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Sun G, Wang B, Wu X, Cheng J, Ye J, Wang C, Zhu H, Liu X. How do sphingosine-1-phosphate affect immune cells to resolve inflammation? Front Immunol 2024; 15:1362459. [PMID: 38482014 PMCID: PMC10932966 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1362459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is an important immune response of the body. It is a physiological process of self-repair and defense against pathogens taken up by biological tissues when stimulated by damage factors such as trauma and infection. Inflammation is the main cause of high morbidity and mortality in most diseases and is the physiological basis of the disease. Targeted therapeutic strategies can achieve efficient toxicity clearance at the inflammatory site, reduce complications, and reduce mortality. Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), a lipid signaling molecule, is involved in immune cell transport by binding to S1P receptors (S1PRs). It plays a key role in innate and adaptive immune responses and is closely related to inflammation. In homeostasis, lymphocytes follow an S1P concentration gradient from the tissues into circulation. One widely accepted mechanism is that during the inflammatory immune response, the S1P gradient is altered, and lymphocytes are blocked from entering the circulation and are, therefore, unable to reach the inflammatory site. However, the full mechanism of its involvement in inflammation is not fully understood. This review focuses on bacterial and viral infections, autoimmune diseases, and immunological aspects of the Sphks/S1P/S1PRs signaling pathway, highlighting their role in promoting intradial-adaptive immune interactions. How S1P signaling is regulated in inflammation and how S1P shapes immune responses through immune cells are explained in detail. We teased apart the immune cell composition of S1P signaling and the critical role of S1P pathway modulators in the host inflammatory immune system. By understanding the role of S1P in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases, we linked the genomic studies of S1P-targeted drugs in inflammatory diseases to provide a basis for targeted drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gehui Sun
- The First Clinical College, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Bin Wang
- The First Clinical College, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wu
- The First Clinical College, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jiangfeng Cheng
- The First Clinical College, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Junming Ye
- The First Clinical College, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- Clinical College, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chunli Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Hongquan Zhu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiaofeng Liu
- Clinical College, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
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2
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Yang M, He Y, Xin Y, Jiang J, Tian M, Tan J, Deng S, Gong Y. Identification of biomarkers and therapeutic targets related to Sepsis-associated encephalopathy in rats by quantitative proteomics. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:4. [PMID: 36600206 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-09101-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is a common and severe complication of sepsis. While several studies have reported the proteomic alteration in plasma, urine, heart, etc. of sepsis, few research focused on the brain tissue. This study aims at discovering the differentially abundant proteins in the brains of septic rats to identify biomarkers of SAE. METHODS The Prague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into sepsis (n = 6) or sham (n = 6) groups, and then the whole brain tissue was dissected at 24 h after surgery for further protein identification by Quantitative iTRAQ LC-MS/MS Proteomics. Ingenuity pathway analysis, Gene ontology knowledgebase, and STRING database are used to explore the biological significance of proteins with altered concentration. RESULTS Among the total of 3163 proteins identified in the brain tissue, 57 were increased while 38 were decreased in the sepsis group compared to the sham group. Bioinformatic analyses suggest that the differentially abundant proteins are highly related to cellular microtubule metabolism, energy production, nucleic acid metabolism, neurological disease, etc. Additionally, acute phase response signaling was possibly activated and PI3K/AKT signaling was suppressed during sepsis. An interaction network established by IPA revealed that Akt1, Gc-globulin, and ApoA1 were the core proteins. The increase of Gc-globulin and the decrease of Akt1 and ApoA1 were confirmed by Western blot. CONCLUSION Based on the multifunction of these proteins in several brain diseases, we first propose that Gc-globulin, ApoA1, PI3K/AKT pathway, and acute phase response proteins (hemopexin and cluster of alpha-2-macroglobulin) could be potential candidates for the diagnosis and treatment of SAE. These results may provide new insights into the pathologic mechanism of SAE, yet further research is required to explore the functional implications and clinical applications of the differentially abundant proteins in the brains of sepsis group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaoxian Yang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Middle Wulumuqi Road, 200040, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu He
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Middle Wulumuqi Road, 200040, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuewen Xin
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Middle Wulumuqi Road, 200040, Shanghai, China
| | - Junliang Jiang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Middle Wulumuqi Road, 200040, Shanghai, China
| | - Mi Tian
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Middle Wulumuqi Road, 200040, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaying Tan
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Middle Wulumuqi Road, 200040, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuixiang Deng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Middle Wulumuqi Road, 200040, Shanghai, China.
| | - Ye Gong
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Middle Wulumuqi Road, 200040, Shanghai, China. .,Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Middle Wulumuqi Road, 200040, Shanghai, China.
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Van Nynatten LR, Slessarev M, Martin CM, Leligdowicz A, Miller MR, Patel MA, Daley M, Patterson EK, Cepinskas G, Fraser DD. Novel plasma protein biomarkers from critically ill sepsis patients. Clin Proteomics 2022; 19:50. [PMID: 36572854 PMCID: PMC9792322 DOI: 10.1186/s12014-022-09389-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the high morbidity and mortality associated with sepsis, the relationship between the plasma proteome and clinical outcome is poorly understood. In this study, we used targeted plasma proteomics to identify novel biomarkers of sepsis in critically ill patients. METHODS Blood was obtained from 15 critically ill patients with suspected/confirmed sepsis (Sepsis-3.0 criteria) on intensive care unit (ICU) Day-1 and Day-3, as well as age- and sex-matched 15 healthy control subjects. A total of 1161 plasma proteins were measured with proximal extension assays. Promising sepsis biomarkers were narrowed with machine learning and then correlated with relevant clinical and laboratory variables. RESULTS The median age for critically ill sepsis patients was 56 (IQR 51-61) years. The median MODS and SOFA values were 7 (IQR 5.0-8.0) and 7 (IQR 5.0-9.0) on ICU Day-1, and 4 (IQR 3.5-7.0) and 6 (IQR 3.5-7.0) on ICU Day-3, respectively. Targeted proteomics, together with feature selection, identified the leading proteins that distinguished sepsis patients from healthy control subjects with ≥ 90% classification accuracy; 25 proteins on ICU Day-1 and 26 proteins on ICU Day-3 (6 proteins overlapped both ICU days; PRTN3, UPAR, GDF8, NTRK3, WFDC2 and CXCL13). Only 7 of the leading proteins changed significantly between ICU Day-1 and Day-3 (IL10, CCL23, TGFα1, ST2, VSIG4, CNTN5, and ITGAV; P < 0.01). Significant correlations were observed between a variety of patient clinical/laboratory variables and the expression of 15 proteins on ICU Day-1 and 14 proteins on ICU Day-3 (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Targeted proteomics with feature selection identified proteins altered in critically ill sepsis patients relative to healthy control subjects. Correlations between protein expression and clinical/laboratory variables were identified, each providing pathophysiological insight. Our exploratory data provide a rationale for further hypothesis-driven sepsis research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marat Slessarev
- grid.39381.300000 0004 1936 8884Medicine, Western University, London, ON Canada ,grid.415847.b0000 0001 0556 2414Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON Canada
| | - Claudio M. Martin
- grid.39381.300000 0004 1936 8884Medicine, Western University, London, ON Canada ,grid.415847.b0000 0001 0556 2414Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON Canada
| | - Aleks Leligdowicz
- grid.39381.300000 0004 1936 8884Medicine, Western University, London, ON Canada ,grid.415847.b0000 0001 0556 2414Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON Canada
| | - Michael R. Miller
- grid.415847.b0000 0001 0556 2414Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON Canada ,grid.39381.300000 0004 1936 8884Pediatrics, Western University, London, ON Canada
| | - Maitray A. Patel
- grid.39381.300000 0004 1936 8884Computer Science, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7 Canada
| | - Mark Daley
- grid.415847.b0000 0001 0556 2414Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON Canada ,grid.39381.300000 0004 1936 8884Computer Science, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7 Canada ,grid.494618.6The Vector Institute for Artificial Intelligence, Toronto, ON M5G 1M1 Canada
| | - Eric K. Patterson
- grid.415847.b0000 0001 0556 2414Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON Canada
| | - Gediminas Cepinskas
- grid.415847.b0000 0001 0556 2414Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON Canada ,grid.39381.300000 0004 1936 8884Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7 Canada
| | - Douglas D. Fraser
- grid.415847.b0000 0001 0556 2414Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON Canada ,grid.39381.300000 0004 1936 8884Pediatrics, Western University, London, ON Canada ,grid.39381.300000 0004 1936 8884Clinical Neurological Sciences, Western University, London, ON Canada ,grid.39381.300000 0004 1936 8884Physiology and Pharmacology, Western University, London, ON Canada ,grid.412745.10000 0000 9132 1600London Health Sciences Centre, Room C2-C82, 800 Commissioners Road East, London, ON N6A 5W9 Canada
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Tehrani BN, Drakos SG, Billia F, Batchelor WB, Luk A, Stelling K, Tonna J, Rosner C, Hanff T, Rao V, Brozzi NA, Baran DA. The Multicenter Collaborative to Enhance Biologic Understanding, Quality, and Outcomes in Cardiogenic Shock (VANQUISH Shock): Rationale and Design. Can J Cardiol 2022; 38:1286-1295. [PMID: 35288292 PMCID: PMC10625804 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2022.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite efforts to advance therapies in cardiogenic shock (CS), outcomes remain poor. This is likely due to several factors, including major gaps in our understanding of the pathophysiology, phenotyping of patients, and challenges with conducting adequately powered clinical studies. An unmet need exists for a comprehensive multicentre "all-comers" prospective registry to facilitate characterising contemporary presentation, treatment (in a device-agnostic fashion), and short- and intermediate-term outcomes and quality of life (QOL) of CS patients. METHODS The Multicenter Collaborative to Enhance Biological Understanding, Quality and Outcomes in Cardiogenic Shock (VANQUISH Shock) registry is a prospective observational registry that will study unrestricted adult patients with a primary diagnosis of CS at 4 North American centres with multidisciplinary shock programs. Both acute myocardial infarction (AMI-CS) and acute heart failure (HF-CS) etiologies will be included, and the registry will be device agnostic and widely inclusive. The primary end point will be survival at 30 days after hospital discharge. Secondary outcomes will include in-hospital adverse events and survival to 6 and 12 months. Patients will also undergo neurologic and health-related QOL assessments with the Cerebral Performance Category (CPC) and Short-Form 36 (SF-36) health survey tools before discharge and during follow-up. Serial biospecimens will facilitate biomarker studies. CONCLUSIONS The VANQUISH Shock registry provides a unique opportunity to study the pathophysiology, contemporary management, clinical course, and outcomes of CS. By capturing detailed and high-quality longitudinal data, the registry will address existing knowledge gaps and serve as a springboard for future mechanistic clinical studies to advance the field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Filio Billia
- Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | | | - Adriana Luk
- Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kelly Stelling
- Sentara Norfolk General Hospital, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
| | | | | | | | - Vivek Rao
- Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nicolas A Brozzi
- Cleveland Clinic Heart, Vascular, and Thoracic Institute, Weston, Florida, USA
| | - David A Baran
- Cleveland Clinic Heart, Vascular, and Thoracic Institute, Weston, Florida, USA.
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Campion S, Inselman A, Hayes B, Casiraghi C, Joseph D, Facchinetti F, Salomone F, Schmitt G, Hui J, Davis-Bruno K, Van Malderen K, Morford L, De Schaepdrijver L, Wiesner L, Kourula S, Seo S, Laffan S, Urmaliya V, Chen C. The benefits, limitations and opportunities of preclinical models for neonatal drug development. Dis Model Mech 2022; 15:dmm049065. [PMID: 35466995 PMCID: PMC9066504 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.049065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased research to improve preclinical models to inform the development of therapeutics for neonatal diseases is an area of great need. This article reviews five common neonatal diseases - bronchopulmonary dysplasia, retinopathy of prematurity, necrotizing enterocolitis, perinatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy and neonatal sepsis - and the available in vivo, in vitro and in silico preclinical models for studying these diseases. Better understanding of the strengths and weaknesses of specialized neonatal disease models will help to improve their utility, may add to the understanding of the mode of action and efficacy of a therapeutic, and/or may improve the understanding of the disease pathology to aid in identification of new therapeutic targets. Although the diseases covered in this article are diverse and require specific approaches, several high-level, overarching key lessons can be learned by evaluating the strengths, weaknesses and gaps in the available models. This Review is intended to help guide current and future researchers toward successful development of therapeutics in these areas of high unmet medical need.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Campion
- Pfizer Worldwide Research, Development, and Medical, Groton, CT 06340, USA
| | - Amy Inselman
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, National Center for Toxicological Research, Division of Systems Biology, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
| | - Belinda Hayes
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Office of New Drugs, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
| | - Costanza Casiraghi
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Translational Science, Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A., 43122 Parma, Italy
| | - David Joseph
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Office of New Drugs, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
| | - Fabrizio Facchinetti
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Translational Science, Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A., 43122 Parma, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Salomone
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Translational Science, Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A., 43122 Parma, Italy
| | - Georg Schmitt
- Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Pharmaceutical Sciences, F. Hoffmann-La Roche, 4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Julia Hui
- Bristol Myers Squibb, Nonclinical Research and Development, Summit, NJ 07901, USA
| | - Karen Davis-Bruno
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Office of New Drugs, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
| | - Karen Van Malderen
- Federal Agency for Medicines and Health Products (FAMHP), Department DG PRE authorization, 1210 Brussels, Belgium
| | - LaRonda Morford
- Eli Lilly, Global Regulatory Affairs, Indianapolis, IN 46285, USA
| | | | - Lutz Wiesner
- Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices, Clinical Trials, 53175 Bonn, Germany
| | - Stephanie Kourula
- Janssen R&D, Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, 2340 Beerse, Belgium
| | - Suna Seo
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Office of New Drugs, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
| | - Susan Laffan
- GlaxoSmithKline, Non-Clinical Safety, Collegeville, PA 19406, USA
| | | | - Connie Chen
- Health and Environmental Sciences Institute, Washington, DC 20005, USA
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Pilar-Orive FJ, Astigarraga I, Azkargorta M, Elortza F, Garcia-Obregon S. A Three-Protein Panel to Support the Diagnosis of Sepsis in Children. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11061563. [PMID: 35329889 PMCID: PMC8955185 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11061563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a syndrome without a standard validated diagnostic test. Early recognition is crucial. Serum proteome analysis in children with sepsis may identify new biomarkers. This study aimed to find suitable blood biomarkers for an early diagnosis of sepsis. An analytical observational case-control study was carried out in a single center. Children admitted to a Pediatric Intensive Care Unit with clinical diagnosed sepsis were eligible for study. A proteomic analysis conducted by mass spectrometry was performed. Forty patients with sepsis and 24 healthy donors were recruited. Proteomics results revealed 44 proteins differentially expressed between patients and healthy controls. Six proteins were selected to be validated: lactoferrin, serum amyloid-A1 (SAA-1), complement factor B, leucine-rich alpha-2 glycoprotein (LRG1), soluble interleukin-2 alpha chain receptor (sCD25) and soluble haptoglobin−hemoglobin receptor. Our results showed that sCD25, SAA-1, and LRG1 had high levels of specificity and sensitivity, as well as an excellent area under the ROC curve (>0.9). Our study provides a serum proteomic analysis that identifies new diagnostic biomarkers in sepsis. SAA-1, sCD25 and LRG1 were able to separate septic from healthy donor, so they could be used together with other clinical and analytical features to improve sepsis diagnosis in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco J. Pilar-Orive
- Pediatric Critical Care Group, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain
- Pediatric Critical Care Service, Hospital Universitario Cruces, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain
- Correspondence: (F.J.P.-O.); (S.G.-O.); Tel.: +34-616958309 (F.J.P.-O.); +34-946006357 (S.G.-O.)
| | - Itziar Astigarraga
- Pediatric Oncology Group, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain;
- Pediatric Service, Hospital Universitario Cruces, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain
- Pediatric Department, Universidad del País Vasco UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Mikel Azkargorta
- Proteomics Platform, CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), CIBERehd, ProteoRed-ISCIII, Bizkaia Science and Technology Park, 48160 Derio, Spain; (M.A.); (F.E.)
| | - Felix Elortza
- Proteomics Platform, CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), CIBERehd, ProteoRed-ISCIII, Bizkaia Science and Technology Park, 48160 Derio, Spain; (M.A.); (F.E.)
| | - Susana Garcia-Obregon
- Pediatric Oncology Group, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain;
- Physiology Department, Universidad del País Vasco UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Spain
- Correspondence: (F.J.P.-O.); (S.G.-O.); Tel.: +34-616958309 (F.J.P.-O.); +34-946006357 (S.G.-O.)
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7
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Langston JC, Rossi MT, Yang Q, Ohley W, Perez E, Kilpatrick LE, Prabhakarpandian B, Kiani MF. Omics of endothelial cell dysfunction in sepsis. VASCULAR BIOLOGY (BRISTOL, ENGLAND) 2022; 4:R15-R34. [PMID: 35515704 PMCID: PMC9066943 DOI: 10.1530/vb-22-0003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
During sepsis, defined as life-threatening organ dysfunction due to dysregulated host response to infection, systemic inflammation activates endothelial cells and initiates a multifaceted cascade of pro-inflammatory signaling events, resulting in increased permeability and excessive recruitment of leukocytes. Vascular endothelial cells share many common properties but have organ-specific phenotypes with unique structure and function. Thus, therapies directed against endothelial cell phenotypes are needed to address organ-specific endothelial cell dysfunction. Omics allow for the study of expressed genes, proteins and/or metabolites in biological systems and provide insight on temporal and spatial evolution of signals during normal and diseased conditions. Proteomics quantifies protein expression, identifies protein-protein interactions and can reveal mechanistic changes in endothelial cells that would not be possible to study via reductionist methods alone. In this review, we provide an overview of how sepsis pathophysiology impacts omics with a focus on proteomic analysis of mouse endothelial cells during sepsis/inflammation and its relationship with the more clinically relevant omics of human endothelial cells. We discuss how omics has been used to define septic endotype signatures in different populations with a focus on proteomic analysis in organ-specific microvascular endothelial cells during sepsis or septic-like inflammation. We believe that studies defining septic endotypes based on proteomic expression in endothelial cell phenotypes are urgently needed to complement omic profiling of whole blood and better define sepsis subphenotypes. Lastly, we provide a discussion of how in silico modeling can be used to leverage the large volume of omics data to map response pathways in sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan C Langston
- Department of Bioengineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Qingliang Yang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - William Ohley
- Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Edwin Perez
- Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Laurie E Kilpatrick
- Center for Inflammation and Lung Research, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Inflammation, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Balabhaskar Prabhakarpandian
- Center for Inflammation and Lung Research, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Inflammation, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Mohammad F Kiani
- Department of Bioengineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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8
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Knowledge gaps in late-onset neonatal sepsis in preterm neonates: a roadmap for future research. Pediatr Res 2022; 91:368-379. [PMID: 34497356 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-021-01721-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Late-onset neonatal sepsis (LONS) remains an important threat to the health of preterm neonates in the neonatal intensive care unit. Strategies to optimize care for preterm neonates with LONS are likely to improve survival and long-term neurocognitive outcomes. However, many important questions on how to improve the prevention, early detection, and therapy for LONS in preterm neonates remain unanswered. This review identifies important knowledge gaps in the management of LONS and describe possible methods and technologies that can be used to resolve these knowledge gaps. The availability of computational medicine and hypothesis-free-omics approaches give way to building bedside feedback tools to guide clinicians in personalized management of LONS. Despite advances in technology, implementation in clinical practice is largely lacking although such tools would help clinicians to optimize many aspects of the management of LONS. We outline which steps are needed to get possible research findings implemented on the neonatal intensive care unit and provide a roadmap for future research initiatives. IMPACT: This review identifies knowledge gaps in prevention, early detection, antibiotic, and additional therapy of late-onset neonatal sepsis in preterm neonates and provides a roadmap for future research efforts. Research opportunities are addressed, which could provide the means to fill knowledge gaps and the steps that need to be made before possible clinical use. Methods to personalize medicine and technologies feasible for bedside clinical use are described.
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Trongtrakul K, Thonusin C, Pothirat C, Chattipakorn SC, Chattipakorn N. Past Experiences for Future Applications of Metabolomics in Critically Ill Patients with Sepsis and Septic Shocks. Metabolites 2021; 12:metabo12010001. [PMID: 35050123 PMCID: PMC8779293 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A disruption of several metabolic pathways in critically ill patients with sepsis indicates that metabolomics might be used as a more precise tool for sepsis and septic shock when compared with the conventional biomarkers. This article provides information regarding metabolomics studies in sepsis and septic shock patients. It has been shown that a variety of metabolomic pathways are altered in sepsis and septic shock, including amino acid metabolism, fatty acid oxidation, phospholipid metabolism, glycolysis, and tricarboxylic acid cycle. Based upon this comprehensive review, here, we demonstrate that metabolomics is about to change the world of sepsis biomarkers, not only for its utilization in sepsis diagnosis, but also for prognosticating and monitoring the therapeutic response. Additionally, the future direction regarding the establishment of studies integrating metabolomics with other molecular modalities and studies identifying the relationships between metabolomic profiles and clinical characteristics to address clinical application are discussed in this article. All of the information from this review indicates the important impact of metabolomics as a tool for diagnosis, monitoring therapeutic response, and prognostic assessment of sepsis and septic shock. These findings also encourage further clinical investigations to warrant its use in routine clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konlawij Trongtrakul
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (K.T.); (C.P.)
| | - Chanisa Thonusin
- Metabolomics Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Correspondence: (C.T.); (N.C.)
| | - Chaicharn Pothirat
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (K.T.); (C.P.)
| | - Siriporn C. Chattipakorn
- Metabolomics Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Nipon Chattipakorn
- Metabolomics Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Correspondence: (C.T.); (N.C.)
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10
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Miao H, Chen S, Ding R. Evaluation of the Molecular Mechanisms of Sepsis Using Proteomics. Front Immunol 2021; 12:733537. [PMID: 34745104 PMCID: PMC8566982 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.733537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a complex syndrome promoted by pathogenic and host factors; it is characterized by dysregulated host responses and multiple organ dysfunction, which can lead to death. However, its underlying molecular mechanisms remain unknown. Proteomics, as a biotechnology research area in the post-genomic era, paves the way for large-scale protein characterization. With the rapid development of proteomics technology, various approaches can be used to monitor proteome changes and identify differentially expressed proteins in sepsis, which may help to understand the pathophysiological process of sepsis. Although previous reports have summarized proteomics-related data on the diagnosis of sepsis and sepsis-related biomarkers, the present review aims to comprehensively summarize the available literature concerning “sepsis”, “proteomics”, “cecal ligation and puncture”, “lipopolysaccharide”, and “post-translational modifications” in relation to proteomics research to provide novel insights into the molecular mechanisms of sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Miao
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Song Chen
- Department of Trauma Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China.,Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma of Ministry of Education, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Renyu Ding
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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11
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Schuurman AR, Reijnders TDY, Kullberg RFJ, Butler JM, van der Poll T, Wiersinga WJ. Sepsis: deriving biological meaning and clinical applications from high-dimensional data. Intensive Care Med Exp 2021; 9:27. [PMID: 33961170 PMCID: PMC8105470 DOI: 10.1186/s40635-021-00383-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The pathophysiology of sepsis is multi-facetted and highly complex. As sepsis is a leading cause of global mortality that still lacks targeted therapies, increased understanding of its pathogenesis is vital for improving clinical care and outcomes. An increasing number of investigations seeks to unravel the complexity of sepsis through high-dimensional data analysis, enabled by advances in -omics technologies. Here, we summarize progress in the following major -omics fields: genomics, epigenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, lipidomics, and microbiomics. We describe what these fields can teach us about sepsis, and highlight current trends and future challenges. Finally, we focus on multi-omics integration, and discuss the challenges in deriving biological meaning and clinical applications from these types of data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex R Schuurman
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Noord-Holland, Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, The Netherlands.,Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam UMC, Noord-Holland, Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, The Netherlands
| | - Tom D Y Reijnders
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Noord-Holland, Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, The Netherlands.,Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam UMC, Noord-Holland, Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, The Netherlands
| | - Robert F J Kullberg
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Noord-Holland, Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, The Netherlands.,Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam UMC, Noord-Holland, Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, The Netherlands
| | - Joe M Butler
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Noord-Holland, Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, The Netherlands.,Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam UMC, Noord-Holland, Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, The Netherlands
| | - Tom van der Poll
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Noord-Holland, Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, The Netherlands.,Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam UMC, Noord-Holland, Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, The Netherlands
| | - W Joost Wiersinga
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Noord-Holland, Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, The Netherlands. .,Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam UMC, Noord-Holland, Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, The Netherlands.
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12
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Tritten L, Gillis-Germitsch N, Kockmann T, Schnyder M. Quantitative proteomics analysis of Angiostrongylus vasorum-induced alterations in dog serum sheds light on the pathogenesis of canine angiostrongylosis. Sci Rep 2021; 11:283. [PMID: 33431914 PMCID: PMC7801463 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-79459-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Blood contains hundreds of proteins, reflecting ongoing cellular processes and immune reactions. Infections with the blood-dwelling cardiopulmonary nematode Angiostrongylus vasorum in dogs manifest with a broad spectrum of clinical signs including respiratory distress, bleeding diathesis and neurological signs, and are associated with a perturbed blood protein profile in dogs. However, current knowledge does not completely explain the observed pathologies induced by A. vasorum infections, including bleeding disorders. Using sera from experimentally infected dogs, dog serum proteome was analysed by quantitative mass spectrometry methods over several time points before and after inoculation. Following computational analysis, we identified 139 up- and downregulated proteins after infection (log2 ratio cut-off ≥ 1.0; q-value ≤ 0.05). Among upregulated proteins were chitinase 3-like 1 and pulmonary surfactant-associated protein B (log2 fold-changes ≥ 5). Pathway enrichment revealed the complement (especially the lectin pathway) and coagulation cascades as significantly affected upon analysis of downregulated proteins. Among them were mannan-binding lectin serine peptidases, ficolin, and coagulation factor XIII-B. These results bring new elements towards understanding the underlying pathomechanisms of bleeding diatheses observed in some A. vasorum-infected dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucienne Tritten
- Institute of Parasitology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Nina Gillis-Germitsch
- Institute of Parasitology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Tobias Kockmann
- Functional Genomics Center Zurich, ETH/UZH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Manuela Schnyder
- Institute of Parasitology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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13
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Lin B, Liu J, Liu Y, Qin X. Progress in understanding COVID-19: insights from the omics approach. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 2020; 58:242-252. [PMID: 33375876 DOI: 10.1080/10408363.2020.1851167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Sequencing the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) genome is a crucial task for controlling the ongoing coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. However, elucidating the pathological mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 in humans has been challenging. A comprehensive analysis of the molecular characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 and molecular changes in COVID-19 patients may have practical significance in developing assays for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 and formulating clinical treatment strategies against COVID-19. The omics approach for studying biochemical mechanisms can be used to elucidate the molecular characteristics and pathophysiology of SARS-CoV-2. The omics-scale research on COVID-19 has been carried out rapidly, bringing hope for developing a robust diagnostic assay, discovering reliable biomarkers to assess disease progression, and developing therapeutic drugs and vaccines. In this review, we summarize, from an omics perspective, the strategies for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 antigens and antibodies against the virus, the metabolomic and proteomic changes in COVID-19 patients, and the progress of research on anti-SARS-CoV-2 drugs with their potential clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoxu Lin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jianhua Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yong Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaosong Qin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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14
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Papafilippou L, Claxton A, Dark P, Kostarelos K, Hadjidemetriou M. Protein corona fingerprinting to differentiate sepsis from non-infectious systemic inflammation. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:10240-10253. [PMID: 32356537 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr02788j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Rapid and accurate diagnosis of sepsis remains clinically challenging. The lack of specific biomarkers that can differentiate sepsis from non-infectious systemic inflammatory diseases often leads to excessive antibiotic treatment. Novel diagnostic tests are urgently needed to rapidly and accurately diagnose sepsis and enable effective treatment. Despite investment in cutting-edge technologies available today, the discovery of disease-specific biomarkers in blood remains extremely difficult. The highly dynamic environment of plasma restricts access to vital diagnostic information that can be obtained by proteomic analysis. Here, we employed clinically used lipid-based nanoparticles (AmBisome®) as an enrichment platform to analyze the human plasma proteome in the setting of sepsis. We exploited the spontaneous interaction of plasma proteins with nanoparticles (NPs) once in contact, called the 'protein corona', to discover previously unknown disease-specific biomarkers for sepsis diagnosis. Plasma samples obtained from non-infectious acute systemic inflammation controls and sepsis patients were incubated ex vivo with AmBisome® liposomes, and the resultant protein coronas were thoroughly characterised and compared by mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics. Our results demonstrate that the proposed nanoparticle enrichment technology enabled the discovery of 67 potential biomarker proteins that could reproducibly differentiate non-infectious acute systemic inflammation from sepsis. This study provides proof-of-concept evidence that nanoscale-based 'omics' enrichment technologies have the potential to substantially improve plasma proteomics analysis and to uncover novel biomarkers in a challenging clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lana Papafilippou
- Nanomedicine Lab, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, AV Hill Building, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK.
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15
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Harberts E, Liang T, Yoon SH, Opene BN, McFarland MA, Goodlett DR, Ernst RK. Toll-like Receptor 4-Independent Effects of Lipopolysaccharide Identified Using Longitudinal Serum Proteomics. J Proteome Res 2020; 19:1258-1266. [PMID: 32037835 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.9b00765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Sepsis remains one of the most lethal and costly conditions treated in U.S. hospitals, with approximately 50% of cases caused by Gram-negative bacterial infections. Septic shock is induced when lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the main component of Gram-negative outer bacterial membrane, signals through the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) complex. Lethal endotoxemia, a model for septic shock, was induced in WT C57BL6 and TLR4-/- mice by administration of Escherichia coli LPS. WT LPS treated mice showed high morbidity, while PBS treated LPS and treated TLR4-/- mice did not. ANOVA analysis of label-free quantification of longitudinal serum proteome revealed 182 out of 324 proteins in LPS injected WT mice that were significantly changed across four time points (0, 6, 12, and 18 h). No significant changes were identified in the two control groups. From the 182 identified proteins, examples of known sepsis biomarkers were validated by ELISA, which showed similar trends as MS proteomics data. Longitudinal analysis within individual mice produced 3-fold more significantly changed proteins than pair-wise comparison. A subsequent global analysis of WT and TLR4-/- mice identified pathways activated independent of TLR4. These pathways represent possible compensatory mechanisms that allow for control of Gram-negative bacterial infection regardless of host immune status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin Harberts
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
| | - Tao Liang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
| | - Sung Hwan Yoon
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
| | - Belita N Opene
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
| | - Melinda A McFarland
- Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, College Park, Maryland 21201, United States
| | - David R Goodlett
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States.,University of Gdansk, International Centre for Cancer Vaccine Science, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland, EU
| | - Robert K Ernst
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
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16
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Early-Stage Staphylococcus aureus Bloodstream Infection Causes Changes in the Concentrations of Lipoproteins and Acute-Phase Proteins and Is Associated with Low Antibody Titers against Bacterial Virulence Factors. mSystems 2020; 5:5/1/e00632-19. [PMID: 31964768 PMCID: PMC6977072 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00632-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
S. aureus sepsis has a high complication and mortality rate. Given the limited therapeutic possibilities, effective prevention strategies, e.g., a vaccine, or the early identification of high-risk patients would be important but are not available. Our study showed an acute-phase response in patients with S. aureus bloodstream infection and evidence that lipoproteins are downregulated in plasma. Using immunoproteomics, stratification of patients appears to be achievable, since at the early stages of systemic S. aureus infection patients had low preexisting anti-S. aureus antibody levels. This strengthens the notion that a robust immune memory for S. aureus protects against infections with the pathogen. Systemic and quantitative investigations of human plasma proteins (proteomics) and Staphylococcus aureus-specific antibodies (immunoproteomics) provide complementary information and hold promise for the discovery of biomarkers in Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream infection (SABSI). Usually, data-dependent acquisition (DDA) is used for proteome analysis of serum or plasma, but data-independent acquisition (DIA) is more comprehensive and reproducible. In this prospective cohort study, we aimed to identify biomarkers associated with the early stages of SABSI using a serum DIA proteomic and immunoproteomic approach. Sera from 49 SABSI patients and 43 noninfected controls were analyzed. In total, 608 human serum proteins were identified with DIA. A total of 386 proteins could be quantified, of which 9 proteins, mainly belonging to acute-phase proteins, were significantly increased, while 7 high-density lipoproteins were lower in SABSI. In SABSI, total anti-S. aureus serum IgG was reduced compared with controls as shown by immunoproteomic quantification of IgG binding to 143 S. aureus antigens. IgG binding to 48 of these anti-S. aureus proteins was significantly lower in SABSI, while anti-Ecb IgG was the only one increased in SABSI. Serum IgG binding to autoinducing peptide MsrB, FadB, EsxA, Pbp2, FadB, SspB, or SodA was very low in SABSI. This marker panel discriminated early SABSI from controls with 95% sensitivity and 100% specificity according to random forest prediction. This holds promise for patient stratification according to their risk of S. aureus infection, underlines the protective function of the adaptive immune system, and encourages further efforts in the development of a vaccine against S. aureus. IMPORTANCES. aureus sepsis has a high complication and mortality rate. Given the limited therapeutic possibilities, effective prevention strategies, e.g., a vaccine, or the early identification of high-risk patients would be important but are not available. Our study showed an acute-phase response in patients with S. aureus bloodstream infection and evidence that lipoproteins are downregulated in plasma. Using immunoproteomics, stratification of patients appears to be achievable, since at the early stages of systemic S. aureus infection patients had low preexisting anti-S. aureus antibody levels. This strengthens the notion that a robust immune memory for S. aureus protects against infections with the pathogen.
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17
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Sharma NK, Ferreira BL, Tashima AK, Brunialti MKC, Torquato RJS, Bafi A, Assuncao M, Azevedo LCP, Salomao R. Lipid metabolism impairment in patients with sepsis secondary to hospital acquired pneumonia, a proteomic analysis. Clin Proteomics 2019; 16:29. [PMID: 31341447 PMCID: PMC6631513 DOI: 10.1186/s12014-019-9252-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sepsis is a dysregulated host response to infection and a major cause of death worldwide. Respiratory tract infections account for most sepsis cases and depending on the place of acquisition, i.e., community or hospital acquired infection, differ in etiology, antimicrobial resistance and outcomes. Accordingly, the host response may be different in septic patients secondary to community-acquired pneumonia and hospital acquired pneumonia (HAP). Proteomic analysis is a useful approach to evaluate broad alterations in biological pathways that take place during sepsis. Here we evaluated plasma proteome changes in sepsis secondary to HAP. Methods Plasma samples were obtained from patients (n = 27) at admission and after 7 days of follow-up, and were analyzed according to the patients’ outcomes. The patients’ proteome profiles were compared with healthy volunteers (n = 23). Pooled plasma samples were labeled with isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantitationand analyzed by LC–MS/MS. We used bioinformatics tools to find altered functions and pathways. Results were validated using biochemical estimations and ELISA tests. Results We identified 159 altered proteins in septic patients; most of them were common when comparing patients’ outcomes, both at admission and after 7 days. The top altered biological processes were acute inflammatory response, response to wounding, blood coagulation and homeostasis. Lipid metabolism emerged as the main altered function in patients, with HDL as a central node in the network analysis, interacting with downregulated proteins, such as APOA4, APOB, APOC1, APOL1, SAA4 and PON1. Validation tests showed reduced plasma levels of total cholesterol, HDL-C, LDL-C, non-HDL cholesterol, apolipoproteins ApoA1 and ApoB100, and Paraoxonase 1 in HAP patients. Conclusion Proteomic analysis pointed to impairment of lipid metabolism as a major change in septic patients secondary to HAP, which was further validated by the reduced levels of cholesterol moieties and apolipoproteins in plasma. Our results stress the involvement of lipids in the pathogenesis of sepsis, which is in accordance with previous reports supporting the role of lipid moieties in pathogen toxin clearance and in modulating inflammatory responses. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12014-019-9252-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narendra Kumar Sharma
- 1Division of Infectious Diseases, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Pedro de Toledo, 669, 10th Floor, Sao Paulo, SP 04039-032 Brazil.,6Present Address: Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali Tonk, 304022 Rajasthan India
| | - Bianca Lima Ferreira
- 1Division of Infectious Diseases, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Pedro de Toledo, 669, 10th Floor, Sao Paulo, SP 04039-032 Brazil
| | - Alexandre Keiji Tashima
- 2Department of Biochemistry, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 04023-900 Brazil
| | - Milena Karina Colo Brunialti
- 1Division of Infectious Diseases, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Pedro de Toledo, 669, 10th Floor, Sao Paulo, SP 04039-032 Brazil
| | - Ricardo Jose Soares Torquato
- 2Department of Biochemistry, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 04023-900 Brazil
| | - Antonio Bafi
- 3Intensive Care Unit, Hospital São Paulo, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, 04024-002 Brazil
| | - Murillo Assuncao
- 4Intensive Care Unit, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Sao Paulo, 05652-900 Brazil
| | | | - Reinaldo Salomao
- 1Division of Infectious Diseases, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Pedro de Toledo, 669, 10th Floor, Sao Paulo, SP 04039-032 Brazil
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18
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Xie J, Zhang L, Fan X, Dong X, Zhang Z, Fan W. MicroRNA-146a improves sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy by regulating the TLR-4/NF-κB signaling pathway. Exp Ther Med 2019; 18:779-785. [PMID: 31281454 PMCID: PMC6591494 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.7657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the current study was to investigate the regulatory effect of miR-146a on the toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4)/NF-κB pathway and therefore inflammation in septic cardiomyopathy. A total of 60 healthy male Sprague Dawley rats were equally divided into a control, LPS, miR-146a agonist and miR-146a inhibitor group. Blood samples were collected from rats 24 h after intraperitoneal lipopolysaccharide injection and myocardial tissues were subsequently collected. After hematoxylin and eosin staining of rat myocardial tissues, the degree of inflammatory cell infiltration and myocardial damage was observed. The content of certain myocardial injury markers were also observed, including cardiac troponin I (cTnI), B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), creatine kinase myocardial bound (CK-MB) and myoglobin (Mb). Western blot analysis was performed to detect the expression of NF-κB/TLR-4, tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in myocardial tissues. Reverse transcription-quantitative (RT-q) PCR was used to detect the expression of miR-146a, TNF-α, interleukin (IL)-1α and IL-1β mRNA in myocardial tissues. In the LPS group, myocardial interstitial tissue edema occurred, with enlarged and loosely arranged cardiomyocytes. Compared with the sepsis model group, myocardial interstitial tissue edema was relieved in the miR-146a agonist group, but was aggravated in the miR-146a inhibition group. The serum levels of cTnI, BNP, CK-MB, Mb, NF-κB, TLR-4, TNF-α and ICAM-1 in the sepsis model group were higher than those in the control group. In the miR-146a agonist group, levels of myocardial injury markers were lower than those in the sepsis model group, but were higher in the miR-146a inhibition group. The results of RT-qPCR demonstrated that the expression of miR-146a, TNF-α, IL-1α and IL-1β in the sepsis model group were upregulated compared with the control group. In addition, miR-146a expression in the miR-146a agonist group and the miR-146a inhibition group was increased, but TNF-α, IL-1α and IL-1β mRNA was downregulated. miR-146a may regulate the TLR-4/NF-κB signaling pathway via negative feedback mechanisms, leading to the improvement of the inflammatory response and cardiac dysfunction in sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Xie
- Department of Emergency, Zhangqiu District People's Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250200, P.R. China
| | - Lina Zhang
- Department of Emergency, Zhangqiu District People's Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250200, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Fan
- Department of Obstetrics, Zhangqiu District People's Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250200, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoqing Dong
- Department of Emergency, Zhangqiu District People's Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250200, P.R. China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Department of Emergency, Zhangqiu District People's Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250200, P.R. China
| | - Wenxing Fan
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
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19
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Itraq-Based Quantitative Proteomic Analysis of Lungs in Murine Polymicrobial Sepsis with Hydrogen Gas Treatment. Shock 2019. [PMID: 28632510 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000000927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis-associated acute lung injury (ALI), which carries a high morbidity and mortality in patients, has no effective therapeutic strategies to date. Our group has already reported that hydrogen gas (H2) exerts a protective effect against sepsis in mice. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying H2 treatment are not fully understood. This study investigated the effects of H2 on lung injuries in septic mice through the isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ)-based quantitative proteomic analysis. Male ICR mice used in this study were subjected to cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) or sham operation. And 2% H2 was inhaled for 1 h beginning at 1 and 6 h after sham or CLP operation. The iTRAQ-based liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis was preformed to investigate lung proteomics. Sepsis-challenged animals had decreased survival rate, as well as had increased bacterial burden in blood, peritoneal lavage, and lung sample, which were significantly ameliorated by H2 treatment. Moreover, a total of 4,472 proteins were quantified, and 192 differentially expressed proteins were related to the protective mechanism of H2 against sepsis. Functional enrichment analysis showed that H2-related differential proteins could be related to muscle contraction, oxygen transport, protein synthesis, collagen barrier membranes, cell adhesion, and coagulation function. These proteins were significantly enriched in four signaling pathways, and two of which are associated with coagulation. In addition, H2 alleviates ALI in septic mice through downregulating the expression of Sema 7A, OTULIN, and MAP3K1 as well as upregulating the expression of Transferrin. Thus, our findings provide an insight into the mechanism of H2 treatment in sepsis by proteomic approach, which may be helpful to the clinic application of H2 in patients with sepsis.
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Targeted LC-MS/MS for the evaluation of proteomics biomarkers in the blood of neonates with necrotizing enterocolitis and late-onset sepsis. Anal Bioanal Chem 2018; 410:7163-7175. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-018-1320-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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21
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Ng S, Strunk T, Jiang P, Muk T, Sangild PT, Currie A. Precision Medicine for Neonatal Sepsis. Front Mol Biosci 2018; 5:70. [PMID: 30094238 PMCID: PMC6070631 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2018.00070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Neonatal sepsis remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality especially in the preterm infant population. The ability to promptly and accurately diagnose neonatal sepsis based on clinical evaluation and laboratory blood tests remains challenging. Advances in high-throughput molecular technologies have increased investigations into the utility of transcriptomic, proteomic and metabolomic approaches as diagnostic tools for neonatal sepsis. A systems-level understanding of neonatal sepsis, obtained by using omics-based technologies (at the transcriptome, proteome or metabolome level), may lead to new diagnostic tools for neonatal sepsis. In particular, recent omic-based studies have identified distinct transcriptional signatures and metabolic or proteomic biomarkers associated with sepsis. Despite the emerging need for a systems biology approach, future studies have to address the challenges of integrating multi-omic data with laboratory and clinical meta-data in order to translate outcomes into precision medicine for neonatal sepsis. Omics-based analytical approaches may advance diagnostic tools for neonatal sepsis. More research is needed to validate the recent systems biology findings in order to integrate multi-dimensional data (clinical, laboratory and multi-omic) for future translation into precision medicine for neonatal sepsis. This review will discuss the possible applications of omics-based analyses for identification of new biomarkers and diagnostic signatures for neonatal sepsis, focusing on the immune-compromised preterm infant and considerations for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherrianne Ng
- Medical and Molecular Sciences, School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Tobias Strunk
- Centre for Neonatal Research and Education, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Pingping Jiang
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Tik Muk
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Per T Sangild
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Andrew Currie
- Medical and Molecular Sciences, School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia.,Centre for Neonatal Research and Education, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
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Li M, Song K, Huang X, Fu S, Zeng Q. GDF‑15 prevents LPS and D‑galactosamine‑induced inflammation and acute liver injury in mice. Int J Mol Med 2018; 42:1756-1764. [PMID: 29956733 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Growth differentiation factor‑15 (GDF‑15) is a transforming growth factor (TGF)‑β superfamily member with a poorly characterized biological activity, speculated to be implicated in several diseases. The present study aimed to determine whether GDF‑15 participates in sepsis‑induced acute liver injury in mice. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and D‑galactosamine (D‑GalN) were administered to mice to induce acute liver injury. Survival of mice, histological changes in liver tissue, and levels of inflammatory biomarkers in serum and liver tissue were evaluated following treatment with GDF‑15. The underlying mechanism was investigated by western blotting, ELISA, flow cytometry, and reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction using Kupffer cells. The results demonstrated that GDF‑15 prevented LPS/D‑GalN‑induced death, increase in inflammatory cell infiltration and serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase activities. In addition, GDF‑15 treatment reduced the production of hepatic malondialdehyde and myeloperoxidase, and attenuated the increase of interleukin (IL)‑6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‑α, and IL‑1β expression in serum and liver tissue, accompanied by inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) inactivation in the liver. Similar changes in the expression of inflammatory cytokines, IL‑6, TNF‑α and IL‑1β, and iNOS activation were observed in the Kupffer cells. Further mechanistic experiments revealed that GDF‑15 effectively protected against LPS‑induced nuclear factor (NF)‑κB pathway activation by regulating TGFβ‑activated kinase 1 (TAK1) phosphorylation in Kupffer cells. In conclusion, GDF‑15 reduced the activation of pro‑inflammatory factors, and prevented LPS‑induced liver injury, most likely by disrupting TAK1 phosphorylation, and consequently inhibiting the activation of the NF‑κB pathway in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Kui Song
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jishou University, Jishou, Hunan 416000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaowen Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, Boai Hospital of Zhongshan City, Zhongshan, Guangdong 528400, P.R. China
| | - Simao Fu
- Department of Pediatrics, Boai Hospital of Zhongshan City, Zhongshan, Guangdong 528400, P.R. China
| | - Qiyi Zeng
- Department of Pediatrics, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
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Mass Spectrometry-based Structural Analysis and Systems Immunoproteomics Strategies for Deciphering the Host Response to Endotoxin. J Mol Biol 2018; 430:2641-2660. [PMID: 29949751 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2018.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Revised: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
One cause of sepsis is systemic maladaptive immune response of the host to bacteria and specifically, to Gram-negative bacterial outer-membrane glycolipid lipopolysaccharide (LPS). On the host myeloid cell surface, proinflammatory LPS activates the innate immune system via Toll-like receptor-4/myeloid differentiation factor-2 complex. Intracellularly, LPS is also sensed by the noncanonical inflammasome through caspase-11 in mice and 4/5 in humans. The minimal functional determinant for innate immune activation is the membrane anchor of LPS called lipid A. Even subtle modifications to the lipid A scaffold can enable, diminish, or abolish immune activation. Bacteria are known to modify their LPS structure during environmental stress and infection of hosts to alter cellular immune phenotypes. In this review, we describe how mass spectrometry-based structural analysis of endotoxin helped uncover major determinations of molecular pathogenesis. Through characterization of LPS modifications, we now better understand resistance to antibiotics and cationic antimicrobial peptides, as well as how the environment impacts overall endotoxin structure. In addition, mass spectrometry-based systems immunoproteomics approaches can assist in elucidating the immune response against LPS. Many regulatory proteins have been characterized through proteomics and global/targeted analysis of protein modifications, enabling the discovery and characterization of novel endotoxin-mediated protein translational modifications.
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Mokart D, Saillard C, Zemmour C, Bisbal M, Sannini A, Chow-Chine L, Brun JP, Faucher M, Boher JM, Toiron Y, Chabannon C, Borg JP, Gonçalves A, Camoin L. Early prognostic factors in septic shock cancer patients: a prospective study with a proteomic approach. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2018; 62:493-503. [PMID: 29315472 DOI: 10.1111/aas.13060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Organ failures are the main prognostic factors in septic shock. The aim was to assess classical clinico-biological parameters evaluating organ dysfunctions at intensive care unit admission, combined with proteomics, on day-30 mortality in critically ill onco-hematology patients admitted to the intensive care unit for septic shock. METHODS This was a prospective monocenter cohort study. Clinico-biological parameters were collected at admission. Plasma proteomics analyses were performed, including protein profiling using isobaric Tag for Relative and Absolute Quantification (iTRAQ) and subsequent validation by ELISA. RESULTS Sixty consecutive patients were included. Day-30 mortality was 47%. All required vasopressors, 32% mechanical ventilation, 33% non-invasive ventilation and 13% renal-replacement therapy. iTRAQ-based proteomics identified von Willebrand factor as a protein of interest. Multivariate analysis identified four factors independently associated with day-30 mortality: positive fluid balance in the first 24 h (odds ratio = 1.06, 95% CI = 1.01-1.12, P = 0.02), severe acute respiratory failure (odds ratio = 6.14, 95% CI = 1.04-36.15, P = 0.04), von Willebrand factor plasma level > 439 ng/ml (odds ratio = 9.7, 95% CI = 1.52-61.98, P = 0.02), and bacteremia (odds ratio = 6.98, 95% CI = 1.17-41.6, P = 0.03). CONCLUSION Endothelial dysfunction, revealed by proteomics, appears as an independent prognostic factor on day-30 mortality, as well as hydric balance, acute respiratory failure and bacteremia, in critically ill cancer patients admitted to the intensive care unit. Endothelial failure is underestimated in clinical practice and represents an innovative therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Mokart
- Polyvalent Intensive Care Unit; Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care; Institut Paoli Calmettes; Marseille France
- Groupe de Recherche en Réanimation Respiratoire en Onco-Hématologie (GRRROH); Paris France
| | - C. Saillard
- Hematology Department; Institut Paoli Calmettes; Marseille France
| | - C. Zemmour
- Departement of Clinical Research and Innovation; Institut Paoli-Calmettes; Marseille France
| | - M. Bisbal
- Polyvalent Intensive Care Unit; Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care; Institut Paoli Calmettes; Marseille France
- Groupe de Recherche en Réanimation Respiratoire en Onco-Hématologie (GRRROH); Paris France
| | - A. Sannini
- Polyvalent Intensive Care Unit; Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care; Institut Paoli Calmettes; Marseille France
| | - L. Chow-Chine
- Polyvalent Intensive Care Unit; Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care; Institut Paoli Calmettes; Marseille France
| | - J.-P. Brun
- Polyvalent Intensive Care Unit; Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care; Institut Paoli Calmettes; Marseille France
| | - M. Faucher
- Polyvalent Intensive Care Unit; Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care; Institut Paoli Calmettes; Marseille France
| | - J.-M. Boher
- Departement of Clinical Research and Innovation; Institut Paoli-Calmettes; Marseille France
| | - Y. Toiron
- Inserm, U1068; Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM); Marseille France
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM); Marseille France
| | - C. Chabannon
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM); Marseille France
- CNRS, UMR7258; Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM); Marseille France
- Aix-Marseille Medical University; Marseille France
- Cell Therapy Department; Institut Paoli Calmettes; Marseille France
| | - J.-P. Borg
- Inserm, U1068; Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM); Marseille France
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM); Marseille France
- CNRS, UMR7258; Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM); Marseille France
- UM105; Aix-Marseille Université; Marseille France
| | - A. Gonçalves
- Inserm, U1068; Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM); Marseille France
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM); Marseille France
- CNRS, UMR7258; Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM); Marseille France
- Aix-Marseille Medical University; Marseille France
- Department of Medical Oncology; Institut Paoli Calmettes; Marseille France
| | - L. Camoin
- Inserm, U1068; Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM); Marseille France
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM); Marseille France
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Evangelatos N, Bauer P, Reumann M, Satyamoorthy K, Lehrach H, Brand A. Metabolomics in Sepsis and Its Impact on Public Health. Public Health Genomics 2018; 20:274-285. [PMID: 29353273 DOI: 10.1159/000486362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 12/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis, with its often devastating consequences for patients and their families, remains a major public health concern that poses an increasing financial burden. Early resuscitation together with the elucidation of the biological pathways and pathophysiological mechanisms with the use of "-omics" technologies have started changing the clinical and research landscape in sepsis. Metabolomics (i.e., the study of the metabolome), an "-omics" technology further down in the "-omics" cascade between the genome and the phenome, could be particularly fruitful in sepsis research with the potential to alter the clinical practice. Apart from its benefit for the individual patient, metabolomics has an impact on public health that extends beyond its applications in medicine. In this review, we present recent developments in metabolomics research in sepsis, with a focus on pneumonia, and we discuss the impact of metabolomics on public health, with a focus on free/libre open source software.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos Evangelatos
- Intensive Care Medicine Unit, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Allergology and Sleep Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University, Nuremberg, Germany.,UNU-MERIT (Maastricht Economic and Social Research Institute on Innovation and Technology), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Pia Bauer
- Intensive Care Medicine Unit, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Allergology and Sleep Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University, Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Matthias Reumann
- UNU-MERIT (Maastricht Economic and Social Research Institute on Innovation and Technology), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,IBM Research - Zurich, Rueschlikon, Switzerland
| | | | - Hans Lehrach
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Angela Brand
- UNU-MERIT (Maastricht Economic and Social Research Institute on Innovation and Technology), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,Public Health Genomics, Department of International Health, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,Manipal University, Madhav Nagar, Manipal, India
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26
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Sharma NK, Tashima AK, Brunialti MKC, Ferreira ER, Torquato RJS, Mortara RA, Machado FR, Assuncao M, Rigato O, Salomao R. Proteomic study revealed cellular assembly and lipid metabolism dysregulation in sepsis secondary to community-acquired pneumonia. Sci Rep 2017; 7:15606. [PMID: 29142235 PMCID: PMC5688086 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-15755-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a life-threatening disorder characterized by organ dysfunction and a major cause of mortality worldwide. The major challenge in studying sepsis is its diversity in such factors as age, source of infection and etiology. Recently, genomic and proteomic approaches have improved our understanding of its complex pathogenesis. In the present study, we use quantitative proteomics to evaluate the host proteome response in septic patients secondary to community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). Samples obtained at admission and after 7 days of follow-up were analyzed according to the outcomes of septic patients. The patients' proteome profiles were compared with age- and gender-matched healthy volunteers. Bioinformatic analyses of differentially expressed proteins showed alteration in the cytoskeleton, cellular assembly, movement, lipid metabolism and immune responses in septic patients. Actin and gelsolin changes were assessed in mononuclear cells using immunofluorescence, and a higher expression of gelsolin and depletion of actin were observed in survivor patients. Regarding lipid metabolism, changes in cholesterol, HDL and apolipoproteins were confirmed using enzymatic colorimetric methods in plasma. Transcriptomic studies revealed a massive change in gene expression in sepsis. Our proteomic results stressed important changes in cellular structure and metabolism, which are possible targets for future interventions of sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narendra Kumar Sharma
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Hospital São Paulo, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, 04039-032, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Keiji Tashima
- Departamento de Biochemistry, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, 04023-900, Brazil
| | - Milena Karina Colo Brunialti
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Hospital São Paulo, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, 04039-032, Brazil
| | - Eden Ramalho Ferreira
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, 04023-062, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Jose Soares Torquato
- Departamento de Biochemistry, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, 04023-900, Brazil
| | - Renato Arruda Mortara
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, 04023-062, Brazil
| | - Flavia Ribeiro Machado
- Intensive Care Unit, Hospital São Paulo, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, 04024-002, Brazil
| | - Murillo Assuncao
- Intensive Care Unit, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Sao Paulo, 05652- 900, Brazil
| | - Otelo Rigato
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Hospital São Paulo, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, 04039-032, Brazil
- Intensive Care Unit, Hospital Sirio Libanes, Sao Paulo, 01409-001, Brazil
| | - Reinaldo Salomao
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Hospital São Paulo, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, 04039-032, Brazil.
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27
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Identification of a panel of serum protein markers in early stage of sepsis and its validation in a cohort of patients. JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY, IMMUNOLOGY, AND INFECTION = WEI MIAN YU GAN RAN ZA ZHI 2017; 51:465-472. [PMID: 28655573 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmii.2016.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Revised: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sepsis is a life-threatening illness with a challenging diagnosis. Current serum biomarkers are not sensitive enough for diagnosis. With the aim of finding proteins associated with sepsis, serum protein profile was compared between patients and healthy donors and serum classical inflammatory proteins were analyzed in both groups. METHODS Serum protein profiles were characterized by two-dimensional electrophoresis (2DE). Identification of the proteins was carried out by mass spectrophotometry and their validation was performed by Enzyme-Linked-ImmunoSorbent Assay (ELISA) in a cohort of 85 patients and 67 healthy donors. Seven classical inflammatory proteins were analyzed in the same cohort by ELISA: interleukin-2 receptor α-chain (sCD25), scavenger receptor cysteine-rich-type-1 (sCD163), tumor-necrosis factor receptor superfamily-member-6 (sFas), hemeoxigenase-1 decycling (HO-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-18 (IL-18) and intercellular adhesion-molecule-1 (sICAM-1). RESULTS After 2DE, 20 significantly differently expressed spots were identified by mass spectrometry analysis, revealing deregulation of six different proteins upon sepsis and 50% were validated by ELISA: Antithrombin-III (AT-III), Clusterin (CLUS) and Serum amyloid A-1 (SAA-1). Serum concentration of AT-III and CLUS was significantly lower in patients' serum, whereas SAA-1 showed higher values in septic patients. Serum concentration of the seven inflammatory proteins was significantly increased in septic patients. Functional analysis of the ten deregulated proteins revealed an enrichment of proteins related mainly to the activation of the immune response. CONCLUSION We have identified a panel of ten potential sepsis marker proteins biologically connected and validated in a large number of patients, whose analysis could be considered as a complementary tool for the diagnosis of sepsis.
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28
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Ahn D, Prince A. Host-Pathogen Interface: Progress in Understanding the Pathogenesis of Infection Due to Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria in the Intensive Care Unit. J Infect Dis 2017; 215:S1-S8. [PMID: 28375516 PMCID: PMC5853223 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiw405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The diverse responses of critically ill patients to infection with multi-drug resistant (MDR) bacteria are determined by many complex factors. These include the nature of the immune response activated by specific organisms. Properties unique to each organism such as adherence proteins, microvesicle formation, toxin production and the propensity to form biofilms are important factors in pathogenesis. Equally important is the variability in the host immune response, whether due to genetic or iatrogenic factors, including the presence of major comorbidities, treatment with immunomodulatory therapy and disruption of the microbiome. Future approaches in treating infections caused by MDR bacteria will be heavily influenced by a precision medicine approach, with rapid diagnostic techniques of both bacterial and host factors and high throughput screening of novel therapeutics becoming the mainstay of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Ahn
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York
| | - Alice Prince
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York
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29
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Ginsburg I, van Heerden PV, Koren E. From amino acids polymers, antimicrobial peptides, and histones, to their possible role in the pathogenesis of septic shock: a historical perspective. J Inflamm Res 2017; 10:7-15. [PMID: 28203100 PMCID: PMC5293372 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s126150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper describes the evolution of our understanding of the biological role played by synthetic and natural antimicrobial cationic peptides and by the highly basic nuclear histones as modulators of infection, postinfectious sequelae, trauma, and coagulation phenomena. The authors discuss the effects of the synthetic polymers of basic poly α amino acids, poly l-lysine, and poly l-arginine on blood coagulation, fibrinolysis, bacterial killing, and blood vessels; the properties of natural and synthetic antimicrobial cationic peptides as potential replacements or adjuncts to antibiotics; polycations as opsonizing agents promoting endocytosis/phagocytosis; polycations and muramidases as activators of autolytic wall enzymes in bacteria, causing bacteriolysis and tissue damage; and polycations and nuclear histones as potential virulence factors and as markers of sepsis, septic shock, disseminated intravasclar coagulopathy, acute lung injury, pancreatitis, trauma, and other additional clinical disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Ginsburg
- Institute of Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dental Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem
| | | | - Erez Koren
- Institute of Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dental Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem
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30
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Pinheiro da Silva F, Cataldi TR, de Lima TM, Starzynski PN, Barbeiro HV, Labate MTV, CéMachado MCC, de Souza HP, Labate CA. Proteomic profiling identifies N-acetylmuramoyl-l-alanine amidase as a novel biomarker of sepsis. Biomark Med 2016; 10:1225-1229. [PMID: 27911590 DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2016-0184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Sepsis is a critical condition that leads to high mortality and is the most common cause of death in intensive care units. Despite exhaustive efforts by the scientific community, a reliable biomarker for diagnosis, evolution and prognosis of sepsis is still lacking. Results & methodology: Here, using high-throughput proteomics, we describe N-acetylmuramoyl-l-alanine amidase as a novel candidate for differentiating infectious and noninfectious inflammatory syndromes. DISCUSSION & CONCLUSION This is the first description of N-acetylmuramoyl-l-alanine amidase as a biomarker that can be used alone or in conjunction with other biomarkers to facilitate the diagnosis of sepsis in the critically ill.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thais Regiani Cataldi
- Escola Superior de Agricultura 'Luiz de Queiroz', Department of Genetics, Laboratório Multiusuários Centralizado de Genômica Funcional Aplicada à Agropecuária e Agroenergia, University of Sao Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Monica Teresa Veneziano Labate
- Escola Superior de Agricultura 'Luiz de Queiroz', Department of Genetics, Laboratório Multiusuários Centralizado de Genômica Funcional Aplicada à Agropecuária e Agroenergia, University of Sao Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | | | | | - Carlos Alberto Labate
- Escola Superior de Agricultura 'Luiz de Queiroz', Department of Genetics, Laboratório Multiusuários Centralizado de Genômica Funcional Aplicada à Agropecuária e Agroenergia, University of Sao Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
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31
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Proteome analysis of hemofilter adsorbates to identify novel substances of sepsis: a pilot study. J Artif Organs 2016; 20:132-137. [PMID: 27858178 DOI: 10.1007/s10047-016-0936-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Blood purification therapy using hemofilters with high adsorbing capabilities has been reported to remove excessive humoral mediators from the blood of patients with sepsis. However, there are insufficient studies of the adsorbates bound to hemofilter membranes. We hypothesized that these adsorbates in acute kidney injury (AKI) patients with sepsis were different from those in patients without sepsis and that proteome analysis of the adsorbates would identify novel substances of sepsis. This study included 20 patients who had AKI upon admission to intensive care units (ICUs) and who received continuous renal replacement therapy using polymethyl methacrylate hemofilters. We isolated adsorbates from the hemofilters after use and performed comprehensive proteome analysis. A total of 429 proteins were identified in these adsorbates. Adsorbates from the hemofilters of patients with sepsis had significantly increased frequency of proteins associated with "immune system process" and "biological adhesion" functions compared to those of non-sepsis patients (P < 0.05). Of 429 proteins, 197 were identified only in sepsis adsorbates. Of these, 3 proteins including carbonic anhydrase 1 (CA1) and leucine-rich alpha-2-glycoprotein (LRG1) were identified in all samples from sepsis patients and have not been previously reported in sepsis patients. Validation analysis of patient serum revealed that patients with sepsis had increased serum levels of CA1 and LRG1 compared to patients without sepsis (P < 0.05). To conclude, there were significant differences in the characteristics of the adsorbates from sepsis and non-sepsis patients. CA1 and LRG1 appear to be novel substances associated with sepsis.
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32
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Changes in serum proteins after endotoxin administration in healthy and choline-treated calves. BMC Vet Res 2016; 12:210. [PMID: 27646125 PMCID: PMC5028968 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-016-0837-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 09/10/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate the possible serum protein changes after endotoxin administration in healthy and choline-treated calves using proteomics. These results are expected to contribute to the understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms of endotoxemia and the beneficial effect of choline administration in this clinical situation. METHODS Healthy-calves (n = 20) were divided into 4 groups: Control, Choline treated (C), Lipopolysaccharide administered (LPS), and LPS + C. Control calves received 0.9 % NaCl injection. Calves in C and LPS + C groups received choline chloride (1 mg/kg/iv). Endotoxin (LPS) was injected (2 μg/kg/iv) to the calves in LPS and LPS + C groups. Serum samples were collected before and after the treatments. Differentially expressed proteins (> 1.5 fold-change relative to controls) were identified by LC-MS/MS. RESULTS After LPS administration, 14 proteins increased, and 13 proteins decreased within 48 h as compared to controls. In the LPS group, there were significant increases in serum levels of ragulator complex protein (189-fold) and galectin-3-binding protein (10-fold), but transcription factor MafF and corticosteroid binding globulin were down regulated (≥ 5 fold). As compared with the LPS group, in LPS + C group, fibrinogen gamma-B-chain and antithrombin were up-regulated, while hemopexin and histone H4 were down-regulated. Choline treatment attenuated actin alpha cardiac muscle-1 overexpression after LPS. CONCLUSIONS LPS administration produces changes in serum proteins associated with lipid metabolism, immune and inflammatory response, protein binding/transport, cell adhesion, venous thrombosis, cardiac contractility and blood coagulation. The administration of choline is associated with changes in proteins which can be related with its beneficial effect in this clinical situation.
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33
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Liu Z, Yin P, Amathieu R, Savarin P, Xu G. Application of LC-MS-based metabolomics method in differentiating septic survivors from non-survivors. Anal Bioanal Chem 2016; 408:7641-7649. [PMID: 27614981 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-016-9845-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Septic shock is the most severe form of sepsis, which is still one of the leading causes of death in the intensive care unit (ICU). Even though early prognosis and diagnosis are known to be indispensable for reaching an optimistic outcome, pathogenic complexities and the lack of specific treatment make it difficult to predict the outcome individually. In the present study, serum samples from surviving and non-surviving septic shock patients were drawn before clinical intervention at admission. Metabolic profiles of all the samples were analyzed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS)-based metabolomics. One thousand four hundred nineteen peaks in positive mode and 1878 peaks in negative mode were retained with their relative standard deviation (RSD) below 30 %, in which 187 metabolites were initially identified by retention time and database in the light of the exact molecular mass. Differences between samples from the survivors and the non-survivors were investigated using multivariate and univariate analysis. Finally, 43 significantly varied metabolites were found in the comparison between survivors and non-survivors. Concretely, metabolites in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, amino acids, and several energy metabolism-related metabolites were up-regulated in the non-survivors, whereas those in the urea cycle and fatty acids were generally down-regulated. Metabolites such as lysine, alanine, and methionine did not present significant changes in the comparison. Six metabolites were further defined as primary discriminators differentiating the survivors from the non-survivors at the early stage of septic shock. Our findings reveal that LC-MS-based metabolomics is a useful tool for studying septic shock. Graphical abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhicheng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116023, China.,Sorbonne Paris Cité, Laboratoire de Chimie, Structures et Propriétés de Biomateriaux et d'Agents Therapeutiques, UMR 7244, Université Paris 13, Rue de Chablis 1, 93000, Bobigny, France
| | - Peiyuan Yin
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116023, China
| | - Roland Amathieu
- Sorbonne Paris Cité, Laboratoire de Chimie, Structures et Propriétés de Biomateriaux et d'Agents Therapeutiques, UMR 7244, Université Paris 13, Rue de Chablis 1, 93000, Bobigny, France.,Intensive Care Unit, Jean Verdier Teaching Hospital, AP-HP, 93140, Bondy, France
| | - Philippe Savarin
- Sorbonne Paris Cité, Laboratoire de Chimie, Structures et Propriétés de Biomateriaux et d'Agents Therapeutiques, UMR 7244, Université Paris 13, Rue de Chablis 1, 93000, Bobigny, France
| | - Guowang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116023, China.
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Sims CR, Nguyen TC, Mayeux PR. Could Biomarkers Direct Therapy for the Septic Patient? J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2016; 357:228-39. [PMID: 26857961 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.115.230797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a serious medical condition caused by a severe systemic inflammatory response to a bacterial, fungal, or viral infection that most commonly affects neonates and the elderly. Advances in understanding the pathophysiology of sepsis have resulted in guidelines for care that have helped reduce the risk of dying from sepsis for both children and older adults. Still, over the past three decades, a large number of clinical trials have been undertaken to evaluate pharmacological agents for sepsis. Unfortunately, all of these trials have failed, with the use of some agents even shown to be harmful. One key issue in these trials was the heterogeneity of the patient population that participated. What has emerged is the need to target therapeutic interventions to the specific patient's underlying pathophysiological processes, rather than looking for a universal therapy that would be effective in a "typical" septic patient, who does not exist. This review supports the concept that identification of the right biomarkers that can direct therapy and provide timely feedback on its effectiveness will enable critical care physicians to decrease mortality of patients with sepsis and improve the quality of life of survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clark R Sims
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas (C.R.S., P.R.M.); and Department of Pediatrics, Section of Critical Care Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine/Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas (T.C.N.)
| | - Trung C Nguyen
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas (C.R.S., P.R.M.); and Department of Pediatrics, Section of Critical Care Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine/Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas (T.C.N.)
| | - Philip R Mayeux
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas (C.R.S., P.R.M.); and Department of Pediatrics, Section of Critical Care Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine/Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas (T.C.N.)
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Activated Complement Factors as Disease Markers for Sepsis. DISEASE MARKERS 2015; 2015:382463. [PMID: 26420913 PMCID: PMC4572436 DOI: 10.1155/2015/382463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Accepted: 08/16/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Sepsis is a leading cause of death in the United States and worldwide. Early recognition and effective management are essential for improved outcome. However, early recognition is impeded by lack of clinically utilized biomarkers. Complement factors play important roles in the mechanisms leading to sepsis and can potentially serve as early markers of sepsis and of sepsis severity and outcome. This review provides a synopsis of recent animal and clinical studies of the role of complement factors in sepsis development, together with their potential as disease markers. In addition, new results from our laboratory are presented regarding the involvement of the complement factor, mannose-binding lectin, in septic shock patients. Future clinical studies are needed to obtain the complete profiles of complement factors/their activated products during the course of sepsis development. We anticipate that the results of these studies will lead to a multipanel set of sepsis biomarkers which, along with currently used laboratory tests, will facilitate earlier diagnosis, timely treatment, and improved outcome.
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Sepsis: From Pathophysiology to Individualized Patient Care. J Immunol Res 2015; 2015:510436. [PMID: 26258150 PMCID: PMC4518174 DOI: 10.1155/2015/510436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2015] [Revised: 06/24/2015] [Accepted: 07/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis has become a major health economic issue, with more patients dying in hospitals due to sepsis related complications compared to breast and colorectal cancer together. Despite extensive research in order to improve outcome in sepsis over the last few decades, results of large multicenter studies were by-and-large very disappointing. This fiasco can be explained by several factors, but one of the most important reasons is the uncertain definition of sepsis resulting in very heterogeneous patient populations, and the lack of understanding of pathophysiology, which is mainly based on the imbalance in the host-immune response. However, this heroic research work has not been in vain. Putting the results of positive and negative studies into context, we can now approach sepsis in a different concept, which may lead us to new perspectives in diagnostics and treatment. While decision making based on conventional sepsis definitions can inevitably lead to false judgment due to the heterogeneity of patients, new concepts based on currently gained knowledge in immunology may help to tailor assessment and treatment of these patients to their actual needs. Summarizing where we stand at present and what the future may hold are the purpose of this review.
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Wu Y, Xia P, Zheng C. Bioinformatics analysis of transcription profiling of sepsis. EUR J INFLAMM 2015. [DOI: 10.1177/1721727x15590946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a fatal whole-body inflammatory response that complicates a serious infection. To elucidate the molecular mechanism of sepsis, transcription profile data of GSE12624 which included a total of 70 samples (34 sepsis samples and 36 non-sepsis samples) was downloaded. The t test based on Bayes method in limma package was used to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between sepsis and non-sepsis samples (criterion: P value <0.05). Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis was conducted to investigate the biological processes involved DEGs. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and sub-network analysis were conducted to investigate the interactions between DEGs. A total of 894 DEGs, including 479 downregulated DEGs and 415 upregulated DEGs, were identified in sepsis samples comparing with non-sepsis samples. GO enrichment analysis showed that DEGs mainly involved in cellular metabolic process, primary metabolic process, and response to organic cyclic compound. In the PPI network, four genes of CDC2, GTF2F2, PCNA, and SMAD4 with degrees more than 10 were identified. Subsequently, four sub-networks, in which genes of PTBP1, PSMA3, PSMA6, PSMB9, PSMB10, and GADD45 had relative high degrees were identified from the PPI network. After the discussion referring to previous studies, we suggested that CDC2, GTF2F2, PCNA, SMAD4 PSMA3, PTBP1, and GADD45 might be used as new therapeutic targets for sepsis. However, experiments should be further performed to prove the practical utility of these candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfeng Wu
- The Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, PR China
| | - Peng Xia
- The Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, PR China
| | - Changjun Zheng
- The Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, PR China
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Prucha M, Bellingan G, Zazula R. Sepsis biomarkers. Clin Chim Acta 2014; 440:97-103. [PMID: 25447700 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2014.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2014] [Revised: 11/05/2014] [Accepted: 11/11/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Sepsis is the most frequent cause of death in non-coronary intensive care units (ICUs). In the past 10 years, progress has been made in the early identification of septic patients and in their treatment and these improvements in support and therapy mean that the mortality is gradually decreasing but it still remains unacceptably high. Leaving clinical diagnosis aside, the laboratory diagnostics represent a complex range of investigations that can place significant demands on the system given the speed of response required. There are hundreds of biomarkers which could be potentially used for diagnosis and prognosis in septic patients. The main attributes of successful markers would be high sensitivity, specificity, possibility of bed-side monitoring, and financial accessibility. Only a fraction is used in routine clinical practice because many lack sufficient sensitivity or specificity. The following review gives a short overview of the current epidemiology of sepsis, its pathogenesis and state-of-the-art knowledge on the use of specific biochemical, hematological and immunological parameters in its diagnostics. Prospective approaches towards discovery of new diagnostic biomarkers have been shortly mentioned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miroslav Prucha
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Hematology and Immunology, Hospital Na Homolce, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Geoff Bellingan
- University College London Hospitals, 235 Euston Rd, London NW1 2PG, United Kingdom(1)
| | - Roman Zazula
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and Thomayer Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
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