1
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Quan X, Shen K, Yang WL, Li Z, Maienfisch P. Design, Synthesis, and Biological Activity of Silicon-Containing Carboxamide Fungicides. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:17260-17270. [PMID: 39057603 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c03001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Bioisosteric silicon replacement has proven to be a valuable strategy in the design of bioactive molecules for crop protection and drug development. Twenty-one novel carboxamides possessing a silicon-containing biphenyl moiety were synthesized and tested for their antifungal activity and succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) enzymatic inhibitory activity. Among these novel succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors (SDHIs), compounds 3a, 3e, 4l, and 4o possessing appropriate clog P and topological polar surface area values showed excellent inhibitory effects against Rhizoctonia solani, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Botrytis cinerea, and Fusarium graminearum at 10 mg/L in vitro, and the EC50 values of 4l and 4o were 0.52 and 0.16 mg/L against R. solani and 0.066 and 0.054 mg/L against S. sclerotiorum, respectively, which were superior to those of Boscalid. Moreover, compound 3a demonstrated superior SDH enzymatic inhibitory activity (IC50 = 8.70 mg/L), exhibiting 2.54-fold the potency of Boscalid (IC50 = 22.09 mg/L). Docking results and scanning electron microscope experiments revealed similar mode of action between compound 3a and Boscalid. The new silicon-containing carboxamide 3a is a promising SDHI candidate that deserves further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaocao Quan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Kunkun Shen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Wu-Lin Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Zhong Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Peter Maienfisch
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
- CreInSol Consulting & Biocontrols, CH-4118 Rodersdorf, Switzerland
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2
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Jeschke P. Recent developments in fluorine-containing pesticides. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2024; 80:3065-3087. [PMID: 38073050 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
To ensure ongoing sustainability, the modern agrochemical industry is faced with enormous challenges. These arise from provision of high-quality food to increasing water use and environmental impact as well as a growing world population. The loss of previous agrochemicals due to consumer perception, changing grower needs and ever-changing regulatory requirements is higher than the number of active ingredients that are being introduced into the crop protection market. Therefore, the development of novel agrochemicals is essential to provide improved efficacy and environmental profiles. In this context, the introduction of fluorine atoms and fluorine-containing motifs into a molecule is an important method to influence its physicochemical properties. These include, for example, small difluoro- and trifluoromethyl, or trifluoromethoxy groups at aryl or heterocyclic aryl moieties but also fragments like 2,2,2-trifluoroethoxycarbonyl, trifluoromethylsulfonyl, trifluoroacetyl, as well as the so far unusal rest like heptafluoro-iso-propyl. This review gives an overview of recent developments of fluorine-containing pesticides launched over the past 7 years and describes a selection of current fluorine-containing development candidates. © 2023 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Jeschke
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
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3
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Liu D, Chen T, Gong Y, Chen X, Zhang W, Xiao R, Yang Y, Zhang T. Deciphering the key factors affecting pesticide residue risk in vegetable ecosystem. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 258:119452. [PMID: 38909947 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.119452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Soil contamination, particularly from pesticide residues, presents a significant challenge to the sustainable development of agricultural ecosystems. Identifying the key factors influencing soil pesticide residue risk and implementing effective measures to mitigate their risks at the source are essential. Here, we collected soil samples and conducted a comprehensive survey among local farmers in the Three Gorges Reserve Area, a major agricultural production region in Southwest China. Subsequently, employing a dual analytical approach combining structural equation modeling (SEM) and random forest modeling (RFM), we examined the effects of various factors on pesticide residue accumulation in vegetable ecosystems. Our SEM analysis revealed that soil characteristics (path coefficient 0.85) and cultivation factor (path coefficient 0.84) had the most significant effect on pesticide residue risk, while the farmer factors indirectly influenced pesticide residues by impacting both cultivation factors and soil characteristics. Further exploration using RFM identified the three most influential factors contributing to pesticide residue risk as cation exchange capacity (CEC) (account for 18.84%), cultivation area (account for 14.12%), and clay content (account for 13.01%). Based on these findings, we carried out experimental trials utilizing Integrated Pest Management (IPM) technology, resulting in a significant reduction in soil pesticide residues and notable improvements in crop yields. Therefore, it is recommended that governmental efforts should prioritize enhanced training for vegetable farmers, promotion of eco-friendly plant protection methods, and regulation of agricultural environments to ensure sustainable development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiwei Liu
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China; Interdisciplinary Research Center for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Tongtong Chen
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China; Interdisciplinary Research Center for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Yahui Gong
- College of Economics and Management, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Xuanjing Chen
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China; College of Resources and Environment, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China; Interdisciplinary Research Center for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Ran Xiao
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China; Interdisciplinary Research Center for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Yuheng Yang
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China; College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
| | - Tong Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China; Interdisciplinary Research Center for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
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4
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Dong L, Wang W, Zhou L, Yang W, Xu Z, Cheng J, Shao X, Xu X, Li Z. Design, Synthesis, and Bioactivity of Trifluoroethylthio-Substituted Phenylpyrazole Derivatives. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:11949-11957. [PMID: 38757770 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c00340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
As the first marketed phenylpyrazole insecticide, fipronil exhibited remarkable broad-spectrum insecticidal activity. However, it poses a significant threat to aquatic organisms and bees due to its high toxicity. Herein, 35 phenylpyrazole derivatives containing a trifluoroethylthio group on the 4 position of the pyrazole ring were designed and synthesized. The predicted physicochemical properties of all of the compounds were within a reasonable range. The biological assay results revealed that compound 7 showed 69.7% lethality against Aedes albopictus (A. albopictus) at the concentration of 0.125 mg/L. Compounds 7, 7g, 8d, and 10j showed superior insecticidal activity for the control of Plutella xylostella (P. xylostella). Notably, compound 7 showed similar insecticidal activity against Aphis craccivora (A. craccivora) compared with fipronil. Potential surface calculation and molecular docking suggested that different lipophilicity and binding models to the Musca domestica (M. domestica) gamma-aminobutyric acid receptors may be responsible for the decreased activity of the tested derivatives. Toxicity tests indicated that compound 8d (LC50 = 14.28 mg/L) induced obviously 14-fold lower toxicity than fipronil (LC50 = 1.05 mg/L) on embryonic-juvenile zebrafish development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lefeng Dong
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Weiguo Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Liqi Zhou
- Shanghai GreenTech Laboratory Co. Ltd, 650 Shunqing Road, Shanghai 100093, China
| | - Wulin Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Zhiping Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jiagao Cheng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Xusheng Shao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Xiaoyong Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Zhong Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
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5
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Sun NB, Min LJ, Sun XP, Zhai ZW, Bajsa-Hirschel J, Wei ZC, Hua XW, Cantrell CL, Xu H, Duke SO, Liu XH. Novel Pyrazole Acyl(thio)urea Derivatives Containing a Biphenyl Scaffold as Potential Succinate Dehydrogenase Inhibitors: Design, Synthesis, Fungicidal Activity, and SAR. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:2512-2525. [PMID: 38286814 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c07735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
As part of a program to discover novel succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor fungicides, a series of new pyrazole acyl(thio)urea compounds containing a diphenyl motif were designed and synthesized. Their structures were confirmed by 1H NMR, HRMS, and single X-ray crystal diffraction analysis. Most of these compounds possessed excellent activity against 10 fungal plant pathogens at 50 μg mL-1, especially against Rhizoctonia solani, Alternaria solani, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Botrytis cinerea, and Cercospora arachidicola. Interestingly, compounds 3-(difluoromethyl)-1-methyl-N-((3',4',5'-trifluoro-[1,1'-biphenyl]-2-yl)carbamoyl)-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide (9b, EC50 = 0.97 ± 0.18 μg mL-1), 1,3-dimethyl-N-((3',4',5'-trifluoro-[1,1'-biphenyl]-2-yl)carbamoyl)-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide (9a, EC50 = 2.63 ± 0.41 μg mL-1), and N-((4'-chloro-[1,1'-biphenyl]-2-yl)carbamoyl)-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide (9g, EC50 = 1.31 ± 0.15 μg mL-1) exhibited activities against S. sclerotiorum that were better than the commercial fungicide bixafen (EC50 = 9.15 ± 0.05 μg mL-1) and similar to the positive control fluxapyroxad (EC50 = 0.71 ± 0.11 μg mL-1). These compounds were not significantly phytotoxic to monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous plants. Structure-activity relationships (SAR) are discussed by substituent effects/molecular docking, and density functional theory analysis indicated that these compounds are succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na-Bo Sun
- College of Biology and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, 310015 Zhejiang China
| | - Li-Jing Min
- College of Life Science, Key Laboratory of Vector Biology and Pathogen Control of Zhejiang Province, Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313000, China
| | - Xin-Peng Sun
- College of Biology and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, 310015 Zhejiang China
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Zhi-Wen Zhai
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Joanna Bajsa-Hirschel
- Natural Products Utilization Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Zhe-Cheng Wei
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Xue-Wen Hua
- College of Agriculture, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, China
| | - Charles L Cantrell
- Natural Products Utilization Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Hao Xu
- College of Biology and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, 310015 Zhejiang China
| | - Stephen O Duke
- National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Xing-Hai Liu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
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6
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Gierer F, Vaughan S, Slater M, Elmore JS, Girling RD. Residue dynamics of a contact and a systemic fungicide in pollen, nectar, and other plant matrices of courgette (Cucurbita pepo L.). ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 342:122931. [PMID: 38006995 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
Pollen and nectar can be contaminated with a range of pesticides, including insecticides, fungicides, and herbicides. Since these matrices are important food sources for pollinators and other beneficial insects, their contamination can represent a key route of exposure. However, limited knowledge exists with respect to pesticide residue levels and their dynamics in these matrices for many crops and active ingredients (AIs). We used controlled glasshouse studies to investigate the residue dynamics of a systemic (cyprodinil) and a contact (fludioxonil) fungicide in the floral matrices and other plant parts of courgette/zucchini (Cucurbita pepo L.). We aimed to better understand the processes behind residue accumulation and decline in pollen and nectar. Each AI was applied to plants, either by spraying whole plants or by targeted spraying onto leaves only. Samples of pollen, nectar, anthers, flowers, and leaves were taken on the day of application and each subsequent morning for up to 13 days and analysed for residues using LC-MS/MS. Significant differences in residue levels and dynamics were found between AIs and floral matrices. The present study allowed for the identification of potential routes by which residues translocate between tissues and to link those to the physicochemical properties of each AI, which may facilitate the prediction of residue levels in pollen and nectar. Residues of the contact AI declined more quickly than those of the systemic AI in pollen and nectar. Our results further suggest that the risk of oral exposure for pollinators may be considerably reduced by using contact AIs during the green bud stage of plants, but application of systemic compounds could still result in a low, but continuous long-term exposure for pollinators with limited decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona Gierer
- School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, University of Reading, Reading, UK; Syngenta Ltd, Jealott's Hill International Research Centre, Bracknell, UK.
| | - Sarah Vaughan
- Syngenta Ltd, Jealott's Hill International Research Centre, Bracknell, UK
| | - Mark Slater
- Syngenta Ltd, Jealott's Hill International Research Centre, Bracknell, UK
| | - J Stephen Elmore
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Robbie D Girling
- School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, University of Reading, Reading, UK; Centre for Sustainable Agricultural Systems, Institute for Life Sciences and the Environment, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland, 4350, Australia
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7
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Duke SO, Pan Z, Bajsa-Hirschel J, Tamang P, Hammerschmidt R, Lorsbach BA, Sparks TC. Molecular Targets of Herbicides and Fungicides─Are There Useful Overlaps for Fungicide Discovery? JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:20532-20548. [PMID: 38100716 PMCID: PMC10755756 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c07166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
New fungicide modes of action are needed for fungicide resistance management strategies. Several commercial herbicide targets found in fungi that are not utilized by commercial fungicides are discussed as possible fungicide molecular targets. These are acetyl CoA carboxylase, acetolactate synthase, 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase, glutamine synthase, phytoene desaturase, protoporphyrinogen oxidase, long-chain fatty acid synthase, dihydropteroate synthase, hydroxyphenyl pyruvate dioxygenase, and Ser/Thr protein phosphatase. Some of the inhibitors of these herbicide targets appear to be either good fungicides or good leads for new fungicides. For example, some acetolactate synthase and dihydropteroate inhibitors are excellent fungicides. There is evidence that some herbicides have indirect benefits to certain crops due to their effects on fungal crop pathogens. Using a pesticide with both herbicide and fungicide activities based on the same molecular target could reduce the total amount of pesticide used. The limitations of such a product are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen O. Duke
- National
Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University 38667, United States
| | - Zhiqiang Pan
- Natural
Products Utilization Research Unit, United
States Department of Agriculture, University 38667, United States
| | - Joanna Bajsa-Hirschel
- Natural
Products Utilization Research Unit, United
States Department of Agriculture, University 38667, United States
| | - Prabin Tamang
- Natural
Products Utilization Research Unit, United
States Department of Agriculture, University 38667, United States
| | - Raymond Hammerschmidt
- Department
of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan
State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Beth A. Lorsbach
- Nufarm, 4020 Aerial Center Parkway, Morrisville, North Carolina 27560, United States
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8
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Lu X, Xu H, Zhang X, Sun T, Lin Y, Li H, Li X, Zhang L, Duan H, Yang X, Ling Y. Target-Based Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel 1,2,4-Triazolone Derivatives as Potential nAChR Modulators. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:19333-19342. [PMID: 38050804 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c04998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
Novel agrochemicals have been successfully developed using target-based drug design (TBDD). To discover a novel, efficient, and highly selective nicotinic insecticide candidate, we developed a unified pharmacological model using TBDD by studying the binding modes of 11 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) modulators with acetylcholine binding protein (AChBP) targets for the first time. This model was used to design and develop a series of 1,2,4-triazolone derivatives. Bioassays demonstrated excellent insecticidal activities against Aphis glycines of compounds 4k (LC50 = 4.95 mg/L) and 4q (LC50 = 3.17 mg/L), and low toxicities to Apis mellifera. Additionally, compound 4q was stably bound to Aplysia californica AChBP, which was consistent with the pharmacological model obtained via molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations. Therefore, compound 4q could be a potential lead candidate targeting nAChR. The explicit pharmacological model of nAChR modulators with Ac-AChBP in this study may facilitate the future rational design of eco-friendly nicotinic insecticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingxing Lu
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Huan Xu
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiaoming Zhang
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Tengda Sun
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yufan Lin
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Honghong Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment and Agro-Product Safety, Agricultural College, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi Province 530004, China
| | - Xuesheng Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment and Agro-Product Safety, Agricultural College, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi Province 530004, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Hongxia Duan
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xinling Yang
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yun Ling
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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9
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Bronzato M, Burriss A, King N, Donaldson C, Sayer D, Baker CM. Measuring the photostability of agrochemicals on leaves: understanding the balance between loss processes and foliar uptake. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2023; 79:3114-3121. [PMID: 37013805 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Photostability is an important property in agrochemicals, impacting their biological efficacy, environmental fate and registrability. As such, it is a property that is routinely measured during the development of new active ingredients and their formulations. To make these measurements, compounds are typically exposed to simulated sunlight after application to a glass substrate. While useful, these measurements neglect key factors that influence photostability under true field conditions. Most importantly, they neglect the fact that compounds are applied to living plant tissue, and that uptake and movement within this tissue provides a mechanism to protect compounds from photodegradation. RESULTS In this work, we introduce a new photostability assay incorporating leaf tissue as a substrate, designed to run at medium throughput under standardized laboratory conditions. Using three test cases, we demonstrate that our leaf-disc-based assays provides quantitatively different photochemical loss profiles to an assay employing a glass substrate. And we also demonstrate that these different loss profiles are intimately linked to the physical properties of the compounds, the effect that those properties have on foliar uptake and, thereby, the availability of the active ingredient on the leaf surface. CONCLUSIONS The method presented provides a quick and simple measure of the interplay between abiotic loss processes and foliar uptake, supplying additional information to facilitate the interpretation of biological efficacy data. The comparison of loss between glass slides and leaves also provides a better understanding of when intrinsic photodegradation is likely to be a good model for a compound's behaviour under field conditions. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Adam Burriss
- Syngenta, Jealott's Hill International Research Centre, Bracknell, UK
| | - Nikita King
- Syngenta, Jealott's Hill International Research Centre, Bracknell, UK
| | - Claire Donaldson
- Syngenta, Jealott's Hill International Research Centre, Bracknell, UK
| | - Danielle Sayer
- Syngenta, Jealott's Hill International Research Centre, Bracknell, UK
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10
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Zhang X, Tang G, Zhou Z, Wang H, Li X, Yan G, Liu Y, Huang Y, Wang J, Cao Y. Fabrication of Enzyme-Responsive Prodrug Self-Assembly Based on Fluazinam for Reducing Toxicity to Aquatic Organisms. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:12678-12687. [PMID: 37595273 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c03762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
Prodrug-based nanodrug delivery systems were drug formulations by covalently conjugating drugs with inversely polar groups via a cleavable bond to self-assemble into nanoparticles for efficient drug delivery. To improve the utilization efficiency of fluazinam (FZN), enzyme-responsive prodrugs were prepared by conjugating FZN with different alkyl aliphatic acids through a nucleophilic substitution reaction and subsequently self-assembled into nanoparticles (FZNP NPs) without using any harmful adjuvant. The obtained FZNP NPs exhibited excellent efficacies against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum as a result of improved physicochemical properties, including low surface tension, high retention, and enhanced photostability. The LC50 values of FZNP NPs toward zebrafish were 3-8 times that of FZN, which illustrated that the FZNP NPs reduced the detriments of FZN to the aquatic organisms while retaining good biological activity. Therefore, prodrug self-assembly technology would offer a potential method for improving the utilization efficiency of pesticides and lowering the risks to the ecological environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Tang
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyuan Zhou
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Huachen Wang
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuan Li
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangyao Yan
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Yulu Liu
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuqi Huang
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Jialu Wang
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongsong Cao
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
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11
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Rani P, Rajak BK, Singh DV. Physicochemical parameters for design and development of lead herbicide molecules: Is 'Lipinski's rule of 5' appropriate for herbicide discovery? PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2023; 79:1931-1943. [PMID: 36656285 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Herbicide use has been a great add-on in agriculture, aiding weed management in crop fields, thereby escalating crop production. However, the development of resistance in weeds against the existing herbicides is a setback. The development of herbicide resistance has compelled the agrochemical industries to replace existing herbicides with novel agrochemicals. Developing new herbicide molecules through traditional methods is time-consuming and cost-prohibitive. The use of high-throughput virtual screening (HTVS) through physicochemical properties, de novo design and combinatorial design of molecules with cutting-edge computational methods is an alternative to the traditional techniques in lead molecule discovery. The lack of optimal physicochemical criteria for screening herbicide-like molecules has become a hindrance in the process. RESULTS In this study, physicochemical parameters [molecular weight, aromatic atoms, rotatable bonds, hydrogen-bonding capacity, topological polar surface area (TPSA), polarity and solubility] of known herbicide molecules have been studied and evaluated, and optimal criteria have been proposed for target-specific herbicides. Properties including molecular weight and hydrogen (H)-bond acceptor atoms tend to have higher values, but the range of H-bond donor atoms is relatively lower. These are distinguishable characteristics in herbicides when compared with oral drugs. Significant variations in optimal physicochemical parameters between herbicides of different groups (targeting weeds with different modes of action) have been observed. CONCLUSION The proposed parameters for respective target sites could be used as filters for in silico screening, designing and developing of target-specific lead herbicide molecules. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Rani
- Molecular Modelling and Computer-Aided Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of Bioinformatics, Central University of South Bihar, School of Earth Biological and Environmental Sciences, Gaya, India
| | - Bikash Kumar Rajak
- Molecular Modelling and Computer-Aided Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of Bioinformatics, Central University of South Bihar, School of Earth Biological and Environmental Sciences, Gaya, India
| | - Durg Vijay Singh
- Molecular Modelling and Computer-Aided Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of Bioinformatics, Central University of South Bihar, School of Earth Biological and Environmental Sciences, Gaya, India
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Sparks TC, Lorsbach BA. Insecticide discovery-"Chance favors the prepared mind". PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 192:105412. [PMID: 37105622 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
New options for pest insect control, including new insecticides, are needed to ensure a plentiful food supply for an expanding global population. Any new insecticides must meet the increasingly stringent regulatory requirements for mammalian and environmental safety, and also address the need for new chemistries and modes of action to deal with resistance to available insecticides. As underscored by a paraphrase of a quote from Louis Pasteur "Chance favors the prepared mind", the agrochemical industry uses a variety of approaches that attempt to improve on "chance" for the discovery of new insecticides. Although there are a number of approaches to the discovery of new insecticidal active ingredients (AIs), historically most insecticides are based on a pre-existing molecule or product either from a competitor or from an internal company source. As such the first examples of a new insecticide representing a new type or class of AI (First-in-Class: FIC) are important as prototypes for other AIs stimulating further spectrum, efficacy, physicochemical, and environmental safety refinements. FIC insecticides also represent a measure of innovation. Understanding the origins of these FIC compounds and the approaches used in their discovery can provide insights into successful strategies for future new classes of insecticides. This perspective will focus on an analysis of the approaches that have been used for discovery of FIC insecticides highlighting those approaches that have been the most successful and providing a reference point for current and future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Beth A Lorsbach
- Nufarm, 4020 Aerial Center Parkway Morrisville, NC 27560, USA
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13
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Zhou C, Sun X, Fu W, Li Z, Cheng J, Maienfisch P. Rational Exploration of Novel SDHI Fungicide through an Amide-β-ketonitrile Bioisosteric Replacement Strategy. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:5483-5495. [PMID: 36975160 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c08606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The identification of succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor (SDHI) fungicides bearing a novel scaffold is of great importance to control pathogenic fungi. Difluoromethyl-pyrazole β-ketonitrile derivatives were rationally designed through an innovative amide-β-ketonitrile bioisosteric replacement strategy and evaluated for their antifungal activities. In preliminary fungicidal screening, our new β-ketonitrile compounds showed outstanding in vitro activity. Compounds A7 and A14 exhibited EC50 values of 0.116 and 0.165 μg/mL against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, respectively, and A14 also displayed an EC50 of 0.0774 μg/mL against Rhizoctonia solani. Furthermore, A14 exhibited moderate in vivo protective activity against rice sheath blight on rice plants. Results from SDH enzymatic assays demonstrated that A14 possesses significant inhibitory effect toward porcine heart SDH, with an IC50 value of 0.183 μM, which was 20-fold more potent than that of fluxapyroxad (IC50 = 3.76 μM). A docking study indicated that H-bonds, cation-π interactions, and edge-to-face π-π interactions play key roles in the binding of A14 with R. solani SDH. The CoMSIA model guided the approach to further structural optimizations and indicated that hydrophobic and steric substituents on the benzene ring have decisive effects on the fungicidal activity against R. solani. The present work describes for the first time the successful bioisosteric replacement of the common SDHI amide moiety by a β-ketonitrile group and highlights the potential of β-ketonitriles as an innovative novel SDHI subclass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Xujuan Sun
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Wen Fu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Zhong Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jiagao Cheng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Peter Maienfisch
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
- CreInSol MCB, Aegertenstrasse 21, Rodersdorf CH-4118, Switzerland
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14
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pH-dependent solubility prediction for optimized drug absorption and compound uptake by plants. J Comput Aided Mol Des 2023; 37:129-145. [PMID: 36797399 DOI: 10.1007/s10822-023-00496-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Aqueous solubility is the most important physicochemical property for agrochemical and drug candidates and a prerequisite for uptake, distribution, transport, and finally the bioavailability in living species. We here present the first-ever direct machine learning models for pH-dependent solubility in water. For this, we combined almost 300000 data points from 11 solubility assays performed over 24 years and over one million data points from lipophilicity and melting point experiments. Data were split into three pH-classes - acidic, neutral and basic - , representing the conditions of stomach and intestinal tract for animals and humans, and phloem and xylem for plants. We find that multi-task neural networks using ECFP-6 fingerprints outperform baseline random forests and single-task neural networks on the individual tasks. Our final model with three solubility tasks using the pH-class combined data from different assays and five helper tasks results in root mean square errors of 0.56 log units overall (acidic 0.61; neutral 0.52; basic 0.54) and Spearman rank correlations of 0.83 (acidic 0.78; neutral 0.86; basic 0.86), making it a valuable tool for profiling of compounds in pharmaceutical and agrochemical research. The model allows for the prediction of compound pH profiles with mean and median RMSE per molecule of 0.62 and 0.56 log units.
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15
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Saphier S, Katalan S, Yacov G, Berliner A, Redy-Keisar O, Fridkin G, Ghindes-Azaria L, Columbus I, Pevzner A, Drug E, Prihed H, Gershonov E, Eichen Y, Elias S, Parvari G, Zafrani Y. Placing CF 2 in the Center: Major Physicochemical Changes Upon a Minor Structural Alteration in Gem-Difunctional Compounds. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202202939. [PMID: 36374157 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202202939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Fluorine atoms play an important role in all branches of chemistry and accordingly, it is very important to study their unique and varied effects systematically, in particular, the structure-physicochemical properties relationship. The present study describes exceptional physicochemical effects resulting from a H/F exchange at the methylene bridge of gem-difunctional compounds. The Δlog P(CF2-CH2) values, that is, the change in lipophilicity, observed for the CH2 /CF2 replacement in various α,α-phenoxy- and thiophenoxy-esters/amides, diketones, benzodioxoles and more, fall in the range of 0.6-1.4 units, which for most cases, is far above the values expected for such a replacement. Moreover, for compounds holding more than one such gem-difunctional moiety, the effect is nearly additive, so one can switch from a hydrophilic compound to a lipophilic one in a limited number of H/F exchanges. DFT studies of some of these systems revealed that polarity, conformational preference as well as charge distributions are strongly affected by such hydrogen to fluorine atom substitution. The pronounced effects described, are a result of the interplay between changes in polarity, H-bond basicity and molecular volume, which were obtained with a very low 'cost' in terms of molecular weight or steric effects and may have a great potential for implementation in various fields of chemical sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sigal Saphier
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Israel Institute for Biological Research, Ness-Ziona, 74100, Israel
| | - Shahaf Katalan
- Department of Pharmacology, Israel Institute for Biological Research, Ness-Ziona, 74100, Israel
| | - Guy Yacov
- Department of Pharmacology, Israel Institute for Biological Research, Ness-Ziona, 74100, Israel
| | - Anat Berliner
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Israel Institute for Biological Research, Ness-Ziona, 74100, Israel
| | - Orit Redy-Keisar
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Israel Institute for Biological Research, Ness-Ziona, 74100, Israel
| | - Gil Fridkin
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Israel Institute for Biological Research, Ness-Ziona, 74100, Israel
| | - Lee Ghindes-Azaria
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Israel Institute for Biological Research, Ness-Ziona, 74100, Israel
| | - Ishay Columbus
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Israel Institute for Biological Research, Ness-Ziona, 74100, Israel
| | - Alexander Pevzner
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Israel Institute for Biological Research, Ness-Ziona, 74100, Israel
| | - Eyal Drug
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Israel Institute for Biological Research, Ness-Ziona, 74100, Israel
| | - Hagit Prihed
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Israel Institute for Biological Research, Ness-Ziona, 74100, Israel
| | - Eytan Gershonov
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Israel Institute for Biological Research, Ness-Ziona, 74100, Israel
| | - Yoav Eichen
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa, 3200008, Israel
| | - Shlomi Elias
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Israel Institute for Biological Research, Ness-Ziona, 74100, Israel
| | - Galit Parvari
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa, 3200008, Israel
| | - Yossi Zafrani
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Israel Institute for Biological Research, Ness-Ziona, 74100, Israel
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da Silva UP, Ferreira BW, de Sousa BL, Barreto RW, Martins FT, de A Neto JH, Vaz BG, da Silva RR, Martins TVF, de Oliveira Mendes TA, Varejão EVV. Synthesis of bis(ylidene) cyclohexanones and their antifungal activity against selected plant pathogenic fungi. Mol Divers 2023; 27:281-297. [PMID: 35441971 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-022-10431-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Botrytis cinerea, Rhizoctonia solani and Hemileia vastatrix are three species of phytopathogenic fungi behind major crop losses worldwide. These have been selected as target models for testing the fungicide potential of a series of bis(ylidene) cyclohexanones. Although some compounds of this chemical class are known to have inhibitory activity against human pathogens, they have never been explored for the control of phytopathogens until now. In the present work, bis(ylidene) cyclohexanones were synthesized through simple, fast and low-cost base- or acid-catalyzed aldol condensation reaction and tested in vitro against B. cinerea, R. solani and H. vastatrix. bis(pyridylmethylene) cyclohexanones showed the highest activity against the target fungi. When tested at 200 nmol per mycelial plug against R. solani., these compounds completely inhibited the mycelial growth, and the most active bis(pyridylmethylene) cyclohexanone compound had an IC50 of 155.5 nmol plug-1. Additionally, bis(pyridylmethylene) cyclohexanones completely inhibited urediniospore germination of H. vastatrix, at 125 μmol L-1. The most active bis(pyridylmethylene) cyclohexanone had an IC50 value of 4.8 µmol L-1, which was estimated as approximately 2.6 times lower than that found for the copper oxychloride-based fungicide, used as control. Additionally, these substances had a low cytotoxicity against the mammalian Vero cell line. Finally, in silico calculations indicated that these compounds present physicochemical parameters regarded as suitable for agrochemicals. Bis(ylidene) cyclohexanones may constitute promising candidates for the development of novel antifungal agents for the control of relevant fungal diseases in agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ueveton Pimentel da Silva
- Department of Chemistry, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av PH Rolfs sn, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36.570-900, Brazil
| | - Bruno Wesley Ferreira
- Department of Phytopathology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av PH Rolfs sn, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36.570-900, Brazil
| | - Bianca Lana de Sousa
- Department of Chemistry, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av PH Rolfs sn, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36.570-900, Brazil
| | - Robert Weingart Barreto
- Department of Phytopathology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av PH Rolfs sn, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36.570-900, Brazil
| | - Felipe Terra Martins
- Institute of Chemistry, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Av Esperança, sn, Samambaia, Goiânia, 74.690-900, Brazil
| | - João Honorato de A Neto
- Department of Chemistry, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luís s/n Km 235, Sao Carlos, SP, 74.690-900, Brazil
| | - Boniek Gontijo Vaz
- Institute of Chemistry, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Av Esperança, sn, Samambaia, Goiânia, 74.690-900, Brazil
| | - Rodolfo Rodrigues da Silva
- Institute of Chemistry, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Av Esperança, sn, Samambaia, Goiânia, 74.690-900, Brazil
| | - Thaís Viana Fialho Martins
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av PH Rolfs sn, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36.570-900, Brazil
| | - Tiago Antônio de Oliveira Mendes
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av PH Rolfs sn, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36.570-900, Brazil
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Jin X, Sun T, Zhang X, Guo B, Cui J, Ling Y, Zhang L, Yang Q, Chen W, Yang X. Structure-Based Virtual Screening of Natural Products and Optimization for the Design and Synthesis of Novel CeCht1 Inhibitors as Nematicide Candidates. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:244-254. [PMID: 36579419 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c06516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Nematode chitinases are critical components of the nematode life cycle, and CeCht1 is a potential target for developing novel nematicides. Herein, lunidonine, a natural quinoline alkaloid, was first discovered to have inhibitory activity against CeCht1, which was acquired from a library of over 16,000 natural products using a structure-based virtual screening methodology. A pocket-based lead optimization strategy was employed based on the predicted binding mode of lunidonine. Subsequently, a series of benzo[d][1,3]dioxole-5-carboxylate derivatives were designed and synthesized, and their inhibitory activities against CeCht1 as well as in vitro nematicidal activities against Caenorhabditis elegans were assessed. The analysis of structure-activity relationship and inhibitory mechanisms provided insights into their interactions with the CeCht1 active site, which could facilitate future research in improving the potency of the inhibitory activity. Especially, compound a12 interacted well with CeCht1 and exhibited excellent in vitro nematicidal activity against C. elegans with a LC50 value of 41.54 mg/L, suggesting that it could be a promising candidate for a novel chemical nematicide targeting CeCht1. The known binding modes and structural features of these inhibitors will contribute to the design of stronger CeCht1-based nematicides to control nematodes in agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Jin
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research. Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing100193, China
| | - Tengda Sun
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research. Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing100193, China
| | - Xiaoming Zhang
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research. Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing100193, China
| | - Bingbo Guo
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research. Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing100193, China
| | - Jialin Cui
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research. Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing100193, China
| | - Yun Ling
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research. Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing100193, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research. Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing100193, China
| | - Qing Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing100193, China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing100193, China
| | - Xinling Yang
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research. Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing100193, China
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18
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Berestetskiy A. Modern Approaches for the Development of New Herbicides Based on Natural Compounds. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:234. [PMID: 36678947 PMCID: PMC9864389 DOI: 10.3390/plants12020234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Weeds are a permanent component of anthropogenic ecosystems. They require strict control to avoid the accumulation of their long-lasting seeds in the soil. With high crop infestation, many elements of crop production technologies (fertilization, productive varieties, growth stimulators, etc.) turn out to be practically meaningless due to high yield losses. Intensive use of chemical herbicides (CHs) has led to undesirable consequences: contamination of soil and wastewater, accumulation of their residues in the crop, and the emergence of CH-resistant populations of weeds. In this regard, the development of environmentally friendly CHs with new mechanisms of action is relevant. The natural phytotoxins of plant or microbial origin may be explored directly in herbicidal formulations (biorational CHs) or indirectly as scaffolds for nature-derived CHs. This review considers (1) the main current trends in the development of CHs that may be important for the enhancement of biorational herbicides; (2) the advances in the development and practical application of natural compounds for weed control; (3) the use of phytotoxins as prototypes of synthetic herbicides. Some modern approaches, such as computational methods of virtual screening and design of herbicidal molecules, development of modern formulations, and determination of molecular targets, are stressed as crucial to make the exploration of natural compounds more effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Berestetskiy
- Laboratory of Phytotoxicology and Biotechnology, All-Russian Institute of Plant Protection, Pushkin, 196608 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
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Kavyasri D, Sundharesan M, Mathew N. Design, synthesis, characterization and insecticidal screening of novel anthranilic diamides comprising acyl thiourea substructure. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2023; 79:257-273. [PMID: 36148914 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mosquito-borne pathogens constitute a major health problem worldwide. The extermination of the mosquito remains a significant issue in public health. Chemical insecticides have been used to control mosquitoes for decades. However, resistance has become a limiting factor for their control. The anthranilic diamide insecticides possess excellent insecticidal activities against Lepidoptera and its resistant strains by draining internal calcium stores on activating insect ryanodine receptors. However, the reports on the effect on mosquitoes are scarce and hence a series of novel anthranilic diamides comprising acyl thiourea substructure were synthesized and their insecticidal activities against three vector mosquito larvae namely, Culex quinquefasciatus, Aedes aegypti and Anopheles stephensi were evaluated as per WHO protocol. Also investigated the morphological observations of treated larvae. RESULTS Novel anthranilic diamides containing an acyl thiourea substructure were synthesized and structures were established by 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), 13 C NMR, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HR-MS). Mosquito larvicidal activity of the title compounds 6-a-s revealed that compound 6-l exhibited marked larvicidal activities against C. quinquefasciatus and A. aegypti 3rd instar larvae with median lethal concentrations (LC50 ) values of 0.0044 mm and 0.0070 mm, respectively, for 48 hours of treatment. Compound 6-g exhibited larvicidal activity against An. stephensi with LC50 value of 0.0085 mm. Peculiar morphological alterations in the body of the treated larvae leading to death were observed on microscopic examination. CONCLUSION Novel anthranilic diamides containing an acyl thiourea substructure were designed, synthesized and characterized. Their bioassay results demonstrated significant mosquito larvicidal activity with striking morphological alterations in the body, which should ensure forthcoming designs of highly active diamide derivatives as mosquito larvicides. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhanekula Kavyasri
- Department of Health Research, ICMR-Vector Control Research Centre, Indira Nagar, Puducherry, India
| | - Munusamy Sundharesan
- Department of Health Research, ICMR-Vector Control Research Centre, Indira Nagar, Puducherry, India
| | - Nisha Mathew
- Department of Health Research, ICMR-Vector Control Research Centre, Indira Nagar, Puducherry, India
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Wang Q, Yang D, Rui C, Zhou L, Li R, Wang L, Huang W, Ji X, Yang Q, Liang P, Yuan H, Cui L. Seed treatment with chlorantraniliprole and carbaryl mixture for managing fall armyworm on maize: systemic synergism, control efficiency and synergistic mechanism. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2023; 79:464-473. [PMID: 36209490 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) is one of the major invasive pests in China, and has been widely controlled by labor-intensive foliar sprays of agrochemicals in maize (Zea mays L.). RESULTS Systemic bioassay showed that mixtures of chlorantraniliprole (Chlor) and carbaryl (Carb) had dramatically synergistic effect on toxicity to S. frugiperda. Particularly, a mixture of Chlor with Carb at a mass ratio of 2:1 (MCC) exhibited the highest toxicity to S. frugiperda. Therefore, seed treatment of Chlor mixed with Carb was studied as a simple, accurate, efficient and low-cost control technology. Our results showed that MCC treatment shortened the median lethal time and 90% lethal time to S. frugiperda compared to Chlor- and Carb-alone treatments. Meanwhile, smaller leaf consumption by S. frugiperda was recorded under MCC treatment compared to Chlor- and Carb-alone treatments. In field trial, maize-seed treatment with MCC showed efficacy up to 39 days post-emergence in preventing S. frugiperda foliar damage at a low infestation pressure. Moreover, chemical quantification by ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) showed that Chlor residues were more absorbed and concentrated in maize leaves of MCC treatment, compared to that of Chlor-alone treatment. CONCLUSION These results suggested that seed treatment with MCC can be applied to increase the control efficacy and reduce the cost of Chlor-alone treatment for controlling S. frugiperda. The present study provided evidence of an enhanced translocation and accumulation of Chlor residues in maize leaves under MCC treatment, which likely contributed to a synergistic effect against S. frugiperda. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinqin Wang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
- Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Daibin Yang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Changhui Rui
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Zhou
- College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Runan Li
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Li Wang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Weiling Huang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Xuejiao Ji
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Qingjie Yang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Pei Liang
- Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Huizhu Yuan
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Li Cui
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
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Sun T, Jin X, Zhang X, Lu X, Wang C, Cui J, Xu H, Yang X, Liu X, Zhang L, Ling Y. Design, Synthesis, and Biological Activity of Novel Laccase Inhibitors as Fungicides against Rice Blast. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:14367-14376. [PMID: 36318476 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c05144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Laccase is a potential target for novel agricultural fungicide discovery. PMDD-5Y was the first agent reported with high activity against laccase to control phytopathogenic fungi. Thirty-two novel agents containing cinnamaldehyde thiosemicarbazide were synthesized with PMDD-5Y as the lead compound, with most of the target compounds exhibiting excellent activity in vitro. Compound a2 (EC50 = 9.71 μg/mL) exhibited greater potency against Magnaporthe oryzae than the commercial fungicide isoprothiolane (EC50 = 18.62 μg/mL). The curative and protective effects of a2 against M. oryzae on rice were more than those of PMDD-5Y. Scanning electron microscopy indicated that a2 could cause mycelial growth atrophy and malformation. Furthermore, a2 (IC50 = 0.18 mmol/L) showed higher activity against laccase than PMDD-5Y (IC50 = 0.33 mmol/L) and cysteine (IC50 = 0.30 mmol/L). Molecular docking analysis revealed the nature of interaction between these compounds and laccase. This research identified a novel laccase inhibitor a2 as a fungicide candidate to control rice blast in agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengda Sun
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiaoyu Jin
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiaoming Zhang
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xingxing Lu
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Changkai Wang
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jialin Cui
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Huan Xu
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xinling Yang
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xili Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shanxi 712110, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yun Ling
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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22
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Meanwell NA, Loiseleur O. Applications of Isosteres of Piperazine in the Design of Biologically Active Compounds: Part 2. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:10972-11004. [PMID: 35675052 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c00729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Applications of piperazine and homopiperazine in drug design are well-established, and these heterocycles have found use as both scaffolding and terminal elements and also as a means of introducing a water-solubilizing element into a molecule. In the accompanying review (10.1021/acs.jafc.2c00726), we summarized applications of piperazine and homopiperazine and their fused ring homologues in bioactive compound design along with illustrations of the use of 4-substituted piperidines and a sulfoximine-based mimetic. In this review, we discuss applications of pyrrolidine- and fused-pyrrolidine-based mimetics of piperazine and homopiperazine and illustrate derivatives of azetidine that include stretched and spirocyclic motifs, along with applications of a series of diaminocycloalkanes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas A Meanwell
- Small Molecule Drug Discovery, Bristol Myers Squibb Research and Early Development, Post Office Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - Olivier Loiseleur
- Syngenta Crop Protection Research, Schaffhauserstrasse, CH-4332 Stein, Switzerland
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23
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Meanwell NA, Loiseleur O. Applications of Isosteres of Piperazine in the Design of Biologically Active Compounds: Part 1. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:10942-10971. [PMID: 35675050 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c00726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Piperazine and homopiperazine are well-studied heterocycles in drug design that have found gainful application as scaffolds and terminal elements and for enhancing the aqueous solubility of a molecule. The optimization of drug candidates that incorporate these heterocycles in an effort to refine potency, selectivity, and developability properties has stimulated the design and evaluation of a wide range of bioisosteres that can offer advantage. In this review, we summarize the design and application of bioisosteres of piperazine and homopiperazine that have almost exclusively been in the drug design arena. While there are ∼100 approved drugs that incorporate a piperazine ring, only a single marketed agricultural product is built on this heterocycle. As part of the review, we discuss some of the potential reasons underlying the relatively low level of importance of this heterocycle to the design of agrochemicals and highlight the potential opportunities for their use in contemporary research programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas A Meanwell
- Small Molecule Drug Discovery, Bristol Myers Squibb Research and Early Development, PO Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - Olivier Loiseleur
- Syngenta Crop Protection Research, Schaffhauserstrasse, Stein CH-4332, Switzerland
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24
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Chen D, Hao G, Song B. Finding the Missing Property Concepts in Pesticide-Likeness. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:10090-10099. [PMID: 35971945 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c02757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Poor bioavailability of pesticides is one of the major bottlenecks in the development of pesticides. Applications of the concept of pesticide-likeness have been widely accepted as one of the ways to break the bottleneck. At present, the evaluation of pesticide-likeness is mainly based on absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADME-T) property concepts of pesticides. However, a few significant property concepts of pesticides are ignored in the research of pesticide-likeness. Herein, we summarize the current study of ADME-T and other property concepts and analyze physicochemical properties for pesticides in the last 30 years, such as Fsp3, log P, and chiral centers. On the basis of these analyses, we propose that molecular complexity and residual property concepts of pesticides should be considered in the pesticide-likeness study. We hope that this work can help pesticide researchers and students, who are less knowledgeable in the field, to assess pesticide-likeness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyu Chen
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for Research and Development of Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, People's Republic of China
| | - Gefei Hao
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for Research and Development of Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, People's Republic of China
| | - Baoan Song
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for Research and Development of Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, People's Republic of China
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25
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Park M, Kim H, Kim M, Im MH. Reduction in residual cyantraniliprole levels in spinach after various washing and blanching methods. Front Nutr 2022; 9:948671. [PMID: 35967805 PMCID: PMC9370550 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.948671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pesticides are used to protect crops from pests and diseases. However, as many pesticides are toxic to humans, it is necessary to assess methods that can remove pesticide residues from agricultural products before human consumption. Spinach is consumed immediately after a relatively simple washing and heating process in the Republic of Korea. Cyantraniliprole is used as a systemic insecticide during spinach cultivation, which means it might remain in the crop after processing. Consequently, it is important to assess whether residues can be reduced to levels that are harmless to the human body after processing. This study investigated lowering the residual cyantraniliprole levels in spinach after washing and blanching. The amount of cyantraniliprole residue in the spinach samples sprayed with cyantraniliprole during cultivation was analyzed using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS). The time of each washing and blanching method was set at 1, 3, and 5 min. The residual levels of cyantraniliprole decreased by 15.1-54.6% and 60.1-93.5% based on the washing and blanching methods employed. The most effective washing method to lower residual cyantraniliprole levels was steeping with a neutral detergent, resulting in cyantraniliprole reduction by 42.9-54.6%. When spinach was blanched after steeping washing with a neutral detergent, the largest removal rates of 77.9 and 91.2% were observed after 1 and 3 min of blanching, respectively. Blanching for 5 min after steeping and running washing exhibited the highest reduction rate of 93.5%. Therefore, a considerable amount of cyantraniliprole residue in spinach could be removed by washing or blanching. Based on the results of this study, blanching after steeping washing can be implemented as an effective method of lowering pesticide concentrations in spinach and other crops, thereby reducing their potential toxicity to humans upon consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Moo-hyeog Im
- Department of Food Engineering, Daegu University, Gyenogsan, South Korea
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26
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Li G, Xiao K, Shi M, Shuai J, Xu Z, Li Z, Cheng J. 4-oxo-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine derivatives: design, synthesis, insecticidal assay and binding mode studies. Chem Biodivers 2022; 19:e202200236. [PMID: 35781793 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202200236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A series of 4-oxo-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1 H -pyrazolo[3,4- d ]pyrimidine derivatives were designed and synthesized based on the fipronil low energy conformation by scaffold hopping strategy. Physicochemical properties calculation, insecticidal activities evaluation and binding mode studies were also performed. As a result, the insecticidal activities of the target compounds were lower than that of fipronil. The differences in binding mode between these compounds and fipronil may be the major reason for reduced insecticidal activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanglong Li
- East China University of Science and Technology, School of pharmacy, Meilong Road 130, 200237, Shanghai, CHINA
| | - Keya Xiao
- East China University of Science and Technology, School of pharmacy, Meilong Road 130, Shanghai, CHINA
| | - Man Shi
- East China University of Science and Technology, School of pharmacy, Meilong Road 130, Shanghai, CHINA
| | - Jing Shuai
- East China University of Science and Technology, School of pharmacy, Meilong Road 130, Shanghai, CHINA
| | - Zhiping Xu
- East China University of Science and Technology, School of pharmacy, Meilong Road 130, Shanghai, CHINA
| | - Zhong Li
- East China University of Science and Technology, School of pharmacy, Meilong Road 130, Shanghai, CHINA
| | - Jiagao Cheng
- East China University of Science and Technology, School of pharmacy, Meilong Road 130, 200237, Shanghai, CHINA
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27
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Elliott JR, Compton RG. Modeling Transcuticular Uptake from Particle-Based Formulations of Lipophilic Products. ACS AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 2:603-614. [PMID: 35756577 PMCID: PMC9214695 DOI: 10.1021/acsagscitech.2c00029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
![]()
We
report a mathematical model for the uptake of lipophilic agrochemicals
from dispersed spherical particles within a formulation droplet across
the leaf cuticle. Two potential uptake pathways are identified: direct
uptake via physical contact between the cuticle and particle and indirect
uptake via initial release of material into the formulation droplet
followed by partition across the cuticle-formulation interface. Numerical
simulation is performed to investigate the relevance of the particle-cuticle
contact angle, the release kinetics of the particle, and the particle
size relative to the cuticle thickness. Limiting cases for each pathway
are identified and investigated. The input of typical physicochemical
parameters suggests that the indirect pathway is generally dominant
unless pesticide release is under strict kinetic control. Evidence
is presented for a hitherto unrecognized “leaching effect”
and the mutual exclusivity of the two pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph R. Elliott
- Department of Chemistry, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, Great Britain
| | - Richard G. Compton
- Department of Chemistry, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, Great Britain
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28
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Yang Z, Xu J, Du L, Yin J, Wang Z, Yi F, Duan L, Li Z, Wang B, Shu K, Tan W. Design, Synthesis, and Action Mechanism of 1,3-Benzodioxole Derivatives as Potent Auxin Receptor Agonists and Root Growth Promoters. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:902902. [PMID: 35755644 PMCID: PMC9226723 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.902902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Deeper and longer roots allow crops to survive and flourish, but our understanding of the plant growth regulators promoting root system establishment is limited. Here, we report that, a novel auxin receptor agonist, named K-10, had a remarkable promotive effect on root growth in both Arabidopsis thaliana and Oryza sativa through the enhancement of root-related signaling responses. Using computer-aided drug discovery approaches, we developed potent lead compound by screening artificial chemicals on the basis of the auxin receptor TIR1 (Transport Inhibitor Response 1), and a series of N-(benzo[d] [1,3] dioxol-5-yl)-2-(one-benzylthio) acetamides, K-1 to K-22, were designed and synthesized. The results of bioassay showed that K-10 exhibited an excellent root growth-promoting activity far exceeding that of NAA (1-naphthylacetic acid). A further morphological investigation of the auxin related mutants (yucQ, tir1) revealed that K-10 had auxin-like physiological functions and was recognized by TIR1, and K-10 significantly enhanced auxin response reporter's (DR5:GUS) transcriptional activity. Consistently, transcriptome analysis showed that K-10 induced a common transcriptional response with auxin and down-regulated the expression of root growth-inhibiting genes. Further molecular docking analysis revealed that K-10 had a stronger binding ability with TIR1 than NAA. These results indicated that this class of derivatives could be a promising scaffold for the discovery and development of novel auxin receptor agonists, and the employment of K-10 may be effective for enhancing root growth and crop production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhikun Yang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Green Pharmaceutical Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Del-ta Region, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiahui Xu
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Lin Du
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaming Yin
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhao Wang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Yi
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Liusheng Duan
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaohu Li
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Baomin Wang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Kai Shu
- School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Weiming Tan
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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29
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Mei LC, Chen HM, Dong AY, Huang GY, Liu YW, Zhang X, Wang W, Hao GF, Yang GF. Pesticide Informatics Platform (PIP): An International Platform for Pesticide Discovery, Residue, and Risk Evaluation. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:6617-6623. [PMID: 35617526 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c02141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Pesticides are widely used agrochemicals for crop protection. The need for novel pesticides becomes urgent as a result of the emergence of resistance and environmental toxicity. Pesticide informatics has been applied in different phase processes of pesticide target identification, active ingredient design, and impact evaluation. However, these valuable resources are scattered over the literature and web, limiting their availability. Here, we summarize and connect research on pesticide informatics resources. A pesticide informatics platform (PIP) was constructed to share these tools. We finally discuss the future direction of pesticide informatics, including pesticide contamination. We expect to share the pesticide informatics approaches and stimulate further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long-Can Mei
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui-Min Chen
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, People's Republic of China
| | - An-Yu Dong
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Research and Development Center for Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550000, People's Republic of China
| | - Guang-Yi Huang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying-Wei Liu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Research and Development Center for Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Research and Development Center for Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550000, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Research and Development Center for Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ge-Fei Hao
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Research and Development Center for Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550000, People's Republic of China
| | - Guang-Fu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, People's Republic of China
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30
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Budnikov AS, Lopat'eva ER, Krylov IB, Segida OO, Lastovko AV, Ilovaisky AI, Nikishin GI, Glinushkin AP, Terent'ev AO. 4-Nitropyrazolin-5-ones as Readily Available Fungicides of the Novel Structural Type for Crop Protection: Atom-Efficient Scalable Synthesis and Key Structural Features Responsible for Activity. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:4572-4581. [PMID: 35380816 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c07413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The development of new types of fungicides for agriculture and medicine is highly desirable due to the uprising fungal resistance against commonly used compounds. Herein, 4-substituted-4-nitropyrazolin-5-ones (nitropyrazolones) were proposed as highly active fungicides of the novel structural type. The first scalable and practical method for the nitropyrazolone synthesis was proposed, which is atom-efficient, is applicable for the multigram scale synthesis, and allows for production of a wide variety of nitropyrazolones with high yields and purity. The synthesized compounds demonstrated high fungicidal activity against the broad spectrum of phytopathogenic fungi (Venturia inaequalis, Rhizoctonia solani, Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium moniliforme, Bipolaris sorokiniana, and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum). Their mycelium growth inhibiting activity was comparable or superior to that of kresoxim-methyl. In vitro activity against Staphyloccocus aureus, Candida albicans, and Aspergillus niger revealed that nitropyrazolones are promising candidates against human pathogens. The key factors for the manifestation of high fungicidal activity were established to be an aromatic substituent on the N1 atom and small substituents, such as methyl, at the C3 and C4 positions of the pyrazolone ring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander S Budnikov
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 47 Leninsky Prosp., 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation
- All-Russian Research Institute for Phytopathology, B. Vyazyomy, Moscow Region 143050, Russian Federation
| | - Elena R Lopat'eva
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 47 Leninsky Prosp., 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Igor B Krylov
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 47 Leninsky Prosp., 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation
- All-Russian Research Institute for Phytopathology, B. Vyazyomy, Moscow Region 143050, Russian Federation
| | - Oleg O Segida
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 47 Leninsky Prosp., 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation
- All-Russian Research Institute for Phytopathology, B. Vyazyomy, Moscow Region 143050, Russian Federation
| | - Andrey V Lastovko
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 47 Leninsky Prosp., 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Alexey I Ilovaisky
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 47 Leninsky Prosp., 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation
- All-Russian Research Institute for Phytopathology, B. Vyazyomy, Moscow Region 143050, Russian Federation
| | - Gennady I Nikishin
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 47 Leninsky Prosp., 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Alexey P Glinushkin
- All-Russian Research Institute for Phytopathology, B. Vyazyomy, Moscow Region 143050, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander O Terent'ev
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 47 Leninsky Prosp., 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation
- All-Russian Research Institute for Phytopathology, B. Vyazyomy, Moscow Region 143050, Russian Federation
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31
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Min LJ, Wang H, Bajsa-Hirschel J, Yu CS, Wang B, Yao MM, Han L, Cantrell CL, Duke SO, Sun NB, Liu XH. Novel Dioxolane Ring Compounds for the Management of Phytopathogen Diseases as Ergosterol Biosynthesis Inhibitors: Synthesis, Biological Activities, and Molecular Docking. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:4303-4315. [PMID: 35357135 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c00541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Thirty novel dioxolane ring compounds were designed and synthesized. Their chemical structures were confirmed by 1H NMR, HRMS, and single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Bioassays indicated that these dioxolane ring derivatives exhibited excellent fungicidal activity against Rhizoctonia solani, Pyricularia oryae, Botrytis cinerea, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Fusarium oxysporum, Physalospora piricola, Cercospora arachidicola and herbicidal activity against lettuce (Lactuca sativa), bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera), and duckweed (Lemna pausicostata). Among these compounds, 1-((2-(4-chlorophenyl)-5-methyl-1,3-dioxan-2-yl)methyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole (D17), 1-(((4R)-2-(4-chlorophenyl)-4-methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-yl)methyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole (D20), 1-((5-methyl-2-(4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-1,3-dioxan-2-yl)methyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole (D22), and 1-((2-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,3-dioxolan-2-yl)methyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole (D26) had broad spectrum fungicidal and herbicidal activity. The IC50 values against duckweed were 20.5 ± 9.0, 14.2 ± 6.7, 24.0 ± 11.0, 8.7 ± 3.5, and 8.0 ± 3.1 μM for D17, D20, D22, and D26 and the positive control difenoconazole, respectively. The EC50 values were 7.31 ± 0.67, 9.74 ± 0.83, 17.32 ± 1.23, 11.96 ± 0.98, and 8.93 ± 0.91 mg/L for D17, D20, D22, and D26 and the positive control difenoconazole against the plant pathogen R. solani, respectively. Germination experiments with Arabidopsis seeds indicated that the target of these dioxolane ring compounds in plants is brassinosteroid biosynthesis. Molecular simulation docking results of compound D26 and difenoconazole with fungal CYP51 P450 confirmed that they both inhibit this enzyme involved in ergosterol biosynthesis. The structure-activity relationships (SAR) are discussed by substituent effect, molecular docking, and density functional theory analysis, which provided useful information for designing more active compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Jing Min
- College of Life Science, Key Laboratory of Vector Biology and Pathogen Control of Zhejiang Province, Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Han Wang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Joanna Bajsa-Hirschel
- Natural Products Utilization Research Unit, USDA ARS, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Chen-Sheng Yu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Bin Wang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
- College of Biology and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, Zhejiang, China
| | - Meng-Meng Yao
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
- College of Biology and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, Zhejiang, China
| | - Liang Han
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Charles L Cantrell
- Natural Products Utilization Research Unit, USDA ARS, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Stephen O Duke
- National Center for Natural Product Research, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, P.O. Box 1848, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Na-Bo Sun
- College of Biology and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xing-Hai Liu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
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Franco CA, da Silva TI, Dias MG, Ferreira BW, de Sousa BL, Bousada GM, Barreto RW, Vaz BG, Lima GDS, Dos Santos MH, Grossi JAS, Vieira Varejão EV. Synthesis of Tyrosol 1,2,3-Triazole Derivatives and Their Phytotoxic Activity against Euphorbia heterophylla. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:2806-2816. [PMID: 35225607 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c06012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis and phytotoxic activity of a series of tyrosol 1,2,3-triazole derivatives are reported herein. Target compounds were synthesized through the copper(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition reaction (CuAAC), known as click reaction, and these were tested for phytotoxic activity on leaves of wild poinsettia (Euphorbia heterophylla), fleabane (Conyza sumatrensis), and tropical spiderwort (Commelina benghalensis). These are three highly noxious agricultural weeds that challenge available weed control methods, including the use of chemical herbicides. Twenty-five compounds were synthesized and tested. None of the compounds showed phytotoxic activity against C. benghalensis and C. sumatrensis, but almost all of them produced yellowing, bleaching, and necrosis on leaves of E. heterophylla. Two of the tyrosol 1,2,3-triazole derivatives produced more extensive lesions than those produced by the commercial herbicide diquat, used as a positive control (p ≤ 0.05). When applied on leaves of E. heterophylla, these compounds interfered with the stomatal conductance, net photosynthesis, internal carbon concentration, transpiration rate, water-use efficiency, and chlorophyll A and B contents. The interference of such compounds on such photosynthesis-related variables indicates that tyrosol 1,2,3-triazole derivatives may be capable of lowering the competitiveness of E. heterophylla and acting as additional tools for managing this competitive weed in agricultural lands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiane Aparecida Franco
- Department of Chemistry, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av PH Rolfs sn, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36.570-900, Brazil
| | - Toshik Iarley da Silva
- Department of Agronomy, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av PH Rolfs sn, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36.570-900, Brazil
| | - Marlon Gomes Dias
- Department of Agronomy, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av PH Rolfs sn, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36.570-900, Brazil
| | - Bruno Wesley Ferreira
- Department of Phytopathology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av PH Rolfs sn, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36.570-900, Brazil
| | - Bianca Lana de Sousa
- Department of Chemistry, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av PH Rolfs sn, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36.570-900, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Mateus Bousada
- Department of Chemistry, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av PH Rolfs sn, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36.570-900, Brazil
| | - Robert Weingart Barreto
- Department of Phytopathology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av PH Rolfs sn, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36.570-900, Brazil
| | - Boniek Gontijo Vaz
- Institute of Chemistry, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Av Esperança, sn, Samambaia, Goiânia 74.690-900, Brazil
| | - Gesiane da Silva Lima
- Institute of Chemistry, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Av Esperança, sn, Samambaia, Goiânia 74.690-900, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Henrique Dos Santos
- Department of Chemistry, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av PH Rolfs sn, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36.570-900, Brazil
| | - José Antônio Saraiva Grossi
- Department of Agronomy, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av PH Rolfs sn, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36.570-900, Brazil
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Chan DH, Deane OJ, Kynaston EL, Lindsay C, Taylor P, Armes SP. Sterically Stabilized Diblock Copolymer Nanoparticles Enable Convenient Preparation of Suspension Concentrates Comprising Various Agrochemical Actives. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:2885-2894. [PMID: 35192370 PMCID: PMC9007534 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c03275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
It is well known that sterically stabilized diblock copolymer nanoparticles can be readily prepared using polymerization-induced self-assembly. Recently, we reported that such nanoparticles can be employed as a dispersant to prepare micron-sized particles of a widely used fungicide (azoxystrobin) via ball milling. In the present study, we examine the effect of varying the nature of the steric stabilizer block, the mean nanoparticle diameter, and the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the core-forming block on the particle size and colloidal stability of such azoxystrobin microparticles. In addition, the effect of crosslinking the nanoparticle cores is also investigated. Laser diffraction studies indicated the formation of azoxystrobin microparticles of approximately 2 μm diameter after milling for between 15 and 30 min at 6000 rpm. Diblock copolymer nanoparticles comprising a non-ionic steric stabilizer, rather than a cationic or anionic steric stabilizer, were determined to be more effective dispersants. Furthermore, nanoparticles of up to 51 nm diameter enabled efficient milling and ensured overall suspension concentrate stability. Moreover, crosslinking the nanoparticle cores and adjusting the Tg of the core-forming block had little effect on the milling of azoxystrobin. Finally, we show that this versatile approach is also applicable to five other organic crystalline agrochemicals, namely pinoxaden, cyproconazole, difenoconazole, isopyrazam and tebuconazole. TEM studies confirmed the adsorption of sterically stabilized nanoparticles at the surface of such agrochemical microparticles. The nanoparticles are characterized using TEM, DLS, aqueous electrophoresis and 1H NMR spectroscopy, while the final aqueous' suspension concentrates comprising microparticles of the above six agrochemical actives are characterized using optical microscopy, laser diffraction and electron microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek
H. H. Chan
- Dainton
Building, Chemistry Department, University
of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South
Yorkshire S3 7HF, U.K.
| | - Oliver J. Deane
- Dainton
Building, Chemistry Department, University
of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South
Yorkshire S3 7HF, U.K.
| | - Emily L. Kynaston
- Syngenta,
Jealott’s Hill International Research Centre, Bracknell, Berkshire RG42 6EY, U.K.
| | - Christopher Lindsay
- Syngenta,
Jealott’s Hill International Research Centre, Bracknell, Berkshire RG42 6EY, U.K.
| | - Philip Taylor
- Syngenta,
Jealott’s Hill International Research Centre, Bracknell, Berkshire RG42 6EY, U.K.
| | - Steven P. Armes
- Dainton
Building, Chemistry Department, University
of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South
Yorkshire S3 7HF, U.K.
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Strutt R, Sheffield F, Barlow NE, Flemming AJ, Harling JD, Law RV, Brooks NJ, Barter LMC, Ces O. UV-DIB: label-free permeability determination using droplet interface bilayers. LAB ON A CHIP 2022; 22:972-985. [PMID: 35107110 DOI: 10.1039/d1lc01155c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Simple diffusion of molecular entities through a phospholipid bilayer, is a phenomenon of great importance to the pharmaceutical and agricultural industries. Current model lipid systems to probe this typically only employ fluorescence as a readout, thus limiting the range of assessable chemical matter that can be studied. We report a new technology platform, the UV-DIB, which facilitates label free measurement of small molecule translocation rates. This is based upon the coupling of droplet interface bilayer technology with implemented fiber optics to facilitate analysis via ultraviolet spectroscopy, in custom designed PMMA wells. To improve on current DIB technology, the platform was designed to be reusable, with a high sampling rate and a limit of UV detection in the low μM regime. We demonstrate the use of our system to quantify passive diffusion in a reproducible and rapid manner where the system was validated by investigating multiple permeants of varying physicochemical properties across a range of lipid interfaces, each demonstrating differing kinetics. Our system permits the interrogation of structural dependence on the permeation rate of a given compound. We present this ability from two structural perspectives, that of the membrane, and the permeant. We observed a reduction in permeability between pure DOPC and DPhPC interfaces, concurring with literature and demonstrating our ability to study the effects of lipid composition on permeability. In relation to the effects of permeant structure, our device facilitated the rank ordering of various compounds from the xanthine class of compounds, where the structure of each permeant differed by a single group alteration. We found that DIBs were stable up to 5% DMSO, a molecule often used to aid solubilisation of pharmaceutical and agrochemical compounds. The ability of our device to rank-order compounds with such minor structural differences provides a level of precision that is rarely seen in current, industrially applied technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Strutt
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, Shepherd's Bush, London, W12 0BZ, UK.
- Institute of Chemical Biology, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, Shepherd's Bush, London, W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Felix Sheffield
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, Shepherd's Bush, London, W12 0BZ, UK.
- Institute of Chemical Biology, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, Shepherd's Bush, London, W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Nathan E Barlow
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, Shepherd's Bush, London, W12 0BZ, UK.
- Institute of Chemical Biology, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, Shepherd's Bush, London, W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Anthony J Flemming
- Syngenta, Jealott's Hill International Research Centre, Bracknell, Berkshire, RG42 6EY, UK
| | - John D Harling
- Medicinal Chemistry, GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage, SG1 2NY, UK
| | - Robert V Law
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, Shepherd's Bush, London, W12 0BZ, UK.
- Institute of Chemical Biology, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, Shepherd's Bush, London, W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Nicholas J Brooks
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, Shepherd's Bush, London, W12 0BZ, UK.
- Institute of Chemical Biology, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, Shepherd's Bush, London, W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Laura M C Barter
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, Shepherd's Bush, London, W12 0BZ, UK.
- Institute of Chemical Biology, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, Shepherd's Bush, London, W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Oscar Ces
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, Shepherd's Bush, London, W12 0BZ, UK.
- Institute of Chemical Biology, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, Shepherd's Bush, London, W12 0BZ, UK
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Oliveira C, Orozco-Restrepo SM, Alves AC, Pinto BS, Miranda MS, Barbosa MH, Picanço MC, Pereira EJ. Seed treatment for managing fall armyworm as a defoliator and cutworm on maize: plant protection, residuality, and the insect life history. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2022; 78:1240-1250. [PMID: 34850531 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The highly polyphagous and invasive fall armyworm (FAW, Spodoptera frugiperda) can feed on different plant parts of host crops, damaging whorls and stalks in early maize growth stages. Systemic insecticide seed treatment (IST) could minimize this damage, although the residual efficacy may vary with the plant tissue damaged. Using damage rating scales and artificial infestation in controlled conditions, we determined the potential of IST against FAW attacking maize whorl leaves or the stalk base. RESULTS Chlorantraniliprole, cyantraniliprole, or thiodicarb + imidacloprid IST similarly killed > 80% FAWs for 1 or 2 weeks after plant emergence depending on the plant tissue attacked. The residual efficacy (i.e. time after plant emergence sustaining > 80% larval mortality) lasted from the first to the eleventh day (VE-V3 maize growth stages), while for cutworm on the maize stalk base, it lasted 3-7 days after plant emergence (V1-V2 stages). In terms of damage, the ISTs lasted 15 days after emergence (V4 stage) for FAW on whorl leaves and 10 days (V3 stage) for FAW feeding on the stalk base. The larvae surviving on the seed-treated plants underwent sublethal effects in growth and development, reducing insect fitness. CONCLUSION Diamide or carbamate + neonicotinoid seed treatments kill FAW larvae on maize whorls or stalks in favorable edaphoclimatic and insecticide-susceptibility conditions. The cumulative impacts of systemic IST on aboveground insect pests go beyond mortality. The ISTs studied can be valuable against FAW in maize, for instance, to help protect varieties that may not express sufficient insect resistance in maize early growth stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Oliveira
- Department of Entomology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
- Bioagro, National Institute of Science and Technology in Plant-Pest Interactions, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | - Silvana M Orozco-Restrepo
- Department of Entomology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
- Bioagro, National Institute of Science and Technology in Plant-Pest Interactions, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | - Antônio Cl Alves
- Department of Plant Science, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | - Braullio S Pinto
- Department of Entomology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | - Morgana S Miranda
- Department of Entomology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
- Bioagro, National Institute of Science and Technology in Plant-Pest Interactions, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | - Márcio Hp Barbosa
- Department of Plant Science, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | - Marcelo C Picanço
- Department of Entomology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | - Eliseu Jg Pereira
- Department of Entomology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
- Bioagro, National Institute of Science and Technology in Plant-Pest Interactions, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
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de la Fuente M, Folgar RM, Martínez-Paz P, Cortés E, Martínez-Guitarte JL, Morales M. Effect of environmental stressors on the mRNA expression of ecdysone cascade genes in Chironomus riparius. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:10210-10221. [PMID: 34515935 PMCID: PMC8783914 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16339-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Chemical compounds produced by humans are continuously reaching the environment. In this work, we characterised the expression patterns of important endocrine-related genes involved in the ecdysone pathway in the fourth larval instar of the model species Chironomus riparius after exposure to three chemicals: ethinyl oestradiol (EE), nonylphenol (NP) and bis(tributyltin) oxide (TBTO). We used real-time PCR to analyse the gene expression levels of ecdysone receptor (EcR) and ultraspiracle (usp), two genes that encode the dimerising partners of the functional ecdysone receptor; the orphan receptor ERR (oestrogen-related receptor), with an unknown function in invertebrates; and E74, an early response gene induced by ecdysteroids. We estimated the bioaccumulation potential, bioavailability and physicochemical properties of these chemicals, together with a number of other exogenous agents known to interfere with the hormonal system. We also provide a review of previous transcriptional studies showing the effect of all these chemicals on ecdysone cascade genes. This analysis provides useful data for future ecotoxicological studies involving invertebrate species. CAPSULE: Changes in transcriptional activities of EcR, E74, usp and ERR genes after exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals would be useful as molecular bioindicators of endocrine disruption in Chironomus riparius.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercedes de la Fuente
- Grupo de Biología y Toxicología Ambiental, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, UNED. Urbanización Monte Rozas. Avda. Esparta s/n. Ctra. de Las Rozas al Escorial Km. 5, 28232, Las Rozas-Madrid, Spain
| | - Raquel Martín Folgar
- Grupo de Biología y Toxicología Ambiental, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, UNED. Urbanización Monte Rozas. Avda. Esparta s/n. Ctra. de Las Rozas al Escorial Km. 5, 28232, Las Rozas-Madrid, Spain.
| | - Pedro Martínez-Paz
- Grupo de Biología y Toxicología Ambiental, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, UNED. Urbanización Monte Rozas. Avda. Esparta s/n. Ctra. de Las Rozas al Escorial Km. 5, 28232, Las Rozas-Madrid, Spain
- Grupo de Biomedicina en Cuidados Críticos, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valladolid, Av. Ramón y Cajal 7, 47005, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Estrella Cortés
- Grupo de Biología y Toxicología Ambiental, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, UNED. Urbanización Monte Rozas. Avda. Esparta s/n. Ctra. de Las Rozas al Escorial Km. 5, 28232, Las Rozas-Madrid, Spain
| | - José Luis Martínez-Guitarte
- Grupo de Biología y Toxicología Ambiental, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, UNED. Urbanización Monte Rozas. Avda. Esparta s/n. Ctra. de Las Rozas al Escorial Km. 5, 28232, Las Rozas-Madrid, Spain
| | - Mónica Morales
- Grupo de Biología y Toxicología Ambiental, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, UNED. Urbanización Monte Rozas. Avda. Esparta s/n. Ctra. de Las Rozas al Escorial Km. 5, 28232, Las Rozas-Madrid, Spain
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Meyer KG, Bravo-Altamirano K, Herrick J, Loy BA, Yao C, Nugent B, Buchan Z, Daeuble JF, Heemstra R, Jones DM, Wilmot J, Lu Y, DeKorver K, DeLorbe J, Rigoli J. Discovery of florylpicoxamid, a mimic of a macrocyclic natural product. Bioorg Med Chem 2021; 50:116455. [PMID: 34757295 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2021.116455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Natural products have routinely been used both as sources of and inspiration for new crop protection active ingredients. The natural product UK-2A has potent anti-fungal activity but lacks key attributes for field translation. Post-fermentation conversion of UK-2A to fenpicoxamid resulted in an active ingredient with a new target site of action for cereal and banana pathogens. Here we demonstrate the creation of a synthetic variant of fenpicoxamid via identification of the structural elements of UK-2A that are needed for anti-fungal activity. Florylpicoxamid is a non-macrocyclic active ingredient bearing two fewer stereocenters than fenpicoxamid, controls a broad spectrum of fungal diseases at low use rates and has a concise, scalable route which is aligned with green chemistry principles. The development of florylpicoxamid represents the first example of using a stepwise deconstruction of a macrocyclic natural product to design a fully synthetic crop protection active ingredient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin G Meyer
- Corteva Agriscience, 9330 Zionsville Road, Indianapolis, IN 46268, USA.
| | | | - Jessica Herrick
- Corteva Agriscience, 9330 Zionsville Road, Indianapolis, IN 46268, USA
| | - Brian A Loy
- Corteva Agriscience, 9330 Zionsville Road, Indianapolis, IN 46268, USA
| | - Chenglin Yao
- Corteva Agriscience, 9330 Zionsville Road, Indianapolis, IN 46268, USA
| | - Ben Nugent
- Corteva Agriscience, 9330 Zionsville Road, Indianapolis, IN 46268, USA
| | - Zachary Buchan
- Corteva Agriscience, 9330 Zionsville Road, Indianapolis, IN 46268, USA
| | - John F Daeuble
- Corteva Agriscience, 9330 Zionsville Road, Indianapolis, IN 46268, USA
| | - Ron Heemstra
- Corteva Agriscience, 9330 Zionsville Road, Indianapolis, IN 46268, USA
| | - David M Jones
- Corteva Agriscience, 9330 Zionsville Road, Indianapolis, IN 46268, USA
| | - Jeremy Wilmot
- Corteva Agriscience, 9330 Zionsville Road, Indianapolis, IN 46268, USA
| | - Yu Lu
- Corteva Agriscience, 9330 Zionsville Road, Indianapolis, IN 46268, USA
| | - Kyle DeKorver
- Corteva Agriscience, 9330 Zionsville Road, Indianapolis, IN 46268, USA
| | - Johnathan DeLorbe
- Corteva Agriscience, 9330 Zionsville Road, Indianapolis, IN 46268, USA
| | - Jared Rigoli
- Corteva Agriscience, 9330 Zionsville Road, Indianapolis, IN 46268, USA
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Krähmer H, Walter H, Jeschke P, Haaf K, Baur P, Evans R. What makes a molecule a pre- or a post-herbicide - how valuable are physicochemical parameters for their design? PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2021; 77:4863-4873. [PMID: 34176232 PMCID: PMC8519102 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Pre-emergence herbicides are taken up by seeds before germination and by roots, hypocotyls, cotyledons, coleoptiles or leaves before emergence, whereas post-emergence herbicides are taken up primarily by foliage and stems. Most modern pre-emergence herbicides are lipophilic, but post-emergence herbicides may be lipophilic or hydrophilic. The metabolic conversion of herbicides to inactive or active metabolites after plant uptake is of major importance for some compound classes. Several herbicides are proherbicides as for example some acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase (ACCase)-inhibitors. The physicochemical characteristics of proherbicides and herbicides are usually unrelated. A major role can be attributed to the site of action at a cellular level. A great number of herbicides such as photosystem II (PS II)-inhibitors, protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO)-inhibitors or carotenoid biosynthesis inhibitors require light for activity. Others, such as cellulose-biosynthesis and mitotic inhibitors seem to be primarily active in belowground organs. Several lipophilic barriers against the uptake of xenobiotics exist in aboveground and belowground plant parts. The relevance of these barriers needs, however, further clarification. Uptake and translocation models are valuable tools for the explanation of the potential movement of compounds. Many factors other than uptake and translocation have, however, to be considered for the design of herbicides. For post-emergence herbicides, ultraviolet (UV) light stability, stability in formulations, and mixability with other agrochemicals have to be kept in mind while, in addition to the aforementioned factors soil interaction plays a major role for pre-emergence herbicides. In our opinion, general physicochemical characteristics of pre- or post-emergence herbicides do, unfortunately not exist yet. © 2021 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Peter Jeschke
- Research & Development, Crop Science, Pest Control ChemistryBayer AGMonheim am RheinGermany
| | - Klaus Haaf
- Research & Development, Crop Science, Weed Control ChemistryBayer AGFrankfurt am MainGermany
| | - Peter Baur
- CropPromotion AdviceSchondorf am AmmerseeGermany
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Lin X, Li Y, Zhong W, Hong T, Li L, Song S, He D. Synthesis, Bioactivity, and QSAR Study of 3,4-Dichlorophenyl Isoxazole-Substituted Stilbene Derivatives against the Phytopathogenic Fungus Botrytis cinerea. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:9520-9528. [PMID: 34382783 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c01816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Gray mold, caused by Botrytis cinerea, is one of the most destructive fungal diseases in crops, responsible for significant economic losses. In search of natural product-based fungicides, we designed and synthesized a series of novel 3,4-dichlorophenyl isoxazole-substituted stilbene derivatives, and their in vivo antifungal activities against B. cinerea were evaluated. The results indicated that some of the target molecules demonstrated remarkable efficiency for the control of tomato gray mold. In particular, compound 5r displayed the highest fungicidal potency with an inhibition rate of 56.11% comparable to that of positive control boscalid (66.96%). Moreover, a hologram quantitative structure-activity relationship (HQSAR) model with good predictive capability was developed to provide in-depth insight into the activity profiles of these compounds. Preliminary mechanism studies suggested that compound 5r might exert its antifungal effect by changing hyphal morphology and increasing the membrane permeability. The present study contributes to the development of natural stilbene derivatives as alternative bioactive agents against B. cinerea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingdong Lin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiqiang Zhong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Tian Hong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Lihuang Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaoyun Song
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Daohang He
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, People's Republic of China
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40
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Comprehensive machine learning based study of the chemical space of herbicides. Sci Rep 2021; 11:11479. [PMID: 34075109 PMCID: PMC8169684 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-90690-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Widespread use of herbicides results in the global increase in weed resistance. The rotational use of herbicides according to their modes of action (MoAs) and discovery of novel phytotoxic molecules are the two strategies used against the weed resistance. Herein, Random Forest modeling was used to build predictive models and establish comprehensive characterization of structure–activity relationships underlying herbicide classifications according to their MoAs and weed selectivity. By combining the predictive models with herbicide-likeness rules defined by selected molecular features (numbers of H-bond acceptors and donors, logP, topological and relative polar surface area, and net charge), the virtual stepwise screening platform is proposed for characterization of small weight molecules for their phytotoxic properties. The screening cascade was applied on the data set of phytotoxic natural products. The obtained results may be valuable for refinement of herbicide rotational program as well as for discovery of novel herbicides primarily among natural products as a source for molecules of novel structures and novel modes of action and translocation profiles as compared with the synthetic compounds.
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Cibanal IL, Fernández LA, Murray AP, Pellegrini CN, Gallez LM. Propolis extract and oregano essential oil as biofungicides for garlic seed cloves: in vitro assays and synergistic interaction against Penicillium allii. J Appl Microbiol 2021; 131:1909-1918. [PMID: 33754439 DOI: 10.1111/jam.15081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This study aimed to evaluate in vitro individual and combined antifungal activity of propolis extract (PE) and oregano essential oil (OEO) against Penicillium allii, causal agent of blue mould disease. The chemical characterization of both products was also included. METHODS AND RESULTS Chromatographic analysis of PE and OEO confirmed the presence of bioactive compounds. The antifungal susceptibility assays showed that PE and OEO were highly active against the mycelial growth and conidial germination of P. allii. PE and OEO MICs were 12·5 and 1·5 μl ml-1 , respectively. The MFCs of these products were 50 and 3·1 μl ml-1 , respectively. PE acted mainly through diffusion, while OEO acted by a mixed contribution of vapour and diffusion. Synergism and additive effect between both products were found in some combination ratios. CONCLUSION PE and OEO, both natural products with different chemical composition, have a strong antifungal activity against P. allii and show a favourable interaction causing synergism. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY The results of this study indicated the potential use of PE combined with OEO as a non-conventional strategy towards the formulation of a biofungicide to control blue mould disease in garlic seed-cloves.
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Affiliation(s)
- I L Cibanal
- Laboratorio de Estudios Apícola (LAbEA-CIC), Departamento de Agronomía, Universidad Nacional del Sur, Bahía Blanca, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - L A Fernández
- Laboratorio de Estudios Apícola (LAbEA-CIC), Departamento de Agronomía, Universidad Nacional del Sur, Bahía Blanca, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - A P Murray
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional del Sur, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - C N Pellegrini
- Laboratorio de Estudios Apícola (LAbEA-CIC), Departamento de Agronomía, Universidad Nacional del Sur, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - L M Gallez
- Laboratorio de Estudios Apícola (LAbEA-CIC), Departamento de Agronomía, Universidad Nacional del Sur, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
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Yang S, Xu K, Lai Q, Zhao C, Xu H. Design, synthesis and insecticidal‐activity evaluation of
N
‐pyridylpyrazolo‐5‐methyl amines and its derivatives. J Heterocycl Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.4136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro‐Bioresources and Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education South China Agricultural University Guangzhou China
| | - Kaijie Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro‐Bioresources and Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education South China Agricultural University Guangzhou China
| | - Qiuqin Lai
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro‐Bioresources and Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education South China Agricultural University Guangzhou China
| | - Chen Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro‐Bioresources and Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education South China Agricultural University Guangzhou China
| | - Hanhong Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro‐Bioresources and Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education South China Agricultural University Guangzhou China
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Klittich CJR, Wang NX, Zhang Y, Rowland LB. A revised model of fungicide translaminar activity. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 167:104597. [PMID: 32527426 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2020.104597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Translaminar redistribution is valuable for fungicide activity but difficult to measure and predict. The translaminar activity of 38 fungicides active against cucumber powdery mildew was measured experimentally and used to develop a QSAR (Quantitative structure-activity relationship) model of translaminar movement from calculated parameters. Over 300 physiochemical parameters generated from energy-minimized 3D structures were considered and one-parameter, two-parameter, and five-parameter models were developed. The one-parameter lipophilicity model explained 39% of variability in translaminar activity in the full dataset but none of the variability in the small succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor (SDHI) set. Adding a polar surface area parameter to the lipophilicity parameter improved predictability to 52% and explained over 70% of the variability in the SDHI class. The expanded model with five physiochemical parameters explained more than 80% of the variability in overall translaminar redistribution. The three additional parameters were correlated with molecular size and reactivity. The models were validated with a Leave-One-Out method that showed excellent robustness (r2adj = 0.83, q2 = 0.79, p < .0001) for the five-parameter model. Because the models require only calculated parameters from a 3D chemical structure, they could enable the design or selection of compounds likely to be translaminar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla J R Klittich
- Crop Protection Discovery Research, Corteva Agriscience, 9330 Zionsville Road, Indianapolis, IN 46268, USA
| | - Nick X Wang
- Crop Protection Discovery Research, Corteva Agriscience, 9330 Zionsville Road, Indianapolis, IN 46268, USA.
| | - Yu Zhang
- Crop Protection Discovery Research, Corteva Agriscience, 9330 Zionsville Road, Indianapolis, IN 46268, USA
| | - L Boyd Rowland
- Crop Protection Discovery Research, Corteva Agriscience, 9330 Zionsville Road, Indianapolis, IN 46268, USA
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Design, synthesis and acaricidal activities of Cyflumetofen analogues based on carbon-silicon isosteric replacement. Bioorg Med Chem 2020; 28:115509. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2020.115509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Meyer D, El Qacemi M. Applications of 2-Chloro-3,3,3-trifluoroprop-1-ene (HCFO-1233xf): A Rapid Entry to Various β-Substituted-trifluoromethyl-ethenes. Org Lett 2020; 22:3479-3484. [PMID: 32281805 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c00931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
An efficient base-promoted reaction of O-, N-, and S-nucleophiles with 2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoprop-1-ene (HCFO-1233xf) is described providing access to various β-substituted-trifluoromethyl-ethenes under mild reaction conditions. Mechanistic investigations shed some light on the regio-, chemo-, and stereoselectivities observed. The olefins prepared represent attractive intermediates in chemical discovery: some applications include their conversion to pyrrolidines via a [3 + 2] dipolar cycloaddition reaction. These weakly basic amines represent novel synthons that could be readily elaborated through a range of reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Meyer
- Syngenta Crop Protection Research, Stein, Switzerland
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Pes MP, Melo AA, Stacke RS, Zanella R, Perini CR, Silva FMA, Carús Guedes JV. Translocation of chlorantraniliprole and cyantraniliprole applied to corn as seed treatment and foliar spraying to control Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). PLoS One 2020; 15:e0229151. [PMID: 32236101 PMCID: PMC7112192 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0229151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The translocation of chemical insecticides in corn plants could enhance the control of Spodoptera frugiperda, based on their application form. Chlorantraniliprole and cyantraniliprole were applied via seed treatment and foliar spray in corn (VE and V3) to characterize the systemic action of both molecules in leaves that appeared after application. Bioassays with S. frugiperda and chemical quantification in LC-MS/MS confirmed the absorption and upward translocation of chlorantraniliprole and cyantraniliprole by xylem to new leaves. Both insecticides caused the mortality of larvae up to stage V6 (57.5±9.5% for chlorantraniliprole and 40±8.1% for cyantraniliprole), indicating the translocation of insecticides into leaves of corn plants when applied via seed treatment. However, the translocation of chlorantraniliprole and cyantraniliprole from sprayed leaves to new leaves was not observed, regardless of the stage of application plus the next first, second and third stages. An increased dosage of cyantraniliprole did not influence on its translocation in plant tissues, however, it influenced on the present amount of active ingredient. The application of chlorantraniliprole and cyantraniliprole in seed treatment is an important alternative for integrated pest management. The absorption and redistribution capacity of chlorantraniliprole and cyantraniliprole throughout the plant confer a prolonged residual action with satisfactory control of S. frugiperda.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maiquel P. Pes
- Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management, Department of Crop Protection, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | - Adriano A. Melo
- Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management, Department of Crop Protection, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Regina S. Stacke
- Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management, Department of Crop Protection, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Renato Zanella
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Clérison R. Perini
- Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management, Department of Crop Protection, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Fábio M. A. Silva
- Latin America Technical Insecticide Manager, FMC Agricultural Solutions, Paulínia, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jerson V. Carús Guedes
- Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management, Department of Crop Protection, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Sparks TC, Wessels FJ, Lorsbach BA, Nugent BM, Watson GB. The new age of insecticide discovery-the crop protection industry and the impact of natural products. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 161:12-22. [PMID: 31685191 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2019.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Improvements in food production and disease vector control, to feed and protect an expanding global population, require new options and approaches for insect control. A changing and an increasingly stringent regulatory landscape, shifts in pest spectrum due to changes in agronomic practices, and insect resistance to existing insecticides, all contribute to the challenges of, and need for, developing new insect control agents. The nature of insecticides emanating from discovery R&D-based companies in the European Union, Japan, and the United States have evolved from a concentration on a few classes of insecticides and modes of action (MoA), to a far more diversified collection of insecticidal molecules that embody many new, or under-utilized MoAs. Since 1990 there has arguably been a new age of insecticide discovery, with more new classes of insecticides introduced, with greater economic impact, than the prior 50 years combined. Although there has been an on-going evolution and consolidation in the size and shape of the crop protection industry, for the past two decades the output of new insecticides has remained relatively constant. The diversity of approaches employed in the insecticide discovery process (competitor inspired, bioactive hypothesis and natural products) has contributed to the discovery of these new classes of insecticides. Insecticide discovery is today a global enterprise, that armed with new tools and capabilities, will continue to build and provide the future insect control products to meet global grower and consumer demands.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Frank J Wessels
- Corteva Agriscience, Indianapolis, IN 46268, United States of America
| | - Beth A Lorsbach
- Corteva Agriscience, Indianapolis, IN 46268, United States of America
| | - Benjamin M Nugent
- Corteva Agriscience, Indianapolis, IN 46268, United States of America
| | - Gerald B Watson
- Corteva Agriscience, Indianapolis, IN 46268, United States of America
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Swale DR. Perspectives on new strategies for the identification and development of insecticide targets. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 161:23-32. [PMID: 31685193 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2019.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The discovery and development of new active ingredients to control arthropod populations and circumvent the inevitable evolution of insecticide resistance has been of consistent interest to the field of insecticide science. This interest has resulted in a slow, but steady increase in the diversity of chemical scaffolds and biochemical target sites within the insecticide arsenal over the past 70 years with growth from three biochemical target sites in the 1950s to 22 distinct biochemical targets in 2018. Despite this growth, the number of biochemical target sites for insecticides remains relatively limited when compared to human pharmaceuticals, which has approximately 700 distinct biochemical targets that are targeted by FDA approved drugs. Potential reasons for this large discrepancy between two closely related fields and putative mechanisms to enhance the identification of tractable biochemical targets for insecticides are discussed. Next, this perspective discusses the movement of insecticide science into the "genomic era" and for comparative purposes, I provide a retrospective analysis of the impact the release of the human genome had to human pharmaceutical development. Based on this analysis and because the fields of insecticide science and human pharmaceuticals mirror each other, researchers in the field of insecticide science would do well to heed the lessons learned by the human pharmaceutical industry and to carefully consider the challenges that arise from genomic approaches for chemical development. Lastly, I pose the question if the field of insecticide science would benefit from adapting an industry-academia model through the generation of industry-sponsored centers of excellence. The goal of this article is not to definitively describe strategies to enhance insecticide development, but rather present different thoughts on agrochemical development that will foster discussions among academic, government, and industry scientists to address current and future problems in the field of insecticide science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel R Swale
- Department of Entomology, Louisiana State University AgCenter, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, United States of America.
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50
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Horty LG, Daeuble JF, Castetter S, Olson MB, Wessels FJ, Wang NX. Synthesis, stability and insecticidal activity of 2-arylstilbenes. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2019; 75:3015-3023. [PMID: 30891871 DOI: 10.1002/ps.5416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A chemical scaffold-hopping approach from known 3-hydroxyl-3-methylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors identified (E/Z)-2-arylstilbenes as novel insecticidal hits against two lepidopteran species, Spodoptera exigua and Trichoplusia ni. A structure-activity relationship (SAR) study of the aryl substituents and the E/Z conformations was carried out in an effort to improve insecticidal potency. RESULTS A series of (E/Z)-2-arylstilbenes was prepared and separated to evaluate their insecticidal potency against lepidopterous species in diet-feeding assays. The results showed that the (Z)-2-arylstilbenes were more active than their corresponding (E)-isomers, and a stereoselective synthesis was utilized to expand the SAR of the (Z)-2-arylstilbenes. (Z)-4'-Fluoro-3'-methyl-2-(2,4-difluorostyryl)-4-fluoro-5-methoxy-1,1'-biphenyl was the most potent analog in this study with strong activity against S. exigua, T. ni, Helicoverpa zea, Plutella xylostella and Pseudoplusia includens. CONCLUSION The (Z)-2-arylstilbenes were found to have strong insecticidal potency against five lepidopteran species. Ultimately, synthetic efforts could not improve insecticidal potency to commercial levels, and a lack of UV stability led to efforts being discontinued. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsey G Horty
- Corteva Agriscience™, Agricultural Division of DowDuPont, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - John F Daeuble
- Corteva Agriscience™, Agricultural Division of DowDuPont, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Scott Castetter
- Corteva Agriscience™, Agricultural Division of DowDuPont, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Monica B Olson
- Corteva Agriscience™, Agricultural Division of DowDuPont, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Frank J Wessels
- Corteva Agriscience™, Agricultural Division of DowDuPont, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Nick X Wang
- Corteva Agriscience™, Agricultural Division of DowDuPont, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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