properties, including anti-tumor, antioxidant, antiviral, hypoglycemic, and immunomodulatory effects. Studies have demonstrated that EMPs are resistant to human digestive enzymes and serve as a crucial source of energy for the gut microbiome, promoting the growth of beneficial bacteria. EMPs also positively impact human health by modulating the composition of the gut microbiome. This review discusses the extraction and purification processes of EMPs, their potential to improve health conditions by regulating the composition of the gut microbiome, and their application prospects. Furthermore, this paper provides valuable guidance and recommendations for future studies on EMPs consumption in disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qilong Zhao
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yu Jiang
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Qian Zhao
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | | | - Li Su
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Diru Liu
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiaodan Huang
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Danfeng Long
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhenchuang Tang
- Institute of Food and Nutrition Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
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20
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Hu R, Liu Z, Geng Y, Huang Y, Li F, Dong H, Ma W, Song K, Zhang M, Song Y. Gut Microbiota and Critical Metabolites: Potential Target in Preventing Gestational Diabetes Mellitus? Microorganisms 2023; 11:1725. [PMID: 37512897 PMCID: PMC10385493 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11071725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is an intractable issue that negatively impacts the quality of pregnancy. The incidence of GDM is on the rise, becoming a major health burden for both mothers and children. However, the specific etiology and pathophysiology of GDM remain unknown. Recently, the importance of gut microbiota and related metabolic molecules has gained prominence. Studies have indicated that women with GDM have significantly distinct gut microbiota and gut metabolites than healthy pregnant women. Given that the metabolic pathways of gut flora and related metabolites have a substantial impact on inflammation, insulin signaling, glucose, and lipid metabolism, and so on, gut microbiota or its metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids, may play a significant role in both pathogenesis and progression of GDM. Whereas the role of intestinal flora during pregnancy is still in its infancy, this review aims to summarize the effects and mechanisms of gut microbiota and related metabolic molecules involved in GDM, thus providing potential intervention targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runan Hu
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Zhuo Liu
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yuli Geng
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yanjing Huang
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Fan Li
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Haoxu Dong
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Wenwen Ma
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Kunkun Song
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Mingmin Zhang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yufan Song
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
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21
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Hu D, Zhao J, Zhang H, Wang G, Gu Z. Fecal Microbiota Transplantation for Weight and Glycemic Control of Obesity as Well as the Associated Metabolic Diseases: Meta-Analysis and Comprehensive Assessment. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1488. [PMID: 37511862 PMCID: PMC10381135 DOI: 10.3390/life13071488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: An analysis of the weight and blood glucose management associated with fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) as well as metabolic diseases associated with FMT was conducted by the authors in order to provide clinical recommendations regarding the treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library for papers that were published between the creation of the database and October 2022. We reviewed research that investigated how FMT affected weight and glycemic management in cases of obesity and metabolic conditions that are related to obesity. Studies that were published more than once, lacked the entire text, included insufficient information, or were impossible to extract data from were excluded. Additionally, case reports, reviews, and systematic reviews were excluded from the analysis. In order to analyze the data, STATA 15.1 was used. Outcomes: When we combined all of our findings, we discovered that pooled outcomes showed that weight levels (WMD equals -4.77, 95%CI: -7.40~-2.14), BMI levels (WMD equals -1.59, 95%CI: -2.21~-0.97), HOMA-IR (WMD equals -0.79, 95%CI: -1.57~-0.00), and HbA1c (WMD equals -0.65, 95%CI: -0.75~-0.55) after FMT treatment were significantly lower than before treatment. However, FMT treatment may have no effect on glucose and insulin levels in obese patients at fasting and related metabolic diseases. Additionally, subgroup analysis outcomes found that FMT significantly reduced fasting blood glucose in people with diabetes. Conclusions: As a weight loss and glycemic control therapy, FMT helps to prevent and treat metabolic problems linked to obesity, and is a viable alternative to bariatric surgery for patients who do not wish to undergo the procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diangeng Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Jianxin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- (Yangzhou) Institute of Food Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Yangzhou 225004, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- (Yangzhou) Institute of Food Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Yangzhou 225004, China
| | - Gang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- (Yangzhou) Institute of Food Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Yangzhou 225004, China
| | - Zhennan Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
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22
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Noor J, Chaudhry A, Batool S, Noor R, Fatima G. Exploring the Impact of the Gut Microbiome on Obesity and Weight Loss: A Review Article. Cureus 2023; 15:e40948. [PMID: 37503494 PMCID: PMC10368799 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.40948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The global obesity pandemic has prompted efforts to search for novel intervention options, including maximizing the health benefits of certain gut microbes and their metabolic byproducts. Our increased understanding of gut microbiota can potentially lead to revolutionary advancements in weight management and general well-being. We studied the association between gut microbiota and obesity, as well as the possible benefits of probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics in the prevention and management of obesity in this review. We observed a relationship between the metabolism of nutrients, energy consumption, and gut flora. Numerous mechanisms, including the synthesis of short-chain fatty acids, hormone stimulation, and persistent low-grade inflammation, have been postulated to explain the role of gut bacteria in the etiology of obesity. It has been discovered that the diversity and composition of the intestinal microbiome vary in response to various forms of obesity therapy, which raises concerns about the potential impact of these changes on weight loss. According to research, probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics may alter the release of hormones, neurotransmitters, and inflammatory factors, thereby diminishing the stimuli of food consumption that lead to weight gain. More clinical research is required to determine the optimal probiotic, prebiotic, and synbiotic supplementation dosages, formulations, and regimens for long-term weight management and to determine how different gastrointestinal microbiome bacterial species may influence weight gain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jawad Noor
- Internal Medicine, St. Dominic Hospital, Jackson, USA
| | | | - Saima Batool
- Pathology, Nishtar Medical University, Multan, PAK
| | - Riwad Noor
- Medicine/Public Health, Nishtar Hospital, Multan, PAK
| | - Ghulam Fatima
- Internal Medicine, Abbasi Shaheed Hospital, Karachi, PAK
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23
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Nemoto S, Kubota T, Ohno H. Exploring body weight-influencing gut microbiota by elucidating the association with diet and host gene expression. Sci Rep 2023; 13:5593. [PMID: 37019989 PMCID: PMC10076326 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-32411-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
We aimed to identify gut microbiota that influences body weight by elucidating the association with diets and host genes. Germ-free (GF) mice with and without fecal microbiota transplant (FMT) were fed a normal, high-carbohydrate, or high-fat diet. FMT mice exhibited greater total body weight; adipose tissue and liver weights; blood glucose, insulin, and total cholesterol levels; and oil droplet size than the GF mice, regardless of diet. However, the extent of weight gain and metabolic parameter levels associated with gut microbiota depended on the nutrients ingested. For example, a disaccharide- or polysaccharide-rich diet caused more weight gain than a monosaccharide-rich diet. An unsaturated fatty acid-rich diet had a greater microbial insulin-increasing effect than a saturated fatty acid-rich diet. Perhaps the difference in microbial metabolites produced from substances taken up by the host created metabolic differences. Therefore, we analyzed such dietary influences on gut microbiota, differentially expressed genes between GF and FMT mice, and metabolic factors, including body weight. The results revealed a correlation between increased weight gain, a fat-rich diet, increased Ruminococcaceae abundance, and decreased claudin 22 gene expression. These findings suggest that weight regulation might be possible through the manipulation of the gut microbiota metabolism using the host's diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shino Nemoto
- Laboratory for Intestinal Ecosystem, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Kanagawa, Japan.
| | - Tetsuya Kubota
- Laboratory for Intestinal Ecosystem, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Kanagawa, Japan
- Division of Diabetes and Metabolism, The Institute of Medical Science, Asahi Life Foundation, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Toho University Ohashi Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ohno
- Laboratory for Intestinal Ecosystem, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Kanagawa, Japan
- Laboratory for Immune Regulation, Graduate School of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
- Immunobiology Laboratory, Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama City University, Kanagawa, Japan
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24
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Johnson D, Letchumanan V, Thum CC, Thurairajasingam S, Lee LH. A Microbial-Based Approach to Mental Health: The Potential of Probiotics in the Treatment of Depression. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15061382. [PMID: 36986112 PMCID: PMC10053794 DOI: 10.3390/nu15061382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Probiotics are currently the subject of intensive research pursuits and also represent a multi-billion-dollar global industry given their vast potential to improve human health. In addition, mental health represents a key domain of healthcare, which currently has limited, adverse-effect prone treatment options, and probiotics may hold the potential to be a novel, customizable treatment for depression. Clinical depression is a common, potentially debilitating condition that may be amenable to a precision psychiatry-based approach utilizing probiotics. Although our understanding has not yet reached a sufficient level, this could be a therapeutic approach that can be tailored for specific individuals with their own unique set of characteristics and health issues. Scientifically, the use of probiotics as a treatment for depression has a valid basis rooted in the microbiota-gut-brain axis (MGBA) mechanisms, which play a role in the pathophysiology of depression. In theory, probiotics appear to be ideal as adjunct therapeutics for major depressive disorder (MDD) and as stand-alone therapeutics for mild MDD and may potentially revolutionize the treatment of depressive disorders. Although there is a wide range of probiotics and an almost limitless range of therapeutic combinations, this review aims to narrow the focus to the most widely commercialized and studied strains, namely Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium, and to bring together the arguments for their usage in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). Clinicians, scientists, and industrialists are critical stakeholders in exploring this groundbreaking concept.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinyadarshini Johnson
- Novel Bacteria and Drug Discovery Research Group (NBDD), Microbiome and Bioresource Research Strength (MBRS), Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Malaysia
| | - Vengadesh Letchumanan
- Novel Bacteria and Drug Discovery Research Group (NBDD), Microbiome and Bioresource Research Strength (MBRS), Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Malaysia
- Pathogen Resistome Virulome and Diagnostic Research Group (PathRiD), Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Malaysia
| | - Chern Choong Thum
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Sultan Abdul Aziz Shah, Persiaran Mardi-UPM, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | - Sivakumar Thurairajasingam
- Clinical School Johor Bahru, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Johor Bahru 80100, Malaysia
- Correspondence: (S.T.); or (L.-H.L.)
| | - Learn-Han Lee
- Novel Bacteria and Drug Discovery Research Group (NBDD), Microbiome and Bioresource Research Strength (MBRS), Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Malaysia
- Pathogen Resistome Virulome and Diagnostic Research Group (PathRiD), Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Malaysia
- Correspondence: (S.T.); or (L.-H.L.)
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25
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Lv H, Tao F, Peng L, Chen S, Ren Z, Chen J, Yu B, Wei H, Wan C. In Vitro Probiotic Properties of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis SF and Its Alleviating Effect on Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15061355. [PMID: 36986084 PMCID: PMC10053994 DOI: 10.3390/nu15061355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common chronic liver disease with many influencing factors. With the increasing role of the gut–liver axis in various liver diseases, research on the prevention and treatment of NAFLD with probiotics is increasing. In the present study, a Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. strain, B. lactis SF, was isolated from the feces of healthy infants and characterized by sequencing of the 16S rDNA. A systematic probiotic evaluation was carried out, and a diet-induced mouse model was constructed to study the effect and mechanism of B. lactis SF on diet-induced NAFLD. Results show that B. lactis SF has excellent gastrointestinal fluid tolerance and intestinal colonization, and strong antibacterial and antioxidant capabilities. In vivo, B. lactis SF modulated intestinal flora, restored the intestinal barrier, and inhibited LPS entrance into the portal circulation, which subsequently inhibited the TLR4/NF-κB and modulated the PI3K-Akt/AMPK signaling pathway, attenuated the inflammatory response, and reduced lipid accumulation. In addition, B. lactis SF attenuated oxidative stress and further alleviated autophagy, resulting in an ameliorative effect on NAFLD. Therefore, our study provides a new dietary method for the treatment of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China; (H.L.); (F.T.); (L.P.); (S.C.); (Z.R.); (J.C.); (H.W.)
| | - Feiyue Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China; (H.L.); (F.T.); (L.P.); (S.C.); (Z.R.); (J.C.); (H.W.)
| | - Lingling Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China; (H.L.); (F.T.); (L.P.); (S.C.); (Z.R.); (J.C.); (H.W.)
| | - Shufang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China; (H.L.); (F.T.); (L.P.); (S.C.); (Z.R.); (J.C.); (H.W.)
| | - Zhongyue Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China; (H.L.); (F.T.); (L.P.); (S.C.); (Z.R.); (J.C.); (H.W.)
| | - Jiahui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China; (H.L.); (F.T.); (L.P.); (S.C.); (Z.R.); (J.C.); (H.W.)
| | - Bo Yu
- Jiangxi-OAI Joint Research Institute, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China;
| | - Hua Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China; (H.L.); (F.T.); (L.P.); (S.C.); (Z.R.); (J.C.); (H.W.)
- Jiangxi-OAI Joint Research Institute, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China;
| | - Cuixiang Wan
- Jiangxi-OAI Joint Research Institute, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-791-8833-4578; Fax: +86-791-8833-3708
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26
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Identification and Selection of Prospective Probiotics for Enhancing Gastrointestinal Digestion: Application in Pharmaceutical Preparations and Dietary Supplements. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15061306. [PMID: 36986037 PMCID: PMC10053534 DOI: 10.3390/nu15061306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Our study investigated the effectiveness of 446 strains of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) belonging to different species and isolated from diverse sources (food, human, and animal) as potential probiotic candidates, with the perspective of producing dietary supplements or pharmacological formulations suitable for enhancing gastrointestinal digestion. The survival capability of all the isolates under harsh gastrointestinal tract conditions was evaluated, in which only 44 strains, named high-resistant, were selected for further food digestibility investigations. All 44 strains hydrolyzed raffinose and exhibited amino and iminopeptidase activities but at various extents, confirming species- and strain-specificity. After partial in vitro digestion mimicking oral and gastric digestive phases, food matrices were incubated with single strains for 24 h. Fermented partially digested matrices provided additional functional properties for some investigated strains by releasing peptides and increasing the release of highly bio-accessible free phenolic compounds. A scoring procedure was proposed as an effective tool to reduce data complexity and quantitively characterize the probiotic potential of each LAB strain, which could be more useful in the selection procedure of powerful probiotics.
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27
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Rahman B, Al-Marzooq F, Saad H, Benzina D, Al Kawas S. Dysbiosis of the Subgingival Microbiome and Relation to Periodontal Disease in Association with Obesity and Overweight. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15040826. [PMID: 36839184 PMCID: PMC9965236 DOI: 10.3390/nu15040826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity causes gut dysbiosis; nevertheless, little is known about the oral microbiome. We aimed to identify differences in the subgingival microbiota influenced by body weight and periodontal status. Patients (n = 75) recruited at the University Dental Hospital Sharjah, United Arab Emirates, were distributed into three equal groups (healthy weight, overweight, and obese) sub-divided into having either no-mild (NM) or moderate-severe (MS) periodontitis. Subgingival plaques were collected. Microbiota were identified by 16S rRNA sequencing using nanopore technology. Linear discriminant analysis demonstrated significant bacterial biomarkers for body weight and periodontal health. Unique microbiota signatures were identified, with enrichment of periopathogens in patients with MS periodontitis (Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans in obese, Tannerella forsythia and Treponema denticola in overweight, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum in healthy weight), thus reflecting differences in the microbiota affected by body weight. Other pathogenic bacteria, such as Salmonella enterica and Klebsiella pneumoniae, were enriched in overweight subjects with NM periodontitis, suggesting an increase in the relative abundance of pathogens even in patients with good periodontal health if they were overweight. Alpha and beta diversities were significantly different among the groups. Dysbiosis of the subgingival microbiota in obese and overweight individuals was associated with increased prevalence and severity of periodontal disease, which was correlated with the body mass index. This study highlights the immense importance of the oral microbiome and the need for lifestyle and dental interventions to resolve oral dysbiosis and restore normal homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Betul Rahman
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Farah Al-Marzooq
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, Al Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates
- Correspondence:
| | - Hiba Saad
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Health Sciences, College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Dalenda Benzina
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Health Sciences, College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sausan Al Kawas
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Health Sciences, College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
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Mu J, Guo Z, Wang X, Wang X, Fu Y, Li X, Zhu F, Hu G, Ma X. Seaweed polysaccharide relieves hexavalent chromium-induced gut microbial homeostasis. Front Microbiol 2023; 13:1100988. [PMID: 36726569 PMCID: PMC9884827 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1100988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Heavy metals released in the environment pose a huge threat to soil and water quality, food safety and public health. Additionally, humans and other mammals may also be directly exposed to heavy metals or exposed to heavy metals through the food chain, which seriously threatens the health of animals and humans. Chromium, especially hexavalent chromium [Cr (VI)], as a common heavy metal, has been shown to cause serious environmental pollution as well as intestinal damage. Thus, increasing research is devoted to finding drugs to mitigate the negative health effects of hexavalent chromium exposure. Seaweed polysaccharides have been demonstrated to have many pharmacological effects, but whether it can alleviate gut microbial dysbiosis caused by hexavalent chromium exposure has not been well characterized. Here, we hypothesized that seaweed polysaccharides could alleviate hexavalent chromium exposure-induced poor health in mice. Mice in Cr and seaweed polysaccharide treatment group was compulsively receive K2Cr2O7. At the end of the experiment, all mice were euthanized, and colon contents were collected for DNA sequencing analysis. Results showed that seaweed polysaccharide administration can restore the gut microbial dysbiosis and the reduction of gut microbial diversity caused by hexavalent chromium exposure in mice. Hexavalent chromium exposure also caused significant changes in the gut microbial composition of mice, including an increase in some pathogenic bacteria and a decrease in beneficial bacteria. However, seaweed polysaccharides administration could ameliorate the composition of gut microbiota. In conclusion, this study showed that seaweed polysaccharides can restore the negative effects of hexavalent chromium exposure in mice, including gut microbial dysbiosis. Meanwhile, this research also lays the foundation for the application of seaweed polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghao Mu
- Department of Urology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China,Department of Urology, The Seventh Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenhuan Guo
- Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Immunopharmacology of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicines, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, Henan, China,*Correspondence: Zhenhuan Guo, ✉
| | - Xiujun Wang
- Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Immunopharmacology of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicines, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xuefei Wang
- Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Immunopharmacology of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicines, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yunxing Fu
- Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Immunopharmacology of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicines, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xianghui Li
- Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Immunopharmacology of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicines, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Fuli Zhu
- Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Immunopharmacology of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicines, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Guangyuan Hu
- Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Immunopharmacology of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicines, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xia Ma
- Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Immunopharmacology of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicines, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, Henan, China,Xia Ma, ✉
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Sales KM, Reimer RA. Unlocking a novel determinant of athletic performance: The role of the gut microbiota, short-chain fatty acids, and "biotics" in exercise. JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2023; 12:36-44. [PMID: 36089243 PMCID: PMC9923434 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2022.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The gut microbiota refers to the collection of trillions of intestinal microorganisms that modulate central aspects of health and disease through influential effects on host physiology. Recently, a connection has been made between the gut microbiota and exercise. Initial investigations demonstrated the beneficial effects of exercise on the gut microbiota, with cross-sectional studies revealing positive correlations between exercise-associated states, and healthy gut microbiota and exercise interventions showed post-intervention increases in the abundance of beneficial bacterial taxa. More recent investigations have focused on exploring the reverse relationship: the influence of the gut microbiota on exercise performance. Murine investigations have revealed that certain bacterial taxa may enhance endurance exercise performance by augmenting various aspects of lactate metabolism. Further, short-chain fatty acids-which modulate metabolism at various organ sites, including within skeletal muscle-have been shown to enhance endurance exercise capacity in mice. This review highlights what is currently known about the connection between the gut microbiota and exercise, with a particular focus on the ergogenic potential of the gut microbiota and how it may be leveraged to enhance endurance exercise performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate M Sales
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Raylene A Reimer
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada; Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada.
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Ma M, Su J, Wang Y, Wang L, Li Y, Ding G, Ma Z, Peppelenbosch MP. Association of body mass index and intestinal (faecal) Streptococcus in adults in Xining city, China P.R. Benef Microbes 2022; 13:465-472. [PMID: 36264094 DOI: 10.3920/bm2021.0046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Body mass index (BMI) and gut microbiota show significant interaction, but most studies on the relationship between BMI and gut microbiota have been done in Western countries. Relationships that are also identified in other cultural backgrounds are likely to have functional importance. Hence here we explore gut microbiota in adults living in Xining city (China P.R.) and relate results to subject BMI. Analysis of bacterial 16s rRNA gene was performed on faecal samples from participants with normal-weight (n=24), overweight (n=24), obesity (n=11) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) (n=8). The results show that unweighted but not weighted Unifrac distance was significantly different when gut microbiota composition was compared between the groups. Importantly, the genus Streptococcus was remarkably decreased in both obese subjects and subjects suffering from T2D, as compared to normal-weight subjects. Accordingly, strong association was identified between the genus Streptococcus and BMI and especially Streptococcus salivarius subsp. thermophiles was a major contributor in this respect. As previous studies have shown that Streptococcus salivarius subsp. thermophiles is also negatively associated with obesity in Western cohorts, our results suggest that this species is a potential probiotic for the prevention of obesity and related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ma
- Department of endocrinology, the Fifth People's Hospital of Qinghai Province (Qinghai Tumor Hospital), Xining, China P.R
| | - J Su
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC - University Medical Center Rotterdam, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Basic Medicine, Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China P.R
| | - Y Wang
- China-Malaysia National Joint Laboratory, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, 730030, China P.R
| | - L Wang
- Department of endocrinology, the Fifth People's Hospital of Qinghai Province (Qinghai Tumor Hospital), Xining, China P.R
| | - Y Li
- Department of endocrinology, the Fifth People's Hospital of Qinghai Province (Qinghai Tumor Hospital), Xining, China P.R
| | - G Ding
- China-Malaysia National Joint Laboratory, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, 730030, China P.R
| | - Z Ma
- China-Malaysia National Joint Laboratory, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, 730030, China P.R
| | - M P Peppelenbosch
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC - University Medical Center Rotterdam, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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The Hypolipidemic Effect of Hawthorn Leaf Flavonoids through Modulating Lipid Metabolism and Gut Microbiota in Hyperlipidemic Rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:3033311. [PMID: 36425260 PMCID: PMC9681556 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3033311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Objective. The purpose of this study was to explore the potential mechanisms of the lipid-regulating effects and the effect on modulating the gut microbiota of hawthorn leaf flavonoids (HLF) in the high-fat diet-induced hyperlipidemic rats. Methods. The hypolipidemic effect of HLF was investigated in the high-fat diet-induced hyperlipidemic rats. The action targets of HLF in the treatment of hyperlipidemia were predicted by network pharmacology and KEGG enrichment bubble diagram, which were verified by the test of western blotting. Meanwhile, we used 16S rRNA sequencing to evaluate the effects of HLF on the microbes. Results. The results of animal experiments showed that HLF could reduce the body weight and regulate the levels of serum lipid in high-fat diet (HFD) rats. Meanwhile, for the related targets of cholesterol metabolism, HLF could significantly upregulate the expression of LDLR, NR1H3, and ABCG5/ABCG8; reduce the expression of PCSK9; and increase the level of CYP7A1 in the intestinal tissue, whereas cholesterol biosynthetic protein expressions including HMGCR and SCAP were lowered by HLF. In addition, HLF increased the activities of plasma SOD, CAT, and GSH-Px and decreased the levels of Casp 1, NLRP3, IL-1β, IL-18, and TNF-α, improving the degree of hepatocyte steatosis and inflammatory infiltration of rats. Notably, HLF significantly regulated the relative abundance of major bacteria such as g_Lactobacillus, g_Anaerostipes, g_[Eubacterium]_hallii_group, g_Fusicatenibacter, g_Akkermansia, and g_Collinsella. Synchronously, we found that HLF could regulate the disorder of plasma HEPC and TFR levels caused by HFD. Conclusion. This study demonstrates that HLF can regulate metabolic hyperlipidemia syndromes and modulate the relative abundance of major bacteria, which illustrated that it might be associated with the modulation of gut microbiota composition and metabolites.
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Mahboobi S, Ghasvarian M, Ghaem H, Alipour H, Alipour S, Eftekhari MH. Effects of probiotic and magnesium co-supplementation on mood, cognition, intestinal barrier function and inflammation in individuals with obesity and depressed mood: A randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1018357. [PMID: 36245482 PMCID: PMC9555745 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1018357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The co-occurrence of obesity and mood impairments named as “metabolic mood syndrome” (MMS) is often neglected in the obesity management. This study aimed to evaluate effects of Probio-Tec ®BG-VCap-6.5 and magnesium co-supplementation on mood, cognition, intestinal barrier function and serum C reactive protein (CRP) levels in participants with obesity and depressed mood. Design Seventy-four eligible participants were randomly allocated to either Probio-Tec®BG-VCap-6.5 [containing Lactobacillus rhamnosus (LGG®) and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. Lactis (BB-12®)] + Magnesium chloride or placebo for 9 weeks. Sociodemographic data were collected in the beginning. Anthropometric, dietary and physical activity (PA) assessments were carried out. Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scores were assessed through validated questionnaires. Fasting plasma zonulin, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and (CRP) were measured by ELIZA kits. Results Of seventy-four participants (mean age 37.51 ± 8.10), 52 completed the study. Changes in serum LPS and zonulin were not different significantly between groups (−3.04 ± 44.75 ng/dl, 0.11 ± 5.13, ng/dl, p > 0.05 for LPS and 1.40 ± 48.78 ng/dl, −0.17 ± 6.60, p > 0.05 for zonulin, respectively). CRP levels reduced significantly in intervention group compared to placebo [−474.75 (−1,300.00, −125.00) mg/l vs. 175.20 (−957.75, 1,683.25) mg/l, p = 0.016]. Changes in BDI-II and MoCA scores were not significantly different between intervention (−7.13 ± 5.67, 1.20 ± 2.16, respectively) and placebo (−5.42 ± 6.71, 1.94 ± 1.86, respectively) groups (p > 0.05). Conclusion Nine weeks of probiotic and magnesium co-supplementation resulted in decreased CRP levels as an indicator of inflammatory state with no significant effects on mood, cognition and intestinal integrity in individuals with obesity and depressed mood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepideh Mahboobi
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Marzieh Ghasvarian
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Haleh Ghaem
- Department of Epidemiology, Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hamzeh Alipour
- Department of Vector Biology and Control of Diseases, Research Center for Health Sciences, Institute of Health, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Shohreh Alipour
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Department of Pharmaceutical Quality Control, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hassan Eftekhari
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- *Correspondence: Mohammad Hassan Eftekhari
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Afzaal M, Saeed F, Shah YA, Hussain M, Rabail R, Socol CT, Hassoun A, Pateiro M, Lorenzo JM, Rusu AV, Aadil RM. Human gut microbiota in health and disease: Unveiling the relationship. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:999001. [PMID: 36225386 PMCID: PMC9549250 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.999001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 59.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The human gut possesses millions of microbes that define a complex microbial community. The gut microbiota has been characterized as a vital organ forming its multidirectional connecting axis with other organs. This gut microbiota axis is responsible for host-microbe interactions and works by communicating with the neural, endocrinal, humoral, immunological, and metabolic pathways. The human gut microorganisms (mostly non-pathogenic) have symbiotic host relationships and are usually associated with the host’s immunity to defend against pathogenic invasion. The dysbiosis of the gut microbiota is therefore linked to various human diseases, such as anxiety, depression, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, obesity, diabetes, inflammatory bowel disease, and cancer. The mechanism leading to the disease development has a crucial correlation with gut microbiota, metabolic products, and host immune response in humans. The understanding of mechanisms over gut microbiota exerts its positive or harmful impacts remains largely undefined. However, many recent clinical studies conducted worldwide are demonstrating the relation of specific microbial species and eubiosis in health and disease. A comprehensive understanding of gut microbiota interactions, its role in health and disease, and recent updates on the subject are the striking topics of the current review. We have also addressed the daunting challenges that must be brought under control to maintain health and treat diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Afzaal
- Department of Food Science, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
- *Correspondence: Muhammad Afzaal,
| | - Farhan Saeed
- Department of Food Science, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Yasir Abbas Shah
- Department of Food Science, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muzzamal Hussain
- Department of Food Science, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Roshina Rabail
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Abdo Hassoun
- Sustainable AgriFoodtech Innovation & Research (SAFIR), Arras, France
- Syrian Academic Expertise (SAE), Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Mirian Pateiro
- Centro Tecnológico de la Carne de Galicia, Ourense, Spain
| | - José M. Lorenzo
- Centro Tecnológico de la Carne de Galicia, Ourense, Spain
- Área de Tecnoloxía dos Alimentos, Faculdade de Ciências de Ourense, Universidade de Vigo, Ourense, Spain
| | - Alexandru Vasile Rusu
- Life Science Institute, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Faculty of Animal Science and Biotechnology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Rana Muhammad Aadil
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
- Rana Muhammad Aadil,
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He H, Liu M, He R, Zhao W. Lipid-lowering activity of metformin-soluble soybean polysaccharide nanoparticles. Food Funct 2022; 13:10265-10274. [PMID: 36125039 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo01237e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Soybean dregs are one of the most important albeit underutilized byproducts in soybean processing. In this study, soluble soybean polysaccharides with lipid-lowering activity were extracted from soybean dregs and used as a wall material for embedding metformin. Metformin-soluble soybean polysaccharide nanoparticles (MET-SSPS-NPs) were prepared by electrostatic interaction. The lipid-lowering activity and possible mechanism of MET-SSPS-NPs were investigated. Western blotting was used to detect the expression levels of cell-related protein proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) and low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) in vitro. The results showed that MET-SSPS-NPs lowered the expression of PCSK9 and improved LDLR levels. A high-fat diet (HFD) animal model was established to study the lipid-lowering effect of MET-SSPS-NPs by real-time quantitative PCR and western blotting. MET-SSPS-NPs significantly upregulated peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) expression and downregulated PCSK9, fatty acid-binding protein (FABP)7 and FABP5 expression more strongly than MET or SSPS alone. In conclusion, MET-SSPS-NPs can inhibit PCSK9 expression and improve the level of adipokines, providing a theoretical basis for the application of MET-SSPS-NPs in lipid lowering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan He
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, People's Republic China. .,Health College, Jiangsu Vocational Institute of Commerce, Nanjing 211168, People's Republic China
| | - Mengting Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic China
| | - Rong He
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic China
| | - Wei Zhao
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, People's Republic China.
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Feng Y, Si X, Zhu R, Chen J, Zhao W, Wang Q, Han S. Analysis of the Relationship between Gut Flora Levels in Childhood Obese Population and Normal Healthy Population Based on Machine Learning. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2022; 2022:6860940. [PMID: 36072769 PMCID: PMC9441368 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6860940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Aims To explore the study of the relationship between the level of gut flora in childhood obese people and normal healthy people based on the analysis of machine learning. Materials and Methods The stools of 54 normal weight, 53 overweight, and 59 obese children from May 2021 to May 2022 were selected. And DNA was extracted, and primers specific for the four bacteria were designed according to the specificity of the four bacteria to the 16 S rDNA gene sequences of the bacteria to be tested, and real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR reactions were performed to compare whether there was any difference in the number of the four bacteria between the three groups. Results. The results of agarose gel electrophoresis showed that the PCR amplification products of all four target bacteria showed clear bands at the corresponding positions, and no nonspecific bands appeared. When compared with the marker, the size matched with the target fragment, indicating good primer specificity. The comparison between normal body recombinant, super recombinant, and obese groups was statistically significant (P < 0.05) for rectal eubacteria, polymorphic anaplasma, bifidobacteria spp., and lactobacilli. The median number of bifidobacteria in the three groups was significantly higher than the median number of rectal eubacteria, polymorphomycetes, and lactobacilli. The difference in comparison was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Stratified analysis of children's age revealed that normal body composition of Lactobacillus decreased with increasing age, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion An increase in rectal eubacteria and a decrease in polymorphomycetes, bifidobacteria spp., and lactobacilli may be associated with the development of obesity. The numbers of rectal eubacteria, polymorphic methanobacteria, bifidobacteria spp., and lactobacilli in the intestine of normal weight and obese children were less affected by sex and age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoqing Feng
- School of Nursing, Shanxi Medical University, 56 Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province 030001, China
| | - Xia Si
- School of Nursing, Shanxi Medical University, 56 Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province 030001, China
| | - Ruifang Zhu
- School of Nursing, Shanxi Medical University, 56 Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province 030001, China
| | - Junxiang Chen
- School of Nursing, Shanxi Medical University, 56 Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province 030001, China
| | - Wenting Zhao
- School of Nursing, Shanxi Medical University, 56 Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province 030001, China
| | - Qian Wang
- School of Nursing, Shanxi Medical University, 56 Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province 030001, China
| | - Shifan Han
- School of Nursing, Shanxi Medical University, 56 Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province 030001, China
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The Biotics Family: Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives in Metabolic Diseases. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12081263. [PMID: 36013442 PMCID: PMC9410396 DOI: 10.3390/life12081263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Globally, metabolic diseases such as obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease pose a major public health threat. Many studies have confirmed the causal relationship between risk factors and the etiopathogenesis of these diseases. Despite this, traditional therapeutic management methods such as physical education and diet have proven insufficient. Recently, researchers have focused on other potential pathways for explaining the pathophysiological variability of metabolic diseases, such as the involvement of the intestinal microbiota. An understanding of the relationship between the microbiome and metabolic diseases is a first step towards developing future therapeutic strategies. Currently, much attention is given to the use of biotics family members such as prebiotics (lactolose, soy oligosaccharides, galactooligosaccharides, xylooligosaccharides or inulin) and probiotics (genera Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Lactococcus, Streptococcus or Enterococcus). They can be used both separately and together as synbiotics. Due to their direct influence on the composition of the intestinal microbiota, they have shown favorable results in the evolution of metabolic diseases. The expansion of the research area in the biotics family has led to the discovery of new members, like postbiotics. In the age of personalized medicine, their use as therapeutic options is of great interest to our study.
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Patrakeeva VP, Shtaborov VA. Nutrition and the state of the intestinal microflora in the formation of the metabolic syndrome. OBESITY AND METABOLISM 2022. [DOI: 10.14341/omet12893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The literature review presents the results of modern studies of the relationship between diet and intestinal microbiota in the regulation of metabolic disorders. Metabolic syndrome, which is a symptom complex that combines abdominal obesity, insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia and arterial hypertension, remains an important problem, being a risk factor for cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, oncological diseases and the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Although the pathogenesis of the metabolic syndrome has not yet been fully elucidated, it is known that visceral obesity and its associated complications, such as dyslipidemia and increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, play a central role. The article presents data on the impact of the consumption of certain food products, the inclusion of plant biologically active substances (flavonoids, polyphenols, etc.) in the diet, as well as the use of elimination diets with the exclusion of carbohydrates or fats from the diet, on reducing the risk of cardiovascular accidents, levels of fasting glucose, total cholesterol, LDL, triglycerides, C-reactive protein, leptin, insulin, reduction in body weight and waist circumference, reduction in the level of circulating endotoxins and changes in the activity of immunocompetent cells. Data are presented on the possible influence of the intestinal microbiota in maintaining inflammation and the formation of degenerative changes in the body. The role of changes in the ratio of the levels of pathogenic microflora, bifidobacteria and lactobacilli in the formation of a pathological condition is shown.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. P. Patrakeeva
- N. Laverov Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
| | - V. A. Shtaborov
- N. Laverov Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
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Guo J, Xu F, Xie Y, Chen B, Wang Y, Nie W, Zhou K, Zhou H, Xu B. Effect of Xuanwei Ham Proteins with Different Ripening Periods on Lipid Metabolism, Oxidative Stress and Gut Microbiota in Mice. Mol Nutr Food Res 2022; 66:e2101020. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202101020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Guo
- School of Food and Biological Engineering Hefei University of Technology Hefei 230601 China
- Engineering Research Center of Bio‐process Ministry of Education Hefei University of Technology Hefei 230601 China
| | - Feiran Xu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering Hefei University of Technology Hefei 230601 China
- Engineering Research Center of Bio‐process Ministry of Education Hefei University of Technology Hefei 230601 China
- Anhui Qingsong Food Co., Ltd. No.28 Ningxi Road Hefei 231299 China
| | - Yong Xie
- School of Food and Biological Engineering Hefei University of Technology Hefei 230601 China
- Engineering Research Center of Bio‐process Ministry of Education Hefei University of Technology Hefei 230601 China
| | - Bo Chen
- School of Food and Biological Engineering Hefei University of Technology Hefei 230601 China
- Engineering Research Center of Bio‐process Ministry of Education Hefei University of Technology Hefei 230601 China
| | - Ying Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering Hefei University of Technology Hefei 230601 China
- Engineering Research Center of Bio‐process Ministry of Education Hefei University of Technology Hefei 230601 China
| | - Wen Nie
- School of Food and Biological Engineering Hefei University of Technology Hefei 230601 China
- Engineering Research Center of Bio‐process Ministry of Education Hefei University of Technology Hefei 230601 China
| | - Kai Zhou
- School of Food and Biological Engineering Hefei University of Technology Hefei 230601 China
- Engineering Research Center of Bio‐process Ministry of Education Hefei University of Technology Hefei 230601 China
| | - Hui Zhou
- School of Food and Biological Engineering Hefei University of Technology Hefei 230601 China
- Engineering Research Center of Bio‐process Ministry of Education Hefei University of Technology Hefei 230601 China
| | - Baocai Xu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering Hefei University of Technology Hefei 230601 China
- Engineering Research Center of Bio‐process Ministry of Education Hefei University of Technology Hefei 230601 China
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Wang T, Rong X, Zhao C. Circadian Rhythms Coordinated With Gut Microbiota Partially Account for Individual Differences in Hepatitis B-Related Cirrhosis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:936815. [PMID: 35846774 PMCID: PMC9283756 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.936815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cirrhosis is the end stage of chronic liver diseases like chronic hepatitis B. In China, hepatitis B accounts for around 60% of cases of cirrhosis. So far, clinical and laboratory indexes for the early diagnosis of cirrhosis are far from satisfactory. Nevertheless, there haven’t been specific drugs for cirrhosis. Thus, it is quite necessary to uncover more specific factors which play their roles in cirrhosis and figure out the possible therapeutic targets. Among emerging factors taking part in the initiation and progression of cirrhosis, gut microbiota might be a pivot of systemic factors like metabolism and immune and different organs like gut and liver. Discovery of detailed molecular mechanism in gut microbiota and gut liver axis leads to a more promising prospect of developing new drugs intervening in these pathways. Time-based medication regimen has been proofed to be helpful in hormonotherapy, especially in the use of glucocorticoid. Thus, circadian rhythms, though haven’t been strongly linked to hepatitis B and its complications, are still pivotal to various pathophysiological progresses. Gut microbiota as a potential effective factor of circadian rhythms has also received increasing attentions. Here, our work, restricting cirrhosis to the post-hepatitis B one, is aimed to summarize how circadian rhythms and hepatitis B-related cirrhosis can intersect via gut microbiota, and to throw new insights on the development of new and time-based therapies for hepatitis B-related cirrhosis and other cirrhosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongyao Wang
- Ministry of Education (MOE)/National Health Commission (NHC)/Chinese Academy of Medical Science (CAMS) Key Lab of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences & National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xingyu Rong
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Chao Zhao
- Ministry of Education (MOE)/National Health Commission (NHC)/Chinese Academy of Medical Science (CAMS) Key Lab of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences & National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Pathogenic Microbes and Infection, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Chao Zhao,
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Jia Y, He T, Wu D, Tong J, Zhu J, Li Z, Dong J. The treatment of Qibai Pingfei Capsule on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease may be mediated by Th17/Treg balance and gut-lung axis microbiota. Lab Invest 2022; 20:281. [PMID: 35729584 PMCID: PMC9210581 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03481-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), a prevalent, progressive respiratory disease, has become the third leading cause of death globally. Increasing evidence suggests that intestinal and pulmonary microbiota dysbiosis is associated with COPD. Researchers have shown that T helper (Th) 17/regulatory T (Treg) imbalance is involved in COPD. Qibai Pingfei Capsule (QBPF) is a traditional Chinese medicine used to treat COPD clinically in China. However, the effects of QBPF intervention on the Th17/Treg balance and microbiota in the gut and lung are still poorly understood. METHODS This study divided the rats into three groups (n = 8): control, model, and QBPF group. After establishing the model of COPD for four weeks and administering of QBPF for two weeks, Th17 cells, Treg cells, their associated cytokines, transcription factors, and intestinal and pulmonary microbiota of rats were analyzed. Furthermore, the correlations between intestinal and pulmonary microbiota and between bacterial genera and pulmonary function and immune function were measured. RESULTS The results revealed that QBPF could improve pulmonary function and contribute to the new balance of Th17/Treg in COPD rats. Meanwhile, QBPF treatment could regulate the composition of intestinal and pulmonary microbiota and improve community structure in COPD rats, suppressing the relative abundance of Coprococcus_2, Prevotella_9, and Blautia in the gut and Mycoplasma in the lung, but accumulating the relative abundance of Prevotellaceae_UCG_003 in the gut and Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group in the lung. Additionally, gut-lung axis was confirmed by the significant correlations between the intestinal and pulmonary microbiota. Functional analysis of microbiota showed amino acid metabolism was altered in COPD rats in the gut and lung. Spearman correlation analysis further enriched the relationship between the microbiota in the gut and lung and pulmonary function and immune function in COPD model rats. CONCLUSIONS Our study indicated that the therapeutic effects of QBPF may be achieved by maintaining the immune cell balance and regulating the gut-lung axis microbiota, providing references to explore the potential biomarkers of COPD and the possible mechanism of QBPF to treat COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Jia
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, No.1, Qianjiang Road, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Tiantian He
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, No.1, Qianjiang Road, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Di Wu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prevention and Control on Respiratory Disease, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, No. 117, Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jiabing Tong
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prevention and Control on Respiratory Disease, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, No. 117, Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jie Zhu
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, No.1, Qianjiang Road, Hefei, Anhui, China. .,Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. .,Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prevention and Control on Respiratory Disease, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, No. 117, Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, China.
| | - Zegeng Li
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prevention and Control on Respiratory Disease, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, No. 117, Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, China. .,Department of Respiratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, China.
| | - Jingcheng Dong
- Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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Gao J, Ma L, Yin J, Liu G, Ma J, Xia S, Gong S, Han Q, Li T, Chen Y, Yin Y. Camellia ( Camellia oleifera bel.) seed oil reprograms gut microbiota and alleviates lipid accumulation in high fat-fed mice through the mTOR pathway. Food Funct 2022; 13:4977-4992. [PMID: 35452062 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo04075h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Camellia (Camellia oleifera bel.) seed oil (CO) is extensively used as an edible oil in China and Asian countries owing to its high nutritional and medicinal values. It has been shown that a high-fat diet enhances lipid accumulation and induces intestinal microbiota imbalance in mice. However, it is still to be learned whether CO prevents dyslipidemia through gut microbiota. Here, using 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis of the gut microbiota, we found that oral CO relieved lipid accumulation and reversed gut microbiota dysbiosis. Compared to mice (C57BL/6J male mice) fed a high-fat diet, treatment with CO regulated the composition and functional profiling communities related to the lipid metabolism of gut microbiota. The abundances of Dubosiella, Lactobacillus, and Alistipes were markedly increased in CO supplementation mice. In addition, the colon levels of isobutyric acid, pentanoic acid, and isovaleric acid were similar between the control and CO supplementation mice. Besides, the results indicated that CO supplementation in mice alleviated lipid droplet accumulation in the hepatocytes and subcutaneous adipose tissue, although the liver index did not show a difference. Notably, CO supplementation for 6 weeks significantly reduced the levels of LDL, TC, and TG, while enhancing the level of HDL in serum and liver. Meanwhile, we also identified that CO supplementation suppressed the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway in high fat-fed (HF-fed) mice. Taken together, our results suggest that CO improved dyslipidemia and alleviated lipid accumulation in HF-fed mice, the molecular mechanisms possibly associated with the reorganization of gut microbiota, in particular, Alistipes and Dubosiella, mediated the inhibition of the mTOR pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Gao
- Research Institute of Oil Tea Camellia, Hunan Academy of Forestry, Shao shan South Road, No. 658, Changsha 410004, China. .,National Engineering Research Center for Oil Tea Camellia, Changsha 410004, China.,Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - Li Ma
- Research Institute of Oil Tea Camellia, Hunan Academy of Forestry, Shao shan South Road, No. 658, Changsha 410004, China. .,National Engineering Research Center for Oil Tea Camellia, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Jie Yin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Gang Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Jie Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - SiTing Xia
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - SaiMing Gong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Qi Han
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - TieJun Li
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - YongZhong Chen
- Research Institute of Oil Tea Camellia, Hunan Academy of Forestry, Shao shan South Road, No. 658, Changsha 410004, China. .,National Engineering Research Center for Oil Tea Camellia, Changsha 410004, China
| | - YuLong Yin
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China. .,College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
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Uchida-Fukuhara Y, Hattori T, Fu S, Kondo S, Kuwahara M, Fukuhara D, Islam MM, Kataoka K, Ekuni D, Kubota S, Morita M, Iikegame M, Okamura H. Maternal Gut Microbiome Decelerates Fetal Endochondral Bone Formation by Inducing Inflammatory Reaction. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10051000. [PMID: 35630443 PMCID: PMC9147398 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10051000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
To investigate the effect of the maternal gut microbiome on fetal endochondral bone formation, fetuses at embryonic day 18 were obtained from germ-free (GF) and specific-pathogen-free (SPF) pregnant mothers. Skeletal preparation of the fetuses’ whole bodies did not show significant morphological alterations; however, micro-CT analysis of the tibiae showed a lower bone volume fraction in the SPF tibia. Primary cultured chondrocytes from fetal SPF rib cages showed a lower cell proliferation and lower accumulation of the extracellular matrix. RNA-sequencing analysis showed the induction of inflammation-associated genes such as the interleukin (IL) 17 receptor, IL 6, and immune-response genes in SPF chondrocytes. These data indicate that the maternal gut microbiome in SPF mice affects fetal embryonic endochondral ossification, possibly by changing the expression of genes related to inflammation and the immune response in fetal cartilage. The gut microbiome may modify endochondral ossification in the fetal chondrocytes passing through the placenta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Uchida-Fukuhara
- Department of Oral Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8525, Japan; (M.I.); (H.O.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-86-235-6632; Fax: +81-86-235-6634
| | - Takako Hattori
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8525, Japan; (T.H.); (S.F.); (S.K.); (M.K.); (S.K.)
| | - Shanqi Fu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8525, Japan; (T.H.); (S.F.); (S.K.); (M.K.); (S.K.)
| | - Sei Kondo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8525, Japan; (T.H.); (S.F.); (S.K.); (M.K.); (S.K.)
| | - Miho Kuwahara
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8525, Japan; (T.H.); (S.F.); (S.K.); (M.K.); (S.K.)
| | - Daiki Fukuhara
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama 700-0914, Japan;
| | - Md Monirul Islam
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8558, Japan; (M.M.I.); (K.K.); (D.E.); (M.M.)
| | - Kota Kataoka
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8558, Japan; (M.M.I.); (K.K.); (D.E.); (M.M.)
| | - Daisuke Ekuni
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8558, Japan; (M.M.I.); (K.K.); (D.E.); (M.M.)
| | - Satoshi Kubota
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8525, Japan; (T.H.); (S.F.); (S.K.); (M.K.); (S.K.)
| | - Manabu Morita
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8558, Japan; (M.M.I.); (K.K.); (D.E.); (M.M.)
| | - Mika Iikegame
- Department of Oral Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8525, Japan; (M.I.); (H.O.)
| | - Hirohiko Okamura
- Department of Oral Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8525, Japan; (M.I.); (H.O.)
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Hur HJ, Wu X, Yang HJ, Kim MJ, Lee KH, Hong M, Park S, Kim MS. Beneficial Effects of a Low-Glycemic Diet on Serum Metabolites and Gut Microbiota in Obese Women With Prevotella and Bacteriodes Enterotypes: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Front Nutr 2022; 9:861880. [PMID: 35592630 PMCID: PMC9111978 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.861880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Generalized healthy eating patterns may not benefit everyone due to different genetics and enterotypes. We aimed to compare the effects of a low-glycemic diet representing the Korean traditional balanced diet (Low-GID) and westernized diet as a control diet (CD) on anthropometry, serum metabolites, and fecal bacteria in a randomized clinical trial according to enterotypes. We recruited 52 obese women aged 30-50 years, and they consumed Low-GID and CD meals for 1 month, with a 1-month washout period, in a crossover randomized clinical trial. The Low-GID was mainly composed of whole grains with fish, vegetables, seaweeds, and perilla oil, whereas CD contained refined rice, bread, noodles, meats, and processed foods. Serum lipid profiles, metabolomics, serum short-chain fatty acids, and fecal bacteria were analyzed. The important variables influenced by Low-GID and CD were determined by SHAP value in the XGBoost algorithm according to Bacteroides (ET-B) and Prevotella (ET-P). Low-GID and CD interventions did not change the enterotypes, but they modified serum metabolites and some fecal bacterial species differently according to enterotypes. The 10-fold cross-validation of the XGBoost classifier in the ET-P and ET-B clusters was 0.91 ± 0.04 and 0.8 ± 0.07, respectively. In the ET-P cluster, serum L-homocysteine, glutamate, leucine concentrations, and muscle mass were higher in the CD group than in the Low-GID group, whereas serum 3-hydroxybutyric acid concentration was significantly higher in the Low-GID group than in the CD group (p < 0.05). In fecal bacteria, Gemmiger formicilis, Collinsella aerofaciens, and Escherichia coli were higher in the CD group than in the Low-GID group. In the ET-B cohort, serum tryptophan and total cholesterol concentrations were higher in the CD group than in the Low-GID group, whereas serum glutathione and 3-hydroxybutyric acid concentrations were significantly higher in the Low-GID group than in the CD group (p < 0.05). However, Bifidobacterium longum was higher in CD than Low-GID in the ET-B cluster, but serum butyric acid levels were higher in the Low-GID than in the CD group. In conclusion, Low-GID can be recommended in obese women with both ET-P and ET-B enterotypes, although its efficacy was more effective in ET-P. Clinical Trial Registration [https://cris.nih.go.kr/cris/search/detailSearch.do/17398], identifier [KCT0005340].
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Affiliation(s)
- Haeng Jeon Hur
- Food Functionality Research Division, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju, South Korea
| | - Xuangao Wu
- Obesity/Diabetes Research Center, Department of Food and Nutrition, Hoseo University, Asan, South Korea
| | - Hye Jeong Yang
- Food Functionality Research Division, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju, South Korea
| | - Min Jung Kim
- Food Functionality Research Division, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju, South Korea
| | - Kyun-Hee Lee
- Food Functionality Research Division, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju, South Korea
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Wanju, South Korea
| | - Moonju Hong
- Food Functionality Research Division, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju, South Korea
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Wanju, South Korea
| | - Sunmin Park
- Obesity/Diabetes Research Center, Department of Food and Nutrition, Hoseo University, Asan, South Korea
| | - Myung-Sunny Kim
- Food Functionality Research Division, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju, South Korea
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Wanju, South Korea
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Basak S, Banerjee A, Pathak S, Duttaroy AK. Dietary Fats and the Gut Microbiota: Their impacts on lipid-induced metabolic syndrome. J Funct Foods 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.105026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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Nickel L, Sünderhauf A, Rawish E, Stölting I, Derer S, Thorns C, Matschl U, Othman A, Sina C, Raasch W. The AT1 Receptor Blocker Telmisartan Reduces Intestinal Mucus Thickness in Obese Mice. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:815353. [PMID: 35431918 PMCID: PMC9009210 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.815353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The angiotensin II (type 1) (AT1) receptor blocker telmisartan (TEL) is beneficial for the treatment of individuals suffering from metabolic syndrome. As we have shown that TEL has an impact on gut microbiota, we investigated here whether TEL influences gut barrier function. C57BL/6N mice were fed with chow or high-fat diet (HFD) and treated with vehicle or TEL (8 mg/kg/day). Mucus thickness was determined by immunohistochemistry. Periodic Acid-Schiff staining allowed the number of goblet cells to be counted. Using western blots, qPCR, and immunohistochemistry, factors related to mucus biosynthesis (Muc2, St6galnac), proliferation (Ki-67), or necroptosis (Rip3) were measured. The influence on cell viability was determined in vitro by using losartan, as the water solubility of TEL was too low for in vitro experiments. Upon HFD, mice developed obesity as well as leptin and insulin resistance, which were prevented by TEL. Mucus thickness upon HFD-feeding was diminished. Independent of feeding, TEL additionally reduced mucus thickness. Numbers of goblet cells were not affected by HFD-feeding and TEL. St6galnac expression was increased by TEL. Rip3 was increased in TEL-treated and HFD-fed mice, while Ki-67 decreased. Cell viability was diminished by using >1 mM losartan. The anti-obese effect of TEL was associated with a decrease in mucus thickness, which was likely not related to a lower expression of Muc2 and goblet cells. A decrease in Ki-67 and increase in Rip3 indicates lower cell proliferation and increased necroptosis upon TEL. However, direct cell toxic effects are ruled out, as in vivo concentrations are lower than 1 mM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Nickel
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Annika Sünderhauf
- Division of Nutritional Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Elias Rawish
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Ines Stölting
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Stefanie Derer
- Division of Nutritional Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | | | - Urte Matschl
- Department Virus Immunology, Heinrich Pette Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Alaa Othman
- CBBM (Centre of Brain, Behaviour and Metabolism), University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Germany
| | - Christian Sina
- Division of Nutritional Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Walter Raasch
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- CBBM (Centre of Brain, Behaviour and Metabolism), University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- *Correspondence: Walter Raasch,
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Su H, Wang WJ, Zheng GD, Yin ZP, Li JE, Chen LL, Zhang QF. The anti-obesity and gut microbiota modulating effects of taxifolin in C57BL/6J mice fed with a high-fat diet. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2022; 102:1598-1608. [PMID: 34409603 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Taxifolin is a natural dihydroflavonol found in many plants and health products. In the present study, its anti-obesity and gut microbiota modulating effects were studied. C57BL/6J mice were fed with a high-fat diet (HFD) supplemented with taxifolin (0, 0.5 and 1 mg mL-1 , respectively) in drinking water for 15 weeks. RESULTS Taxifolin supplementation showed no influence on food and water intake. However, it decreased body weight gain, inhibited fat accumulation, and decreased total cholesterol and triacylglycerol level in mice liver. Taxifolin enhanced superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in mice liver, which in turn protected the liver from lipid peroxidation damage. It also improved insulin resistance in obese mice. Metagenomic analysis of bacterial 16S rRNA demonstrated that HFD decreased gut microbiota diversity and caused dysbiosis. However, taxifolin improved the gut microbiota diversity and decreased the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio. In particular, it inhibited Proteobacteria from blooming, this being a signature of dysbiosis in gut microbiota. CONCLUSION Taxifolin ameliorated the symptoms of obesity, hepatic steatosis, lipid peroxidation, insulin resistance, and gut microbiota dysbiosis in HFD fed C57BL/6J mice. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Su
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Product and Functional Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Wen-Jun Wang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Product and Functional Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Guo-Dong Zheng
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Product and Functional Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhong-Ping Yin
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Product and Functional Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jing-En Li
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Product and Functional Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Ling-Li Chen
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Product and Functional Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Qing-Feng Zhang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Product and Functional Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
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Keller BN, Hajnal A, Browning KN, Arnold AC, Silberman Y. Involvement of the Dorsal Vagal Complex in Alcohol-Related Behaviors. Front Behav Neurosci 2022; 16:801825. [PMID: 35330845 PMCID: PMC8940294 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2022.801825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The neurobiological mechanisms that regulate the development and maintenance of alcohol use disorder (AUD) are complex and involve a wide variety of within and between systems neuroadaptations. While classic reward, preoccupation, and withdrawal neurocircuits have been heavily studied in terms of AUD, viable treatment targets from this established literature have not proven clinically effective as of yet. Therefore, examination of additional neurocircuitries not classically studied in the context of AUD may provide novel therapeutic targets. Recent studies demonstrate that various neuropeptides systems are important modulators of alcohol reward, seeking, and intake behaviors. This includes neurocircuitry within the dorsal vagal complex (DVC), which is involved in the control of the autonomic nervous system, control of intake of natural rewards like food, and acts as a relay of interoceptive sensory information via interactions of numerous gut-brain peptides and neurotransmitter systems with DVC projections to central and peripheral targets. DVC neuron subtypes produce a variety of neuropeptides and transmitters and project to target brain regions critical for reward such as the mesolimbic dopamine system as well as other limbic areas important for the negative reinforcing and aversive properties of alcohol withdrawal such as the extended amygdala. This suggests the DVC may play a role in the modulation of various aspects of AUD. This review summarizes the current literature on neurotransmitters and neuropeptides systems in the DVC (e.g., norepinephrine, glucagon-like peptide 1, neurotensin, cholecystokinin, thyrotropin-releasing hormone), and their potential relevance to alcohol-related behaviors in humans and rodent models for AUD research. A better understanding of the role of the DVC in modulating alcohol related behaviors may lead to the elucidation of novel therapeutic targets for drug development in AUD.
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Martínez-Montoro JI, Damas-Fuentes M, Fernández-García JC, Tinahones FJ. Role of the Gut Microbiome in Beta Cell and Adipose Tissue Crosstalk: A Review. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:869951. [PMID: 35634505 PMCID: PMC9133559 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.869951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last decades, obesity has reached epidemic proportions worldwide. Obesity is a chronic disease associated with a wide range of comorbidities, including insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D), which results in significant burden of disease and major consequences on health care systems. Of note, intricate interactions, including different signaling pathways, are necessary for the establishment and progression of these two closely related conditions. Altered cell-to-cell communication among the different players implicated in this equation leads to the perpetuation of a vicious circle associated with an increased risk for the development of obesity-related complications, such as T2D, which in turn contributes to the development of cardiovascular disease. In this regard, the dialogue between the adipocyte and pancreatic beta cells has been extensively studied, although some connections are yet to be fully elucidated. In this review, we explore the potential pathological mechanisms linking adipocyte dysfunction and pancreatic beta cell impairment/insulin resistance. In addition, we evaluate the role of emerging actors, such as the gut microbiome, in this complex crosstalk.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Ignacio Martínez-Montoro
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Faculty of Medicine, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- *Correspondence: José Ignacio Martínez-Montoro, ; Francisco J. Tinahones,
| | - Miguel Damas-Fuentes
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Faculty of Medicine, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Carlos Fernández-García
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Regional University Hospital of Málaga, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Faculty of Medicine, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Francisco J. Tinahones
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Faculty of Medicine, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: José Ignacio Martínez-Montoro, ; Francisco J. Tinahones,
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Hassan NE, El-Masry SA, Nageeb A, El Hussieny MS, Khalil A, Aly M, Selim M, Alian K, Abdel Rasheed E, Abdel Wahed MM, Amine D. Linking Gut Microbiota, Metabolic Syndrome and Metabolic Health among a Sample of Obese Egyptian Females. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2021.7625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Studies of the gut microbiota have revealed a great link to obesity and metabolic syndrome (MetS). The aim of this study was to review the dysbiosis of gut microbiota in terms of the components of MetS among a sample of obese Egyptian female patients and to assess current potential gut microbiota targeted therapies for the treatment of MetS. Methods: This study is a cross-sectional study included 82 obese Egyptian women. All participants were subjected to anthropometric assessment; and laboratory evaluation of fasting blood sugar (FBS), insulin, C-reactive protein (CRP), lipid profile and insulin resistance (HOMA), in addition to fecal microbiota analysis for Lactobacillus, Bifidobacteria, Firmicutes and Bacteroid. Results: Among obese group with MetS, Firmicutes / Bacteroidetes Ratio was negatively associated with HOMA and positively associated with serum cholesterol and LDL, while lactobacillus was negatively associated with serum cholesterol. Among obese group without MetS, Firmicutes/ Bacteroidetes ratio is negatively associated with WC (central obesity marker) and positively associated with CRP (inflammatory marker), while lactobacillus was positively correlated with FBS and HOMA, and Bifidobacteria was negatively associated with serum cholesterol and LDL.Conclusion: The two beneficial types the Lactobacillus and bifidobacteria supplementation in form of probiotic with therapeutic treatment and decreasing of WChave their important role in controlling and treating hypertension, serum cholesterol and LDL levels, among obese females even with MetS.
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Wang R, Bai Y, Yang Y, Wu X, Li R. A Comparison of Production Performance, Egg Quality, and Cecal Microbiota in Laying Hens Receiving Graded Levels of Vitamin B 12. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:712183. [PMID: 34746275 PMCID: PMC8566728 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.712183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of the study was to investigate the effect of fortified diets with standard vs. high levels of vitamin B12 on cecal microbiota composition, production performance, and eggshell quality of laying hens. Dietary treatments consisted of a basal diet with no supplementation of vitamin B12 or supplemented with 25, 100, and 400 μg/kg vitamin B12, respectively. A total of 432 laying hens were randomly assigned to four treatments with six replicates per treatment. No significant effect of dietary treatments on the production performance of hens was detected. The shell thickness of eggs from hens fed diet supplemented with 100 μg/kg of vitamin B12 was higher (P < 0.01) than that of eggs from hens fed control diet or supplemented with 25 μg/kg vitamin B12. The shell percentage of eggs from hens fed diet supplemented with 400 μg/kg of vitamin B12 was higher (P < 0.01) than that of eggs from hens fed other treatment diets. Dietary vitamin B12 did not modulate diversity of the cecal microbiota of the layers. At genus level, the cecal content from layers fed diet with supplemental level of 100 or 400 μg/kg of vitamin B12 had higher (P < 0.01) abundance of Faecalibacterium and lower (P < 0.05) abundance of Acinetobacter compared with the cecal content from layers fed other two diets. The abundance of Lactobacillus in the cecal samples from layers fed 100 μg/kg of supplemental level of vitamin B12 was higher (P < 0.05) than that from layers fed other three diets. The abundance of Butyricicoccus was higher (P < 0.05), while Bilophila was lower (P < 0.05) in the cecal content of layers fed 400 μg/kg of vitamin B12 diet compared with those from layers fed other three diets. The results of PICRUSt analysis indicated that 10 predicted metabolic functions of the cecal microbial communities were positively correlated to dietary vitamin B12 level. Overall, dietary supplementation of 100 or 400 μg/kg of vitamin B12 had equivalent effects and caused the significant change in composition and metabolic functions of cecal microorganisms, which could positively impact eggshell quality, metabolism, and gut health of laying hens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wang
- Laboratory of Poultry Production, College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China.,Department of Life Sciences, Luliang University, Luliang, China
| | - Yan Bai
- Laboratory of Poultry Production, College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Yu Yang
- Laboratory of Poultry Production, College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Xiaotian Wu
- Laboratory of Poultry Production, College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Ruirui Li
- Laboratory of Poultry Production, College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
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