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Zhou XH, Hua MM, Tang JN, Wu BG, Wang XM, Shi CG, Yang Y, Wu J, Wu B, Zhang BL, Sun YS, Zhang TC, Shi HJ. Application of genome tagging technology in elucidating the function of sperm-specific protein 411 (Ssp411). Asian J Androl 2024:00129336-990000000-00213. [PMID: 39091129 DOI: 10.4103/aja202442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The genome tagging project (GTP) plays a pivotal role in addressing a critical gap in the understanding of protein functions. Within this framework, we successfully generated a human influenza hemagglutinin-tagged sperm-specific protein 411 (HA-tagged Ssp411) mouse model. This model is instrumental in probing the expression and function of Ssp411. Our research revealed that Ssp411 is expressed in the round spermatids, elongating spermatids, elongated spermatids, and epididymal spermatozoa. The comprehensive examination of the distribution of Ssp411 in these germ cells offers new perspectives on its involvement in spermiogenesis. Nevertheless, rigorous further inquiry is imperative to elucidate the precise mechanistic underpinnings of these functions. Ssp411 is not detectable in metaphase II (MII) oocytes, zygotes, or 2-cell stage embryos, highlighting its intricate role in early embryonic development. These findings not only advance our understanding of the role of Ssp411 in reproductive physiology but also significantly contribute to the overarching goals of the GTP, fostering groundbreaking advancements in the fields of spermiogenesis and reproductive biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Hai Zhou
- Shanghai-MOST Key Laboratory of Health and Disease Genomics, NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation, Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 200237, China
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2
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Peña FJ, Martín-Cano FE, Becerro-Rey L, Ortega-Ferrusola C, Gaitskell-Phillips G, da Silva-Álvarez E, Gil MC. Proteomics is advancing the understanding of stallion sperm biology. Proteomics 2024; 24:e2300522. [PMID: 38807556 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.202300522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
The mammalian ejaculate is very well suited to proteomics studies. As such, research concerning sperm proteomics is offering a huge amount of new information on the biology of spermatozoa. Among domestic animals, horses represent a species of special interest, in which reproductive technologies and a sizeable market of genetic material have grown exponentially in the last decade. Studies using proteomic approaches have been conducted in recent years, showing that proteomics is a potent tool to dig into the biology of the stallion spermatozoa. The aim of this review is to present an overview of the research conducted, and how these studies have improved our knowledge of stallion sperm biology. The main outcomes of the research conducted so far have been an improved knowledge of metabolism, and its importance in sperm functions, the impact of different technologies on the sperm proteome, and the identification of potential biomarkers. Moreover, proteomics of seminal plasma and phosphoproteomics are identified as areas of major interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando J Peña
- Laboratory of Equine Reproduction and Equine Spermatology, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Universidad de Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Francisco Eduardo Martín-Cano
- Laboratory of Equine Reproduction and Equine Spermatology, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Universidad de Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Laura Becerro-Rey
- Laboratory of Equine Reproduction and Equine Spermatology, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Universidad de Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Cristina Ortega-Ferrusola
- Laboratory of Equine Reproduction and Equine Spermatology, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Universidad de Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Gemma Gaitskell-Phillips
- Laboratory of Equine Reproduction and Equine Spermatology, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Universidad de Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Eva da Silva-Álvarez
- Laboratory of Equine Reproduction and Equine Spermatology, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Universidad de Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - María Cruz Gil
- Laboratory of Equine Reproduction and Equine Spermatology, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Universidad de Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
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Bergeron JJM. Proteomics Impact on Cell Biology to Resolve Cell Structure and Function. Mol Cell Proteomics 2024; 23:100758. [PMID: 38574860 PMCID: PMC11070594 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcpro.2024.100758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The acceleration of advances in proteomics has enabled integration with imaging at the EM and light microscopy levels, cryo-EM of protein structures, and artificial intelligence with proteins comprehensively and accurately resolved for cell structures at nanometer to subnanometer resolution. Proteomics continues to outpace experimentally based structural imaging, but their ultimate integration is a path toward the goal of a compendium of all proteins to understand mechanistically cell structure and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- John J M Bergeron
- Department of Medicine, McGill University Hospital Research Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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4
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Parkes R, Garcia TX. Bringing proteomics to bear on male fertility: key lessons. Expert Rev Proteomics 2024; 21:181-203. [PMID: 38536015 DOI: 10.1080/14789450.2024.2327553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Male infertility is a major public health concern globally. Proteomics has revolutionized our comprehension of male fertility by identifying potential infertility biomarkers and reproductive defects. Studies comparing sperm proteome with other male reproductive tissues have the potential to refine fertility diagnostics and guide infertility treatment development. AREAS COVERED This review encapsulates literature using proteomic approaches to progress male reproductive biology. Our search methodology included systematic searches of databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science for articles up to 2023. Keywords used included 'male fertility proteomics,' 'spermatozoa proteome,' 'testis proteomics,' 'epididymal proteomics,' and 'non-hormonal male contraception.' Inclusion criteria were robust experimental design, significant contributions to male fertility, and novel use of proteomic technologies. EXPERT OPINION Expert analysis shows a shift from traditional research to an integrative approach that clarifies male reproductive health's molecular intricacies. A gap exists between proteomic discoveries and clinical application. The expert opinions consolidated here not only navigate the current findings but also chart the future proteomic applications for scientific and clinical breakthroughs. We underscore the need for continued investment in proteomic research - both in the technological and collaborative arenas - to further unravel the secrets of male fertility, which will be central to resolving fertility issues in the coming era.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Parkes
- Center for Drug Discovery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, USA
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, USA
| | - Thomas X Garcia
- Center for Drug Discovery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, USA
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, USA
- Scott Department of Urology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, USA
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5
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Castillo J, de la Iglesia A, Leiva M, Jodar M, Oliva R. Proteomics of human spermatozoa. Hum Reprod 2023; 38:2312-2320. [PMID: 37632247 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dead170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Proteomic methodologies offer a robust approach to identify and quantify thousands of proteins from semen components in both fertile donors and infertile patients. These strategies provide an unprecedented discovery potential, which many research teams are currently exploiting. However, it is essential to follow a suitable experimental design to generate robust data, including proper purification of samples, appropriate technical procedures to increase identification throughput, and data analysis following quality criteria. More than 6000 proteins have been described so far through proteomic analyses in the mature sperm cell, increasing our knowledge on processes involved in sperm function, intercommunication between spermatozoa and seminal fluid, and the transcriptional origin of the proteins. These data have been complemented with comparative studies to ascertain the potential role of the identified proteins on sperm maturation and functionality, and its impact on infertility. By comparing sperm protein profiles, many proteins involved in the acquisition of fertilizing ability have been identified. Furthermore, altered abundance of specific protein groups has been observed in a wide range of infertile phenotypes, including asthenozoospermia, oligozoospermia, and normozoospermia with unsuccessful assisted reproductive techniques outcomes, leading to the identification of potential clinically useful protein biomarkers. Finally, proteomics has been used to evaluate alterations derived from semen sample processing, which might have an impact on fertility treatments. However, the intrinsic heterogeneity and inter-individual variability of the semen samples have resulted in a relatively low overlap among proteomic reports, highlighting the relevance of combining strategies for data validation and applying strict criteria for proteomic data analysis to obtain reliable results. This mini-review provides an overview of the most critical steps to conduct robust sperm proteomic studies, the most relevant results obtained so far, and potential next steps to increase the impact of sperm proteomic data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judit Castillo
- Molecular Biology of Reproduction and Development Research Group, Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Fundació Clínic per a la Recerca Biomèdica, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alberto de la Iglesia
- Molecular Biology of Reproduction and Development Research Group, Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Fundació Clínic per a la Recerca Biomèdica, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marina Leiva
- Molecular Biology of Reproduction and Development Research Group, Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Fundació Clínic per a la Recerca Biomèdica, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Meritxell Jodar
- Molecular Biology of Reproduction and Development Research Group, Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Fundació Clínic per a la Recerca Biomèdica, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
- Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics Service, Biomedical Diagnostic Center (CDB), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rafael Oliva
- Molecular Biology of Reproduction and Development Research Group, Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Fundació Clínic per a la Recerca Biomèdica, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
- Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics Service, Biomedical Diagnostic Center (CDB), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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6
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Tai L, Yin G, Huang X, Sun F, Zhu Y. In-cell structural insight into the stability of sperm microtubule doublet. Cell Discov 2023; 9:116. [PMID: 37989994 PMCID: PMC10663601 DOI: 10.1038/s41421-023-00606-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The propulsion for mammalian sperm swimming is generated by flagella beating. Microtubule doublets (DMTs) along with microtubule inner proteins (MIPs) are essential structural blocks of flagella. However, the intricate molecular architecture of intact sperm DMT remains elusive. Here, by in situ cryo-electron tomography, we solved the in-cell structure of mouse sperm DMT at 4.5-7.5 Å resolutions, and built its model with 36 kinds of MIPs in 48 nm periodicity. We identified multiple copies of Tektin5 that reinforce Tektin bundle, and multiple MIPs with different periodicities that anchor the Tektin bundle to tubulin wall. This architecture contributes to a superior stability of A-tubule than B-tubule of DMT, which was revealed by structural comparison of DMTs from the intact and deformed axonemes. Our work provides an overall molecular picture of intact sperm DMT in 48 nm periodicity that is essential to understand the molecular mechanism of sperm motility as well as the related ciliopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linhua Tai
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guoliang Yin
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaojun Huang
- Center for Biological Imaging, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Sun
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- Center for Biological Imaging, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Yun Zhu
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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7
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Chen Z, Shiozaki M, Haas KM, Skinner WM, Zhao S, Guo C, Polacco BJ, Yu Z, Krogan NJ, Lishko PV, Kaake RM, Vale RD, Agard DA. De novo protein identification in mammalian sperm using in situ cryoelectron tomography and AlphaFold2 docking. Cell 2023; 186:5041-5053.e19. [PMID: 37865089 PMCID: PMC10842264 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
To understand the molecular mechanisms of cellular pathways, contemporary workflows typically require multiple techniques to identify proteins, track their localization, and determine their structures in vitro. Here, we combined cellular cryoelectron tomography (cryo-ET) and AlphaFold2 modeling to address these questions and understand how mammalian sperm are built in situ. Our cellular cryo-ET and subtomogram averaging provided 6.0-Å reconstructions of axonemal microtubule structures. The well-resolved tertiary structures allowed us to unbiasedly match sperm-specific densities with 21,615 AlphaFold2-predicted protein models of the mouse proteome. We identified Tektin 5, CCDC105, and SPACA9 as novel microtubule-associated proteins. These proteins form an extensive interaction network crosslinking the lumen of axonemal doublet microtubules, suggesting their roles in modulating the mechanical properties of the filaments. Indeed, Tekt5 -/- sperm possess more deformed flagella with 180° bends. Together, our studies presented a cellular visual proteomics workflow and shed light on the in vivo functions of Tektin 5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Momoko Shiozaki
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA, USA
| | - Kelsey M Haas
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA; Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Will M Skinner
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Shumei Zhao
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA, USA
| | - Caiying Guo
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA, USA
| | - Benjamin J Polacco
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Zhiheng Yu
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA, USA
| | - Nevan J Krogan
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA; Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Polina V Lishko
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Robyn M Kaake
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA; Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ronald D Vale
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA, USA.
| | - David A Agard
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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8
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Li D, Huang S, Chai Y, Zhao R, Gong J, Zhang QC, Ou G, Wen W. A paternal protein facilitates sperm RNA delivery to regulate zygotic development. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2023; 66:2342-2353. [PMID: 37160652 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-022-2332-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Sperm contributes essential paternal factors, including the paternal genome, centrosome, and oocyte-activation signals, to sexual reproduction. However, it remains unresolved how sperm contributes its RNA molecules to regulate early embryonic development. Here, we show that the Caenorhabditis elegans paternal protein SPE-11 assembles into granules during meiotic divisions of spermatogenesis and later matures into a perinuclear structure where sperm RNAs localize. We reconstitute an SPE-11 liquid-phase scaffold in vitro and find that SPE-11 condensates incorporate the nematode RNA, which, in turn, promotes SPE-11 phase separation. Loss of SPE-11 does not affect sperm motility or fertilization but causes pleiotropic development defects in early embryos, and spe-11 mutant males reduce mRNA levels of genes crucial for an oocyte-to-embryo transition or embryonic development. These results reveal that SPE-11 undergoes phase separation and associates with sperm RNAs that are delivered to oocytes during fertilization, providing insights into how a paternal protein regulates early embryonic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Li
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, McGovern Institute for Brain Research, School of Life Sciences and MOE Key Laboratory for Protein Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Shijing Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, National Center for Neurological Disorders, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yongping Chai
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, McGovern Institute for Brain Research, School of Life Sciences and MOE Key Laboratory for Protein Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Ruiqian Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, National Center for Neurological Disorders, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jing Gong
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, McGovern Institute for Brain Research, School of Life Sciences and MOE Key Laboratory for Protein Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Qiangfeng Cliff Zhang
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, McGovern Institute for Brain Research, School of Life Sciences and MOE Key Laboratory for Protein Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Guangshuo Ou
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, McGovern Institute for Brain Research, School of Life Sciences and MOE Key Laboratory for Protein Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
| | - Wenyu Wen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, National Center for Neurological Disorders, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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9
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Erickson T, Biggers WP, Williams K, Butland SE, Venuto A. Regionalized Protein Localization Domains in the Zebrafish Hair Cell Kinocilium. J Dev Biol 2023; 11:28. [PMID: 37367482 DOI: 10.3390/jdb11020028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Sensory hair cells are the receptors for auditory, vestibular, and lateral line sensory organs in vertebrates. These cells are distinguished by "hair"-like projections from their apical surface collectively known as the hair bundle. Along with the staircase arrangement of the actin-filled stereocilia, the hair bundle features a single, non-motile, true cilium called the kinocilium. The kinocilium plays an important role in bundle development and the mechanics of sensory detection. To understand more about kinocilial development and structure, we performed a transcriptomic analysis of zebrafish hair cells to identify cilia-associated genes that have yet to be characterized in hair cells. In this study, we focused on three such genes-ankef1a, odf3l2a, and saxo2-because human or mouse orthologs are either associated with sensorineural hearing loss or are located near uncharacterized deafness loci. We made transgenic fish that express fluorescently tagged versions of their proteins, demonstrating their localization to the kinocilia of zebrafish hair cells. Furthermore, we found that Ankef1a, Odf3l2a, and Saxo2 exhibit distinct localization patterns along the length of the kinocilium and within the cell body. Lastly, we have reported a novel overexpression phenotype of Saxo2. Overall, these results suggest that the hair cell kinocilium in zebrafish is regionalized along its proximal-distal axis and set the groundwork to understand more about the roles of these kinocilial proteins in hair cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy Erickson
- Department of Biology, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB E3B 5A3, Canada
| | | | - Kevin Williams
- Department of Biology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27858, USA
| | - Shyanne E Butland
- Department of Biology, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB E3B 5A3, Canada
| | - Alexandra Venuto
- Department of Biology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27858, USA
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10
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Using the Culex pipiens sperm proteome to identify elements essential for mosquito reproduction. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0280013. [PMID: 36795667 PMCID: PMC9934393 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0280013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Mature sperm from Culex pipiens were isolated and analyzed by mass spectrometry to generate a mature sperm proteome dataset. In this study, we highlight subsets of proteins related to flagellar structure and sperm motility and compare the identified protein components to previous studies examining essential functions of sperm. The proteome includes 1700 unique protein IDs, including a number of uncharacterized proteins. Here we discuss those proteins that may contribute to the unusual structure of the Culex sperm flagellum, as well as potential regulators of calcium mobilization and phosphorylation pathways that regulate motility. This database will prove useful for understanding the mechanisms that activate and maintain sperm motility as well as identify potential molecular targets for mosquito population control.
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11
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Otčenášková T, Macíčková E, Vondráková J, Frolíková M, Komrskova K, Stopková R, Stopka P. Proteomic analysis of the mouse sperm acrosome - towards an understanding of an organelle with diverse functionality. Eur J Cell Biol 2023; 102:151296. [PMID: 36805822 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2023.151296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The acrosome located within the mammalian sperm head is essential for successful fertilization, as it enables the sperm to penetrate the extracellular layers of the oocyte and fuse with oolemma. However, the mammalian acrosomal vesicle is no longer considered to contain only hydrolytic enzymes. Using label-free nano-scale liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (nLC-MS/MS) proteomics, we identified a total of 885 proteins in the acrosome isolated from spermatozoa obtained from cauda epididymis of free-living house mice Mus musculus musculus contains a total of 885 proteins. Among these, 334 proteins were significantly enriched in the acrosome thus representing 27.3% of the whole proteome of the intact sperm. Importantly, we have detected a total of nine calycins while eight of them belong to the lipocalin protein family. In mice, lipocalins are involved in multi-level chemical communication between individuals including pheromone transport and odor perception. Using an indirect immunofluorescence assay, we demonstrated that lipocalin 5 (LCN5) is expressed in the mouse germ cells, and after completing spermatogenesis, it remains localized in the sperm acrosome until the last step of the extratesticular maturation, the acrosome reaction. The presence of lipocalins in the acrosome and acrosome-reacted sperm suggests their original role as chelators of organic and potentially toxic compounds resulting from ongoing spermiogenesis. Along with this evidence, detected mitochondrial (e.g., a subunit of the cytochrome c oxidase MTCO1) and proteasomal proteins (subunits of both 20 S core proteasome [PSMA2, PSMBs] and 19 S regulatory particle [PSMDs]) in acrosomes provide further evidence that acrosomes could also function as `waste baskets` after testicular sperm maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tereza Otčenášková
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, BIOCEV, Vestec, Czech Republic.
| | - Eliška Macíčková
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, BIOCEV, Vestec, Czech Republic.
| | - Jana Vondráková
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV, Vestec, Czech Republic.
| | - Michaela Frolíková
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV, Vestec, Czech Republic.
| | - Katerina Komrskova
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, BIOCEV, Vestec, Czech Republic; Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV, Vestec, Czech Republic.
| | - Romana Stopková
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, BIOCEV, Vestec, Czech Republic.
| | - Pavel Stopka
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, BIOCEV, Vestec, Czech Republic.
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12
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Gaitskell-Phillips G, Martín-Cano FE, da Silva-Álvarez E, Tapia JA, Silva A, Gil MC, Ortega-Ferrusola C, Peña FJ. Phosphoproteomics for the identification of new mechanisms of cryodamage: the role of SPATA18 in the control of stallion sperm function†. Biol Reprod 2023; 108:324-337. [PMID: 36468681 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioac211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Although recent research has addressed the impact of cryopreservation on the stallion sperm proteome, studies addressing the stallion sperm phosphoproteome are lacking. In the present study, the data set of proteomes of fresh and cryopreserved spermatozoa were reanalyzed, showing that cryopreservation caused significant changes in the phosphoproteome. The phosphoproteins reduced most significantly by cryopreservation were Ca2+binding tyrosine phosphorylation regulated, protein kinase cAMP-activated catalytic subunit beta (CABYR), mitochondria eating protein (SPATA18), A kinase anchoring protein 4 (AKAP4), A-kinase anchoring protein 3 (AKAP3) and the Family with sequence similarity 71 member B (FAM71B). These proteins belong to the gene ontology (GO) terms sperm fibrous sheath (GO: 0035686), and sperm principal piece (GO: 0097228). The regulatory interactions between kinases and phosphorylation sites on the proteins that were affected most were also investigated, and the potential kinases (based on human orthologs) involved in the regulation of these phosphoproteins identified were: PKCß for SPATA18 and GSK3ß for CABYR. Kinase inhibition assays were also conducted showing that kinases phosphorylating the above-mentioned proteins play an important role in their activity and thus, phosphorylation controls the activity of these proteins and their role in the regulation of the functionality and viability of stallion spermatozoa. In conclusion, the data reported here contribute to the understanding of the fact that the dephosphorylation of certain proteins is a molecular lesion induced by cryopreservation in the stallion spermatozoa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Gaitskell-Phillips
- Laboratory of Equine Reproduction and Equine Spermatology, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Francisco E Martín-Cano
- Laboratory of Equine Reproduction and Equine Spermatology, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Eva da Silva-Álvarez
- Laboratory of Equine Reproduction and Equine Spermatology, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - José A Tapia
- Department of Physiology, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Antonio Silva
- Facility of Innovation and Analysis in Animal Source Foodstuffs, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - María C Gil
- Laboratory of Equine Reproduction and Equine Spermatology, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Cristina Ortega-Ferrusola
- Laboratory of Equine Reproduction and Equine Spermatology, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Fernando J Peña
- Laboratory of Equine Reproduction and Equine Spermatology, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
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13
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Kumaresan A, Sinha MK, Paul N, Nag P, Ebenezer Samuel King JP, Kumar R, Datta TK. Establishment of a repertoire of fertility associated sperm proteins and their differential abundance in buffalo bulls (Bubalus bubalis) with contrasting fertility. Sci Rep 2023; 13:2272. [PMID: 36754964 PMCID: PMC9908891 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-29529-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Sperm harbours a wide range of proteins regulating their functions and fertility. In the present study, we made an effort to characterize and quantify the proteome of buffalo bull spermatozoa, and to identify fertility associated sperm proteins through comparative proteomics. Using high-throughput mass spectrometry platform, we identified 1305 proteins from buffalo spermatozoa and found that these proteins were mostly enriched in glycolytic process, mitochondrial respiratory chain, tricarboxylic acid cycle, protein folding, spermatogenesis, sperm motility and sperm binding to zona pellucida (p < 7.74E-08) besides metabolic (p = 4.42E-31) and reactive oxygen species (p = 1.81E-30) pathways. Differential proteomic analysis revealed that 844 proteins were commonly expressed in spermatozoa from both the groups while 77 and 52 proteins were exclusively expressed in high- and low-fertile bulls, respectively. In low-fertile bulls, 75 proteins were significantly (p < 0.05) upregulated and 176 proteins were significantly (p < 0.05) downregulated; these proteins were highly enriched in mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I assembly (p = 2.63E-07) and flagellated sperm motility (p = 7.02E-05) processes besides oxidative phosphorylation pathway (p = 6.61E-15). The down regulated proteins in low-fertile bulls were involved in sperm motility, metabolism, sperm-egg recognition and fertilization. These variations in the sperm proteome could be used as potential markers for the selection of buffalo bulls for fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arumugam Kumaresan
- Theriogenology Laboratory, Southern Regional Station of ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560030, India.
| | - Manish Kumar Sinha
- Theriogenology Laboratory, Southern Regional Station of ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560030, India
| | - Nilendu Paul
- Theriogenology Laboratory, Southern Regional Station of ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560030, India
| | - Pradeep Nag
- Theriogenology Laboratory, Southern Regional Station of ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560030, India
| | - John Peter Ebenezer Samuel King
- Theriogenology Laboratory, Southern Regional Station of ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560030, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- Animal Genomics Laboratory, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, 132 001, India
| | - Tirtha Kumar Datta
- ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar, Haryana, 125 001, India
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14
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The stallion sperm acrosome: Considerations from a research and clinical perspective. Theriogenology 2023; 196:121-149. [PMID: 36413868 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2022.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
During the fertilization process, the interaction between the sperm and the oocyte is mediated by a process known as acrosomal exocytosis (AE). Although the role of the sperm acrosome on fertilization has been studied extensively over the last 70 years, little is known about the molecular mechanisms that govern acrosomal function, particularly in species other than mice or humans. Even though subfertility due to acrosomal dysfunction is less common in large animals than in humans, the evaluation of sperm acrosomal function should be considered not only as a complementary but a routine test when individuals are selected for breeding potential. This certainly holds true for stallions, which might display lower levels of fertility in the face of "acceptable" sperm quality parameters determined by conventional sperm assays. Nowadays, the use of high throughput technologies such as flow cytometry or mass spectrometry-based proteomic analysis is commonplace in the research arena. Such techniques can also be implemented in clinical scenarios of males with "idiopathic" subfertility. The current review focuses on the sperm acrosome, with particular emphasis on the stallion. We aim to describe the physiological events that lead to the acrosome formation within the testis, the role of very specific acrosomal proteins during AE, the methods to study the occurrence of AE under in vitro conditions, and the potential use of molecular biology techniques to discover new markers of acrosomal function and subfertility associated with acrosomal dysfunction in stallions.
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15
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Zmudzinska A, Wisniewski J, Mlynarz P, Olejnik B, Mogielnicka-Brzozowska M. Age-Dependent Variations in Functional Quality and Proteomic Characteristics of Canine (Canis lupus familiaris) Epididymal Spermatozoa. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23169143. [PMID: 36012418 PMCID: PMC9409041 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased male age is associated with a significant reduction in semen quality. Little is known about the sperm proteome changes resulting from the aging process. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the functional quality and proteome of epididymal spermatozoa of dogs that were differing in age. The study was conducted on 30 male dogs that were divided into three age groups. G1—12 to 41 months old, G2—42 to 77 months old, and G3—78 to 132 months old. The sperm samples were assessed using a computer-assisted semen analysis (CASA). The epididymal sperm proteins were analyzed using gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), nano-liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry (NanoUPLC-Q-TOF/MS) and bioinformatic tools. The sperm quality parameters were significantly lower in older dogs. NanoUPLC-Q-TOF/MS identification resulted in 865 proteins that were found in the G1, 472 in G2, and 435 in G3. There were seven proteins that were present in all three age groups, and four of them (ACTB, CE10, NPC2, CRISP2) showed significant changes among the studied groups. Age-dependent variations were detected in the sperm proteome composition and were related to important metabolite pathways, which might suggest that several proteins are implicated in sperm maturation and could be potential aging biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Zmudzinska
- Department of Animal Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 5, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Jerzy Wisniewski
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Mlynarz
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Beata Olejnik
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, Chalubinskiego 10, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Marzena Mogielnicka-Brzozowska
- Department of Animal Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 5, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-89-524-5259
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16
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Talluri TR, Kumaresan A, Paul N, Sinha MK, Ebenezer Samuel King JP, Elango K, Sharma A, Raval K, Legha RA, Pal Y. High throughput deep proteomic analysis of seminal plasma from stallions with contrasting semen quality. Syst Biol Reprod Med 2022; 68:272-285. [PMID: 35484763 DOI: 10.1080/19396368.2022.2057257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Seminal plasma proteins and pathways associated with sperm motility have not been elucidated in stallions. Therefore, in the current study, using the high throughput LC/MS-MS approach, we profiled stallion seminal plasma proteins and identified the proteins and pathways associated with sperm motility. Seminal plasma from six stallions producing semen with contrasting sperm motility (n = 3 each high-and low-motile group) was utilized for proteomic analysis. We identified a total of 1687 proteins in stallion seminal plasma, of which 1627 and 1496 proteins were expressed in high- (HM) and low- motile (LM) sperm of stallions, respectively. A total number of 1436 proteins were co-expressed in both the groups; 191 (11%) and 60 (3.5%) proteins were exclusively detected in HM and LM groups, respectively. A total of 220 proteins were upregulated (>1-fold change) and 386 proteins were downregulated in SP from LM group stallions as compared to HM group stallions, while 830 proteins were neutrally expressed in both the groups. Gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis revealed dysregulation of the important proteins related to mitochondrial function, acrosome, and sperm cytoskeleton in the seminal plasma of stallions producing ejaculates with low sperm motility. High abundance of peroxiredoxins and low abundance of seminal Chaperonin Containing TCP1 Complex (CCT) complex and Annexins indicate dysregulated oxidative metabolism, which might be the underlying etiology for poor sperm motility in LM group stallions. In conclusion, the current study identified the seminal plasma proteomic alterations associated with poor sperm motility in stallions; the results indicate that poor sperm motility in stallions could be associated with altered expression of seminal plasma proteins involved in oxidative metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thirumala Rao Talluri
- Theriogenology Laboratory, Southern Regional Station of ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Bengaluru, India.,ICAR-National Research Centre on Equines, Hisar, India
| | - Arumugam Kumaresan
- Theriogenology Laboratory, Southern Regional Station of ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Bengaluru, India
| | - Nilendu Paul
- Theriogenology Laboratory, Southern Regional Station of ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Bengaluru, India
| | - Manish Kumar Sinha
- Theriogenology Laboratory, Southern Regional Station of ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Bengaluru, India
| | | | - Kamaraj Elango
- Theriogenology Laboratory, Southern Regional Station of ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Bengaluru, India
| | - Ankur Sharma
- Theriogenology Laboratory, Southern Regional Station of ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Bengaluru, India
| | - Kathan Raval
- Theriogenology Laboratory, Southern Regional Station of ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Bengaluru, India
| | | | - Yash Pal
- ICAR-National Research Centre on Equines, Hisar, India
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17
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Barrachina F, Battistone MA, Castillo J, Mallofré C, Jodar M, Breton S, Oliva R. Sperm acquire epididymis-derived proteins through epididymosomes. Hum Reprod 2022; 37:651-668. [PMID: 35137089 PMCID: PMC8971652 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deac015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Are epididymosomes implicated in protein transfer from the epididymis to spermatozoa? SUMMARY ANSWER We characterized the contribution of epididymal secretions to the sperm proteome and demonstrated that sperm acquire epididymal proteins through epididymosomes. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Testicular sperm are immature cells unable to fertilize an oocyte. After leaving the testis, sperm transit along the epididymis to acquire motility and fertilizing abilities. It is well known that marked changes in the sperm proteome profile occur during epididymal maturation. Since the sperm is a transcriptional and translational inert cell, previous studies have shown that sperm incorporate proteins, RNA and lipids from extracellular vesicles (EVs), released by epithelial cells lining the male reproductive tract. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION We examined the contribution of the epididymis to the post-testicular maturation of spermatozoa, via the production of EVs named epididymosomes, released by epididymal epithelial cells. An integrative analysis using both human and mouse data was performed to identify sperm proteins with a potential epididymis-derived origin. Testes and epididymides from adult humans (n = 9) and adult mice (n = 3) were used to experimentally validate the tissue localization of four selected proteins using high-resolution confocal microscopy. Mouse epididymal sperm were co-incubated with carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester (CFSE)-labeled epididymosomes (n = 4 mice), and visualized using high-resolution confocal microscopy. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Adult (12-week-old) C57BL/CBAF1 wild-type male mice and adult humans were used for validation purposes. Testes and epididymides from both mice and humans were obtained and processed for immunofluorescence. Mouse epididymal sperm and mouse epididymosomes were obtained from the epididymal cauda segment. Fluorescent epididymosomes were obtained after labeling the epididymal vesicles with CFSE dye followed by epididymosome isolation using a density cushion. Immunofluorescence was performed following co-incubation of sperm with epididymosomes in vitro. High-resolution confocal microscopy and 3D image reconstruction were used to visualize protein localization and sperm-epididymosomes interactions. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE Through in silico analysis, we first identified 25 sperm proteins with a putative epididymal origin that were conserved in both human and mouse spermatozoa. From those, the epididymal origin of four sperm proteins (SLC27A2, EDDM3B, KRT19 and WFDC8) was validated by high-resolution confocal microscopy. SLC27A2, EDDM3B, KRT19 and WFDC8 were all detected in epithelial cells lining the human and mouse epididymis, and absent from human and mouse seminiferous tubules. We found region-specific expression patterns of these proteins throughout the mouse epididymides. In addition, while EDDM3B, KRT19 and WFDC8 were detected in both epididymal principal and clear cells (CCs), SLC27A2 was exclusively expressed in CCs. Finally, we showed that CFSE-fluorescently labeled epididymosomes interact with sperm in vitro and about 12-36% of the epididymosomes contain the targeted sperm proteins with an epididymal origin. LARGE SCALE DATA N/A. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION The human and mouse sample size was limited and our results were descriptive. The analyses of epididymal sperm and epididymosomes were solely performed in the mouse model due to the difficulties in obtaining epididymal luminal fluid human samples. Alternatively, human ejaculated sperm and seminal EVs could not be used because ejaculated sperm have already contacted with the fluids secreted by the male accessory sex glands, and seminal EVs contain other EVs in addition to epididymosomes, such as the abundant prostate-derived EVs. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS Our findings indicate that epididymosomes are capable of providing spermatozoa with a new set of epididymis-derived proteins that could modulate the sperm proteome and, subsequently, participate in the post-testicular maturation of sperm cells. Additionally, our data provide further evidence of the novel role of epididymal CCs in epididymosome production. Identifying mechanisms by which sperm mature to acquire their fertilization potential would, ultimately, lead to a better understanding of male reproductive health and may help to identify potential therapeutic strategies to improve male infertility. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (Ministerio de Economía y Competividad; fondos FEDER 'una manera de hacer Europa' PI13/00699 and PI16/00346 to R.O.; and Sara Borrell Postdoctoral Fellowship, Acción Estratégica en Salud, CD17/00109 to J.C.), by National Institutes of Health (grants HD040793 and HD069623 to S.B., grant HD104672-01 to M.A.B.), by the Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sports (Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte para la Formación de Profesorado Universitario, FPU15/02306 to F.B.), by a Lalor Foundation Fellowship (to F.B. and M.A.B.), by the Government of Catalonia (Generalitat de Catalunya, pla estratègic de recerca i innovació en salut, PERIS 2016-2020, SLT002/16/00337 to M.J.), by Fundació Universitària Agustí Pedro i Pons (to F.B.), and by the American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (PROLAB Award from ASBMB/IUBMB/PABMB to F.B.). Confocal microscopy and transmission electron microscopy was performed in the Microscopy Core facility of the Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) Center for Systems Biology/Program in Membrane Biology which receives support from Boston Area Diabetes and Endocrinology Research Center (BADERC) award DK57521 and Center for the Study of Inflammatory Bowel Disease grant DK43351. The Zeiss LSM800 microscope was acquired using an NIH Shared Instrumentation Grant S10-OD-021577-01. The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Barrachina
- Molecular Biology of Reproduction and Development Research Group, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Fundació Clínic per a la Recerca Biomèdica, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Program in Membrane Biology, Nephrology Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - M A Battistone
- Program in Membrane Biology, Nephrology Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - J Castillo
- Molecular Biology of Reproduction and Development Research Group, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Fundació Clínic per a la Recerca Biomèdica, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - C Mallofré
- Department of Pathology, Universitat de Barcelona, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Jodar
- Molecular Biology of Reproduction and Development Research Group, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Fundació Clínic per a la Recerca Biomèdica, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics Service, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - S Breton
- Program in Membrane Biology, Nephrology Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - R Oliva
- Molecular Biology of Reproduction and Development Research Group, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Fundació Clínic per a la Recerca Biomèdica, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics Service, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
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18
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Fuentes-Albero MC, González-Brusi L, Cots P, Luongo C, Abril-Sánchez S, Ros-Santaella JL, Pintus E, Ruiz-Díaz S, Barros-García C, Sánchez-Calabuig MJ, García-Párraga D, Avilés M, Izquierdo Rico MJ, García-Vázquez FA. Protein Identification of Spermatozoa and Seminal Plasma in Bottlenose Dolphin ( Tursiops truncatus). Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:673961. [PMID: 34336830 PMCID: PMC8323341 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.673961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Proteins play an important role in many reproductive functions such as sperm maturation, sperm transit in the female genital tract or sperm-oocyte interaction. However, in general, little information concerning reproductive features is available in the case of aquatic animals. The present study aims to characterize the proteome of both spermatozoa and seminal plasma of bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) as a model organism for cetaceans. Ejaculate samples were obtained from two trained dolphins housed in an aquarium. Spermatozoa and seminal plasma were analyzed by means of proteomic analyses using an LC-MS/MS, and a list with the gene symbols corresponding to each protein was submitted to the DAVID database. Of the 419 proteins identified in spermatozoa and 303 in seminal plasma, 111 proteins were shared by both. Furthermore, 70 proteins were identified as involved in reproductive processes, 39 in spermatozoa, and 31 in seminal plasma. The five most abundant proteins were also identified in these samples: AKAP3, ODF2, TUBB, GSTM3, ROPN1 for spermatozoa and CST11, LTF, ALB, HSP90B1, PIGR for seminal plasma. In conclusion, this study provides the first characterization of the proteome in cetacean sperm and seminal plasma, opening the way to future research into new biomarkers, the analysis of conservation capacity or possible additional applications in the field of assisted reproductive technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mari-Carmen Fuentes-Albero
- Department of Biology, Avanqua-Oceanogràfic S.L, Valencia, Spain.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Leopoldo González-Brusi
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Paula Cots
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Chiara Luongo
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Silvia Abril-Sánchez
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - José Luis Ros-Santaella
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czechia
| | - Eliana Pintus
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czechia
| | - Sara Ruiz-Díaz
- Department of Animal Reproduction, National Agricultural and Food Research and Technology Institute (INIA), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - María-Jesús Sánchez-Calabuig
- Department of Animal Reproduction, National Agricultural and Food Research and Technology Institute (INIA), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel García-Párraga
- Department of Biology, Avanqua-Oceanogràfic S.L, Valencia, Spain.,Research Department, Fundación Oceanogràfic, Valencia, Spain
| | - Manuel Avilés
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Mᵃ José Izquierdo Rico
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
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Shan MM, Sun SC. The multiple roles of RAB GTPases in female and male meiosis. Hum Reprod Update 2021; 27:1013-1029. [PMID: 34227671 DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmab019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND RAB GTPases constitute the largest family of small GTPases and are found in all eukaryotes. RAB GTPases regulate components of the endomembrane system, the nucleus and the plasma membrane, and are involved in intracellular actin/tubulin-dependent vesicle movement, membrane fusion and cell growth in mitosis. OBJECTIVE AND RATIONALE RAB GTPases play multiple critical roles during both female and male meiosis. This review summarizes the progress made in our understanding of the role of RAB GTPases in female and male meiosis in different species. We also discuss the potential relationship between RAB GTPases and oocyte/sperm quality, which may help in understanding the mechanisms underlying oogenesis and spermatogenesis and potential genetic causes of infertility. SEARCH METHODS The PubMed database was searched for articles published between 1991 and 2020 using the following terms: 'RAB', 'RAB oocyte', 'RAB sperm' and 'RAB meiosis'. OUTCOMES An analysis of 126 relevant articles indicated that RAB GTPases are present in all eukaryotes, and ten subfamilies (almost 70 members) are expressed in human cells. The roles of 25 RAB proteins and orthologues in female meiosis and 12 in male meiosis have been reported. RAB proteins are essential for the accurate continuity of genetic material, successful fertilization and the normal growth of offspring. Distinct and crucial functions of RAB GTPases in meiosis have been reported. In oocytes, RAB GTPases are involved in spindle organization, kinetochore-microtubule attachment, chromosome alignment, actin filament-mediated spindle migration, cytokinesis, cell cycle and oocyte-embryo transition. RAB GTPases function in mitochondrial processes and Golgi-mediated vesicular transport during female meiosis, and are critical for cortical granule transport during fertilization and oocyte-embryo transition. In sperm, RAB GTPases are vital for cytoskeletal organization and successful cytokinesis, and are associated with Golgi-mediated acrosome formation, membrane trafficking and morphological changes of sperm cells, as well as the exocytosis-related acrosome reaction and zona reaction during fertilization. WIDER IMPLICATIONS Abnormal expression of RAB GTPases disrupts intracellular systems, which may induce diverse diseases. The roles of RAB proteins in female and male reproductive systems, thus, need to be considered. The mechanisms underlying the function of RAB GTPases and the binding specificity of their effectors during oogenesis, spermatogenesis and fertilization remain to be studied. This review should contribute to our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of oogenesis and spermatogenesis and potential genetic causes of infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Meng Shan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shao-Chen Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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20
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Mouse and Fly Sperm Motility Changes Differently under Modelling Microgravity. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2021; 43:590-604. [PMID: 34287235 PMCID: PMC8929020 DOI: 10.3390/cimb43020043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Sperm motility is essential for the natural fertilization process in most animal species. Despite the fact that evolution took place under conditions of constant gravity, the motility of spermatozoa of insects and mammals under microgravity conditions changes in different ways. In this work, an attempt was made to explain this effect. The sperm motility of the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster and the mouse was evaluated after exposure to a random positioning machine for 6 h. Sodium fluoride was used to inhibit serine/threonine phosphatases, sodium orthovanadate was used to inhibit tyrosine phosphatases, and 6-(dimethylamino)purine was used to inhibit protein kinases. The results obtained indicate that simulated microgravity leads to an increase in the speed of movement of fly spermatozoa by 30% (p < 0.05), and this effect is blocked by sodium fluoride. In contrast, a 29% (p < 0.05) decrease in the speed of movement of mouse spermatozoa under simulated microgravity is prevented by 6-(dimethylamino)purine. Moreover, after 6 h of exposure, the content of tubulin cytoskeleton and actin proteins remains at the control level in the spermatozoa of flies and mice. However, the content of the actin-binding protein alpha-actinin in fly sperm decreases by 29% (p < 0.05), while in mouse sperm, the relative content of alpha-actinin1 increases by 94% (p < 0.05) and alpha-actinin4 by 121% (p < 0.05) relative to the control, as determined by 6 simulated microgravity tests. It can be assumed that the effect of simulated microgravity on the motility of mammalian spermatozoa is mediated through the regulation of phosphorylation and that of insects through the regulation of dephosphorylation of motor proteins; moreover, the development of a response to changes in external mechanical conditions has a different time scale.
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Eisa A, Dey S, Ignatious A, Nofal W, Hess RA, Kurokawa M, Kline D, Vijayaraghavan S. The protein YWHAE (14-3-3 epsilon) in spermatozoa is essential for male fertility. Andrology 2021; 9:312-328. [PMID: 32657535 PMCID: PMC8356477 DOI: 10.1111/andr.12865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spermatogenesis is a complex biological process highlighted by synthesis and activation of proteins that regulate meiosis and cellular differentiation occur during spermatogenesis. 14-3-3 proteins are adaptor proteins that play critical roles in kinase signaling, especially for regulation of cell cycle and apoptosis in eukaryotic cells. There are seven isoforms of the 14-3-3 family proteins encoded by seven genes (β, ε, γ, η, θ/τ, ζ and σ). 14-3-3 isoforms have been shown to have many interacting partners in several tissues including testis. OBJECTIVE While it is known that 14-3-3 proteins are expressed in the functions of testis and spermatozoon, the role for each of the seven isoforms is not known. In this study, we investigated the roles of 14-3-3η and 14-3-3ε isoforms in spermatogenesis. MATERIALS AND METHODS To study the in vivo function of 14-3-3η and 14-3-3ε in spermatogenesis, we generated testis-specific and global knockout mice for each of 14-3-3η and 14-3-3ε isoforms (CKO and GKO, respectively). Computer-assisted semen analysis was used to assess sperm motility, while immunohistochemical studies were conducted to check spermatogenesis. RESULTS Although both 14-3-3η and 14-3-3ε isoforms were present in mouse testis, only the expression of 14-3-3ε, but not 14-3-3η, was detected in spermatozoa. Mice lacking 14-3-3η were normal and fertile while 14-3-3ε CKO and GKO males showed infertility. Low sperm count with higher abnormal spermatozoa was seen in 14-3-3ε CKO mice. The motility of 14-3-3ε knockout spermatozoa was lower than that of the control. A reduction in the phosphorylation of both glycogen synthase kinase 3 and PP1γ2 was also seen in spermatozoa from 14-3-3ε CKO mice, suggesting a specific role of 14-3-3ε in spermatogenesis, sperm motility, and fertility. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION This is the first demonstration that of the seven 14-3-3 isoforms, 14-3-3ε is essential for normal sperm function and male fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa Eisa
- Department of Medical Laboratories Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Madina, Saudi Arabia
| | - Souvik Dey
- Biology Department, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA
| | - Alex Ignatious
- Biology Department, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA
| | - Wesam Nofal
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA
| | - Rex A. Hess
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, University Of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
| | | | - Douglas Kline
- Biology Department, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA
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Molaro A, Wood AJ, Janssens D, Kindelay SM, Eickbush MT, Wu S, Singh P, Muller CH, Henikoff S, Malik HS. Biparental contributions of the H2A.B histone variant control embryonic development in mice. PLoS Biol 2020; 18:e3001001. [PMID: 33362208 PMCID: PMC7757805 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3001001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Histone variants expand chromatin functions in eukaryote genomes. H2A.B genes are testis-expressed short histone H2A variants that arose in placental mammals. Their biological functions remain largely unknown. To investigate their function, we generated a knockout (KO) model that disrupts all 3 H2A.B genes in mice. We show that H2A.B KO males have globally altered chromatin structure in postmeiotic germ cells. Yet, they do not show impaired spermatogenesis or testis function. Instead, we find that H2A.B plays a crucial role postfertilization. Crosses between H2A.B KO males and females yield embryos with lower viability and reduced size. Using a series of genetic crosses that separate parental and zygotic contributions, we show that the H2A.B status of both the father and mother, but not of the zygote, affects embryonic viability and growth during gestation. We conclude that H2A.B is a novel parental-effect gene, establishing a role for short H2A histone variants in mammalian development. We posit that parental antagonism over embryonic growth drove the origin and ongoing diversification of short histone H2A variants in placental mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Molaro
- Division of Basic Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Anna J. Wood
- Division of Basic Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Derek Janssens
- Division of Basic Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Selina M. Kindelay
- Division of Basic Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Michael T. Eickbush
- Division of Basic Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Steven Wu
- Division of Basic Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Priti Singh
- Comparative Medicine, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Charles H. Muller
- Male Fertility Laboratory, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Steven Henikoff
- Division of Basic Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Harmit S. Malik
- Division of Basic Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
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23
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Schneider S, Shakeri F, Trötschel C, Arévalo L, Kruse A, Buness A, Poetsch A, Steger K, Schorle H. Protamine-2 Deficiency Initiates a Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)-Mediated Destruction Cascade during Epididymal Sperm Maturation in Mice. Cells 2020; 9:E1789. [PMID: 32727081 PMCID: PMC7463811 DOI: 10.3390/cells9081789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Protamines are the safeguards of the paternal sperm genome. They replace most of the histones during spermiogenesis, resulting in DNA hypercondensation, thereby protecting its genome from environmental noxa. Impaired protamination has been linked to male infertility in mice and humans in many studies. Apart from impaired DNA integrity, protamine-deficient human and murine sperm show multiple secondary effects, including decreased motility and aberrant head morphology. In this study, we use a Protamine-2 (Prm2)-deficient mouse model in combination with label-free quantitative proteomics to decipher the underlying molecular processes of these effects. We show that loss of the sperm's antioxidant capacity, indicated by downregulation of key proteins like Superoxide dismutase type 1 (SOD1) and Peroxiredoxin 5 (PRDX5), ultimately initiates an oxidative stress-mediated destruction cascade during epididymal sperm maturation. This is confirmed by an increased level of 8-OHdG in epididymal sperm, a biomarker for oxidative stress-mediated DNA damage. Prm2-deficient testicular sperm are not affected and initiate the proper development of blastocyst stage preimplantation embryos in vitro upon intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) into oocytes. Our results provide new insight into the role of Prm2 and its downstream molecular effects on sperm function and present an important contribution to the investigation of new treatment regimens for infertile men with impaired protamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Schneider
- Department of Developmental Pathology, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (S.S.); (L.A.)
| | - Farhad Shakeri
- Institute for Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (F.S.); (A.B.)
- Institute for Genomic Statistics and Bioinformatics, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Christian Trötschel
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Ruhr-University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany; (C.T.); (A.P.)
| | - Lena Arévalo
- Department of Developmental Pathology, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (S.S.); (L.A.)
| | - Alexander Kruse
- Department of Urology, Pediatric Urology and Andrology, Section Molecular Andrology, Biomedical Research Center of the Justus-Liebig University Gießen, 35392 Gießen, Germany; (A.K.); (K.S.)
| | - Andreas Buness
- Institute for Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (F.S.); (A.B.)
- Institute for Genomic Statistics and Bioinformatics, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Ansgar Poetsch
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Ruhr-University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany; (C.T.); (A.P.)
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Klaus Steger
- Department of Urology, Pediatric Urology and Andrology, Section Molecular Andrology, Biomedical Research Center of the Justus-Liebig University Gießen, 35392 Gießen, Germany; (A.K.); (K.S.)
| | - Hubert Schorle
- Department of Developmental Pathology, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (S.S.); (L.A.)
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24
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Leahy T, Rickard JP, Bernecic NC, Druart X, de Graaf SP. Ram seminal plasma and its functional proteomic assessment. Reproduction 2020; 157:R243-R256. [PMID: 30844754 DOI: 10.1530/rep-18-0627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Ejaculation results in the confluence of epididymal spermatozoa with secretions of the accessory sex glands. This interaction is not a prerequisite for fertilisation success, but seminal factors do play a crucial role in prolonging the survival of spermatozoa both in vitro and in vivo by affording protection from handling induced stress and some selective mechanisms of the female reproductive tract. Reproductive biologists have long sought to identify specific factors in seminal plasma that influence sperm function and fertility in these contexts. Many seminal plasma proteins have been identified as diagnostic predictors of sperm function and have been isolated and applied in vitro to prevent sperm damage associated with the application of artificial reproductive technologies. Proteomic assessment of the spermatozoon, and its surroundings, has provided considerable advances towards these goals and allowed for greater understanding of their physiological function. In this review, the importance of seminal plasma will be examined through a proteomic lens to provide comprehensive analysis of the ram seminal proteome and detail the use of proteomic studies that correlate seminal plasma proteins with ram sperm function and preservation ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Leahy
- The University of Sydney, Faculty of Science, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, New South Wales, Australia
| | - J P Rickard
- The University of Sydney, Faculty of Science, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, New South Wales, Australia
| | - N C Bernecic
- The University of Sydney, Faculty of Science, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, New South Wales, Australia
| | - X Druart
- Physiologie de la Reproduction et du Comportement, INRA, CNRS, IFCE, Université de Tours, Nouzilly, France
| | - S P de Graaf
- The University of Sydney, Faculty of Science, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, New South Wales, Australia
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25
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Pitnick S, Wolfner MF, Dorus S. Post-ejaculatory modifications to sperm (PEMS). Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2020; 95:365-392. [PMID: 31737992 PMCID: PMC7643048 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2019] [Revised: 10/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Mammalian sperm must spend a minimum period of time within a female reproductive tract to achieve the capacity to fertilize oocytes. This phenomenon, termed sperm 'capacitation', was discovered nearly seven decades ago and opened a window into the complexities of sperm-female interaction. Capacitation is most commonly used to refer to a specific combination of processes that are believed to be widespread in mammals and includes modifications to the sperm plasma membrane, elevation of intracellular cyclic AMP levels, induction of protein tyrosine phosphorylation, increased intracellular Ca2+ levels, hyperactivation of motility, and, eventually, the acrosome reaction. Capacitation is only one example of post-ejaculatory modifications to sperm (PEMS) that are widespread throughout the animal kingdom. Although PEMS are less well studied in non-mammalian taxa, they likely represent the rule rather than the exception in species with internal fertilization. These PEMS are diverse in form and collectively represent the outcome of selection fashioning complex maturational trajectories of sperm that include multiple, sequential phenotypes that are specialized for stage-specific functionality within the female. In many cases, PEMS are critical for sperm to migrate successfully through the female reproductive tract, survive a protracted period of storage, reach the site of fertilization and/or achieve the capacity to fertilize eggs. We predict that PEMS will exhibit widespread phenotypic plasticity mediated by sperm-female interactions. The successful execution of PEMS thus has important implications for variation in fitness and the operation of post-copulatory sexual selection. Furthermore, it may provide a widespread mechanism of reproductive isolation and the maintenance of species boundaries. Despite their possible ubiquity and importance, the investigation of PEMS has been largely descriptive, lacking any phylogenetic consideration with regard to divergence, and there have been no theoretical or empirical investigations of their evolutionary significance. Here, we (i) clarify PEMS-related nomenclature; (ii) address the evolutionary origin, maintenance and divergence in PEMS in the context of the protracted life history of sperm and the complex, selective environment of the female reproductive tract; (iii) describe taxonomically widespread types of PEMS: sperm activation, chemotaxis and the dissociation of sperm conjugates; (iv) review the occurence of PEMS throughout the animal kingdom; (v) consider alternative hypotheses for the adaptive value of PEMS; (vi) speculate on the evolutionary implications of PEMS for genomic architecture, sexual selection, and reproductive isolation; and (vii) suggest fruitful directions for future functional and evolutionary analyses of PEMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott Pitnick
- Department of Biology, Center for Reproductive Evolution, Syacuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA
| | - Mariana F. Wolfner
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Steve Dorus
- Department of Biology, Center for Reproductive Evolution, Syacuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA
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26
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Li M, Li H, Yang H, Cheng R, Zheng P, Guo R. Comparative proteomic analysis of round and elongated spermatids during spermiogenesis in mice. Biomed Chromatogr 2020; 34:e4799. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 01/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Meining Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyShanxi Medical University Taiyuan Shanxi China
| | - Huahua Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyShanxi Medical University Taiyuan Shanxi China
| | - Hong Yang
- Center of Reproductive MedicineChildren's Hospital of Shanxi and Women Health Center of Shanxi Taiyuan Shanxi China
| | - Rina Cheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyShanxi Medical University Taiyuan Shanxi China
| | - Pengdou Zheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyShanxi Medical University Taiyuan Shanxi China
| | - Rui Guo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyShanxi Medical University Taiyuan Shanxi China
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27
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Proteomic characterization of rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) sperm from two different genotypes. Theriogenology 2019; 128:140-148. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2019.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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28
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Nguyen TMD. Main signaling pathways involved in the control of fowl sperm motility. Poult Sci 2019; 98:1528-1538. [DOI: 10.3382/ps/pey465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
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29
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Pérez-Patiño C, Parrilla I, Li J, Barranco I, Martínez EA, Rodriguez-Martínez H, Roca J. The Proteome of Pig Spermatozoa Is Remodeled During Ejaculation. Mol Cell Proteomics 2019; 18:41-50. [PMID: 30257877 PMCID: PMC6317480 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.ra118.000840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Revised: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteins are essential for sperm function, including their fertilizing capacity. Pig spermatozoa, emitted in well-defined ejaculate fractions, vary in their functionality, which could be related to different sperm protein composition. This study aimed (i) to update the porcine sperm proteome and (ii) to identify proteins differentially expressed in mature spermatozoa from cauda epididymis and those delivered in separate ejaculate fractions. Ejaculates from nine mature and fertile boars were manually collected in three separate portions: the first 10 ml of the sperm-rich ejaculate fraction (SRF), the rest of the SRF and the post-SRF. The contents of cauda epididymides of the boars were collected post-mortem by retrograde duct perfusion, generating four different semen sources for each boar. Following centrifugation, the resulting pellets of each semen source were initially pooled and later split to generate two technical replicates per source. The resulting eight sperm samples (two per semen source) were subjected to iTRAQ-based 2D-LC-MS/MS for protein identification and quantification. A total of 1,723 proteins were identified (974 of Sus scrofa taxonomy) and 1,602 of them were also quantified (960 of Sus scrofa taxonomy). After an ANOVA test, 32 Sus scrofa proteins showed quantitative differences (p < 0.01) among semen sources, which was particularly relevant for sperm functionality in the post-SRF. The present study showed that the proteome of boar spermatozoa is remodeled during ejaculation involving proteins clearly implicated in sperm function. The findings provide valuable groundwork for further studies focused on identifying protein biomarkers of sperm fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Pérez-Patiño
- From the ‡Department of Medicine and Animal Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Murcia, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Parrilla
- From the ‡Department of Medicine and Animal Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Murcia, Spain
| | - Junwei Li
- From the ‡Department of Medicine and Animal Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Murcia, Spain
| | - Isabel Barranco
- From the ‡Department of Medicine and Animal Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Murcia, Spain
| | - Emilio A Martínez
- From the ‡Department of Medicine and Animal Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Murcia, Spain
| | | | - Jordi Roca
- From the ‡Department of Medicine and Animal Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Murcia, Spain;.
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30
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Niu P, Wei Y, Gao Q, Zhang X, Hu Y, Qiu Y, Mu Y, Li K. Male Fertility Potential Molecular Mechanisms Revealed by iTRAQ-Based Quantitative Proteomic Analysis of the Epididymis from Wip1−/− Mice. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 23:54-66. [DOI: 10.1089/omi.2018.0155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pengxia Niu
- Pig Genetic Engineering and Germplasm Innovation, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yinghui Wei
- Pig Genetic Engineering and Germplasm Innovation, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Gao
- Pig Genetic Engineering and Germplasm Innovation, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- Pig Genetic Engineering and Germplasm Innovation, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanqing Hu
- Pig Genetic Engineering and Germplasm Innovation, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yiqing Qiu
- Pig Genetic Engineering and Germplasm Innovation, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yulian Mu
- Pig Genetic Engineering and Germplasm Innovation, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kui Li
- Pig Genetic Engineering and Germplasm Innovation, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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31
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Rowe M, Skerget S, Rosenow MA, Karr TL. Identification and characterization of the zebra finch (Taeniopygia guttata) sperm proteome. J Proteomics 2018; 193:192-204. [PMID: 30366121 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2018.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Spermatozoa exhibit remarkable variability in size, shape, and performance. Our understanding of the molecular basis of this variation, however, is limited, especially in avian taxa. The zebra finch (Taeniopygia guttata) is a model organism in the study of avian sperm biology and sperm competition. Using LC-MS based proteomics, we identify and describe 494 proteins of the zebra finch sperm proteome (ZfSP). Gene ontology and associated bioinformatics analyses revealed a rich repertoire of proteins essential to sperm structure and function, including proteins linked to metabolism and energetics, as well as tubulin binding and microtubule related functions. The ZfSP also contained a number of immunity and defense proteins and proteins linked to sperm motility and sperm-egg interactions. Additionally, while most proteins in the ZfSP appear to be evolutionarily constrained, a small subset of proteins are evolving rapidly. Finally, in a comparison with the sperm proteome of the domestic chicken, we found an enrichment of proteins linked to catalytic activity and cytoskeleton related processes. As the first described passerine sperm proteome, and one of only two characterized avian sperm proteomes, the ZfSP provides a significant step towards a platform for studies of the molecular basis of sperm function and evolution in birds. SIGNIFICANCE: Using highly purified spermatozoa and LC-MS proteomics, we characterise the sperm proteome of the Zebra finch; the main model species for the avian order Passeriformes, the largest and most diverse of the avian clades. As the first described passerine sperm proteome, and one of only two reported avian sperm proteomes, these results will facilitate studies of sperm biology and mechanisms of fertilisation in passerines, as well as comparative studies of sperm evolution and reproduction across birds and other vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissah Rowe
- Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, Oslo 0562, Norway; Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo 0316, Norway.
| | - Sheri Skerget
- Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | | | - Timothy L Karr
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, AZ, USA.
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32
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Moreira RF, Matos MNC, Alves JG, do Valle RV, Eloy AMX, Pinto TMF, Machado SP, Costa CRR, de Lima JL, Lima JPMS, da Cunha RMS. Diversity of ejaculated sperm proteins in Moxotó bucks ( Capra hircus ) evaluated by multiple extraction methods. Anim Reprod 2018; 15:84-92. [PMID: 33365100 PMCID: PMC7746222 DOI: 10.21451/1984-3143-2017-ar966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to develop protocols for the extraction of sperm proteins from Moxotó
goats (Capra hircus) and to compare the resulting proteomic maps. The
sperm proteins were isolated using an extraction buffer containing 7 M urea and 2 M thiourea,
20 mM DTT, and one of the following detergents: 1% or 4% CHAPS; 1% or 4% SDS; 1% or 4% Triton X-100;
or a combination of CHAPS and SDS. The 1-DE and 2-DE profiles of the isolated proteins revealed
that the various isolation methods were efficient. Qualitative and quantitative differences
in the 1-DE and 2-DE profiles were observed. 2-DE maps indicated that the amount and diversity
of proteins visualized depended on the detergent that was used. Furthermore, this work revealed
that the combination of detergents increased the resolution of some spots and retained the
characteristics of the individual detergents, depending on their concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raulzito Fernandes Moreira
- Departamento de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC), programa de pós-graduação em biotecnologia (PPGB), Sobral, CE, .,Núcleo de Biotecnologia de Sobral (NUBIS), Universidade Estadual Vale do Acaraú (UVA), Sobral, Ceará,
| | - Maria Nágila Carneiro Matos
- Departamento de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC), programa de pós-graduação em biotecnologia (PPGB), Sobral, CE, .,Núcleo de Biotecnologia de Sobral (NUBIS), Universidade Estadual Vale do Acaraú (UVA), Sobral, Ceará,
| | - João Garcia Alves
- Núcleo de Biotecnologia de Sobral (NUBIS), Universidade Estadual Vale do Acaraú (UVA), Sobral, Ceará,
| | - Roberta Vianna do Valle
- Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade Estadual Vale do Acaraú (UVA), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zootecnia (PPGZ), Sobral, CE
| | - Angela Maria Xavier Eloy
- Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade Estadual Vale do Acaraú (UVA), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zootecnia (PPGZ), Sobral, CE.,Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMBRAPA Caprinos e Ovinos), Sobral, CE,
| | - Tatiana Maria Farias Pinto
- Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade Estadual Vale do Acaraú (UVA), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zootecnia (PPGZ), Sobral, CE.,Núcleo de Biotecnologia de Sobral (NUBIS), Universidade Estadual Vale do Acaraú (UVA), Sobral, Ceará,
| | | | | | - José Luiz de Lima
- Laboratório de imunopatologia keizo Asami (LIKA), Departamento de Bioquímica, , ,
| | - João Paulo Matos Santos Lima
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brasil. Endereço: Campus Universitário Lagoa Nova, ,
| | - Rodrigo Maranguape Silva da Cunha
- Departamento de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC), programa de pós-graduação em biotecnologia (PPGB), Sobral, CE, .,Núcleo de Biotecnologia de Sobral (NUBIS), Universidade Estadual Vale do Acaraú (UVA), Sobral, Ceará,
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Barrachina F, Anastasiadi D, Jodar M, Castillo J, Estanyol JM, Piferrer F, Oliva R. Identification of a complex population of chromatin-associated proteins in the European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) sperm. Syst Biol Reprod Med 2018; 64:502-517. [PMID: 29939100 DOI: 10.1080/19396368.2018.1482383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
A very common conception about the function of the spermatozoon is that its unique role is to transmit the paternal genome to the next generation. Most of the sperm genome is known to be condensed in many species by protamines, which are small and extremely positively charged proteins (50-70% arginine) with the functions of streamlining the sperm cell and protecting its DNA. However, more recently, it has been shown in mammals that 2-10% of its mature sperm chromatin is also associated to a complex population of histones and chromatin-associated proteins differentially distributed in the genome. These proteins are transferred to the oocyte upon fertilization and may be involved in the epigenetic marking of the paternal genome. However, little information is so far available on the additional potential sperm chromatin proteins present in other protamine-containing non-mammalian vertebrates detected through high-throughput mass spectrometry. Thus, we started the present work with the goal of characterizing the mature sperm proteome of the European sea bass, with a particular focus on the sperm chromatin, chosen as a representative of non-mammalian vertebrate protamine-containing species. Proteins were isolated by acidic extraction from purified sperm cells and from purified sperm nuclei, digested with trypsin, and subsequently the peptides were separated using liquid chromatography and identified through tandem mass spectrometry. A total of 296 proteins were identified. Of interest, the presence of 94 histones and other chromatin-associated proteins was detected, in addition to the protamines. These results provide phylogenetically strategic information, indicating that the coexistence of histones, additional chromatin proteins, and protamines in sperm is not exclusive of mammals, but is also present in other protamine-containing vertebrates. Thus, it indicates that the epigenetic marking of the sperm chromatin, first demonstrated in mammals, could be more fundamental and conserved than previously thought. Abbreviations: AU-PAGE: acetic acid-urea polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis; CPC: chromosomal passenger complex; DTT: dithiothreitol; EGA: embryonic genome activation; FDR: false discovery rate; GO: Gene Ontology; IAA: iodoacetamide; LC: liquid chromatography; LC-MS/MS: liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry; MS: mass spectrometry; MS/MS: tandem mass spectrometry; MW: molecular weight; PAGE: polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis; PBS: phosphate buffered saline; SDS: sodium dodecyl sulfate; SDS-PAGE: sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis; TCA: trichloroacetic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferran Barrachina
- a Molecular Biology of Reproduction and Development Group, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences , University of Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain.,b Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics Service , Hospital Clínic , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Dafni Anastasiadi
- c Institut de Ciències del Mar , Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Meritxell Jodar
- a Molecular Biology of Reproduction and Development Group, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences , University of Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain.,b Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics Service , Hospital Clínic , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Judit Castillo
- a Molecular Biology of Reproduction and Development Group, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences , University of Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain.,b Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics Service , Hospital Clínic , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Josep Maria Estanyol
- d Proteomics Unit, Scientific and Technological Centers from the University of Barcelona , University of Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Francesc Piferrer
- c Institut de Ciències del Mar , Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Rafael Oliva
- a Molecular Biology of Reproduction and Development Group, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences , University of Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain.,b Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics Service , Hospital Clínic , Barcelona , Spain
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34
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Molaro A, Young JM, Malik HS. Evolutionary origins and diversification of testis-specific short histone H2A variants in mammals. Genome Res 2018; 28:460-473. [PMID: 29549088 PMCID: PMC5880237 DOI: 10.1101/gr.229799.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Eukaryotic genomes must accomplish both compact packaging for genome stability and inheritance, as well as accessibility for gene expression. They do so using post-translational modifications of four ancient canonical histone proteins (H2A, H2B, H3, and H4) and by deploying histone variants with specialized chromatin functions. Some histone variants are conserved across all eukaryotes, whereas others are lineage-specific. Here, we performed detailed phylogenomic analyses of “short H2A histone” variants found in mammalian genomes. We discovered a previously undescribed typically-sized H2A variant in monotremes and marsupials, H2A.R, which may represent the common ancestor of the short H2As. We also discovered a novel class of short H2A histone variants in eutherian mammals, H2A.Q. We show that short H2A variants arose on the X Chromosome in the common ancestor of all eutherian mammals and diverged into four evolutionarily distinct clades: H2A.B, H2A.L, H2A.P, and H2A.Q. However, the repertoires of short histone H2A variants vary extensively among eutherian mammals due to lineage-specific gains and losses. Finally, we show that all four short H2As are subject to accelerated rates of protein evolution relative to both canonical and other variant H2A proteins including H2A.R. Our analyses reveal that short H2As are a unique class of testis-restricted histone variants displaying an unprecedented evolutionary dynamism. Based on their X-Chromosomal localization, genetic turnover, and testis-specific expression, we hypothesize that short H2A variants may participate in genetic conflicts involving sex chromosomes during reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Molaro
- Division of Basic Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA
| | - Janet M Young
- Division of Basic Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA
| | - Harmit S Malik
- Division of Basic Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA
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35
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Feugang JM, Liao SF, Willard ST, Ryan PL. In-depth proteomic analysis of boar spermatozoa through shotgun and gel-based methods. BMC Genomics 2018; 19:62. [PMID: 29347914 PMCID: PMC5774113 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-018-4442-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Mature spermatozoa contain numerous epididymal and seminal plasma proteins, which full identification through high-throughput technologies may allow for a better understanding of the sperm biology. Therefore, we conducted a global proteomic analysis of boar spermatozoa through shotgun and gel-based methodologies. Results The total proteins were extracted from mature spermatozoa and subjecsted to proteome analyses. Functional analyses of gene ontology representations and pathway enrichments were conducted on the shotgun dataset, followed by immunology and gene expression validations. Shotgun and gel-based approaches allowed the detection of 2728 proteins and 2123 spots, respectively. Approximately 38% and 59% of total proteins were respectively fully and partially annotated, and 3% were unknown. Gene ontology analysis indicated high proportions of proteins associated with intracellular and cytoplasm localizations, protein and nucleic acid binding, hydrolase and transferase activities, and cellular, metabolic, and regulation of biological processes. Proteins associated with phosphorylation processes and mitochondrial membranes, nucleic acid binding, and phosphate and phosphorous metabolics represented 77% of the dataset. Pathways associated with oxidative phosphorylation, citrate cycle, and extra-cellular matrix-receptor interaction were significantly enriched. Protein complex, intracellular organelle, cytoskeletal parts, fertilization and reproduction, and gap junction pathway were significantly enriched within the top 116 highly abundant proteins. Nine randomly selected protein candidates were confirmed with gel-based identification, immunofluorescence detection, and mRNA expression. Conclusions This study offers an in-depth proteomic mapping of mature boar spermatozoa that will enable comparative and discovery research for the improvement of male fertility. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12864-018-4442-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean M Feugang
- Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, 39762, USA.
| | - Shengfa F Liao
- Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, 39762, USA
| | - Scott T Willard
- Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, 39762, USA.,Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, 39762, USA
| | - Peter L Ryan
- Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, 39762, USA.,Department of Pathobiology and Population Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, 39762, USA
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36
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Vicens A, Borziak K, Karr TL, Roldan ERS, Dorus S. Comparative Sperm Proteomics in Mouse Species with Divergent Mating Systems. Mol Biol Evol 2017; 34:1403-1416. [PMID: 28333336 PMCID: PMC5435083 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msx084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sexual selection is the pervasive force underlying the dramatic divergence of sperm form and function. Although it has been demonstrated that testis gene expression evolves rapidly, exploration of the proteomic basis of sperm diversity is in its infancy. We have employed a whole-cell proteomics approach to characterize sperm divergence among closely related Mus species that experience different sperm competition regimes and exhibit pronounced variation in sperm energetics, motility and fertilization capacity. Interspecific comparisons revealed significant abundance differences amongst proteins involved in fertilization capacity, including those that govern sperm-zona pellucida interactions, axoneme components and metabolic proteins. Ancestral reconstruction of relative testis size suggests that the reduction of zona pellucida binding proteins and heavy-chain dyneins was associated with a relaxation in sperm competition in the M. musculus lineage. Additionally, the decreased reliance on ATP derived from glycolysis in high sperm competition species was reflected in abundance decreases in glycolytic proteins of the principle piece in M. spretus and M. spicilegus. Comparison of protein abundance and stage-specific testis expression revealed a significant correlation during spermatid development when dynamic morphological changes occur. Proteins underlying sperm diversification were also more likely to be subject to translational repression, suggesting that sperm composition is influenced by the evolution of translation control mechanisms. The identification of functionally coherent classes of proteins relating to sperm competition highlights the utility of evolutionary proteomic analyses and reveals that both intensified and relaxed sperm competition can have a pronounced impact on the molecular composition of the male gamete.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Vicens
- Reproductive Biology and Evolution Group, Department of Biodiversity and Biological Evolution, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Kirill Borziak
- Department of Biology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY
| | - Timothy L Karr
- Department of Genomics and Genetic Resources, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Eduardo R S Roldan
- Reproductive Biology and Evolution Group, Department of Biodiversity and Biological Evolution, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Steve Dorus
- Department of Biology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY
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37
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Hong J, Dicker BL, Jayasinghe SN, De Gregorio F, Tian H, Han DY, Hudson KR. Strong inhibition of neutrophil–sperm interaction in cattle by selective phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitors†. Biol Reprod 2017; 97:671-687. [DOI: 10.1093/biolre/iox121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
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38
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Rahman MS, Kwon WS, Pang MG. Prediction of male fertility using capacitation-associated proteins in spermatozoa. Mol Reprod Dev 2017; 84:749-759. [DOI: 10.1002/mrd.22810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Md Saidur Rahman
- Department of Animal Science and Technology; Chung-Ang University; Anseong Republic of Korea
| | - Woo-Sung Kwon
- Department of Animal Science and Technology; Chung-Ang University; Anseong Republic of Korea
| | - Myung-Geol Pang
- Department of Animal Science and Technology; Chung-Ang University; Anseong Republic of Korea
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39
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Cui Z, Sharma R, Agarwal A. Proteomic analysis of mature and immature ejaculated spermatozoa from fertile men. Asian J Androl 2017; 18:735-46. [PMID: 26510506 PMCID: PMC5000797 DOI: 10.4103/1008-682x.164924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysfunctional spermatozoa maturation is the main reason for the decrease in sperm motility and morphology in infertile men. Ejaculated spermatozoa from healthy fertile men were separated into four fractions using three-layer density gradient. Proteins were extracted and bands were digested on a LTQ-Orbitrap Elite hybrid mass spectrometer system. Functional annotations of proteins were obtained using bioinformatics tools and pathway databases. Western blotting was performed to verify the expression levels of the proteins of interest. 1469 proteins were identified in four fractions of spermatozoa. The number of detected proteins decreased according to the maturation level of spermatozoa. During spermatozoa maturation, proteins involved in gamete generation, cell motility, energy metabolism and oxidative phosphorylation processes showed increasing expression levels and those involved in protein biosynthesis, protein transport, protein ubiquitination, and response to oxidative stress processes showed decreasing expression levels. We validated four proteins (HSP 70 1A, clusterin, tektin 2 and tektin 3) by Western blotting. The study shows protein markers that may provide insight into the ejaculated spermatozoa proteins in different stages of sperm maturation that may be altered or modified in infertile men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihong Cui
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; Institute of Toxicology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, PR China,
| | - Rakesh Sharma
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Ashok Agarwal
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
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40
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Rego JPA, Martins JM, Wolf CA, van Tilburg M, Moreno F, Monteiro-Moreira AC, Moreira RA, Santos DO, Moura AA. Proteomic analysis of seminal plasma and sperm cells and their associations with semen freezability in Guzerat bulls1. J Anim Sci 2016; 94:5308-5320. [DOI: 10.2527/jas.2016-0811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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41
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Pini T, Leahy T, Soleilhavoup C, Tsikis G, Labas V, Combes-Soia L, Harichaux G, Rickard JP, Druart X, de Graaf SP. Proteomic Investigation of Ram Spermatozoa and the Proteins Conferred by Seminal Plasma. J Proteome Res 2016; 15:3700-3711. [PMID: 27636150 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.6b00530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Sperm proteomes have emerged for several species; however, the extent of species similarity is unknown. Sheep are an important agricultural species for which a comprehensive sperm proteome has not been produced. In addition, potential proteomic factors from seminal plasma that may contribute to improved fertility after cervical insemination are yet to be explored. Here we use liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry to investigate the proteome of ejaculated ram spermatozoa, with quantitative comparison to epididymal spermatozoa. We also present a comparison to published proteomes of five other species. We identified 685 proteins in ejaculated ram spermatozoa, with the most abundant proteins involved in metabolic pathways. Only 5% of ram sperm proteins were not detected in other species, which suggest highly conserved structures and pathways. Of the proteins present in both epididymal and ejaculated ram spermatozoa, 7% were more abundant in ejaculated spermatozoa. Only two membrane-bound proteins were detected solely in ejaculated sperm lysates: liver enriched gene 1 (LEG1/C6orf58) and epidermal growth factor-like repeats and discoidin I-like domains 3 (EDIL3). This is the first evidence that despite its relatively complex proteomic composition, seminal plasma exposure leads to few novel proteins binding tightly to the ram sperm plasma membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor Pini
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney , Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Tamara Leahy
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney , Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | | | - Guillaume Tsikis
- PRC, INRA, CNRS, IFCE, Université de Tours , 37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - Valerie Labas
- PRC, INRA, CNRS, IFCE, Université de Tours , 37380 Nouzilly, France
| | | | | | - Jessica P Rickard
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney , Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Xavier Druart
- PRC, INRA, CNRS, IFCE, Université de Tours , 37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - Simon P de Graaf
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney , Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
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42
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Proteomics of reproductive systems: Towards a molecular understanding of postmating, prezygotic reproductive barriers. J Proteomics 2016; 135:26-37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2015.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2015] [Revised: 09/28/2015] [Accepted: 10/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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43
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Cross-species proteomics in analysis of mammalian sperm proteins. J Proteomics 2016; 135:38-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2015.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2015] [Revised: 12/28/2015] [Accepted: 12/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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44
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Quantitative Proteomic Analysis of the Response to Zinc, Magnesium, and Calcium Deficiency in Specific Cell Types of Arabidopsis Roots. Proteomes 2016; 4:proteomes4010001. [PMID: 28248212 PMCID: PMC5217369 DOI: 10.3390/proteomes4010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Revised: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The proteome profiles of specific cell types have recently been investigated using techniques such as fluorescence activated cell sorting and laser capture microdissection. However, quantitative proteomic analysis of specific cell types has not yet been performed. In this study, to investigate the response of the proteome to zinc, magnesium, and calcium deficiency in specific cell types of Arabidopsis thaliana roots, we performed isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ)-based quantitative proteomics using GFP-expressing protoplasts collected by fluorescence-activated cell sorting. Protoplasts were collected from the pGL2-GFPer and pMGP-GFPer marker lines for epidermis or inner cell lines (pericycle, endodermis, and cortex), respectively. To increase the number of proteins identified, iTRAQ-labeled peptides were separated into 24 fractions by OFFGFEL electrophoresis prior to high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry analysis. Overall, 1039 and 737 proteins were identified and quantified in the epidermal and inner cell lines, respectively. Interestingly, the expression of many proteins was decreased in the epidermis by mineral deficiency, although a weaker effect was observed in inner cell lines such as the pericycle, endodermis, and cortex. Here, we report for the first time the quantitative proteomics of specific cell types in Arabidopsis roots.
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45
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Skerget S, Rosenow MA, Petritis K, Karr TL. Sperm Proteome Maturation in the Mouse Epididymis. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0140650. [PMID: 26556802 PMCID: PMC4640836 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0140650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 09/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In mammals, transit through the epididymis, which involves the acquisition, loss and modification of proteins, is required to confer motility and fertilization competency to sperm. The overall dynamics of maturation is poorly understood, and a systems level understanding of the complex maturation process will provide valuable new information about changes occurring during epididymal transport. We report the proteomes of sperm collected from the caput, corpus and cauda segments of the mouse epididymis, identifying 1536, 1720 and 1234 proteins respectively. This study identified 765 proteins that are present in sperm obtained from all three segments. We identified 1766 proteins that are potentially added (732) or removed (1034) from sperm during epididymal transit. Phenotypic analyses of the caput, corpus and cauda sperm proteomes identified 60 proteins that have known sperm phenotypes when mutated, or absent from sperm. Our analysis indicates that as much as one-third of proteins with known sperm phenotypes are added to sperm during epididymal transit. GO analyses revealed that cauda sperm are enriched for specific functions including sperm-egg recognition and motility, consistent with the observation that sperm acquire motility and fertilization competency during transit through the epididymis. In addition, GO analyses revealed that the immunity protein profile of sperm changes during sperm maturation. Finally, we identified components of the 26S proteasome, the immunoproteasome, and a proteasome activator in mature sperm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheri Skerget
- Center for Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Matthew A Rosenow
- Center for Proteomics, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Konstantinos Petritis
- Center for Proteomics, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Timothy L Karr
- Center for Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, United States of America
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46
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Prenatal Exposure to DEHP Affects Spermatogenesis and Sperm DNA Methylation in a Strain-Dependent Manner. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0132136. [PMID: 26244509 PMCID: PMC4526524 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0132136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 06/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Di-(2-ethylhexyl)phtalate (DEHP) is a plasticizer with endocrine disrupting properties found ubiquitously in the environment and altering reproduction in rodents. Here we investigated the impact of prenatal exposure to DEHP on spermatogenesis and DNA sperm methylation in two distinct, selected, and sequenced mice strains. FVB/N and C57BL/6J mice were orally exposed to 300 mg/kg/day of DEHP from gestation day 9 to 19. Prenatal DEHP exposure significantly decreased spermatogenesis in C57BL/6J (fold-change = 0.6, p-value = 8.7*10-4), but not in FVB/N (fold-change = 1, p-value = 0.9). The number of differentially methylated regions (DMRs) by DEHP-exposure across the entire genome showed increased hyper- and decreased hypo-methylation in C57BL/6J compared to FVB/N. At the promoter level, three important subsets of genes were massively affected. Promoters of vomeronasal and olfactory receptors coding genes globally followed the same trend, more pronounced in the C57BL/6J strain, of being hyper-methylated in DEHP related conditions. In contrast, a large set of micro-RNAs were hypo-methylated, with a trend more pronounced in the FVB/N strain. We additionally analyze both the presence of functional genetic variations within genes that were associated with the detected DMRs and that could be involved in spermatogenesis, and DMRs related with the DEHP exposure that affected both strains in an opposite manner. The major finding in this study indicates that prenatal exposure to DEHP can decrease spermatogenesis in a strain-dependent manner and affects sperm DNA methylation in promoters of large sets of genes putatively involved in both sperm chemotaxis and post-transcriptional regulatory mechanisms.
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47
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Jumeau F, Com E, Lane L, Duek P, Lagarrigue M, Lavigne R, Guillot L, Rondel K, Gateau A, Melaine N, Guével B, Sergeant N, Mitchell V, Pineau C. Human Spermatozoa as a Model for Detecting Missing Proteins in the Context of the Chromosome-Centric Human Proteome Project. J Proteome Res 2015; 14:3606-20. [PMID: 26168773 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.5b00170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The Chromosome-Centric Human Proteome Project (C-HPP) aims at cataloguing the proteins as gene products encoded by the human genome in a chromosome-centric manner. The existence of products of about 82% of the genes has been confirmed at the protein level. However, the number of so-called "missing proteins" remains significant. It was recently suggested that the expression of proteins that have been systematically missed might be restricted to particular organs or cell types, for example, the testis. Testicular function, and spermatogenesis in particular, is conditioned by the successive activation or repression of thousands of genes and proteins including numerous germ cell- and testis-specific products. Both the testis and postmeiotic germ cells are thus promising sites at which to search for missing proteins, and ejaculated spermatozoa are a potential source of proteins whose expression is restricted to the germ cell lineage. A trans-chromosome-based data analysis was performed to catalog missing proteins in total protein extracts from isolated human spermatozoa. We have identified and manually validated peptide matches to 89 missing proteins in human spermatozoa. In addition, we carefully validated three proteins that were scored as uncertain in the latest neXtProt release (09.19.2014). A focus was then given to the 12 missing proteins encoded on chromosomes 2 and 14, some of which may putatively play roles in ciliation and flagellum mechanistics. The expression pattern of C2orf57 and TEX37 was confirmed in the adult testis by immunohistochemistry. On the basis of transcript expression during human spermatogenesis, we further consider the potential for discovering additional missing proteins in the testicular postmeiotic germ cell lineage and in ejaculated spermatozoa. This project was conducted as part of the C-HPP initiatives on chromosomes 14 (France) and 2 (Switzerland). The mass spectrometry proteomics data have been deposited with the ProteomeXchange Consortium under the data set identifier PXD002367.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanny Jumeau
- EA 4308-Department of Reproductive Biology-Spermiology-CECOS, CHRU-Lille , 59037, Lille cedex, France.,Inserm UMRS 1172, Centre Jean Pierre Aubert, IMPRT, University Lille Nord de France , 59045 Lille Cedex, France
| | - Emmanuelle Com
- Inserm U1085, Irset , Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, 35042, France.,Protim, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, 35042, France
| | - Lydie Lane
- Department of Human Protein Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva , 1, rue Michel-Servet, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland.,SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 1, rue Michel-Servet, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Paula Duek
- SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 1, rue Michel-Servet, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Mélanie Lagarrigue
- Inserm U1085, Irset , Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, 35042, France.,Protim, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, 35042, France
| | - Régis Lavigne
- Inserm U1085, Irset , Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, 35042, France.,Protim, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, 35042, France
| | - Laëtitia Guillot
- Inserm U1085, Irset , Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, 35042, France.,Protim, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, 35042, France
| | - Karine Rondel
- Inserm U1085, Irset , Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, 35042, France.,Protim, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, 35042, France
| | - Alain Gateau
- SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 1, rue Michel-Servet, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Nathalie Melaine
- Inserm U1085, Irset , Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, 35042, France.,Protim, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, 35042, France
| | - Blandine Guével
- Inserm U1085, Irset , Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, 35042, France.,Protim, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, 35042, France
| | - Nicolas Sergeant
- Inserm UMRS 1172, Centre Jean Pierre Aubert, IMPRT, University Lille Nord de France , 59045 Lille Cedex, France
| | - Valérie Mitchell
- EA 4308-Department of Reproductive Biology-Spermiology-CECOS, CHRU-Lille , 59037, Lille cedex, France
| | - Charles Pineau
- Inserm U1085, Irset , Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, 35042, France.,Protim, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, 35042, France
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Bromfield E, Aitken RJ, Nixon B. Novel characterization of the HSPA2-stabilizing protein BAG6 in human spermatozoa. Mol Hum Reprod 2015; 21:755-69. [DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gav041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2015] [Accepted: 07/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Whittington E, Zhao Q, Borziak K, Walters JR, Dorus S. Characterisation of the Manduca sexta sperm proteome: Genetic novelty underlying sperm composition in Lepidoptera. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2015; 62:183-193. [PMID: 25731083 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2015.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2014] [Revised: 02/13/2015] [Accepted: 02/18/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The application of mass spectrometry based proteomics to sperm biology has greatly accelerated progress in understanding the molecular composition and function of spermatozoa. To date, these approaches have been largely restricted to model organisms, all of which produce a single sperm morph capable of oocyte fertilisation. Here we apply high-throughput mass spectrometry proteomic analysis to characterise sperm composition in Manduca sexta, the tobacco hornworm moth, which produce heteromorphic sperm, including one fertilisation competent (eupyrene) and one incompetent (apyrene) sperm type. This resulted in the high confidence identification of 896 proteins from a co-mixed sample of both sperm types, of which 167 are encoded by genes with strict one-to-one orthology in Drosophila melanogaster. Importantly, over half (55.1%) of these orthologous proteins have previously been identified in the D. melanogaster sperm proteome and exhibit significant conservation in quantitative protein abundance in sperm between the two species. Despite the complex nature of gene expression across spermatogenic stages, a significant correlation was also observed between sperm protein abundance and testis gene expression. Lepidopteran-specific sperm proteins (e.g., proteins with no homology to proteins in non-Lepidopteran taxa) were present in significantly greater abundance on average than those with homology outside the Lepidoptera. Given the disproportionate production of apyrene sperm (96% of all mature sperm in Manduca) relative to eupyrene sperm, these evolutionarily novel and highly abundant proteins are candidates for possessing apyrene-specific functions. Lastly, comparative genomic analyses of testis-expressed, ovary-expressed and sperm genes identified a concentration of novel sperm proteins shared amongst Lepidoptera of potential relevance to the evolutionary origin of heteromorphic spermatogenesis. As the first published Lepidopteran sperm proteome, this whole-cell proteomic characterisation will facilitate future evolutionary genetic and developmental studies of heteromorphic sperm production and parasperm function. Furthermore, the analyses presented here provide useful annotation information regarding sex-biased gene expression, novel Lepidopteran genes and gene function in the male gamete to complement the newly sequenced and annotated Manduca genome.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Qian Zhao
- Department of Biology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Kirill Borziak
- Department of Biology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - James R Walters
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Kansas University, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - Steve Dorus
- Department of Biology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA.
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