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de Simoni B, Rybak M, Antonatos N, Herman AP, Ciesiołkiewicz K, Tołłoczko AK, Peter M, Piejko A, Mosina K, Sofer Z, Kudrawiec R. Electronic Band Structure and Optical Properties of HgPS 3 Crystal and Layers. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2024; 128:9270-9280. [PMID: 38864003 PMCID: PMC11163980 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.4c00562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Transition metal thiophosphates (MPS3) are of great interest due to their layered structure and magnetic properties. Although HgPS3 may not exhibit magnetic properties, its uniqueness lies in its triclinic crystal structure and in the substantial mass of mercury, rendering it a compelling subject for exploration in terms of fundamental properties. In this work, we present comprehensive experimental and theoretical studies of the electronic band structure and optical properties for the HgPS3 crystal and mechanically exfoliated layers from a solid crystal. Based on absorption, reflectance and photoluminescence measurements supported by theoretical calculations, it is shown that the HgPS3 crystal has an indirect gap of 2.68 eV at room temperature. The direct gap is identified at the Γ point of the Brillouin zone (BZ) ≈ 50 meV above the indirect gap. The optical transition at the Γ point is forbidden due to selection rules, but the oscillator strength near the Γ point increases rapidly and therefore the direct optical transitions are visible in the reflectance spectra approximately at 60-120 meV above the absorption edge, across the temperature range of 40 to 300 K. The indirect nature of the bandgap and the selection rules for Γ point contribute to the absence of near-bandgap emission in HgPS3. Consequently, the photoluminescence spectrum is primarily governed by defect-related emission. The electronic band structure of HgPS3 undergoes significant changes when the crystal thickness is reduced to tri- and bilayers, resulting in a direct bandgap. Interestingly, in the monolayer regime, the fundamental transition is again indirect. The layered structure of the HgPS3 crystal was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and by mechanical exfoliation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz de Simoni
- Department
of Semiconductor Materials Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Miłosz Rybak
- Department
of Semiconductor Materials Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Nikolas Antonatos
- Department
of Semiconductor Materials Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland
- Department
of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Chemistry
and Technology, 5 Technická, 166 28 Prague 6 - Dejvice, Czech Republic
| | - Artur P. Herman
- Department
of Semiconductor Materials Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Karolina Ciesiołkiewicz
- Department
of Semiconductor Materials Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Agata K. Tołłoczko
- Department
of Semiconductor Materials Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Maciej Peter
- Department
of Semiconductor Materials Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Adrianna Piejko
- Department
of Nanometrology, Wroclaw University of
Science and Technology, Janiszewskiego 11/17, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Kseniia Mosina
- Department
of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Chemistry
and Technology, 5 Technická, 166 28 Prague 6 - Dejvice, Czech Republic
| | - Zdeněk Sofer
- Department
of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Chemistry
and Technology, 5 Technická, 166 28 Prague 6 - Dejvice, Czech Republic
| | - Robert Kudrawiec
- Department
of Semiconductor Materials Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland
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Wang J, Vikrant K, Younis SA, Kim KH, Heynderickx PM. Low-temperature oxidative removal of benzene from the air using titanium carbide (MXene)-Supported platinum catalysts. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 350:141114. [PMID: 38184080 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
MXenes are an emerging class of two-dimensional (2D) inorganic materials with great potential for versatile applications such as adsorption and catalysis. Here, we describe the synthesis of a platinized titanium carbide MXene (Pt@Ti3C2) catalyst with varying amounts of platinum (0.1%-2 wt.%) for the low-temperature oxidation of benzene, an aromatic volatile organic compound often found in industrial flue gas. A 1% formulation of Pt@Ti3C2-R allowed near-complete (97%) oxidation of benzene to CO2 at 225 °C with a steady-state reaction rate (r) of 0.119 mol g-1·h-1. This low-temperature catalytic oxidation reaction was promoted by an increase in the lattice oxygen (O*)/Pt2+ species (active sites) of 1%Pt@Ti3C2-R from 45.3/34.6% to 71.0/61.1% through pre-thermal reduction under H2 flow, as revealed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, temperature-programmed reduction, and in situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy analyses. The cataltyic activity of 1% Pt@Ti3C2-R against benzene was assessed under the control of the key process variables (e.g., catalyst mass, flow rate, benzene concentration, relative humidity, and time-on-stream) to help optimize the oxidation reaction process. The results provide new insights into the use of platinum-based 2D MXene catalysts for low-temperature oxidative removal of benzene from the air.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiapeng Wang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-Ro, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Kumar Vikrant
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-Ro, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Sherif A Younis
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-Ro, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea; Analysis and Evaluation Department, Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute, Nasr City, Cairo, 11727, Egypt
| | - Ki-Hyun Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-Ro, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.
| | - Philippe M Heynderickx
- Center for Environmental and Energy Research (CEER), Engineering of Materials via Catalysis and Characterization, Ghent University Global Campus, 119-5 Songdo Munhwa-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, 406-840, Republic of Korea; Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium
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Katiyar AK, Hoang AT, Xu D, Hong J, Kim BJ, Ji S, Ahn JH. 2D Materials in Flexible Electronics: Recent Advances and Future Prospectives. Chem Rev 2024; 124:318-419. [PMID: 38055207 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Flexible electronics have recently gained considerable attention due to their potential to provide new and innovative solutions to a wide range of challenges in various electronic fields. These electronics require specific material properties and performance because they need to be integrated into a variety of surfaces or folded and rolled for newly formatted electronics. Two-dimensional (2D) materials have emerged as promising candidates for flexible electronics due to their unique mechanical, electrical, and optical properties, as well as their compatibility with other materials, enabling the creation of various flexible electronic devices. This article provides a comprehensive review of the progress made in developing flexible electronic devices using 2D materials. In addition, it highlights the key aspects of materials, scalable material production, and device fabrication processes for flexible applications, along with important examples of demonstrations that achieved breakthroughs in various flexible and wearable electronic applications. Finally, we discuss the opportunities, current challenges, potential solutions, and future investigative directions about this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajit Kumar Katiyar
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Anh Tuan Hoang
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Duo Xu
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Juyeong Hong
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Beom Jin Kim
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghyeon Ji
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Hyun Ahn
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
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Kumar P, Singh G, Guan X, Lee J, Bahadur R, Ramadass K, Kumar P, Kibria MG, Vidyasagar D, Yi J, Vinu A. Multifunctional carbon nitride nanoarchitectures for catalysis. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:7602-7664. [PMID: 37830178 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00213f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Catalysis is at the heart of modern-day chemical and pharmaceutical industries, and there is an urgent demand to develop metal-free, high surface area, and efficient catalysts in a scalable, reproducible and economic manner. Amongst the ever-expanding two-dimensional materials family, carbon nitride (CN) has emerged as the most researched material for catalytic applications due to its unique molecular structure with tunable visible range band gap, surface defects, basic sites, and nitrogen functionalities. These properties also endow it with anchoring capability with a large number of catalytically active sites and provide opportunities for doping, hybridization, sensitization, etc. To make considerable progress in the use of CN as a highly effective catalyst for various applications, it is critical to have an in-depth understanding of its synthesis, structure and surface sites. The present review provides an overview of the recent advances in synthetic approaches of CN, its physicochemical properties, and band gap engineering, with a focus on its exclusive usage in a variety of catalytic reactions, including hydrogen evolution reactions, overall water splitting, water oxidation, CO2 reduction, nitrogen reduction reactions, pollutant degradation, and organocatalysis. While the structural design and band gap engineering of catalysts are elaborated, the surface chemistry is dealt with in detail to demonstrate efficient catalytic performances. Burning challenges in catalytic design and future outlook are elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashant Kumar
- Global Innovative Center for Advanced Nanomaterials, College of Engineering, Science and Environment (CESE), The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, 2308, NSW, Australia.
| | - Gurwinder Singh
- Global Innovative Center for Advanced Nanomaterials, College of Engineering, Science and Environment (CESE), The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, 2308, NSW, Australia.
| | - Xinwei Guan
- Global Innovative Center for Advanced Nanomaterials, College of Engineering, Science and Environment (CESE), The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, 2308, NSW, Australia.
| | - Jangmee Lee
- Global Innovative Center for Advanced Nanomaterials, College of Engineering, Science and Environment (CESE), The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, 2308, NSW, Australia.
| | - Rohan Bahadur
- Global Innovative Center for Advanced Nanomaterials, College of Engineering, Science and Environment (CESE), The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, 2308, NSW, Australia.
| | - Kavitha Ramadass
- Global Innovative Center for Advanced Nanomaterials, College of Engineering, Science and Environment (CESE), The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, 2308, NSW, Australia.
| | - Pawan Kumar
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Md Golam Kibria
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Devthade Vidyasagar
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiabao Yi
- Global Innovative Center for Advanced Nanomaterials, College of Engineering, Science and Environment (CESE), The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, 2308, NSW, Australia.
| | - Ajayan Vinu
- Global Innovative Center for Advanced Nanomaterials, College of Engineering, Science and Environment (CESE), The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, 2308, NSW, Australia.
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5
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Chen H, Wang M, Huang W. Lead Monoxide Nanostructures for Nanophotonics: A Review. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:1842. [PMID: 37368272 DOI: 10.3390/nano13121842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Black-phosphorus-analog lead monoxide (PbO), as a new emerging 2D material, has rapidly gained popularity in recent years due to its unique optical and electronic properties. Recently, both theoretical prediction and experimental confirmation have revealed that PbO exhibits excellent semiconductor properties, including a tunable bandgap, high carrier mobility, and excellent photoresponse performance, which is undoubtedly of great interest to explore its practical application in a variety of fields, especially in nanophotonics. In this minireview, we firstly summarize the synthesis of PbO nanostructures with different dimensionalities, then highlight the recent progress in the optoelectronics/photonics applications based on PbO nanostructures, and present some personal insights on the current challenges and future opportunities in this research area. It is anticipated that this minireview can pave the way to fundamental research on functional black-phosphorus-analog PbO-nanostructure-based devices to meet the growing demands for next-generation systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Chen
- Engineering Training Center, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - Mengke Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - Weichun Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
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Yao M, Xu X, Li M, Wang H. Possible Origin of Low-Frequency Magnetic Flux Noise in Superconducting Devices. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:1854-1861. [PMID: 36779736 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c03533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The magnetic flux noise caused by surface spin fluctuations in superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs) limits their development. In this work, we report that different adsorbents such as H, O2, NO, and NO2 that adsorb on the surfaces of Mg-based and Pb-based SQUIDs, respectively, producing large local magnetic moments ranging from 0.7-1.6 μB, with energy barriers for thermal spin fluctuation as low as 10-30 mK. Moreover, we observe that the presence of H atoms on the surface of MgO can cause the coadsorption of other molecules, which generates additional spin sources. Monte Carlo simulations of the weakly coupled spin on a two-dimensional square lattice produce a low-frequency flux noise spectrum. We suggest eliminating the surface magnetism by coating the surface with monolayer indium phosphide or protecting the surface from other molecules by nonmagnetic preoccupants with a larger adsorption energy. The work provides important physical insights and feasible strategies for reducing magnetic noise sources in superconducting circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengli Yao
- School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan Key Laboratory of Super Microstructure and Ultrafast Process, Hunan Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Xiong Xu
- School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan Key Laboratory of Super Microstructure and Ultrafast Process, Hunan Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Min Li
- School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan Key Laboratory of Super Microstructure and Ultrafast Process, Hunan Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Hui Wang
- School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan Key Laboratory of Super Microstructure and Ultrafast Process, Hunan Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
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7
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Chang C, Yang S, Li Y, Xiang C, Wang H, Liu S, Luo T, Chen Y. Green hydrometallurgical extraction of metallic lead from spent lead paste in the methanesulfonic acid system. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.122592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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8
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Tao D, Liu X, Li Z, Yang H, Wang J, Zhang Q. PbO nanoparticles anchored on reduced graphene oxide for enhanced cycle life of lead-carbon battery. Electrochim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2022.141228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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9
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Ingle A, Singh M, Tawfik SA, Murdoch BJ, Harrop Mayes EL, Sapountzis Spencer MJ, Ramanathan R, Bansal V. Reactive Oxygen Species Sequestration Induced Synthesis of β-PbO and Its Polymorphic Transformation to α-PbO at Atomically Thin Regimes. ACS NANO 2022; 16:10679-10691. [PMID: 35759757 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c02432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of attractive properties in materials at atomically thin regimes has seen an ongoing interest in two-dimensional (2D) materials. An aspect that has lacked focused attention is the effect of 2D material thickness on its crystal structure. As several layered materials naturally exist in mixed metastable phases, it raises an important question of whether a specific polymorph of these mixed-phase materials will be favored at atomically thin limits. This work attempts to address this issue by employing lead monoxide as a model 2D polymorphic system. We propose a reactive oxygen species (ROS) sequestration-mediated liquid-phase exfoliation (LPE) strategy for the facile synthesis of ultrathin PbO. This is followed by a suite of microscopic and spectroscopic analyses of the PbO nanosheets that reveals the polymorphic transformation of orthorhombic (β) PbO to its tetragonal (α) analogue with reduction in nanosheet thickness. The transformation process reveals an interesting crystal structure of ultrathin 2D PbO where [001]-oriented domains of α-PbO coexist alongside [100]-oriented regions of β-PbO. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations support our experimental data by revealing a higher thermodynamic stability of the tetragonal phase in PbO monolayers. These findings are likely to instigate interest in carefully evaluating the crystal structures of ultrathin 2D materials while promoting research in understanding the phase transformation across a range of 2D crystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aviraj Ingle
- Sir Ian Potter NanoBioSensing Facility, NanoBiotechnology Research Laboratory (NBRL), School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Mandeep Singh
- Sir Ian Potter NanoBioSensing Facility, NanoBiotechnology Research Laboratory (NBRL), School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Sherif Abdulkader Tawfik
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Exciton Science, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Billy James Murdoch
- RMIT Microscopy and Microanalysis Facility, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Edwin Lawrence Harrop Mayes
- RMIT Microscopy and Microanalysis Facility, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | | | - Rajesh Ramanathan
- Sir Ian Potter NanoBioSensing Facility, NanoBiotechnology Research Laboratory (NBRL), School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Vipul Bansal
- Sir Ian Potter NanoBioSensing Facility, NanoBiotechnology Research Laboratory (NBRL), School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
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Hu X, Liu K, Cai Y, Zang SQ, Zhai T. 2D Oxides for Electronics and Optoelectronics. SMALL SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/smsc.202200008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozong Hu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Crystalline Molecular Functional Materials Henan International Joint Laboratory of Tumor Theranostical Cluster Materials Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450001 P. R. China
| | - Kailang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die and Mould Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 P. R. China
| | - Yongqing Cai
- Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering University of Macau Taipa 999078 Macau P. R. China
| | - Shuang-Quan Zang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Crystalline Molecular Functional Materials Henan International Joint Laboratory of Tumor Theranostical Cluster Materials Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450001 P. R. China
| | - Tianyou Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die and Mould Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 P. R. China
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Ranjan P, Gaur S, Yadav H, Urgunde AB, Singh V, Patel A, Vishwakarma K, Kalirawana D, Gupta R, Kumar P. 2D materials: increscent quantum flatland with immense potential for applications. NANO CONVERGENCE 2022; 9:26. [PMID: 35666392 PMCID: PMC9170864 DOI: 10.1186/s40580-022-00317-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Quantum flatland i.e., the family of two dimensional (2D) quantum materials has become increscent and has already encompassed elemental atomic sheets (Xenes), 2D transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs), 2D metal nitrides/carbides/carbonitrides (MXenes), 2D metal oxides, 2D metal phosphides, 2D metal halides, 2D mixed oxides, etc. and still new members are being explored. Owing to the occurrence of various structural phases of each 2D material and each exhibiting a unique electronic structure; bestows distinct physical and chemical properties. In the early years, world record electronic mobility and fractional quantum Hall effect of graphene attracted attention. Thanks to excellent electronic mobility, and extreme sensitivity of their electronic structures towards the adjacent environment, 2D materials have been employed as various ultrafast precision sensors such as gas/fire/light/strain sensors and in trace-level molecular detectors and disease diagnosis. 2D materials, their doped versions, and their hetero layers and hybrids have been successfully employed in electronic/photonic/optoelectronic/spintronic and straintronic chips. In recent times, quantum behavior such as the existence of a superconducting phase in moiré hetero layers, the feasibility of hyperbolic photonic metamaterials, mechanical metamaterials with negative Poisson ratio, and potential usage in second/third harmonic generation and electromagnetic shields, etc. have raised the expectations further. High surface area, excellent young's moduli, and anchoring/coupling capability bolster hopes for their usage as nanofillers in polymers, glass, and soft metals. Even though lab-scale demonstrations have been showcased, large-scale applications such as solar cells, LEDs, flat panel displays, hybrid energy storage, catalysis (including water splitting and CO2 reduction), etc. will catch up. While new members of the flatland family will be invented, new methods of large-scale synthesis of defect-free crystals will be explored and novel applications will emerge, it is expected. Achieving a high level of in-plane doping in 2D materials without adding defects is a challenge to work on. Development of understanding of inter-layer coupling and its effects on electron injection/excited state electron transfer at the 2D-2D interfaces will lead to future generation heterolayer devices and sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranay Ranjan
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Karwar, 342037, Rajasthan, India.
| | - Snehraj Gaur
- Advanced Materials and Devices Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Karwar, 342037, Rajasthan, India
| | - Himanshu Yadav
- Advanced Materials and Devices Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Karwar, 342037, Rajasthan, India
| | - Ajay B Urgunde
- Advanced Materials and Devices Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Karwar, 342037, Rajasthan, India
| | - Vikas Singh
- Advanced Materials and Devices Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Karwar, 342037, Rajasthan, India
| | - Avit Patel
- Advanced Materials and Devices Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Karwar, 342037, Rajasthan, India
| | - Kusum Vishwakarma
- Advanced Materials and Devices Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Karwar, 342037, Rajasthan, India
| | - Deepak Kalirawana
- Advanced Materials and Devices Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Karwar, 342037, Rajasthan, India
| | - Ritu Gupta
- Advanced Materials and Devices Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Karwar, 342037, Rajasthan, India.
| | - Prashant Kumar
- Global Innovative Centre for Advanced Nanomaterials (GICAN), College of Engineering, Science and Environment (CESE), School of Engineering, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia.
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12
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Porous Pb-Doped ZnO Nanobelts with Enriched Oxygen Vacancies: Preparation and Their Chemiresistive Sensing Performance. CHEMOSENSORS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors10030096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Among various approaches to improve the sensing performance of metal oxide, the metal-doped method is perceived as effective, and has received great attention and is widely investigated. However, it is still a challenge to construct heterogeneous metal-doped metal oxide with an excellent sensing performance. In the present study, porous Pb-doped ZnO nanobelts were prepared by a simply partial cation exchange method, followed by in situ thermal oxidation. Detailed characterization confirmed that Pb was uniformly distributed on porous nanobelts. Additionally, it occupied the Zn situation, not forming its oxides. The gas-sensing measurements revealed that 0.61 at% Pb-doped ZnO porous nanobelts exhibited a selectively enhanced response with long-term stability toward n-butanol among the investigated VOCs. The relative response to 50 ppm of n-butanol was up to 47.7 at the working temperature of 300 °C. Additionally, the response time was short (about 5 s). These results were mainly ascribed to the porous nanostructure, two-dimensional belt-like morphology, enriched oxygen vacancies and the specific synergistic effect from the Pb dopant. Finally, a possible sensing mechanism of porous Pb-doped ZnO nanobelts is proposed and discussed.
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13
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Ranjan P, Thomas V, Kumar P. 2D materials as a diagnostic platform for the detection and sensing of the SARS-CoV-2 virus: a bird's-eye view. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:4608-4619. [PMID: 34013310 PMCID: PMC8559401 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb00071c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Worldwide infections and fatalities caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus and its variants responsible for COVID-19 have significantly impeded the economic growth of many nations. People in many nations have lost their livelihoods, it has severely impacted international relations and, most importantly, health infrastructures across the world have been tormented. This pandemic has already left footprints on human psychology, traits, and priorities and is certainly going to lead towards a new world order in the future. As always, science and technology have come to the rescue of the human race. The prevention of infection by instant and repeated cleaning of surfaces that are most likely to be touched in daily life and sanitization drives using medically prescribed sanitizers and UV irradiation of textiles are the first steps to breaking the chain of transmission. However, the real challenge is to develop and uplift medical infrastructure, such as diagnostic tools capable of prompt diagnosis and instant and economic medical treatment that is available to the masses. Two-dimensional (2D) materials, such as graphene, are atomic sheets that have been in the news for quite some time due to their unprecedented electronic mobilities, high thermal conductivity, appreciable thermal stability, excellent anchoring capabilities, optical transparency, mechanical flexibility, and a unique capability to integrate with arbitrary surfaces. These attributes of 2D materials make them lucrative for use as an active material platform for authentic and prompt (within minutes) disease diagnosis via electrical or optical diagnostic tools or via electrochemical diagnosis. We present the opportunities provided by 2D materials as a platform for SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranay Ranjan
- Department of Physics, UAE University, Al-Ain, Abu Dhabi 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Vinoy Thomas
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, USA.
| | - Prashant Kumar
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, India.
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14
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Xiong Z, Zhong L, Wang H, Li X. Structural Defects, Mechanical Behaviors, and Properties of Two-Dimensional Materials. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:1192. [PMID: 33802523 PMCID: PMC7961825 DOI: 10.3390/ma14051192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Since the success of monolayer graphene exfoliation, two-dimensional (2D) materials have been extensively studied due to their unique structures and unprecedented properties. Among these fascinating studies, the most predominant focus has been on their atomic structures, defects, and mechanical behaviors and properties, which serve as the basis for the practical applications of 2D materials. In this review, we first highlight the atomic structures of various 2D materials and the structural and energy features of some common defects. We then summarize the recent advances made in experimental, computational, and theoretical studies on the mechanical properties and behaviors of 2D materials. We mainly emphasized the underlying deformation and fracture mechanisms and the influences of various defects on mechanical behaviors and properties, which boost the emergence and development of topological design and defect engineering. We also further introduce the piezoelectric and flexoelectric behaviors of specific 2D materials to address the coupling between mechanical and electronic properties in 2D materials and the interactions between 2D crystals and substrates or between different 2D monolayers in heterostructures. Finally, we provide a perspective and outlook for future studies on the mechanical behaviors and properties of 2D materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixin Xiong
- Center for Advanced Mechanics and Materials, Applied Mechanics Laboratory, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; (Z.X.); (L.Z.); (H.W.)
| | - Lei Zhong
- Center for Advanced Mechanics and Materials, Applied Mechanics Laboratory, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; (Z.X.); (L.Z.); (H.W.)
- Midea Group, Foshan 528311, China
| | - Haotian Wang
- Center for Advanced Mechanics and Materials, Applied Mechanics Laboratory, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; (Z.X.); (L.Z.); (H.W.)
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- Center for Advanced Mechanics and Materials, Applied Mechanics Laboratory, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; (Z.X.); (L.Z.); (H.W.)
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15
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Kang Q, Yang F, Zhang X, Hu Z. Mechanical and optical behaviors: strain synergy effects in high temperature phase oxides of lead. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj03885k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The structural, electronic, mechanical and optical properties of lead oxide (α-PbO, β-PbO, CsCl–PbO, α-PbO2, and β-PbO2) systems were studied. Furthermore, these results may motivate more experimental and theoretical studies on different phases of lead oxides under high pressure and temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qidong Kang
- College of Mathematics and Physics, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Yang
- College of Mathematics and Physics, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyu Zhang
- College of Mathematics and Physics, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziyu Hu
- College of Mathematics and Physics, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
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16
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Yang Y, Guo Y, Chen YG, Ma X, Zhang XM. Design and synthesis of PbBiVO5 electrode by polymorph engineering for rechargeable battery. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2020.121777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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17
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Wang C, Wu S, Yang X, Yan Z, Xie G, Zhang S, Wang J, Cao H. Thickness-dependent Young's modulus of polycrystalline α-PbO nanosheets. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 31:395712. [PMID: 32438361 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab9577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Litharge, in two dimensional (2D) nanostructure form, has recently ignited considerable theoretical interest due to its excellent photoelectric and magnetic properties. However, the lack of an efficient synthesis method hinders its development. Here, we provide an interfacial solvothermal strategy for controllably synthesizing ultrathin hexagonal polycrystalline α-PbO nanosheets in micrometer scale. This strategy can also be utilized for the synthesis of other 2D materials. Experimental atomic force microscope nanoindentation measurements reveal the relationship between the thickness of polycrystalline α-PbO nanosheets and the corresponding Young's modulus, expressed as E = E0 + Kt -1. First-principles calculation supports the result and ascribes the cause to interlayer sliding from particular weak interlayer interactions. Additionally, the enhanced mechanical strength of the polycrystalline structure compared to its single-crystal counterpart is attributed to the alternate arrangement of grain-boundaries effects. The summative formula may be extended to other 2D materials with weak interlayer interactions, which has the potential to provide guidance for constructing flexible devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084 People's Republic of China
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18
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Fu H, Liu G, Bao H, Zhou L, Zhang H, Zhao Q, Li Y, Cai W. Ultrathin Hexagonal PbO Nanosheets Induced by Laser Ablation in Water for Chemically Trapping Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Chips and Detection of Trace Gaseous H 2S. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:23330-23339. [PMID: 32329597 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c03802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Lead oxide (PbO) nanosheets are of significance in the design of functional devices. However, facile, green, and fast fabrication of ultrathin and homogenous PbO nanosheets with a chemically clean surface is still desirable. Herein, a simple and chemically clean route is developed for fabricating such nanosheets via laser ablation of a lead target in water for a short time and then ambient aging. The obtained PbO nanosheets are (002)-oriented with microsize in planar dimension and ∼15 nm in thickness. They are mostly hexagonal in shape. Experimental observations of the morphological evolution have revealed that the formation of such PbO nanosheets can be attributed to two processes: (i) laser ablation-induced formation of ultrafine Pb and PbO nanoparticles (NPs) and (ii) PbO NP aggregation and their oriented connection growth. Importantly, a composite surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) chip is designed and fabricated by covering a PbO nanosheet monolayer on a Au NP film. Such a composite SERS chip can be used for the fast and trace detection of gaseous H2S in which the PbO nanosheets can effectively chemically trap H2S molecules, demonstrating a new application of these PbO nanosheets. The response of this chip to H2S can be detected within 10 s, and the detection limit is below 1 ppb. Also, this PbO nanosheet-based chip is reusable by heating after use. This study not only deepens the understanding of the NP-based formation mechanism of nanosheets but also provides the renewable SERS chips for the highly efficient detection of trace gaseous H2S.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Fu
- Key Lab of Materials Physics, Anhui Key Lab of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, Institute of Solid State Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Guangqiang Liu
- Key Lab of Materials Physics, Anhui Key Lab of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, Institute of Solid State Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, P. R. China
| | - Haoming Bao
- Key Lab of Materials Physics, Anhui Key Lab of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, Institute of Solid State Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, P. R. China
| | - Le Zhou
- Key Lab of Materials Physics, Anhui Key Lab of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, Institute of Solid State Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Hongwen Zhang
- Key Lab of Materials Physics, Anhui Key Lab of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, Institute of Solid State Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, P. R. China
| | - Qian Zhao
- Key Lab of Materials Physics, Anhui Key Lab of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, Institute of Solid State Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, P. R. China
| | - Yue Li
- Key Lab of Materials Physics, Anhui Key Lab of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, Institute of Solid State Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, P. R. China
| | - Weiping Cai
- Key Lab of Materials Physics, Anhui Key Lab of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, Institute of Solid State Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
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19
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Boroujerdi R, Abdelkader A, Paul R. State of the Art in Alcohol Sensing with 2D Materials. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2020; 12:33. [PMID: 34138082 PMCID: PMC7770777 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-019-0363-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Since the discovery of graphene, the star among new materials, there has been a surge of attention focused on the monatomic and monomolecular sheets which can be obtained by exfoliation of layered compounds. Such materials are known as two-dimensional (2D) materials and offer enormous versatility and potential. The ultimate single atom, or molecule, thickness of the 2D materials sheets provides the highest surface to weight ratio of all the nanomaterials, which opens the door to the design of more sensitive and reliable chemical sensors. The variety of properties and the possibility of tuning the chemical and surface properties of the 2D materials increase their potential as selective sensors, targeting chemical species that were previously difficult to detect. The planar structure and the mechanical flexibility of the sheets allow new sensor designs and put 2D materials at the forefront of all the candidates for wearable applications. When developing sensors for alcohol, the response time is an essential factor for many industrial and forensic applications, particularly when it comes to hand-held devices. Here, we review recent developments in the applications of 2D materials in sensing alcohols along with a study on parameters that affect the sensing capabilities. The review also discusses the strategies used to develop the sensor along with their mechanisms of sensing and provides a critique of the current limitations of 2D materials-based alcohol sensors and an outlook for the future research required to overcome the challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramin Boroujerdi
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Bournemouth University, Talbot Campus, Fern Barrow, Poole, BH12 5BB, UK.
| | - Amor Abdelkader
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Bournemouth University, Talbot Campus, Fern Barrow, Poole, BH12 5BB, UK.
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0FS, UK.
| | - Richard Paul
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Bournemouth University, Talbot Campus, Fern Barrow, Poole, BH12 5BB, UK.
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20
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Ranjan P, Sahu TK, Bhushan R, Yamijala SS, Late DJ, Kumar P, Vinu A. Freestanding Borophene and Its Hybrids. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1900353. [PMID: 31044470 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201900353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Borophene, an elemental metallic Dirac material is predicted to have unprecedented mechanical and electronic character. Need of substrate and ultrahigh vacuum conditions for deposition of borophene restricts its large-scale applications and significantly hampers the advancement of research on borophene. Herein, a facile and large-scale synthesis of freestanding atomic sheets of borophene through a novel liquid-phase exfoliation and the reduction of borophene oxide is demonstrated. Electron microscopy confirms the presence of β12 , X3 , and their intermediate phases of borophene; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and scanning tunneling microscopy, corroborated with density functional theory band structure calculations, validate the phase purity and the metallic nature. Borophene with excellent anchoring capabilities is used for sensing of light, gas, molecules, and strain. Hybrids of borophene as well as that of reduced borophene oxide with other 2D materials are synthesized, and the predicted superior performance in energy storage is explored. The specific capacity of borophene oxide is observed to be ≈4941 mAh g-1 , which significantly exceeds that of existing 2D materials and their hybrids. These freestanding borophene materials and their hybrids will create a huge breakthrough in the field of 2D materials and could help to develop future generations of devices and emerging applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranay Ranjan
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Bihta, Bihar, 801106, India
| | - Tumesh Kumar Sahu
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Bihta, Bihar, 801106, India
| | - Rebti Bhushan
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Bihta, Bihar, 801106, India
| | | | | | - Prashant Kumar
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Bihta, Bihar, 801106, India
- Birck Nanotechnology Centre, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Ajayan Vinu
- Global Innovative Center for Advanced Nanomaterials (GICAN), Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
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21
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Ge Y, Huang W, Yang F, Liu J, Wang C, Wang Y, Guo J, Zhang F, Song Y, Xu S, Fan D, Zhang H. Beta-lead oxide quantum dot (β-PbO QD)/polystyrene (PS) composite films and their applications in ultrafast photonics. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:6828-6837. [PMID: 30912563 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr01112a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Polymer composite films, particularly those based on polymers and layered nanomaterials, are attractive materials for exploiting the properties of multiple materials for applications in electronics and photonics. In this work, a beta-lead oxide quantum dot (β-PbO QD)/polystyrene (PS) composite film is successfully fabricated by a solution blending method. The β-PbO QDs are well-distributed within a β-PbO QD/PS composite film and the composite film is transparent and flexible. Owing to the almost complete insolubility of both β-PbO QDs and PS, the as-fabricated β-PbO QD/PS composite film holds the nonlinear photonic response from 540 nm to 1060 nm under complete water immersion, confirming its excellent stability to high humidity. Additionally, the β-PbO QD/PS composite film exhibits a considerable capacity for optical modulation owing to a strong nonlinear absorption coefficient compared with those of other two-dimensional (2D) materials. On the basis of a home-made β-PbO QD/PS composite film saturable absorber, stable mode-locked pulses at 1060 nm are generated under humid conditions. It is anticipated that the β-PbO QD/PS composite films enable the exploitation of new waterproof, flexible photonic devices based on functional 2D materials and polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqi Ge
- SZU-NUS Collaborative Innovation Centre for Optoelectronic Science & Technology, and Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
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22
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Masihi A, Naseri M, Fatahi N. A first-principles study of the electronic and optical properties of monolayer α-PbO. Chem Phys Lett 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2019.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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23
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Antoniuk ER, Cheon G, Krishnapriyan A, Rehn DA, Zhou Y, Reed EJ. New Assembly-Free Bulk Layered Inorganic Vertical Heterostructures with Infrared and Optical Bandgaps. NANO LETTERS 2019; 19:142-149. [PMID: 30525679 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b03500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In principle, a nearly endless number of unique van der Waals heterostructures can be created through the vertical stacking of two-dimensional (2D) materials, resulting in unprecedented potential for material design. However, this widely employed synthetic method for generating van der Waals heterostructures is slow, imprecise, and prone to introducing interlayer contaminants when compared with synthesis methods that are scalable to industrially relevant scales. Herein, we study the properties of a new class of layered bulk inorganic materials that has recently been reported that we call assembly-free bulk layered inorganic heterostructures, wherein the individual layers are of dissimilar chemical composition, distinguishing them from commonly studied layered materials. We find that these bulk materials exhibit properties similar to vertical heterostructures but without the complex and unscalable stacking process. Using state-of-the-art computational approaches, we study the electronic properties of livingstonite (HgSb4S8), a naturally occurring mineral that is a bulk lattice-commensurate heterostructure. We find that isolated bilayers of livingstonite have an intralayer HSE-06 band gap of 2.08 eV. This is the first report of a naturally occurring van der Waals heterostructure with a calculated band gap in the visible spectrum. We also studied the electronic properties of tetragonal Ti3Bi4O12, Sm2Ti3Bi2O12, orthorhombic Ti3Bi4O12, Nb3Bi5O15, LaTiNbBi2O9, and AgPbBrO and found some of them are potentially well-suited for photovoltaic applications. We also provide characterization of the electronic structure of the isolated bilayer and monolayer subcomponents of the bulk heterostructures. The report of the properties of these materials significantly enhances the library of known van der Waals heterostructures.
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24
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Bakhtatou A, Ersan F. Effects of the number of layers on the vibrational, electronic and optical properties of alpha lead oxide. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:3868-3876. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cp07327a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
We have investigated the effects of the number of layers on the structure, vibrational, electronic and optical properties of α-PbO using first principles calculations. Our calculations have indicated that ultrathin films of α-PbO (such as 3 nm thickness) could be excellent candidates for solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Bakhtatou
- Laboratoire de physique des matériaux
- Université 8 Mai 1945 Guelma
- BP 401 Guelma 24000
- Algeria
| | - Fatih Ersan
- Department of Physics
- Adnan Menderes University
- Aydιn 09010
- Turkey
- Department of Physics
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25
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Huang W, Jiang X, Wang Y, Zhang F, Ge Y, Zhang Y, Wu L, Ma D, Li Z, Wang R, Huang ZN, Dai X, Xiang Y, Li J, Zhang H. Two-dimensional beta-lead oxide quantum dots. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:20540-20547. [PMID: 30402631 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr07788f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, black-phosphorus-analogue (BPA) two-dimensional (2D) materials have been explored to demonstrate promising optoelectronic performances and distinguished ambient stabilities, holding great promise in practical applications. Here, one new kind of BPA material, orthorhombic β-PbO quantum dots (QDs), is successfully fabricated by a facile liquid phase exfoliation (LPE) technique. The as-prepared β-PbO QDs show a homogeneous distribution of the lateral size (3.2 ± 0.9 nm) and thickness (2.5 ± 0.5 nm), corresponding to 4 ± 1 layers. The carrier dynamics of β-PbO QDs was systematically investigated via a femtosecond resolution transient absorption approach in the visible wavelength regime and it was clarified that two decay components were resolved with a decay time of τ1 = 2.3 ± 0.3 ps and τ2 = 87.9 ± 6.0 ps, respectively, providing important insights into their potential applications in the field of ultrafast optics, nanomechanics and optoelectronics. As a proof-of-concept, β-PbO QDs were, for the first time to our knowledge, fabricated as a working electrode in a photoelectrochemical (PEC)-typed photodetector that exhibits significantly high photocurrent density and excellent stability under ambient conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weichun Huang
- SZU-NUS Collaborative Innovation Centre for Optoelectronic Science & Technology, and Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
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