1
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Lim ESY, Ong Y, Chou Y, Then CK. Interconnected influences of tumour and host microbiota on treatment response and side effects in nasopharyngeal cancer. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2024; 202:104468. [PMID: 39103130 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Revised: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024] Open
Abstract
This study elucidates the intricate relationship between nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), a significant malignancy predominant in Asia with notable global incidence and mortality rates, and the host microbiota, including those of tumour, nasal, nasopharyngeal, oral, oropharyngeal, and gut communities. It underscores how the composition and diversity of microbiota are altered in NPC, delving into their implications for disease pathogenesis, treatment response, and the side effects of therapies. A consistent reduction in alpha diversity across oral, nasal, and gut microbiomes in NPC patients compared to healthy individuals signals a distinct microbial signature indicative of the diseased state. The study also shows unique microbial changes tied to different NPC stages, indicating a dynamic interplay between disease progression and microbiota composition. Patients with specific microbial profiles exhibit varied responses to chemotherapy and immunotherapy, underscoring the potential for treatment personalisation based on microbiota analysis. Furthermore, the side effects of NPC treatments, such as oral mucositis, are intensified by shifts in microbial communities, suggesting a direct link between microbiota composition and treatment tolerance. This nexus offers opportunities for interventions aimed at modulating the microbiota to alleviate side effects, improve quality of life, and potentially enhance treatment efficacy. Highlighting the dual potential of microbiota as both a therapeutic target and a biomarker for NPC, this review emphasises its significance in influencing treatment outcomes and side effects, heralding a new era in NPC management through personalised treatment strategies and innovative approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugene Sheng Yao Lim
- Jeffery Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University, Malaysia
| | - Yenyi Ong
- Jeffery Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University, Malaysia
| | - Yang Chou
- Department of Otolaryngology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Chee Kin Then
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
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2
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Che S, Yan Z, Feng Y, Zhao H. Unveiling the intratumoral microbiota within cancer landscapes. iScience 2024; 27:109893. [PMID: 38799560 PMCID: PMC11126819 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in cancer research have unveiled a significant yet previously underappreciated aspect of oncology: the presence and role of intratumoral microbiota. These microbial residents, encompassing bacteria, fungi, and viruses within tumor tissues, have been found to exert considerable influence on tumor development, progression, and the efficacy of therapeutic interventions. This review aims to synthesize these groundbreaking discoveries, providing an integrated overview of the identification, characterization, and functional roles of intratumoral microbiota in cancer biology. We focus on elucidating the complex interactions between these microorganisms and the tumor microenvironment, highlighting their potential as novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets. The purpose of this review is to offer a comprehensive understanding of the microbial dimension in cancer, paving the way for innovative approaches in cancer diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shusheng Che
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao 266005, Shandong, China
| | - Zhiyong Yan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao 266005, Shandong, China
| | - Yugong Feng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao 266005, Shandong, China
| | - Hai Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao 266005, Shandong, China
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3
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Zhou Y, Tao L, Qiu J, Xu J, Yang X, Zhang Y, Tian X, Guan X, Cen X, Zhao Y. Tumor biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis and targeted therapy. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:132. [PMID: 38763973 PMCID: PMC11102923 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01823-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Tumor biomarkers, the substances which are produced by tumors or the body's responses to tumors during tumorigenesis and progression, have been demonstrated to possess critical and encouraging value in screening and early diagnosis, prognosis prediction, recurrence detection, and therapeutic efficacy monitoring of cancers. Over the past decades, continuous progress has been made in exploring and discovering novel, sensitive, specific, and accurate tumor biomarkers, which has significantly promoted personalized medicine and improved the outcomes of cancer patients, especially advances in molecular biology technologies developed for the detection of tumor biomarkers. Herein, we summarize the discovery and development of tumor biomarkers, including the history of tumor biomarkers, the conventional and innovative technologies used for biomarker discovery and detection, the classification of tumor biomarkers based on tissue origins, and the application of tumor biomarkers in clinical cancer management. In particular, we highlight the recent advancements in biomarker-based anticancer-targeted therapies which are emerging as breakthroughs and promising cancer therapeutic strategies. We also discuss limitations and challenges that need to be addressed and provide insights and perspectives to turn challenges into opportunities in this field. Collectively, the discovery and application of multiple tumor biomarkers emphasized in this review may provide guidance on improved precision medicine, broaden horizons in future research directions, and expedite the clinical classification of cancer patients according to their molecular biomarkers rather than organs of origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhou
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Lei Tao
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jiahao Qiu
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xinyu Yang
- West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- School of Medicine, Tibet University, Lhasa, 850000, China
| | - Xinyu Tian
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xinqi Guan
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xiaobo Cen
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yinglan Zhao
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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4
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Trecarten S, Fongang B, Liss M. Current Trends and Challenges of Microbiome Research in Prostate Cancer. Curr Oncol Rep 2024; 26:477-487. [PMID: 38573440 DOI: 10.1007/s11912-024-01520-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The role of the gut microbiome in prostate cancer is an emerging area of research interest. However, no single causative organism has yet been identified. The goal of this paper is to examine the role of the microbiome in prostate cancer and summarize the challenges relating to methodology in specimen collection, sequencing technology, and interpretation of results. RECENT FINDINGS Significant heterogeneity still exists in methodology for stool sampling/storage, preservative options, DNA extraction, and sequencing database selection/in silico processing. Debate persists over primer choice in amplicon sequencing as well as optimal methods for data normalization. Statistical methods for longitudinal microbiome analysis continue to undergo refinement. While standardization of methodology may help yield more consistent results for organism identification in prostate cancer, this is a difficult task due to considerable procedural variation at each step in the process. Further reproducibility and methodology research is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaun Trecarten
- Department of Urology, UT Health San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Bernard Fongang
- Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's & Neurodegenerative Diseases, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Department of Population Health Sciences, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Michael Liss
- Department of Urology, UT Health San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA.
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5
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Hurst R, Brewer DS, Gihawi A, Wain J, Cooper CS. Cancer invasion and anaerobic bacteria: new insights into mechanisms. J Med Microbiol 2024; 73:001817. [PMID: 38535967 PMCID: PMC10995961 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.001817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Abstract
There is growing evidence that altered microbiota abundance of a range of specific anaerobic bacteria are associated with cancer, including Peptoniphilus spp., Porphyromonas spp., Fusobacterium spp., Fenollaria spp., Prevotella spp., Sneathia spp., Veillonella spp. and Anaerococcus spp. linked to multiple cancer types. In this review we explore these pathogenic associations. The mechanisms by which bacteria are known or predicted to interact with human cells are reviewed and we present an overview of the interlinked mechanisms and hypotheses of how multiple intracellular anaerobic bacterial pathogens may act together to cause host cell and tissue microenvironment changes associated with carcinogenesis and cancer cell invasion. These include combined effects on changes in cell signalling, DNA damage, cellular metabolism and immune evasion. Strategies for early detection and eradication of anaerobic cancer-associated bacterial pathogens that may prevent cancer progression are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Hurst
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk, NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Daniel S. Brewer
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk, NR4 7TJ, UK
- Earlham Institute, Norwich Research Park Innovation Centre, Colney Lane, Norwich NR4 7UZ, UK
| | - Abraham Gihawi
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk, NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - John Wain
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk, NR4 7TJ, UK
- Quadram Institute Biosciences, Colney Lane, Norwich, Norfolk, NR4 7UQ, UK
| | - Colin S. Cooper
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk, NR4 7TJ, UK
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6
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Kim SJ, Park M, Choi A, Yoo S. Microbiome and Prostate Cancer: Emerging Diagnostic and Therapeutic Opportunities. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:112. [PMID: 38256945 PMCID: PMC10819128 DOI: 10.3390/ph17010112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
This review systematically addresses the correlation between the microbiome and prostate cancer and explores its diagnostic and therapeutic implications. Recent research has indicated an association between the urinary and gut microbiome composition and prostate cancer incidence and progression. Specifically, the urinary microbiome is a potential non-invasive biomarker for early detection and risk evaluation, with altered microbial profiles in prostate cancer patients. This represents an advancement in non-invasive diagnostic approaches to prostate cancer. The role of the gut microbiome in the efficacy of various cancer therapies has recently gained attention. Gut microbiota variations can affect the metabolism and effectiveness of standard treatment modalities, including chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and hormone therapy. This review explores the potential of gut microbiome modification through dietary interventions, prebiotics, probiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation for improving the treatment response and mitigating adverse effects. Moreover, this review discusses the potential of microbiome profiling for patient stratification and personalized treatment strategies. While the current research identifies the pivotal role of the microbiome in prostate cancer, it also highlights the necessity for further investigations to fully understand these complex interactions and their practical applications in improving patient outcomes in prostate cancer management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Jin Kim
- Department of Urology, Gangneung Asan Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Gangneung 25440, Republic of Korea;
| | - Myungchan Park
- Department of Urology, Haeundae Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan 47392, Republic of Korea;
| | - Ahnryul Choi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medical Convergence, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung 25601, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangjun Yoo
- Department of Urology, SNU-SMG Boramae Medical Center, Seoul 07061, Republic of Korea
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7
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Kiś J, Góralczyk M, Sikora D, Stępień E, Drop B, Polz-Dacewicz M. Can the Epstein-Barr Virus Play a Role in the Development of Prostate Cancer? Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:328. [PMID: 38254816 PMCID: PMC10814141 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16020328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the fourth most frequently diagnosed cancer worldwide, accounting for 7.3% of all cancers. PCa mortality is the fifth most common cause of cancer death. Despite well-known factors influencing the development of PCa, such as age, race/ethnicity and family history, many researchers have raised the possibility of persistent infections with oncogenic viruses. Therefore, we aimed to assess the frequency of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA in tissue collected from PCa patients. Next, the frequency and the level of Epstein-Barr virus capsid antigen (EBVCA) and Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen 1 (EBNA1) antibodies in both IgA and IgG classes were measured. The antibody titer was also analyzed depending on the risk group, Gleason score (GS) and tumor, node, metastasis (TNM) classification. Serum samples were analyzed using the Microblot-Array EBV IgM, IgA and IgG test kits. The study group consisted of 115 patients diagnosed and histopathologically confirmed with PCa. In 49% of patients included in the study, EBV DNA was detected in the tumor tissue. The studies showed both higher seroprevalence and higher antibody titers in patients with EBV-positive PCa compared to patients with EBV-negative PCa. We also observed a dependence of antibody titer on pathological features, such as GS, risk group and T stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacek Kiś
- 1st Clinical Military Hospital with Outpatient Clinic in Lublin, 20-049 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Magdalena Góralczyk
- Department of Virology with Viral Diagnostics Laboratory, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (D.S.); (E.S.); (M.P.-D.)
| | - Dominika Sikora
- Department of Virology with Viral Diagnostics Laboratory, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (D.S.); (E.S.); (M.P.-D.)
| | - Ewa Stępień
- Department of Virology with Viral Diagnostics Laboratory, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (D.S.); (E.S.); (M.P.-D.)
| | - Bartłomiej Drop
- Department of Medical Informatics and Statistics with e-Health Lab, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Małgorzata Polz-Dacewicz
- Department of Virology with Viral Diagnostics Laboratory, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (D.S.); (E.S.); (M.P.-D.)
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8
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Pernigoni N, Guo C, Gallagher L, Yuan W, Colucci M, Troiani M, Liu L, Maraccani L, Guccini I, Migliorini D, de Bono J, Alimonti A. The potential role of the microbiota in prostate cancer pathogenesis and treatment. Nat Rev Urol 2023; 20:706-718. [PMID: 37491512 DOI: 10.1038/s41585-023-00795-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
The human body hosts a complex and dynamic population of trillions of microorganisms - the microbiota - which influences the body in homeostasis and disease, including cancer. Several epidemiological studies have associated specific urinary and gut microbial species with increased risk of prostate cancer; however, causal mechanistic data remain elusive. Studies have associated bacterial generation of genotoxins with the occurrence of TMPRSS2-ERG gene fusions, a common, early oncogenic event during prostate carcinogenesis. A subsequent study demonstrated the role of the gut microbiota in prostate cancer endocrine resistance, which occurs, at least partially, through the generation of androgenic steroids fuelling oncogenic signalling via the androgen receptor. These studies present mechanistic evidence of how the host microbiota might be implicated in prostate carcinogenesis and tumour progression. Importantly, these findings also reveal potential avenues for the detection and treatment of prostate cancer through the profiling and modulation of the host microbiota. The latter could involve approaches such as the use of faecal microbiota transplantation, prebiotics, probiotics, postbiotics or antibiotics, which can be used independently or combined with existing treatments to reverse therapeutic resistance and improve clinical outcomes in patients with prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolò Pernigoni
- Institute of Oncology Research, Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Christina Guo
- Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK
| | | | - Wei Yuan
- Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Manuel Colucci
- Institute of Oncology Research, Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
- Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Martina Troiani
- Institute of Oncology Research, Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Lei Liu
- Institute of Oncology Research, Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Luisa Maraccani
- Institute of Oncology Research, Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padova, Italy
| | - Ilaria Guccini
- Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Denis Migliorini
- Department of Oncology, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
- Center for Translational Research in Onco-Hematology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Swiss Cancer Center Léman, Lausanne and Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- AGORA Cancer Research Center, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Johann de Bono
- Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK
| | - Andrea Alimonti
- Institute of Oncology Research, Bellinzona, Switzerland.
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland.
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padova, Italy.
- Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, EOC, Bellinzona, Switzerland.
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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Sharma S, Sharma H, Gogoi H. Bacterial immunotherapy: is it a weapon in our arsenal in the fight against cancer? Front Immunol 2023; 14:1277677. [PMID: 38090593 PMCID: PMC10711065 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1277677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Advances in understanding the genetic basis of cancer have driven alternative treatment approaches. Recent findings have demonstrated the potential of bacteria and it's components to serve as robust theranostic agents for cancer eradication. Compared to traditional cancer therapies like surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, bacteria mediated tumor therapy has exhibited superior cancer suppressing property which is attributed a lot to it's tumor proliferating and accumulating characteristics. Genetically modified bacteria has reduced inherent toxicity and enhanced specificity towards tumor microenvironment. This anti- tumor activity of bacteria is attributed to its toxins and other active components from the cell membrane, cell wall and spores. Furthermore, bacterial genes can be regulated to express and deliver cytokines, antibodies and cancer therapeutics. Although there is less clinical data available, the pre- clinical research clearly indicates the feasibility and potential of bacteria- mediated cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubhra Sharma
- Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
| | - Himani Sharma
- Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
| | - Himanshu Gogoi
- Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, National Capital Region (NCR) Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, India
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10
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Meng YF, Fan ZY, Zhou B, Zhan HX. Role of the intratumoral microbiome in tumor progression and therapeutics implications. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:189014. [PMID: 37918451 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.189014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Microbes are widely present in various organs of the human body and play important roles in numerous physiological and pathological processes. Nevertheless, owing to multiple limiting factors, such as contamination and low biomass, the current understanding of the intratumoral microbiome is limited. The intratumoral microbiome exerts tumor-promoting or tumor-suppressive effects by engaging in metabolic reactions within the body, regulating signaling cancer-related pathways, and impacting both host cells function and immune system. It is important to emphasize that intratumoral microbes exhibit substantial heterogeneity in terms of composition and abundance across various tumor types, thereby potentially influencing diverse aspects of tumorigenesis, progression, and metastasis. These findings suggest that intratumoral microbiome have great potential as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. By manipulating the intratumoral microbes to employ cancer therapy, the efficacy of chemotherapy or immunotherapy can be enhanced while minimizing adverse effects. In this review, we comprehensively describe the composition and function of the intratumoral microbiome in various human solid tumors. Combining recent advancements in research, we discuss the origins, mechanisms, and prospects of the clinical applications of intratumoral microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Fan Meng
- Division of Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Zhi-Yao Fan
- Division of Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Bin Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Retroperitoneal Tumor Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Han-Xiang Zhan
- Division of Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China.
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11
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Bouezzedine F, El Baba R, Haidar Ahmad S, Herbein G. Polyploid Giant Cancer Cells Generated from Human Cytomegalovirus-Infected Prostate Epithelial Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4994. [PMID: 37894361 PMCID: PMC10604969 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15204994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate cancer is the most commonly diagnosed malignancy and the sixth leading cause of cancer death in men worldwide. Chromosomal instability (CIN) and polyploid giant cancer cells (PGCCs) have been considered predominant hallmarks of cancer. Recent clinical studies have proven the association of CIN, aneuploidy, and PGCCs with poor prognosis of prostate cancer (PCa). Evidence of HCMV transforming potential might indicate that HCMV may be involved in PCa. METHODS Herein, we underline the role of the high-risk HCMV-DB and -BL clinical strains in transforming prostate epithelial cells and assess the molecular and cellular oncogenic processes associated with PCa. RESULTS Oncogenesis parallels a sustained growth of "CMV-Transformed Prostate epithelial cells" or CTP cells that highly express Myc and EZH2, forming soft agar colonies and displaying stemness as well as mesenchymal features, hence promoting EMT as well as PGCCs and a spheroid appearance. CONCLUSIONS HCMV-induced Myc and EZH2 upregulation coupled with stemness and EMT traits in IE1-expressing CTP might highlight the potential role of HCMV in PCa development and encourage the use of anti-EZH2 and anti-HCMV in PCa treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fidaa Bouezzedine
- Pathogens & Inflammation/EPILAB Laboratory, EA 4266, University of Franche-Comté, 25000 Besançon, France; (F.B.); (R.E.B.); (S.H.A.)
| | - Ranim El Baba
- Pathogens & Inflammation/EPILAB Laboratory, EA 4266, University of Franche-Comté, 25000 Besançon, France; (F.B.); (R.E.B.); (S.H.A.)
| | - Sandy Haidar Ahmad
- Pathogens & Inflammation/EPILAB Laboratory, EA 4266, University of Franche-Comté, 25000 Besançon, France; (F.B.); (R.E.B.); (S.H.A.)
| | - Georges Herbein
- Pathogens & Inflammation/EPILAB Laboratory, EA 4266, University of Franche-Comté, 25000 Besançon, France; (F.B.); (R.E.B.); (S.H.A.)
- Department of Virology, CHU Besançon, 25030 Besançon, France
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12
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Chinna P, Bratl K, Lambarey H, Blumenthal MJ, Schäfer G. The Impact of Co-Infections for Human Gammaherpesvirus Infection and Associated Pathologies. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13066. [PMID: 37685871 PMCID: PMC10487760 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The two oncogenic human gammaherpesviruses Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) cause significant disease burden, particularly in immunosuppressed individuals. Both viruses display latent and lytic phases of their life cycle with different outcomes for their associated pathologies. The high prevalence of infectious diseases in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), particularly HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria, and more recently, COVID-19, as well as their associated inflammatory responses, could potentially impact either virus' infectious course. However, acute or lytically active EBV and/or KSHV infections often present with symptoms mimicking these predominant diseases leading to misdiagnosis or underdiagnosis of oncogenic herpesvirus-associated pathologies. EBV and/or KSHV infections are generally acquired early in life and remain latent until lytic reactivation is triggered by various stimuli. This review summarizes known associations between infectious agents prevalent in SSA and underlying EBV and/or KSHV infection. While presenting an overview of both viruses' biphasic life cycles, this review aims to highlight the importance of co-infections in the correct identification of risk factors for and diagnoses of EBV- and/or KSHV-associated pathologies, particularly in SSA, where both oncogenic herpesviruses as well as other infectious agents are highly pervasive and can lead to substantial morbidity and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prishanta Chinna
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Cape Town 7925, South Africa; (P.C.); (K.B.); (H.L.); (M.J.B.)
- Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine (IDM), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
- Division of Medical Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
| | - Katrin Bratl
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Cape Town 7925, South Africa; (P.C.); (K.B.); (H.L.); (M.J.B.)
- Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine (IDM), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
- Division of Medical Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
| | - Humaira Lambarey
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Cape Town 7925, South Africa; (P.C.); (K.B.); (H.L.); (M.J.B.)
- Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine (IDM), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
- Division of Medical Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
| | - Melissa J. Blumenthal
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Cape Town 7925, South Africa; (P.C.); (K.B.); (H.L.); (M.J.B.)
- Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine (IDM), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
- Division of Medical Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
| | - Georgia Schäfer
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Cape Town 7925, South Africa; (P.C.); (K.B.); (H.L.); (M.J.B.)
- Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine (IDM), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
- Division of Medical Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
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13
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Miya TV, Marima R, Damane BP, Ledet EM, Dlamini Z. Dissecting Microbiome-Derived SCFAs in Prostate Cancer: Analyzing Gut Microbiota, Racial Disparities, and Epigenetic Mechanisms. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4086. [PMID: 37627114 PMCID: PMC10452611 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15164086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) continues to be the most diagnosed cancer and the second primary cause of fatalities in men globally. There is an abundance of scientific evidence suggesting that the human microbiome, together with its metabolites, plays a crucial role in carcinogenesis and has a significant impact on the efficacy of anticancer interventions in solid and hematological cancers. These anticancer interventions include chemotherapy, immune checkpoint inhibitors, and targeted therapies. Furthermore, the microbiome can influence systemic and local immune responses using numerous metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Despite the lack of scientific data in terms of the role of SCFAs in PCa pathogenesis, recent studies show that SCFAs have a profound impact on PCa progression. Several studies have reported racial/ethnic disparities in terms of bacterial content in the gut microbiome and SCFA composition. These studies explored microbiome and SCFA racial/ethnic disparities in cancers such as colorectal, colon, cervical, breast, and endometrial cancer. Notably, there are currently no published studies exploring microbiome/SCFA composition racial disparities and their role in PCa carcinogenesis. This review discusses the potential role of the microbiome in PCa development and progression. The involvement of microbiome-derived SCFAs in facilitating PCa carcinogenesis and their effect on PCa therapeutic response, particularly immunotherapy, are discussed. Racial/ethnic differences in microbiome composition and SCFA content in various cancers are also discussed. Lastly, the effects of SCFAs on PCa progression via epigenetic modifications is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thabiso Victor Miya
- SAMRC Precision Oncology Research Unit (PORU), DSI/NRF SARChI Chair in Precision Oncology and Cancer Prevention (POCP), Pan African Cancer Research Institute (PACRI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0028, South Africa
| | - Rahaba Marima
- SAMRC Precision Oncology Research Unit (PORU), DSI/NRF SARChI Chair in Precision Oncology and Cancer Prevention (POCP), Pan African Cancer Research Institute (PACRI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0028, South Africa
| | - Botle Precious Damane
- Department of Surgery, Level 7, Bridge E, Steve Biko Academic Hospital, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0007, South Africa
| | - Elisa Marie Ledet
- Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane Medical School, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Zodwa Dlamini
- SAMRC Precision Oncology Research Unit (PORU), DSI/NRF SARChI Chair in Precision Oncology and Cancer Prevention (POCP), Pan African Cancer Research Institute (PACRI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0028, South Africa
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14
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Opeyemi Bello R, Willis-Powell L, James O, Sharma A, Marsh E, Ellis L, Gaston K, Siddiqui Y. Does Human Papillomavirus Play a Causative Role in Prostate Cancer? A Systematic Review Using Bradford Hill's Criteria. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3897. [PMID: 37568712 PMCID: PMC10416874 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15153897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Globally, prostate cancer is the fifth most common cause of cancer-related death among men, and metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer has a high cancer-related mortality rate. However, the aetiology of this disease is not yet fully understood. While human papillomavirus (HPV) has been associated with several types of cancer, including cervical, anal, and oropharyngeal cancers, studies investigating the relationship between HPV and prostate cancer have shown mixed results. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the causative association between HPV and prostate cancer using Bradford Hill's criteria. A comprehensive search of PubMed was conducted, and 60 out of 482 studies were included in the review. The included studies were evaluated based on nine Bradford Hill criteria, and information on the identification and transmission of the virus and potential oncogenic mechanisms was also extracted. The strength of association criterion was not met, and other criteria, such as consistency and coherence, were not fulfilled. However, biological plausibility was supported, and potential oncogenic mechanisms were identified. While some studies have reported the presence of HPV in prostate cancer tissues, the overall quality of evidence remains low, and the association between HPV and prostate cancer is weak. Nevertheless, the prostate is a potential reservoir for the transmission of HPV, and the HPV E6 and E7 oncoproteins and inflammation are likely to be involved in any oncogenic mechanisms. Further studies with a higher level of evidence are needed to establish a definitive link between HPV and prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ridwan Opeyemi Bello
- School of Human Sciences, College of Science and Engineering, University of Derby, Derby DE22 1GB, UK; (R.O.B.); (E.M.)
| | - Lily Willis-Powell
- School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2QL, UK (K.G.)
| | - Olivia James
- School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2QL, UK (K.G.)
| | - Avyay Sharma
- School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2QL, UK (K.G.)
| | - Elizabeth Marsh
- School of Human Sciences, College of Science and Engineering, University of Derby, Derby DE22 1GB, UK; (R.O.B.); (E.M.)
| | - Libby Ellis
- School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2QL, UK (K.G.)
| | - Kevin Gaston
- School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2QL, UK (K.G.)
| | - Yusra Siddiqui
- School of Human Sciences, College of Science and Engineering, University of Derby, Derby DE22 1GB, UK; (R.O.B.); (E.M.)
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15
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Vlajic K, Pennington Kluger H, Bie W, Merrill BJ, Nonn L, Kajdacsy-Balla A, Tyner AL. Appearance of tuft cells during prostate cancer progression. Oncogene 2023; 42:2374-2385. [PMID: 37386128 PMCID: PMC10374444 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-023-02743-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Tuft cells are chemosensory epithelial cells that increase in number following infection or injury to robustly activate the innate immune response to alleviate or promote disease. Recent studies of castration resistant prostate cancer and its subtype, neuroendocrine prostate cancer, revealed Pou2f3+ populations in mouse models. The transcription factor Pou2f3 is a master regulator of the tuft cell lineage. We show that tuft cells are upregulated early during prostate cancer development, and their numbers increase with progression. Cancer-associated tuft cells in the mouse prostate express DCLK1, COX1, COX2, while human tuft cells express COX1. Mouse and human tuft cells exhibit strong activation of signaling pathways including EGFR and SRC-family kinases. While DCLK1 is a mouse tuft cell marker, it is not present in human prostate tuft cells. Tuft cells that appear in mouse models of prostate cancer display genotype-specific tuft cell gene expression signatures. Using bioinformatic analysis tools and publicly available datasets, we characterized prostate tuft cells in aggressive disease and highlighted differences between tuft cell populations. Our findings indicate that tuft cells contribute to the prostate cancer microenvironment and may promote development of more advanced disease. Further research is needed to understand contributions of tuft cells to prostate cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarina Vlajic
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA
| | - Hannah Pennington Kluger
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA
| | - Wenjun Bie
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA
| | - Bradley J Merrill
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA
- The University of Illinois Cancer Center, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA
| | - Larisa Nonn
- The University of Illinois Cancer Center, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA
- The Department of Pathology, at the University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA
| | - Andre Kajdacsy-Balla
- The University of Illinois Cancer Center, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA
- The Department of Pathology, at the University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA
| | - Angela L Tyner
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA.
- The University of Illinois Cancer Center, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA.
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16
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Kim JH, Seo H, Kim S, Ul-Haq A, Rahim MA, Jo S, Song HY, Song YS. Biochemical Recurrence in Prostate Cancer Is Associated with the Composition of Lactobacillus: Microbiome Analysis of Prostatic Tissue. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10423. [PMID: 37445601 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Many human pathologies, such as malignancy, are linked with specific bacteria and changes in the constituents of the microbiome. In order to examine the association between an imbalance of bacteria and prostate carcinoma, a comparison of the microbiomes present in patients with biochemical recurrence (BCR) or NO BCR (NBCR) was performed. Additionally, 16S rRNA-based next-generation sequencing was applied to identify the bacterial profiles within these tumors in terms of the bacteria and operational genes present. The percentage average taxonomic composition between the taxa indicated no difference between BCR and NBCR. In addition, alpha and beta diversity indices presented no distinction between the cohorts in any statistical method. However, taxonomic biomarker discovery indicated a relatively higher population of Lactobacillus in the NBCR group, and this finding was supported by PCR data. Along with that, differences in the operational activity of the bacterial genes were also determined. It is proposed that the biochemical recurrence was linked to the quantity of Lactobacillus present. The aim of this study was to investigate the microbiome involved in prostate carcinoma and the potential association between them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Heon Kim
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Seoul 04401, Republic of Korea
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Chungnam 31151, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoonhee Seo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Chungnam 31151, Republic of Korea
- Probiotics Microbiome Convergence Center, Soonchunhyang University, Chungnam 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Sukyung Kim
- Probiotics Microbiome Convergence Center, Soonchunhyang University, Chungnam 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Asad Ul-Haq
- Probiotics Microbiome Convergence Center, Soonchunhyang University, Chungnam 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Md Abdur Rahim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Chungnam 31151, Republic of Korea
- Probiotics Microbiome Convergence Center, Soonchunhyang University, Chungnam 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Sujin Jo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Chungnam 31151, Republic of Korea
- Probiotics Microbiome Convergence Center, Soonchunhyang University, Chungnam 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Yeon Song
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Chungnam 31151, Republic of Korea
- Probiotics Microbiome Convergence Center, Soonchunhyang University, Chungnam 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Seob Song
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Seoul 04401, Republic of Korea
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17
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Lin M, Sun X, Lv L. New insights and options into the mechanisms and effects of combined targeted therapy and immunotherapy in prostate cancer. Mol Ther Oncolytics 2023; 29:91-106. [PMID: 37215386 PMCID: PMC10199166 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2023.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammation is believed to drive prostate carcinogenesis by producing reactive oxygen species or reactive nitrogen species to induce DNA damage. This effect might subsequently cause epigenetic and genomic alterations, leading to malignant transformation. Although established therapeutic advances have extended overall survival, tumors in patients with advanced prostate cancer are prone to metastasis, transformation into metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer, and therapeutic resistance. The tumor microenvironment (TME) of prostate cancer is involved in carcinogenesis, invasion and drug resistance. A plethora of preclinical studies have focused on immune-based therapies. Understanding the intricate TME system in prostate cancer may hold much promise for developing novel therapies, designing combinational therapeutic strategies, and further overcoming resistance to established treatments to improve the lives of prostate cancer patients. In this review, we discuss nonimmune components and various immune cells within the TME and their putative roles during prostate cancer initiation, progression, and metastasis. We also outline the updated fundamental research focusing on therapeutic advances of targeted therapy as well as combinational options for prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingen Lin
- Nourse Centre for Pet Nutrition, Wuhu 241200, China
| | - Xue Sun
- Nourse Centre for Pet Nutrition, Wuhu 241200, China
| | - Lei Lv
- Nourse Centre for Pet Nutrition, Wuhu 241200, China
- Shanghai Chowsing Pet Products Co., Ltd, Shanghai 201103, China
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18
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Ma Z, Wang H, Shi Z, Yan F, Li Q, Chen J, Cui ZK, Zhang Y, Jin X, Jia YG, Wang L. Inhalable GSH-Triggered Nanoparticles to Treat Commensal Bacterial Infection in In Situ Lung Tumors. ACS NANO 2023; 17:5740-5756. [PMID: 36884352 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c12165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial infection has been considered one of the primary reasons for low survival rate of lung cancer patients. Herein, we demonstrated that a kind of mesoporous silica nanoparticles loaded with anticancer drug doxorubicin (DOX) and antimicrobial peptide HHC36 (AMP) (MSN@DOX-AMP) can kill both commensal bacteria and tumor cells under GSH-triggering, modulating the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, significantly treating commensal bacterial infection, and eliminating in situ lung tumors in a commensal model. Meanwhile, MSN@DOX-AMP encapsulated DOX and AMP highly efficiently via a combined strategy of physical adsorption and click chemistry and exhibited excellent hemocompatibility and biocompatibility. Importantly, MSN@DOX-AMP could be inhaled and accumulate in lung by a needle-free nebulization, achieving a better therapeutic effect. This system is expected to serve as a straightforward platform to treat commensal bacterial infections in tumors and promote the translation of such inhaled GSH-triggered MSN@DOX-AMP to clinical treatments of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zunwei Ma
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Huaiming Wang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, the Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510655, China
| | - Zhifeng Shi
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Fengying Yan
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Qingtao Li
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Junjian Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Guangdong Province, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhong-Kai Cui
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yunjiao Zhang
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xin Jin
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yong-Guang Jia
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Lin Wang
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
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19
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DiPalma MP, Blattman JN. The impact of microbiome dysbiosis on T cell function within the tumor microenvironment (TME). Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1141215. [PMID: 37009485 PMCID: PMC10063789 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1141215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Insights into the effect of the microbiome’s composition on immune cell function have recently been discerned and further characterized. Microbiome dysbiosis can result in functional alterations across immune cells, including those required for innate and adaptive immune responses to malignancies and immunotherapy treatment. Dysbiosis can yield changes in or elimination of metabolite secretions, such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), from certain bacterial species that are believed to impact proper immune cell function. Such alterations within the tumor microenvironment (TME) can significantly affect T cell function and survival necessary for eliminating cancerous cells. Understanding these effects is essential to improve the immune system’s ability to fight malignancies and the subsequent efficacy of immunotherapies that rely on T cells. In this review, we assess typical T cell response to malignancies, classify the known impact of the microbiome and particular metabolites on T cells, discuss how dysbiosis can affect their function in the TME then further describe the impact of the microbiome on T cell-based immunotherapy treatment, with an emphasis on recent developments in the field. Understanding the impact of dysbiosis on T cell function within the TME can carry substantial implications for the design of immunotherapy treatments and further our understanding of factors that could impact how the immune system combats malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle P. DiPalma
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States
- Biodesign Institute, Center for Immunotherapy, Vaccines and Virotherapy (CIVV), Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States
| | - Joseph N. Blattman
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States
- Biodesign Institute, Center for Immunotherapy, Vaccines and Virotherapy (CIVV), Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States
- *Correspondence: Joseph N. Blattman,
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20
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Xu S, Xiong Y, Fu B, Guo D, Sha Z, Lin X, Wu H. Bacteria and macrophages in the tumor microenvironment. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1115556. [PMID: 36825088 PMCID: PMC9941202 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1115556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer and microbial infections are significant worldwide health challenges. Numerous studies have demonstrated that bacteria may contribute to the emergence of cancer. In this review, we assemble bacterial species discovered in various cancers to describe their variety and specificity. The relationship between bacteria and macrophages in cancer is also highlighted, and we look for ample proof to establish a biological basis for bacterial-induced macrophage polarization. Finally, we quickly go over the potential roles of metabolites, cytokines, and microRNAs in the regulation of the tumor microenvironment by bacterially activated macrophages. The complexity of bacteria and macrophages in cancer will be revealed as we gain a better understanding of their pathogenic mechanisms, which will lead to new therapeutic approaches for both inflammatory illnesses and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Beibei Fu
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Dong Guo
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhou Sha
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
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21
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Intratumoral microbiota: roles in cancer initiation, development and therapeutic efficacy. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:35. [PMID: 36646684 PMCID: PMC9842669 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01304-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 77.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and other eukaryotes, play critical roles in human health. An altered microbiome can be associated with complex diseases. Intratumoral microbial components are found in multiple tumor tissues and are closely correlated with cancer initiation and development and therapy efficacy. The intratumoral microbiota may contribute to promotion of the initiation and progression of cancers by DNA mutations, activating carcinogenic pathways, promoting chronic inflammation, complement system, and initiating metastasis. Moreover, the intratumoral microbiota may not only enhance antitumor immunity via mechanisms including STING signaling activation, T and NK cell activation, TLS production, and intratumoral microbiota-derived antigen presenting, but also decrease antitumor immune responses and promote cancer progression through pathways including upregulation of ROS, promoting an anti-inflammatory environment, T cell inactivation, and immunosuppression. The effect of intratumoral microbiota on antitumor immunity is dependent on microbiota composition, crosstalk between microbiota and the cancer, and status of cancers. The intratumoral microbiota may regulate cancer cell physiology and the immune response by different signaling pathways, including ROS, β-catenin, TLR, ERK, NF-κB, and STING, among others. These viewpoints may help identify the microbiota as diagnosis or prognosis evaluation of cancers, and as new therapeutic strategy and potential therapeutic targets for cancer therapy.
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22
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Pereira NM, Martins EAC, Quintela MG, da Cunha AA, dos Santos MM, Waisberg J. Presence of HPV in prostate tissue from patients submitted to prostate biopsy. Acta Cir Bras 2023; 37:e371205. [PMID: 36651430 PMCID: PMC9839154 DOI: 10.1590/acb371205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most frequent cancer among men in the Western population. Infections, such as the one caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV), have been shown to promote inflammation that can lead to the appearance of neoplasms. This study aimed to verify the presence of HPV in neoplastic and non-neoplastic prostate tissue in patients undergoing prostate biopsy and its possible relationship with PCa. METHODS Prostate tissue fragments were collected by prostate biopsy and subjected to polymerase chain reaction with primers for the HPV L1 gene to identify the presence of the virus. RESULTS Among 162 patients, 10 (6.2%) had HPV and in 152 (93.8%) HPV was not identified in prostate biopsies. HPV was detected in 7/95 (7.4%) of patients with PCa, in 2/55 (3.6%) of patients without PCa, and in no patient with an inconclusive diagnosis of PCa. There was no significant difference (p = 0.487) of HPV presence in the tissue of patients with PCa. CONCLUSIONS There were no significant levels of HPV L1 protein in prostate tissue. The findings suggest the absence of HPV oncogenic activity in the prostate tissue of patients with PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nalisson Marques Pereira
- MSc, associate professor. Universidade Federal do Amapá – Department of Medicine – Macapá (AP), Brazil.,Corresponding author:
- (55 96) 988015303
| | | | - Mateus Goes Quintela
- MSc. Universidade Federal do Amapá – Department of Medicine – Macapá (AP), Brazil
| | - Arthur Arantes da Cunha
- Graduate student. Universidade Federal do Amapá – Department of Medicine – Macapá (AP), Brazil
| | | | - Jaques Waisberg
- PhD, full professor. Faculdade de Medicina do ABC – Department of Surgery – Santo André (SP), Brazil
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23
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Kustrimovic N, Bombelli R, Baci D, Mortara L. Microbiome and Prostate Cancer: A Novel Target for Prevention and Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021511. [PMID: 36675055 PMCID: PMC9860633 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Growing evidence of the microbiome's role in human health and disease has emerged since the creation of the Human Microbiome Project. Recent studies suggest that alterations in microbiota composition (dysbiosis) may play an essential role in the occurrence, development, and prognosis of prostate cancer (PCa), which remains the second most frequent male malignancy worldwide. Current advances in biological technologies, such as high-throughput sequencing, transcriptomics, and metabolomics, have enabled research on the gut, urinary, and intra-prostate microbiome signature and the correlation with local and systemic inflammation, host immunity response, and PCa progression. Several microbial species and their metabolites facilitate PCa insurgence through genotoxin-mediated mutagenesis or by driving tumor-promoting inflammation and dysfunctional immunosurveillance. However, the impact of the microbiome on PCa development, progression, and response to treatment is complex and needs to be fully understood. This review addresses the current knowledge on the host-microbe interaction and the risk of PCa, providing novel insights into the intraprostatic, gut, and urinary microbiome mechanisms leading to PCa carcinogenesis and treatment response. In this paper, we provide a detailed overview of diet changes, gut microbiome, and emerging therapeutic approaches related to the microbiome and PCa. Further investigation on the prostate-related microbiome and large-scale clinical trials testing the efficacy of microbiota modulation approaches may improve patient outcomes while fulfilling the literature gap of microbial-immune-cancer-cell mechanistic interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasa Kustrimovic
- Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease—CAAD, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Raffaella Bombelli
- Immunology and General Pathology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Denisa Baci
- Immunology and General Pathology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
- Molecular Cardiology Laboratory, IRCCS-Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Mortara
- Immunology and General Pathology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
- Correspondence:
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24
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Malignant Prostate Tissue Is Associated with Different Microbiome Gene Functions. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13020278. [PMID: 36673088 PMCID: PMC9858038 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13020278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Specific microorganisms and changes in the constituents of the microbiome are linked with pathologies in humans, such as malignancy. Within the prostate, certain bacterial communities may locate advantageous conditions and establish themselves, thus outperforming alternative species. In this study, a comparison of malignant (MT) and benign prostate tissues (BT) or benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) was performed in order to delineate the respective microbiomes in each sample type and to determine their pertinence to prostatic tumourigenesis. Specimens of MT (n = 26) and PT (n = 13)/BPH (n = 10) were acquired from patients. No variations in the make-up of the microbiome were seen when MT and PT specimens were compared. Changes in the bacterial constituents and functional genes were seen in the specimens obtained from patients with MT when contrasted against samples from those with BPH. Pelomonas was the genus with the highest abundance in MT specimens. It is proposed that dissimilar microbiome gene functions are present in the contexts of MT and PT samples.
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Luciola Zanette D, Andrade Coelho KBC, de Carvalho E, Aoki MN, Nardin JM, Araújo Lalli L, dos Santos Bezerra R, Giovanetti M, Simionatto Zucherato V, Montenegro de Campos G, de Souza Todão Bernardino J, Louis Viala V, Ciccozzi M, Junior Alcantara LC, Coccuzzo Sampaio S, Elias MC, Kashima S, Tadeu Covas D, Nanev Slavov S. Metagenomic insights into the plasma virome of Brazilian patients with prostate cancer. Mol Cell Oncol 2023; 10:2188858. [PMID: 36950183 PMCID: PMC10026895 DOI: 10.1080/23723556.2023.2188858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Growing evidence suggests that metavirome changes could be associated increased risk for malignant cell transformation. Considering Viruses have been proposed as factors for prostate cancer induction. The objective of this study was to examine the composition of the plasma metavirome of patients with prostate cancer. Blood samples were obtained from 49 male patients with primary prostate adenocarcinoma. Thirty blood donors were included as a control group. The obtained next-generation sequencing data were analyzed using a bioinformatic pipeline for virus metagenomics. Viral reads with higher abundance were assembled in contigs and analyzed taxonomically. Viral agents of interest were also confirmed by qPCR. Anelloviruses and the Human Pegivirus-1 (HPgV-1) were the most abundant component of plasma metavirome. Clinically important viruses like hepatitis C virus (HCV), cytomegalovirus and human adenovirus type C were also identified. In comparison, the blood donor virome was exclusively composed of torque teno virus types (TTV) types. The performed HPgV-1 and HCV phylogeny revealed that these viruses belong to commonly detected in Brazil genotypes. Our study sheds light on the plasma viral abundance in patients with prostatic cancer. The obtained viral diversity allowed us to separate the patients and controls, probably suggesting that malignant processes may influence virome composition. More complex and multiple approach investigations are necessary to examine the likely causal relationship between metavirome and its nvolvement in prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalila Luciola Zanette
- Laboratory for Applied Science and Technology in Health, Carlos Chagas Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Professor Algacyr Munhoz Mader, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil
| | | | | | - Mateus Nobrega Aoki
- Laboratory for Applied Science and Technology in Health, Carlos Chagas Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Professor Algacyr Munhoz Mader, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil
| | | | - Larissa Araújo Lalli
- Laboratory for Applied Science and Technology in Health, Carlos Chagas Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Professor Algacyr Munhoz Mader, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil
| | - Rafael dos Santos Bezerra
- Blood Center of Ribeirão Preto, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marta Giovanetti
- Department of Science and Technology for Humans and the Environment, University of Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy
- Laboratory of Flaviviruses, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Victória Simionatto Zucherato
- Blood Center of Ribeirão Preto, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Montenegro de Campos
- Blood Center of Ribeirão Preto, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Massimo Ciccozzi
- Epidemiology and Statistic Unit, University of Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Simone Kashima
- Blood Center of Ribeirão Preto, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Dimas Tadeu Covas
- Butantan Institute, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Blood Center of Ribeirão Preto, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Svetoslav Nanev Slavov
- Butantan Institute, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Blood Center of Ribeirão Preto, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- CONTACT Svetoslav Nanev Slavov Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Department of Biotechnology (NuCeL), Butantan Institute in Ribeirao Preto, 2501 Tenente Catao Roxo Street, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo14051-140, Brazil
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Sun Y, Wen M, Liu Y, Wang Y, Jing P, Gu Z, Jiang T, Wang W. The human microbiome: A promising target for lung cancer treatment. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1091165. [PMID: 36817461 PMCID: PMC9936316 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1091165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, and insights into its underlying mechanisms as well as potential therapeutic strategies are urgently needed. The microbiome plays an important role in human health, and is also responsible for the initiation and progression of lung cancer through its induction of inflammatory responses and participation in immune regulation, as well as for its role in the generation of metabolic disorders and genotoxicity. Here, the distribution of human microflora along with its biological functions, the relationship between the microbiome and clinical characteristics, and the role of the microbiome in clinical treatment of lung cancer were comprehensively reviewed. This review provides a basis for the current understanding of lung cancer mechanisms with a focus on the microbiome, and contributes to future decisions on treatment management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Sun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Miaomiao Wen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yue Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Pengyu Jing
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhongping Gu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wenchen Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
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Interaction of microbiome and immunity in tumorigenesis and clinical treatment. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 156:113894. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Microbiota and prostate cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:1058-1065. [PMID: 34536504 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2021.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer remains the most frequently diagnosed non-skin malignancy in male patients, still representing one of the main causes of cancer-related death worldwide. Evidence is mounting that suggests the putative role of microbiota in the carcinogenesis as well as in modulating the efficacy and activity of anticancer treatments (e.g., chemotherapy, immune checkpoint inhibitors, targeted therapies) in a large number of hematological and solid tumors. However, few data are available regarding the interactions between prostate cancer and microbiome so far, in particular in terms of the impact of microbiota on disease development, pathogenesis, and response to medical treatments in this genitourinary malignancy. Herein, we provide an overview of current knowledge, novel insights and emerging therapeutic approaches related to gastrointestinal and genitourinary microbiome in prostate cancer patients, especially focusing on available evidence and published trials on this topic.
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Qiu Q, Lu D, Liu G, Yang X, Li J, Ren H, Liu J, Sun B, Zhang Y. Colistin Crosslinked Gemcitabine Micelles to Eliminate Tumor Drug Resistance Caused by Intratumoral Microorganisms. Bioconjug Chem 2022; 33:1944-1952. [PMID: 36191256 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.2c00407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In the tumor microenvironment, there exist microorganisms that metabolize anticancer drugs, leading to chemotherapy failure. To solve this problem, herein, we develop antibiotic and anticancer drug co-delivery micelles, termed colistin crosslinked gemcitabine micelle (CCGM). A self-immolative linker enables colistin and gemcitabine to be released on demand without affecting their antibacterial and anticancer effects. Once CCGM is delivered to the tumor microenvironment, intracellular glutathione triggers the release of colistin and gemcitabine, inhibiting the growth of microbes in the tumor, thus eliminating the microbe-induced drug resistance of tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Qiu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China
| | - Di Lu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China
| | - Gengqi Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China
| | - Xingyue Yang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China
| | - Jiexin Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China
| | - He Ren
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China
| | - Jingang Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China
| | - Boyang Sun
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China
| | - Yumiao Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China
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Radej S, Szewc M, Maciejewski R. Prostate Infiltration by Treg and Th17 Cells as an Immune Response to Propionibacterium acnes Infection in the Course of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia and Prostate Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23168849. [PMID: 36012113 PMCID: PMC9408129 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23168849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate cancer (PCa) belong to the most frequent diseases in ageing men. It has been proposed that prostate chronic inflammation is a risk factor for the development of both BPH and PCa. However, potential stimuli that cause or maintain inflammation in the prostate gland are still poorly characterized. Bacterial infections seems to be one of the potential sources of prostatitis. Recent studies show that Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) is the most prevalent microorganism in the prostate gland and may be a predisposing factor for inflammation of prostatic tissue. It indicates that P. acnes may contribute to cancer development by enhancing proinflammatory responses, as well as by modifying the prostate extracellular environment. In this review, we discuss the potential role of P. acnes in the development of BPH and PCa and highlight the importance of regulatory T CD4(+)FoxP3(+) (Treg) and Th17 cells in response to P. acnes infection in the context of both prostate diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Radej
- Department of Normal Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Monika Szewc
- Department of Normal Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Ryszard Maciejewski
- Department of Normal Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
- Institute of Health Sciences, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, 20-708 Lublin, Poland
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31
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Fang Y, Yang G, Yang J, Ren J, You L, Zhao Y. Human microbiota colonization and pancreatic ductal carcinoma. Crit Rev Microbiol 2022:1-14. [PMID: 35924947 DOI: 10.1080/1040841x.2022.2080526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive disease with a high mortality rate and a poor prognosis. The human microbiota has been confirmed to participate in oncogenesis and may influence the treatment response to both chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Evidence for the association of the microbiota with PDAC risk, tumorigenesis, treatment response, and survival period is rapidly emerging. The oral microbiota and gut microbiota have the potential to be used in early diagnosis and risk stratification. Intratumor microbiota-targeted intervention strategies may be used as adjuvants to current treatments to improve therapeutic efficacy and overall survival. Here, we summarize the effect and association of the oral, gut and intratumor microbiota on the oncogenesis, progression and treatment of PDAC, as well as the potential of the microbiota to serve as a biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of PDAC, as well as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Fang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Gang Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jinshou Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Ren
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Lei You
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yupei Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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32
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Chen Y, Wu FH, Wu PQ, Xing HY, Ma T. The Role of The Tumor Microbiome in Tumor Development and Its Treatment. Front Immunol 2022; 13:935846. [PMID: 35911695 PMCID: PMC9334697 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.935846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Commensal bacteria and other microorganisms that reside in the human body are closely associated with the development and treatment of cancers. Recently, tumor microbiome (TM) has been identified in a variety of cancers such as pancreatic, lung, and breast cancers. TM has different compositions in different tumors and has different effects on tumors. TM plays an important role in the formation of the tumor microenvironment, regulation of local immunity, and modification of tumor cell biology, and directly affects the efficacy of drug treatment for tumors. TM is expected to be a biomarker for tumors, and engineered tumor-targeting bacteria and anti-cancer microbial agents (GEN-001) have an important role in the treatment of tumors. This paper reviews the relevant studies on TM in recent years and describes its distribution in different tumors, its correlation with clinical features, its effect on local immunity, and the research directions of TM in tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Chen
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Fa-Hong Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Hepatic-Biliary-Pancreatic Institute, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Peng-Qiang Wu
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Hong-Yun Xing
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Hong-Yun Xing, ; Tao Ma,
| | - Tao Ma
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Hong-Yun Xing, ; Tao Ma,
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Sarkar P, Malik S, Banerjee A, Datta C, Pal DK, Ghosh A, Saha A. Differential Microbial Signature Associated With Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia and Prostate Cancer. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:894777. [PMID: 35865814 PMCID: PMC9294280 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.894777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Apart from other risk factors, chronic inflammation is also associated with the onset of Prostate Cancer (PCa), wherein pathogen infection and tissue microbiome dysbiosis are known to play a major role in both inflammatory response and cancer development. However, except for a few studies, the link between microbes and PCa remained poorly understood. To explore the potential microbiome signature associated with PCa in Indian patients, we investigated differential compositions of commensal bacteria among patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and PCa using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing followed by qPCR analyses using two distinct primer sets. Using two independent cohorts, we show that Prevotella copri, Cupriavidus campinensis, and Propionibacterium acnes represent the three most abundant bacteria in diseased prostate lesions. LEfSe analyses identified that while Cupriavidus taiwanensis and Methylobacterium organophilum are distinctly elevated in PCa samples, Kocuria palustris and Cellvibrio mixtus are significantly enriched in BPH samples. Furthermore, we identify that a number of human tumor viruses, including Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV), along with two high-risk human papillomaviruses - HPV-16 and HPV-18, are significantly associated with the PCa development and strongly correlated with PCa bacterial signature. The study may thus offer to develop a framework for exploiting this microbial signature for early diagnosis and prognosis of PCa development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Purandar Sarkar
- School of Biotechnology, Presidency University, New Town, Kolkata, India
| | - Samaresh Malik
- School of Biotechnology, Presidency University, New Town, Kolkata, India
| | - Anwesha Banerjee
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, India
| | - Chhanda Datta
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Kolkata, India
| | - Dilip Kumar Pal
- Department of Urology, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Kolkata, India
| | - Amlan Ghosh
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, India
| | - Abhik Saha
- School of Biotechnology, Presidency University, New Town, Kolkata, India
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Lawson JS, Glenn WK. Multiple pathogens and prostate cancer. Infect Agent Cancer 2022; 17:23. [PMID: 35637508 PMCID: PMC9150368 DOI: 10.1186/s13027-022-00427-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this review is to consider whether multiple pathogens have roles in prostate cancer. METHODS We have reviewed case control studies in which infectious pathogens in prostate cancer were compared to normal and benign prostate tissues. We also reviewed additional evidence from relevant published articles. RESULTS We confirmed that high risk human papilloma viruses are a probable cause of prostate cancer. We judged Escherichia coli, Cutibacterium acnes, Neisseria gonorrhoea, Herpes simplex, Epstein Barr virus and Mycoplasmas as each having possible but unproven roles in chronic prostatic inflammation and prostate cancer. We judged Cytomegalovirus, Chlamydia trachomatis, Trichomonas vaginalis and the Polyoma viruses as possible but unlikely to have a role in prostate cancer. CONCLUSIONS AND ACTIONS The most influential cause of prostate cancer appears to be infection induced chronic inflammation. Given the high prevalence of prostate cancer it is important for action to can be taken without waiting for additional conclusive evidence. These include: 1. Encouragement of all boys (as well as girls) to have HPV vaccines 2. The vigorous use of antibiotics to treat all bacterial pathogens identified in the urogenital tract 3. The use of antiviral medications to control herpes infections 4. Education about safe sexual practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- James S. Lawson
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052 Australia
| | - Wendy K. Glenn
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052 Australia
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Microbiome in cancer: Role in carcinogenesis and impact in therapeutic strategies. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 149:112898. [PMID: 35381448 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is the world's second-leading cause of death, and the involvement of microbes in a range of diseases, including cancer, is well established. The gut microbiota is known to play an important role in the host's health and physiology. The gut microbiota and its metabolites may activate immunological and cellular pathways that kill invading pathogens and initiate a cancer-fighting immune response. Cancer is a multiplex illness, characterized by the persistence of several genetic and physiological anomalies in malignant tissue, complicating disease therapy and control. Humans have coevolved with a complex bacterial, fungal, and viral microbiome over millions of years. Specific long-known epidemiological links between certain bacteria and cancer have recently been grasped at the molecular level. Similarly, advances in next-generation sequencing technology have enabled detailed research of microbiomes, such as the human gut microbiome, allowing for the finding of taxonomic and metabolomic linkages between the microbiome and cancer. These investigations have found causative pathways for both microorganisms within tumors and bacteria in various host habitats far from tumors using direct and immunological procedures. Anticancer diagnostic and therapeutic solutions could be developed using this review to tackle the threat of anti-cancer medication resistance as well through the wide-ranging involvement of the microbiota in regulating host metabolic and immunological homeostasis. We reviewed the significance of gut microbiota in cancer initiation as well as cancer prevention. We look at certain microorganisms that may play a role in the development of cancer. Several bacteria with probiotic qualities may be employed as bio-therapeutic agents to re-establish the microbial population and trigger a strong immune response to remove malignancies, and further study into this should be conducted.
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Hurst R, Meader E, Gihawi A, Rallapalli G, Clark J, Kay GL, Webb M, Manley K, Curley H, Walker H, Kumar R, Schmidt K, Crossman L, Eeles RA, Wedge DC, Lynch AG, Massie CE, Yazbek-Hanna M, Rochester M, Mills RD, Mithen RF, Traka MH, Ball RY, O'Grady J, Brewer DS, Wain J, Cooper CS. Microbiomes of Urine and the Prostate Are Linked to Human Prostate Cancer Risk Groups. Eur Urol Oncol 2022; 5:412-419. [PMID: 35450835 DOI: 10.1016/j.euo.2022.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bacteria play a suspected role in the development of several cancer types, and associations between the presence of particular bacteria and prostate cancer have been reported. OBJECTIVE To provide improved characterisation of the prostate and urine microbiome and to investigate the prognostic potential of the bacteria present. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Microbiome profiles were interrogated in sample collections of patient urine (sediment microscopy: n = 318, 16S ribosomal amplicon sequencing: n = 46; and extracellular vesicle RNA-seq: n = 40) and cancer tissue (n = 204). OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Microbiomes were assessed using anaerobic culture, population-level 16S analysis, RNA-seq, and whole genome DNA sequencing. RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS We demonstrate an association between the presence of bacteria in urine sediments and higher D'Amico risk prostate cancer (discovery, n = 215 patients, p < 0.001; validation, n = 103, p < 0.001, χ2 test for trend). Characterisation of the bacterial community led to the (1) identification of four novel bacteria (Porphyromonas sp. nov., Varibaculum sp. nov., Peptoniphilus sp. nov., and Fenollaria sp. nov.) that were frequently found in patient urine, and (2) definition of a patient subgroup associated with metastasis development (p = 0.015, log-rank test). The presence of five specific anaerobic genera, which includes three of the novel isolates, was associated with cancer risk group, in urine sediment (p = 0.045, log-rank test), urine extracellular vesicles (p = 0.039), and cancer tissue (p = 0.035), with a meta-analysis hazard ratio for disease progression of 2.60 (95% confidence interval: 1.39-4.85; p = 0.003; Cox regression). A limitation is that functional links to cancer development are not yet established. CONCLUSIONS This study characterises prostate and urine microbiomes, and indicates that specific anaerobic bacteria genera have prognostic potential. PATIENT SUMMARY In this study, we investigated the presence of bacteria in patient urine and the prostate. We identified four novel bacteria and suggest a potential prognostic utility for the microbiome in prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Hurst
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk, UK
| | - Emma Meader
- Microbiology Department, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Norwich, UK
| | - Abraham Gihawi
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk, UK
| | | | - Jeremy Clark
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk, UK
| | - Gemma L Kay
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk, UK; Quadram Institute Biosciences, Norwich, UK
| | - Martyn Webb
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk, UK
| | - Kate Manley
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk, UK; Department of Urology, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Norwich, UK
| | - Helen Curley
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk, UK
| | - Helen Walker
- Department of Urology, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Norwich, UK
| | - Ravi Kumar
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk, UK
| | - Katarzyna Schmidt
- Microbiology Department, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Norwich, UK
| | - Lisa Crossman
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk, UK; Quadram Institute Biosciences, Norwich, UK
| | - Rosalind A Eeles
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK; Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London and Sutton, UK
| | - David C Wedge
- Oxford Big Data Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Andy G Lynch
- School of Medicine, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK; School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK
| | - Charlie E Massie
- Hutchison/MRC Research Centre, Cambridge University, Cambridge, UK
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- The CRUK-ICGC Prostate Group, UK
| | - Marcelino Yazbek-Hanna
- Department of Urology, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Norwich, UK
| | - Mark Rochester
- Department of Urology, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Norwich, UK
| | - Robert D Mills
- Department of Urology, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Norwich, UK
| | - Richard F Mithen
- Quadram Institute Biosciences, Norwich, UK; Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Grafton, Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | - Richard Y Ball
- Norfolk and Waveney Cellular Pathology Service, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Norwich, UK
| | - Justin O'Grady
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk, UK; Quadram Institute Biosciences, Norwich, UK
| | - Daniel S Brewer
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk, UK; Earlham Institute, Norwich Research Park Innovation Centre, Norwich, UK
| | - John Wain
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk, UK; Quadram Institute Biosciences, Norwich, UK
| | - Colin S Cooper
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk, UK.
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Kim YK, Kwon EJ, Yu Y, Kim J, Woo SY, Choi HS, Kwon M, Jung K, Kim HS, Park HR, Lee D, Kim YH. Microbial and molecular differences according to the location of head and neck cancers. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:135. [PMID: 35346218 PMCID: PMC8962034 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02554-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Microbiome has been shown to substantially contribute to some cancers. However, the diagnostic implications of microbiome in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) remain unknown. Methods To identify the molecular difference in the microbiome of oral and non-oral HNSCC, primary data was downloaded from the Kraken-TCGA dataset. The molecular differences in the microbiome of oral and non-oral HNSCC were identified using the linear discriminant analysis effect size method. Results In the study, the common microbiomes in oral and non-oral cancers were Fusobacterium, Leptotrichia, Selenomonas and Treponema and Clostridium and Pseudoalteromonas, respectively. We found unique microbial signatures that positively correlated with Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways in oral cancer and positively and negatively correlated KEGG pathways in non-oral cancer. In oral cancer, positively correlated genes were mostly found in prion diseases, Alzheimer disease, Parkinson disease, Salmonella infection, and Pathogenic Escherichia coli infection. In non-oral cancer, positively correlated genes showed Herpes simplex virus 1 infection and Spliceosome and negatively correlated genes showed results from PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, Focal adhesion, Regulation of actin cytoskeleton, ECM-receptor interaction and Dilated cardiomyopathy. Conclusions These results could help in understanding the underlying biological mechanisms of the microbiome of oral and non-oral HNSCC. Microbiome-based oncology diagnostic tool warrants further exploration. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12935-022-02554-6.
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Javier-DesLoges J, McKay RR, Swafford AD, Sepich-Poore GD, Knight R, Parsons JK. The microbiome and prostate cancer. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis 2022; 25:159-164. [PMID: 34267333 PMCID: PMC8767983 DOI: 10.1038/s41391-021-00413-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
There is growing evidence that the microbiome is involved in development and treatment of many human diseases, including prostate cancer. There are several potential pathways for microbiome-based mechanisms for the development of prostate cancer: direct impacts of microbes or microbial products in the prostate or the urine, and indirect impacts from microbes or microbial products in the gastrointestinal tract. Unique microbial signatures have been identified within the stool, oral cavity, tissue, urine, and blood of prostate cancer patients, but studies vary in their findings. Recent studies describe potential diagnostic and therapeutic applications of the microbiome, but further clinical investigation is needed. In this review, we explore the existing literature on the discovery of the human microbiome and its relationship to prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rana R McKay
- Department of Urology, UC San Diego Health, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, UC San Diego Health, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Rob Knight
- Department of Bioengineering, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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Honda-Takinami R, Hata J, Matsuoka K, Hoshi S, Koguchi T, Sato Y, Akaihata H, Kataoka M, Ogawa S, Nishiyama K, Suzutani T, Kojima Y. Association between the presence of bacteria in prostate tissue and histopathology in biopsies from men not complaining of lower urinary tract symptoms. Fukushima J Med Sci 2022; 68:161-167. [PMID: 36372441 PMCID: PMC9840884 DOI: 10.5387/fms.2022-34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the presence of bacteria in prostate tissue, and relationships between the bacteria and histopathological findings. METHODS Samples were collected from prostate biopsy patients with no obvious lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). Detection and identification of bacterial species in the prostate tissues were performed with PCR for 16SrDNA and DNA sequencing. Histopathology was also evaluated. LUTS and lower urinary tract function were assessed by questionnaires, uroflowmetry, and ultrasonography. RESULTS DNA was extracted from 97 prostate biopsies, with 5 bacterial species detected among samples from 7 patients (7.2%). The stroma-to-gland ratio in the prostate tissues from patients with bacteria was lower than in those without bacteria (p < 0.01). Glandular epithelial hyperplasia was also identified in the prostates harboring bacteria. International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), IPSS-quality of life (IPSS-QOL), Overactive Bladder Symptom Score (OABSS), maximum flow rate, urine volume by uroflowmetry, and post-voided residual urine were not significantly different when comparing patients with and without bacteria in their prostate samples. CONCLUSIONS The present study demonstrated that 7.2% of men without obvious LUTS had bacteria in their prostate tissues. The presence of such bacteria might induce glandular hyperplasia and contribute to pathological changes in the early stages of benign prostate enlargement before affecting LUTS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Junya Hata
- Department of Urology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine
| | - Kanako Matsuoka
- Department of Urology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine
| | - Seiji Hoshi
- Department of Urology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine
| | - Tomoyuki Koguchi
- Department of Urology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine
| | - Yuichi Sato
- Department of Urology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine
| | - Hidenori Akaihata
- Department of Urology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine
| | - Masao Kataoka
- Department of Urology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine
| | - Soichiro Ogawa
- Department of Urology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine
| | - Kyoko Nishiyama
- Department of Microbiology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine
| | - Tatsuo Suzutani
- Department of Microbiology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine
| | - Yoshiyuki Kojima
- Department of Urology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine
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Wang Y, Du J, Wu X, Abdelrehem A, Ren Y, Liu C, Zhou X, Wang S. Crosstalk between autophagy and microbiota in cancer progression. Mol Cancer 2021; 20:163. [PMID: 34895252 PMCID: PMC8665582 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-021-01461-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a highly conserved catabolic process seen in eukaryotes and is essentially a lysosome-dependent protein degradation pathway. The dysregulation of autophagy is often associated with the pathogenesis of numerous types of cancers, and can not only promote the survival of cancer but also trigger the tumor cell death. During cancer development, the microbial community might predispose cells to tumorigenesis by promoting mucosal inflammation, causing systemic disorders, and may also regulate the immune response to cancer. The complex relationship between autophagy and microorganisms can protect the body by activating the immune system. In addition, autophagy and microorganisms can crosstalk with each other in multifaceted ways to influence various physiological and pathological responses involved in cancer progression. Various molecular mechanisms, correlating the microbiota disorders and autophagy activation, control the outcomes of protumor or antitumor responses, which depend on the cancer type, tumor microenvironment and disease stage. In this review, we mainly emphasize the leading role of autophagy during the interaction between pathogenic microorganisms and human cancers and investigate the various molecular mechanisms by which autophagy modulates such complicated biological processes. Moreover, we also highlight the possibility of curing cancers with multiple molecular agents targeting the microbiota/autophagy axis. Finally, we summarize the emerging clinical trials investigating the therapeutic potential of targeting either autophagy or microbiota as anticancer strategies, although the crosstalk between them has not been explored thoroughly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Department of Maxillofacial and Otorhinolaryngological Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, 300060 China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Cancer Institute, Tianjin, 300060 China
- National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin, 300060 China
| | - Jiang Du
- Department of Maxillofacial and Otorhinolaryngological Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, 300060 China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Cancer Institute, Tianjin, 300060 China
- National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin, 300060 China
| | - Xuemei Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Gastroenterology and Hepatology Institute, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300052 China
- Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 300070 China
| | - Ahmed Abdelrehem
- Department of Craniomaxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Yu Ren
- Tianjin Research Center of Basic Medical Science, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070 China
| | - Chao Liu
- Department of Maxillofacial and Otorhinolaryngological Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, 300060 China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Cancer Institute, Tianjin, 300060 China
- National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin, 300060 China
| | - Xuan Zhou
- Department of Maxillofacial and Otorhinolaryngological Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, 300060 China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Cancer Institute, Tianjin, 300060 China
- National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin, 300060 China
| | - Sinan Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Gastroenterology and Hepatology Institute, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300052 China
- Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 300070 China
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The intratumoral microbiome: Characterization methods and functional impact. Cancer Lett 2021; 522:63-79. [PMID: 34517085 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Live-pathogenic bacteria, which were identified inside tumors hundreds year ago, are key elements in modern cancer research. As they have a relatively accessible genome, they offer a multitude of metabolic engineering opportunities, useful in several clinical fields. Better understanding of the tumor microenvironment and its associated microbiome would help conceptualize new metabolically engineered species, triggering efficient therapeutic responses against cancer. Unfortunately, given the low microbial biomass nature of tumors, characterizing the tumor microbiome remains a challenge. Tumors have a high host versus bacterial DNA ratio, making it extremely complex to identify tumor-associated bacteria. Nevertheless, with the improvements in next-generation analytic tools, recent studies demonstrated the existence of intratumor bacteria inside defined tumors. It is now proven that each cancer subtype has a unique microbiome, characterized by bacterial communities with specific metabolic functions. This review provides a brief overview of the main approaches used to characterize the tumor microbiome, and of the recently proposed functions of intracellular bacteria identified in oncological entities. The therapeutic aspects of live-pathogenic microbes are also discussed, regarding the tumor microenvironment of each cancer type.
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Nahand JS, Khanaliha K, Mirzaei H, Moghoofei M, Baghi HB, Esghaei M, Khatami AR, Fatemipour M, Bokharaei-Salim F. Possible role of HPV/EBV coinfection in anoikis resistance and development in prostate cancer. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:926. [PMID: 34399719 PMCID: PMC8369687 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-08658-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to evaluate the possible role of human papillomavirus (HPV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) coinfection as an etiological factor for prostate cancer (PCa) development. METHODS This case-control study was conducted on 67 patients with PCa and 40 control subjects. The expression levels of cellular and viral factors involved in inflammation, tumor progression, and metastasis were quantified, using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) assay. RESULTS The EBV/HPV coinfection was reported in 14.9% of patients in the case group and 7.5% of the control subjects. The high-risk types of HPV, that is, HPV 16 and HPV 18, were responsible for 50 and 30% of HPV/EBV-coinfected PCa cases (n = 10), respectively. No significant relationship was observed between PCa and HPV/EBV coinfection (OR = 2.9, 95% CI: 0.18-45.2, P = 0.31). However, the highest percentage of HPV genome integration was found in the HPV/EBV-coinfected PCa group (8/10; 80%). Also, the mean expression levels of inflammatory factors (IL-17, IL-6, TNF-α, NF-κB, VEGF, ROS, and RNS), anti-apoptotic mediators (Bcl-2 and survivin), and anti-anoikis factors (Twist and N-cadherin) were significantly higher in the HPV/EBV-coinfected PCa group, compared to the non-coinfected PCa cases. Nevertheless, the tumor-suppressor proteins (p53 and pRb) and E-cadherin (inhibitor of anoikis resistance) showed significant downregulations in the HPV/EBV-coinfected PCa group, compared to the non-coinfected PCa cases. CONCLUSION The HPV/EBV coinfection may be an etiological factor for PCa through modulation of cellular behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javid Sadri Nahand
- Department of Virology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Khadijeh Khanaliha
- Research Center of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Institute of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Mohsen Moghoofei
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Hossein Bannazadeh Baghi
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maryam Esghaei
- Department of Virology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Reza Khatami
- Department of Virology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Fatemipour
- Department of Virology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farah Bokharaei-Salim
- Department of Virology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Katongole P, Sande OJ, Joloba M, Reynolds SJ, Niyonzima N. The human microbiome and its link in prostate cancer risk and pathogenesis. Infect Agent Cancer 2020; 15:53. [PMID: 32884579 PMCID: PMC7460756 DOI: 10.1186/s13027-020-00319-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
There is growing evidence of the microbiome's role in human health and disease since the human microbiome project. The microbiome plays a vital role in influencing cancer risk and pathogenesis. Several studies indicate microbial pathogens to account for over 15-20% of all cancers. Furthermore, the interaction of the microbiota, especially the gut microbiota in influencing response to chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and radiotherapy remains an area of active research. Certain microbial species have been linked to the improved clinical outcome when on different cancer therapies. The recent discovery of the urinary microbiome has enabled the study to understand its connection to genitourinary malignancies, especially prostate cancer. Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer in males worldwide. Therefore research into understanding the factors and mechanisms associated with prostate cancer etiology, pathogenesis, and disease progression is of utmost importance. In this review, we explore the current literature concerning the link between the gut and urinary microbiome and prostate cancer risk and pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Katongole
- Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Health Sciences Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Health Sciences Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Obondo J. Sande
- Department of Immunology and Molecular biology, College of Health Sciences Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Moses Joloba
- Department of Immunology and Molecular biology, College of Health Sciences Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Steven J. Reynolds
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD USA
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de Bono JS, Guo C, Gurel B, De Marzo AM, Sfanos KS, Mani RS, Gil J, Drake CG, Alimonti A. Prostate carcinogenesis: inflammatory storms. Nat Rev Cancer 2020; 20:455-469. [PMID: 32546840 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-020-0267-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is a major cause of cancer morbidity and mortality. Intra-prostatic inflammation is a risk factor for prostate carcinogenesis, with diet, chemical injury and an altered microbiome being causally implicated. Intra-prostatic inflammatory cell recruitment and expansion can ultimately promote DNA double-strand breaks and androgen receptor activation in prostate epithelial cells. The activation of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype fuels further 'inflammatory storms', with free radicals leading to further DNA damage. This drives the overexpression of DNA repair and tumour suppressor genes, rendering these genes susceptible to mutagenic insults, with carcinogenesis accelerated by germline DNA repair gene defects. We provide updates on recent advances in elucidating prostate carcinogenesis and explore novel therapeutic and prevention strategies harnessing these discoveries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johann S de Bono
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK.
- The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, UK.
| | - Christina Guo
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, UK
| | - Bora Gurel
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | | | - Karen S Sfanos
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ram S Mani
- Department of Pathology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Jesús Gil
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences (LMS), London, UK
- Institute of Clinical Sciences (ICS), Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | - Andrea Alimonti
- Institute of Oncology Research, Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padova, Italy
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Lawson JS, Glenn WK. Evidence for a causal role by human papillomaviruses in prostate cancer - a systematic review. Infect Agent Cancer 2020; 15:41. [PMID: 32684946 PMCID: PMC7359253 DOI: 10.1186/s13027-020-00305-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
It is hypothesised that high risk for cancer human papillomaviruses (HPVs) have a causal role in prostate cancer. In 26 case control studies, high risk HPVs have been identified in benign and prostate cancers. High risk HPVs were identified in 325 (22.6%) of 1284 prostate cancers and in 113 (8.6%) of 1313 normal or benign prostate controls (p = 0.001). High risk HPVs of the same type have been identified in both normal and benign prostate tissues prior to the development of HPV positive prostate cancer. High risk HPVs can be associated with inflammatory prostatitis leading to benign prostate hyperplasia and later prostate cancer. Normal human prostate epithelial cells can be immortalised by experimental exposure to HPVs. HPVs are probably sexually transmitted. The role of HPVs in prostate cancer is complex and differs from HPVs associated cervical cancer. HPV infections may initiate prostate oncogenesis directly and influence oncogenesis indirectly via APOBEC enzymes. HPVs may collaborate with other pathogens in prostate oncogenesis. Although HPVs are only one of many pathogens that have been identified in prostate cancer, they are the only infectious pathogen which can be prevented by vaccination. A causal role for HPVs in prostate cancer is highly likely.
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Affiliation(s)
- James S Lawson
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Wendy K Glenn
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
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Toker J, Arora R, Wargo JA. The Microbiome in Immuno-oncology. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1244:325-334. [PMID: 32301026 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-41008-7_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The field of cancer therapy has been revolutionized through the use of immunotherapy, and treatment with these therapies now spans from early to late stage, and even into prevention. However, there are still a significant proportion of patients who do not derive long-term benefit from monotherapy and even combined therapy regimens, and novel approaches are needed to enhance therapeutic responses. Additionally, ideal biomarkers of response to immunotherapy are lacking and are critically needed. An emerging area of interest in immuno-oncology (IO) is the microbiome, which refers to the collection of microbes (and their genomes) that inhabit an individual and live in symbiosis. There is now evidence that these microbes (particularly those within the gut) impact host physiology and can impact responses to immunotherapy. The field of microbiome research in immuno-oncology is quickly emerging, with the potential use of the microbiome (in the gut as well as in the tumor) as a biomarker for response to IO as well as a therapeutic target. Notably, the microbiome may even have a role in toxicity to therapy. The state of the science in microbiome and IO are discussed and caveats and future directions are outlined to provide insights as we move forward as a field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Toker
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Reetakshi Arora
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jennifer A Wargo
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA. .,Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
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Ohadian Moghadam S, Momeni SA. Human microbiome and prostate cancer development: current insights into the prevention and treatment. Front Med 2020; 15:11-32. [PMID: 32607819 DOI: 10.1007/s11684-019-0731-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The huge communities of microorganisms that symbiotically colonize humans are recognized as significant players in health and disease. The human microbiome may influence prostate cancer development. To date, several studies have focused on the effect of prostate infections as well as the composition of the human microbiome in relation to prostate cancer risk. Current studies suggest that the microbiota of men with prostate cancer significantly differs from that of healthy men, demonstrating that certain bacteria could be associated with cancer development as well as altered responses to treatment. In healthy individuals, the microbiome plays a crucial role in the maintenance of homeostasis of body metabolism. Dysbiosis may contribute to the emergence of health problems, including malignancy through affecting systemic immune responses and creating systemic inflammation, and changing serum hormone levels. In this review, we discuss recent data about how the microbes colonizing different parts of the human body including urinary tract, gastrointestinal tract, oral cavity, and skin might affect the risk of developing prostate cancer. Furthermore, we discuss strategies to target the microbiome for risk assessment, prevention, and treatment of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Seyed Ali Momeni
- Uro-Oncology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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48
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Nejman D, Livyatan I, Fuks G, Gavert N, Zwang Y, Geller LT, Rotter-Maskowitz A, Weiser R, Mallel G, Gigi E, Meltser A, Douglas GM, Kamer I, Gopalakrishnan V, Dadosh T, Levin-Zaidman S, Avnet S, Atlan T, Cooper ZA, Arora R, Cogdill AP, Khan MAW, Ologun G, Bussi Y, Weinberger A, Lotan-Pompan M, Golani O, Perry G, Rokah M, Bahar-Shany K, Rozeman EA, Blank CU, Ronai A, Shaoul R, Amit A, Dorfman T, Kremer R, Cohen ZR, Harnof S, Siegal T, Yehuda-Shnaidman E, Gal-Yam EN, Shapira H, Baldini N, Langille MGI, Ben-Nun A, Kaufman B, Nissan A, Golan T, Dadiani M, Levanon K, Bar J, Yust-Katz S, Barshack I, Peeper DS, Raz DJ, Segal E, Wargo JA, Sandbank J, Shental N, Straussman R. The human tumor microbiome is composed of tumor type-specific intracellular bacteria. Science 2020; 368:973-980. [PMID: 32467386 DOI: 10.1126/science.aay9189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1068] [Impact Index Per Article: 267.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Bacteria were first detected in human tumors more than 100 years ago, but the characterization of the tumor microbiome has remained challenging because of its low biomass. We undertook a comprehensive analysis of the tumor microbiome, studying 1526 tumors and their adjacent normal tissues across seven cancer types, including breast, lung, ovary, pancreas, melanoma, bone, and brain tumors. We found that each tumor type has a distinct microbiome composition and that breast cancer has a particularly rich and diverse microbiome. The intratumor bacteria are mostly intracellular and are present in both cancer and immune cells. We also noted correlations between intratumor bacteria or their predicted functions with tumor types and subtypes, patients' smoking status, and the response to immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Nejman
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Ilana Livyatan
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.,Department of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Garold Fuks
- Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Nancy Gavert
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Yaara Zwang
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Leore T Geller
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | | | - Roi Weiser
- Division of Surgery, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Giuseppe Mallel
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Elinor Gigi
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Arnon Meltser
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Gavin M Douglas
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Iris Kamer
- Institute of Oncology, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | | | - Tali Dadosh
- Department of Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Smadar Levin-Zaidman
- Department of Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Sofia Avnet
- Orthopaedic Pathophysiology and Regenerative Unit, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Tehila Atlan
- Department of Bioinformatics, Jerusalem College of Technology, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Zachary A Cooper
- Translational Medicine, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Reetakshi Arora
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Alexandria P Cogdill
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Md Abdul Wadud Khan
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Gabriel Ologun
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yuval Bussi
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.,Department of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.,Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Adina Weinberger
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.,Department of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Maya Lotan-Pompan
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.,Department of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Ofra Golani
- Department of Life Sciences Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Gili Perry
- Cancer Research Center, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Merav Rokah
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | | | - Elisa A Rozeman
- Department of Medical Oncology and Division of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Christian U Blank
- Department of Medical Oncology and Division of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Anat Ronai
- Pediatric Gastroenterology Institute, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
| | - Ron Shaoul
- Pediatric Gastroenterology Institute, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
| | - Amnon Amit
- Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
| | - Tatiana Dorfman
- Division of General Surgery, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel.,Ambulatory and Breast Surgery Service, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
| | - Ran Kremer
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
| | - Zvi R Cohen
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.,Department of Neurosurgery, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Sagi Harnof
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.,Department of Neurosurgery, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hospital, Petach Tikva, Israel
| | - Tali Siegal
- Neuro-Oncology Unit, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hospital, Petach Tikva, Israel
| | | | | | - Hagit Shapira
- Institute of Pathology, Megalab, Maccabi Healthcare Services, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Nicola Baldini
- Orthopaedic Pathophysiology and Regenerative Unit, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy.,Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Morgan G I Langille
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Alon Ben-Nun
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Bella Kaufman
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.,Institute of Oncology, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Aviram Nissan
- Department of Surgical Oncology (Surgery C), Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Talia Golan
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.,Institute of Oncology, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Maya Dadiani
- Cancer Research Center, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Keren Levanon
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.,Cancer Research Center, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Jair Bar
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.,Institute of Oncology, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Shlomit Yust-Katz
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.,Neuro-Oncology Unit, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hospital, Petach Tikva, Israel
| | - Iris Barshack
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.,Department of Pathology, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Daniel S Peeper
- Division of Molecular Oncology & Immunology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Dan J Raz
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Eran Segal
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.,Department of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Jennifer A Wargo
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Judith Sandbank
- Institute of Pathology, Megalab, Maccabi Healthcare Services, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Noam Shental
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, The Open University of Israel, Ra'anana, Israel
| | - Ravid Straussman
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
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49
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Loughlin KR. Commentary on characterization of urinary microbiome in patients with bladder cancer: Results from a single-institution, feasibility study. Urol Oncol 2020; 38:622. [PMID: 32340795 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2020.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin R Loughlin
- Harvard Medical School, Vascular Biology Lab, Karp Family Research Laboratories, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Lonqwood Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts.
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50
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Brüggemann H, Al-Zeer MA. Bacterial signatures and their inflammatory potentials associated with prostate cancer. APMIS 2020; 128:80-91. [PMID: 31990107 DOI: 10.1111/apm.13021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Chronic inflammation can create a microenvironment that can contribute to the formation of prostate pathologies. Far less well understood is the origin of inflammation in the prostate. One potential source is microbial infections of the prostate. This review summarizes recent findings regarding the presence of bacteria in the prostate and the dysbiosis of bacterial populations in the urinary tract and the gastrointestinal tract related to prostate cancer, thereby focusing on next-generation sequencing (NGS)-generated data. The current limitations regarding NGS-based detection methods and other difficulties in the quest for a microbial etiology for prostate cancer are discussed. We then focus on a few bacterial species, including Cutibacterium acnes and Escherichia coli that are often NGS-detected in prostatic tissue specimens, and discuss their possible contribution as initiator or enhancer of prostate inflammation and prostate carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Munir A Al-Zeer
- Institute of Biotechnology, Department of Applied Biochemistry, Technical University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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