1
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Miyahira AK, Soule HR. The 30th Annual Prostate Cancer Foundation Scientific Retreat Report. Prostate 2024. [PMID: 39021296 DOI: 10.1002/pros.24768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The 30th Annual Prostate Cancer Foundation (PCF) Scientific Retreat was held at the Omni La Costa Resort in Carlsbad, CA, from October 26 to 28, 2023. A hybrid component was included for virtual attendees. METHODS The Annual PCF Scientific Retreat is a leading international scientific conference focused on pioneering, unpublished, and impactful studies across the spectrum of basic through clinical prostate cancer research, as well as research from related fields with significant potential for improving prostate cancer research and patient outcomes. RESULTS The 2023 PCF Retreat concentrated on key areas of research, including: (i) the biology of cancer stem cells and prostate cancer lineage plasticity; (ii) mechanisms of treatment resistance; (iii) emerging AI applications in diagnostic medicine; (iv) analytical and computational biology approaches in cancer research; (v) the role of nerves in prostate cancer; (vi) the biology of prostate cancer bone metastases; (vii) the contribution of ancestry and genomics to prostate cancer disparities; (viii) prostate cancer 3D genomics; (ix) progress in new targets and treatments for prostate cancer; (x) the biology and translational applications of tumor extracellular vesicles; (xi) updates from PCF TACTICAL Award teams; (xii) novel platforms for small molecule molecular glues and binding inhibitors; and (xiii) diversity, equity and inclusion strategies for advancing cancer care equity. CONCLUSIONS This meeting report summarizes the presentations and discussions from the 2023 PCF Scientific Retreat. We hope that sharing this information will deepen our understanding of current and emerging research and drive future advancements in prostate cancer patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea K Miyahira
- Department of Science, Prostate Cancer Foundation, Santa Monica, California, USA
| | - Howard R Soule
- Department of Science, Prostate Cancer Foundation, Santa Monica, California, USA
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2
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Waseem M, Wang BD. Organoids: An Emerging Precision Medicine Model for Prostate Cancer Research. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1093. [PMID: 38256166 PMCID: PMC10816550 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) has been known as the most prevalent cancer disease and the second leading cause of cancer mortality in men almost all over the globe. There is an urgent need for establishment of PCa models that can recapitulate the progress of genomic landscapes and molecular alterations during development and progression of this disease. Notably, several organoid models have been developed for assessing the complex interaction between PCa and its surrounding microenvironment. In recent years, PCa organoids have been emerged as powerful in vitro 3D model systems that recapitulate the molecular features (such as genomic/epigenomic changes and tumor microenvironment) of PCa metastatic tumors. In addition, application of organoid technology in mechanistic studies (i.e., for understanding cellular/subcellular and molecular alterations) and translational medicine has been recognized as a promising approach for facilitating the development of potential biomarkers and novel therapeutic strategies. In this review, we summarize the application of PCa organoids in the high-throughput screening and establishment of relevant xenografts for developing novel therapeutics for metastatic, castration resistant, and neuroendocrine PCa. These organoid-based studies are expected to expand our knowledge from basic research to clinical applications for PCa diseases. Furthermore, we also highlight the optimization of PCa cultures and establishment of promising 3D organoid models for in vitro and in vivo investigations, ultimately facilitating mechanistic studies and development of novel clinical diagnosis/prognosis and therapies for PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Waseem
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Health Professions, University of Maryland Eastern Shore, Princess Anne, MD 21853, USA;
| | - Bi-Dar Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Health Professions, University of Maryland Eastern Shore, Princess Anne, MD 21853, USA;
- Hormone Related Cancers Program, University of Maryland Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
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3
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Chehelgerdi M, Behdarvand Dehkordi F, Chehelgerdi M, Kabiri H, Salehian-Dehkordi H, Abdolvand M, Salmanizadeh S, Rashidi M, Niazmand A, Ahmadi S, Feizbakhshan S, Kabiri S, Vatandoost N, Ranjbarnejad T. Exploring the promising potential of induced pluripotent stem cells in cancer research and therapy. Mol Cancer 2023; 22:189. [PMID: 38017433 PMCID: PMC10683363 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01873-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The advent of iPSCs has brought about a significant transformation in stem cell research, opening up promising avenues for advancing cancer treatment. The formation of cancer is a multifaceted process influenced by genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors. iPSCs offer a distinctive platform for investigating the origin of cancer, paving the way for novel approaches to cancer treatment, drug testing, and tailored medical interventions. This review article will provide an overview of the science behind iPSCs, the current limitations and challenges in iPSC-based cancer therapy, the ethical and social implications, and the comparative analysis with other stem cell types for cancer treatment. The article will also discuss the applications of iPSCs in tumorigenesis, the future of iPSCs in tumorigenesis research, and highlight successful case studies utilizing iPSCs in tumorigenesis research. The conclusion will summarize the advancements made in iPSC-based tumorigenesis research and the importance of continued investment in iPSC research to unlock the full potential of these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matin Chehelgerdi
- Novin Genome (NG) Lab, Research and Development Center for Biotechnology, Shahrekord, Iran
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Behdarvand Dehkordi
- Novin Genome (NG) Lab, Research and Development Center for Biotechnology, Shahrekord, Iran
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Mohammad Chehelgerdi
- Novin Genome (NG) Lab, Research and Development Center for Biotechnology, Shahrekord, Iran.
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran.
| | - Hamidreza Kabiri
- Novin Genome (NG) Lab, Research and Development Center for Biotechnology, Shahrekord, Iran
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Abdolvand
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Sharareh Salmanizadeh
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Hezar-Jereeb Street, Isfahan, 81746-73441, Iran
| | - Mohsen Rashidi
- Department Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- The Health of Plant and Livestock Products Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Anoosha Niazmand
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Saba Ahmadi
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Tbilisi State Medical University, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Sara Feizbakhshan
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Saber Kabiri
- Novin Genome (NG) Lab, Research and Development Center for Biotechnology, Shahrekord, Iran
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Nasimeh Vatandoost
- Pediatric Inherited Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Tayebeh Ranjbarnejad
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, Iran
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4
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Buskin A, Scott E, Nelson R, Gaughan L, Robson CN, Heer R, Hepburn AC. Engineering prostate cancer in vitro: what does it take? Oncogene 2023; 42:2417-2427. [PMID: 37438470 PMCID: PMC10403358 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-023-02776-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
A key challenge in the clinical management and cause of treatment failure of prostate cancer (PCa) is its molecular, cellular and clinical heterogeneity. Modelling systems that fully recapitulate clinical diversity and resistant phenotypes are urgently required for the development of successful personalised PCa therapies. The advent of the three-dimensional (3D) organoid model has revolutionised preclinical cancer research through reflecting heterogeneity and offering genomic and environmental manipulation that has opened up unparalleled opportunities for applications in disease modelling, high-throughput drug screening and precision medicine. Despite these remarkable achievements of organoid technology, several shortcomings in emulating the complex tumor microenvironment and dynamic process of metastasis as well as the epigenome profile limit organoids achieving true in vivo functionality. Technological advances in tissue engineering have enabled the development of innovative tools to facilitate the design of improved 3D cancer models. In this review, we highlight the current in vitro 3D PCa models with a special focus on organoids and discuss engineering approaches to create more physiologically relevant PCa organoid models and maximise their translational relevance that ultimately will help to realise the transformational power of precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Buskin
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Paul O'Gorman Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Emma Scott
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Paul O'Gorman Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Ryan Nelson
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Paul O'Gorman Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Luke Gaughan
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Paul O'Gorman Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Craig N Robson
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Paul O'Gorman Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Rakesh Heer
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Paul O'Gorman Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK.
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, W12 0NN, UK.
| | - Anastasia C Hepburn
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Paul O'Gorman Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK.
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5
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Singh P, Lanman NA, Kendall HLR, Wilson L, Long R, Franco OE, Buskin A, Miles CG, Hayward SW, Heer R, Robson CN. Human prostate organoid generation and the identification of prostate development drivers using inductive rodent tissues. Development 2023; 150:dev201328. [PMID: 37376888 PMCID: PMC10357030 DOI: 10.1242/dev.201328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
The reactivation of developmental genes and pathways during adulthood may contribute to pathogenesis of diseases such as prostate cancer. Analysis of the mechanistic links between development and disease could be exploited to identify signalling pathways leading to disease in the prostate. However, the mechanisms underpinning prostate development require further characterisation to interrogate fully the link between development and disease. Previously, our group developed methods to produce prostate organoids using induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Here, we show that human iPSCs can be differentiated into prostate organoids using neonatal rat seminal vesicle mesenchyme in vitro. The organoids can be used to study prostate development or modified to study prostate cancer. We also elucidated molecular drivers of prostate induction through RNA-sequencing analyses of the rat urogenital sinus and neonatal seminal vesicles. We identified candidate drivers of prostate development evident in the inductive mesenchyme and epithelium involved with prostate specification. Our top candidates included Spx, Trib3, Snai1, Snai2, Nrg2 and Lrp4. This work lays the foundations for further interrogation of the reactivation of developmental genes in adulthood, leading to prostate disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parmveer Singh
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4AD, UK
| | - Nadia A. Lanman
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
- Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Hannah L. R. Kendall
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4AD, UK
| | - Laura Wilson
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4AD, UK
| | - Ryan Long
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4AD, UK
| | - Omar E. Franco
- Department of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL 60201, USA
- University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Adriana Buskin
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4AD, UK
| | - Colin G. Miles
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Central Parkway, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Simon W. Hayward
- Department of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL 60201, USA
- University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Rakesh Heer
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4AD, UK
- Department of Urology, Freeman Hospital, The Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE7 7DN, UK
| | - Craig N. Robson
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4AD, UK
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6
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Beshiri M, Agarwal S, Yin JJ, Kelly K. Prostate organoids: emerging experimental tools for translational research. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:169616. [PMID: 37183816 PMCID: PMC10178834 DOI: 10.1172/jci169616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Organoid technology has provided new translational research opportunities in oncology, in part by enabling the development of patient-representative living biobanks. Prostate cancer research historically has been constrained to a small number of in vitro models, limiting the ability to translate experimental conclusions for contemporary, heterogeneous patient populations. The facility of organoid culture methods to maintain luminal prostate epithelia, the common lineage of prostate cancers, has greatly expanded the phenotypic and genotypic diversity of available tractable models, including luminal stem/progenitor cells and progressive patient-derived cancers. Biobanks of patient prostate cancer organoids enable increased accuracy in predicting therapeutic efficacy and informative clinical trial designs. Here, we discuss how prostate organoid technology is currently being used, the promising areas of future therapeutic applications, and the current obstacles to be overcome.
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7
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Haider S, Beristain AG. Human organoid systems in modeling reproductive tissue development, function, and disease. Hum Reprod 2023:7147082. [PMID: 37119533 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dead085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Research focused on human reproductive biology has primarily relied upon clinical samples affording mainly descriptive studies with limited implementation of functional or mechanistic understanding. More importantly, restricted access to human embryonic material has necessitated the use of animals, primarily rats and mice, and short-term primary cell cultures derived from human patient material. While reproductive developmental processes are generally conserved across mammals, specific features unique to human reproduction have resulted in the development of human-based in vitro systems designed to retain or recapitulate key molecular and cellular processes important in humans. Of note, major advances in 3D epithelial stem cell-based systems modeling human reproductive organ development have been made. These cultures, broadly referred to as organoids, enable research aimed at understanding cellular hierarchies and processes controlling cellular differentiation and function. Moreover, organoids allow the pre-clinical testing of pharmacological substances, both from safety and efficacy standpoints, and hold large potential in driving aspects of personalized medicine that were previously not possible with traditional models. In this mini-review, we focus on summarizing the current state of regenerative organoid culture systems of the female and male reproductive tracts that model organ development, maintenance, and function. Specifically, we will introduce stem cell-based organoid models of the ovary/fallopian tube, endometrium, cervix, prostate gland, and testes. We will also describe organoid systems of the pre-implanting blastocyst and trophoblast, as the blastocyst and its extraembryonic trophectoderm are central to fetal, maternal, and overall pregnancy health. We describe the foundational studies leading to their development and outline the utility as well as specific limitations that are unique and common to many of these in vitro platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Haider
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexander G Beristain
- The British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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8
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Archer Goode E, Wang N, Munkley J. Prostate cancer bone metastases biology and clinical management (Review). Oncol Lett 2023; 25:163. [PMID: 36960185 PMCID: PMC10028493 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2023.13749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most prominent causes of cancer-related mortality in the male population. A highly impactful prognostic factor for patients diagnosed with PCa is the presence or absence of bone metastases. The formation of secondary tumours at the bone is the most commonly observed site for the establishment of PCa metastases and is associated with reduced survival of patients in addition to a cohort of life-debilitating symptoms, including mobility issues and chronic pain. Despite the prevalence of this disease presentation and the high medical relevance of bone metastases, the mechanisms underlying the formation of metastases to the bone and the understanding of what drives the osteotropism exhibited by prostate tumours remain to be fully elucidated. This lack of in-depth understanding manifests in limited effective treatment options for patients with advanced metastatic PCa and culminates in the low rate of survival observed for this sub-set of patients. The present review aims to summarise the most recent promising advances in the understanding of how and why prostate tumours metastasise to the bone, with the ultimate aim of highlighting novel treatment and prognostic targets, which may provide the opportunity to improve the diagnosis and treatment of patients with PCa with bone metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Archer Goode
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, International Centre for Life, Newcastle NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Ning Wang
- The Mellanby Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Department of Oncology and Metabolism, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2RX, UK
| | - Jennifer Munkley
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, International Centre for Life, Newcastle NE1 3BZ, UK
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9
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Verma P, Shukla N, Kumari S, Ansari M, Gautam NK, Patel GK. Cancer stem cell in prostate cancer progression, metastasis and therapy resistance. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:188887. [PMID: 36997008 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.188887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most diagnosed malignancy in the men worldwide. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are the sub-population of cells present in the tumor which possess unique properties of self-renewal and multilineage differentiation thus thought to be major cause of therapy resistance, disease relapse, and mortality in several malignancies including PCa. CSCs have also been shown positive for the common stem cells markers such as ALDH EZH2, OCT4, SOX2, c-MYC, Nanog etc. Therefore, isolation and characterization of CSCs specific markers which may discriminate CSCs and normal stem cells are critical to selectively eliminate CSCs. Rapid advances in the field offers a theoretical explanation for many of the enduring uncertainties encompassing the etiology and an optimism for the identification of new stem-cell targets, development of reliable and efficient therapies in the future. The emerging reports have also provided unprecedented insights into CSCs plasticity, quiescence, renewal, and therapeutic response. In this review, we discuss the identification of PCa stem cells, their unique properties, stemness-driving pathways, new diagnostics, and therapeutic interventions.
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Patrício D, Santiago J, Mano JF, Fardilha M. Organoids of the male reproductive system: Challenges, opportunities, and their potential use in fertility research. WIREs Mech Dis 2023; 15:e1590. [PMID: 36442887 DOI: 10.1002/wsbm.1590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Organoids are units of function of a given organ able to reproduce, in culture, a biological structure similar in architecture and function to its counterpart in vivo. Today, it is possible to develop an organoid from a fragment of tissue, a stem cell located in an adult organ, an embryonic stem cell, or an induced pluripotent stem cell. In the past decade, many organoids have been developed which mimic stomach, pancreas, liver and brain tissues, optic cups, among many others. Additionally, different male reproductive system organs have already been developed as organoids, including the prostate and testis. These 3D cultures may be of great importance for urological cancer research and have the potential to be used in fertility research for the study of spermatozoa production and maturation, germ cells-somatic cells interactions, and mechanisms of disease. They also provide an accurate preclinical pipeline for drug testing and discovery, as well as for the study of drug resistance. In this work, we revise the current knowledge on organoid technology and its use in healthcare and research, describe the male reproductive system organoids and other biomaterials already developed, and discuss their current application. Finally, we highlight the research gaps, challenges, and opportunities in the field and propose strategies to improve the use of organoids for the study of male infertility situations. This article is categorized under: Reproductive System Diseases > Stem Cells and Development Reproductive System Diseases > Biomedical Engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Patrício
- Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.,Department of Chemistry, CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Joana Santiago
- Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - João F Mano
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Margarida Fardilha
- Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
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11
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Pletcher A, Shibata M. Prostate organogenesis. Development 2022; 149:275758. [DOI: 10.1242/dev.200394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Prostate organogenesis begins during embryonic development and continues through puberty when the prostate becomes an important exocrine gland of the male reproductive system. The specification and growth of the prostate is regulated by androgens and is largely a result of cell-cell communication between the epithelium and mesenchyme. The fields of developmental and cancer biology have long been interested in prostate organogenesis because of its relevance for understanding prostate diseases, and research has expanded in recent years with the advent of novel technologies, including genetic-lineage tracing, single-cell RNA sequencing and organoid culture methods, that have provided important insights into androgen regulation, epithelial cell origins and cellular heterogeneity. We discuss these findings, putting them into context with what is currently known about prostate organogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Pletcher
- The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences 1 Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology , , Washington, DC 20052, USA
- The George Washington University Cancer Center, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences 2 , Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - Maho Shibata
- The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences 1 Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology , , Washington, DC 20052, USA
- The George Washington University Cancer Center, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences 2 , Washington, DC 20052, USA
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12
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Lee S, Hong CI. Organoids as Model Systems to Investigate Circadian Clock-Related Diseases and Treatments. Front Genet 2022; 13:874288. [PMID: 35559029 PMCID: PMC9086274 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.874288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Circadian rhythms exist in most cell types in mammals regulating temporal organization of numerous cellular and physiological processes ranging from cell cycle to metabolism. The master clock, suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) in the hypothalamus, processes light input and coordinates peripheral clocks optimizing organisms' survival and functions aligning with external conditions. Intriguingly, it was demonstrated that circadian rhythms in the mouse liver can be decoupled from the master clock under time-restricted feeding regimen when food was provided during their inactive phase. Furthermore, mouse liver showed clock-controlled gene expression even in the absence of the master clock demonstrating independent functions of peripheral clocks apart from the SCN. These findings suggest a dynamic relationship between the master and peripheral clocks and highlight potential functions of peripheral clocks independent of the master clock. Importantly, disruption of circadian rhythms correlates with numerous human ailments including cancer and metabolic diseases, suggesting that diseases may be exacerbated by disruption of circadian rhythms in the SCN and/or peripheral clocks. However, molecular mechanisms providing causative links between circadian rhythms and human diseases remain largely unknown. Recent technical advances highlighted PCS- and tissue-derived 3-dimensional organoids as in vitro organs that possess numerous applications ranging from disease modeling to drug screening. In this mini-review, we highlight recent findings on the importance and contributions of peripheral clocks and potential uses of 3D organoids investigating complex circadian clock-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christian I. Hong
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
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13
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Buskin A, Singh P, Lorenz O, Robson C, Strand DW, Heer R. A Review of Prostate Organogenesis and a Role for iPSC-Derived Prostate Organoids to Study Prostate Development and Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222313097. [PMID: 34884905 PMCID: PMC8658468 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222313097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The prostate is vulnerable to two major age-associated diseases, cancer and benign enlargement, which account for significant morbidity and mortality for men across the globe. Prostate cancer is the most common cancer reported in men, with over 1.2 million new cases diagnosed and 350,000 deaths recorded annually worldwide. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), characterised by the continuous enlargement of the adult prostate, symptomatically afflicts around 50% of men worldwide. A better understanding of the biological processes underpinning these diseases is needed to generate new treatment approaches. Developmental studies of the prostate have shed some light on the processes essential for prostate organogenesis, with many of these up- or downregulated genes expressions also observed in prostate cancer and/or BPH progression. These insights into human disease have been inferred through comparative biological studies relying primarily on rodent models. However, directly observing mechanisms of human prostate development has been more challenging due to limitations in accessing human foetal material. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) could provide a suitable alternative as they can mimic embryonic cells, and iPSC-derived prostate organoids present a significant opportunity to study early human prostate developmental processes. In this review, we discuss the current understanding of prostate development and its relevance to prostate-associated diseases. Additionally, we detail the potential of iPSC-derived prostate organoids for studying human prostate development and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Buskin
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Paul O’Gorman Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK; (P.S.); (C.R.)
- Correspondence: (A.B.); (R.H.)
| | - Parmveer Singh
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Paul O’Gorman Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK; (P.S.); (C.R.)
| | - Oliver Lorenz
- Newcastle University School of Computing, Digital Institute, Urban Sciences Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5TG, UK;
| | - Craig Robson
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Paul O’Gorman Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK; (P.S.); (C.R.)
| | - Douglas W. Strand
- Department of Urology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA;
| | - Rakesh Heer
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Paul O’Gorman Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK; (P.S.); (C.R.)
- Department of Urology, Freeman Hospital, The Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne NE7 7DN, UK
- Correspondence: (A.B.); (R.H.)
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14
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Lee BH, Seijo-Barandiaran I, Grapin-Botton A. Epithelial morphogenesis in organoids. Curr Opin Genet Dev 2021; 72:30-37. [PMID: 34794006 DOI: 10.1016/j.gde.2021.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Epithelial organoids can recapitulate many processes reminiscent of morphogenesis in vivo including lumen and multilayer formation, folding, branching, delamination and elongation. While being noisier in vitro than in vivo, these processes can be monitored live and subjected to interferences, a field that is emerging. We elaborate on the signalling molecules controlling morphogenesis, from the medium and their emergence as signalling centers in the organoids. Further, we discuss how organoid shape is controlled by mechanical cues within the organoid and their interplay with the material properties of the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byung Ho Lee
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Pfotenhauerstr. 108, 1307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Irene Seijo-Barandiaran
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Pfotenhauerstr. 108, 1307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Anne Grapin-Botton
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Pfotenhauerstr. 108, 1307 Dresden, Germany.
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15
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Zhou L, Zhang C, Zhang Y, Shi C. Application of Organoid Models in Prostate Cancer Research. Front Oncol 2021; 11:736431. [PMID: 34646778 PMCID: PMC8504437 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.736431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Complex heterogeneity is an important characteristic in the development of prostate cancer (PCa), which further leads to the failure of known therapeutic options. PCa research has been hampered by the current in vitro model systems that cannot fully reflect the biological characteristics and clinical diversity of PCa. The tumor organoid model in three-dimensional culture retains the heterogeneity of primary tumor tissues in vitro well and enables high-throughput screening and genome editing. Therefore, the establishment of a PCa organoid model that recapitulates the diverse heterogeneity observed in clinical settings is of great significance for the study of PCa. In this review, we summarize the culture conditions, establishments, and limitations of PCa organoids and further review their application for the study of pathogenesis, drug screening, mechanism of drug resistance, and individualized treatment for PCa. Additionally, we look forward to other potential developmental directions of PCa organoids, such as the interaction between prostate cancer tumor cells and their microenvironment, clinical individualized treatments, heterogeneous transformation model, tumor immunotherapy, and organoid models combined with liquid biopsy. Through this, we provide more effective preclinical experimental schemes using the PCa organoid model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ligui Zhou
- Animal Experiment Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Division of Cancer Biology, Laboratory Animal Center, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Caiqin Zhang
- Division of Cancer Biology, Laboratory Animal Center, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yongbin Zhang
- Animal Experiment Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Changhong Shi
- Division of Cancer Biology, Laboratory Animal Center, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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16
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Sinenko SA, Ponomartsev SV, Tomilin AN. Pluripotent stem cell-based gene therapy approach: human de novo synthesized chromosomes. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:1207-1220. [PMID: 33011821 PMCID: PMC11072874 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03653-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A novel approach in gene therapy was introduced 20 years ago since artificial non-integrative chromosome-based vectors containing gene loci size inserts were engineered. To date, different human artificial chromosomes (HAC) were generated with the use of de novo construction or "top-down" engineering approaches. The HAC-based therapeutic approach includes ex vivo gene transferring and correction of pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) or highly proliferative modified stem cells. The current progress in the technology of induced PSCs, integrating with the HAC technology, resulted in a novel platform of stem cell-based tissue replacement therapy for the treatment of genetic disease. Nowadays, the sophisticated and laborious HAC technology has significantly improved and is now closer to clinical studies. In here, we reviewed the achievements in the technology of de novo synthesized HACs for a chromosome transfer for developing gene therapy tissue replacement models of monogenic human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey A Sinenko
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Tikhoretsky Ave, St-Petersburg, 194064, Russia.
| | - Sergey V Ponomartsev
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Tikhoretsky Ave, St-Petersburg, 194064, Russia
| | - Alexey N Tomilin
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Tikhoretsky Ave, St-Petersburg, 194064, Russia.
- Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St-Petersburg State University, 7-9, Universitetskaya Emb, St-Petersburg, 199034, Russia.
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17
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Ko J, Meyer AN, Haas M, Donoghue DJ. Characterization of FGFR signaling in prostate cancer stem cells and inhibition via TKI treatment. Oncotarget 2021; 12:22-36. [PMID: 33456711 PMCID: PMC7800776 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) remains uncurable and novel therapies are needed to better treat patients. Aberrant Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor (FGFR) signaling has been implicated in advanced prostate cancer (PCa), and FGFR1 is suggested to be a promising therapeutic target along with current androgen deprivation therapy. We established a novel in vitro 3D culture system to study endogenous FGFR signaling in a rare subpopulation of prostate cancer stem cells (CSCs) in the cell lines PC3, DU145, LNCaP, and the induced pluripotent iPS87 cell line. 3D-propagation of PCa cells generated spheroids with increased stemness markers ALDH7A1 and OCT4, while inhibition of FGFR signaling by BGJ398 or Dovitinib decreased cell survival and proliferation of 3D spheroids. The 3D spheroids exhibited altered expression of EMT markers associated with metastasis such as E-cadherin, vimentin and Snail, compared to 2D monolayer cells. TKI treatment did not result in significant changes of EMT markers, however, specific inhibition of FGFR signaling by BGJ398 showed more favorable molecular-level changes than treatment with the multi-RTK inhibitor Dovitinib. This study provides evidence for the first time that FGFR1 plays an essential role in the proliferation of PCa CSCs at a molecular and cellular level, and suggests that TKI targeting of FGFR signaling may be a promising strategy for AR-independent CRPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juyeon Ko
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - April N Meyer
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Martin Haas
- Moores UCSD Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Daniel J Donoghue
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Moores UCSD Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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18
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Atkinson SP. A Preview of Selected Articles. Stem Cells 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/stem.3299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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19
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Kato M, Sasaki T, Inoue T. Current experimental human tissue-derived models for prostate cancer research. Int J Urol 2020; 28:150-162. [PMID: 33247498 DOI: 10.1111/iju.14441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Scientists engaged in prostate cancer research have been conducting experiments using two-dimensional cultures of prostate cancer cell lines for decades. However, these experiments fail to reproduce and reflect the clinical course of individual patients with prostate cancer, or the molecular and genetic characteristics of prostate cancer, the basic requirement for most of the preclinical studies on prostate cancer. The use of human prostate cancer tissues in experiments has enabled the collection and verification of clinically relevant data, including chemical reactions, changes in proteins, and specific gene expression. Tissue recombination models have been employed for studying prostate development, the initiation and progression of prostate cancer, and the tumor microenvironment. Notably, the epithelial-stromal interaction, which might play a critical role in prostate cancer pathogenesis, can be reproduced in this model. Patient-derived xenograft models have been developed as powerful avatars comprising patient-derived prostate cancer tissues implanted in immunocompromised mice and could serve as a precision medicine approach for each prostate cancer patient. Spheroid and organoid assays, representative of modern three-dimensional cultures, can replicate the conditions in human prostate tumors and the prostate organ itself as a miniature model. Although an intact immune system against the tumor is missing from the models aimed at investigating immuno-oncological reagents in various malignancies, all these experimental models can help researchers in developing new drugs and selecting appropriate treatment strategies for prostate cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manabu Kato
- Department of Nephro-Urologic Surgery and Andrology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie, Japan
| | - Takeshi Sasaki
- Department of Nephro-Urologic Surgery and Andrology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie, Japan
| | - Takahiro Inoue
- Department of Nephro-Urologic Surgery and Andrology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie, Japan
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20
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Self-organization of organoids from endoderm-derived cells. J Mol Med (Berl) 2020; 99:449-462. [PMID: 33221939 PMCID: PMC8026476 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-020-02010-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Organoids constitute biological systems which are used to model organ development, homeostasis, regeneration, and disease in vitro and hold promise for use in therapy. Reflecting in vivo development, organoids form from tissue cells or pluripotent stem cells. Cues provided from the media and individual cells promote self-organization of these uniform starting cells into a structure, with emergent differentiated cells, morphology, and often functionality that resemble the tissue of origin. Therefore, organoids provide a complement to two-dimensional in vitro culture and in vivo animal models of development, providing the experimental control and flexibility of in vitro methods with the three-dimensional context of in vivo models, with fewer ethical restraints than human or animal work. However, using organoids, we are only just beginning to understand on the cellular level how the external conditions and signaling between individual cells promote the emergence of cells and structures. In this review, we focus specifically on organoids derived from endodermal tissues: the starting conditions of the cells, signaling mechanisms, and external media that allow the emergence of higher order self-organization.
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21
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Zhang Y, Chen B, Xu P, Liu C, Huang P. Reprogramming Prostate Cancer Cells into Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells: a Promising Model of Prostate Cancer Stem Cell Research. Cell Reprogram 2020; 22:262-268. [PMID: 32816532 DOI: 10.1089/cell.2020.0032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer stem cells (PrCSCs) are responsible for the development of castration-resistant disease and are associated with poor outcomes; however, the origin of PrCSCs is still not known due to the lack of a suitable model. In the current study, the human prostate cancer cell line 22RV1 was used to generate induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) via the exogenous expression of four classic transcription factors (OCT-4, SOX2, KLF4, and C-MYC). The iPSCs were analyzed by phase contrast microscopy, real-time polymerase chain reaction, immunofluorescence, alkaline phosphatase (AP) activity, and examined for karyotype and embryoid body and teratoma formation. The analyses demonstrated that the prostate cancer cells were successfully reprogrammed into iPSCs by characteristic human embryonic stem cell morphology, cell marker expression, AP activity, embryoid body, and pluripotency capability in generating all three embryonic germ layers. These results may provide a convenient and accessible model for studying the origin of PrCSCs and the process by which progenitor cells are transformed into PrCSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Zhang
- Department of Urology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Inflammatory and Immune Diseases, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Binshen Chen
- Department of Urology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Inflammatory and Immune Diseases, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peng Xu
- Department of Urology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Inflammatory and Immune Diseases, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunxiao Liu
- Department of Urology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Inflammatory and Immune Diseases, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peng Huang
- Department of Urology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Inflammatory and Immune Diseases, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Urology, Okayama Medical Innovation Center, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
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22
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Kwon OJ, Choi JM, Zhang L, Jia D, Li Z, Zhang Y, Jung SY, Creighton CJ, Xin L. The Sca-1 + and Sca-1 - mouse prostatic luminal cell lineages are independently sustained. Stem Cells 2020; 38:1479-1491. [PMID: 32627901 DOI: 10.1002/stem.3253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The phenotypic and functional heterogeneity of the mouse prostate epithelial cell lineages remains incompletely characterized. We show that the Sca-1+ luminal cells at the mouse proximal prostate express Sox2. These cells are replicative quiescent, castration resistant, and do not possess secretory function. We use the Probasin-CreERT2 and Sox2-CreERT2 models in concert with a fluorescent reporter line to label the Sca-1- and Sca-1+ luminal cells, respectively. By a lineage tracing approach, we show that the two luminal cell populations are independently sustained. Sox2 is dispensable for the maintenance of the Sca-1+ luminal cells but is essential for their facultative bipotent differentiation capacity. The Sca-1+ luminal cells share molecular features with the human TACSTD2+ luminal cells. This study corroborates the heterogeneity of the mouse prostate luminal cell lineage and shows that the adult mouse prostate luminal cell lineage is maintained by distinct cellular entities rather than a single progenitor population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oh-Joon Kwon
- Department of Urology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Jong Min Choi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Urology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Deyong Jia
- Department of Urology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Zhouyihan Li
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Yiqun Zhang
- Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Sung Yun Jung
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Chad J Creighton
- Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Li Xin
- Department of Urology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
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23
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Yu Y, Jiang W. Pluripotent stem cell differentiation as an emerging model to study human prostate development. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:285. [PMID: 32678004 PMCID: PMC7364497 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01801-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate development is a complex process, and knowledge about this process is increasingly required for both basic developmental biology studies and clinical prostate cancer research, as prostate tumorigenesis can be regarded as the restoration of development in the adult prostate. Using rodent animal models, scientists have revealed that the development of the prostate is mainly mediated by androgen receptor (AR) signaling and that some other signaling pathways also play indispensable roles. However, there are still many unknowns in human prostate biology, mainly due to the limited availability of proper fetal materials. Here, we first briefly review prostate development with a focus on the AR, WNT, and BMP signaling pathways is necessary for prostate budding/BMP signaling pathways. Based on the current progress in in vitro prostatic differentiation and organoid techniques, we propose human pluripotent stem cells as an emerging model to study human prostate development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Yu
- Department of Biological Repositories, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, 116 East-Lake Road, District of Wuchang, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei Province, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Department of Biological Repositories, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, 116 East-Lake Road, District of Wuchang, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei Province, China. .,Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan, 430071, China. .,Human Genetics Resource Preservation Center of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
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24
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Atkinson SP. A preview of selected articles. Stem Cells Transl Med 2020; 9:725-727. [PMID: 32573117 PMCID: PMC7308636 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.20-0215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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25
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Hepburn AC, Curry EL, Moad M, Steele RE, Franco OE, Wilson L, Singh P, Buskin A, Crawford SE, Gaughan L, Mills IG, Hayward SW, Robson CN, Heer R. Propagation of human prostate tissue from induced pluripotent stem cells. Stem Cells Transl Med 2020; 9:734-745. [PMID: 32170918 PMCID: PMC7308643 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.19-0286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary culture of human prostate organoids and patient‐derived xenografts is inefficient and has limited access to clinical tissues. This hampers their use for translational study to identify new treatments. To overcome this, we established a complementary approach where rapidly proliferating and easily handled induced pluripotent stem cells enabled the generation of human prostate tissue in vivo and in vitro. By using a coculture technique with inductive urogenital sinus mesenchyme, we comprehensively recapitulated in situ 3D prostate histology, and overcame limitations in the primary culture of human prostate stem, luminal and neuroendocrine cells, as well as the stromal microenvironment. This model now unlocks new opportunities to undertake translational studies of benign and malignant prostate disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia C Hepburn
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Emma L Curry
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Mohammad Moad
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.,Acute Internal Medicine, University Hospital of North Tees, Stockton on Tees, UK
| | - Rebecca E Steele
- Prostate Cancer UK/Movember Centre of Excellence for Prostate Cancer, Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Omar E Franco
- Department of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Laura Wilson
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Parmveer Singh
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Adriana Buskin
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Susan E Crawford
- Department of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Luke Gaughan
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Ian G Mills
- Prostate Cancer UK/Movember Centre of Excellence for Prostate Cancer, Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, UK.,Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Simon W Hayward
- Department of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Craig N Robson
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Rakesh Heer
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.,Department of Urology, Freeman Hospital, The Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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