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Kobisi ANA, Balah MA, Hassan AR. Bioactivity of silverleaf nightshade (Solanum elaeagnifolium Cav.) berries parts against Galleria mellonella and Erwinia carotovora and LC-MS chemical profile of its potential extract. Sci Rep 2024; 14:18747. [PMID: 39138246 PMCID: PMC11322330 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-68961-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Natural products received much attention as an environmentally beneficial solution for pest management. Therefore, the extracts of invasive silverleaf nightshade (Solanum elaeagnifolium Cav.) weeds using their berries parts (seeds, peels and mucilage) supported by bioassay-guided fractionation were tested against both the greater wax moth (Galleria mellonella) and Erwinia carotovora pv. carotovora causes of the blackleg of potatoes. The seeds and peels of S. elaeagnifolium were successively extracted by maceration using dichloromethane (DCM), ethyl acetate (EtOAc), and ethanol (EtOH), respectively. While, its mucilage was extracted using EtOAc. The successive EtOH extract of the plant seeds had promising inhibition efficacy and the best minimal inhibition concentration (MIC) of 50 µg/ml against E. Carotovora amongst other extracts (DCM and EtOAc of the plant berries parts). Depending on dose response activity, EtOH extract had G. mellonella larval mortality and pupal duration rates (LC50; 198.30 and LC95; 1294.73 µg/ml), respectively. Additionally, this EtOH extract of seeds was fractionated using preparative TLC to three characteristic bands. The insecticidal and bacterial activities of these isolated bands (SEA, SEB, and SEC) were evaluated at a dose of 100 µg/ml, causing mortality by 48.48, 62.63 and 92.93% (G. mellonella larvae) and inhibition by 15.22, 0.00 and 31.66 mm (E. carotovora), respectively. Moreover, the separated major three bands were tentatively identified using LC-ESI-MS analysis revealing the presence of two phenolic acids; chlorogenic acid (SEA) and dicaffeoyl quinic acid (SEB) in addition to one steroidal saponin (SEC) annotated as borassoside E or yamoscin. Finally, the plant seeds' successive EtOH extract as well as its active constituents, exhibited potential broad-spectrum activity and the ability to participate in future pest management initiatives. A field study is also recommended to validate its bio-efficacy against selected pests and to develop its formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohamed A Balah
- Plants Protection Department, Desert Research Center, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed R Hassan
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Department, Desert Research Center, Cairo, Egypt
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Singh PP, Anmol, Suresh PS, Sharma U. NADES extraction, UHPLC-ELSD-based quantification, and network pharmacology-guided target identification of fourteen specialised metabolites from Trillium govanianum Wall. ex D.Don. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2024; 35:1265-1277. [PMID: 38659229 DOI: 10.1002/pca.3357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Trillium govanianum Wall. ex D.Don is a folk medicinal herb rich in structurally diverse steroidal saponins. The annual demand for this herb in India is about 200-500 metric tons, highlighting the need for a thorough quality assessment. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to develop an easy and reliable ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-evaporative light scattering detector (UHPLC-ELSD)-based quality assessment method with 14 specialised metabolites of T. govanianum and identify the potential targets of this herb using network pharmacology. MATERIAL AND METHODS A UHPLC-ELSD method was developed and validated with 14 markers of T. govanianum. The developed method and natural deep eutectic solvent (NADES)-assisted extraction were utilised for the recovery enhancement study of targeted specialised metabolites from rhizome samples (collected from five geographically distinct areas). In addition, the network pharmacology approach was performed for these 14 markers to predict the plausible biological targets of T. govanianum. RESULT The developed method showed good linearity (r2: 0.940-0.998), limit of detection (LOD) (2.4-9.0 μg), limit of quantification (LOQ) (7.92-29.7 μg), precision (intra-day relative standard deviations [RSDs] 0.77%-1.96% and inter-day RSDs 2.19-4.97%), and accuracy (83.24%-118.90%). NADES sample TG-1* showed the highest recovery (yield: 167.66 ± 4.39 mg/g of dry weight) of total saponin content (TSC) as compared to its hydroethanolic extract (yield: 103.95 ± 5.36 mg/g of dry weight). Sample TG-1* was the most favourable (yield: 167.66 ± 4.39 mg/g) in terms of TSC as compared to other analysed samples (32.68 ± 1.04-88.22 ± 6.79 mg/g). Govanoside D (yield: 3.43-28.06 mg/g), 22β-hydroxyprotodioscin (yield: 3.22-114.79 mg/g), and dioscin (yield: 1.07-20.82 mg/g) were quantified as the major metabolites. Furthermore, network pharmacology analysis of targeted 14 markers indicated that these molecules could be possible therapeutic agents for managing neuralgia, diabetes mellitus, and hyperalgesia. CONCLUSION The current study represents the first report for the simultaneous quantification and a network pharmacology-based analysis of 14 chemical marker compounds isolated from T. govanianum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prithvi Pal Singh
- C-H Activation and Phytochemistry Lab, Chemical Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Anmol
- C-H Activation and Phytochemistry Lab, Chemical Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Patil Shivprasad Suresh
- C-H Activation and Phytochemistry Lab, Chemical Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, India
| | - Upendra Sharma
- C-H Activation and Phytochemistry Lab, Chemical Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
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Singh PP, Sharma U. Network pharmacology-guided therapeutic exploration of a new trihydroxy fatty ester isolated from rhizomes of Trillium govanianum. Nat Prod Res 2024:1-5. [PMID: 38979980 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2024.2375318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
One new previously undescribed trihydroxy fatty ester (1) and three known aliphatic alkenes (2-4) have been isolated from the rhizomes of Trillium govanianum Wall. ex D.Don. The structures of isolated molecules were elucidated using extensive spectroscopic techniques including NMR, HR-ESI-MS, and FT-IR, respectively. This is the first report on the isolation of compounds 3 and 4 from the Trillium genus. Moreover, through a network pharmacology approach, the therapeutic potential of the isolated molecules was investigated. This analysis revealed that these fatty alkenes can be utilised for managing health conditions such as pneumonitis, inflammatory pain, and endothelial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prithvi Pal Singh
- C-H Activation & Phytochemistry Lab, Chemical Technology Division CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Upendra Sharma
- C-H Activation & Phytochemistry Lab, Chemical Technology Division CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
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Singh Bisht S, Meena RK, Bhandari MS, Pal Singh P, Sharma U, Bisht A, Verma PK. Exploring Steroidal Saponin Composition and Morphometric Characteristics of Rhizomes from Trillium govanianum Wall. ex D. Don: Inference for Medicinal Properties and Genetic Stock Improvement. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202400588. [PMID: 38651315 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202400588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Trillium govanianum, a medicinal herb, exhibiting diverse morphometric traits and phytochemicals across developmental stages of plants. The changes in the chemical profile and steroidal saponin levels in the rhizome of T. govanianum across different developmental stages were previously unknown. This study categorizes rhizomes into three types based on scar presence: juvenile (5-10 scars, Type I), young (11-19 scars, Type II), and mature (21-29 scars, Type III). Rhizomes show varying sizes (length 1.2-4.7 cm, girth 0.3-1.6 cm), weight (0.18-5.0 g), and extractive yields (9.7-16.1 % w w-1), with notable differences in saponin content (5.95-21.9 mg g-1). Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-MS/MS (UHPLC-QTOF-MS/MS)-based chemical profiling identifies 31 phytochemicals, mainly including diverse saponins. Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with evaporative light scattering detection (UHPLC-ELSD)-based quantitative analysis of seven key saponins reveals stage-specific accumulation patterns, with protodioscin (P) and dioscin (DS) predominant in mature rhizomes. Statistical analysis confirms significant variation (p=0.001) in saponin levels across developmental stages with chemical constituent protodioscin (P=4.03±0.03-15.76±0.14 mg g-1, PAve=9.79±3.03 mg g-1) and dioscin (DS=1.23±0.06-3.93±0.07 mg g-1, DSAve=2.59±0.70 mg g-1), with acceptable power (p=0.738; |δ|>0.5) statistics for effective sample size (n=27 samples used in the study) of T. govanianum. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Euclidean clustering further highlighted chemotype distinctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surendra Singh Bisht
- Chemistry and Bioprospecting Division, ICFRE-Forest Research Institute, 248006, Dehradun, India
| | - Rajendra K Meena
- Genetics and Tree Improvement Division, ICFRE-Forest Research Institute, Dehradun, 248 195, India
| | - Maneesh S Bhandari
- Genetics and Tree Improvement Division, ICFRE-Forest Research Institute, Dehradun, 248 195, India
| | - Prithvi Pal Singh
- C-H Activation and Phytochemistry Lab, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, 176061, Palampur, India
| | - Upendra Sharma
- C-H Activation and Phytochemistry Lab, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, 176061, Palampur, India
| | - Aman Bisht
- Chemistry and Bioprospecting Division, ICFRE-Forest Research Institute, 248006, Dehradun, India
| | - Praveen K Verma
- Botany Division, ICFRE-Forest Research Institute, 248006, Dehradun, India
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Singh PP, Suresh PS, Anmol, Sharma U. Govanosides C-F, unprecedented steroidal saponins with rare sugars from rhizomes of Trillium govanianum and their antagonistic effects on acetylcholinesterase. Steroids 2023; 199:109293. [PMID: 37549778 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2023.109293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Four previously undescribed steroidal saponins named govanosides C-F (1-4) and nine known compounds (5-13) were isolated from the rhizomes of Trillium govanianum Wall. ex D.Don. Govanosides C-E contained a rare sugar moiety i.e., 6-deoxy allose, while govanoside F has acetylated rhamnose moiety in its glycan part. Also, this is the first report on the isolation of feruloyl sucrose derivatives (11-12) and (E)-4-hydroxy-dodec-2-enedioic acid (13) from the Trillium genus. The structure of isolated compounds was deduced using 1D and 2D NMR, HRESIMS, LC-MS/MS, GC-MS, and saccharide linkage analysis. Steroidal scaffold isolates (1-10) were evaluated for their antagonistic effects on acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity. Govanoside C (1) significantly inhibited acetylcholinesterase (IC50: 2.38 μM). Molecular docking experiments have also been performed to depict the molecule's interaction and binding free energy with acetylcholinesterase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prithvi Pal Singh
- C-H Activation & Phytochemistry Lab, Chemical Technology Division CSIR-IHBT, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh 176061, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Patil Shivprasad Suresh
- C-H Activation & Phytochemistry Lab, Chemical Technology Division CSIR-IHBT, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh 176061, India
| | - Anmol
- C-H Activation & Phytochemistry Lab, Chemical Technology Division CSIR-IHBT, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh 176061, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Upendra Sharma
- C-H Activation & Phytochemistry Lab, Chemical Technology Division CSIR-IHBT, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh 176061, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
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Zheng R, Zhao J, Ma L, Qie X, Yan X, Hao C. Behavioral, Electrophysiological, and Toxicological Responses of Plutella xylostella to Extracts from Angelica pubescens. INSECTS 2023; 14:613. [PMID: 37504619 PMCID: PMC10380822 DOI: 10.3390/insects14070613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Plutella xylostella L. is a destructive pest affecting cruciferous vegetables, causing massive economic losses worldwide. Plant-based insecticides are considered promising insect control agents. The Angelica pubescens extract inhibited female oviposition, with an oviposition deterrence index (ODI) of 61.65% at 12.5 mg/mL. We aimed to identify the bioactive compounds in A. pubescens extract. The compounds from A. pubescens extract were analyzed using LC-MS techniques. The toxicity and behavioral responses of larvae and adults of P. xylostella to ten compounds were investigated. We found that the caryophyllene oxide and 3,4-dimethoxycinnamic acid inhibited female oviposition; the ODIs were 98.31% and 97.59% at 1.25 mg/mL, respectively. The A. pubescens extract, caryophyllene oxide, and 3,4-dimethoxycinnamic acid caused larval mortality, with LC50 values of 21.31, 4.56, and 5.52 mg/mL, respectively. The EAG response of females was higher than that of males under A. pubescens extract conditions, while the EAG response of males was higher than that of females in caryophyllene oxide and 3,4-dimethoxycinnamic acid conditions. The A. pubescens extract and caryophyllene oxide showed repellent activity against both female and male adults, while the 3,4-dimethoxycinnamic acid did not elicit any notable behavioral responses from P. xylostella adults. A. pubescens extract and caryophyllene oxide are potential insecticides, oviposition deterrents, and behavioral regulators against P. xylostella, and they could be potential candidates for the development of biological insecticides to control P. xylostella.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruirui Zheng
- College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030800, China
| | - Jinyu Zhao
- College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030800, China
| | - Li Ma
- College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030800, China
| | - Xingtao Qie
- College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030800, China
| | - Xizhong Yan
- College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030800, China
| | - Chi Hao
- College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030800, China
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Kumar S, Sharma U, Reddy SE. Insecticidal potential of extracts, fractions, and molecules of Aconitum heterophyllum Wall ex. Royle against aphid Aphis craccivora Koch (Hemiptera: Aphididae). PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2023; 79:1538-1546. [PMID: 36519419 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aphis craccivora is the major sap-sucking pest of leguminous crops and vector of plant viruses that cause damage to plants and reduce yield. Indiscriminate and nonjudicious use of synthetic insecticides led to resistance development and harmful to environment. Therefore, it is important to discover plant-based lead(s) which can replace synthetic insecticides. In the current study the residual toxicity of extracts, fractions, and isolated compounds of Aconitum heterophyllum were evaluated against A. craccivora to identify lead(s) for further development of botanical formulation. RESULTS In residual contact assay, ethanolic (LC50 = 2837.17 mg L-1 ) and aqueous methanolic extracts (LC50 = 2971.59 mg L-1 ) were effective against A. craccivora. Among fractions, the n-butanol fraction of the aqueous methanolic extract (LC50 = 986.96 mg L-1 ) was found to be most effective, followed by the ethyl acetate fraction of the ethanolic extract (LC50 = 1037.52 mg L-1 ) and the n-hexane fraction of both extracts (LC50 = 1113.85 to 1233.11 mg L-1 ). Among pure molecules, aconitic acid was found to be the most effective (68% mortality; LC50 = 1313.19 mg L-1 ) and was on a par with azadirachtin 0.15% EC (66% mortality; LC50 = 1921.10 mg L-1 ). Furthermore, from the effect of ethanoic extract on detoxification enzyme inhibition in A. craccivora we concluded that the target site of action of this extract in A. craccivora might be glutathione S-transferase. CONCLUSIONS The parent extract/fractions of A. heterophylum showed promising activity against A. craccivora. Among phytoconstituents of the active extract and fractions, aconitic acid was found to be on a par with azadirachtin 0.15% EC. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Kumar
- Entomology Laboratory, Agrotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, India
| | - Upendra Sharma
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, India
- Chemical Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, India
| | - Sg Eswara Reddy
- Entomology Laboratory, Agrotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, India
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Ye S, Zhao L, Qi Y, Yang H, Hu Z, Hao N, Li Y, Tian X. Identification of azukisapogenol triterpenoid saponins from Oxytropis hirta Bunge and their aphicidal activities against pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum Harris. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2023; 79:55-67. [PMID: 36067067 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acyrthosiphon pisum Harris is the most destructive pest worldwide because of its ability to feed on plants directly and transmit plant viruses as a vector. This study aims to identify triterpenoid saponins from Oxytropis hirta Bunge as biopesticides to control aphids. RESULTS Three new azukisapogenol triterpenoid saponins (1-3), a new pinoresinol lignan glycoside (8), and four known saponins (4-7) were identified from the root of O. hirta. Compounds 4-7 displayed significant aphicidal activities against A. pisum with oral toxicities (LC50 = 51.10-147.43 μg/mL, 72 h), deterrent effects (deterrence index = 1.00, 100-200 μg/mL, 24 h), and aphid reproduction inhibitory effects (inhibition rates = 75.91-86.73%, 400 μg/mL, 24 h), respectively. The carboxyl groups at C-3 GlcA and C-30 were functional groups for their aphicidal activities. The toxic symptoms caused by the optimal 5 involved insect body-color changes from light green to dark or gray-green, and then brown until death. The intestinal cavity, apical microvilli, nuclei, mitochondria, and electron dense granules in the midgut tissues of A. pisum were the target sites showing aphicidal activity. The suppression of pepsin and α-amylase, and the activation of lipase and trypsin could be the signs of organelle damage in the midgut tissues. CONCLUSION Azukisapogenol triterpenoid saponins from O. hirta could be used as biopesticides to control aphids for their multiple efficacies, including oral toxicity, deterrent activity, and reproduction inhibitory activity. The toxic symptoms involved insect body-color changes. Midgut tissues and their related enzymes were the targets for saponins showing aphicidal activities. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengwei Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, PR China
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, PR China
| | - Long Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, PR China
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, PR China
| | - Yinyin Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, PR China
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, PR China
| | - Han Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, PR China
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, PR China
| | - Zilong Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, PR China
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, PR China
| | - Nan Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, PR China
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, PR China
| | - Yantao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, PR China
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, PR China
| | - Xiangrong Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, PR China
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, PR China
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Ling W, Kaliaperumal K, Huang M, Liang Y, Ouyang Z, Zhou Z, Jiang Y, Zhang J. Pomelo seed oil: Natural insecticide against cowpea aphid. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1048814. [PMID: 36426147 PMCID: PMC9681153 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1048814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Cowpea aphid (Aphis craccivora Koch) is a plant pest that causes serious damage to vegetable crops. Extensive use of synthetic chemical pesticides causes deleterious effects on consumers as well as the environment. Hence, the search for environmentally friendly insecticides in the management of cowpea aphids is required. The present work aims to investigate the aphicidal activity of pomelo seed oil (PSO) on cowpea aphids, the possible insecticidal mechanisms, its chemical constituent profile, as well as the toxicity of its primary compounds. The results of the toxicity assay showed that PSO had significant insecticidal activity against aphids with a 72-hour LC50 value of 0.09 μg/aphid and 3.96 mg/mL in the contact and residual toxicity assay, respectively. The enzymatic activity of both glutathione S-transferase (GST) and acetyl cholinesterase (AChE) significantly decreased, as well as the total protein content, after PSO treatment, which suggested that the reduction of AChE, GST, and the total protein content in aphids treated with PSO might be responsible for the mortality of A. craccivora. The GC-MS analysis revealed that PSO contained limonene (22.86%), (9Z,12Z)-9,12-octadecadienoic acid (20.21%), n-hexadecanoic acid (15.79%), (2E,4E)-2,4-decadienal (12.40%), and (2E,4Z)-2,4-decadienal (7.77%) as its five major compounds. Furthermore, (9Z,12Z)-9,12-octadecadienoic acid showed higher toxicity to aphids than both PSO and thiamethoxam (positive control). This study emphasized the potential of PSO as a natural plant-derived insecticide in controlling cowpea aphids and also provided a novel approach for the value-added utilization of pomelo seed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Ling
- National Engineering Research Center of Navel Orange, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Kumaravel Kaliaperumal
- National Engineering Research Center of Navel Orange, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, China
- Unit of Biomaterials Division, Department of Orthodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - Meiling Huang
- National Engineering Research Center of Navel Orange, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Yan Liang
- National Engineering Research Center of Navel Orange, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Zhigang Ouyang
- National Engineering Research Center of Navel Orange, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Zhonggao Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Yueming Jiang
- South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Navel Orange, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, China
- South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou, China
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Characterization of Triadica sebifera (L.) Small Extracts, Antifeedant Activities of Extracts, Fractions, Seed Oil and Isolated Compounds against Plutella xylostella (L.) and Their Effect on Detoxification Enzymes. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27196239. [PMID: 36234776 PMCID: PMC9573571 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Plutella xylostella L. is one of the world’s major pests of cruciferous crops. The indiscriminate use of synthetic insecticides has led to insecticide resistance and resurgence, and has been harmful to non-target organisms and the environment. Botanical insecticides are the best alternatives to synthetic pesticides for the management of pests in organic agriculture and integrated management. T. sebifera is an invasive species and has good potential as an insecticide due to the availability of plant material in some parts of India. The antifeedant activities of T. sebifera have not been reported against P. xylostella and other lepidopteron insects to date. Therefore, the current study targeted the characterization of leaf and bark extracts, feeding deterrence, synergistic and detoxification enzyme activities of leaf/bark ethanolic extracts/fractions, seed oil, and isolated compounds. UHPLC-QTOF-IMS analysis showed that shikimic acid, xanthoxylin, quercetin, kaempferol, methyl gallate, and stigmasterol are common metabolites identified in leaf and bark extracts. The combination of seed oil with bark extract showed higher deterrence (DC50 = 317.10 mg/L) as compared to leaf/bark extracts alone. Gallic acid showed higher deterrence (67.48%) than kaempferol and quercetin. The n-butanol fraction of bark was more repellent (RC50 = 414.61 mg/L). Based on DC50, the seed oil with leaf extract (1:1 ratio) alone with choice and seed oil with leaf and bark extract without choice showed synergistic interaction, but seed oil with bark extract with choice showed additive interaction. The ethanol extract of leaf, bark, and seed oil inhibited GST and AChE in P. xylostella. The leaf extract and seed oil or their combinations may be recommended as antifeedants to reduce damage by P. xylostella based on persistence, antifeedant, phytotoxicity, safety to predators/parasitoids, etc., under field conditions.
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Lactic acid-based deep eutectic solvent: An efficient green media for the selective extraction of steroidal saponins from Trillium govanianum. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.121105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Zhang D, Zhang J, Liu T, Wu S, Wu Z, Wu S, Song R, Song B. Discovery of Pyrido[1,2- a]pyrimidine Mesoionic Compounds Containing Benzo[ b]thiophene Moiety as Potential Pesticide Candidates. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:8598-8608. [PMID: 35816608 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c01899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The increasing evolution of insect resistance has made it challenging for traditional insecticides to control the bean aphid (Aphis craccivora Koch). To address this pending issue, a range of pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidine mesoionic compounds containing benzo[b]thiophene were designed and synthesized. The biological activity test results of the target compounds indicated that they had moderate to outstanding insecticidal activity against the bean aphid (Aphis craccivora) and moderate insecticidal activity against the white-backed planthopper (Sogatella furcifera). Compound L14 exhibited significant insecticidal activity against A. craccivora, with an LC50 value of 1.82 μg/mL, which was superior to triflumezopyrim (LC50 = 4.76 μg/mL). The results of enzyme activity assay showed that compound L14 had a definite inhibitory effect on ATPase. Moreover, the proteomics and docking findings of compound L14 suggested that it may act on the central nervous system of aphids and interact with nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. Therefore, compound L14 is a potentially novel insecticide candidate for further utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Desheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Ting Liu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Shang Wu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Zengxue Wu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Sikai Wu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Runjiang Song
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Baoan Song
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, China
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The Toxicity of Eichhornia crassipes Fractionated Extracts against Aphis craccivora and Its Safety in Albino Rats. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:toxins14050327. [PMID: 35622574 PMCID: PMC9144080 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14050327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Eichhornia crassipes were evaluated in order to investigate the insecticidal activity towards Aphis craccivora adults. The LC50 values were promising and reflected the bio-efficacy of the tested extracts (39 and 42 mg/L), respectively, and reduced the fecundity markedly. Using GC/MS analysis, the major components were n-hexadecanoic, linolenic, hexadecenoic, myristic, stearic acids, linolelaidic acid, methyl ester and some terpenoids, alkaloids, and hydrocarbons. A safety assessment of non-target organisms is essential for the development of new pesticides. In order to guide the rational use of the most potential insecticidal extracts AcF and EtF, the effect of these extracts on body weight, hematological indices, biochemical indicators, and histopathology of some relevant organs of albino rats (as a model for mammals) was investigated. The research outcomes revealed that the LC50 of AcF and EtF extracts had gradually raised body weight for 14 days (p > 0.05). Similarly, there were no remarkable alternations in the complete blood count (CBC); only a slight decrease in the monocytes count (612 ± 159.80 × 103 µL) in the EtF-treated group. There was a notable increase in alanine transferase (ALT) activity (36.73 ± 1.44 IU/L) in the AcF-treated group. No destructive changes were noted with the remaining biochemical parameters. Cholesterol and triglycerides non-significantly increased in the EtF group, whereas, cholesterol levels decreased significantly in the AcF group. In addition, histopathological examination reflected minor changes in AcF and EtF groups in the form of mild inflammation in the lungs and mild vacuolar degeneration in the kidneys, while no lesions were detected in the heart and liver in the same groups. Thus, the present research suggested that AcF and EtF extracts of E. crassipes are safe green insecticides for insect control strategies.
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Dolma SK, Singh PP, Reddy SGE. Insecticidal and Enzyme Inhibition Activities of Leaf/Bark Extracts, Fractions, Seed Oil and Isolated Compounds from Triadica sebifera (L.) Small against Aphis craccivora Koch. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27061967. [PMID: 35335330 PMCID: PMC8954943 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27061967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aphid, Aphis craccivora Koch (Hemiptera: Aphididae), is a major sap-sucking insect pest of leguminous crops and also transmits plant viruses, leading to economic yield loss. Indiscriminate and repeated use of insecticides for control of aphid leads to the development of resistance, and is harmful to the environment, non-target organisms, etc. Plant-based extracts/seed oils (SO) are the best alternatives to insecticides. Insecticidal activities of Triadica sebifera have not been reported against A. craccivora and other insect pests to date. In the current study, the main objective was to study the insecticidal activities of leaf/bark extracts/fractions, seed oil, isolated compounds, and their combinations against A. craccivora. Results showed that, among the extracts, ethanolic bark extract 80% (LC50 = 5115.98 mg/L) was more effective against A. craccivora. Among fractions, the n-hexane fraction of leaves (LC50 = 425.73 mg/L) and the ethyl acetate fraction of bark (LC50 = 813.45 mg/L) were promising. Among compounds, gallic acid was the most effective (LC50 = 1303.68 mg/L) compared to shikimic acid and quercetin. SO (LC50 = 850.94 mg/L) was superior compared to extracts/fractions/compounds. All the combinations showed toxicity and synergistic activity. Leaf/bark extracts and SO significantly inhibited the AChE and GST activity in A. craccivora. Based on field bio-efficacy, the leaf extract/SO or their combinations can be recommended for the control of aphids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shudh Kirti Dolma
- Entomology Laboratory, Agrotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur 176061, India;
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Prithvi Pal Singh
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
- Chemical Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur 176061, India;
| | - Sajjalavarahalli G. Eswara Reddy
- Entomology Laboratory, Agrotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur 176061, India;
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
- Correspondence: or
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Manjesh K, Kundu A, Dutta A, Saha S, Neelakanthaiah BS. Bio-Insecticidal Nanoemulsions of Essential Oil and Lipid-Soluble Fractions of Pogostemon cablin. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:874221. [PMID: 35574070 PMCID: PMC9101049 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.874221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to develop nanoemulsions (NEs) of essential oil (EO) and lipid-soluble extract (HE) of Pogostemon cablin leaves using biosurfactant, saponin. Hydro-distilled EO and fat-soluble HE were analyzed using GC-MS, which revealed 38.7 ± 2.7% and 37.5 ± 2.1% patchoulol, respectively. EO and HE were formulated with saponin to prepare corresponding coarse emulsions (CEs); furthermore, high-speed homogenization for 2 min was followed by ultrasonication for 3 min with constant frequency of 50 kHz. of the CEs resulted in respective NEs. NEs were characterized for the physico-chemical properties such as emulsion intrinsic stability, particle size distribution, polydispersity index (PDI), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) for morphology and accurate nanodroplet diameters. CEs and NEs were investigated for insecticidal efficacy against adults of Tetranychus urticae and larvae of Spodoptera litura. Stable NEs of EO and HE at 500 μg mL-1 concentration exhibited corresponding average particle size of 51.7 and 89.9 nm, while TEM image revealed spherical-shaped droplets with the average droplet diameters of 15.3 and 29.4 nm, respectively. NEs of EO and HE displayed highest efficacy in contact toxicity (LC50 43.2 and 58.4 μg mL-1) after 48 h and fumigant toxicity (LC50 9.3 and 13.6 μg mL-1) after 24 h against T. urticae. In addition, NEs of EO showed considerable antifeedant and feeding deterrent action (AI 99.21 ± 0.74 and FI 99.73 ± 1.24) against S. litura larvae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keerthiraj Manjesh
- Division of Agricultural Chemicals, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Aditi Kundu
- Division of Agricultural Chemicals, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
- *Correspondence: Aditi Kundu ;
| | - Anirban Dutta
- Division of Agricultural Chemicals, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Supradip Saha
- Division of Agricultural Chemicals, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
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Britto IO, Araújo SHC, Toledo PFS, Lima GDA, Salustiano IV, Alves JR, Mantilla-Afanador JG, Kohlhoff M, Oliveira EE, Leite JPV. Potential of Ficus carica extracts against Euschistus heros: Toxicity of major active compounds and selectivity against beneficial insects. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2021; 77:4638-4647. [PMID: 34092005 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Using plant-based extracts and their constituents has been suggested as an alternative tool to replace or integrate with the synthetic compounds used to manage insect pests. Here, we evaluated the potential of extracts obtained from Ficus carica Linn (Moraceae) branches and leaves against the Neotropical brown stink bug, Euschistus heros, one of the most prevalent insect pests in soybean fields. We further isolated and evaluated the toxicity of the extracts' major components against E. heros. Additionally, by using computational docking analysis and toxicological approaches, we assessed the physiological basis for the selectivity of these extracts against beneficial insects such as pollinator bees (i.e. Apis mellifera and the Neotropical stingless bee Partamona helleri), ladybeetles (Eriopis connexa and Coleomegilla maculata), and lacewings (Chrysoperla externa). RESULTS Our results demonstrate that branch (LC50 = 5.9 [4.7-7.1] mg mL-1 ) and leaf (LC50 = 14.1 [12.5-15.4] mg mL-1 ) extracts exhibited similar toxicity against E. heros. Our phytochemical analysis revealed psoralen and bergapten furanocoumarins as the major components of the extract. Based on our computational predictions, these molecules' differential abilities to physically interact with the acetylcholinesterases of E. heros and beneficial insects play relevant roles in their selectivity actions. The estimated LC90 values of branch (30.0 mg mL-1 ) and leaf (30.0 mg mL-1 ) extracts killed less than 12% of the beneficial insects. CONCLUSION Overall, our findings revealed that furanocoumarin-rich extracts obtained from F. carica extracts have the potential to be used as alternative tools in the integrated management of stink bug pests. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella O Britto
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | - Sabrina H C Araújo
- Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | - Pedro F S Toledo
- Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | - Graziela D A Lima
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | - Iorrana V Salustiano
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | - Janaína R Alves
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | - Javier G Mantilla-Afanador
- Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Microbiologia e Biotecnologia Agroindustrial, Universidad Católica de Manizales, Manizales, Colombia
| | - Markus Kohlhoff
- Instituto Rene-Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Eugenio E Oliveira
- Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | - João Paulo V Leite
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
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Suresh PS, Singh PP, Sharma A, Padwad YS, Sharma U. Steroidal saponins of Trillium govanianum: Quality control, pharmacokinetic analysis, and anti-inflammatory activity. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2021.102071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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